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Manmohan Singh
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Jump to: navigation,searchThis article is about the Prime
Minister of India. For the film director andcinematographer,
seeManmohan Singh (director).
Manmohan Singh
Prime Minister of India
Incumbent
Assumed office
22 May 2004
PresidentAbdul KalamPratibha Patil
Preceded by Atal Bihari Vajpayee
Minister of External Affairs of India
In office
6 November 2005 24 October 2006Preceded by Natwar Singh
Succeeded by Pranab Mukherjee
Minister of Finance of India
In office
30 November 2008 24 January 2009
Preceded by Palaniappan Chidambaram
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Succeeded by Pranab Mukherjee
In office
21 June 1991 16 May 1996
Prime Minister Narasimha Rao
Preceded by Madhu Dandavate
Succeeded by Jaswant Singh
Deputy Chairperson of the Planning Commission
of India
In office
15 January 1985 31 August 1987
Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi
Preceded by Narasimha Rao
Succeeded by Shiv Shankar
Governor of the Reserve Bank of India
In office
15 September 1982 15 January 1985Preceded by Indraprasad
Gordhanbhai Patel
Succeeded by Amitav Ghosh
Born26 September 1932 (age 77)Gah, British India
Political party UPA-INC
Spouse(s) Gursharan Kaur
Children
Upinder SinghDaman SinghAmrit Singh
Residence
7 Race Course Road,New Delhi,
India
Alma mater
Panjab University, ChandigarhSt John's College,
CambridgeNuffield College, Oxford
Profession Economist
Religion Sikhism
Signature
Manmohan Singh (Punjabi: ,Hindi:, born 26 September 1932)is the
14th and current Prime MinisterofIndia. He is the first person
ofSikhfaith to holdthe office. An economist by profession, Singh
was the Governor of theReserve Bank ofIndia from 1982 to 1985, the
Deputy Chairman of the Planning Commission of Indiafrom 1985 to
1987 and the Finance Minister of India from 1991 to 1996. He is
also aRajya Sabha member from Assam, currently serving his 4th
term.
Singh is a graduate ofPanjab University, the University of
Cambridge, and theUniversity of Oxford. After serving as the
Governor of the Reserve Bank of India and theDeputy Chairman of the
Planning Commission of India, Singh was appointed as theUnion
Minister of Finance in 1991 by then-Prime MinisterNarasimha Rao.
During his
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tenure as the Finance Minister, Singh was widely credited for
carrying outeconomicreforms in Indiain 1991 which resulted in the
end of the infamousLicence Rajsystem.[1]
Following the 2004 general elections, Singh was unexpectedly
declared as the PrimeMinisterial candidate of the Indian National
Congress-ledUnited Progressive Alliance.
He was sworn in as the prime minister on May 22, 2004, along
with the First ManmohanSingh Cabinet. During its five year term,
Singh's administration largely focused onreducing government fiscal
deficit, providing debt relief to poor farmers and
advancingpro-industry economic and tax policies.
After the Indian National Congress won the 2009 general
elections, Singh wasreappointed as the Prime Minister of India on
May 22, 2009, making him the first IndianPrime Minister since
Jawaharlal Nehruto return to power after completing a full
five-year term.
Contents
[hide]
1 Childhood and education 2 Early career
o 2.1 Finance Minister of India
o 2.2 Career in the Rajya Sabha
3 Prime ministershipo 3.1 14th Lok Sabha
3.1.1 Foreign policy 3.1.2 Economic policy 3.1.3 Healthcare and
education 3.1.4 Security and Home Affairs 3.1.5 Legislation 3.1.6
Criticism
o 3.2 15th Lok Sabha
4 Personal life 5 Degrees and posts held 6 See also 7
References
8 External links
[edit] Childhood and education
Manmohan Singh was born to Gurmukh Singh and Amrit Kaur on 26
September 1932, inGah, Punjab, (now in Chakwal District, Pakistan)
into a Sikh family. He lost his motherwhen he was very young, and
he was raised by his paternal grandmother, to whom hewas very
close. He was a hard working student who studied by candlelight, as
his village
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did not have electricity. After the Partition of India, he
migrated toAmritsar. He attendedPanjab University,
Chandigarhstudying Economics and attaining his bachelor's
andmaster's degrees in 1952 and 1954 respectively, standing first
throughout his academiccareer. He went on to read for the Economics
Tripos atCambridge University as amember ofSt John's College. (In
the Oxbridge tradition, holders of the BA degree with
honours are entitled in due course to an MA degree.) He won the
Wright's Prize fordistinguished performance in 1955 and 1957. He
was also one of the few recipients of theWrenbury scholarship. In
1962, Singh completed his DPhilfrom the University ofOxford where
he was a member ofNuffield College. The title of his doctoral
thesis was"Indias export performance, 1951-1960, export prospects
and policy implications", andhis thesis supervisor was Dr I M D
Little. From this thesis he published the book "IndiasExport Trends
and Prospects for Self-Sustained Growth".[2]
In 1997, the University of Albertapresented him with an Honorary
Doctor of Laws. TheUniversity of Oxford awarded him an
honoraryDoctor of Civil Law degree in June 2006,and in October
2006, the University of Cambridge followed with the same honour.
St.
John's College further honored him by naming a PhDScholarship
after him, the DrManmohan Singh Scholarship.
[edit] Early career
After completing his D.Phil, Singh worked for UNCTAD (19661969).
During the1970s, he taught at the University of Delhi and worked
for the Ministry of Foreign Tradewith then Cabinet Minister for
Foreign Trade Lalit Narayan Mishra and for FinanceMinistry of
India. In 1982, he was appointed the Governor of theReserve Bank of
Indiaand held the post until 1985. He went on to become the deputy
chairman of the PlanningCommission of India from 1985 to 1987.
[edit] Finance Minister of India
In 1991, India's then-Prime Minister,P.V. Narasimha Rao, chose
Singh to be the FinanceMinister. At the time, India was facing an
economic crisis. Rao and Singh implementedpolicies to open up the
economy and change thesocialist economic system to
acapitalisteconomy. The economic reform package included
dismantling License Rajthat made itdifficult for private businesses
to exist and prosper, removal of many obstacles forForeign Direct
Investment (FDI) and initiating the process of theprivatization
ofpublicsectorcompanies. These economic reforms are credited with
bringing high levels ofeconomic growth in India, and changing the
annual 3%, to an average of 89% economic
growth in the following years. However, in spite of these
reforms, Rao's government wasvoted out in 1996 due to
non-performance of government in other areas.
[edit] Career in the Rajya Sabha
Singh was first elected to the upper house of Parliament, the
Rajya Sabha, in 1991[3] andwas re-elected in 2001 and 2007. From
1998 to 2004, while the Bharatiya Janata Party
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was in power, Singh was the Leader of the Opposition in the
Rajya Sabha. In 1999, heran for the Lok Sabha from South Delhi but
was unable to win the seat.
[edit] Prime ministership
[edit] 14th Lok Sabha
A renowned economist,[4] Singh is also regarded as one of the
"greatest statesmen in
Asian history".[5]
Shown here are BRIC leaders in 2008 Manmohan Singh,
DmitryMedvedev, Hu Jintao andLuiz Incio Lula da Silva
After the 2004 general elections, the Indian National Congress
stunned the incumbentNational Democratic Alliance (NDA) by becoming
the political party with the singlelargest number of seats in the
Lok Sabha. In a surprise move,United Progressive Alliance(UPA)
Chairperson Sonia Gandhideclared Manmohan Singh, a technocrat, as
the UPAcandidate for the Prime Minister post. Despite the fact that
Singh had never won a LokSabha seat, his considerable goodwill and
Sonia Gandhi's nomination won him thesupport of the UPA allies and
the Left Front. He took the oath as the Prime Minister ofIndia on
May 22, 2004, becoming the first person of Sikh faith and the first
non-Hindu to
hold the office in predominantly Hindu-majority India.
During his tenure, Singh's administration has focused on
reducing the fiscal deficit,providing debt relief to poor farmers,
extending social programs and advancing the pro-industry economic
and tax policies that have launched the country on a major
economicexpansion course since 2002. However, his government has
been criticized for notcarrying forward the momentum in economic
reforms.[6]
[edit] Foreign policy
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Prime MinisterManmohan Singh with the Russian President Dmitry
Medvedev at the34th G8 Summit.
Manmohan Singh's Government has continued thepragmatic foreign
policy that was
started by P.V. Narasimha Rao and continued by BJP'sAtal Bihari
Vajpayee. The PrimeMinister has continued thepeace process with
Pakistan initiated by his predecessor, AtalBihari Vajpayee.
Exchange of high-level visits by top leaders from both countries
havehighlighted his tenure, as has reduced terrorism and increased
prosperity in the state ofKashmir. Efforts have been made during
Singh's tenure to end the border dispute withPeople's Republic of
China. In November 2006, Chinese PresidentHu Jintao visited
Indiawhich was followed by Singh's visit to Beijing in January
2008. A major development inSino-Indian relations was the reopening
of theNathula Passin 2006 after being closed formore than four
decades. In 2007, the People's Republic of China became the biggest
tradepartner ofIndia, with bilateral trade expected to surpass
US$60 billion by 2010.However, there is a growing trade
imbalance.Relations with Afghanistan have also
improved considerably, with India now becoming the largest
regional donor toAfghanistan.[7] During Afghan PresidentHamid
Karzai's visit to New Delhi in August2008, Manmohan Singh increased
the aid package to Afghanistan for the development ofmore schools,
health clinics, infrastructure, and defense.
Singh's government has worked towards strongerties with the
United States. He visitedthe United States in July 2005 initiating
negotiations over the Indo-US civilian nuclearagreement. This was
followed byGeorge W. Bush's successful visit to India in March2006,
during which the declaration over the nuclear agreement was made,
giving Indiaaccess to American nuclear fuel and technology while
India will have to allowIAEAinspection of its civil nuclear
reactors. After more than two years for more negotiations,
followed by approval from the IAEA,Nuclear Suppliers Groupand
the US Congress,India and the U.S. signed the agreement on 10
October 2008.[8]
Manmohan Singh talks with American PresidentBarack Obamaduring
the 2009 G-20Pittsburgh summit at the Phipps Conservatory &
Botanical Gardens.
During Singh's tenure as Prime Minister, relations have improved
withJapan andEuropean Union countries, like the United Kingdom,
France, and Germany. Relationswith Iran have continued and
negotiations over the Iran-Pakistan-India gas pipeline have
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taken place. New Delhi hosted an IndiaAfrica Summit in April
2006 which was attendedby the leaders of 15 African states.[9]
Relations, have improved with other developingcountries,
particularly Brazil and South Africa. Singh carried forward the
momentumwhich was established after the "Brasilia Declaration" in
2003 and theIBSA DialogueForum was formed.[10]
Manmohan Singh's government has also been especially keen
onexpanding ties withIsrael. Since 2003, the two countries have
made significant investments in each other[11]
and Israel now rivals Russiato become India's defense
partner.[12] Though there havebeen a few diplomatic glitches
between India and Russia, especially over the delay andprice hike
of several Russian weapons to be delivered to India,[13] relations
between thetwo remain strong with India and Russia signing various
agreements to increase defense,nuclear energy and space
cooperation.[14]
[edit] Economic policy
Dr. Singh, along with the former Finance Minister, P.
Chidambaram, have presided overa period where the Indian economy
has grown with an 89% economic growth rate. In2007, India achieved
its highest GDP growth rate of 9% and became the second
fastestgrowing major economy in the world.[15][16]
Singh's government has continued the Golden Quadrilateral and
the highwaymodernization program that was initiated by Vajpayee's
government. Singh has also beenworking on reforming thebankingand
financial sectors and has been working towardsreformingpublic
sectorcompanies. The Finance ministry has been working
towardsrelieving farmers of their debt and has been working towards
pro-industry policies. In2005, Singh's government introduced the
VAT tax that replaced the complicatedsales
tax. In 2007 and early 2008, inflation became a big problem
globally
[17]
.
[edit] Healthcare and education
Manmohan Singh with Indian delegation at the 33rd G8 summit in
Heiligendamm.
In 2005, Prime Minister Singh and his government's health
ministry started the NationalRural Health Mission, which has
mobilized half a million community health workers.This rural health
initiative, was praised by the prominent American economist,
JeffreySachs, in an article, in Time magazine.
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Dr. Singh has announced that eight more Indian Institutes of
Technologywill be openedin the states ofAndhra Pradesh,
Bihar,Gujarat,Orissa, Punjab,Madhya Pradesh andHimachal Pradesh.
The Singh government has also continued the Sarva Shiksha
Abhiyanprogramme, begun by his predecessor, Mr. Vajpayee. The
programme has included theintroduction and improvement of mid-day
meals and the opening of schools all over
India, especially in rural areas, to fight illiteracy. The
ancientNalanda University shall berestarted in Bihar.
[edit] Security and Home Affairs
Dr. Singh's government has been criticised by opposition parties
for revoking POTA andfor the many bomb blasts in various cities,
like in Mumbai, Bangalore,Hyderabad,Ahmedabad, Delhi, Jaipur, etc.
and for not being able to reduce the Naxal terrorism thatis
menacing rural areas in Eastern and Central India. Singh's
government has, however,extended the ban on the radical Islamic
terror groupStudent's Islamic Movement of India(SIMI). Terrorism in
Kashmir has, however, reduced significantly during the Singh
administration.
[edit] Legislation
The importantNREGA act and theRTI act were passed by the
Parliament in 2005 duringhis tenure. While the effectiveness of the
NREGA has been successful at various degrees,in various regions,
the RTI act has proved crucial in India's fight against
corruption.
[edit] Criticism
See also: 2008 Lok Sabha vote of confidence andNotes-for-Vote
scandal
Manmohan Singh received strong criticism from India's Communist
Parties for his role inthe implementation of the Indo-US civilian
nuclear agreement. Shown here areManmohan Singh and 43rd President
of the United StatesGeorge W. Bush exchanginghandshakes in New
Delhi in 2006.
Some opposition parties have criticized Singh's election as
aRajya Sabha member fromAssam, arguing that he was not eligible to
become aMember of Parliamentfrom a statewhere he does not
reside.[citation needed]
Manmohan Singh has been criticized by the Leader of Opposition
and prominent memberof the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), Lal
Krishna Advani, for being the "weakest PrimeMinister until
now".[18] Opposition parties in India, particularly the BJP, allege
that Sonia
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Gandhi, the current Chairperson of the United Progressive
Alliance, enjoys greater say ingovernment affairs than the Prime
Minister. Manmohan Singh and government officialshave strongly
rebuked the charge.[19][20]
Dr. Singh is also the only Indian Prime Minister to have never
won aLok Sabhaelection.
On 22 July 2008, theUnited Progressive Alliance (UPA) faced its
first confidence vote inthe Lok Sabha after the Communist Party of
India (Marxist)led Left Front withdrewsupport from the government
over India approaching the IAEA forIndo-US nuclear deal.The
President had asked Prime Minister Manmohan Singh to prove the
majority. TheUPA won the trust vote with 275256, after two days of
debate and deliberations. Thevote was delayed by one hour due to
allegations from the opposition BJP party thatcertain coalition
allies of the government had bribed certain opposition
parliamentariansto abstain from the confidence vote.
[edit] 15th Lok Sabha
India held general elections to the 15th Lok Sabha in five
phases between 16 April 2009and 13 May 2009. The results of the
election were announced on 16 May 2009 [21]. Strongshowing in
Andhra Pradesh, Rajasthan,Maharashtra,Tamil Nadu, Kerala, West
BengalandUttar Pradesh helped the United Progressive Alliance (UPA)
form the newgovernment under the incumbent Singh, who became the
first prime minister sinceJawaharlal Nehruin 1962 to win
re-election after completing a full five-year term.[22]TheCongress
and its allies was able to put together a comfortable majority with
support from322 members out of 543 members of the House. The
oppossition having accepted defeatadmitted that the specific
targeting of Singh as "weak PM" was wrong and had benefitedSingh
instead.This lead to infighting in the BJP and criticism of
Mr.Advani by many
prominent leaders of the BJP.[23]
. The tally of 322 seats included those of the UPA and
theexternal support from the Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP),Samajwadi
Party (SP),Janata Dal(Secular) (JD(S)), Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD)
and other minor parties.[24]
On 22 May 2009, Manmohan Singh was sworn in as the Prime
Minister at the AsokaHall ofRashtrapati Bhavan. As is the norm,
earlier, on 18 May 2009, he submitted hisresignation as the Prime
Minister to PresidentPratibha Patil.[25][26]
[edit] Personal life
Singh marriedGursharan Kaurin 1958. However, the family has
largely stayed out of the
limelight. Their three daughters - Upinder, Daman and Amrit,
have successful, non-political, careers.[27]Upinder Singhis a
professor of history at Delhi University. She haswritten six books,
includingAncient Delhi (1999) andA History of Ancient and
EarlyMedieval India (2008).[28] Daman Singh is a graduate ofSt.
Stephen's College, Delhi andInstitute of Rural Management, Anand,
Gujarat, and author ofThe Last Frontier: Peopleand Forests in
Mizoram and a novelNine by Nine.[29]Amrit Singh is a staff attorney
atthe ACLU.[30]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonia_Gandhihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Progressive_Alliancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manmohan_Singh#cite_note-18%23cite_note-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manmohan_Singh#cite_note-19%23cite_note-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lok_Sabhahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lok_Sabhahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lok_Sabhahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Progressive_Alliancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Progressive_Alliancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Left_Fronthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IAEAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indo-US_nuclear_dealhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manmohan_Singh&action=edit§ion=13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manmohan_Singh#cite_note-20%23cite_note-20http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andhra_Pradeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajasthanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajasthanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maharashtrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maharashtrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamil_Naduhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keralahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Bengalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uttar_Pradeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uttar_Pradeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Progressive_Alliancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehruhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehruhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_general_election,_1962http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manmohan_Singh#cite_note-21%23cite_note-21http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manmohan_Singh#cite_note-21%23cite_note-21http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manmohan_Singh#cite_note-21%23cite_note-21http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manmohan_Singh#cite_note-22%23cite_note-22http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahujan_Samaj_Partyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samajwadi_Partyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samajwadi_Partyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janata_Dal_(Secular)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janata_Dal_(Secular)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janata_Dal_(Secular)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rashtriya_Janata_Dalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manmohan_Singh#cite_note-23%23cite_note-23http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Asoka_Hall&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Asoka_Hall&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rashtrapati_Bhavanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pratibha_Patilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pratibha_Patilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manmohan_Singh#cite_note-24%23cite_note-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manmohan_Singh#cite_note-25%23cite_note-25http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manmohan_Singh&action=edit§ion=14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gursharan_Kaurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gursharan_Kaurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manmohan_Singh#cite_note-26%23cite_note-26http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upinder_Singhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upinder_Singhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delhi_Universityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manmohan_Singh#cite_note-27%23cite_note-27http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Stephen's_Collegehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institute_of_Rural_Management,_Anandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manmohan_Singh#cite_note-28%23cite_note-28http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manmohan_Singh#cite_note-28%23cite_note-28http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manmohan_Singh#cite_note-28%23cite_note-28http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amrit_Singhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Civil_Liberties_Unionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Civil_Liberties_Unionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manmohan_Singh#cite_note-29%23cite_note-29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonia_Gandhihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Progressive_Alliancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manmohan_Singh#cite_note-18%23cite_note-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manmohan_Singh#cite_note-19%23cite_note-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lok_Sabhahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Progressive_Alliancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Left_Fronthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IAEAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indo-US_nuclear_dealhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manmohan_Singh&action=edit§ion=13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manmohan_Singh#cite_note-20%23cite_note-20http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andhra_Pradeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajasthanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maharashtrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamil_Naduhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keralahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Bengalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uttar_Pradeshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Progressive_Alliancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehruhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_general_election,_1962http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manmohan_Singh#cite_note-21%23cite_note-21http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manmohan_Singh#cite_note-22%23cite_note-22http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahujan_Samaj_Partyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samajwadi_Partyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janata_Dal_(Secular)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janata_Dal_(Secular)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rashtriya_Janata_Dalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manmohan_Singh#cite_note-23%23cite_note-23http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Asoka_Hall&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Asoka_Hall&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rashtrapati_Bhavanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pratibha_Patilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manmohan_Singh#cite_note-24%23cite_note-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manmohan_Singh#cite_note-25%23cite_note-25http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manmohan_Singh&action=edit§ion=14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gursharan_Kaurhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manmohan_Singh#cite_note-26%23cite_note-26http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upinder_Singhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delhi_Universityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manmohan_Singh#cite_note-27%23cite_note-27http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Stephen's_Collegehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institute_of_Rural_Management,_Anandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manmohan_Singh#cite_note-28%23cite_note-28http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amrit_Singhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Civil_Liberties_Unionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manmohan_Singh#cite_note-29%23cite_note-29
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Singh has undergone multiple cardiac bypass surgeries, most
recently in January 2009.[31]
He resumed his duties on March 4, 2009.
[edit] Degrees and posts held
BA (Hons) in Economics 1952; MA First Class in Economics, 1954
PunjabUniversity, Chandigarh, India
First Class Honours degree in Economics, University of
Cambridge, St John'sCollege, Cambridge (1957)
o Senior Lecturer, Economics (19571959)
o Reader (19591963)
o Professor (19631965)
o Professor of International Trade (19691971)
DPhil in Economics,Nuffield College at University of
Oxford,(1962) Delhi School of Economics,University of Delhi
o Honorary Professor (1996)
Chief, Financing for Trade Section, UNCTAD,United Nations
Secretariat, NewYork
o 1966 : Economic Affairs Officer 1966
Economic Advisor, Ministry of Foreign Trade, India (19711972)
Chief Economic Advisor, Ministry of Finance, India, (19721976)
Honorary Professor, Jawaharlal Nehru University,New Delhi (1976)
Director, Reserve Bank of India (19761980) Director, Industrial
Development Bank of India (19761980) Secretary, Ministry of Finance
(Department of Economic Affairs), Government of
India, (19771980) Governor, Reserve Bank of India (19821985)
Deputy Chairman, Planning Commission of India, (19851987) Advisor
to Prime Minister of India on Economic Affairs (19901991) Finance
Minister of India, (21 June 1991 15 May 1996) Leader of the
Opposition in the Rajya Sabha (19982004) Prime Minister of India
(22 May 2004 Present)
[edit] See also
Dr Manmohan Singh Scholarship Economic reforms under Dr Manmohan
Singh
Rajya Sabha
Preceded byUnknown
Member for Assam
1991 presentIncumbent
Political offices
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manmohan_Singh#cite_note-30%23cite_note-30http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manmohan_Singh&action=edit§ion=15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panjab_University,_Chandigarhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panjab_University,_Chandigarhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chandigarhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Cambridgehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St_John's_College,_Cambridgehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St_John's_College,_Cambridgehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuffield_College,_Oxfordhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Oxfordhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delhi_School_of_Economicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delhi_School_of_Economicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Delhihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru_Universityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru_Universityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Delhihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reserve_Bank_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_Development_Bank_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opposition_(parliamentary)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajya_Sabhahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manmohan_Singh&action=edit§ion=16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dr_Manmohan_Singh_Scholarshiphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P._V._Narasimha_Rao#Economic_reformshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajya_Sabhahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manmohan_Singh#cite_note-30%23cite_note-30http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manmohan_Singh&action=edit§ion=15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panjab_University,_Chandigarhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panjab_University,_Chandigarhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chandigarhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Cambridgehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St_John's_College,_Cambridgehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St_John's_College,_Cambridgehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuffield_College,_Oxfordhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Oxfordhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delhi_School_of_Economicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Delhihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru_Universityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Delhihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reserve_Bank_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_Development_Bank_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opposition_(parliamentary)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajya_Sabhahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manmohan_Singh&action=edit§ion=16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dr_Manmohan_Singh_Scholarshiphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P._V._Narasimha_Rao#Economic_reformshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajya_Sabhahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assam
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Preceded byIndraprasad
Gordhanbhai Patel
Governor of the Reserve Bank of
India
1982 1985
Succeeded byAmitav Ghosh
Preceded by
Pamulaparthi VenkataNarasimha Rao
Deputy Chairperson of the
Planning Commission of India1985 1987
Succeeded byPunjala Shiv Shankar
Preceded byYashwant Sinha
Minister of Finance of India
1991 1996Succeeded by
Jaswant Singh
Preceded byAtal Bihari Vajpayee
Prime Minister of India
2004 present
IncumbentChairperson of the Planning
Commission of India
2004 present
Preceded byKunwar Natwar Singh
Minister of External Affairs of
India
2005 2006
Succeeded byPranab Mukherjee
Preceded byPalaniappan
Chidambaram
Minister of Finance of India
2008 2009Succeeded by
Pranab Mukherjee
[edit] References
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indraprasad_Gordhanbhai_Patelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indraprasad_Gordhanbhai_Patelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_the_Reserve_Bank_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_the_Reserve_Bank_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amitav_Ghosh_(banker)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P._V._Narasimha_Raohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P._V._Narasimha_Raohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_deputy_chairpersons_of_the_planning_commission_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_deputy_chairpersons_of_the_planning_commission_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P._Shiv_Shankarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yashwant_Sinhahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finance_Minister_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaswant_Singhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atal_Bihari_Vajpayeehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planning_Commission_(India)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planning_Commission_(India)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K._Natwar_Singhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/External_Affairs_Ministerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/External_Affairs_Ministerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pranab_Mukherjeehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P._Chidambaramhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P._Chidambaramhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finance_Minister_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pranab_Mukherjeehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manmohan_Singh&action=edit§ion=17http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indraprasad_Gordhanbhai_Patelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indraprasad_Gordhanbhai_Patelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_the_Reserve_Bank_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_the_Reserve_Bank_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amitav_Ghosh_(banker)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P._V._Narasimha_Raohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P._V._Narasimha_Raohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_deputy_chairpersons_of_the_planning_commission_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_deputy_chairpersons_of_the_planning_commission_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P._Shiv_Shankarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yashwant_Sinhahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finance_Minister_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaswant_Singhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atal_Bihari_Vajpayeehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planning_Commission_(India)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planning_Commission_(India)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K._Natwar_Singhhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/External_Affairs_Ministerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/External_Affairs_Ministerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pranab_Mukherjeehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P._Chidambaramhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P._Chidambaramhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finance_Minister_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pranab_Mukherjeehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manmohan_Singh&action=edit§ion=17
