Management of Soil Health

J & K State Presentation

National Conference on Agriculture for Rabi Campaign 2014-1517th and 18th of Sept 2014, NASC, Pusa Complex, ICAR, New Delhi

Damage by Recent Heavy Rains & Floods

Recent Heavy Rains and Floods in the Kashmir valley in Particular and many parts of Jammu region have damaged:– Almost all the Stationary and mobile Soil Testing Labs and Quality

Control Labs in Kashmir Valley, besides farm machinery, pumpsets, bore-wells, etc. and other infrastructure in large area of the State ;

– Cultivated area in major part of the valley due to floods, sedimentation and washing away of lands which will take much time for actual assessment;

– About 13,000 hectare cultivated area by way of erosion, washing away of land and deposition of silt and other debris in Jammu region;

– Damaged crops in about 1,33,000 hect area out of the net sown area of about 3.90 lakh hectare area to an extent of 25% to about 60% and even higher at some places.

Land use pattern - J&K State

Net Cultivated area 7.52 lakh ha

• Net Irrigated Area 3.14 lakh ha

• Rainfed incl. Dryland Area 4.38 lakh ha

• Cultivable wastelands 1.50 lakh ha

• Fallow lands 0.88 lakh ha

• Pastures 1.29 lakh ha

Soil Health Status : J&K State

Soil Depth Class (000 ha) (%) of TGAVery Shallow <25 cm 816 3.7Shallow 25-50 cm 3511 15.8Medium 50-100cm 2555 11.5Deep >100 cm 2648 11.9

Drainage Class (000 ha) (%)Poorly Drained 32 0.1Imperfectly Drained 105 0.5Moderately Well Drained 224 1.0Well Drained 1809 8.1Somewhat excessively Drained 1015 4.6Excessively Drained 6344 28.6

Soil Health Status : J&K State

Soil Slope (% Class) Area(000 ha)

(% of TGA)

Nearly Level 0-1 168 0.8

Very gentle 1-3 473 2.1

Gentle 3-8 1215 5.5

Moderate 8-15 739 3.3

Moderately Deep

15-30 853 3.8

Steep 30-50 1662 7.5

Very Steep >50 4421 19.9

Soil Health Status : J&K State

Soil pH Class Area(000 ha)

(%)

Moderately acidic (pH 4.5-5.5) 94 0.4

Slightly acidic (pH 5.5-6.5) 1750 7.9

Neutral (pH 6.5-7.5) 3912 17.6

Slightly alkaline (pH 7.5 – 8.5) 3710 16.7

Moderately alkaline (pH 8.5 – 9.5) 65 0.3

Extent of Land Degradation & Other Problem Areas :J&K State

• Area under cultivation 4%

• Area of the State affected by water erosion

followed by wind erosion, water logging

and flooding 31.6%

• Area not fit for Agriculture because of rock

outcrops, icecaps and glaciers; 56.7%

• Area affected by Water erosion 54.6 lakh ha.

(24.6% of TGA) ;

Extent of Land Degradation & Other Problem Areas : J&K State

• Main areas affected by water erosion: Causes:

Western aspects of Ladakh region, Deeply sloping landscapes,

High altitude areas of Kashmir region Deforestation, overgrazing,

Higher reaches of Jammu region Faulty land use, constructions

• Areas affected by wind erosion

Eastern aspects of Ladakh plateau Lack of vegetative cover

• Areas affected by water logging & flooding:

Along Jhelum in Kmr & During High rains

alluvial plains of Jammu•

Status of Soil Degradation : J&K State(Figures in parenthesis represent % of TGA of State)

S.No

Soil Degradation Type

Degree of Degradation Total Area

Slight Moderate Strong Extreme Lakh (Ha)

(%)

1 Water Erosion 4.3(1.9) 13.0 (5.8) 32.1 (14.5) 5.2 (2.4) 54.6 24.6

I Loss of Top Soil 4.3(1.9) 9.2 (4.1) 20.8 (9.4) 3.9 (1.8) 38.2 17.2

Ii Terrain Deformation - 3.8 (1.7) 11.3 (5.1) 1.3 (0.6) 16.4 7.4

2 Wind Erosion 0.3 (0.1) 7.8 (3.6) 5. 5 (2.5) 13.6 6.1

I Loss of Top Soil 0.3(0.1) 6.6 (3.0) 4.0 (1.8) - 10.8 4.9

Ii Terrain Deformation - 1.2 (0.6) 1.5 (0.7) - 2.8 1.2

3 Physical Deterioration

Water logging/flooding 0.9(0.4) 1.0 (0.5) 0.1 (0.03) - 2.0 0.9

Total Area Affected 4.9(2.1) 70.2 31.6

Interventions by J&K Agriculture Department

A. Use of Chemical Fertilizers (Unit: Mts)Season 2013-14 2014-15Kharif Requirement Consumption Requirement ConsumptionUrea 67,500 55,183 67,500 60,472DAP 45,000 24,218 45,000 27,472MOP 10,000 2,752 10,000 5,437SSP - - - 857NPK - - - 644Rabi Requirement Consumption Requirement Consumption

likelyUrea 78,000 69,196 78,000 78,000DAP 42,750 29,919 42,750 42,750MOP 14,400 14,971 20,000 20,000SSP 6,470 - 6,470 6,470NPK 1,537 644

Interventions by J&K Agriculture Department (contd.)

B. Increase in fertilizer sale points from 3391 in 2013-14 to 3430 in 2014-15

C. Ameliorating micro-nutrient deficiency (48% in Zn; 33% in B; 10% in Mb; 7% in Fe; 4% in Mn): Presently, ZnSO4 utilization is being mainly addressed as under:

Kharif 2013: 29.92 MtRabi 2013-14: 68.35 MtKharif 2014 : 12.00 MtRabi 2014-15: 550 Mt

D. 21 Soil Testing Labs in operation (14 Static and 7 Mobile : Annual Analyzing Capacity: 79,500 samples

E. Number of Districts having AAS : 6

Interventions by J&K Agriculture Department (contd.)

F. Distribution of Soil Health Cards:2013-14 : 60,840Kh 2014 : 14,653Rabi 2014-15: 50,250

G. Production of Organic Inputs:Organic manure: 4,67,612 MtsVermi-compost: 10,330 MtsRural Compost: 2,15,565 MtsCity Compost: 19,913 Mts

H. Vermi-compost units Estd: 2,465

I. Green Manuring Promoted (2014-15) : 200 Hect

J. Area under Conversion to Organic Farming : 4,105 Hect

Interventions by J&K Agriculture Department (contd.)

K. National Mission on Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA):• An action plan of Rs 235.50 lacs in favour of Jammu Division

and Rs 454.00 lacs in favour of Kashmir Division have been approved for implementation of Soil Health Management Components of CSS “NMSA”.

• 6 Nos of New Mobile Soil Testing Labs shall be set up under the scheme with the objectives to provide soil testing facility at farm gate level.

• 4 No of New static soil testing laboratories in Kashmir Division and strengthening of 1 No of static soil testing laboratory in Jammu Division have been approved under the scheme.

Interventions by J&K Agriculture Department (contd.)

L. National Mission on Sustainable Agriculture:• 1 No of Bio fertilizer and Organic Fertilizer Testing & quality control

laboratory has been approved under the scheme. This will help to check the sale of spurious fertilizers.

• 60 No of portable soil testing kits have been envisaged under the scheme for testing of soil samples in far flung and difficult terrains of the state .

• 50 No of field demonstrations on balanced dose of fertilizers based on soil testing shall be laid out in Jammu Division under the scheme.

M. Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana: • 50,000 Nos of Soil Health Card shall be distributed under project Soil

Health Management of the Scheme during 2014-15.

Thanks