Manipal University Jaipur Jaipur 303007 B.Sc. (Hons ......B.Sc. (Hons.) programme is proposed to be offered in MUJ from academic session 2018-19. Objective: Knowledge is expanding

Manipal University Jaipur

Jaipur 303007

B.Sc. (Hons.) Programme

Three Year full time Programme

(Six Semester Course)

B.Sc. (Hons.) programme is proposed to be offered in MUJ from academic session 2018-19.

Objective: Knowledge is expanding in Sciences at a fast pace. In a normal 3 year B.Sc.

Programme students learn only Basics of 3-core courses (sciences). In order to give more in depth

and advanced knowledge in one of the core course courses B.Sc. (Hons.) programme in different

courses of Science is proposed.

B.Sc. (Hons.) Programme Credit Structure

Duration of Programme: 6 – Semesters

Major

Course

Subsidiary

Course

Ancillary

Courses

Compulsory

Courses Total

Credits 88 40 8 14 150

Major

Courses

Subsidiary

Courses

Ancillary

Courses

Compulsory

Courses

Biotechnology

Chemistry

Physics

Psychology

Maths

Statistics

Biosciences

Biotech

Botany

Chemistry

Computer Science

Economics

Geology

Mathematics

Physics

Psychology

Biosciences

Biotech

Botany

Chemistry

Computer Science

Economics

Geology

Mathematics

Physics

Psychology

Fundamental of

Computers

General English

Environmental Sciences

Value Education

Open Electives

Major Course: Students have to opt one course out of the list of offered courses

(Major).Concerned department will provide a list of courses (related to major course) with a

total of 88 credits.

* We are offering Physical Chemistry Course (CY1311) in 3rd Semester instead of the program

elective offered in 6th Semester.

Subsidiary Course: Students have to opt one course in the list of offered courses (Subsidiary).

Department of chosen course will provide a list of courses of 40 credits.

Ancillary Course: Each department (major course) will provide list of courses (8 credits)

helpful for students in their major course of Hons. Programme.

1. ELIGIBILITY OF THE CANDIDATES

Candidates who have passed 12th examination of any recognized Board or its equivalent examination with

core courses of Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics OR Biology and a minimum of 45% marks in

aggregate are eligible for admission in B.Sc. (Hons.) Programme.

2. EXAMINATION SCHEME B.Sc. (Hons.) program is of 150 credits. In Each semester students are offered courses of an average of

25 credits.

Students should clear 30 credits after 2 semesters for his/her promotion to III semester.

He/ She should clear 75 credits for being eligible for admission to V semester. Student will be promoted

to V semester, only after clearing all papers of I & II semester (First year of program).

For being eligible for B.Sc. (Hons.) degree he/she should have cleared 150 credits.

Student’s performance in each theory course is evaluated out of maximum of 100 marks, of which 50

marks are for in semester and 50 marks for end semester assessments.

Theory

End-Semester

50%

In-semester Exams(1+1)

40%

Internal Assessment, quiz, presentation

etc.

10%

Practical

End-Semester

40%

In-semester day to day performance

60%

3. EVALUATION PROCEDURE

3.1 Continuous Assessment

The performance of the students is continuously assessed in all courses. The student is evaluated

on class/ tutorial participation, assignment work, lab work, class tests, midterm tests, quizzes and

end semester examinations, which contribute to the final grade awarded for the subject.

3.2 Relative Grading

Marks obtained in the in semester and end semester examinations are added together and a 10

point grading system is used to award the student with an overall letter grade for the course.

3.3 Letter Grading System

The final evaluation of course is carried out on a Ten Point Grading System. Letter Grades and

Grade Points are as shown below:

Letter

Grade

A+ A B C D E F/I/DT

Grade Points 10 9 8 7 6 5 0

A student who earns a minimum of 5 grade points (E grade) in a course is declared to have

successfully completed the course and earned the credits assigned to that course. A course

successfully completed cannot be repeated.

A student should have appeared for the end semester examination of the prescribed course of

study (mere appearance in the continuous assessment tests is not sufficient) to be eligible for the

award of a passing grade in the course.

A minimum of 36% in the end semester including internal assessment examination is essential to

be awarded a passing grade in a theory course and 40% in practical.

If a student is eligible for but fails to appear in the end semester examination will be awarded F

grade. However, he and she fails to appear in end semester examination due to valid reasons, he

or she will be awarded an ‘I’ grade on the grade sheet. However, this needs approval of the HOI.

Relaxation to award I grade is not permissible, unless the necessary permission has been obtained

before exam date.

If a student is not eligible to appear in the end semester examination owing to his / her not fulfilling

the minimum attendance requirements, in any course, he / she will be awarded DT grade (

detained) on the grade sheet and he/she has to fulfill the minimum attendance requirements by

re-registering for those courses at the next available opportunity.

3.4 GRADE POINT AVERAGE (GPA) & CUMULATIVE GRADE POINT AVERAGE

(CGPA)

The overall performance of the students will be indicated by two indices: Grade Point Average

(GPA) and cumulative grade point average (CGPA). Each course letter grade is converted into

grade points, is given in evaluation procedure. These grade points (Gi) are weighted with number

of credits (Ci) assigned to the course. The Grade Point Average (GPA) in the weighted average

of Grade Points awarded to a student in a semester. The weighted average of Grade Points

awarded to a student in a semester. The weighted average of GPA’s of all semesters at any point

of time is the cumulative grade point average (CGPA) at that point of time.

Example of Calculation of GPA and CGPA

Courses Credits Letter

Grade

Grade

Value

Credit

Value

Grade

Points

Physics 3 C 7 3 7 21

Maths 3 B 8 3 8 24

Chemistry 3 A 9 3 9 27

English 2 B 8 2 8 16

Total 11 Total 88

In this case 8.011

88

Credits

points grade totalGPA

Suppose the GPAs in two successive semesters are 7.0 and 8.0 with 26 and 24 respective course

credits, then the

7.48 50

374

24 26

248.0267.0CGPA

Generally,

N

1j i

n

1i

i

N

1j

n

1i

ij

n

1i

i

n

1i

ii

C

CGPA

CPGA,

C

GC

GPA

Where

n= number of courses registered

Ci = course credits

N = number of semesters

Gi = grade points

After the result are declared, grade cards will be issued to each student which will contain the list

of courses for that semester and the grades obtained by the student, as well as GPA of that semester

and CGPA upto that semester.

4. END SEMESTER EXAMINATION AND MAKE UP EXAMINATION The end semester examination will be conducted in the courses offered in the current semester.

That is, at the end of odd semester, examinations in the courses of the odd semester will be

conducted. Similarly, at the end of the even semester, examinations will be conducted only in the

courses of the even semester. However, students of the final semester, the examination of odd

semester courses and even semester courses will be conducted at the end of the final semester.

Make up (supplementary) examinations will be held at the end of semester break to help the students

who have got F/ I grade in the courses offered during the semester.

The cut off marks for grades in the make up examination will be the same as those in the regular

end semester examination. However, for students, who earlier failed (F grade) in any course,

maximum of C grade only will be awarded in subsequent examinations, respective of their

performances. Those who miss regular examinations due to valid reasons (I/DT grade) will be

allowed to retain whatever grade they secure in make-up examinations.

5. EXAMINATION RESULTS

The deputy/ Assistant controller of examinations will declare the result after the approval of HOI.

.

5.1 Withholding of Results

Results will be withheld when a student has not paid his / her dues or when there is a case of

disciplinary action pending against him / her.

5.2 Reevaluation

Since students are shown answer scripts of END Semester examination and corrections in marking

etc done at that stage the provision of reevaluations after declaration of results has been removed.

6. REQUIREMENTS FOR AWARD OF DEGREE

A student completes the requirements for graduation if he\she has.

Fulfilled all minimum requirements of study and earned the number of credits specified in the

prescribed courses of study.

Paid all dues to the institute.

No case of disciplinary action is pending against him\her.

7. ATTENDANCE REQUIREMENT

All students must attend every lecturer\ tutorial and practical class.

A student with less than 75% attendance in individual courses shell not be permitted to write the

end semester examination in that courses and will be given DT letter grade in the courses.

Attendance of lectures, tests, practical and tutorials all count towards the calculation of this

attendance percentage.

The aggregate percentage of attendance of the student during the semester will be entered in his\her

grade sheet of that semester.

A summer term of six to eight weeks duration during the summer vacation will be conducted for

students who have attendance shortage. If the course is offered, students with F\I grades are also

allowed to register for summer term for internal assessment improvement. A student is permitted

to take a maximum of 3 theories and 1 laboratory (Practical subject) during the summer term. The

number of contact hours per week per subject will be 6-8 against 3-4 per courses in the regular

semester. The evaluation process for summer term will be the same as that of the regular semester.

There will be regular internal assessment and examinations at the end of the summer semester.

However, there will be no makeup examination at the end of summer semester.

MANIPAL UNIVERSITY JAIPUR

JAIPUR – 303007

B.Sc. (Hons.) PHYSICS

THREE-YEAR FULL-TIME PROGRAMME (Six-Semester Course)

Course objective:

The honors program trains and awards students with a Bachelor of Science degree after a 3-year

period. The main objectives of this curriculum are:

1. to teach a wide range of Physics at a intermediate level and foster a creative spirit for

learning to become inventive scientists and successful in a wide range of professions.

2. producing graduates who are well grounded in the fundamentals and intermediate level

of Physics and acquisition of the necessary skills, in order to use their knowledge in

Physics in a wide range of practical application.

3. to acquire discipline-based skills in experimental, mathematical, and computational

Physics.

Outcome of course:

After completion of the course, student will be able:

1. Create a hypothesis and appreciate how it relates to broader theories.

2. Evaluate hypothesis, theories, methods and evidence within their proper contexts

3. Critically interpret data, write reports and apply the basics of rules of evidence.

4. Develop proficiency in the analysis of complex physical problems.

5. Provide a systematic understanding of core physical concepts, principles and theories

along with their applications

6. Will be trained for Master’s program in Physics

I Semester Exam Duration (Hrs)

Relative

Weighta

ge (%)

Sr.No. Course

Code

Course Name L T P C

Theor

y

Prac

tical CWS PRS

MTE

ET

E

P

R

E

1 PY1121 Mechanics 3 1 0 4 3 - 10 - 40 50

2 CY1111 Organic

chemistry –I

2 1 0 3 3 - 10 - 40 50

3 MA1111 Differential and

Integral Calculus

3 1 0 4 3 - 10 - 40 50 -

4 CS1102 Fundamentals of

Computers

2 0 0 2 3 - 10 - 40 50 -

5 PY1122 Oscillations and

waves

3 1 0 4 3 - 10 - 40 50 -

6 EN1112 General English 2 0 0 2 3 - 10 - 40 50 -

7 PY1135 General Physics

Lab

0 0 4 2 - 3 - 60 - - 40

8 CY 1130 Chemistry

laboratory-I

0 0 2 1 - 3 - 60 - - 40

9 CS1132 Fundamental of

Computers Lab

0 0 2 1 - 3 - 60 - - 40

10 EN1130 Language Lab-I 0 0 2 1 - 3 - 60 - - 40

Total 15 4 10 24

II Semester Exam Duration (Hrs)

Relative

Weightag

e (%)

Sr.No

.

Course

Code

Course

Name

L T P C T

he

or

y

Prac

tical

CW

S

PR

S

MT

E

ET

E

PR

E

1. 1 PY 1221 Optics 3 1 0 4 3 - 10 - 40 50 -

2. 2 PY1222 Electricity

and

Magnetism

3 1 0 4 3 - 10 - 40 50 -

3. 3 MA1212 Discrete

Mathematics

3 1 0 4 3 - 10 - 40 50 -

4. 4 CY1211 Inorganic

Chemistry-I

2 1 0 3 3 - 10 - 40 50 -

5. 5 PY1223 Basic

Electronics

2 1 0 3 3 - 10 - 40 50 -

6. 6 VE1201 Value

Education

2 0 0 2 2 - 10 - 40 50 -

7. 7 CY1120 Environment

al Sciences

2 1 0 3 3 - 10 - 40 50 -

8. 8 PY 1235 Optics Lab 0 0 4 2 - 3 - 60 - - 40

9. 9 CY 1230 Chemistry

Laboratory-

II

0 0 2 1 - 3 - 60 - - 40

Total Credits 17 6 6 26

III Semester Exam Duration (Hrs)

Relative

Weightage

(%)

Sr.

No.

Course

Code

Course

Name

L T P C T

he

or

y

Practica

l

CW

S

PR

S

MT

E

ET

E

PR

E

1 PY 1321 Thermal

Physics

3 1 0 4 3 - 10 - 40 50 -

2 MA 1311 Differentia

l

Equations

3 1 0 4 3 - 10 - 40 50 -

3 CY 1311 Physical

Chemistry

-I

2 1 0 3 3 10 40 50

4 MA1319 Solid

Geometry

3 1 0 4 3 - 10 - 40 50 -

5 PY1322 Digital

Electronic

s

3 1 0 4 3 - 10 - 40 50 -

6 PY 1336 Electricity

and

Magnetis

m Lab

0 0 4 2 - 3 - 60 - - 40

7 PY1335 Thermal

Physics

Lab

0 0 4 2 - 3 - 60 - - 40

Total 14 5 8 23

IV Semester Exam Duration (Hrs)

Relative

Weightag

e (%)

Sr.N

o.

Course

Code

Course Name L T P C

Theo

ry

Practic

al

CW

S

PR

S

MT

E

ET

E

PR

E

1 PY 1421 Atomic and

Molecular

Physics

3 1 0 4 3 - 10 - 40 50 -

2 PY1422 Mathematical

Physics-I

3 1 0 4 3 - 10 - 40 50 -

3 PY 1423 Classical

Mechanics

3 1 0 4 3 - 10 - 40 50 -

4 MA1417 Linear

Programming

and Vector

calculus

3 1 0 4 3 - 10 - 40 50 -

5 MA1412 Dynamics 3 1 0 4 3 - 10 - 40 50 -

6 ***** Open Elective 3 0 0 3 3 - 10 - 40 50 -

7 PY 1435 Electronics

Lab-I

0 0 4 2 - 3 - 60 - - 40

8 PY1480 Seminar 0 0 2 1 1 - 60 - - 40

Total Credits 18 5 6 26

V Semester Exam Duration (Hrs)

Relative

Weightage

(%)

Sr.

No.

Course

Code

Course

Name

L T P C

Theor

y

Practica

l

CW

S

PR

S

MT

E

ET

E

PR

E

1 PY 1521 Mathema

tical

Physics-

II

3 1 0 4 3 - 10 - 40 50 -

2 PY 1522 Electromag

netic

Theory

3 1 0 4 3 - 10 - 40 50 -

3 PY1523 Microproce

ssor and

Computer

Programmi

ng

2 1 0 3 3 - 10 - 40 50 -

4 PY 1524 Quantum

Mechanics

3 1 0 4 3 - 10 - 40 50 -

5 MA 1511 Real

Analysis

3 1 0 4 3 - 10 - 40 50 -

6 MA 1513 Numerical

Analysis

3 1 0 4 3 - 10 - 40 50 -

7 PY 1536 Electronics

Lab-II

0 0 4 2 - 3 - 60 - - 40

8 PY 1535 Computer

Lab

0 0 2 1 - 3 - 60 - - 40

Total 17 6 6 26

VI Semester Exam Duration (Hrs)

Relative

Weightage

(%)

Sr.

No.

Course

Code

Course

Name

L

T

P

C

Theor

y

Practica

l

CW

S

PR

S

MT

E

ET

E

PR

E

1 PY 1621 Statistical

Physics

3 1 0 4 3 - 10 - 40 50 -

2 PY 1622 Nuclear and

Particle

Physics

3 1 0 4 3 - 10 - 40 50 -

3 MA 1611 Complex

Analysis

3 1 0 4 3 - 10 - 40 50 -

4 MA 1613 Algebra 3 1 0 4 3 - 10 - 40 50 -

5 PY1623 Solid State

Physics

3 1 0 4 3 - 10 - 40 50 -

6 PY 1635 Modern

Physics Lab

0 0 4 2 - 3 - 60 - - 40

7 PY1636 Solid State

Physics Lab

0 0 4 2 - 3 - 60 - - 40

8 PY1680 Seminar 0 0 2 1 1 - 60 - - 40

Total 15 5 1

0

25

L = Number of Lectures hrs/week

P = Number of practical hours/week

CWS: Class Work Sessionals

MTE: Mid-Term Exam

PRE: End Term Practical Exam

T= Number of Tutorials hrs/week

C= Number of Credits.

PRS: Practical Sessionals

ETE: End Term Exam

SYLLABUS

PHYSICS

PY1121 Mechanics [3 1 0 4]

Fundamentals of Dynamics Dynamics of a System of Particles, Centre of Mass. Conservation of Momentum, Idea of

Conservation of Momentum from Newton’s Third Law, Impulse, Momentum of Variable Mass

System: Motion of Rocket. [3L]

Work and Energy Theorem: Work and Kinetic Energy Theorem. Conservative and Non-

Conservative Forces, Potential Energy, Energy Diagram, Stable and Unstable Equilibrium,

Gravitational Potential Energy, Elastic Potential Energy, Force as Gradient of Potential Energy,

Work and Potential energy, Work done by Non-conservative Forces, Law of Conservation of

Energy. [5L]

Elastic and Inelastic Collisions between particles, Centre of Mass and Laboratory Frames. [4L]

Rotational Dynamics Angular Momentum of a Particle and System of Particles, Torque, Conservation of Angular

Momentum, Rotation about a Fixed Axis, Moment of Inertia, Calculation of Moment of Inertia

for Rectangular, Cylindrical, and Spherical Bodies, Kinetic Energy of Rotation, Motion involving

both Translation and Rotation. [6L]

Gravitation and Central Force Motion Law of gravitation, Inertial and Gravitational Mass, Potential and Field due to Spherical Shell and

Solid Sphere. [3L]

Motion of a Particle under Central Force Field, Two Body Problem and its Reduction to One Body

Problem and its Solution, The Energy Equation and Energy Diagram, Kepler’s Laws (Ideas Only),

Orbits of Artificial Satellites. [4L]

Relation Between Elastic Constants, Twisting Torque on a Cylinder or Wire. [3L]

Inertial and Non- Inertial Systems Reference Frames: Inertial Frames and Galilean Transformations, Galilean Invariance and

Conservation Laws, Non-inertial Frames and Fictitious Forces, Uniformly Rotating Frame,

Physics Laws in Rotating Coordinate Systems, Centrifugal forces: Coriolis Force and its

Applications, Components of Velocity and Acceleration in Cylindrical and Spherical Coordinate

Systems. [7L]

Special theory of Relativity Michelson-Morley Experiment and its Outcome, Postulates of Special Theory of Relativity,

Lorentz Transformations, Simultaneity and Order of Events, Lorentz Contraction, Time Dilation,

Relativistic Transformation of Velocity, Frequency and Wave Number, Relativistic Addition of

Velocities, Variation of Mass with Velocity, Rest Mass, Massless Particles, Mass-energy

Equivalence, Relativistic Doppler effect, Transformation of Energy and Momentum.

[7L] Text/Reference Books:

1. Daniel Kleppner, Robert J. Kolenkow, An introduction to mechanics, McGraw-Hill, 1973. 2. Charles Kittel, Walter Knight, Malvin Ruderman, Carl Helmholz, Burton Moyer, Mechanics

Berkeley Physics course, v.1: Tata McGraw-Hill, 2007. 3. D S Mathur, Mechanics, S. Chand & Company Limited, 2000. 4. Keith R. Symon, Mechanics, Addison Wesley; III edition, 1971. 5. F W Sears, M W Zemansky and H D Young, University Physics, Narosa Pub. House, 1982.

PY1122 Oscillations & Waves [3 1 0 4] Oscillations SHM: Simple Harmonic Oscillations, Differential Equation of SHM and its Solution.Amplitude, Frequency, Time Period and Phase, Velocity and Acceleration, Kinetic, Potential and Total Energy and their Time Average Values, Reference Circle, Rotating Vector Representation of SHM. [4 L] Free Oscillations of Systems with One Degree of Freedom: Mass-Spring system, Simple Pendulum, Torsional Pendulum, Oscillations in a U-Tube, Compound pendulum: Centres of Percussion and Oscillation, and Bar Pendulum. [4 L] Superposition of Two Collinear Harmonic Oscillations: Linearity and Superposition Principle, Oscillations having Equal Frequencies and Oscillations having Different Frequencies (Beats), Superposition of N Collinear Harmonic Oscillations with Equal Phase Differences and Equal Frequency Differences. [5 L] Superposition of Two Perpendicular Harmonic Oscillations: Superposition of Two Mutually Perpendicular Simple Harmonic Motions with Frequency Ratios 1:1 and 1:2 using Graphical and Analytical Methods,Lissajous Figures and their Uses. [5 L] Free Oscillations, Damped Oscillations:Damping Coefficient, Log Decrement, Forced Oscillations: Transient and Steady States, Amplitude, Phase, Resonance, Sharpness of Resonance, Power Dissipation and Quality Factor, Helmholtz Resonator. [6 L] Waves Wave Motion:- Plane and Spherical Waves, Longitudinal and Transverse Waves, Plane Progressive (Travelling) Waves, Wave Equation, Particle and Wave Velocities, Differential Equation, Pressure of a Longitudinal Wave, Energy Transport, Intensity of Wave, Water waves :Ripple and Gravity waves. [4 L] Velocity of Waves:- Velocity of Transverse Vibrations of Stretched Strings, Velocity of Longitudinal Waves in a Fluid in a Pipe, Newton’s Formula for Velocity of Sound, Laplace’s Correction. [6 L] Superposition of Two Harmonic Waves: Standing (Stationary) Waves in a String: Fixed and Free Ends, Analytical Treatment, Phase and Group Velocities, Changes w.r.t Position and Time, Energy of Vibrating String, Transfer of Energy, Normal Modes of Stretched Strings. [8 L] Text/Reference Books:

1. A. P. French, Vibrations and Wave, CBS Pub. & Dist., 1987.

2. N.K. Bajaj, The Physics of Waves and Oscillations Tata Mc-Graw-Hill, 1988.

3. K. Uno Ingard, Fundamentals of Waves & Oscillations,Cambridge University Press, 1988.

4. Daniel Kleppner, Robert J. Kolenkow, An Introduction to Mechanics,Mc-Graw-Hill,

1973.

5. Franks Crawford,Waves: BERKELEY PHYSICS COURSE (SIE),Tata McGraw Hill,

2007.

PY1135 General Physics Lab [0 0 4 2]

General

1. To use a Multimeter for measuring (a) Resistances, (b) A/C and DC Voltages, (c) AC and

DC Currents, (d) Capacitances, and (e) Frequencies. 2. To test a Diode and Transistor using (a) a Multimeter and (b) a CRO. 3. To measure (a) Voltage, (b) Frequency and (c) Phase Difference using a CRO. 4. To study Random Errors. 5. To determine the Height of a Building using a Sextant. 6. To study the Characteristics of a Series RC Circuit.

Mechanics

1. To determine the Acceleration due to Gravity and Velocity for a freely falling body, using

Digital Timing Techniques. 2. To determine the Moment of Inertia of a Flywheel. 3. To determine the Coefficient of Viscosity of water by Capillary Flow Method (Poiseuille’s

method). 4. To determine the Young's Modulus of a Wire by Optical Lever Method. 5. To determine the Modulus of Rigidity of a Wire by Maxwell’s needle.

6. To determine the Elastic Constants of a Wire by Searle’s method.

Compound Pendulum

1. To determine “g” by Bar Pendulum.

2. To determine “g” by Kater’s Pendulum. Springs

1. To study the Motion of a Spring and calculate (a) Spring Constant (b) Value of g, and

(c) Modulus of Rigidity 2. To investigate the Motion of Coupled Oscillators.

Melde’s Experiment

1. To determine the Frequency of an Electrically Maintained Tuning Fork by Melde’s Experiment.

2. To verify λ2 – T Law by Melde’s Experiment. Text/ Reference Books:

1. Geeta Sanon, B. Sc. Practical Physics, I Edn., S. Chand & Co.,2007. 2. B. L. Worsnop and H. T. Flint, Advanced Practical Physics, Asia Publishing House, New

Delhi 1984.

3. Indu Prakash and Ramakrishna, A Text Book of Practical Physics, KitabMahal, New Delhi 2011.

4. D. P. Khandelwal, A Laboratory Manual of Physics for Undergraduate Classes, Vani

Publication House, New Delhi, 2000.

PY1221 Optics [3 1 0 4] Interference Interference: Division of Amplitude and Division of Wavefront, Young’s Double Slit Experiment,

Lloyd’s Mirror and Fresnel’s Biprism, Phase Change on Reflection: Stoke’s treatment,

Interference in Thin Films: Parallel and Wedge-shaped Films, Fringes of Equal Inclination

(Haidinger Fringes) and Fringes of Equal Thickness (Fizeau Fringes), Newton’s Rings:

Measurement of Wavelength and Refractive Index. [10L]

Michelson’s Interferometer: Idea of form of fringes (No Theory required), Determination of

Wavelength, Wavelength Difference, Refractive Index, Standardization of Meter and Visibility of

Fringes. [4L]

Coherence: Temporal and Spatial Coherence, Theory of Partial Coherence, Coherence Time and

Coherence Length, Purity of a Spectrum Line. [2L] Diffraction

Fresnel diffraction: Fresnel’s Assumptions, Fresnel’s Half-Period Zones for Plane Wave,

Explanation of Rectilinear Propagation of Light, Theory of a Zone Plate: Multiple Foci of a Zone

Plate, Comparison of a Zone plate with a Convex lens, Diffraction due to a Straight Edge and a

Rectangular Aperture (Slit), a Small Circular Aperture and an Opaque Circular Disc, Fresnel’s

Integrals, Cornu’s Spiral, Fresnel Diffraction Pattern due to a Straight Edge, a Slit, and a Wire

(Qualitatively using Cornu’s Spiral). [12L]

Fraunhofer diffraction: Diffraction due to a Single Slit, a Double Slit and a Plane Transmission

Grating, Rayleigh’s criterion of resolution, Resolving Power and Dispersive Power of a Plane

diffraction Grating. [8L]

Polarization: Light polarization by reflection, refraction, Brewster’s Law, Malus Law, Double

refraction, circular and elliptical polarization. [4L]

Holography: Principle of Holography, Recording and Reconstruction Method, Theory of

Holography as Interference between two Plane Waves. [2L] Text/ Reference Books:

1. Francis Arthur Jenkins and Harvey Elliott White, Fundamentals of Optics,McGraw-Hill,

1976.

2. AjoyGhatak, Optics, Tata McGraw Hill, 2008.

3. Eugene Hecht and A R Ganesan, Optics, Pearson Education, 2002.

4. Abdul Al-Azzawi,Light and Optics: Principles and Practices,CRC Press, 2007.

5. A. K. Ghatak& K. Thyagarajan, Contemporary Optics, Plenum Press,1978.

PY1222 Electricity and Magnetism [3 1 0 4] Electric Field and Electric Potential

Electric Field:- Electric Field and Lines, Electric Field E due to a Ring of Charge, Electric Flux,

Gauss’s law, Gauss’s law in Differential form, Applications of Gauss’s Law: E due to an Infinite

Line of Charge, a Charged Cylindrical Conductor, an Infinite Sheet of Charge and Two Parallel

Charged Sheets, a Charged Spherical Shell, a Charged Conducting Sphere, a Uniformly Charged

Sphere, Two Charged Concentric Spherical Shells and a Charged Conductor, Force on the Surface

of a Charged Conductor and Electrostatic Energy in the Medium surrounding a Charged

Conductor. [6L]

Electric Potential:- Line Integral of Electric Field, Electric Potential Difference and Electric

Potential V (Line integral), Conservative Nature of Electrostatic Field, Relation between E and V,

Electrostatic Potential Energy of a System of Charges, Potential and Electric Field ofa Dipole, a

Charged Wire and a Charged Disc, Force and Torque on a Dipole, Conductors in an Electrostatic

Field, Description of a System of Charged Conductors, An Isolated Conductor and Capacitance,

Method of Images and its Application to:- Plane Infinite Sheet and Sphere. [9 L]

Electrostatic Energy of (1) a Point Charge, (2) a System of Point Charges, (3) a Uniform Sphere,

(4) a Capacitor. [3 L]

Dielectric Properties of Matter

Dielectrics:- Electric Field in Matter, Dielectric Constant, Parallel Plate Capacitor with a

Dielectric, Polarization, Polarization Charges and Polarization Vector, Electric Susceptibility,

Gauss’s law in Dielectrics, Displacement vector D, Relations between the three Electric Vectors,

Capacitors filled with Dielectrics. [6L]

Magnetic Field Magnetic Effect of Currents:- Magnetic Field B, Magnetic Force between Current Elements and

Definition of B, Magnetic Flux, Biot-Savart’s Law:B due to a Straight Current Carrying Conductor

and Current Loop, Current Loop as a Magnetic Dipole and its Dipole Moment (Analogy with

Electric Dipole), Ampere’s Circuital law (Integral and Differential Forms): B due to a Solenoid

and a Toroid, Properties of B, Curl and Divergence of B, Vector Potential. [4L]

Forces on an Isolated Moving Charge, Magnetic Force on a Current Carrying Wire, Torque on a

Current Loop in a Uniform Magnetic Field. [2L] Magnetic Properties of Matter

Magnetism of Matter:- Gauss’s law of magnetism (Integral and Differential Forms),

Magnetization current, Relative Permeability of a Material, Magnetic

Susceptibility,Magnetization Vector (M), Magnetic Intensity (H), Relation between B, M and H,

Stored Magnetic Energy in Matter, Magnetic Circuit, B-H Curve and Energy Loss in

Hysteresis.[4L] Electromagnetic induction

Faraday’s law (Differential and Integral forms), Lenz’s Law, Self and Mutual Induction, Single Phase Transformer, Energy stored in a Magnetic Field. [4L] Ballistic Galvanometer Potential Energy of a Current Loop, Ballistic Galvanometer:Current and Charge sensitivity. Electromagnetic Damping, Logarithmic Damping, CDR. [4L] Text/Reference Books :

1. Edward M. Purcel, Electricity and Magnetism,Mc-Graw-Hill Education, 1986.

2. Arthur F. Kip,Fundamentals of Electricity and Magnetism,Mc-Graw-Hill, 1968.

3. J. H. Fewkes& John Yarwood, Electricity and Magnetism,Vol. I, Oxford Univ. Press, 1991.

4. D. C. Tayal, Electricity and Magnetism, Himalaya Publishing House,1988.

5. David J. Griffiths, Introduction to Electrodynamics, III edn, Benjamin Cummings, 1998.

PY1223 BASIC ELECTRONICS [2 1 0 3] Network theorems: Fundamentals of AC and DC networks, Thevenin, Norton, Superposition,

maximum power transfer theorem [4L] Semiconductor Diodes:– p and n Type Semiconductors, Energy Level Diagram, Conductivity

and Mobility, p- n Junction Fabrication (Simple Idea), Barrier Formation in p n Junction Diode,

pn junction and its characteristics, Static and Dynamic Resistance, Diode Equivalent Circuit, Ideal

Diode, Load Line Analysis of Diodes.

[3L] Two-terminal Devices and their Applications:- Rectifier Diode, Half-wave Rectifiers, Centre-tapped and Bridge Full-wave Rectifiers Calculation of Ripple Factor and Rectification Efficiency, Zener Diode and Voltage Regulation, Photo Diode, and LED. [4L]

Bipolar Junction transistors: n-p-n and p-n-p Transistors, Characteristics of CB, CE and CC

Configurations, Current gains α, β and γ and Relations between them, Load Line Analysis of

Transistors, DC Load line and Q-point, Physical Mechanism of Current Flow, Active, Cutoff, and

Saturation Regions, Transistor in Active Region and Equivalent Circuit. [5L] Amplifiers: Transistor Biasing and Stabilization Circuits, Fixed Bias and Voltage Divider Bias,

Transistor as 2-port Network, h-parameter Equivalent Circuit, Analysis of a single-stage CE

amplifier using Hybrid Model. Input and Output Impedance, Current, Resistance, Voltage and

Power Gains, [7L] Three-terminal Devices (UJT and FETs): UJT: It’s Characteristics and Equivalent Circuit, Relaxation Oscillator, JEFT: Its Characteristics and Equivalent Circuit, Advantages of JFET, MOSFET (Qualitative Discussion only). [5 L] Text/Reference Books:

1. Robert Boylestad, Louis Nashelsky, Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, VIIIedn., Pearson Education, India, 2004.

2. A. P. Malvino, Electronic Principals, Glencoe, 1993. 3. Allen Mottershead, Electronic Circuits and Devices, PHI, 1997. 4. Ben G. Streetman & Sanjay Banerjee, Solid state electronic devices, Pearson Prentice

Hall, 2006. 5. N. N. Bhargava, D. C. Kulshreshtha& S. C. Gupta, Basic Electronics & Linear

Circuits, Tata Mc-GrawHill, 2006.

PY1235 Optics Lab [0 0 4 2]

Reflection, Refraction and Dispersion

1. To determine the Dispersive Power of the Material of a given Prism using Mercury Light. 2. To determine the Resolving Power of a Prism.

Interference

1. To determine wavelength of sodium light using Fresnel Biprism.

2. To determine wavelength of sodium light using Newton’s Rings. Diffraction

1. To determine the Diameter of a Thin Wire by studying the Diffraction Produced by it. 2. To determine the wavelength of (1) Sodium and (2) Mercury Light using Plane Diffraction

Grating.

Polarization

1. To verify the Law of Malus for Plane Polarized Light.

2. To determine the Specific Rotation of cane sugar using Polarimeter. 3. To analyze Elliptically Polarized Light by using a Babinet’s Compensator. 4. To measure the Numerical Aperture of an Optical Fibre.

Text / Reference Books

1. GeetaSanon, BSc Practical Physics, Istedn. ; R. Chand & Co.,2007.

2. B. L. Worsnop and H. T. Flint, Advanced Practical Physics, Asia Publishing House, New Delhi.

3. InduPrakash and Ramakrishna, A Text Book of Practical Physics, KitabMahal, New Delhi.


Publication House, New Delhi.

PY1321 Thermal Physics [3 1 0 4] Thermodynamics Zeroth and First Law of Thermodynamics: Thermodynamical Equilibrium,Zeroth Law of

Thermodynamics and Concept of Temperature, Work and Heat Energy, State Functions, First Law

of Thermodynamics, Differential form of First Law, Internal Energy, First Law and Various

Processes, Applications of First Law: General Relation between Cp and Cv, Work Done during

Isothermal and Adiabatic Processes, Compressibility and Expansion Coefficient, Atmosphere and

Adiabatic Lapse Rate. [4L] Second Law of Thermodynamics: Reversible and Irreversible Changes, Conversion of Work into

Heat and Heat into Work, Heat Engines, Carnot Cycle, Carnot Engine and its Efficiency,

Refrigerator and its Efficiency. Second Law of Thermodynamics: Kelvin-Planck and Clausius

Statements and their Equivalence, Carnot Theorem. Applications of Second Law of

Thermodynamics: Thermodynamic Scale of Temperature and its Equivalence to Perfect Gas Scale.

[8L] Entropy: Change in Entropy, Entropy of a State, Clausius Theorem,Clausius Inequality, Second

Law of Thermodynamics in terms of Entropy, Entropy of a Perfect Gas, Entropy of the Universe,

Entropy Changes in Reversible and Irreversible Processes, Principle of Increase of Entropy,

Impossibility of Attainability of Absolute Zero: Third Law of Thermodynamics, Temperature-

Entropy Diagrams, First and second order Phase Transitions. [6L] Thermodynamic Potentials: Extensive and Intensive Thermodynamic Variables, Thermodynamic

Potentials U, H, F and G: Their Definitions, Properties and Applications, Surface Films and

Variation of Surface Tension with Temperature, Magnetic Work, Cooling due to Adiabatic

Memagnetization, Approach to Absolute Zero. [6L] Maxwell’s Thermodynamic Relations: Derivations of Maxwell’s Relations, Applications of Maxwell’s Relations: ClausiusClapeyron equation, Values of Cp-Cv,Tds Equations,Joule-Kelvin Coefficient for Ideal and Van der Waal Gases, Energy Equations and Change of Temperature during an Adiabatic Process. [6 L] Kinetic Theory of Gases Distribution of Velocities: Maxwell-Boltzmann Law of Distribution of Velocities in an Ideal Gas

and its Experimental Verification, Doppler Broadening of Spectral Lines and Stern’s Experiment,

Mean, RMS and Most Probable Speeds, Degrees of Freedom, Law of Equipartition of Energy (No

proof required), Specific Heats of Gases. [4L] Molecular Collisions: Mean Free Path. Collision Probability, Estimates of Mean Free Path,

Transport Phenomenon in Ideal Gases: Viscosity, Thermal Conductivity and Diffusion. Brownian

Motion and its Significance. [4 L] Real gases: Behavior of Real Gases: Van der Waal’s Equation of State for Real Gases, Values of

Critical Constants, Joule’s Experiment, Free Adiabatic Expansion of a Perfect Gas, Joule-

Thomson Porous Plug Experiment, Joule-Thomson Effect for Real and Van der Waal Gases,

Temperature of Inversion, Joule-Thomson Cooling. [4L]

Text/Reference Books: 1. Enrico Fermi, Thermodynamics, Courier Dover Publications, 1956.

2. MeghnadSaha, B. N. Srivastava,A Treatise on Heat: Including Kinetic Theory of Gases,

Thermodynamics and Recent Advances in Statistical Thermodynamics,Indian Press, 1958.

3. Mark Waldo Zemansky, Richard Dittman,Heat and Thermodynamics: An Intermediate

Textbook, McGraw-Hill, 1981.

4. Garg, Bansal and Ghosh,Thermal Physics;Tata McGraw-Hill, 1993.

5. Francis W. Sears & Gerhard L. Salinger,Thermodynamics, Kinetic Theory, and Statistical

Thermodynamics; Narosa, 1986.

PY1322 Digital Electronics [3 1 0 4]

Introduction to CRO Block Diagram of CRO, Electron Gun, Deflection System and Time Base, Deflection Sensitivity,

Applications of CRO: Study of Waveform, Measurement of Voltage, Current, Frequency, and

Phase Difference. [3 L] Analog Circuits Integrated Circuits (Qualitative Treatment only): Active and Passive components, Discrete Circuit

Component, Wafer, Chip, Advantages and Drawbacks of ICs, Scale of integration: SSI, MSI, LSI

and VLSI (Basic Idea and Definitions Only), Classification of ICs, Fabrication of Components on

Monolithic ICs, Examples of Linear and Digital ICs. [3 L] Operational Amplifiers (Use Black Box approach): Basic Characteristics of Op-Amps,

Characteristics of an Ideal Op-Amp, Feedback in Amplifiers, Open-loop and Closed-loop Gain,

Frequency Response, CMRR, Virtual ground. [3 L]

Applications of Op-Amps: Inverting and Non-inverting Amplifiers, Adder, Subtractor, Unity

follower, Differentiator, Integrator and Zero Crossing Detector. [5 L] Timers (Use Black Box approach): 555 Timer and its Applications: Astable and Monostable Multivibrator. [2 L]

Digital Circuits Difference Between Analog and Digital Circuits, Binary Numbers, Decimal to Binary and Binary

to Decimal Conversion, AND, OR and NOT Gates (Realization using Diodes and Transistor),

NAND AND NOR Gates, Exclusive OR and Exclusive NOR Gates. [3 L]

Boolean algebra: De Morgan’s Theorems, Boolean Laws, Simplification of Logic Circuit using

Boolean Algebra, Fundamental Products,Minterms and Maxterms, Conversion of a Truth Table

into an Equivalent Logic Circuit by (1) Sum of Products Method and (2) Karnaugh Map. [5 L] Data processing circuits: Basic Idea of Multiplexers, De-multiplexers, Decoders, Encoders, Parity

Checkers. Memories: Read-only memories (ROM), PROM, EPROM. [3 L]

Arithmetic Circuits: Binary Addition, Binary Subtraction using 2’s Complement Method, Half

Adders and Full Adders and Subtractors (only up to Eight Bits). [3 L] Sequential Circuits: RS, D, and JK Flip-Flops, Level Clocked and Edge Triggered Flip-Flops,

Preset and Clear Operations, Race-around Conditions in JK Flip-Flops, Master-Slave JK Flip-Flop

(As Building Block of Sequential Circuits). [5 L] Shift registers: Serial-in-Serial-out, Serial-in-Parallel-out, Parallel-in-Serial-out, and Parallel-in-

Parallel-out Shift Registers (only upto 4 bits). [2 L] Counters: Asynchronous and Synchronous Counters, Ring Counters, Decade Counter. [3 L] D/A and A/D conversion: D/A converter– Resistive network, Accuracy and Resolution. [2 L]

Text/ Reference Books:

1. Donald P. Leach & Albert Paul Malvino,Digital principles and

applicationsGlencoe, 1995. 2. Thomas L. Floyd,Digital Fundamentals, III Edition,Universal Book Stall, India, 1998. 3. Robert F Coughlin and Frederick F Driscoll,Operational Amplifiers and Linear

Integrated Circuits, IV Edition, P.H.I. 1992.

4. R. A. Gayakwad,Op-Amps and Linear Integrated Circuits,Pearson Education Asia, 2000.

PY1335 Thermal Physics Lab [0 0 4 2]

Mechanical Equivalent of Heat

1. To determine J by Callender and Barne’s constant flow method. Thermal Conductivity

1. To determine the Coefficient of Thermal Conductivity of Copper by Searle’s Apparatus.

2. To determine the Coefficient of Thermal Conductivity of Copper by Angstrom’s Method.

3. To determine the Coefficient of Thermal Conductivity of a bad conductor by Lee and Charlton’s disc method.

Resistance Temperature Devices

1. To determine the Temperature Coefficient of Resistance by Platinum Resistance Thermometer (PRT).

2. To calibrate a Resistance Temperature Device (RTD) to measure temperature in a

specified range using Null Method/ Off-Balance Bridge with Galvanometer based Measurement.

Thermocouples

1. To study the variation of Thermo-emf of a Thermocouple with Difference of Temperature of its Two Junctions.

2. To Calibrate a Thermocouple to measure Temperature in a Specified Range using (1) Null

Method (2) Direct Measurement using an Op-Amp Difference Amplifier and to determine Neutral Temperature.

Text/Reference Books:


Delhi.




PY1336 Electricity and Magnetism Lab [0 0 4 2]

Resistance

1. To determine a Low Resistance by Carey Foster’s Bridge.

2. To determine a Low Resistance by a Potentiometer. 3. To determine High Resistance by Leakage of a Capacitor.

Ballistic Galvanometer

1. To determine the (a) Charge Sensitivity and (b) Current Sensitivity of a B.G.

2. To determine the (a) Logarithmic Decrement and (b) CDR of a B.G. Capacitance

1. To determine the Ratio of Two Capacitances by de Sauty’s Bridge.

2. To determine the Dielectric Constant of a Dielectric placed inside a parallel plate capacitor using a B.G.

Self & Mutual Inductance

1. To determine Self Inductance of a Coil by Anderson’s Bridge using AC

2. To determine Self Inductance of a Coil by Rayleigh’s Method. 3. To determine the Mutual Inductance of Two Coils by Absolute method using a B.G.

A.C. Circuits

1. To study the response curve of a Series LCR circuit and determine its (a) Resonant Frequency, (b) Impedance at Resonance and (c) Quality Factor Q, and (d) Band Width.

2. To study the response curve of a Parallel LCR circuit and determine its (a) Anti- Resonant Frequency and (b) Quality Factor Q.



Delhi 1984.




PY1421 Atomic and Molecular Physics [3 1 0 4]

Emission and absorption spectra

X-rays: Ionizing Power, X-ray Diffraction, Bragg’s Law, Bohr Atomic Model, CriticalPotentials,

X-rays-Spectra: Continuous and Characteristic X-rays, Moseley Law. [6L]

Atoms in Electric and Magnetic Fields: Electron Angular Momentum, Space Quantization, Electron Spin and Spin Angular Momentum, Larmor’s Theorem, Spin Magnetic Moment, Stern-Gerlach Experiment, Zeeman Effect: Electron Magnetic Moment and Magnetic Energy, Gyromagnetic Ratio and Bohr Magneton. [5 L] Atoms in External Magnetic Fields: Normal and Anomalous Zeeman Effect,Paschen Back and Stark Effect (Qualitative Discussion only), NMR and ESR. [4 L] Many electron atoms: Pauli’s Exclusion Principle, Symmetric and Antisymmetric Wave Functions, Periodic table, Fine structure, Spin orbit coupling, Spectral Notations for Atomic States, Total Angular Momentum, Vector Model, L-S and J-J couplings, Hund’s Rule, Term symbols, Spectra of Hydrogen and Alkali Atoms (Sodium atom). [8 L] Molecular Spectra: Rotational Energy levels, Selection Rules and Pure Rotational Spectra of a Molecule, Vibrational Energy Levels, Selection Rules and Vibration Spectra, Rotation-Vibration Energy Levels, Selection Rules and Rotation-Vibration Spectra, Determination of Internuclear Distance. [9 L] Raman Effect: Quantum Theory of Raman Effect, Characteristics of Raman Lines, Stoke’s and Anti-Stoke’s Lines, Complimentary Character of Raman and infrared Spectra. [4 L] Lasers: Einstein’s A and B coefficients, Metastable states, Spontaneous and Stimulated emissions, Optical Pumping and Population Inversion, Three-Level and Four-Level Lasers, Ruby Laser and He-Ne Laser, semiconductor laser. [6 L]


1. Arthur Beiser, Concepts of Modern Physics, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1987.

2. J.B.Rajam , Atomic physics , S.Chand& Co., 2007.

3. J.H.Fewkes& John Yarwood , Atomic Physics . Vol. II; Oxford Univ. Press, 1991.

4. Bransden and Joachein , Physics of Atoms and Molecules, Prentice Hall India 2003.

5. Banwell , Molecular Spectroscopy, Mc Graw Hill 2004.

6. A. Ghatak and Thyagarajan, Optical Electronics, Cambridge University Press 1989.

PY1422 Mathematical Physics I [3 1 0 4] Linear Vector Spaces Abstract Systems, Binary Operations and Relations, Introduction to Groups and Fields, Vector

Spaces and Subspaces, Linear Independence and Dependence of Vectors, Basis and Dimensions

of a Vector Space, Homomorphism and Isomorphism of Vector Spaces, Linear Transformations,

Algebra of Linear Transformations, Non-singular Transformations, Representation of Linear

Transformations by Matrices. [9 L]

Matrices Addition and Multiplication of Matrices, Null Matrices, Diagonal, Scalar and Unit Matrices,

Upper-Triangular and Lower-Triangular Matrices, Transpose of a Matrix, Symmetric and Skew-

Symmetric Matrices, Conjugate of a Matrix, Hermitian and Skew-Hermitian Matrices, Singular

and Non-Singular matrices, Adjoint of a Matrix, Inverse of a Matrix by Adjoint Method, Similarity

Transformations, Orthogonal and Unitary Matrices, Trace of a Matrix, Inner Product.

[6 L]

Eigen-values and Eigenvectors, Cayley- Hamilton Theorem, Diagonalization of Matrices,

Solutions of Coupled Linear Ordinary Differential Equations, Bilinear and Quadratic Forms,

Functions of a Matrix. [9 L]

Partial Differential Equations General Solution of Wave Equation in 1 Dimension, Transverse Vibrations of Stretched Strings,

Oscillations of Hanging Chain, Wave Equation in 2 and 3 Dimensions, Vibrations of Rectangular

and Circular Membranes. [8 L]

Heat Flow in One, Two, and Three Dimensions, Heat Flow in Rectangular Systems of Finite

Boundaries, Temperature inside Circular Plate, Laplace Equation in Cartesian, Cylindrical and

Spherical Coordinate Systems, Problems of Steady Flow of Heat in Rectangular and Circular Plate.

[10 L]


1. A. W. Joshi, Matrices and Tensors in Physics, New Age Int. Pub., 1995.

2. M. C. Jain, Vector Spaces and Matrices in Physics, Alpha Science International Ltd, 2007. 3. Stanley J. Farlow,Partial Differential Equations for Scientists and Engineers,Dover

Publishers, 1993.

4. Erwin Kreyszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Wiley Eastern Limited,1985.

5. N. M. Kapoor, A Text Book of Differential Equations, Pitambar Publishing, 2006.

6. R.Courant&D. Hilbert, Methods of Mathematical Physics: Partial Differential Equations,

New Delhi: Wiley India, 2008.

PY1423 Classical Mechanics [3 1 0 4]

System of Particles: Centre of mass, total angular momentum and total kinetic energies of a

system of particles, conservation of linear momentum, energy and angular momentum. [6 L]

Lagrangian Formulation: Constraints and their classification, degrees of freedom, generalized

co-ordinates, example of a disk rolling on the horizontal plane; virtual displacement, D’Alembert’s

principle, Lagrange’s equations of motion of the second kind, uniqueness of the Lagrangian,

Simple applications of the Lagrangian formulation: 1. Single free particle in (a)Cartesian Co-

ordinates, (b) Plane polar co-ordinates, 2. Atwood’s machine 3. A bead sliding on a uniformly

rotating wire in a force-free space 4.Motion of block attached to a spring 5. Simple Pendulum.

[10 L]

Symmetries of space and time: Conservation of linear momentum energy and angular momentum.

[2 L]

Hamiltonian formalism: Generalized momenta, canonical variables, Legendre transformations

and the Hamilton’s equation of motion, Examples of (a) The Hamilton of a particle in a central

force field, (b) the simple harmonic oscillator, Cyclic co-ordinates and conservation theorems,

derivation of Hamilton’s equations from variational principle. [8 L]

Central forces: Reduction of two particle equations of motion to the equivalent one-body

problem, reduced mass of the system, conservation theorems (First integrals of the motion),

equations of motion for the orbit, classification of orbits, conditions for closed orbits, The Kepler

problem (inverse-square law of force). [8 L]

Scattering in a central force field: General description of scattering, cross-section, impact

parameter, Rutherford scattering, center of mass and laboratory co-ordinate systems, their

transformations of the scattering angle and cross-section. [8 L]

Reference Books:

1. Goldstein Herbert, Poole Charles, SafkoJohn , Classical Mechanics, , Pearson Education, 3e,

2011.

2. L.D. Landau andE.M.Lifshitz, Mechanics, Butterworth-Heinemann, 3e, 1976.

3. N. C.Rana andP. SJoag, Classical Mechanics, , Tata McGraw Hill. 3e, 2004.

4. S.N. Biswas, Classical Mechanics, Books& Allied (NCBA publisher) 1e, 2013.

5. R.G. Takwale and P.S. Puranic, Classical mechanics, Tata McGraw Hill, 1978.

6. A. Raychoudhary, Classical Mechanics, Oxford University Press, 1983.

7. J. C. Upadhyaya, Classical Mechanics, Himalaya publishing house, 2e, 2015.

PY1435 Electronics Lab I [0 0 4 2]

Network theorems

(i) Thevnin

(ii) Norton

(iii)Superposition

(iv) Maximum Power transfer

Power supply

1. To study (a) Half-wave Rectifier and (b) Full-wave Bridge Rectifier and investigate the

effect of C, L and π filters.

2. To design a Semiconductor Power Supply of given rating using (a) Half wave, (b) Full

wave or (c) Bridge rectifier and investigate the effect of C-filter.

3. To study the Forward and Reverse characteristics of a Zener Diode and to study its use as

a Voltage Regulator.

4. To investigate simple regulation and stabilization circuits using Voltage Regulator ICs.

Analog/Digital Conversion

1. To design an analog to digital converter of given specifications.

2. To design a digital to analog converter of given specifications.

Op-Amp

1. To design an Inverting Amplifier of given gain using Op-amp 741 and to study its

Frequency Response.

2. To design a Non-Inverting Amplifier of given gain using Op-amp 741 and to study its

Frequency Response.

3. To design and study a precision Differential Amplifier of given I/O specification using Op-

amp 741.

Timer

1. To design an AstableMultivibrator of given specifications using 555 Timer.

2. To design a MonostableMultivibrator of given specifications using 555 Timer and to

measure the Pulse-Width of its output. Text/Reference Books:

1. Chattopadhyay&Rakshit, An Advanced Course in Practical Physics, New Central Book

Agency (P) Ltd.,2012.

2. Singh &Hemne,B.Sc. Practical Physics, S. Chand & Company Ltd., 2011.

3. R.K. Kar, Advanced Practical Electronics, Books and Allied (P) Ltd, 2010.

4. K. A. Navas, Electronics lab Manual, (Vol 1 &Vol 2),Rajath Publishers (4th Edition),2011.

5.

PY1521 Mathematical Physics-II [3 1 0 4]

Vector Calculus Vector Differentiation:- Scalar and Vector Fields, Ordinary and Partial Derivative of a Vector

w.r.t. Coordinates, Space Curves, Unit Tangent Vector and Unit Normal Vector (without Frenet -

Serret Formulae), Directional Derivatives and Normal Derivative, Gradient of a Scalar Field and

its Geometrical Interpretation, Divergence and Curl of a Vector Field, Del and Laplacian

Operators, Vector Identities. [8 L] Vector Integration :- Ordinary Integral of Vectors, Line, Surface and Volume Integrals, Flux of a Vector Field, Gauss’ Divergence Theorem, Green’s Theorem and Stokes Theorem. [6 L] Orthogonal Curvilinear Coordinates Orthogonal Curvilinear Coordinates, Derivation of Gradient, Divergence, Curl and Laplacianin

Cartesian, Spherical and Cylindrical Coordinate Systems. [6 L] Multiple Integrals Double and Triple Integrals : Change of Order of Integration, Change of Variables and Jacobian,

Applications of Multiple Integrals: Area Enclosed by Plane Curves, Area of a Curved Surface,

Volumes of Solids. [7 L] Some Special Integrals

Beta and Gamma Functions and Relation between them, Expression of Integrals in terms

ofGamma Functions, Error Function (Probability Integral). [4 L] Fourier Series Fourier Series, Dirichlet Conditions (Statement only), Kronecker’s Method for Computation of

Fourier Coefficients, Even and Odd Functions, Orthogonality of Sine and Cosine Functions,

Sine and Cosine Series, Applications: Square Wave, Triangular Wave, Output of Full Wave

Rectifier. [6 L] Tensors

Transformation of Co-ordinates, Einstein’s Summation Convention, Relation between Direction

Cosines, Tensors, Algebra of Tensors, Sum, Difference and Product of Two Tensors, Contraction,

Quotient Law of Tensors, Symmetric and Anti-symmetric Tensors, Pseudotensors, Invariant

Tensors :Kronecker and Alternating Tensors, Association of AntisymmetricTensor of Order Two

and Vectors. [5 L]

Text/ Reference Books: 1. Murray Spiegel, Seymour Lipschutz,Schaum's Outline of Vector Analysis, II Edn.

McGraw-Hill, 2009.

2. D. E. Bourne, P C Kendall,Vector Analysis and Cartesian Tensors, III Edn., Chapman &

Hall, 1992.

3. Murray R. Spiegel,Schaum's Outline of Theory and Problems of Fourier

Analysis,McGraw-Hill, 1974.

4. Erwin Kreyszig,Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Wiley Eastern Limited, 1985.

5. Charlie Harper,Introduction to Mathematical Physics, P.H.I., 1995.

6. B S Grewal,Higher Engineering Mathematics, KhannaPublishers, 2000.

7. D. E. Bourne, P C Kendall,Vector Analysis and Cartesian Tensors, IIIEdn.,Chapman &

Hall, 1992.

8. A.W. Joshi, Matrices and tensors in physics, New Age International Publications, 1995.

9. D. E. Bourne, P C Kendall,Vector Analysis and Cartesian Tensors, IIIEdn.; Chapman &

Hall, 1992.

PY1522 Electromagnetic Theory [3 1 0 4] Maxwell’s Equations Maxwell Equations, Displacement Current, Vector and Scalar Potentials, Gauge Transformations:

Lorentz and Coulomb Gauge, Boundary Conditions at Interface between Different Media, Wave

Equations, Plane Waves in Dielectric Media, Poynting Theorem and Poynting Vector,

Electromagnetic Energy Density, Physical Concept of Electromagnetic Field Energy Density,

Momentum Density and Angular Momentum Density. [12L]

Reflection and Refraction of Electromagnetic Waves Reflection and Refraction of a Plane Wave at a Plane Interface between Dielectics, Fresnel

Formulae, Total Internal Reflection, Brewster’s Angle, Waves in Conducting Media, Metallic

Reflection (Normal Incidence), Skin Depth, Maxwell’s Equations in Microscopic Media (Plasma),

Characteristic Plasma Frequency, Refractive Index, Conductivity of an Ionized Gas, Propagation

of e.m. Waves in Ionosphere. [12L]

Polarization of Electromagnetic Waves Description of Linear, Circular and Elliptical Polarization, Propagation of e.m. Waves in

Anisotropic Media, Symmetric Nature of Dielectric Tensor, Fresnel’s Formula, Uniaxial and

Biaxial Crystals,LightPropagation in Uniaxial Crystal, Double Refraction, Polarization by Double

Refraction, Nicol Prism, Ordinary and Extraordinary Refractive Indices, Production and Detection

of Plane, Circularly and Elliptically Polarized Light, Phase Retardation Plates: Quarter-Wave and

Half-Wave Plates, Babinet Compensator and its Uses, Analysis of Polarized Light.

[10 L]

Rotatory Polarization:- Optical Rotation,Biot’s Laws for Rotatory Polarization, Fresnel’s Theory

of Optical Rotation, Calculation of Angle of Rotation, Experimental Verification of Fresnel’s

Theory, Specific Rotation, Laurent’s Half-Shade Polarimeter. [5 L] Optical Fibers: Numerical Aperture, Step and Graded Indices (Definitions Only), Single and

Multiple Mode Fibers (Concept and Definition only) [3 L]


1. A. Z. Capri & P.V. Panat,Introduction to Electrodynamics, Narosa Pub. House, New

Delhi,2002.

2. Joseph A. Edminister, Electromagnetics,II Edn., Tata Mc Graw Hill New Delhi, 2006.

3. M.A.W. Miah,Fundamentals of electromagnetics,Tata Mc Graw Hill New Delhi,1992.

4. Liang Chi Shen, Jin Au Kong, Applied electromagnetism, PWS Pub. Co., 1995.

5. David J. Griffiths, Introduction to Electrodynamics, III Edn.,Benjamin Cummings, 1998.

6. J. D. Jackson, Classical Electrodynamics, III Edn. , Wiley, New York 1998.

7. M. Lifshitz and L. D. Landau, Classical Theory of Fields (Course of Theoretical Physics),

II Edn. , Pergamon Press, 1981.

PY1523 Microprocessors & Computer Programming [2 1 0 3] Intel 8085 Microprocessor Architecture Main Features of 8085, Block Diagram, Components, Pin-out Diagram, Buses, Registers, ALU,

Memory, Stack Memory, Interfacing Devices, Timing and Control Circuitry, Timing States,

Instruction Cycle (Timing Diagram), Interrupts and Interrupt Control, Input/Output. [6L]

8085 Instructions:- Instructions, Machine Language, Assembly Language, Instruction Set and

Format, Data Transfer, Arithmetic, Logical, Branching and Machine Control Operations, RIM and

SIM. Addressing Modes: Register, Implied, Immediate, Direct and Indirect. [5L]

Microprocessor Programming:- Algorithm and Flowcharts, Simple programming Exercises:

Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication and Division - Both 8 and 16 bit etc. [3 L] C & C++ Programming Languages Introduction to Programming: - Algorithms: Sequence, Selection and Repetition. Structured

Programming.Basic idea of compilers. [1 L] Data and Statements: - Data Types. Enumerated Data, Conversion and Casting, Constants and Variables, Mathematical, Relational, Logical and Bitwise Operators, Precedence of Operators, Expressions and Statements, Scope and Visibility of Data, Block, Local and Global variables, Auto, Static and External Variables. [3L] I/O Statements:-printf, scanf, getc, getch, getchar, getche, etc. Streams :cin and cout. Manipulators for Data Formatting: setw, width, endl and setprecision etc. Ascii Files I/O. [3L] Preprocessor Control Statements:-If-statement. If-else Statement, Nested if Structure, Else-if Statement, Ternary Operator, Go to Statement, Switch Statement, Unconditional and Conditional Looping, While Loop, Do-while Loop, For Loop, Break and Continue Statements, Nested Loops. [4 L] Arrays and Structures:- One and Two Dimensional Arrays, Idea of Structures. [1L] Functions:- Standard Library Functions and User-defined Functions, Void Functions and Functions returning Values, Function Prototypes, Function Call by Value and by Reference, Recursion, Idea of Function Overloading. [2L] Text and Reference Books

1. Ramesh S. Gaonkar,Microprocessor Architecture, Programming, and Applications with the 8085 , Prentice Hall India, 2002.

2. William A. Routt ,Microprocessor Architecture, Programming, and Systems featuring the

8085 ; Thomson Delmar Learning, 2006. 3. Kenneth L Short ,Microprocessors and Programmed Logic, II Edn., P.H.I. , 1988. 4. John R. Hubbard,Schaum's Outline of Programming with C++, McGraw-Hill; 2nd Edition,

2000. 5. William H. Press, Saul A. Teukolsky, William T. Vetterling, Brian P. Flannery,

Numerical Recipes in C++: The Art of Scientific Computing , Cambridge University Press; 2 Edition, 2007.

PY1524 Quantum Mechanics [3 1 0 4] Particles and Waves

Inadequacies in Classical Physics, Blackbody Radiation: Quantum Theory of Light, Photoelectric

Effect, Compton Effect, Franck-Hertz experiment, Wave Nature of Matter: De Broglie Hypothesis,

Wave-Particle Duality, Davisson-Germer Experiment, Wave description of Particles by Wave

Packets, Group and Phase Velocities and Relation between them, Two-Slit Experiment with

Electrons, Probability, Wave Amplitude and Wave Functions, Heisenberg’s Uncertainty

Principle (Uncertainty Relations involving Canonical Pair of Variables): Derivation from Wave

Packets, γ-ray Microscope. [10L] Quantum Mechanics Basic Postulates and Formalism: Energy, Momentum and Hamiltonian Operators, Time-

independent Schrödinger Wave Equation for Stationary States, Properties of Wave Function,

Interpretation of Wave Function, Probability Density and Probability, Conditions for Physical

Acceptability of Wave Functions, Normalization, Linearity and Superposition Principles,

Eigenvalues and Eigenfunctions, ExpectationValues, Wave Function of a Free Particle. [8 L]

Applications of Schrödinger Wave Equation

Eigen Functions and Eigenvalues for a Particle in a One Dimensional Box. [2 L]

Bound State Problems: General Features of a Bound Particle System, (1) One Dimensional Simple

Harmonic Oscillator: Energy Levels and Wave Functions, Zero Point Energy [12 L]

Scattering Problems in One Dimension: (1) Finite Potential Step: Reflection and Transmission,

Stationary Solutions, Probability Current, Attractive and Repulsive Potential Barriers (2) Quantum

Phenomenon of Tunneling: Tunnel Effect, Tunnel Diode (Qualitative Description) (3) Finite

Potential Well (Square Well). [5 L]

Operators in Quantum Mechanics

Hermitian operator, Position, Momentum operator, angular momentum operator, and total energy

operator (Hamiltonian), Commutator brackets- Simultaneous Eigen functions, Commutator

algebra, Commutator brackets using position, momentum and angular momentum operator,

Raising and lowering angular momentum operator, Concept of parity, parity operator and its Eigen

values. [5 L]


1. L. I. Schiff, Quantum Mechanics, IIIedition; McGraw Hill Book Co., New York, 1968.

2. E. Merzbacher, Quantum Mechanics, III edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 1997.

3. J.L. Powell &B.Crasemann, Quantum Mechanics, Addison-Wesley Pubs.Co.,1965.

4. A. Ghatak& S. Lokanathan, Quantum Mechanics: Theory and Applications, V Edition,

Macmillan India , 2004.

5. E. M. Lifshitz and L. D. Landau, Quantum Mechanics: Non-Relativistic Theory (Course of

Theoretical Physics, Vol 3), 3rd Edition; Butterworth-Heinemann, 1981.

PY1535 Computer Lab [0 0 2 1]

C & C++ Programming 1. To evaluate a Polynomial: (1) Converting Temperature from Fahrenheit to Celsius, (2) Area

of a Circle, (3) Volume of Sphere etc.

2. To find the Roots of a Quadratic Equation: Real and Distinct, Repeated and Imaginary.

3. To locate a Number in a Given List (linear search).

4. (i) To find the Largest of Three Numbers.

(ii) To find the Largest Number in a Given List of Numbers.

5. (i) To check whether a Given Number is a Prime Number.

(ii) To calculate the first 100 Prime Numbers.

6. To rearrange a List of Numbers in Ascending and Descending Order.

7. (i) To calculate Factorial of a Number.

(ii) To calculate the first few Factorials.

8. Manipulation of Matrices

(i) To Add and Subtract two Matrices.

(ii) To Multiply two Matrices.

Reference Books:

1. R S Gaonkar, Microprocessor Architecture, Programming, and Applications with the 8085,

Prentice Hall, 2002.

2. W A Routt,Microprocessor Architecture, Programming, and Systems featuring the 8085,

Thomson Delmar Learning, 2006.

3. K L Short,Microprocessors and programmed Logic, II Edn. P.H.I., 1988.

4. Schaum's Outline of Programming with C++, 2nd edition, McGraw-Hill,2009.

5. W H Press, S A Teukolsky, W T Vetterling, B P Flannery, Numerical Recipes in C++: The Art

of Scientific Computing, Cambridge University Press, 2nd edition, 2002.

PY1536 Electronics Lab. II [0 0 4 2]

Combinational Logic 1. To verify and design AND, OR, NOT and XOR gates using NAND gates.

2. To design a combinational logic system for a specified Truth Table.

3. To convert a Boolean Expression into Logic Gate Circuit and assemble it using logic gate

ICs.

4. To minimize a given Logic Circuit.

Decoders 1. To study TTL ICs of Binary Decoder, 7-segment Decoder, and Schmit Trigger.

2. To design a Seven-Segment Display driver.

Arithmetic and Logic Units (ALU) 1. Half Adder, Full Adder and 4-bit Binary Adder.

2. Half Subtractor, Full Subtractor, Adder-Subtractor using Full Adder I.C.

Flip-Flops, Counters and Shift Registers 1. To build Flip-Flop Circuits using elementary gates (RS, Clocked RS, D-type, and JK Flip-

Flop).

2. To build a 4-bit Counter using D-type/JK Flip-Flop.

3. To make a Shift Register from D-type/JK Flip-Flop.

4. Serial and Parallel shifting of data.

Reference Books:

1. Chattopadhyay & Rakshit, An Advanced Course in Practical Physics, New Central Book

Agency (P) Ltd.,2012.

2. Singh &Hemne, B.Sc. Practical Physics, S. Chand & Company Ltd.,2011.

3. R K Kar, Advanced Practical Electronics, Books and Allied (P) Ltd.,2010.

4. K A Navas, Electronics lab Manual, ( Vol 1 &Vol 2) Rajath Publishers (4 th Edition),2011.

PY1621 Statistical Physics [3 1 0 4]

Classical Statistics Entropy and Thermodynamic Probability, Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution Law, Ensemble

Concept, Partition Function, Thermodynamic Functions of Finite Number of Energy Levels,

Negative Temperature, Thermodynamic Functions of an Ideal Gas, Classical Entropy Expression,

Gibbs Paradox. Law of Equipartition of Energy – Applications to Specific Heat and its Limitations.

[10 L]

Classical Theory of Radiation Properties of Thermal Radiation, Blackbody Radiation, Pure Temperature Dependence,

Kirchhoff’s Law, Stefan-Boltzmann Law and Wien’s Displacement law, Saha’s Ionization

Formula. [4 L]

Quantum Theory of Radiation Radiation:Stefan-Boltzmann Law: Thermodynamic Proof, Radiation Pressure, Spectral

Distribution of Black Body Radiation, Wien’s Distribution Law and Displacement Law, Rayleigh-

Jean’s Law, Ultraviolet Catastrophe, Planck’s Quantum Postulates, Planck’s Law of Blackbody

Radiation: Experimental Verification, Deduction of (1) Wien’s Distribution Law,(2) Rayleigh-

Jeans Law, (3) Stefan-Boltzmann Law, and (4) Wien’s Displacement Law from Planck’s Law.

[8 L]

Bose-Einstein Statistics B-E distribution law, Thermodynamic functions of a Completely Degenerate Bose Gas, Bose-

Einstein condensation, properties of liquid He (qualitative description), Radiation as photon gas,

Bose’s derivation of Planck’s law. [10 L]

Fermi-Dirac Statistics Fermi-Dirac Distribution Law, Thermodynamic functions of an ideal Completely Degenerate

Fermi Gas, Fermi Energy, Electron gas in a Metal, Specific Heat of Metals, White Dwarf Stars,

Chandrasekhar Mass Limit. [10 L]


1. F Reif,Statistical Physics:Berkeley Physics Course Volume V, Tata McGraw-Hill

Company Ltd, 2008.

2. S Lokanathan and RSGambhir, Statistical and Thermal Physics: An Introduction,P.H.I., 1991.

3. RK Patharia, Statistical Mechanics, Oxford: Butterworth, 1996.

4. K Huang, Statistical Mechanics,Wiley, 1987.

PY1622 Nuclear & Particle Physics [3 1 0 4]

Structure of nuclei Basic Properties of Nuclei: (1) Mass, (2) Radii, (3) Charge, (4) Angular Momentum, (5) Spin, (6)

Magnetic Moment (μ), (7) Stability, and (7) Binding Energy. [3 L]

Radioactivity

Law of Radioactive Decay, Half-life, Theory of Successive Radioactive Transformations,

Radioactive Series, Binding Energy, Mass Formula. [4 L]

α-decay: Range of α-particles, Geiger-Nuttal law and α-particle Spectra, Gamow Theory of Alpha

Decay. [4 L]

β-decay: Energy Spectra and Neutrino Hypothesis, γ-decay: Origin of γ-rays, Nuclear Isomerism

and Internal Conversion. [4 L]

Nuclear Reactions

Types of Reactions and Conservation Laws, Concept of Compound and Direct Reaction,

Compound Nucleus, Fission and Fusion. [2 L]

Nuclear Models

Liquid Drop Model, Mass formula, Shell Model, Meson Theory of Nuclear Forces and Discovery

of Pion. [6 L]

Accelerators

Van de GraaffGenerator, Linear Accelerator, Cyclotron, Betatron, and Light and Heavy Ion

Synchro-Cyclotron, Idea of Large Hadron Collider. [4 L]

Detectors of Nuclear Radiations

Interaction of Energetic particles with matter, Ionization chamber, GM Counter, Cloud Chambers,

Wilson Cloud Chamber, Bubble Chamber, Scintillation Detectors, Semiconductor Detectors

(Qualitative Discussion Only), An Idea about Detectors used in Large Hadron Collider.

[5 L]

Elementary Particles (Qualitative Discussion Only)

Fundamental Interactions, Classification of Elementary Particles, Particles and Antiparticles,

Baryons, Hyperons, Leptons, and Mesons, Elementary Particle Quantum Numbers: Baryon

Number, Lepton Number, Strangeness, Electric Charge, Hypercharge and Isospin. [5 L]

Supermultiplets of Mesons and Baryons, Conservation Laws and Symmetry, Different Types of

Quarks and Quark- Contents of Spin ½ Baryons, Photons, Gravitons, Gluons, Charms and

Intermediate Vector Bosons, Idea of Standard Model, Higg’s Boson and Baryons. [5L]


1. Arthur Beiser,Concepts of Modern Physics, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1987.

2. L Cohen,Concepts of Nuclear Physics by Bernard, Tata McGraw Hill, 1998.

3. RA Dunlap, Introduction to Physics of Nuclei and Particles, Thomson Asia Singapore, 2004.

4. Irving Kaplan,Nuclear Physics, Oxford & IBH, 1962.

5. K S Krane, Introductory Nuclear Physics, John Wiley & Sons, 1988.

PY1623 Solid State Physics [3 1 0 4] Crystal Structure Solids:- Amorphous and Crystalline Materials, Lattice Translation Vectors, Primitive unit cell,

Symmetry operations,Different types of lattices-2D and 3D (Bravais lattices),Miller indices, Inter-

planer distances, SC, BCC and FCC structures, Lattice with a Basis– Central and Non-Central

Elements. Unit Cell, Reciprocal Lattice, Types of Lattices, Brillouin Zones. [8L] X-ray Diffraction and Other Characterization Techniques

Introduction, Crystal as a grating, Bragg’s law and Bragg’s Diffraction condition, indirect and

reciprocal lattice- Ewald’s construction, Debye Scherrer method, Analysis of cubic structure by

powder [6L]

Elementary Lattice Dynamics Lattice Vibrations and Phonons:- Linear Monoatomic and Diatomic Chains, Acoustical and

Optical Phonons, Qualitative Description of the Phonon Spectrum in Solids, Einstein and Debye

Theories of Specific Heat of Solids, T3 Law. [6L]

Electrical Properties of Materials Elementary Band Theory of Solids, Bloch Theorem, Kronig-Penney Model, Effective Mass of Electron, Concept of Holes, Band Gaps, Energy Band Diagram and Classification of Solids, Law of Mass Action, Insulators, and Semiconductors. [6L] Magnetic Properties of Matter Dia-, Para-, Ferri- and Ferromagnetic Materials, Classical Langevin Theory of dia– and

Paramagnetic Domains, Curie’s law, Weiss’s Theory of Ferromagnetism and Ferromagnetic

Domains, Discussion of B-H Curve, Hysteresis and Energy Loss, Curie temperature. [6L]

Dielectric Properties of Materials Polarization, Local Electric Field at an Atom, Depolarization Field, Dielectric Constant, Electric

Susceptibility, Polarizability, Classical Theory of Electric Polarizability, Clausius-Mosotti

Equation, Normal and Anomalous Dispersion, Complex Dielectric Constant. [6L]

Superconductivity: Experimental Results, Critical Temperature, Critical magnetic field, Meissner effect, Type Iand

type II Superconductors, London’s Equation and Penetration Depth, Isotope effect, Idea of BCS

theory (No derivation): Cooper Pair and Coherence length, Josephson Effect. [4L] Text/Reference Books

1. Charles Kittel, Introduction to Solid State Physics, VII Edition, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 2009.

2. A J Dekkar, Solid State Physics, Macmillan India Limited, 2000. 3. J. S. Blackmore, Solid State Physics, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

4. N. W. Ascroft and N. D. Mermin, Solid State Physics; Harcourt Asia, Singapore, 2003.

5. M. Ali Omar, Elementary solid state physics: principles and applications; Pearson

Education, 1999.

PY1635 Modern Physics Lab [0 0 4 2]

Determination of Fundamental Constants 1. To determine the value of Boltzmann Constant by studying Forward Characteristics of a

Diode.

2. To determine the value of Planck’s Constant by using a Photoelectric Cell.

3. To determine the value of Planck’s Constant by using LEDs of at least 4 Different

Wavelengths.

Atomic & Molecular Physics 1. To determine the value of e/m by Bar Magnet.

2. To determine the Wavelengths of Hydrogen spectrum and hence to determine the value of

Rydberg’s Constant.

3. To determine the Wavelength of H-alpha Emission Line of Hydrogen Atom.

4. To determine the Absorption Lines in the Rotational Spectrum of Iodine Vapour.

Miscellaneous 1. To determine the Wavelength and the Angular Spread of a He-Ne Laser.

2. To determine the value of Stefan’s Constant.

3. To determine the Wavelength and the Velocity of Ultrasonic Waves in a liquid (Kerosene

Oil, Xylene, etc.) by studying the Diffraction of light through an Ultrasonic Grating.

4. To study the Characteristics of a Photo-diode.

5. Study of splitting of spectral lines in Magnetic field (Zeeman Effect).

Text / Reference Books 1. Geeta Sanon, B. Sc. Practical Physics, I Edn., S. Chand & Co.,2007.

2. B. L. Worsnop and H. T. Flint, Advanced Practical Physics, Asia Publishing House, New Delhi 1984.

3. Indu Prakash and Ramakrishna, A Text Book of Practical Physics, KitabMahal, New Delhi

2011.

4. D. P. Khandelwal, A Laboratory Manual of Physics for Undergraduate Classes, Vani Publication House, New Delhi, 2000.

PY1636 Solid State Physics Lab [0 0 4 2]

Measurement of Magnetic Field and Related Parameters

1. Measurement of field strength B and its variation in a Solenoid (Determination of dB/dx). 2. To draw the BH curve of iron by using a Solenoid and to determine the energy loss due to

Hysteresis.

Measurement in Solid State Physics

1. To measure the Resistivity of a Ge Crystal with Temperature by Four-Probe Method (from

room temperature to 2000C) and to determine the Band Gap Eg for it. 2. To determine the Hall Coefficient and the Hall angle of a Semiconductor. 3. To study the PE Hysteresis loop of a Ferroelectric Crystal. 4. To measure the Magnetic susceptibility of Solids and Liquids.

Transducers

1. To determine the Characteristics of p-n junction of a Solar Cell.

2. To determine the Coupling Coefficient of a Piezoelectric crystal. Transistor Applications

1. To study the CE Characteristics of a Transistor and study the various Transistor Biasing

Configurations.

2. To design a CE Amplifier of a given gain (mid-gain) using Voltage Divider Bias.

3. To study the Frequency Response of Voltage Gain of a RC-Coupled Amplifier.

4. To study the Characteristics of a FET and design a common source amplifier. Text / Reference Books


Delhi 1984.



Publication House, New Delhi, 2000. 5. Nelson and Jon Ogborn, Practical Physics, fourth edition, Heinemann Educational

Publishers, 1978.

SYLLABUS

Mathematics

[Subsidiary Course]

MA1111 DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS AND INTEGRAL CALCULUS [2 1 0 3]

Differential Calculus:Differentiability and differentials. Successive differentiation and Leibnitz

Theorem.Statement of Rolle's Theorem. Mean Value Theorem, Taylor and Maclaurin's Theorems,

indeterminate forms. Limits and continuity of functions of two variables.Partial Differentiation:

Definition of Partial derivatives. Euler’s Theorem on homogeneous functions, total derivative of

composite & implicit functions, Errors and approximations, Applications.Asymptotes.Curvature,

Concavity, convexity and points of inflection.Extreme Points.Envelopes.Curve tracing, Tracing

of Cartesian, Polar Curves, Integral Calculus: Instigation, Beta and Gamma Functions and its

application. Application of Integral Calculus, Quadrature.Area and length of a curve.Arc length

as a parameter.Multiple Integrals: Definitions, Double integrals, Triple Integral

Text Books:

1. Shanti Nayaran, Differential Calculus, ShyamLal Charitable Trust, Delhi, 2002.

2. Shanti Nayaran, Integral Calculus, ShyamLal Charitable Trust, Delhi, 2002.

3. N. Piskunov, Differential Calculus & Integral Calculus, Vol. 1 and II, Mir Pub., 1981.

References:

1. C.B. Thomas, Calculus and Analytical Geometry, Narosa Pub., Delhi, 1996.

2. N. Piskunov, Differential Calculus & Integral Calculus, Vol. 1 and II, Mir Pub., 1981.

3. R.Courant, and JohnF., Introduction to Calculus and Analysis, Volume I, Springer, 2000.

MA1212 DISCRETE MATHEMATICS [3 1 0 4]

Set Theory: Types of relations on sets and their properties, Relational matrix and the graph of a

relation, Partitions, Equivalence relations, Poset, Hasse diagram. Definitions & Classification of

functions, Characteristic function of a set, Hashing functions, Recursive functions, Permutation

functions. Combinatorics: Discrete numeric function, Basic counting principles, Generating

functions, Recurrence relations, Inclusion and exclusion principle, Euler’s function and its

applications to Cryptography. Propositional Calculus: Logical connectives, Truth tables,

Tautologies and contradictions, Contrapositive, Logical equivalences and implications, De

Morgan’s Laws, Normal forms, Rules of inference, Arguments, Validity of arguments. Predicate

Calculus: Free and bound variables, Quantifiers, Theory of inference, the rules of universal

specification and generalization, Validity of arguments. Graph Theory: Definition and examples

of graphs, Incidence and degree, Handshaking lemma, Isomorphism Sub-graphs, Weighted

Graphs, Walks, Paths and Circuits, Eulerian Graphs, Hamiltonian Graphs. Trees: Definition and

properties of trees, pendent vertices, center of a tree, rooted and binary tree, spanning tree,

minimum spanning tree algorithms, fundamental circuits, cut-sets and cut vertices, fundamental

cut-sets, the four color theorem. Directed Graphs: Types of digraphs, directed paths and

connectedness, Directed trees.

Text Books:

1. R. P. Grimaldi, Discrete and Combinatorial Mathematics: An Applied Introduction, Fourth

Edition, Pearson Education Asia, 2002.

2. T. Veerarajan, Discrete Mathematics, Tata McGraw Hill, 2010.

3. S. K. Chakraborty, B. K. Sarkar, Discrete Mathematics, Oxford Univ. Press, 2012.

Reference Books:

1. B. Kolman, R. C. Busby, S. C. Ross, Discrete Mathematical Structures, Fourth Indian

reprint, Pearson, 2003.

2. K. H. Rosen, Discrete Mathematics and Its Applications, McGraw Hill, 2012.

3. C. L. Liu, Elements of Discrete Mathematics, McGraw Hill, 2008.

4. J. P. Trembly, R. Manohar, Discrete Mathematical Structures with Applications to Computer

Science, Tata McGraw–Hill Pub. Co. Ltd, New Delhi, 2003

MA1311 DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS [3 1 0 4]

General Linear Higher order differential equations: First order and first degree differential

equation. Linear homogeneous and non-homogeneous equations with constant coefficients,

inverse differential operators and method of variation of parameters.Solution of Cauchy’s

homogeneous linear equations, solution of simple simultaneous linear differential

equations.Linear equations and equations reducible to linear form. First order higher degree

equations solvable for x, y, p. Clairaut's form and singular solutions. Orthogonal trajectories.Linear

differential equations with constant coefficients.Homogeneous linear ordinary differential

equations.Linear differential equations of second order.Transformation of the equation by

changing the dependent variable and the independent variable.

Text Books:

1. Simmons, Differential Equations, Tata McGraw-Hill Education, 2006.

2. B. S. Grewal, Higher Engineering Mathematics, Khanna Publishers, Delhi, 2006.

3. E. Kreyzig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Wiley Eastern, 2006.

References:

1. D.Murray, Introductory Course in Differential Equations for students in classical and

engineering colleges. Longmans, Green, 1898.

2. Boyce and Diprima, Elementary Differential Equations and Boundary Value Problems, Wiley,

9th Edition, 2008.

MA1319 SOLID GEOMETRY [3 1 0 4]

Conics: Tracing of conics. Tangent at any point to the conic, chord of contact, pole of line to the

conic, director circle of conic. System of conics. Confocal conics. Polar equation of a conic,

tangent and normal to the conic.

Sphere: Equation of sphere, Tangent plane, Plane of contact and polar plane, Intersection of two

spheres, radical plane, Coaxial spheres, Conjugate systems. Cone: Equation of a cone, Intersection

of cone with a plane and a line, Enveloping cone, Right circular cone. Cylinder: Right circular

cylinder and enveloping cylinder.

Central Conicoids: Equation of tangent plane. Director sphere. Normal to the conicoids. Polar

plane of a point. Enveloping cone of a coincoid. Enveloping cylinder of a coincoid. Ellipsoids,

Hyperboloid of one and two sheet.

Paraboloids: Circular section, Plane sections of conicoids. Generating lines. Confocal conicoids.

Reduction of second degree equations.

Text Books

1. Shanti Narayan, P. K. Mittal, Analytical Geometry, S. Chand, 2010.

2. R. J. T. Bell, Elementary Treatise on Coordinary Geometry of Three Dimensions, MacMillan

India Ltd. 1994.

3. P. K. Jain and Khalil Ahmad: A Textbook of Analytical Geometry of Three Dimensions, Wiley

Eastern Ltd. 1999.

Reference Books:

S. L. Loney, Elements of Coordinate Geometry, Scholarly Publishing Office, University of

Michigan Library, 2005.

P.C. Golas, O. P. Tandon, S. L. Bhargava, Analytical Solid Geometry, Jaipur Pub. House, 2008

MA1417 LINEAR PROGRAMMING AND VECTOR CALCULUS [3 1 0 4]

Introduction: Mathematical formulation, Graphical method of solution, Theory and application

of the simplex method, Charne’s M-technique, two phase method. Duality: Primal, Dual, Dual

programming problem, Fundamental theorem of duality with proof. Transportation Problems:

North-west corner rule, Matrix-minima method, Vogel’s approximation method, MODI method

for optimal solution. Assignment Problems: Hungarian method, Travelling salesman problem.

Vector Calculus: Differentiation. Gradient, Divergence and curl, line integral, surface integral,

and volume integral. Green, Gauss and Stokes Theorems (without proof) and their applications.

Text Books:

G. Hadley, Linear Programming, Narosa Publishing House, 1995.

R. K. Gupta, Linear Programming, Krishna Prakashan, 2010.

Shanti Narayan, P. K. Mittal, A Textbook of Vector Analysis, S. Chand & Co., 2013.

Reference Books:

1. S. I. Gass, Linear Programming: Methods and Applications, McGraw Hill, New York, 1985.

2. S. D. Sharma, Operation Research, Kedarnath and Ram Nath Publication, 2006.

3. Hamdy A. Taha, Operations Research: An Introduction, PHI, 2006.

4. J. E. Marsden, A. Tromba, Vector Calculus, W. H. Freeman, 2003.

MA1412 DYNAMICS [3 1 0 4]

Kinematics: Radial, Transverse, tangential, normal velocities and accelerations, simple harmonic

motion; Repulsion from a fixed pint, Motion under inverse square, Law, Hooke’s law, Horizontal

and vertical elastic strings. Motion of a projectile on an inclined plane. Work energy and impulse,

conservation of li near momentum, uniform circular motion, motion on a smooth curve in a

vertical plane, motion on the inside of a smooth vertical circle, Cycloidal motion, Motion in the

resisting medium: Resistance varies as velocity and acquire of velocity. Central forces.Stability

of nearly circular orbits.Motion under the inverse square law.Kepler’s laws.Time of describing an

arc and area of any orbit.Slightly disturbed orbits.Tangential and normal accelerations.Motion of

a particle on a smooth curve.Principle of conservation of energy.

References:

1. A. S.Ramsey,Dynamics (Part I)., The English Language Book Society and Cambridge

University Press, 1962.

2. J.Kar, M.t Hydrostatics. , Globe Library, 2nd Edition, 1957.

3. W. H.Besant, A. S.Ramsey, A Treatise on Hydromechanics (Part I). , G. Bell and Sons, Ltd,

London, 1960.

MA1511 REAL ANALYSIS [3 1 0 4]

Real Numbers: Real numbers as a complete ordered field. Limit point, Bolzano Weierstrass

theorem, closed and open sets, union and intersection of such sets, concept of compactness, Heine

Borel theorem, connected sets. Real Sequences, Limit and convergence of a sequence, monotonic

sequences, Cauchy’s sequence, subsequence, Cauchy’s general principle of convergence.

Improper integrals Convergence of improper integrals and their properties, convergence of Beta

and Gamma functions. Differentiation and integration of a function under the sign of

integral.Infinite Series: Definition regarding convergence, divergence of infinite series. Tests:

Comparison test, ratio test, Cauchy’s root test, Raabe’s test, logarithmic test, integral test,

Cauchy’s condensation test, Gauss’s test, with proofs, alternating series, Leibnitz’s theorem,

absolute and conditional convergence. Taylor’s and Maclaurin’s expansion of functions.

Text Books:

1. Walter Rudin, Principles of Mathematical Analysis, McGraw-Hill, 1976

2 S.Shastri, Real Analysis, Springer, 2010

3. Shanti Narayan,Elements of Real Analysis, S. Chand Limited, 2003

References:

A. N.Kolmogorov, and S. V.Fomin, Elements of the Theory of Functions and Functional Analysis,

Vol 1, Dover,New York, 1961.

MA1512 NUMERICAL ANALYSIS [3 1 0 4]

Finite Differences and Interpolation: Difference operators and relations between them, Newton’s

formulae for forward and backward interpolation, Newton’s divided difference formula,

Lagrange’s interpolation formula. Gauss’s, Stirling’s and Bessel’s interpolation formulae.

Numerical Differentiation. Numerical Integration: Newton–Cote’s formula, Trapezoidal rule,

Simpson’s one-third rule, Simpson’s three–eighth rule, Weddle rule and Gauss’s quadrature

formulae. Numerical Solution of Algebraic and Transcendental Equations: Bisection method,

Regula Falsi method, Secant method, Method of iteration, Newton Raphson Method. Solution of

system of linear equations: Gauss elimination method, Gauss-Jordan method, Gauss-Jacobi

method, Gauss-Seidal method. Numerical Solution of Initial Value Problems: Picard’s Method,

Euler’s and modified Euler’s method, Runge-Kutta second and fourth order method.

Text Books:

1. G. Haribhaskaran, Numerical Methods, Laxmi Pub., 2008.

2. B. S. Grewal, Numerical Methods, Khanna Publishers, 2006.

3. J. L. Bansal, J. P. N. Ojha, Numerical Analysis, Jaipur Pub. House, 2008.

Reference Books:

Srimanta Pal, Numerical Methods, Oxford University Press, Delhi 2012.

S. S. Shastri, An Introductory Methods in Numerical Analysis, PHI, 2005.

M. K. Jain, S. R. K. Iyenger. R. K. Jain, Numerical Methods, New Age Int. Pub., 2015.

MA1611 COMPLEX ANALYSIS [3 1 0 4]

Calculas:Limits, Continuity, differentiability, Complex plane, connected and compact sets,

Statement of Jordan curve theorem. Extended complex plane, and stereographic projection.

Complex valued function, the extended plane. Analytic functions, CR equations (Cartesian and

polar form), Harmonic functions, construction of an analytic function, conformal mappings,

Bilinear transformation and its properties. Power series: absolute convergence, Cauchy

Hadamard theorem, radius of convergence, analyticity of sum function of a power series. Complex

integration, complex line integrals, Cauchy’s integral theorem, Indefinite integral, fundamental

theorem of Integral calculus for complex functions, Cauchy’s integral formula, Analyticity of the

derivative of analytic function, Liouville’s theorem, Poisson’s Integral formula, Morera’s theorem,

Taylor’s and Laurent’s series. Maximum modulus principle.Singularities, Brach points,

Meromorphic functions and Entire functions, Reimann’s theorem, Cauchy-Weierstrass theorem.

Text Book:

1. R.V. Churchill, J.W.Brown, Complex Variables and Applications, 5thedn., McGraw Hill Series,

2000.

References:

1. J. B. Conway, Functions of one complex variable, Springer International Student edition,

Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi, 2000.

MA1613 ALGEBRA [3 1 0 4]

Group: Algebraic structure, Definition of a group with examples and simple properties,

Subgroups, Cyclic groups, Permutation groups, Even and odd permutations, The alternating group

An, Cayley theorem, Coset decomposition, Lagrange’s theorem and its consequences, Fermat’s

and Euler’s theorems, Normal subgroups, Quotient groups, Homomorphism and Isomorphism,

The fundamental theorem of homomorphism.

Rings: Definition and properties of ring, integral domain and field.

Text Books:

1. Khanna and Bhambri, A course in Abstract Algebra, Vikas Publication House, 2015.

2. M. D. Raisinghania, Modern Algebra, S. Chand & Co., 2013.

3. A. R. Vashishtha, Modern Algebra, Krishna Prakashan, 2008.

Reference Books:

1. I. N. Herstein, Topics in Algebra, Wiley Eastern Ltd., New Delhi, 2006.

2. N. S. Gopalkrishnan, University Algebra, New Age Int. Pub., 2008.

3. S. M. Lane, G. Birkhoff, Algebra, AMS Chelsea Pub., 1988.

SYLLABUS

CHEMISTRY

[Ancillary Course]

CY 1111 ORGANIC CHEMISTRY-I [21 0 3]

Structure and Bonding: Hybridizations, bond lengths, bond angles, bond energy, resonance,

hyperconjugation, aromaticity, inductive,effects, hydrogen bonding; Mechanism of Organic

reactions: Homolytic and heterolysis bond breaking, electrophiles and nucleophiles, reactive

intermediates-carbocation, carbanion, free radicals and carbines, methods of determination of

reaction mechanism; Stereochemistry of organic compounds: Concept of isomerism, elements

of symmetry, molecular chirality, enantiomers, stereogenic centers, optical activity, chiral and

achiral molecules, resolution of enantiomers, relative and absolute configurations, D&L and R&S

and E&Z systems, geometrical isomerism in alicyclic compounds, conformational analysis of

ethane and n-butane, conformations of cyclohexane, Newman projection and Saw Horse formula,

Fischer and Flying wedge formula; Alkanes and Cycloalkanes: Nomenclature, physical

properties and methods of preparation of alkanes and cycloalkanes, chemical reactions of alkanes

ans cycloalkanes, Bayer’s strain theory and its limitations, ring strain in cyclopropane and

cyclobutanes: Alkenes, cycloalkenes, Dienes and alkynes: Nomenclatures, methods of formation

and chemical reactions of alkenes, cycloalkenes, dienes and alkynes.

Text Books:

1. G.W. Solomn,B. F Craig, Organic Chemistry, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.,2010.

2. I.L.Finar, Organic Chemistry, Vol-1, Pearson Education, 2003.

3. R.T.Morrision, N. Boyd, Organic Chemistry, Prentice-Hall, 2010.

References:

1. J.March. Advanced organic chemistry, Reaction Mechanism and structure, John Wiley,

2009.

2. P.S. Kalsi, Stereochemistry of organic compounds, New Age International, 2011.

CY 1130 CHEMISTRY LABORATORY-I [0 0 42]

Macro/semi-micro analysis-cation analysis, separation of ions from group I-VI, anion analysis;

Physical Chemistry: Calibration of thermometer, determination of melting point, determination

of boiling point, determination of mixed melting point, preparation of solutions of various

concentrations, NaOH and HCl; Organic Chemistry: distillation, crystallization, decolorization

andcrystallization using charcoal, sublimation.

Text Books:

1. J. Bassett, R.C. Danney G.H. Jeffery andJ. Mendham, Vogel Textbook of Quantative

Inorganic Analysis, ELBS Publication, 2009.

2. B. S. Furniss, A. J, Hannaford, V. Rogers, P. W. G. Smith, A. R. Tatchell, Vogel Text

Book of Practical Organic Chemistry, ELBS Publication, 2009.

CY1211 INORGANIC CHEMISTRY-I [21 0 3]

Atomic Structure: Heisenberg uncertainty principle, Aufbau and Pauli exclusion principles,

Hund’s multiplicity rules; Periodic Properties: Atomic and ionic radii, ionization energy, electron

affinity and electronegativity; Chemical bonding-I: Valence bond theory and its limitations,

hybridization and shapes of simple molecules and ions. Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion

(VSEPR) theory,molecular Orbital theory, dipole moment and electronegativity, hydrogen

bonding, vander Waals forces; Ionic solids: Ionic structures, coordination number, lattice defects,

semiconductors, lattice energy and Born-Haber cycle, solvation energy and solubility of ionic

solids, Fagan’s rule; S-Block Elements: Diagonal relationships, salient features of hydrides,

solvation and complexion tendencies including their function in bio systems.

Text Books:

1. J. D.Lee, Concise Inorganic Chemistry, ELBS Publication, 2010.

2. W. U.Malik, R. D. Tuli, G. D.Madan, Selected Topics in Inorganic Chemistry, S. Chand

Group Company, 2010.

References:

1. F.A. Cotton, G.Wilkinson, Advanced Inorganic Chemistry, John Wiley, 2010.

2. J. E.Huhey, Inorganic chemistry: principles of structure and reactivity. Harper and Row,

2010.

CY 1230 CHEMISTRY LABORATORY-II [0 0 3 1]

Detection of elements (N, S and halogens), Functional groups (phenolic, carboxylic, carbonyl,

esters, carbohydrates, amines, amides,nitro and aniline) in simple organic compounds, to

determine the velocity constant (specific reaction rate) of hydrolysis of methyl acetate/ethyl acetate

catalyzed by hydrogen ions at room temperature, to study the effect of acid strength on the

hydrolysis of an ester, to compare the strength of HCl and H2SO4 by studying the kinetics of

hydrolysis of ester, to study kinetically the reaction rate of decomposition of iodide by H2SO4,

Determination of surface tension/percentage composition of given organic mixture usingsurface

tension method, Determination of viscosity / percentage composition of given organic mixture

using viscosity method, Separation of cations by paper chromatography, Preparation of ferrous

alum.

Text Books:

1. J. Bassett, R.C. Danney, G.H.Jeffery, J. Mendham, Vogel Textbook of Quantitative

Inorganic Analysis, ELBS, 2009.

2. B. S. Furniss, A. J. Hannaford, V. Rogers, P.W.G. Smith, A. R. Tatchell, Vogel Text Book

of Practical Organic Chemistry, ELBS Publication, 2009.

CY 1311 PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY-I [21 0 3]

Gaseous States: Postulates of kinetic theory of gases, deviation from ideal behavior, van der

Waals equation of State; Critical phenomenon, root mean square, average and most probable

velocities, qualitative discussion of the Maxwell’s distribution of molecular velocities, collision

numbers, mean free path and collision diameter; Liquid State: Intermolecular forces, structure of

liquids, difference between liquid crystal, solid and liquid; Colloidal State: Definition,

classification, solids in liquids, Hardy-Schulz law, gold number, emulsions, types of emulsions,

preparation emulsifier liquids in solids (gels): classification, preparation and properties, inhibition,

genera applications of colloids; Solid State: Definition of space lattice, unit cell, laws of

crystallography: law of constancy of interfacial angles, law of rationality of indices, laws of

symmetry, symmetry elements in crystals; Thermodynamics–I: Definition of thermodynamic

different terms,types of systems, intensive and extensive properties,state and path functions and

their differentials, cthermodynamic process, Concept of heat and work. First and second law of

Thermodynamics; Thermo dynamics-II: Concept of entropy, Third Law of thermodynamics:

Nernst heat theorem, statement and concept of residual entropy, evaluation of absolute entropy

from heat capacity data, Thermodynamics-III: Gibbs and Helmholtz functions; Gibbs function (G)

and Helmholtz function (A) as thermodynamic quantities, Gas criteria for thermodynamic

equilibrium and spontaneity, their advantage over entropy change, Variation of G and A with P, V

and T; Thermochemistry: standard state, standard enthalpy of formation- Hess’s Law of heat

summation and its applications, Heat of reaction at constant pressure and at constant

volume,enthalpy of neutralization, bond dissociation energy and its calculation from thermo-

chemical data, temperature dependence of enthalpy, Kirchhoff’s equation.

Text Books:

1. P. Atkins, J.Depaula, Atkins’s Physical Chemistry, Oxford University Press, NY, 2004.

2. B.R.Puri, L.R. Sharma, M.S.Pathania, Principal of Physical Chemistry, Vishal Publication

Jalandhar, 2010.

References:

1. G.M. Barrow, Physical Chemistry (special Indian Edition), Tata Mcgraw Hill Education

Private Limited, 2011.

2. D. A. McQuarria. J. D. Simon, Physical Chemistry: A molecular Approach, Viva books,

2010.

Documents

Manipal University Jaipur Jaipur 303007 B.Sc. (Hons ......B.Sc. (Hons.) programme is proposed to be offered in MUJ from academic session 2018-19. Objective: Knowledge is expanding