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Map to Success:
Identifying Job Opportunities and Career Pathways
TEXAS
Job Shortages
Immigration in Texas
Potential Career Advancement
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MAP TO SUCCESS: IDENTIFYING JOB OPPORTUNITIES AND CAREER PATHWAYS
Immigration in Texas
The following are facts about the immigrant community in Texas:
Immigrants comprise roughly 17% of the state population and 21.6% of the Texas labor force
Top industries of immigrant employment:
o Construction, 467,292 workers
o Manufacturing, 343,237 workers
o Accommodation and Food Services, 342,030 workers
o Retail Trade, 324,093 workers
o Health Care and Social Assistance, 315,292 workers
Nearly 361,493 immigrant business owners account for 27.5% of all self-employed Texas
residents
35.8% of immigrants in Texas are naturalized and another 35% are undocumented
Top foreign-born countries of origin:
o Mexico, 55.1%
o India, 5%
o El Salvador, 4.3%
o Vietnam, 3.7%
o China, 2.3%
About 15% of native-born Texans are children of an immigrant
Educational attainment of foreign born adults in Texas:
o Low skill – 58.7%
o Middle skill – 15.9%
o High Skills – 25.4%
Share of Brain Waste* - 22%
* Share of immigrant professionals, who are unemployed, employed at poverty-level wages in low-skill
jobs, or significantly underemployed in semi-skilled jobs
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MAP TO SUCCESS: IDENTIFYING JOB OPPORTUNITIES AND CAREER PATHWAYS
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MAP TO SUCCESS: IDENTIFYING JOB OPPORTUNITIES AND CAREER PATHWAYS
Job Shortages
Rank Occupation
Average Annual Job Openings
2016-2026
Median Hourly Wage*
Typical Skill
Level Required
**
Typical Entry
Education Required
State Licensing Required
Potential Career
Advancement with License
or Certification
1. Combined Food Preparation and Serving Workers
81,410 $9.12 Low No formal education
60 days after hire
Yes
2. Retail
Salespersons 64,850 $10.72 Low
No formal education
No In specialty
retail – automotive
3. Cashiers 55,150 $9.67 Low No formal education
No Yes
4. Waiters and Waitresses
51,390 $9.21 Low No formal education
No Yes
5. General Office
Clerks 46,760 $15.64 Low
High school diploma or equivalent
No Yes
6. Personal Care
Aides 41,900 $9.02 Low
High school diploma or equivalent
No Yes
7. Customer Service Representatives
37,630 $15.06 Low High school diploma or equivalent
No Yes
8.
Manual Laborers and Freight, Stock, and
Material Movers
28,940 $12.33 Low No formal education
No Yes
9. Janitors and
Cleaners 27,570 $10.79 Low
No formal education
No Yes
10. Stock Clerks and
Order Fillers 24,770 $11.96 Low
High school diploma or equivalent
No Yes
*Texas Hourly Minimum Wage is $7.25 (Jan 2018) ** Skill level: Low – High school (HS) diploma or equivalent or less; Middle – More than HS diploma but less then bachelor’s degree; High – Bachelor’s degree or higher
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MAP TO SUCCESS: IDENTIFYING JOB OPPORTUNITIES AND CAREER PATHWAYS
Potential Career Advancement with License or Certification
1. Combined Food Preparation and Serving Workers
2. Retail Salesperson
1. Combined Food Preparation and Serving Workers
Job Description Perform duties which combine preparing and serving food and nonalcoholic beverages
Licensing/Certification Requirements Food Handler Certification – required by Texas law 60 days after hire and often required or
preferred by employers
o Certification program must be approved by Texas Department of State Health Services
or by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) and generally requires:
Training – approximately 2 hours
Exam – not required by law, but some training programs may require it
Fee – approximate cost of an online training course is $7.00
Renewal – every 2 years
For Immigrants
Requirements for immigrants are the same as native-born residents
Training and certification may be offered in a foreign language:
o Over 30 Texas approved classroom programs offer training and certification in a foreign
language including Spanish, Chinese, and Vietnamese
o Over 20 Texas approved online programs offer training in a foreign language including
Spanish, Mandarin, Korean, Arabic, Chinese, Vietnamese, Serbo-Croatian and Tagalog
o Some Texas employers offer private training and certification in Spanish including
Golden Coral, KFC, Albertson’s, Irving Independent School District, Fiesta Mart, Socorro,
Seller Bros, Food Town, and T&T Staff Management
Texas Food Handler Education or Training Program FAQs (Spanish)
Useful Resources Texas Food Handler Education or Training Program FAQs
Texas Department of State Health Services Approved Training Programs
o Approved classroom training programs
o Approved online training programs
o Approved private training programs
American National Standards Institute (ANSI) accredited online training programs
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MAP TO SUCCESS: IDENTIFYING JOB OPPORTUNITIES AND CAREER PATHWAYS
Potential Career Advancement:
Certified Food Protection Manager
Description Supervisory and management responsibility with authority to direct and control food
preparation and service
All permanent retail food established are required to employ at least one food protection
manager
A county with a population of at least four million may require a certified or trained food
manager to be on duty during the operating hours of a food establishment
Licensing/Certification Requirements Certified Food Protection Manager generally requires
o Completion of a nationally approved training program accredited by the American
National Standards Institute – Conference for Food Protection (ANSI-CFP)
Training - approximately 14 hours
Exam – may be taken in-person at an accredited training program or licensed
test site as well as online
Fee – approximate cost of an online training program and exam is $85.00 (exam
only $35.00)
Renewal - every 5 years
For Immigrants Requirements for immigrants are the same as native-born residents
Exam and training may be offered in a foreign language (For more information see following
section)
Useful Resources Classroom training programs
o Safe Food 4 U (Austin, TX)
o City of Beaumont Public Health Dept. Environmental Health Div (Beaumont, TX)
o G.O.D. Food Safety Services (Brownsville, TX)
o On-Site Services (Dallas, TX) – offered in Spanish
o Suzette Services (Little Elm, TX)
o Brookhaven College (Farmers Branch, TX) – offered in Spanish
o Northeast Texas Public Health District (Tyler, TX) – offered in Spanish
Online training programs
o Learn2Serve Food Protection Manager Certification Program - 360training.com, Inc.
o Certified Food Protection Manager (CFPM) Exam AboveTraining/StateFoodSafety.com
– offered in Spanish
o Food Protection Manager Certification Program or International Certified Food Safety
Manager - National Registry of Food Safety Professionals – offered in Spanish
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MAP TO SUCCESS: IDENTIFYING JOB OPPORTUNITIES AND CAREER PATHWAYS
o ServSafe Food Protection Manager Certification Program - National Restaurant
Association
o Food Protection Manager - Prometric Inc.
2. Retail Salesperson
Job Description Sell merchandise, such as furniture, motor vehicles, appliances, or apparel to consumers
o Retail Salespeople may specialize in the automotive industry, where there are promotion opportunities with specialized certifications
Potential Career Advancement:
Automotive Retail Salesperson
Job Description
Sell automotive merchandise, such as motor vehicles and parts to consumers
Licensing/Certification Requirements Automobile Service Consultant Certification (C1)
Parts Specialist Certification Tests: Medium/Heavy Truck Parts Specialist (P1), Automotive Parts
Specialist (P2), and General Motors Parts Consultant (P4)
Certifications are awarded by the National Institute for Automotive Service Excellence (ASE) are
valid for 5 years and require:
o passing a proctored test
o two years of service experience
o $36 registration fee and $41 test fee
For Immigrants ASE certification requires the last four digits of your social security number for identification.
Exams are only given in English
o If English is your second language, you may bring a bilingual dictionary to take the test
o ASE also offers a Spanish/English glossary of technical terms that can be accessed during
the test
Useful Resources Service Consultant Study Guide (C1)
Parts Specialist Study Guide (P1/P2/P4)
Spanish/English glossary of technical terms that can be accessed during the test
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MAP TO SUCCESS: IDENTIFYING JOB OPPORTUNITIES AND CAREER PATHWAYS
Official practice tests are $14.95 (not available for P1/P4 certifications)
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MAP TO SUCCESS: IDENTIFYING JOB OPPORTUNITIES AND CAREER PATHWAYS
Sources
Immigrants in Texas
American Immigration Council, “Immigrants in Texas”, State by State Fact Sheet, October 4, 2017
https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/research/immigrants-in-texas
Job Shortages
Projections Managing Partnership (PMP), Projections Central – State Occupational Projections, “Long
Term Occupational Projection (2016-2026),” http://www.projectionscentral.com/Projections/LongTerm
***2016-2026 statistics are not comparable to previous long term employment projections due to
modification of U.S. Bureau of Labor’s methodology
United States Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, May 2017 State Occupational
Employment and Wage Estimates (Texas);https://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes_tx.htm
National Council of State Legislatures, “State Minimum Wages”, January 2018,
http://www.ncsl.org/research/labor-and-employment/state-minimum-wage-chart.aspx#Table
United States Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections, “Education and
training assignments by detailed occupation,” 2016; https://www.bls.gov/emp/tables/education-and-
training-by-occupation.htm
Potential Career Advancement
Combined Food Preparation and Serving Workers
O*Net Database, “Summary Report for: 35-3021.00 - Combined Food Preparation and Serving Workers,
Including Fast Food”; https://www.onetonline.org/link/summary/35-3021.00
Texas Administrative Code, Title 25: Health Services, Part 1: Department of State Health Services,
Chapter 228: Retail Food, Subchapter B: Management and Personnel, Rule 228.33: “Certified Food
Protection Manager and Food Handler Requirements”;
https://texreg.sos.state.tx.us/public/readtac$ext.TacPage?sl=R&app=9&p_dir=&p_rloc=&p_tloc=&p_pl
oc=&pg=1&p_tac=&ti=25&pt=1&ch=228&rl=33
Texas Department of State Health Services, Regulatory Services, Food Handlers, “Frequently Asked
Questions – Food Handler Education or Training Programs”; https://dshs.texas.gov/food-
handlers/faq.aspx
Texas Department of State Health Services, Training Programs:
“Accredited Food Handler Classroom Training Programs”
http://www.dshs.texas.gov/food-handlers/training/classroom.aspx
“Accredited Food Handler Internet (Online) Training Programs”
http://www.dshs.texas.gov/food-handlers/training/online.aspx
“Accredited Private Food Handler Training Programs”
https://dshs.texas.gov/food-handlers/training/private.aspx
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MAP TO SUCCESS: IDENTIFYING JOB OPPORTUNITIES AND CAREER PATHWAYS
American National Standards Institute (ANSI), “Food Handler Training Certificate Program (Accredited)”;
https://www.ansi.org/Accreditation/credentialing/certificateissuers/AllDirectoryListing?prgID=237,238&
statusID=4
Texas Department of State Health Services, Regulatory Services, Food Managers, “Requirements for
Individuals Seeking Food Manager Certification”; http://www.dshs.texas.gov/food-
managers/certification.aspx
Texas Department of State Health Services, Regulatory Service, Food Managers,” Classroom Training
Programs - Certified Food Managers”;
http://www.dshs.texas.gov/foodmanagers/training/classroom.aspx
Retail Salesperson
O*Net Database, “Summary Report for: 41-2031.00 - Retail Salespersons”;
https://www.onetonline.org/link/summary/41-2031.00
National Institute for Automotive Service Excellence (ASE), Test Series, “Automobile Service Consultant
Certification Test (C1)”; http://www.ase.com/Tests/ASE-Certification-Tests/Test-Series.aspx
National Institute for Automotive Service Excellence (ASE), Register Now!, “ASE Certification Test
Registration”; https://www.ase.com/Tests/ASE-Certification-Tests/Register-Now.aspx
National Institute for Automotive Service Excellence (ASE), The Official ASE Study Guide, “ASE Parts
Specialist Tests”; http://www.ase.com/MediaLibrary/Images/PDF%20folder/Parts_Studyguide_2018.pdf
National Institute for Automotive Service Excellence (ASE), “ASE Glossary of Automotive Terminology
English/Spanish (Glosario de Terminología Automotriz de ASE Inglés/Español)”
http://www.ase.com/MediaLibrary/Images/ASE-Glossary---Test-Center-Version.pdf
National Institute for Automotive Service Excellence, Practice Tests and Certifications, “ASE Practice
Tests” http://web.ase.com/store/ProductList.asp?category=TESTS&class=115
