Map ElementsMap Elements

Grid SystemGrid System

Latitude and LongitudeLatitude and Longitude►The earth is divided into The earth is divided into

imaginary lines called imaginary lines called latitudelatitude and and longitudelongitude..

LinesLines

►The lines measure distances in The lines measure distances in degrees.degrees.

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Latitude

Latitude LinesLatitude Lines►Also called parallels (same distance Also called parallels (same distance

apart and never cross each other)apart and never cross each other)

►Latitude lines run east and west. Latitude lines run east and west.

►Example: Equator 0Example: Equator 0˚̊

Latitude

Where is 0 degree?Where is 0 degree?

►The The equatorequator is 0 degree latitude. is 0 degree latitude. ►It is an imaginary belt that runs It is an imaginary belt that runs

halfway point between the North halfway point between the North Pole and the South Pole.Pole and the South Pole.

Equator

Longitude LinesLongitude Lines►Are not parallel; they meet at the Are not parallel; they meet at the

North and South PolesNorth and South Poles

►Longitude lines run north and south.Longitude lines run north and south.

►Example: Prime Meridian 0Example: Prime Meridian 0˚̊Lon

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Where is 0 degree?Where is 0 degree?

►The The prime meridianprime meridian is 0 is 0 degrees longitude. This degrees longitude. This imaginary line runs through imaginary line runs through the United Kingdom, France, the United Kingdom, France, Spain, western Africa, and Spain, western Africa, and Antarctica.Antarctica.

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MERIDIAN

Exact LocationExact Location►The point where the The point where the lines of lines of

latitude and longitude cross latitude and longitude cross each othereach other can be used to can be used to identify an identify an exact locationexact location. .

►Example: Example: 3030˚N and 90˚W =˚N and 90˚W = New OrleansNew Orleans

ScaleScale

►DistanceDistance is the space between is the space between two things or places.two things or places.

►Since maps are smaller than Since maps are smaller than the places they show, distances the places they show, distances on a map are different from on a map are different from what they are in reality.what they are in reality.

Scale

ScaleScale►Use Use directions to locatedirections to locate places on a places on a

map.map.

►Use a Use a map scalemap scale to to find distancesfind distances between places.between places.

►The measurement on a map scale can The measurement on a map scale can represent a different measurementrepresent a different measurement Example: 1 inch = 1 mileExample: 1 inch = 1 mile

Reading Map ScalesReading Map Scales

►Find the scaleFind the scale►Use a ruler or a piece of paper to measure Use a ruler or a piece of paper to measure

the distance between the two points.the distance between the two points.►Do the math! Do the math!

Example: scale 1 inch= 5 milesExample: scale 1 inch= 5 milesThe distance measured 2 inchesThe distance measured 2 inches5 miles x 2 inches = 10 miles5 miles x 2 inches = 10 miles

►Be sure to write down your measurement!Be sure to write down your measurement! Example: miles, feet, yardsExample: miles, feet, yards

Finding Map ScalesFinding Map Scales

►On globesOn globes

►On mapsOn maps

Time ZonesTime Zones

►The Earth is divided into 24 time The Earth is divided into 24 time zones, corresponding to 24 hours in a zones, corresponding to 24 hours in a day. day.

►As the earth rotates, the sun shines As the earth rotates, the sun shines in different areas, moving from east in different areas, moving from east to west during the course of a day. to west during the course of a day.

►Places that have the same Places that have the same longitudelongitude will be in the same time zone.will be in the same time zone.

Map LegendsMap Legends►The legend is the key to unlocking the The legend is the key to unlocking the

secrets of a map. Objects or colors in secrets of a map. Objects or colors in the legend represent something on the the legend represent something on the map. map.

Religions Legend

Can you understand this Can you understand this legend?legend?

Age ExpectancyAge Expectancy

Legend

Additional SourcesAdditional Sources

►Atlas - World (Holt, Rinehart and Atlas - World (Holt, Rinehart and Winston)Winston)

►Outline Map of US Outline Map of US ►Map Packet DownloadMap Packet Download►Maps.comMaps.com►National Geographic XpeditionsNational Geographic Xpeditions►Maps & GlobesMaps & Globes