“Evaluation Of Solid Waste

Management System of Unjha City to

Suggest Suitable Management

Strategies”

Guide By,

Darshna Patel

Prepared By,

Devla M.Mamun

Saurabh Rami

Desai Satish

Defination:

“ Any unwanted Solid Material”

Why chosen this title ?????? - Burning Issue

- Locals

- Transportation near from college

- Unjha town need more management step of solid

waste management

INTRODUCTION

Main objectives of the study are mentioned below to

assist the personnel involved in managing the solid waste

generated in the city.

• An understanding that municipal solid waste

management is part of a broader urbanization

problem;

• An awareness of need for competent management of

municipal solid waste in urban areas;

OBJECTIVES

• An understanding of various systems available for

collection, transportation, recycling, resource recovery

and disposals.

• An approach to preparing municipal solid waste

management plans in the light of the potential problems

and issues which may become apparent during project

development.

• To provide operational guidelines for the efficient

municipal solid waste management systems.

OBJECTIVES CONT……

Current Methods involve different methodologies for

sample collection, classification and evaluation

M-1 site survey & Secondary Data collection

site visit of interval in 20 day

M-2 Collection of samples

M-3 Classification of samples with std. classification

methodology.

M-4 Evaluation of current solid waste Management methods

of Unjha.

M-5 Development of possible managment strategies

METHODS

Working plan

task month July August Sept Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. April may

Reference

Site Visit& Sample collection

Analysis of samples

Report writing & publication

GEOGRAPHY & GEOLOGY

Topography

Demography and Population Growth

Municipal Area and Population Density

Unjha city is located in the north region of the state of Gujarat. It is a major business centre for

grains, cotton. Its production of grains and masalas, especially by resorting to drip irrigation, has

created a role model for cultivators in other parts of India. Due to this Unjha have Asia's largest

agricultural production market commission (APMC), which attracts thousands of labors from

surrounding states.

Due to high rush of labors and local public it is expected to have maximum waste generation in

the city, which leads to imbalance in waste management.

STUDY AREA

DATA COLLECTION& ANALYSIS

1) Primary data collection was done by visiting site at regular interval of 20 days from last

four months. This includes:

2) Collection of solid waste was done by random sampling method in which solid waste was

collected randomly from each & every pre defined location and then all waste was mixed and

weighted for appropriate analysis.

3) Collected samples were then taken to the college laboratory and classified according to

standard classification method.

4) Classified waste then further weighted for getting proportional values of different waste.

METHODOLOGY

Development of Action Plan

Development of Management strategies for city solid waste management will be developed

using data assessment of solid waste and evaluation of current management techniques of

Unjha municipal Corporation.

• BACKGROUND STUDY

• SECONDARY DATA COLLECTION (PREVIOUS STUDY)

• CHECK OUT OF CURRENT DISPOSAL METHODS OF MSW- UNJHA

• PRIMARY DATA COLLECTION& ANALYSIS

The Municipal Biodegradable waste: - Includes fruit waste, flower waste, vegetable waste,

leftover food and leaves/branches.

Non Biodegradable (Recyclable) waste: - Includes paper, cardboard, wooden material,

metal, rubber, cloth and plastics.

Non Biodegradable (Non Recyclable) waste: - Includes debris/bricks, sand, stone, crockery’s

and broken glass.

METHODOLOGY

RESULTS

Classification of Solid Waste

Plastic Garbage

Clothes Glass

Paper Biomedical

Electric Gravels

Polymer Waste Dust, Soil

Coal Wooden Material

Unclassified Material

RESULTS CONT….

Standard Solid waste classification chart

Aug. Sep. Oct. AVERAGE Dec. Jan. Feb. AVERAGE Marc

h April AVERAGE

No:

Types of Waste Kg. Kg. Kg. Kg. Kg. Kg. Kg. Kg. Kg. Kg. Kg.

1 Plastic 1.21 0.86 0.81 0.96 2.01 1.30 1.44 1.58 1.63 2.62 2.13

2 Garbage 2.77 3.50 3.46 3.24 2.74 3.04 4.11 3.30 3.88 4.32 4.10

3 Clothes 0.98 1.01 1.05 1.01 0.83 1.50 0.97 1.10 2.54 1.52 2.03

4 Glass 1.58 2.05 2.59 2.07 0.91 1.41 0.86 1.06 1.00 0.61 0.81

5 Paper 0.23 0.10 0.20 0.18 0.36 0.50 0.37 0.41 1.25 1.00 1.12

6 Biomedical 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.38 0.30 0.40 0.36 0.22 0.70 0.46

7 Electric 0.15 0.08 0.07 0.10 - - - - 0.06 0.19 0.12

8 Gravels 3.11 1.60 1.30 2.00 1.60 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.22 0.76 0.99

9 Polymer Waste 0.19 0.16 0.25 0.20 0.80 0.45 0.71 0.65 0.25 0.21 0.23

10 Dust, Soil 4.17 4.70 4.48 4.45 3.08 2.59 3.42 3.03 1.58 1.42 1.50

11 Coal 0.18 0.25 0.17 0.20 - - - - - - -

12 Wooden Material 0.05 0.06 0.04 0.05 0.15 0.16 0.14 0.15 1.01 0.73 0.87

13 Unclassified

Material 0.35 0.60 0.56 0.50 0.91 1.50 0.30 0.90 0.08 0.26 0.17

14 Ciramic - - - - 1.18 1.57 1.38 1.38 - - -

15 Cotton - - - - 0.06 0.08 0.10 0.08 0.29 0.66 0.48

TOTAL 15.00 15.00 15.00 15.00 15.00 15.00 15.00 15.00 15.00 15.00 15.00

RESULTS

Seasonal Classification of Solid Waste CONT…..

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

1.00

1.20

1.40

Kg. Kg. Kg. Kg. Kg. Kg. Kg. Kg.

August Sep. Oct. Dec. Jan. Feb. March April

Paper

0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

3.00

3.50

Kg. Kg. Kg. Kg. Kg. Kg. Kg. Kg.

August Sep. Oct. Dec. Jan. Feb. March April

Gravels

0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

3.00

Kg. Kg. Kg. Kg. Kg. Kg. Kg. Kg.

August Sep. Oct. Dec. Jan. Feb. March April

Plastic

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5

5

AugustSep. Oct. Dec. Jan. Feb.MarchApril

Dust, Soil

RESULTS CONT….

0.00

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.10

0.12

0.14

0.16

0.18

0.20

1

August

Sep.

Oct.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

March

April

Electric waste

0.00

0.05

0.10

0.15

0.20

0.25

0.30

1

August

Sep.

Oct.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

March

April

coal

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

11 Unclassified Material

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

10 Wooden Material

RESULTS CONT….

0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

3.00

3.50

4.00

4.50

5.00

Kg. Kg. Kg. Kg. Kg. Kg. Kg. Kg.

August Sep. Oct. Dec. Jan. Feb. March April

Garbage

0.00

0.10

0.20

0.30

0.40

0.50

0.60

0.70

0.80

Kg. Kg. Kg. Kg. Kg. Kg. Kg. Kg.

August Sep. Oct. Dec. Jan. Feb. March April

Biomedical

0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

3.00

Kg. Kg. Kg. Kg. Kg. Kg. Kg. Kg.

August Sep. Oct. Dec. Jan. Feb. March April

Clothes

0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

3.00

Kg. Kg. Kg. Kg. Kg. Kg. Kg. Kg.

August Sep. Oct. Dec. Jan. Feb. March April

Glass

RESULTS CONT….

0.00

0.10

0.20

0.30

0.40

0.50

0.60

0.70

1

August

Sep.

Oct.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

March

April

Cotton

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

1.00

1.20

1.40

1.60

1.80

1

August

Sep.

Oct.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

March

April

Ceramic

RESULTS CONT….

• 3R’s(Reduce, Reuse and Recycle)

•Composting

• Biogas

• Organic Waste Converter

Available Treatment Processes

RESULTS CONT….

1) Community bins

2) Door-to-Door collection

3) Block collection

4) Curbside collection

5) Composting

6) Land filling

CURRENT TECHNIQUES OF SOLID WASTE SYSTEM

OF THE CITY

RESULTS CONT….

REASONS FOR IN ADEQUACY AND INEFFICIENCY IN SERVICES

• Apathy of Municipal Authorities

• Unqualified supervisors.

• Absence of Community Participation

DRAWBACKS IN PRESENT SWM SERVICES

• No Storage of Waste at Source

• No System of Primary Collection from the Doorstep

• Irregular Street Sweeping

• Waste Storage Depots

• Transportation of Waste

• Processing of Waste

• Disposal of Waste

Technologies available for processing, treatment and disposal of solid waste

• Composting

RESULTS CONT….

1. Continue to provide a cost-effective and environmentally protective sanitary landfill within

the City for the disposal of non-recycled municipal solid waste (MSW) and to extend the life

of the landfill for as long as possible.

This Includes….

• Project City MSW generation and disposal requirements for the 20-year planning period.

• Update projections each year and as necessary

• Monitor the remaining capacity and expansion requirements for the City landfill.

• Update landfill topographic mapping on a regular basis (minimum of every two years) to

access remaining disposal capacity.

• Estimated life of landfill for Scenario 1 (Low) waste generation estimates is until 2050.

• Estimated life of landfill for Scenario 2 (High) waste generation estimates is until 2040.

• Design and construct expansion cells and closure phases as required.

• Operate the Landfill in compliance with all applicable regulations.

• Evaluate and implement new technologies which maximize the use of Landfill space such as

use of alternated daily cover and the technology.

Development of Action Plan Strategies

Development of Action Plan Strategies Cont…..

• Maximize the utilization of landfill gas/methane for power production and other energy

uses.

• Evaluate installation of additional engines and generators

• Utilize excess gas for on-site heating on other energy needs

2. Ensure that efficient MSW collection services are available for County residents at a

reasonable cost.

This Includes…

• Monitor and evaluate service levels traffic and environmental impacts.

• Revise City ordinances as required.

• Evaluate the potential for City administration of MSW collection districts as necessary.

3. Continue the implementation of a recycling plan including yard waste composting that

will meet or exceed the recycling rate mandated by the Municipal Corporation.

4. Continue and expand solid waste source reduction and reuse programs.

5. Coordinate with the private sector to help find cost-effective recycling and disposal

options for construction and demolition debris (CDD) remain available for businesses

engaged in construction activities within the City or state.

6. Continue to provide adequate collection services for special wastes generated within

the City.

7. Provide adequate funding for implementing City solid waste management programs.

8. Continue cooperation with adjacent jurisdictions to implement beneficial solid waste

management programs on a regional basis.

Development of Action Plan Strategies Cont…..

POSSIBLE STRATEGIES FOR WASTE MINIMIZATION

• After detail analysis and study of Municipal solid waste site there are number of

suggestions found out which will be useful to manage solid waste in better way.

• These suggestions include:

• Awareness among the People

• Improvement in available expertise

• Modification in current solid waste management techniques

• Organization of Motivation events for public awareness

• Public participation

• Proper research of study site for better waste management etc.

Development of Action Plan Strategies Cont…..

FACTORS GOVERNING CHOICE OF TECHNOLOGY

• The decision to implement any particular technology needs to be based on its techno-

economic viability, sustainability, as well as environmental implications, keeping in view the

local conditions and the available physical and financial resources.

The key factors are:

• The origin and quality of the waste;

• Presence of hazardous or toxic waste;

• Availability of outlets for the energy produced;

• Market for the compost/anaerobic digestion sludge;

• Energy prices/buyback tariff for energy purchase;

• Cost of alternatives, land price and capital and labour cost;

• Capabilities and experience of the technology provider.

Development of Action Plan Strategies Cont…..

Plate