RESEARCH STUDIO FOR GEOREFERENCEDMEDIA AND TECHNOLOGY

RESEARCH STUDIOS AUSTRIAStudio iSPACE

Creating task-oriented sensor web applications to enhance societies’ spatial enablement

Manfred Mittlboeck & Sabine Hennig

INSPIRE Conference 2012 - Istanbul

2June 26th, 2012

Agenda

� Introduction

• Spatially enabled society and (user-tailored) SDI’s

• Need for live (geo) information (sensor data)

• Challenge

• Pervasive spatial information provision

• Linking space and time

• Fulfilling Usability criteria � User experience (UX)

• Solutions :

• Enhanced live Spatial Information Infrastructure (Sensor Webs)

• Focused Web GI applications (one question – one answer)

• Provision in App-centered portals

• Examples

• Conclusion & Outlook

3June 26th, 2012

Introduction: Spatially enabled society

� Spatially enabled society as concept emerged in the mid-2000s and is still forming

� By definition a society is spatially enabled when location and spatial information are seen as common goods made available to governments, national agencies, business sector, academia, NGOs and citizens as a mean of organizing activities and information assets as well as to encourage and foster creativity, innovations and product development

� describing the emerging cultural and governance revolution offered by pervasive spatial information technologies, and thus citizens becomespatially equipped (Rajabifard 2010, Williamson 2011)

4June 26th, 2012

Spatially enabled society & SDI

… both concepts, spatially enabled society and spatial data infrastructure (SDI)

shall be intimately linked to each other

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Spatially enabled society & SDI

� SDI is transitioning

• From a government-driven SDI (like INSPIRE) phenomenon to

• popularity of GIS amongst citizens which jumped by orders of magnitude as

• capacity to handle, visualize, and analyze geographic information improved.

� On the one side: people’s spatial enablement relies on supporting infrastructures, such as spatial data

infrastructures (SDI), therefore SDI is paving the road for the spatially-enabled society

� On the other side: spatially enabled societies represent the realization of the promise and opportunities

offered by building SDIs

SDI SES

6June 26th, 2012

Introduction: user-focused SDI

• Users must know about SDIs, i.e. geoportals• SDIs must fulfill user purposes and expectations• SDIs must effectively and efficiently serve the user needs in a satisfactory way

• SDIs must be an ‘infrastructure’ therefore pervasive to understand and use for the user

• Otherwise ..

lay to expert

geoportals

7June 26th, 2012

Challenge: SDI portals status quo

� New IT trends open up increasing amounts of data every day

� Discovering & extracting the right information became a major challenge

� Organizational, technical and social boundaries

complexity

amount

Discovery Provision Use

8June 26th, 2012

Challenge: Pervasive (public, private , organisational) spatial information provision

Organizational Model

GI Office

GIS Governance

User

Data Manager

External

Service

Provider

Spatially enabled

Information

Brokerage

ConsumerInformation

Resources

Technical Model

Client

Spatial Data

Client

Spatial Data

Client

Spatial Data

Discovery

Portal

9June 26th, 2012

need for linking space and time

� Space & time are often the only obvious

connection(s) among observations

� Spatio-temporal information

• is decisive to understand and respond to the world

and its events

• is vital for many businesses and societies

• is essential for managing environment, resources

and risk assessment

• is an effective approach for sharing knowledge

10June 26th, 2012

Needs: for provisioning of live (geo) information

� Flexible and portable

monitoring infrastructure

� Near real-time Integration of

a variety of data

� Geo-processing “on-the-

fly”—spatial interpolation

� New “live” information

layers based on sensor

measurements

� Fast dissemination of geo-

analysis results:

rapid mapping Infrastructure: modular, service-oriented, standards-based

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Needs: for provisioning of live (geo) information

• ‚near-real-time-Geography‘ geo- Information Infrastructures including

Sensor networks

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Needs: for provisioning of live (geo) information

• Distributed geo-analysis on real-time geo-

measurments

Data

GI-Integration of

Sensor-Measurements usung

OGC SOS

Information

Near Real-time generation of new

Geo Informations-Layern

(Desktop / Web)

Standardized interfaces (ISO & OGC)

Geo-Processing

service-oriented

Near-realtime

(Desktop / Web)

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Information Provision

iii

WHAT? WHO? WHEN? HOW?

Relevantgeo-knowledge

Decision-makers

On demandContextualized &

user adapted

Discovery Provision Use

14June 26th, 2012

Think about:Usability and User Experience (UX)

Usability is defined as the extent to which a product can be used by specified

users to achieve specified goals with

� effectiveness (how well the user achieves the goals they set out to achieve

using the system),

� efficiency (the resources consumed in order to achieve their goals), and

� satisfaction (how the user feels about their use of the system) in a specified

context of use. (ISO 9241)

15June 26th, 2012

Challenge: Usability ���� UX

satisfaction

quality

user experience

accuracy

topicality

16June 26th, 2012

Challenge: Usability ���� UX

� Key issues in designing and developing geo-

infrastructure solutions are the

• Content

• Quality of information

• Presentation

▪ Usability (ease of use) (ISO 9241-11:1999 – Fitness for

use) and/or the term

▪ UX = users’ experience

Google statistics, 2011

17June 26th, 2012

Complex analysis &

visualization

GIS Specialists

Specialist SoftwareSpecialist Software

Complex analysis &

visualization

GIS Specialists

Specialist Software

Information Visualization

Basic GIS

functionality

Casual GIS users

Web GISWeb GIS

Basic GIS

functionality

Casual GIS users

Web GIS Contextualized

functionality

Non-GIS users

Lean Web AppsLean Web Apps

Contextualized

functionality

Non-GIS users

Lean Web Apps Basic spatial

contextualization

Non-GIS users

ManagementReportsManagementReports

Basic spatial

contextualization

Non-GIS users

ManagementReports

Discovery Provision Use

number of users

ease of use

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Reuse

� To be discover & useable in an easy to use manner

� Analog Content Presentation ≠ Web Content Presentation

� Reynolds (2011, Presentation Zen: Simple Ideas on

Presentation Design and Delivery) describes the art of web

presentations with the Japanese cuisine:

� proportions have to be used with

care, balanced in accordance with harmony

to satisfy the users expectations & needs

Proposed approach : ‘live’ geo- information infrastructures

19June 26th, 2012

Solutions: user-centered perspective on Spatial Information Infrastructure

� User-centric (geo)information provision in geoportals

• Domain and task focused geoportals and web services

• Keep in mind: ▪ User’s spatial experience

▪ User background/ context/ working environment

▪ …

• Geoportal components and functionalities:• (1) basic web mapping,

• (2) extended/ advanced geoprocessing

• (3) metadata publishing

• (4) metadata search

• (5) further information provision (e.g. help/ support,

feedback)

• (6) social networking,

• (7) geoportal customization

• …

20June 26th, 2012

Solutions: Focused Web GI applications

• Solutions :

• Focused Web GI applications (one question – one answer)

• Provision in App-centered portals

Example: Energeo Domain Community Portal

21June 26th, 2012

Solutions: Focused Web GI applications

• Solutions :

• Focused Web GI applications (one question – one answer)

• Provision in App-centered portals

Example: Housing quality in the City of Salzburg

22June 26th, 2012

‘Live’ measuresEnvironment & ‘people as sensors’

� People as sensors

ODK data collection

23June 26th, 2012

Solutions: live Spatial Information Infrastructure

Sensor Web Portal

24June 26th, 2012

Outlook & Conclusion

� Enhanced demand on spatio-temporal information

• Spatially enabled society and (user-tailored) SDI’s

• Need for live (geo) information (sensor data)

• Challenge – how to satisfy the users’ needs

• Pervasive spatial information provision

• Linking space and time

• Fulfilling Usability criteria � User experience (UX)

• Approach :

• Enhanced live Spatial Information Infrastructure (Sensor Webs)

• Focused Web GI applications (one question – one answer)

• Provision in App-centered portals