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March 15, 2006 1
NWSTGNWSTGCritical Infrastructure UpdateCritical Infrastructure Update
Fred BranskiFred Branski
Telecommunication Operations CenterTelecommunication Operations Center
February 2, 2006February 2, 2006
NOAA’s National Weather Service
The Emergency Managers Weather Information Network
(EMWIN)
NOAA’s National Weather Service
Fred BranskiFred Branski
Telecommunication Operations CenterTelecommunication Operations Center
March 15, 2006March 15, 2006
March 15, 2006 2
INTRODUCTION
• EMWIN –
– As it is today
– Transition to GOES-N,O,P generation
• The Third Border Initiative
• The GOES-10 Move
• Questions?
March 15, 2006 3
EMWIN - Today
• Description• Functionality• Advantages• Basic architecture• Satellite coverage• Users• Retransmission Providers
March 15, 2006 4
EMWIN – TodayDescription
• EMWIN -- is a service that allows users to obtain critical weather and certain other information directly from NOAA’s National Weather Service (NWS) in near real time.
– Intended to be used primarily by emergency managers and public safety officials who need timely weather information to make critical decisions
– However, it can be accessed by anyone with proper equipment.
March 15, 2006 5
EMWIN – TodayDescription cont’d
• On EMWIN - NWS makes available a 24x7 data feed of current weather warnings, watches, satellite imagery, advisories, forecasts and other products.
– NWS data feed disseminated simultaneously over the internet and via the GOES satellite broadcast
– Typical information latency:
• Alerts & warnings less than 1 minute
• Forecasts ~ 2 - 5 minutes
• Graphics & imagery ~ 10 – 15 minutes
March 15, 2006 6
EMWIN – TodayFunctionality
• Data collected from a variety of sources:Data collected from a variety of sources:
– NWS Telecommunication Gateway (RTH Washington)NWS Telecommunication Gateway (RTH Washington)
– NWS Weather Wire Service (NWWS) NWS Weather Wire Service (NWWS)
– FTP sitesFTP sites
– InternetInternet
• Data is collected at the EMWIN servers and :Data is collected at the EMWIN servers and :
– Prioritized into high, mid, and low priority productsPrioritized into high, mid, and low priority products
– Split into 1k packetsSplit into 1k packets
– Assembled into a 9.6kbs serial data streamAssembled into a 9.6kbs serial data stream
March 15, 2006 7
EMWIN – TodayFunctionality cont’d
• The Satellite data stream is sent to NOAA Command and Data The Satellite data stream is sent to NOAA Command and Data Acquisition Station (WCDAS) at Wallops, VirginiaAcquisition Station (WCDAS) at Wallops, Virginia
– Up linked to NOAA satellites (GOES East and West)Up linked to NOAA satellites (GOES East and West)
– Modulation – Dual Frequency Shift Keying (DFSK) Modulation – Dual Frequency Shift Keying (DFSK)
– Speed - 9.6 kbpsSpeed - 9.6 kbps
– Frequency - 1690.725 MHzFrequency - 1690.725 MHz
– Approximately 80 megabytes per dayApproximately 80 megabytes per day
• Internet dissemination is also available using Internet unicast Internet dissemination is also available using Internet unicast (“Byte Blaster”) or File Transfer Protocol techniques.(“Byte Blaster”) or File Transfer Protocol techniques.
March 15, 2006 8
EMWIN -TODAYARCHITECTURE
INTERNET CLOUD
INTERNET CLOUD
NWS Telecommunication Gateway
NWS Weather Wire Service
A & C
B & D
BYTE BLASTER NETWORK
WALLOPS CDAS
GOES SPACE CRAFT
DEDICATED ANALOG LINE
EMWIN FEED SOURCES
EMWIN PC NETWORK
EMWIN INTERNET PUSH BITSTREAM
DEDICATED ANALOG LINE/T1 backup
Tertiary System
EMWIN/LRIT ENCAPSULATION Line
March 15, 2006 9
EMWIN – TodayAdvantages
• Receiver equipment and display software is relatively Receiver equipment and display software is relatively inexpensive and commercially available inexpensive and commercially available
• L-Band satellite broadcast is virtually “weather proof User L-Band satellite broadcast is virtually “weather proof User equipment is relatively compact and rugged.equipment is relatively compact and rugged.
– Can run on a laptop and use a 1 meter dishCan run on a laptop and use a 1 meter dish
• Data-stream is free, repeatable and can be customized for local Data-stream is free, repeatable and can be customized for local retransmission.retransmission.
• Large and knowledgeable user community to help monitor Large and knowledgeable user community to help monitor performance and answer user questionsperformance and answer user questions
March 15, 2006 10
GOES SATELLITE COVERAGE EAST & WEST FOOTPRINTS
March 15, 2006 11
Typical EMWIN Satellite User
Internet cloud
Internet cloud
Standard Pentium PC
EMWIN Satellite Dish
Receiver
Internet access to Byte blaster network
Optional Alarm Controller
To Alarm Units
March 15, 2006 12
EMWIN TODAYUSERS - Typical
• NWS Forecast Offices and their staff Warning Coordination NWS Forecast Offices and their staff Warning Coordination Meteorologists (WCM’s) Meteorologists (WCM’s)
• for work with local emergency managers and used in public for work with local emergency managers and used in public training training
•Other countries’ NMHS, e.g. Canada, South and Central Other countries’ NMHS, e.g. Canada, South and Central America, and Pacific island nationsAmerica, and Pacific island nations•Media, television and radio stations•Police, fire and EMT Services•Retransmission providers• Schools , amateur meteorologists, EMT’s, storm spotters, storm Schools , amateur meteorologists, EMT’s, storm spotters, storm chasers, Skywarn Network,chasers, Skywarn Network, hobbyists of all ageshobbyists of all ages
March 15, 2006 13
EMWIN –TODAYRETRANSMISSION PROVIDERS
• Re-broadcasters can relay the data stream as is or filter the data stream and insert local emergency data
• VHF (150 mHz band) radio broadcasts– NWS has two systems– Many others provided by co-operative public & private
organizations• Can also link with paging systems to send emergency warnings
or text• Pacific satellite broadcast
– “PeaceSat” satellite operated by University of Hawaii– Formerly GOES-7
March 15, 2006 14
Internet or Intranet cloud
Internet or Intranet cloud
Typical VHF Re-transmission System
EMWIN SERVERVHF Transmitter
Receiver
Custom local EMWIN Data stream
To Paging Network
GOES EAST dishGOES WEST dish
153.950KHz
1690.725MHz1690.725MHz
Broadcast Antenna
March 15, 2006 15
Typical Radio Re-broadcast User
Standard Pentium PC
Internet access to Byte blaster network
Internet cloud
Internet cloud
Up to 100 mi from transmitter line of sight
EMWIN VHF Radio Receiver
153.950KHz VHF EMWIN
Optional Alarm Controller
To Alarm Units
March 15, 2006 16
Internet Unicast Server
Internet cloud
Internet cloud
Standard Pentium PC
EMWIN Satellite Dish
Receiver
Optional Alarm Controller
To Alarm UnitsInternet access to Byte blaster network
March 15, 2006 17
EMWINTransition to GOES-N,O,P generation
• ChangesChanges• ResponsibilitiesResponsibilities• Prototype receiver designPrototype receiver design• Transition planningTransition planning
March 15, 2006 18
Transition to GOES-N,O,P generationChanges
• Power level of broadcast must be reduced:Power level of broadcast must be reduced:– from 51 dBmi down to 44.8 dBmi
• Frequency will change to 1692.700 MHz Frequency will change to 1692.700 MHz • Modulation will change to Offset Quadrature Phase Modulation will change to Offset Quadrature Phase
Shift Keyed (OQPSK) Shift Keyed (OQPSK) • Forward Error Correction (FEC) will be utilized to Forward Error Correction (FEC) will be utilized to
compensate for reduced powercompensate for reduced power• Data rate will increase to 19.2 kilobits per second Data rate will increase to 19.2 kilobits per second
(Kbps)(Kbps)
March 15, 2006 19
Transition to GOES-N,O,P generationResponsibilities
• NWS & NESDIS co-operative effort for development of Transition Concept
• NESDIS had technical lead for developing hardware & software
– Proof-of-concept prototype receiver has been built and successfully bench tested
• NWS responsible for public interface and transition planning
– User-vendor conferences
– EMWIN web-site updates
March 15, 2006 20
Transition to GOES-N,O,P generationPrototype Receiver Design
• Hardware
– Intermediate frequency (IF) adapter to convert radio frequency to audio frequency for sound card input.
• Software
– Demodulation and decoding accomplished by government provided software run on Windows based PC
March 15, 2006 21
Transition to GOES-N,O,P generation Prototype schematic
Consumer PC
A/DConverter
LNBIF Frequency
AdapterIF
SoftwareDemodulator
Software BitSynchronizer
SoftwareViterbi
Decoder
Software Reed-SolomonDecoder
SoftwareFrame
Synchronizer
NOAACompatible File
Formats
Legend
Hardware
Software
ModulatedIF
Serial Port(LegacySupport)
March 15, 2006 22
Transition to GOES-N,O,P generationTransitioning Planning
• GOES – N launch
– Has been delayed; currently scheduled for May, 2006
– Space platform checkout will take about 1 month
– Field testing of prototype receiver to be done after platform checks complete
• GOES – O launch: Tentatively scheduled for July 2007
• User-Vendor Conference
– To be scheduled after successful receiver tests
– Looking for vendors interested in designing their own version of receiver
March 15, 2006 23
Transition to GOES-N,O,P generationTransitioning Planning – cont’d
• GOES – operational
– Fuel of existing GOES constellation exhausted by 2011
– Current GOES-E may run out of fuel in 2009
– No earlier phase-out of existing GOES satellites scheduled
• Detailed transition plan will be posted on EMWIN web site as soon as available
– Check for EMWIN updates at this location:
http://iwin.nws.noaa.gov/emwin/index.htm
March 15, 2006 24
The Third Border Initiative (TBI)
• Disaster preparedness is a high priority for the United States.– Main activities are sponsored by USAID’s Office of U.S.
Foreign Disaster Assistance (OFDA), U.S. Southern Command and the Third Border Initiative (TBI) through the U.S. State Department.
• United States is also exploring options to use TBI funds to expand regional weather forecasting and response capabilities.
• NOAA’s TBI proposal for upgrading its
"hydrometeorological" network (radar, aircraft surveillance, ocean data buoys) is multi-purpose and not just for tsunamis.
March 15, 2006 25
The Third Border Initiative cont’d
• The NOAA TBI Proposal:
– Would also upgrade the telecom network dedicated to sharing information on impending events, including developing a satellite-based natural hazard information network linked to the United States.
– In connection with this aspect of the Proposal, NWS in consort with the NOAA International Affairs Office, is preparing a proposed pilot plan to demonstrate the installation of an EMWIN receiving station on a selected Caribbean island and train local meteorological specialists in its use.
March 15, 2006 26
The GOES-10 Move• NOAA plans to shift the orbit of a geostationary satellite to
improve coverage over South America
– Continent will benefit from emerging Global Earth Observation Network
– Repositioning planned for October 2006 pending the successful launch of GOES-N, NOAA's new geostationary satellite, and the continued operation of GOES-12.
– Shift will help protect lives and property in North, Central and South America by significantly improving satellite detection of natural hazards.
– Will further strengthen the WMO's World Weather Watch Global Observing System.
March 15, 2006 27
NWSTGNWSTGCritical Infrastructure UpdateCritical Infrastructure Update
Fred BranskiFred Branski
Telecommunication Operations CenterTelecommunication Operations Center
February 2, 2006February 2, 2006
NOAA’s National Weather ServiceNOAA’s National Weather Service
Fred BranskiFred Branski
Telecommunication Operations CenterTelecommunication Operations Center
March 15, 2006March 15, 2006
QUESTIONS?
