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Mapping New Zealand’s Broadband Infrastructure Sebastian Castro, NZRS Ltd APRICOT Auckland 2016
Some Background
2
February 22, 2016
• Formerly .nz Registry Services • Provider of: • critical Internet infrastructure, and; • authoritative Internet data
• Operate the .nz namespace • Registry functions • DNS operations
• Operate public services • NTP server network • RPKI validator • OpenPGP Key Server
NZRS
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Telecommunications in New Zealand
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February 22, 2016
NZ Broadband Penetration
5 Source: OECD Broadband Portal
Household sizes AUS = 2.7 NZ = 2.7 US = 2.6
February 22, 2016
• 2004 TelecomNZ launches first home DSL service 256Kbps 10GB cap.
• 2005 - Government mandates Telecom must wholesale an unbundled bitstream (not UCLL).
• 2006 Comprehensive review of telecommunications, unbundled local loop, structural separation of Telecom.
• 2008/2009 FTTH roll out announced to 75% of the population via the Ultrafast Broadband Programme (UFB)
Key Events
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February 22, 2016
• 2011 Full separation of Telecom into wholesale and retail.
• 2011 Rural Broadband Initiative (RBI) rollout begins. xDSL and fixed wireless to the remaining 25% (funded via industry levy).
• 2012 Fibre roll out begins • 2014 Extension of UFB to 80% of population
announced via UFB2 • 2014 Extension and improvement of rural
coverage via RBI2 announced
Key Events
7
February 22, 2016
• Things changing • Fibre deployment • Copper cabinet upgrades • New cellular towers • New copper cabinets • Cellular upgrades • Aggressive wireless deployment by 20-30
regional wireless networks
Information Flux
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February 22, 2016
• Fibre • Wireless • Cable - HFC • ADSL • VDSL • Cellular
Infrastructure Competition
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February 22, 2016
Connection and Usage Growth
10 Source: Chorus Market and Insight
Large ISPs market fibre plans
Netflix and Lightbox offers in the market
February 22, 2016
Changes in Rural Broadband
11 Source: Chorus
February 22, 2016
• We’ve pulled together a number of geospatial and temporal-spatial data from networks within New Zealand • Collected some • Created some • Curate some • Augment with other data • 100 + layers • 20-30 used in the National Broadband Map
Broadband Mapping
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February 22, 2016
• Consumer focussed broadband availability tool
• A data service • Opportunities for research • Technical • Policy
What do we do with this data?
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National Broadband Map broadbandmap.nz
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February 22, 2016 15
February 22, 2016
Visually Represent Broadband Coverage and Timing
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February 22, 2016
Also provide more meaningful textual Information…
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February 22, 2016 18
February 22, 2016
• Released July 23 2015 • New Zealand is small country • 60,000 visits in the first two hours • 150,000 visits to the site since launch • Lead tech story on major news sites • ~4500 visits during December 2015 • ~5500 visits during January 2016
Some interest
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February 22, 2016 20
February 22, 2016
• AddressFinder • Geocoding of addresses
• Koordinates • Vector query • Web Map Tile Services (WMTS)
• NZRS • Augments Koordinates Data with stuff we
know
Various Services
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February 22, 2016
• Converts an address to an XY coordinate
• Based off of authoritative NZ address data
• Accessed via a javascript widget
Address Finder
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February 22, 2016
• Given a particular coordinate, find if intersects a network we hold data on
• Data service: https://data.nzrs.net.nz
Point in Polygon Query
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February 22, 2016
• Multiple networks are available at different points
• Aggregated at the National Broadband Map by technology • ADSL • VDSL • Fibre • Wireless • Cable (HFC)
Lots of Networks to Query
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February 22, 2016
• From this we can display what is available and;
Networks Available Returned
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• We can tell leaflet.js to pull tiles in from the tile service
February 22, 2016
Map Tile
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Sourcing the Data
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February 22, 2016
• Over 20 providers of data • Data is coverage area, not statistical areas • We work with the providers to understand
the data, and; • Help them generate the data if required
The Data
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February 22, 2016
• Ask nicely. • Don’t misrepresent the providers. • Long game
• It took a good year to get most of them
• Launching broadbandmap.nz increased enthusiasm to participate.
• Support from industry is very important
How do we get the data?
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February 22, 2016
• We have helped improve some suppliers data from issues we notice.
• Lots of eyeballs means a bit more motivation to get things right from some providers.
• We get better data as a result. • This will only continue.
Feedback Loops
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Wireless Propagation Data
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February 22, 2016
• There are a number of wireless networks in New Zealand.
• Of size 20-30 is a reasonable estimate • Typically filling a rural and remote niche and
specific applications • Smaller operations • Know their networks well • Communicating coverage has been
problematic • Where coverage does exist it is often in non
GIS formats
Wireless Networks in NZ
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February 22, 2016
• Converting images geo-referenced with KML to Shapefiles, useful for outputs from: • RadioMobile • TowerCoverage.com
• Generating coverage using elevation data and Longley Rice Prediction Model. • Wavetrace
A couple of approaches we took
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Wavetrace Longley-Rice based coverage prediction
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February 22, 2016
• Digital elevation model* • Network details* • Latitude* • Longitude* • Antenna height above ground level* • Frequency (MHz)* • Power (EIRP)* • Polarisation • Bearing • Horizontal beam width • Vertical beam width • Antenna downtilt • Clutter** • Receive antenna height above ground level**
INPUTS
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* Mandatory input ** Constant at present
https://github.com/NZRS/wavetrace
February 22, 2016
Wavetrace Output Coverage
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Analysis Examples
37
February 22, 2016
• Finding broadband and broadband blackspots
• Identifying underserved customers • Informing public policy • Quantifying availability by bandwidth and
technology
Identifying True Extent of Service
38
February 22, 2016
• You can style geographic data with a simple styling language - CartoCSS
• It’s supported by many applications and services
• As we have coverage we can style where we don’t have coverage (broadband blockspots)
Visual Representation
39
February 22, 2016 40
Broadband Blockspot Styling Using CartoCSS
February 22, 2016
• In Taranaki - addresses with wireless but no 5 Mbps+ copper based service
• How • Coverage data
from NZRS • Address points
from LINZ • PostGIS
Underserved costumers
41
February 22, 2016
• The data service was used by regional authorities in New Zealand to respond to central government funding initiatives.
• Specifically in response to central government funding for FTTH deployment (UFB) and rural broadband extension (RBI).
• Network coverage could be integrated into their GIS systems.
• Maps for public consultation could be produced.
• Network providers could be identified.
Public Policy Example
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February 22, 2016
• From raw data to user friendly application there is a lot of work.
• Collaboration, Collaboration, Collaboration - its all about working with people.
• The data allows analysis and this analysis is not yet fully tapped.
Conclusion
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Contact:
https://www.broadbandmap.nz
[email protected] /broadbandmapnz/ @BroadbandMapNZ
Questions/Comments? Thanks for your time
44