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Marlen Flores
Advisors: Dr. Donaldo Urioste
Dr. Rafael Gómez
Romanticism in the novel El Zarco by Ignacio Manuel Altamirano
Abstract
For most Latin American countries, including Mexico, Romanticism was the first great creative period. Inspired by their recent political independence from Spain, cultural independence swept the region and Latin American romantics embraced the romantic views of freedom, emotional intensity and individualism, and placed emphasis on nationalism and the national scene. Like his contemporaries, Ignacio Manuel Altamirano believed that literature, and specifically fiction, could be used to impart the nineteenth century principles of “freedom and order,” and to create national pride. And to this end, he promoted the nationalization of Mexican letters by introducing issues, experiences, events, and character types that were uniquely Mexican. Such is the case of Clemencia and El Zarco, the two novels being addressed and analyzed in this Capstone project.
Agenda
Who is Ignacio M. Altamirano?
The ideas he embraced as romantic writer
Definition of romanticism
Characteristics of romanticism
How these characteristics are applied to the novel El
Zarco?
Conclusion
Ignacio M. Altamirano
He was born on November 13, 1834 in Tixtla Guerrero Mexico
He was pure Indian
His family adopted their last name after the Spaniard Juan
Altamirano
He graduated from law school, and then he
became politician
He is considered one of the most important
writers of Mexico during the XIX century
He died on February 13, 1893
The ideas he embraced as writer
Through his books he tried to educate the marginalizedIndians, blacks, and the working class people
He promotes democracy and liberal ideas
He is characterized for his patriotism
He wrote about issues that Mexico faced
Some of his characters reflect his own personal experiences
What is the romanticism?
“The romanticism in literature is defined as an artistic and literary movement. Suggests the freedom of expression on feelings. It breaks the rules on art and life” (Mujica 207).
It started during the XVIII century in great Britain and Germany then it spread to Italy, France, and Spain.
It was after the Mexican independence (1821) that the romanticism became popular in Mexico.
El Zarco
It was written between 1887-1889, but published in 1901, after the death of Altamirano
Its plot is developed during the War of Reform (1858-1861)
The novel mention historic facts as wells
as historic characters
Los Plateados (historic fact) Group of thieves that used to
kill and kidnap for money
Benito Juarez ● President of Mexico during 1858-1872
Plot of the novel El Zarco
Manuela wants to be with el Zarco and have a life full of wealth and adventures
She rejects the true love of Nicolás Pilar is in love with Nicolás Manuela decides to run away with el Zarco, for her
rebelliousness her mother dies. Nicolás faced dangerous challenges trying to defend
Manuela’s honor Manuela realize that she was wrong, el Zarco was not
what she thought he was Manuela and el Zarco die Pilar and Nicolás get married
Some romantic characteristics and how they are applied to El Zarco
Typical characteristics of women in romantic novels Greed and selfishness
Defense of the weak
● Disagreement toward tyranny and injustice
Indians and Mestizos (the oppressed) become the main characters ● Nicolas y Pilar
The plot is based on a historic event ● Los plateados
Worship to the unknown ● The owl on the tree
Conclusion
Some characters reflect Altamirano’s personal
experiences
Through his novels he expressed his ideas
He encourages prosperity to the oppressed
His works teach a lesson to the reader
Bibliography
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