Masarambam Pramanangalil eBook

8/4/2019 Masarambam Pramanangalil eBook

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2/202

amkmcw`w {]amWfn

F.A_vZpemw kpan

tUm:tImbpn mdqJn

auehn A_vZp djoZv tkew

sI.Sn.Ass\m auehn

FUn: Sn.A_vZpjpq

lnPvd Inn Hm^v Cy7/858 B, A.W.H _nUnwKv, anTmbn sXcp-hv, tImgntmSv 673 001

t^m: 0495 - 2724007


3/202

2

malayalam

Title: masarambam pramanangalil samsaya nivaranam

Authors : a group of scholars

(a.abdussalam sullami, dr.koyakkutti farooqi, moulavi abdul rasheed

salem, k.t.assainar moulavi)

editor : adbushukoor.t

cover & layout : riyas pokkunnu

dtp : shine

first edition : august 2011

printed at : premier printers, kozhikode -1

price : 60/-

copy right reserved with publisher

hijra committee of india

7/858 b, awh building, s.m.street, kozhikode - 673001

phone : 0495 - 2724007e-mail: [email protected], [email protected]

web : hijracalendar.in & hijracalendar.com


4/202

3

Ckveman IeWvSdns {]m[m\yw

Amlp(kp)Xs krjvSnIsmw Bbpv\nbnnpWvSv. DWvSmhpI Fp ]dm DWvSmIpp.\nnbvs Ime]cn[nptijw \inpIbpw sNpp.\mw Pohnp kucbpYn\pw Hcp Ime ]cn[nbpWvSv.Jnbmaw Fv JpB hntijnn \miw DWvSmbXp apXJnbmaw hscbp Imew \nnXamWv . ImesAfsSpm a\pjy ImemImefn ]eamfpw

D]tbmKnnpWvS v . Hcp kaqlambn Pohnptm]ckv]cap Fm hn[ CS]mSpIpw Ime\nWbwA\nhmcyamWv. Ckvemw kqWaXamWv. C\nsbmpwIqntmt\m, Hgnhmmt\m C. Fn apaXsmw AhcptSXmb IeWvS Dtm Ckveman\vAXnmXmbntmbsXpsImWvSv? AYhm apkvenwIfpsSIeWvS Fp ]dbsSp lnPvd IeWvS FpsImWvSv

apkvenwI ImeKW\v D]m[nbmpn. `uXnItamBflobtam Bb Hcp Imcyn\pw lnPvd IeWvSFpsImWvSv D]tbmKsSpn. apIqn XmdmmIgnbm Hns\ IeWvS Fp ]dbm ]ptam? Ckveman\vHcp IeWvS BhiyaptWvSm? CXmWp \mw NnntWvShnjbw.

Ckvemanse Fm Bcm[\Ifpw Ime \n_amWv.\akvmcw Hcp Znhkn 5t\cw \nlnWw. AXn\mHcp Znhkw Fm FmsWpw AXns\ hoWvSpw 5`mKfmn kab\nWbw \SpIbpw sNtWvSXv


5/202

4

A\nhmcyamWv . Ggp Znhkw IqSnbm Hcmg vN.BgvNbnsemcn \nambpw "PpapA' \akvIcnWw.\memgvN AYhm 29/30 Znhk tNm Hcpamkambn.

daZm {hXw Hcpamkw sNtWvSp Bcm[\bmWv. apamkfpw IrXyambn \nbnsmte ]e IfpwsNm\mhq. hjnsemcn lv sNtWvSXpWvSv.AXnt\mfpw {][m\ambpw kmv \tWvSXpWvSv. Hcphjw ]qnbmptm kmv \IWw. AXn\mHcp hjw FmsWpw \mw AdntbWvSXpWvSv. Cns\Ckvemanse \n Bcm[\Ifmb \akvImcw, kmv,

t\mv, lv Fnhbvpw IqSmsX PohnXnepWvSmIp]eImcypw DZm: C, {]mb]qn, Icm]me\w,A\cmhImi \nba XpSnbhbvpw Ime\nWbwA\nhmcyamWv. AXn\m apkvenwIv Hcp IeWvS HgnpIqSm\mhmXmWv. asm aXkaqlpw kzwIeWvS Dtm apkvenwIfpsS IeWvS D]tbmKiq\yambnoXv aX hyXnbm\amsWv \mw

a\nemWw. apkvenwI Cv `uXnI Bhiyv{InkvXy IeWvS kzoIcnpIbpw aX]camb BhiyvIr{Xna N{amkIeWvSdnse XnbXnI ]dbpIbpw t\mv,s]cpm XpSnb Bhiyv N{e t\mpIbpwsNp hfsc hnNn{Xamb Hcp \ne]mSmWv kzoIcnphcpXv.JpB sImtWvSm kpv sImtWvSm sXfnbnm\mhmHcp Ncy Fns\ Ckveman hpIqSn? Cu Aimkv{Xobhpw

JpB hncphpamb \S]Sn{Iaw hn]mS\w sNpIbpwicnbmb \nba hyhsb Xncnp sImWvSphcn IbpwsNtWvSXpWvSv. N{amkIeWvS XnIpw imkv{Xobhpw{]IrXnZhpamWv. AXns\ AhKWnv Ir{Xnaambn\nbnp shncnp {InkvXy PqX IeWvSdpIsf]npScpXv Hcnepw icnb. CkvemanXapWvSmhptm JpB\ntepw \_nNcybntepwaSm\mWv \_n(k) ]TnnncnpXv. JpB\ns hn[n9mw Aymbw 36mw hN\n hyamnbnpWvS v ." "BImihpw `qanbpw krjvSn\mfn Amlphns


6/202

5

dnmUn Hcp hjn\v 12 amkamWv. AXn 4amkw]hn{XamkfmWv. CXn Ir{Xnaw ImWnpXv Ip vdneph\hmWv. Cu Bbv hniZoIcnpsImWvSv \_n(k)

]dp'' ""]hn{Xamk apldw, ZpJAvZ, ZplnFnhbpw PpamZp BJndnpw iA_m\npw CSbvpdP_v amkhpamWv'' . Atm Ckvemans IeWvSN{amkIeWvSdmsWv a\nembn. amkfpsS Fhpwt]cpw AhbpsS apKW\m {Iahpw ]Tnnp Xp. {InkvXyPqX IeWvSdpI \nehnepWvSmbncpnpw \_n(k)tbmJeo^amtcm Ah D]tbmKnnn. lp hnZmCemWv

IeWvS \n_amnbXpw Znhks {IaoIcnv DdnXpw.Da(d)bpsS `cWmev IeWvS \Sn hcppIbpwsNbvXp. {]kvXpXIeWvSdns\ apkvenw temIv]p\xm]npI FXmWv lnPvd InnbpsS {][m\ ZuXyw.

IeWvSdns \nbaw

IeWvSdmhptm AXn\v Nne \nbafpw hyhIfpw

DWvSmhWw. JpB 2:189 N{eI P\pwln\pw XnbXnI ImWnpXmsWp ]dbpXn\maX]camb Imcypw uXnIImcypw N{eIsfASnm\amnbp IeWvS XsbmWv am\ZWvUsapIev]n-p-p. IeymWn\pw ktf\n\pw FpthWvSkImcypw HpXsbmWv. Fn am{Xta AsXmcpIeWvSdmhpIbpq.

Znhkns Afhv

IeWvSdns ASnm\ LSIw ZnhkamWv. Znhkw Fmkqcys\ ASnm\amn qan Hcp {]mhiyw Idms\SppImeamWv. `qanbn \mw Hcp m\w \nbnpI. {]kvXpXm\w kqcy\pt\sc hcp kabw(Atm AhnsS \ngCmkabamWv. fpl XpSpt\cw) apX `qan Hcp

{]mhiyw Idn AtX m\w hoWvSpw kqcy\pt\sc FpImebfhmWv `qanbpsS Hcp Znhkw. `qanbpsS ZnhkwIWmm \nbnncnp m\amWv Zn\amtaJe.


7/202

6

abn AhnSs {]mtZinIZnhkamcw`np kabvkqcy `qanv t\sc(khm) \np ehpamWnXv.ChnsSbmWv Zn\amtcJ \nWbnncnpXv.

{]mtZinI Znhkw

{]IrXym Hcp {]mtZinI Znhkw Bcw`npXv{]`mXnemWv. cm{XnbpsS Iqcncpn\ptijw kqcy\n\np BZyIncWw qanSppIqSn t]mIpp. CXv "^PdpImZn_v' BWv. Ipdvkabw Ignv bYm {]Imiw"^PdpmZn_v' {]Xyamhpp. CXv cWvSnpanSp

kabs "kl' Fp ]dbpp. "{]`mXw s]mnhnScptm'Fp JpB {]tbmKn takabmWv Hcp ZnhkwBcw`npXv. apkvenwI Apt\cfnembn \akvImcw\Sp ImebfhmWv Hcp Znhkw. aynep\akvImcw"kemp hpkvXzm' Ak BsWp \_n(k)]TnnnpWvSv. AXn\m Zn\mcw`n ^Pdpw Ahkm\wCimbpw \akvIcnpp. tijw hn{iaamWv. Ddsa

acWn\ptijw Ddsm t{ijvTamb ^P\akvIcnpsImWvSv Hcp Zn\w Bcw`npp. IeWvSdnseXnbXnamtdWvSXpw Cu kabmWv.

amkw Fm

N{amkw cWvSpXcapWvSv. Hv N{ BImiv 360 Un{KnIdm s\Spp ImebfhmWv. Hcp \{Xn\Spv \npw

XpSn N{ hoWvSpw AtX \{Xn\SpvFms\Spp Imew. CXv 27.33 ZnhkamWv. Fm N{kqcy\p t\sc \np XpSn hoWvSpw kqcy\p t\scsbm29.5 Znhkw thWw. kqcys\ am{Xw ]cnKWnm CXv AfmIgnbn. `qansb IqSn IWnseSpWw. `qanpwkqcy\panSbn Hcp t\tcJbn \npw XpSn AtXev hoWvSpw N{ Fp Imebfhns\bmWv \_n(k)

Hcpamkambn apkvenwIv v\nbnp XnpXv. N{kqcys\ adnISp(36:40) ta{]Xn`mkn\v imkv{Xobambn]dbp t]cmWv IPIv AYhm \ypaq FXv. Ckvem


8/202

7

an Hcp amknse Ahkm\ Znhkw \yqaq DWvSmIpZnhkamWv. ASpZnhkw ]pXpamknse HmwXnbXnbmbncnpw.

Znhkn\p ]IcamWv XnXn \npXv. AXpsImWvSvZnhkw Fmhpw Hmbncns AXns\pdnp XnXn]eXmIm ]mSn. apkvenwI am{Xta Cu aWvScwsNppq. CXp HgnhmWw. qanbn im Hmw XnXnaqpZnhk fmIm ]mSn. CXp \_n ]TnnX.

]pWyZn\

Nnekabfpw Znhkfpw amkfpw Amlp(kp.X)IqSpX ]pWyapXmbn \nbnnpWvSv. \nnX kabhpwZnhkhpw ]menpsImWvSv Bcm[\I \Snbmte hn]pWyw e`npIbpq. Amlp \nbn ]pWysamnadnm ]WvUnXtm, kwLmS\Itmt\XmItm km[npIbn.

BipdmAvN{e (lnem) ImWpXv apX Fn 9mw Znhkw

BipdmAv t\msSp m\mWv C_v\p Amkv(d)A\pNcmv ]TnnpsImSp npXv. \mw ImWp IeB ZnhknsXmWv. 10mw Znhkw ImWpXv BipdmAvZn\ns IebmWv. AXpsImWvSmWv IWvSXn\p tijw 9Znhkw Fnbm aXnsbp ]dbpXv.

Amap_ofzv

Hcpamknse "shfp Zn\' Fp ]dbp Amap_ofzv Znhkw t\msSppXv hfsc ]pWyapXmWv.\_n(k) {]kvXpX t\mpI A\pjvSnmdpWvSmbncpp.Cv apkvenw temIw thWvS{X {inm kp{][m\kpmWv Amap _ofznse t\mv. ]uWan AYhm

]qW N{ DWvSmhm km[yXbp aqpZnhksfbmWvAmap _ofzv Fp ]dbpXv. 14, 15, 16 XnXnIfmWv shfp]w. Ckveman AXn{][m-\amb lpw _en s]cpmfpw


9/202

8

Am-ap _ofzn\p apmbn Ahkm\npp.

AmapivcoJv

_ens]cpm Zpln 10mw XnXnbnemWv AXnsIqpZnhkfmb aqpZnhksf AmapivcoJvFp]dbpp. 10,11,12,13 Fo XnbXnI _ens]cpmZn\fmbn \nbnsncnpp. {]kvXpX Znhkfnt\mv \njnamWv. lns Imew \nbnncnpXpwCtXImebfhnemWv. 8apX 13 hscbp XnXnIfn.Amap _ofzpw AmapivcoJpw IqSntcm ]pIbn.

Ans\ IqSntcmXncnWsan Hmw XnXn icnbmbZnhkw Xs \nWbnncntWvSXmWv.

amkwImW F aWvScw

Cv apkvenw temIv \mw IWvSpsImWvSncnp"amkwImW' k{Zmbw Hcp henb aWvScw XsbmWv.29mw XnXn lnem t\mWsapw 30mw XnbXn

t\mtWvSXnspamWv hnizmkw. 29mw XnbXnbmIstemIsmcnSpw lnem ImWpI kmyhpa. ImWmkmyam Hns\ t\mpXv Hmas aWvScw.t\mepw ImWepw amkndhnbpsS \n_\bmnbXvcWvSmas aWvScw. taaWvScaplZv\_n(k)bpsS t]cn tNndbpXv AXnt\mhenb aWvScw. am{Xa \_n(k)tbmSp sNp

NXnIqSnbmsWv Kuchambn \mw a\nemWw.AXsn \_n(k) Xs PohnXImev GsXnepwHcpamkw 29mw XnbXn aKvcn_v \akvImcw \on shv"amkndhn' ImWm t]mbXmbntm, Bscsbnepw amkwt\mm NpaXesSpnbXmtbm sXfnhptWvSm?amkwImWphv ]ctemIv e`nbvp {]Xn^ewF{XbmWv? amkw ImWm t]mIph aKvcn_v PamAn\v

tijw t\mnbm aXntbm? AXsn PamAvHgnhmm h CfhpIfpw Ckvemw \IpptWvSm?


10/202

9

lp hnZmC ]Xn\mbncWn hcpklm_nIfpsS IqsS acp`qanbn bm{XsNpIbmbncpnpwZplnpamkndhn \_n(k) t\mntbm? ItWvSm?Bscsbnepw t\mm NpaXesSpntbm? C FmWpDcsan C\nsbnepw "amkw ImW' F aWvScw\apv Hgnhmmw. Fn v bYmkpns\ ]npScmw.

"kqaqendpAvbXnln' bYm kpv

hn.JpB cWvSmw Aymbn t\mv \n_amnbhN\ ImWmw. Bscnepw daZm amkn\v kmnbmbn

Fn Ah {hXa\pjvTns Fp I]np. tijw 189mwhN\n Cns\ ]Tnnp. ""N{eIsf kw_nv\ntm-S-h tNmZn-p-p. ]dbpI Ah (N{eI)P\pw ln\pw Xnb XnIfmIpp''. kP\fpsSbpw s]mXp Bhiypw apkvenwIfpsS t\mv,lv XpSn aX]camb Imcypw thXncnhnmhn[w IeWvS BhiyamWv. IeWvSdns BhiyvXnbXnI \nWbnm N{eASnm\sSpWsamWv JpB ]dbpXv'

CXns\ hniZoIcnpsImWvSv \_n(k)]dp:

""Amlp N{eIsf P\v, XnbXnIvASnm\ambn (IeWvSdn\v) \nbnncnpp. AXn\mN{eIfpsS Zriy-X-bpsS ASnm\n t\mv

XpSpIbpw Ahkm\nnpIbpw sNpI. Ahkm\wN{ adbvsm 30 ]qnbmbXmbn IWmp I.''

talZokv klm_nam ]ehn[nepw ]noSv dntm vsNbvXnpWvSv. Fm dntmpIfnepw "dpAvb' F Ad_n]Zn\v \_n(k) Dtin Aw am{Xta \Im ]mSpq.N{\v IeI \nbnncnpp, Ah XnbXnI ImWnppFp JpB\pw(2:189) {]kvXpX N{eIfpsS ImgvNbpsS

ASnm\n XnbXnI \nbnWsav {]hmNI\pw]Tnnpp. GIhN\n lnem Fv JpB]dnn. \_n(k)bpw _lphN\amWv D]tbmKn npXv.


11/202

10

lZokns t\scbp `mjmamWv IWnseSppsXn Hmtcm Znhkhpw N{e IWvStijtat\msSpm ]pIbpq. t\mp Xpdm\pw lnem

ImWWw Fphcpw ""lm XdDlneme'',"dpAbvXpaplneme' XpSnb klm_n(d)amcpsShmpIpw "lnem IWvSm'Fv Aan. lnemP\nXns kmyamWp ]dbpXv. ImcWw 29mw XnbXnkyv ]Snmdp`mKv \t\{Xfn lnem ImWpIAkw`hyamWv. \_n(k)tbm klm_tm t\mnbXmtbmIWvSXmtbm Ncn{Xhpan. IqSpX sXfn

BImiapWvSmbncp AhcpsS Imev t\mmsX Acoaen\o IcWfp Cmev t\mm ]dbmtam?

30 Znhkfp Hcp N{amkn 29 IeIIpsImWvSpImWmw. 29 Znhkfp amkn 28IeIfpwImWmw. Cns\ ImWm Ignbp 29/28 IeIIWvSpIgnv N{eImWmXmhp (Kpmb) Znhkwamkns Ahkm\ ZnhkamWv. ASp Znhkw]pXpamkns Hmw XnbXn. Hmtcm Znhkhpw ImWpXvB Znhkns IebmWv. \yqaq Ignv N{ ]qPywUn{Knbn \npw hf Bcw`npIbmWv. GItZiw 12 Un{KnhfbmhptmgmWv IpsImWvSv ImWmhp AhbnsepI. CXv Hmw Znhkw sshIptcambncnpw. 29mw XnbXnsshIptcw ]qPyw Un{Knbnep ASp ZnhktpIe ImWpsaXv A_hnizmkamWv. Ahkm\ambnIpsImWvSv Ing N{Ihmfn ImWp Iesb"D\pJZow' Fv JpB 36:39 hyamppWvSv."D\pJZow' \t\{XwsImWvSv IWvSp Ignm ASpZnhkw "Kpn'bmbncnpw. ZriyamhpIbn. Apamkmhkm\amWv Fp a\nemmw. N{s ImWmkm[np FmIeIfpw \_n(k)bpw kzlm_pw

t\mpIbpw ImWpIbpw sNbvXnpWvSv. ]s amkhkm\w29\p kyv "amkw t\mnbnn. AXn\m \mapw CuaWvScw HgnhmWw. ImcWw Ap lnem \t\{X


12/202

11

Zi\w kmya'

N{\pw kqcy\pw Xn-epWvSm-Ip tImW-IeamWv a\m-kn. Hmtcm Znhkhpw 120 N{ AIepw. AIeptmdpw Ie

hepXmhpIbpw ]uWanbvptijw ASpm XpSpIbpwIe sNdpXmhpIbpw sNpp. ]qPyw Un{Knbn amkndhnkw`hnpIbpw Ie hfcpIbpw sNpp. kqcyN{amcpsStImW-Iew Afv XnbXn a\nem-m-hpXm-Wv.

amkm-cw`w {]am-Wfn kwib\n-hm-cWw

amkm-cw`w Ftm, Fns ASn-m-\n F hnj

bn ]WvUnXamnSbn hyXykvX A`n{]mb \ne\npp. ]mccyambn ioenp h NnmcoXnIfn \npwamdn Nnn-phmt\m imkv{Xob t_m[tmsS {]am-W-sfhne-bn-cp-p-hmt\m Xm-dm-hm--h lnem Ip-sImWvSvIsWvSn am{Xta amkw amdpIbpq Fp hmin-]n-Sn-pIbmWv. hnip JpB\n \npw bmsXmcp sXfnhpw DcnmsX lZokpIfnse hmw am{Xw DcnpIbpw kqcy

`qansb Nppp F hnizmkw \ne-\n--Im-ev Pohn]WvUn-Xam-cpsS A`n-{]m-bv apnb {]m[m\yw \IpIbpamWv Ah sNpXv. \ t\{XZi\ hmZnIfptSXmbNne ]pkvX-I- ae-bm-f-n {]kn-o-I-cn--s-n-p-WvSv.{]kvXpX ]pkvXIfnse {][m\s hmZapJv F.A_vZpemw kpan FSh, tUm:tImb-pn ^mdqJn, auehnA_vZp djoZv tkew XpSnb {]apJcmb Hcp kwLw ]WvUnXamcpsS adp]SnbmWv Cu ]pkvXIn DsSpnbncnpXv.

amkw ]ndp F Adnhpe`nm AXv kzoIcnWsapwIpsImWvSv ImWpI FXv amkw ]nd-pXn-p \n_-\bspw hn.JpBtbpw kpntbpw ASnm\n hniZoIcn-pIbm-Wv Cu ]pkvXIn. ImewIgnbpw

tXmdpw A-cow aen-\o-I-cn--s-Sp-Ibpw lnem Zi-\-n\v Znh-k--sf-Sp-p-Ibpw sNp-p. P\p-h-cn--s -{_p-hcnamkfn CybpsS Xem\amb \yqZlnbn kqcys\


13/202

12

t]mepw ImWm D-bm-tIWvSn-hcpp. Ccw efnlnem Hcn-epw ImWm Ign-bmsX hcp-p. "Ja'Bbtijta ImWm Ign-bppffq. "kpaq-en-dpAvbXnln' F

lZokv ChnsS Fns\ {]mtbm-Kn-I-am-Ww Fpw \mwNnn--Ww.

{]am-W-fpw JpB\pw kppw imkv{Xhpw sXfn-bn-pXv amkm-cw`w \nbn-m "lnkm_v' (Calculation)aXn.AXmWp thWvSXv Fpw "ImgvN'(dpAvb) FXpsImWvSvDtinpXv N{\ncoWamWv FpamWv. In_fn {]Xn-_-X ]pem kXym-t\z-jn-Iv shfnw\Im D]Icnpsa Dahnizmkn amkmcw`w {]amWfn F Cu ]pkvXIw R {]knoIcnpp.hcnInSbnep hmb\bn ASnsXpIfpw `mjmhyXnbm-\fpw IsWvSn-bm kZbw s]mdpW-sav At]npp. Cu ]pkvXInse ]cmaifn FXnc`n{]mb- DsWvSn Rsf Adn-bn-W-sapw kXy-k

amb hne-bn-cp--en\v Xm-dm-sWpw khn-\bw Adn-bn-p-sImpp.

{]km-[-I


14/202

13

D-Sw

`mKw 1

1. Ckvemapw kab\njvIjhpw 16

2. A`n-{]mb nXbpw hnib-ns A{]knbpw 21

3. kabw sXn-p t\Xm-amcpw {]hm-N-Is \ntihpw 24

4. Ckvemapw KthjWhpw 27

5. N-{-amk \nbhpw hn]coXm sXfnhpw 34

6. \yqaq hnlZhpw a-n \np Hfn-tm-hpw 39

7. amkn-d-hnbpw nXp ]cn-lmc km[y-Xbpw 43

8. N{-amk \nbhpw Jmfn-amcpw lnem In-n-Ifpw 47

`mKw 2

9. ]cn-ip JpB\pw N{s DZb hyXym-kfpw 51

10. N{s DZb hyXymkw \_n-N-cy-bn 55

11. Ipssd-_ns lZokpw N{s DZb-hy-Xym-khpw 64 12. \mev aZvl_ns Cam-apIfpw N{-amk \nbhpw 77

13. l\^o aZvl_pw N{s DZb-hy-Xym-khpw 83

14. amenIo aZvl_pw N{s DZb hyXym-khpw 86

15. im^nCu aZvl_pw N{s DZb hyXym-khpw 88

16. leo aZvl_pw N{s DZb hyXym-khpw 95

17. inbm-fpw N{s DZb hy-Xym-khpw 97

18. ke^n ]WvUnXamcpw N{s DZb hyXym-khpw 98


15/202

14

`mKw 3

IWpw ImgvNbpw

19. Dnbmb kaqlhpw Am kaqlhpw 105

20. Dn-mb kaqlw kabw Adn-bphm-\p am[y-afpw 108

21. `qanbpw \hN-{s\ Zin-epw 118

22. kmn-Xzhpw IWpw 120

23. Zi\hpw kab ]cn-[nbpw 127

24. IWpw ImgvNbpw 129

25. JpB\pw hymJym\hpw ]qoIamcpw aWnIv^m\pw 13526. IWpw ImgvNbpw \_n-N-cy-bn 139

27. \app FgpXphm\pw IWv Iqm\pw Adn-bpIbn- 148

28. klm_n hcyamcpw N{-amk \nbhpw 159

29. IWpw ]WvUnXm`n{]mbhpw 169

30. IWv \ntj[hpw qcn-]w ]WvUn-Xamcpw 175

31. \yqaqWpw ]ndhn N-{\pw 180

32. ASn-m\w amkn-dhn Xs. ImgvNbpw Xocpam-\hpa 182

33. ImgvNbpw kmnIfpsS Fhpw 184

34. \_n-N-cybpw Dtiyhpw 187

35. amkndhn Zi\hpw {]m\bpw 193

36. lnPvd IeWvSdpw {]mtZinI IeWvSdpIfpw 195

37. Ad-^m-bn kt-fn-epw Ad^m t\mpw 197


16/202

15

amtcJ

HbCGh j~dGdG hCG fCG Y dh qd AG~T dH eGb Gfc GeBG jdG jCG nj (1HbCGh j~dGdG hCG fCG Y dh qd AG~T dH eGb Gfc GeBG jdG jCG nj (1HbCGh j~dGdG hCG fCG Y dh qd AG~T dH eGb Gfc GeBG jdG jCG nj (1HbCGh j~dGdG hCG fCG Y dh qd AG~T dH eGb Gfc GeBG jdG jCG nj (1HbCGh j~dGdG hCG fCG Y dh qd AG~T dH eGb Gfc GeBG jdG jCG nj (1(AdG)(AdG)(AdG)(AdG)(AdG)

kXy-hn-izm-kn-Itf, \n \oXn-mbn \nesIm-pI.Am-lphn\p kmn-Ifmbn, \ntm amXm-]n-Xm-

tm _ptm FXn-cm-bmt]mepw \oXn-ssIhn-

ScpXv. (hn.Jp. 4: 135).(I~FG) id bCG g Gd~YG Gd~J CG Y b CT ej h (2

Hcp P\XtbmSp hntcm[w AhtcmSv A\oXn ImWn-m \nsf t{]cnXcmcpXv. \oXn ]pepI. AXm

Ipp kq-aXtbmSv _apXv. (hn.Jp. 5:8).(HdG) bOdG e Gfch dG GJG GeCG jdG jCG j (3

Atbm hnizmknIsf Amlphns\ \n `bsSp

Ibpw kXyw ]dbphtcmsSmw \n BIpIbpw sNphn (kqd.Xu_. 119).

(edGh OhGOHCGh ,AdG) FL S ~Y M c OG aCGGhpw t{ijvTamb PnlmZv A{Ian-bmb Hcp `cWm-[n-

ImcnbpsS apnembmepw kXyw Xpdv ]dbemWv (\mCu, A_q-Zm-hq-Zv)

(edG) Y GPG H j CG SdG g e G~MG \n a\n-em-nb Hcp kXyw ]d-bpXn\v P\

sfpdn-p `bw Hcn-epw \nv XSam-bn-cn-cpXv.(XnapZn)


17/202

16

1. Ckvemapw kab\njvIjXbpw

tNmZyw 1Ckveman Nne ka-b-pw Znh-k-pw amk-

pw {]m[m-\yhpw ]hn-{X-Xbpw DWvS-tm. CXv auen-I-amb Hcp {]iv\amtWm? Amlp BZcnpIbpw {]m[m\ywInpIbpw sNbvX ZnhkfpsSbpw amkfpsSbpw BZchpw ]hn-{XXbpw kwLS\m Xmcy-v thWvSn apZnhkpw amkpw \IpXv ]m]amtWm?..... DZm-lcWw, `qan-bn Fhn-sSsb-nepw amkw IWvSm {]kvXpXImgvN Fm-hpw _m[Iam-sWv ]d-bphcpw Htc DZb-

n hcphsmw _m[Iam-sWv ]d-bphcpw ChAwKoIcn-p Cu XXz- tIcfn amkw IWvSnmF Imc-W-m Ah-K-Wn-p-p. a-bn s]cp-mBtLm-jn-p k`-n ChnsS t\m-\p-jvTn-p-p.abpw tIcfhpw Htc DZbn hcp k`fnepw NnetIcfn C Znhkw C{X an\p v kqcy\v apv N{ AkvXan-p--Xn-\m amk-n-dhn Zin-p-I-bn-spw AXn-\mASp Znhkam-bn-cnpw t\mv Asn s]cpm FvapIqn {]Jym]npp. tIcfn\v Apdw amkndhn Zinphm\p km[yXsb Ch Xosc ]cnKWnpn. AhXs `qan-bn Fhn-sSsb-nepw amkw IWvSm aXn-sbpw{]Jym-]n-pp. Nne ]d-bphm kabam-bn-n-sv hymJym-\nv im amks dafm amkambpw Zplnpamks

Zp-J-AvZv amkambpw apw ]cn-KWn-pp. ap Nne {]mtZin-Iamb sFIy-n\v thWvSn am{Xw C{]Imcw sNpp. Cuhnjb-n Ckvem-anI hn[n-sbv?


18/202

17

DcwCkveman Nne ka-b-pw Znh-k-pw amk-

pw {]m[m-\yhpw t{ijvTXbpw BZchpapWvSv. Am-lp

hmWv B Znhkpw amkpw {]m[m-\yhpw t{ijvTXbpw BZchpw \In-bn-pXv. aplZv \_n(-k)v t]mepwAm-lp-hns \nt-i-an-msX CXn\v Ah-Im-i-an-. Znh-k-pw amkpw AhbpsS {kjvSmhv \Inb Cu khntijXI amn adnphm krjvSnIv AhImian. \psSkuI-cy-pw hyn-]-c-ambpw kwL-S-\m-]-c-hp-am-bpXm]cypw thWvSn C{]Imcw amnadn kXy\ntj[w

(Ip -dv) BsWv ]cn-ip JpB hnhcn-pp. abnsehn{Klm-cm-[Im C{_mlow \_n(-k)-bpsS kZvamZi\n-embn Pohn-p--h-cm-sWv hmZn-n-cp-p. Fm GI-ssZhhn-izm-kn hsc Ahv hyXn-bm\w kw`-hn-p. N{-amk \n-b-nepw. ]cn-ip Jp-B Ah-cpsS kXy-\n-tj[n\v Hcp DZm-lcWw hnhcn-pXp ImWpI.I~Y GWGd eY fejh eY fj Ghc jdG H j dG IOjR dG EG(HdG IQS) jadG dG ~j dGh dYG AS d jR dG M e Ga dG M e

""Xobmbpw ]nn- kXy\n-tj[-n HcpXcwh\ am{X-am-Wv. AXpaqew kXys \ntj[n-h hyXnNensSpw. AXns\ (B ]nnnens\) Hcp hjw AhA\p-h-Z-\o-b-ampw asmcp hjw Ah ]hn-{X-am-pw.Amlp ]hn{XamnbXns Fw Ah tbmPnnphm\mbn. As\ Ah Amlp ]hn{XamnbXns\ (]hn{XX Ifv) A\phZ\obampp. Ahv AhcpsS IfpsS Xnsb Ae--cn-sp. kXy\n-tj[n-I-fmb P\Xsb Amlp (\n_-n-v) am-Zi\w sNp-I-bn-.''(kqd:Xu_:37)

almb XXzfmWv Cu kqw DsmpXv. Ad_nI Ckvemans appw Nm{nIamkns ASnm\nembncpp Ime\nbw sNbvXncpXv. kqcyhjhpw N{hjhpw Xn sImn GItZiw ]Xns\mv ZnhkshyXymkw DWvSmbncnpw. CXpImcWw lv Imew NnetmAXypjvW thfbn hcpw. CXv Ahv kmn-Iambpw


19/202

18

imcocn-Iambpw {]iv\ DWvSm-pw. AXn-\m Nm{n-Iam-ksf IW-m-pXn Nne \opt]m-pI kzoIcn-psImWvSv lp-Imew Ah amn \n-bn-pw. \ko-Cs

Hcpcq]w CXmWv. aqv amkw XpSbmbn bpw sNp--Xn AIv \npI FXv Ad-_n-Iv Nne-tm{]bmkw tXmpw. AXn\m apld amkn Ah bpwsNbvXXv \mev amkw ]qn-bm-p-hm apl-d-ns ]hn-{XX k^dn\v \Ipw. B {]hWXbpw AhnizmkamsWvAmlp ]d-bpp. C amkamWv \msfsbv Ddv e`n--tijhpw {]hm-N-I\pw klm-_n-hcy-mcpw IpsImWvSv N{-

eIWvSnm F ImcW-m dafm amks iAv_mamk-am-p-Itbm im amks da-fm amk-am-p-ItbmZplnPv amks Zp-J-AZv amkam-pItbm sNbvXn-n-.\koCs\ Ah `bsp. dafm amkw Asn imamkw 5 an\ppWvSv. N{-n-dhn IWvSm Rsf Adn-bn-pI.ImWm]w dafm amks iAv_m amkambpw imamks dafm amkambpw \n ]cnKWnpI Fv {]Jym

]n-p-hm \_n(-k)tbm klm-_n-h-cy-mtcm aZv_l-_nsCam-apItfm hnizmk PoX {]ISn-n-n-cpn-.

dG SQ f ej Gg :a (Q) G H Y e ~dG ~T :b (Q) ~Y HCG Y(eh QdG) f e a cCJ NBG dGh eU e ca j eU Y (U)

""A_p Dss_Zv(-d) ]dbpp. Rm Da(-d)s IqsSs]cp-m Znhkw ]s-Sp-p. Atm Da(-d) ]d-p.

Cu cWvSv Znhkfn t\m\pjvTnpXns\ \_n(-k)hntcm-[n-n-cn-pp. Hv \nfpsS t\mv apdn-p Znhkamb sNdnb s]cpm Znhkw. asmv \nfpsS _enarKns amwkw `np _ens]mcpm Zn\w.'' (_pJmcn: 1199, apkvenw: 1137)

(eh QdG) dGh dG j U Y (U) qdG SQ f b (Q) ~S HCG YA_qkCuZv(d) ]dbpp: ""sNdnb s]cpm Znhkhpw

_ens]cpm Znhkhpw t\m\pjvTnpXns\ \_n(k) hntcm-[n-n-cn-pp.'' (_pJmcn: 1991 apkvenw: 1139)

dG jh VCG j :ej U Y f (U) dG SQ EG :b (Q) Ijg HCG Y


20/202

19

(QdGh e)A_plpssd(d) \nthZ\w. ""Xobmbpw Amlphns

ZqX cWvSv Znh-ks t\mns\ hntcm-[n-n-cn-p-p.

_ens]cp-m Znh-khpw sNdnb s]cp-m Znh-khpw.''(apkvenw: 1138, _pJmcn: 1993)

(FdGh CWG) e jG U Y f (U) dG SQ CG (Q) dG ~Y YA_p(-d) \nthZ\w. ""Xo-bmbpw an\m-bpsS Znhk

fn (Zplv 11,12,13) t\m-\p-jvTn-p--Xns\ \_n(-k)hntcm-[n-n-cn-pp.'' (\m-Cu, aphXz)

b eU Y fj (U) dG SQ c dG jCG g :b (Q) UdG H hY Y(OhOHG) jdG jG gh :deAwdv(-d) \nthZ\w. ""Am-apicoJns Znhkfn

t\m\pjvTnpXns\ \_n(k) RtfmSv hntcm[nnpWvSv''(A_q-Zm-hqZv: 2418, 2419). Hmtcm {]tZipw amkn-dhn Zinvs]cp-m BtLm-jn-p k`-n asmcp hn`mKwt\m\pjvTn-pXns\ am{Xa \_n(-k) ChnsS hntcm-[n-

pXv. {]XypX q-an-bn Hcp hn-`mKw apkvenwI s]cpmBtLm-jn-ptm asmcp hn`mKw t\m\pjvTn-pXn-s\bmWv Am-lphns ZqX Dtin-psXv Ahn-Spp hnhcnpXcpXv ImWpI:

Gdb (U) dG SQ UG e QfCG e JCG Y K~M b de H fG HG YGhCGQ fCG dG ~Y Gh~a QdG NBG e cQ Aa eU UCa GT g Y ZCG

Le HG) ~dG e g~Y EG GLj CGh Ghj CG (U) dG SQ gheCa .eCH dG(dGh ~MGhC_v\p A\kv(-d) \nthZ\w. ""im amkn-dhn R

fpsS ta ad-sp. AXn-\m R t\m\pjvTn-phcmbn {]`m-Xn {]thin-p. Ans\ Hcp HI kwLw ]Iens Ay-n hcn-Ibpw Cse amkw IWvSXmbn \_n(-k)bpsS ASpp kmyw hlnpIbpw sNbvXp.'' Atm\_n(-k) Ah-tcmSv t\mv apdn-m Iev]n-p. \msf CuZvKmln-tev ]pd-sSphm \ntin-pIbpw sNbvXp. (C-_v\pamP: 1653, AlaZv 9266, ss_lJn: 8189, A_q-Zm-hqZv: 2339).


21/202

20

aplZv \_n(k) _ens]cpm Znhkhpw sNdnbs]cpmZnh-khpw Am-ap-ivcoJns Znh-k--fnepw t\m-\p-jvTn- hntcm[nXmbn {]kvXmhnp [mcmfw lZokpI \nth

Z\w sN-sSpp. CXpsImWvSv \_n(-k) Dtin-Xv `qan-bnBZy-ambn N{-n-dhn DWvSm-Ip--Xns\ ASn-m-\-am-n-bm-sWpw hy-am-Ip-p. Fm imkv{Xo-b-amb IWvsImWvSv \_n(-k) N{-amkw \n-bn-p--Xns\ hntcm-[n-pshp ]dbp Hcp Zpe lZokv t]mepw \nthZ\w sNsSpn. AXpt]mse qanbn BZyw DZbapWvSmhp ]ndhnN{s\ ASnm\amn DZbN-{s hyXymkw A\p`hs

Sp ev Xmakn-phcpw {]hn-pXns\ \_n(-k) hntcm-[n-pshv ]d-bp lZokpw Dcn-sSpn-. N{-amk \nbw hnZqc cmPyw, ASpp cmPyw F ]cnKW\bpsS ASn-m-\n Xocpam-\n-phm I]n-Xpw \_n(-k)-bn \nv kzlo-lmbn D-cn--s-Sp-n-. Imc-Ww apl-Zv \_n(-k) Hcp I{]hm-N-I\m-bn-cpn-. (hn-iZoIcWwhgnsb)


22/202

21

2. A`n{]mb`nXbpw,hnjbns A{]knbpwhnjbns A{]knbpwhnjbns A{]knbpwhnjbns A{]knbpwhnjbns A{]knbpw

tNmZyw 2Hmtcm {]tZ-ipw amk-n-dhn Zin--W-sav Hcp

hn`mKw ]fin-Xm A`n-{]m-b-sSpp. `qan-bn Fhn-sSsb-nepw amkw IWvSm aXnsbv asmcp hn`mKw. IvsImWvSvZin A\nhmcyamsWv qcn`mKw. ZintWvSXnspwJfin-X-amb IW-ns\ Ah-ew-_n-m-sapw asmcp hn`m-Kw. N{s DZb hyXymkw Xocpam-\n-tWvSXv \akvImcwNpcpn \akvIcn-p Zqc]cn-[n-bm-sWv Nne. IW-nsASn-m-\-n-em-sWv ap Nne. Zin--Xmbn ]d-bpkmnIfpsS Fn `nX. Xm IWv D]tbmKnm-sav \yq\]w. Xm\pw sImm\pw IWv \njn-amsWv asmcp hn`mKw. Cu nX N{amk \nbns

{]iv\w {]knbnmXmsWv hyampnt? CXv Xocpam-\n-m thWvSn am{Xw Fn-\mWv Hcp kwLS\ {]hn-p-Xv?

Dcw: Ckvemanse ASn-m-\-]-c-amb hnj-b--fnXs ]fin-Xmn-Sbn `nX ImWmw. ASn-m\ {]am-Wfnepw nX ImWmw. aZvl_pIfpw kzlm_namcpsS A`n{]mbfpw Jnbmkpw CPvamDw {]amWamtWm? acWshsc

hnfnv CkvXnKmk sNphm ]mSptWvSm? alm-m-cpsS lJv,Pmlv, _v apXem-b-hsImWvSv Amlphnt\mSv {]mnp-hm ]mSptWvSm? Cu tNmZy-v apkvenw ]fin-X-mp adp]Sn `nX \nd--Xm-Wv. \akvIm-cns ka


23/202

22

b, cq], Jp\qv HmX, kv{XoIfpsS ]n {]thi\w, JpXp_:bpsS `mj. Xdmho^v \akvImcns dIvAXpI, \_nZn\w BtLmjn, _dmvcmhv, XJo sNm,

JpB sImWvSv a{n-, knlvdv _m[, Pnv _m[ apXemb hnjb-fn Fmw`nXI ImWmw. AXn\m Cuhnj-b-v {]k-n-bn-sv h-h\pw ]d-bptam? tIc-f-n Jmfn-am-cm-bn-cpp N{-am-k\nbw \Sn-bn-cpXv.N{-amk \nb-ns {]iv\w A{][m-\am-sW-n Fn-\mWv lnem Inn cq]oIcn-Xv? amkn-dhn Zin-pshvkmn-I {]Jym-]n-npw Fn\v Cu sImp tIc-f-n

t\mpw s]cpmfpw ]e hjfnepw cWvSv Znhkfnemn?N{-amk \n-b-n\v Jmfn-am-cpsS kwL-S\ Fn\vDWvSmn? ]en-ibpw aZy-]m-\hpw Ckvemw hntcm-[n--Xm-sW-Xn A`n-{]m-b-`n-Xbn-. Cu \njn-- apkvenwIn-S-bn hf-sc-b-[nIw hym]n-p-Ibpw sNbvXn-p-WvSv. FnpwChsb {]Xn-tcm-[n-phm Fmhcpw tNv FpsImWvSvkwLS\ DWvSm-n-bn?

Xdm-holv \akvImcw Hcp hn`mKw 23 dIvAp \akvIcn-p. \akvImcn Jp\qv HmXn. Iqp{]m\ \Sn, ssIs\n\v Xmsg sIn. Ccw kwK-Xn -I sImWvS vAapkvenwI Ckvemans\ hnIr-X aX-ambn Zin-p-I-bn-.Fm t\mpw s]cpmfpw aqv Znhkfn-embn A\pjvTn-p--XvsImWvSv Ckvemans\ Ah hf-sc-b-[nIw sXn--cn-pp. ZnhkfpsS ]hn{XXsb amnadnpp. Hcp IpnbpsS

P\\Znhkhpw Hcp a\pjys acWZnhkhpw Amlp P\v \Inb N{amks ASnm\amn tcJsSpphm km[yamsX hcpp. sseep JZv Hcp Znhknam{XamsWv ]cnip JpB\neqsS Amlp {]Jym]npp. aqtm \mtem Znk-h--fn ae-p-Isf Cdn ssee-p JZv kw`hnnphm apkvenwI Amlphns\ \n_n-n-pp?!.

N{-am-k \nbw \nmc {]iv\am-sW-n Cu \nm-cX t\mpw s]cpmfpw cWvSpw aqpw Znhkamphm thWvSnXs {]tbm-Kn-W-saptWvSm? ]cn-ip JpB\pw \_n-


24/202

23

N-cybpw aZvl_ns Cam-apIfpw ke^o ]fin-Xmcpw "`qan-bn BZy-ambn amkn-dhn DWvSm-bm AXns\ ASn-m-\amn N{-amkw \n-bn--W-sav' \nt-in--Xns\ ASn-

m\amn t\mnsbpw s]cpmfnsbpw N{amk \nb-n-sbpw hnjb-n apkvenw temIv sFIy-apWvSm-phm thWvSn {]tbm-Kn-pIqsS?

Hcp hnj-b-n apkvenwI-fpsS CPvamAv (G-Im-`n-{]m-bw) Cm-Xn-cn-p-Ibpw ]fin-X-mn-S-bn `nX DWvSm-hpIbpw sNp]w {]kvXpX hnjbn Hcp ]finXXs KthjW-ns ASn-m-\n Hc`n-{]mbw {]ISn-n-

pIbpw Bflh\ \SmXncnpItbm Xs a\xkmnvFXn-cmbn {]hn-m-Xn-cn-pItbm sNp ]w Atlns t\sc i{XpXbpw ]Ibpw {]ISnnmXncnphm\pwAtlns CkvemanI {]h-\v {]Xn-_-krjvSn-m-Xn-cn-p-hm-\p-amWv \mw {ian-t-WvS-Xv. \_n(-kz)-bpsSbpw A\p-N-c-m-cp-sSbpw aZvl_ns Cam-ap-I-fp-sSbpwbYm ke^o ]finXmcpsSbpw Zi\w C{]Imcambn

cpp. adnp `nX hnjbns {]m[m-\yhpw t{ijvTXbpwIpdv ImWphm am\ZfiampIb Ah sNbvXncpXv.

.GLCG a UCG K ~La cG M GPEG (U) dG SQ b (Q) UdG H hY Y(eh QdG) LCG a CNCG K ~La M GPEGh

Awdv(-d) \nthZ\w: ""\_n(-kz) Acpfn. Hcp hn[n ]d-bph KthjWw sNbvXv hn[n ]dbpIbpw Xs hn[n icn

bmhpIbpw sNbvXm Ah\v cWvSp {]Xn- -eapWvSv. Ah\vsXv ]n-bm Hcp {]Xn- -ehpapWvSv'' (_pJmcn: 7352, apkvenw:1716).


25/202

24

3. kabw sXnp t\Xmmcpw{]hmNIs \ntihpw{]hmNIs \ntihpw{]hmNIs \ntihpw{]hmNIs \ntihpw{]hmNIs \ntihpw

Ckvemanse Bcm[\m I kabw sXnpsImWvSv\nln-phm t\XrXzw \Ip t\Xm-mcpw `cWm-[n-Im-cn-Ifpw cmPm-mcpw cwK{]thi\w sNpsav \_n(-k)\s DWpIbpWvSmbn. Ccw k`n Ckvemans\nti aplZv \_n(-k) \apv \IpXv Xmsg hnh

cn-pp.oAnrTnCG roon rnJ oAGnneoG p~rnH rornnY oonnS nsfpEG (U) dG SQ b (Q)edG H IOY Y:nnb?ronne unUoG psdG noSnQnj loLnQ nnna nprbnpd nInsdG Gonna norbnhnngrnj snM nprbnpd pInsdG pnY

(~nrMnGnh nLne orHGh OohGnOoHnG) nrpT rpG rnnfD_mZ-v(-d) ]d-bpp: ""Am-lp-hns ZqX Acpfn:

Xo-bmbpw Nne t\Xm-m \nv DWvSm-IpXm-Wv.]e kwKXnIfmepw \akvmcw AXns kabv \nlnpXn \npw Ahsc A{ibnempw. icnbmb kabw\jvS-s-p-t]m-Ip--Xp-hsc. Atm \n \a-kvImcwAXns ka-bv Xs \n-ln-p-hn. Atm HcmtNmZnp. Amlphns ZqXtc! Rm AhcpsS IqsS \akvIcn-tWvSXptWvSm? \_n(-k) {]Xypcw \In. \o Dtin-ppshn \akvIcnpsImpI'' (A_qZmhqZv: 433, C_v\p

amP:) s]cpm \akvIm-csf \_n(-k) ChnsS Hgn-hm-pn. A{IanIfmb apkvenw `cWm[nImcnIfpsS Iogn Pohn


26/202

25

p apkvenwI AhcpsS IqsS ]sSpp. \akvIcnm]w Ah h[npIfbpItbm Xs kv IhsSppItbm sNpsav `b-sSp k`-nt]mepw \akvIm-c

AXns ka-bv \n-ln-m \_n(-k) Iev]n-p.tijw Xs icochpw [\hpw `cWm-[n-Im-cn-Ifn \nv kwcn-tWvSXmb \n_w DWvSm-bm Ah \akvIcn-ptm Ahscbpw (hoWvSpw) ]nXpSp \akvIcn-phm\_n(-k) A\paXn \In.

nopoj nAGnneoG nrnnY rnfnc GnPpG nrfnG nrnc qQnP nHnG nj (U) psdG ooSnQ pd nnb :nnb (Q) xQnP pHnG rnY

nnrcnQrOnG rpna nprbnpd nInsdG unU :nnb ?pfroerCnJ nna psdG noSnQ nj ornb .nInsdG nhooerDnj nnb rhnG ?nInsdG(FdGh eh ~MGh OhGO HG) npanf nnd nsfpna ronne nunna ronneA_qZdv(-d) \nth-Z\w: ""\_n(-k) FtmSv ]d-p.

A_qZtd, \akvImcw AXns kabw sXnp \nlnp`cWm-[n-Im-cn-I \ns `cn-m \o FpsNpw? \_ntbXm FmWv FtmSv Iev]n-psXv Rm tNmZn-p.\_n(k) ]dp: \o \akvImcs AXns kabv Xs

\nlnpI. \o Ahsc IWvSpapnbm AhcpsSIqsSbpw\akvIcn-pI. AXp \n\v kpm-IpXmWv'' (\n_-an-) (A_q-Zm-hqZv: 431, 432, AlvaZv, apkvenw. \m-Cu) atXXc Cy-bn Cu \n_-m-h t]mepan-.

ond GonrSna psdG pnppH oonj Gk~rnY rornnY oprnrSnG rnd (U) psdG ooSnQ nnb(Q) prnoM uoG rnY(e) GopWnGnh

Dp lpssk(-d) \nthZ\w, \_n(-k) Acpfn: ""Hcp ASn-abmWv \nfptSta A[nImcw GsSpsXnepw JpBASn-m-\-amn Ah \nsf \bn-p ]w \nAh ]dbpXv tIpIbpw A\pkcnpIbpw sNphn''(apkvenw: 1838)

(eh QdG) phornrdG pa onYsdG nsfpG (U) psdG ooSnQ nnb (Q) qpnY rnYAen(-d) \nth-Z\w: ""\_n(-k) Acpfn: t\Xm--msc

]nXpSc \bn am{XamWv'' (_pJmcn: 7145)(QdG) pnprnrdG pa nnYnW n mnjGnhpQ panh

\_n(k) Acpfn: ""sXn bmsXmcp A\pkcWbpan''


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(_pJmcn: 7257)

(e) mpFn nnernd psdG pa onnf n soc nnrjnG unrdpH nonf rnG nnYnh .... (Q) nInOnoY rnYC_mZ(d) \nthZ\w............. ""Fm FhnsSbmbncpmepw

kXyw Xpdp ]d-bphm \_n(-k) RtfmSv Iev]n-n-pWvSv.Amlphns Imcyn R Bscbpw `bsSmXncnphm\pw'' (apkvenw: 1709)

(edGh OhGOHGh FdG) mpFnL mnroS n~rpY xnM onpnc pOnprdG onranG (U) psdG ooSnQ nnb\_n(k) Acpfn: Ghpw t{ijvTamb bpw A{Ianbmb

Hcp `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-bpsS apn shmbmepw kXyw Xpdv

]d-b-emWv (A_q-Zm-hq-Zv, \Cu XpapZn)


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4. Ckvemapw KthjWhpw4. Ckvemapw KthjWhpw4. Ckvemapw KthjWhpw4. Ckvemapw KthjWhpw4. Ckvemapw KthjWhpw

tNmZyw: 4CkvemanI hnjbfn KthjWw \SpXns aX]camb asmcp hihpwIqSn A_vZp laoZv aZo\n hniZoIcn-pp. JpB-\n-sbpw kpn-sbpw hy-amb \ntisImWvSv ncs hnjbn CPvXnlmZv (KthjWw)A\phZ\ob-a. lnem Zi\w sImtWvS amkamw Xocpam-\nm ]mSpq FXv JpB sImWvSpw lZokpsImWvSpw

CPvamAv sImWvSpw hy-ambpw ncs XXz-am-Wv. AXn\vC\n Hcp CPvXn-lm-Zn\p {]k-n-bn (\yq aqWpw amk-n-d-hnbpw: tUm. C.sI. AlZv Ipn-bpsS AhXm-cnI (t]Pv:14)Cu {]kvXmh\ icnbmtWm?

Dcw: JpB\nepw kpnepw ncs Hcp hnjb-nepw KthjWw ]mSn-. AXpt]mse CPvamAv sImWvSvncs hnjb-nepw KthjWw ]mSn-. CXn Bpw

A`n{]mb`nXbn. Fm lnem Zi\w sImtWvS amkamw Xocp-am-\n-p-hm ]mSp-p, Cs imkv{Xo-b-ambIWv AXn-p-]-tbm-Kn-p-hm ]mSn- F hmZ-n\v]npW \Ip JpB-\n-stbm kpn-stbm kqN\t]mepw ImWphm km[npIbn. {]XypX imkv{Xob IWpI D]tbmKnpXn\p sXfnhpIfmWv JpB\nepwkpnepw ImWpXv. ]qoIcmb [mcmfw ]finXm

C{]Imcw {]Jym-]n-pIbpw sNpp. Camw djoZv dnfm(-d)-bpsS X vko Aa\mdn Cu bmYmyw hyamb sXfnhns ASn-m-\n hnhcn-pp. (hn-iZoIcWw hcpp


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WvSv) GsXnepw hnjbn CPvamAv DWvSmbnptWvSm FXn Xs ]fin-Xmn-Sbn `nX ImWmw.

""C_v\plkw(d) Xs AAlvImav F {Kn

AlvaZv_v\p l(-d) ]d--Xmbn Adm-ln-Xns aIA_vZpbn \nv \nthZ\w sNpp. ""Hcm C hnjb-n CPvamAv DsWvSv hmZn-m Abm ]d-Xv Ifhm-Wv. hh\pw CPvam-Cs\ hmZn-m Ah I hmZn-bmWv''(D-kq-ep ^nJln: t]Pv: 43). Alvep lZokn-sbpw Cam-amb Camw AlaZv_\pl(d) C{]Imcw ]dXmbn {]kn-s an- In-Xm-_p-I-fnepw D-cn-p--Xp-ImWmw (Camw

jum-\n-bpsS Cjm-Zp^plq, apkap kp_qv)C_v\p lkw(-d) Xs FgpXpp. ""CPvamCs {]iv\

n Rm ]fin-X-cp-ambn hntbm-Pn-p asmcp ewAkXyw m]n-m thWvSn CPvamAv nc-s-Smev CPvam-Av DsWvSv ]e epw Ah hmZn-pXn-t\m-SmWv. (A--ClvImav: 4131) (tkm-h-\o apPm-lnZvkwm\ ktf\w92, t]Pv 198). Camw Jmfn(d)bpsS CPvamAv

hmZs ]e epw Camw \hhn(-d) Jfin-pp. Camw\h-hn(-d)-bp-sSbpw C_v\p apZn-dn-sbpw CPvamAv hmZs]ecwKpw C_v\p lP(-d) tNmZyw sNpp. Cu ]n-I C-{]Imcw \oWvSp t]mIpXp ImWmw. Xdmholns dIvAXpIfpsS Fw, aqv Xzem-Jns hnjbw, Ppap-AJp-Xp-_bpsS`mj, \akvImcn ssI sI, apXemb hnjbfn kakvXbnse ]finXm XfpsS hmZn\v CPvamAv Dcn

m-dpWvSv. Ckvemln {]m\w Cu hnjb-fn CPvam-Cs\FXnpIbm-sWv Btcm-]n-m-dpWvSv. Atm CXptIpioen Hcp hnai\am-b-Xn-\m IqSpX hniZoIcn-tWvSXmb Bhiyan. ]pdsa aZo\nbpsS ]pkvXIn\v AhXmcnI Fgp-Xnb ]fin-Xs hmZw ASn-m-\-c-ln-X-am-sWv]pkvXIw Xs {]Jym]npXp ImWpI ""Fm apXvcn v,A_q Amkv, C_v\p JpssX_'' t]mse-bp hfscsNdnb Hcp hn`mKw ]fin-X-m-cpsS A`n-{]mbw amk-n-dhnDWvSmbm aXn, IpsImWvSv IWvSnsnepw J_psImWvSpIWvSm aXn FmWv. HpIqSn hy-ambn ]d-m amkw


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29-\v kqcy AkvXan--tijw N{Ihm-fn N{ DsWvSn Av ]ndhn bYmn DWvSmbnpWvSv. ]t ImtaLw, ]pI]Se apXemb ImcW sImWvSv amkndhn

ImWm Ign-n-n-snepw Av ]ndhn DWvSv Fv Jfin-Xamb tKmfimkv{X IW-ns ASn-m-\n \apv a\n-em-m Ign-m Av id-C--mbn amkn-dhn kw`-hn--XpsImWvSv B cm{Xn apX Xs ]pXnb amkw ]ndXmbnIW-mn t\mpw s]cp-mfpw BN-cn-m-hp--XmWv. CuXXz-amWv amkn-dhn \nbn-pXn tKmf imkv{XIWvAh-ew-_n-m-sav ]d-bp ta ]d ]fin-X-m-cpsS

\ymbw. CXns\ \mw ]qambpw Xnfbpn. (\yq aqWpwamkn-d-hn-bpw: F. A_vZp laoZv aZo\n, t]Pv: 17)

""lnem Zi\w sImtWvS amk-amw Xocp-am-\n-m]mSpq FXv JpB sImWvSpw lZokpsImWvSpw CPvam-Av sImWvSpw hy-ambpw ncs XXz-am-Wv''. Fv AhXm-cn-I-bn Fgp-Xn-bXv icn-bm-sW-n {K-Im-c Fgp-Xn-bXv If-hm-sWv nc-s-Spw. Ah-Xm-cn-I-bn Xs Fgp-

Xpp: ""Jfin-Xamb tKmfimkv{X IW-\pkcnv amkw 29-\v amkn-dhn DWvSm-Im Znhkw amkw IWvSpshv Bscnepw ]d-m IWv kzoIcn-psImWvSv B ImgvN Xnckvcn-tWvSXmWv (AhXm-cn-I, t]Pv: 12). Atm Ccwamkfn AXm-bXv IWp aptJ\ kqcy AkvXan-pXns apv Xs N{ AkvXanpt]mIpsav Adnbp amk-fn N{-amk -amw Xocp-am-\n-p-Xv Zi\w sImWvS

{]XypX IWv sImWvSm-Wv. Fm IWp aptJ\ kqcyAkvXan tijamWv N{ AkvXan-pI Fv Adn-bpamk--fn N{-am -k-amw Xocp -am -\n -p -Xv Zi\wsImWvSmWv FmWv Ctlw ]d-bpXv. Cu hmZw icn-bm-sWXn\v JpBs bmsXmcp kqN\bpan. Hcp hmtdmelZo-kn t]mepw C{]-Imcw A`n-{]m-b-s-Sp-n-. im^nCuaZvl_nse ]nme ]fin-Xm-cn Nne am{Xam-Wv C{]Imcw ]d-bpXv. aplZv \_n(-k)tbm klm-_n-hcy-mtcm29s Znhkw ImgvNsb IWv sImWvSv Xnf Hscmkw`hhpw Dcnpn. GsXnepw 29s Znhkw P\


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tfmSv amkn-d-hn-bptWvSm Fvt\m-tWvSXn-sv \ntin-nn. laoZv aZo\n Xs FgpXpp: ""\_n(k)bpsS PohnXIm-ev kzlm-_n-am amkw 29-\v ]ndhn t\mpI ]Xn-hm-bn-

cpp.'' (\yq aqWpw amkn-d-hnbpw t]Pv: 31). Atm XmIW-p]tbm-Kn-mw, sImm ]mSn F cWvSv tXmWn-bn Htc kabw Imen-Sp hnIeamb Cu A`n-{]m-b-n-\mWvJp-B-\n-sbpw lZo-knsbpw CPvam-C-sbpw hy-amb\ntiw DsWvSv ]d-bpXv!!! F.hn. kcnb t]msebph ]dbpXv s]cpmfnsbpw dafm t\mnsbpw amk am{XamWv Zi\w sImWvSv amkamw Xocpam-\n-tWvS

Xpq Fm-Wv. apam-k IWv sImWvSv am-kamwXocpam\nmsapamWv. Cv Ch kzoIcnpt]mcpXpw C{]Im-cam-Wv. Fm amkhpw 29-s Znhkw amkn-dhn IWvSmAdn-bn-phm Ch ]ckyw sNm-dn-. Atm GXv hnjb-n-emWv CPvamAv DWvSm-b-sXv Ch hy-am-Ww.

FmWv CPvamAv

(eGG L) c eCG CG Y Y (U) ~fi Iah ~H eCG ~ JG ghCPvam-Av FXv aplZv \_n(-k)-bpsS kapZm-b-nse

Kth-jWw sNp ]fin-X-m Ahn-Sps ac-W-tijwGsXnepw ImeLn GsXnepw Imcyn tbmPnemWv. (Pwap Phm-an-Av: 1-176)

QeCG e eG Y QYCG e Y Jah ~H (U) ~fi eG ~ JEG a(dG OTQG)CPvamAv FXv aplZv \_n(kz)bpsS kapZmbnse

Kth-jI ]fin-X-m GsX-nepw Imcy-n GsX-nepw\qm-WvSn, \_n-bpsS ac-W-ti-jw, GtIm-]n--emWv (CimZp ^plq). Atm Hcp-Im-ev Hcp ew apkvenw]fin-X-m DsWvSv \mw kn-p-I. Ch apgp-h\pw

hy-amb \nev Xs \yq aq N{-am-kns amw a\nemphm Hcp \nepw D]tbmKnphm ]mSnsv A`n{]m-b-sm CXn-\mWv Cu hnjb-n CPvamAv DsWvSv


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]dbpI. Asn Ch Fmw imkv{Xoamb IWns\ amkamw Xocpam-\n-phm {]tbm-P-\sSp \njn--am-sWvA`n-{]m-b-sp. Fn Cu hnjb-n CPvamAv DsWvSv

]dbmw. Hcp ]finX am{Xw Xs A`n{]mbw hyammsXau\w ]menm CPvamAv ncsSpIbn. AXp sXfnhpa.kXyw \yq\]ns IqsSbmhm\mWv IqSpX km[yX.CPvamC Cu \yq\]hpw {]thinpXpsImWvSmWv sXfnhmIpXv. AmsX `qcn]ns A`n{]mbw CkvemansXfnhmpXpsImWvS. Camw Kmen(d) ]dbpp:

nnY to~nJ lQnrNnG rnOnQnh r~nbnh nrnc ppa lpNGnO OGnordG nrnrdG snG nnrnpd ppnrdG p nrLG rpe s~oH nnhlpnbnh :ndnnJ nnbnh noprnj n rogonrcnCGnh ndnnJ nnbnh ntnbnG mpnernj nognh U nnb ornM unrdG prgnG pspb(G) oQosdG pOnpY rpe

""Fmhcpw tbmPn CPvamC A\nhmcyamWv. kXyns BfpIfmb \yq\]hpw {]thin-n-psWvSv Ddvhcpphm Xobmbpw kXyns BfpI \yq\]ambn-cn-psav h-am-\fn hn-pWvSv. \_n(-k) ]dp:kXyns BfpI Av Ipdhmbncnpw. Amlp ]dbpp:`qcn]w BfpIfpw _pn D]tbmKnpn. Amlp ]dbpp: Fs Zmkm-cn Aev]w am{XamWv \n ImWn-ph'' (apkvXkzv m: 1183)

tNmZyw 5CPvamD-I-fn aqmw m\-p-Xv GsX-nepw Hcp

\qm-WvSnse ]fin-Xm Hcp hnjb-n hnhn[ A`n-{]m-b- tcJ-sSpn. Fm asmcp ]fin-X ChcpsS Fm-hcpsSbpw A`n{]mbn\v hncpamb Hc`n{]mbhpambn cwKphcm ]mSn-.... (D-kzq-ep ^nIz-lv-206) (\yq aqWpw amkn-d-hnbpw t]Pv. 83). Atm Cu hmN-Ins ASn-m-\n Kth-jWw (CPvXnlm-Zv) sNp--Imew Ah-km-\n-p-

sh-mtWm a\-n-em-t-WvSXv?Dcw: Hcp hnj-b-n apkvenw ]fin-X-m ]eA`n{]mb {]ISnnp. AhcpsS A`n{]mbsfmw hyXym


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ksXmsWnt]mepw Hcp XXzn CPvamAv DsWvSnB CPvamAv DWvSmb XXz-n\v FXn-cmbn A`n-{]m-b-{]IS\w\S-p-hm ]mSn-. Cu \nb-as \mapw AwKo-I-cn-p-p.

CPvamC\p ]fin-Xm ]d hyhI ]men-psImWvSvCPvamAv Hcn-epw DWvSm-hm km[yXbnsv Camw AlaZv(-d) {]Jym-]n-Xv \mw D-cn-p. GXv XXz-n GXv ImeL-n-emWv CPvamAv DWvSm-b-sXv BZyw hy-am--Ww.tijw B ImeLn F{X ]fin-Xm DWvSm-bn-cppshv hy-am--Ww. Ah-scmw Xs \yqaq N{-am-k-ns amw a\-n-em-p-hm bmsXm-cp-\n-epw {]tbm-P-\-

s-Sp-phm ]mSn Fv hy-ambn ]d-b-Ww. A`n-{]mb`nX Dcnsn FXpsImWvSv {]amWamb CPvamCs]cn[nbn {]thinpIbn. GXm\pw ]finXm A`n{]mbw{]I-Sn-n-p. Ah-cpsS A`n-{]m-b-samw tbmPn-mepw AXn\vCPvamAv Fv ]d-bpIbn-. CPvam-D-pIpn FmWv CXn\v]dbpI. {KImc Xs Cu bmYmyw hyampXpImWpI. ""JpB\n\pw kpn\pw kcn-Xcmb kzmlm_n

ns amXrIpw FXncmbXpsImWvSv Idphmhv am\Zfiam-n-bp lnPvd IeWvS A\pkcnv t\mpw s]cpmfpwBNcnm ]mSn FmWv. CXn\v `mKnIamb CPvamAv (CPvamDpIpn) Fv ]d-bmw (\yq aqWpw amkn-d-hn-bpw. laoZvaZn\n: t]Pv: 51)

CPvamAv ]cn-KWn-phm inbm hn`mKw ]fin-Xmsc]cn-KWn-tWvSXptWvSm FXnepw A`n-{]m-b-`n-XbpWvSv.

lv sNphm\pw apw Ahv kXapXn\m Ahscbpw]cn-KWn-W-sav Hcp hn`mKw A`n-{]m-b-sSpp. (D-kq-ep^nJvlv: 40). CPvam-D-pIpn (`m-Kn-Iamb CPvam-Av) sXfn-hv Camw im^nCu(-d) t]mepw hy-am-p-p-WvSv. kpn]fin-X-m t]mepw CXp AwKo-I-cn-p-p. kwhm-Z-vhyh FgpXptm kpIqXnbmb CPvamAv sXfnhmphm]mSn-sv Ahcpw k-Xn-m-dpWvSv. Camw Km-en(-d) ]d-bpp.

ppcnS ndpEG onrnj nnh o nrLpEG r~pnrnj rnd nhonNBG nnnSnh inrnpH pnHnsdG nrnH nranG GnPpG


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(G) prnb""Nne kzlm-_n-am Hcp hnj-b-n aX-hn[n \In.

aph au\w ]men-p. Fm CPvamAv kw`-hn-pIbn-.

ImcWw au\w Zonp HcmfpsS t]cnepw Hc`n{]mbhpwtNsSpIbn'' (apkXzkv^m: 1188)

Camw jum-\n(-d) FgpXpp

p~jp~nrdGpa ppasdG snf osfpG p~oeBGnh pRGsdGnh pdGnn rdG nnbnh msoM nnh m nrLpEpH nrnd osfG(dG OTQEG)

""Camw im^n(-d)-bpsS Jfin-Xhpw Ahkm-\t-Xpamb

A`n-{]mbw CXv CPvamAv A, sXfn-hpa FXmWv'' (Cim-Zp ^plq)

njp~pnrordG npe pOGnranG ornH inCGnQ ppfrnc rpe oornj n osfnGnh ksoM nrnd osfnG ndpEG oQorordG nngnna( dG UG)

CPvamD-pIpn sXfn-hsv `qcn-]w ]fin-XmcpwA`n-{]mbsSpp. ImcWw CXp Nne ]fin-Xm-cpsS A`n-{]m-b-amWv (Fm apkvenw ]fin-Xm-cpsSbpw A`n-{]m-b-a)(C-kp-ep^n-Jvlv t]Pv:45). lnPvd: 746 - ac-W-sC_v\pkCuZp Xz_ncnbpsS {Kn FgpXpp.

(VhdG T) ndrhnG nognh nna spGnh nnnreG n nrLpEG opdsdG nnanQ rnG npbhaqm-as A`n-{]mbw CPvamCs\ FXnpXm-sW-

n {]ISnn-phm ]mSn-. Am--]w hntcm-[an-. CuA`n-{]m-b-amWv Ghpw A\p-tbm-Py-am-bXv (ilp- apJvXkz-

dn dufm 188). kpIqnbmb CPvamAv sXfnhsbv Ctlwhy-am-pp (t]Pv:27)


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5. N{amk \nbhpw5. N{amk \nbhpw5. N{amk \nbhpw5. N{amk \nbhpw5. N{amk \nbhpwhn]coXm sXfnhpwhn]coXm sXfnhpwhn]coXm sXfnhpwhn]coXm sXfnhpwhn]coXm sXfnhpw

tNmZyw 6""ChnsS aWnIv^m \S-p Zphym-Jym\w \

A-c-m-\-an-m--h-cm-Wv. Fgp-Xp-hm\pw hmbn-p-hm\pwAdnbn. Atm FgpXphm\pw IWpIqm\pw Adnbm-XpsImWvSmWv amkw t\mn ImWm ]d--Xv. Cv FgpXm\pw IW-p-Iq-m\pw Ign-bp--Xp-sImWvSv amkw t\mt-

WvSXn-. aWn-Iv^m Xs 40 sIms KthjW-n-eqsSFn-t \nKa\w Chn-sSbpw Fgpsn-pp. hmN-In {]tXy-Iambn ]d Imcy-ns hn]coXw ]d-bm--

Xn\v, NpansImSppXn\v dfl e dO (hn]coXmnssXfnhv) FmWv ]dbpI. AXmbXv AcfneqsS ]dHcp hn[n-bpsS t\sc hn]coXw ]d-bm--Xn\v NpapI. CXvFm-hcpw AwKo-I-cn-p {]am-W-a. AwKo-I-cn-p--hXs ]e \n_-\Ifpw shn-pWvSv. CsXmcp {]am-WambnAwKoIcn-m Ckvemanse ]hn-{Xamb \nbasf hnIr-Xam-p ]e XXz-fpw \mw AwKoIcn-tWvSn-hcpw. DZm-lcWw: \n-fpsS ASna kv{XoI Nmcn-{X-ip-n-tbmsS Pohn-m B{Klnppshn sFlnIPohnX hn`hw B{KlnpsImWvSv \n Ahsc thiym-hr-nv "\n_-n-cpXv'(24:33) Cu Bbv ta]d a^v-lqap apJm-e^ F XXz-a\pkcnv ]cn-tim-[np t\mq. \nfpsS ASna kv{XoINmcn-{Xipn-tbmsS Pohn-m B{Kln-pn-sn ]Wwkm-Zn-m thWvSn Ahsc thiym-hr-nv \n_-n-mw.


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asmcpZmlcWw: BImifpw qanbpw krjvSn Znhkw apXAmlp tcJ-sSpn-bX\pkcnv Am-lphns ASpamkfpsS Fw ]{WvSm-Ipp. Ahbn \msew (bp

w) hne--s ]hn-{X-am-k--fm-Ip-p. AXmWv h{I-X-bn-m aXw. AXn-\m, B (\m-ev) amk--fn \n-tfmSvA{Iaw {]hn-cpXv. (9:36) Cu Bb-ns a^vlqw apJm-e^ BZcWobamb \mev amkfn am{XamWv A{Iaw \njn-am-IpXv. _mn Fp amkfnepw A{Iaw \Smw Fphcpp. A{Iaw Fpw \njnamWpXm\pw. JpB\nepw lZoknepw C-cn-ep {]tbm-K \nch[n-bpWvSv. Ahbn

t\sc sNms (aZqJv) kzoI-cn-p-I-b-msX ]d-b-s-Sm--Xn\v hn]coX lpIvav \I CkvemanI ho-W-n Hcn-epw AwKoIcnphm ]pIbnsv hyambtm. {]tXyInv amkw ImWmsX \n t\msSpcpXv. amkw ImWmsX\n t\mv apdn-cpXv F \_n hN\w \psS apnDWvSm-bn-cn-ptm (\yq aqWpw amkn-d-hnbpw, t]Pv: 46) Cu{]kvXm-h\ F{Xtmfw icn-bmWv?

Dcw: 1. ]cn-ip Jp-B-\n \n-fpsS ASnakv{XoI Nmcn-{X-ip-n-tbmsS Pohn-m B{K-ln-p-p-sh-n sFlnI PohnX hn`hw B{KlnpsImWvSv \n Ahscthiym-hr-nv \n_-n-cpXv (24:33) F kqw am{Xam-Wv hy`n-Nm-cs hntcm-[n--Xmbn hn-pXv, hy`n-Nm-cshntcm[np bmsXmcp sXfnhpw JpB\nepw lZokpIfnepw

Cu kq-n\v ]pdsa hn-n-, Fn Nmcn{X ipntbmsSPohn-m B{Kln-pn-sn ]Ww km-Zn-m thWvSnASn-akv{XoIsf thiym-hr-nv \n_-n-m-sav hh\pwa vlqap apJme^ sXfnhv ]nSnv hymJym\np]w AhHcn-epw hnai\n\v hnt[b-\m-hpIbn-. Fm aplZv\_n(k) Hcnepw Fs kapZmbw \nccXbn \nv ]ptcmKXn {]m]nv FgpXm\pw IW-pIq-m\pw Adnhv Icam-n-

bmepw IWv D]tbm-Knv N{-amkw \nbn-m ]mSn-,Ay-Zn\w hsc Zi-\s Xs ASn-m-\-am--W-sav\ntinnn. \_n(k) IWv A\pkcnv N{amkw \nbn-p--Xns\ hntcm-[n-n-p-sWvSv {]kvXm-hn-p Hcp


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hmtdme lZokv t]mepw D-cn-sSpn-. IW-n-eqsS C{Xan\p v Cam-kapsWvSv \nv t_my-sp, FmepwAdnhn anI Dulw (Kmen_pfzv) am{Xw e`np ctWvSm

]tm BfpI amkndhn Zinp Fv ]dbp kmnXzwCsn Adn-hn Jfin-Xhpw Ddpw e`n-p IW-ns\Dt]n-W-sav \_n(-k) Iev]n-n-n-. \nv XmIWv D]tbm-Kn-mw sImm IWv D]tbm-Kn-m ]mSn-sv, ""hh\pw _ Xnm kzn {]thin-psav'' ]d-bpXpt]msebp hmtdme lZokpIfn t]mepw\_n(-k) {]Jym-]n--Xmbn D-cn-sSpn-. A{Iaw \n

{]hn-cpsXv Ctlw D-cn (9:36) kq-n am{XamWv Amlphpw Ahs ZqX\pw hntcm[nsXn Cu Bbns a^vlpw apJm-e^ sXfnhv ]nSn-psImWvSv BZcWob-amb \mev amk--fn am{X-amWv A{Iaw \njn--am-Ip-XvFv hh\pw ]d-bp]w Ahs\ hnain-phm Hcp]fin-X\pw AhIm-ian-.

kqcy-\kvXan-pXns 2 an\p v apv N{ AkvXan-

psav IW-n-eqsS \apv t_m[y-amb k`-n amkn-dhn Zin-pshv ]v t] ]d-mepw Cu kmyXzwIf-hm-sWpw AXns\ kzoI-cn-m ]mSn-spw {K-Im-c\pw AhXmcI\pw kXnppWvSv. Fm kqcy AkvXan--tijw 2 an\pv am{Xw N{I-hm-f-n Ah-ti-jn-pN{s\ \qdv t] Zinp Fv ]dbp]w ChcpsS kmnXzhpw IfhmWv. 2 an\p v N{Ihmfn Ahtijnp]w

N{s\ Zinpshv HtmctWvSm BfpI Ifhv ]dmN{-amkw amdn-b-Xmbn ]cn-KWn-Ww. Fm Cu Ifhv ]d-b kw`-hn-m ]w Jfin-Xhpw kpZr-V-hp-amb Adn-hns\ Dt]n-W-sav aplZv \_n(-k) Hcn-epw \ntinnn. AXmbXv JfinXhpw DdpXpamb Hcp Adnhns\AwKoIcnphm Nne hynI Ifhv ]dbWsav Ckvemw\ntin-pn-. _pnv ncXbp Hcp a\pjy\pw C{]

Imcw ]dbpIbn. 2 an\pp am{Xap N{s\ ZinpshvNne ]d--Xn-\m lnem Inn AXp AwKoIcnv amkamw ]cn-KWn kw`-h hsc tIcfn DWvSm-bn-pWvSv(hn-iZoIcWw hcppWvSv)


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Dcw 2 ""amkw IWvSm \n t\m\pjvTn-phn.amkw IWvSm \n t\mv apdn-phn'' F lZoknshn]coXmns sXfnhv (a vlqap apJme^) Ch sXfnhv

]nSn-pIbpw sNpp. amkn-dhn Zin-m--]w t\m\pjvTn-phm\pw s]cpm BtLm-jn-phm\pw ]mSn FvlZokns\ hymJym-\n- "a^vlpav apJm-e^'bmWv, Amlp]d-bpp: ""Atm \o Ah cWvSm-tfmSpw "sO' Fp]d-b-cpXv (kqd: C{kmAv: 23) iImcnphm Ad_n`mjbn {]tbmKn-p Ghpw eLp-hmb ]Z-amWv'' D^n (sO) FXv.CXpt]mepw ]dbphm ]mSn Fv ]dbptm "IgpX' "]n'

apXemb ]Z {]tbmKnphm ]mSnsv Cu kqn\nv Xs hy-am-Wv.CXpt]mse N{amkw \nbnphm\p Ghpw {]bm

kIcamb coXnbmWv Zi\w FXv. IWmWv Ghpw inbpXpw JfinXhpw DdpXpw. Xm thWvSn IWns\D]-tbm-Kn-m-sav ]d-bp k`-n Ch Xs CubYmyw hyampXpImWmw. Ch Dcnpp: Ama

D_mZn ]dp: ""amk-n-dhn ImWp-I-bn-sv Jfin-X-ambIW-dn-bn-m hniz-kvXcmb kmn-I amkw IWvSp Fv]dmepw AhcpsS kmyw kzoIcnm ]mSn. AhcpsSkmnXzw XnftbWvSXmWv'' (Izbq_n 2:49). (\yq aqWpwamk-n-d-hnbpw t]Pv:16). ]p hyn-I Hcp Imcy-n\vkmn\np ]hpw ZrVamb Adnhv e`npIbn. Adnhns Hcp C\amb anI Dulw am{Xta e`npIbpq shv

Dkqep lZoknsbpw Dkqep nJvlnsbpw ]finXm(\n-Xm\ imkv{X ]fin-Xm) A`n-{]m-b-sSpp. (hn-iZoIcWw AXns A[ym-b-n ImWpI). Atm IWv Adn-bm kaq-ltmSv ImgvN N{-am-kns amw \nbn-phm Ahew_ammsav \_n(k) ]dbptm IWv Adnbp kaqln\v JfinXhpw kpZrVhpamb Adnhv e`npIWns\ Ahew_nmsav {]tXyIw ]dtbWvSXn. amXm

]n-Xm-tfmSv D^v^n (sO) Fv ]d-bphm ]mSnsv JpB ]dbptm IgpX, ]n, ]n apXemb ]Z D]tbmKn-m ]mSn-sv {]tXyIw ]d-tb-WvS-Xn-m--Xp-t]m-se.amkw ImWmsX \n t\ms-Sp--cpXv amkw ImWmsX


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\n t\mv apdn-cpXv Fv \_n(-k) ]d-Xv C{X an\p vN{ DsWvSv Dd-mb Adnhv e`n kaq-ltm-Sm-sWvCh sXfnbnWw. C{]Imcw \_n(k) D]tZinXv IWpw

Fgppadnbm \ncccmb kaqltmSmsWv \_n(k)Xs hniZoIcnpIbpw sNpp. ]pdsa Ch Xs lZokns t\sc sNms (aXzqJv) kzoIcnppan. 29s Avamkn-dhn Zin--Xmbn \qdv t]cv ]d-mepw IW-pambntbmPn-m--]w Ch CXns\ AwKo-I-cn-p-I-bn-. HcpZpeamb lZokn t]mepw IWpambn tbmPnm Zi\w\n AwKoIcn-m aXn-sbv ]d-bpn-. aplZv \_n(-

k)bpsSbpw klm_nhcymcpsSbpw aZvl_ns CamapIfpsSbpw lZokv ]fin-Xm-cpsSbpw Pohn-XIm-ev amkn-dhnIWvSXmbn hniz-kvXm ]d-npw IW-pambn tbmPn-m--Xn-\m AXns\ AhKWn--Xn\v Hscm kw`hw t]mepwD-cn-phm Chp km[ya.

Dcw 3

Amlp ]d-bp-p: ""Atbm hniz-kn--h-sc, hZpamnbpw Fs-nepw hm-bp-ambn \n-fpsS ASp-phm \n bmYmyw At\zjndnbpho'' (kq-d: -lpPqdmv). Amlp ChnsS Hcp Zpamn Fsnepwhm-bp-ambn hm AXns\ \n AwKo-I-cn--cpXvFmWv ]d-bpXv. Atm Hcp hnizmkn h hmbpw\nthZ\w sNbvXm AXp AwKoIcnmsav ncsp. AXn

\m GIkmn \nthZ\w sNp lZokpI {]am-W-am-msav hWvSq kwhmZns thfbn tNIq auehnvFXncmbn \mw sXfnhv Dcnp. Cu Bbns ASnm\n \n Bbns hn]co-Xmns sXfnhv (a-^vlqap apJIme^) ]nSnpIbmsWpw AXp sXfnhspw{]Jym-]n auehn \nfpsS ASna kv{XoI Nmcn-{Xipn-tbmsS Pohn-m B{K-ln-p-p-sh-n Ahsc thiym-hr-

nv \n_ncpsXv ]dbp Bbv DcnpsImWvSvhncm {ian--Xpt]msebmWv laoZv aZo\n hncm {ian-p-Xv.


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6. \yq aq hnhmZhpw an\np Hfntmhpw\np Hfntmhpw\np Hfntmhpw\np Hfntmhpw\np Hfntmhpw

tNmZyw 7lnPvd I-n Hm^v Cysb in-bmbn hnain-p-

sImWvSv cWvSv aqv {K- {]kn-o-I-cn-Xv k{iwhmbnp. Ahbnsemw \yq aq {]iv\s ASn-m-\am-n-smWvSmWv hnai\v hgnI \nnpXv. FmWvbmYmyw?

DcwlnPvd In ASn-m-\-]-c-ambpw auen-I-]-c-ambpw

apkvenw kapZmbtmSv ]dbp XXz Xmsg hnhcnpp

1.`qan-bn Fhn-sSsb-nepw amkw ]nd-Xmbn hnhcwe`nm {]kvXpX hnhcw e`nphscmw Xs AXns\

ASn-m-\amn N{-am-kns amw \nbn-Ww.12 (]{WvSv) amkfpw \nbntWvSXv C{]ImcamWv. Cu A`n{]mbw Ckvemans {]amWfmb JpB\nt\m \_nNcytmnc-s] CPvamCtm hy-amb Jnbm-knt\m FXn-c-.{]XypX A\pIqeamWv.

2. N{-amkw \n-bn-p--Xn DZ-b-hy-Xymkw(CJvXnem^p aXzmen-Av) ]cn-KWn-phm ]mSn-. Cu A`n-

{]mbw Ckvemans {]am-W-v FXn-c. \mev aZvl_nsCam-apI-fpsS A`n-{]m-b-pw FXn-c-. {]XypX {]am-W-pw Cam-apIfpsS A`n-{]m-b-pw A\pIqeam-Wv.


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3. hnZqccmPy, ASp cmPy FXns ASnm\n N{s DZb-hyXymkw \nbnphm km[ya-, N{s Htc DZ-b-n hcp cmPy-sf nc-amb

\nev Hcp ]nIbn sImWvSphcm km[yhpa. N{s DZb-hy-Xymkw amkw-tXmdpw hyXym-k-s-Spw. Nne-tm ASp-p {]tZi Xn DZb-n hyXym-ksSpw. tKmfimkv{X IWv sImWvSv am{Xta CXp Xocpam\nphm km[npIbpq.

amkn-d-hn, ImeKW-\, tKmfimkv{X hnm-\ob-Fo hnjb- N sNpXn-mbn Ipsshv kbkv

_pw Ipsshv Fm-n-jvsa v t^m kbn-^n-vAUzmkvsa v F kwLS\bpw kwbpambn 1989 ""s^{_phcn 27 apX amv Hp hsc \oWvSp\n {XnZn\ skan-\mIpsshn kwLSnnpIbpWvSmbn. tPmZm, bp.F.C, Ham,APo-cn-b, kDuZn Atd-_y, kqUm, ^e-kvXo, IzXz,Ipsshv, CuPn-]vXv, samtdm-tm, ba Fo cmPy-fn\np \nch[n CkvemanI \nb-acpw tKmfimkv{X hnZKv[cpw skan-\m-dn kw_-n-p. IqSmsX Pn Bm-\-am-bp CkvemanI ^nIzvlv Am-Zan, Ad_n eoKns D]LSIamb Ad_v FUyptj kbkv B v I-d HmKss\tkj, Ad_v kb _vkv Atkmkntbj XpSnbkwLS\IfpsS {]Xn\n[nIfpw ]sSppIbpWvSmbn. skan\m AwKoIcn ip]miI

1. Hcp \mn amkw IWvS-Xmbn AwKo-I-cn--s-mapkvenwI Fmhcpw AXwKoIcn \n_amIpp. DZbm\fpsS hyXymkw CXn ]cnKW\oba. FpsImsWvS-m {hXw A\p-jvTn-p--Xn-s\bpw {hX-a-h-km-\n-p-Xn-s\bpw kw_-n id-Cs I\I s]mXpkz-`m-hn DXmWv'' (\yq aqWpw amkn-d-hnbpw, t]Pv: 52)

2. C\n asb ASn-m-\amn Ad^m Zn\w, CuZp

Afzvlm apXembh temI apkvenwIv BNcnpIqsS? BNcn-m-samWv Fs A`n-{]mbw (AtX ]pkvXIw, t]Pv: 65)3. ""1427 ZpJ-AvZv 29, 2006 Unkw_ 20 _p[ kpDu-Zn-


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bn amkw IWvS-Xmbn {]Jym-]n--Xns ASn-m-\-nASp Znhkw hymgw ZplnPv Hv F \nev ZplvH]Xv shnbmgvN Ad^ \nbnp. av Atd_y \mSpI

fnsemw kqcy AkvXanpXn\papv N{ AkvXanpp. Ipsshv 21 an\n- v, _lvssd 19 an\n- v, J 19 an\p v,bp.F.C. 18 an\p v, Ham 13 an\np apv N{ AkvXan-pp.B \mnse ]fin-Xm CsXmpw IW-n-seSpmsX abn shp \S Ad-^bpw lpw tNmZyw sNmsX kzoIcn-pIbmWv sNbvXXv. Cu cmPy-fn Cm amkn-dhnIWvSXmbn Bcpw ]d-n-n-.'' (AtX ]pkvXIw, t]Pv:67)

C\n Atlw Xs Fgp-Xp-p. ""]ndhn D \nnX{]tZ-i--fn GsX-nepw {]tZ-iv amkw IWvSm Av]nd-hn-bp Fm {]tZipw AXv _m[Iam-Wv. CXmWvamkw IWvSm t\msSppI AXv IWvSm t\mv apdn-pIbpw sNpI F \_n hN\ns hym]Imw, Avkqcym-kvXa\n-\ptijw N{-n-dhn Cm {]tZifn]nt Znhkw t\mpw s]cp-mfpw BN-cn-m-hp--Xm-Wv.''

(AtX ]pkvXIw, t]Pv: 62)ChnsS N{-amkw Xocpam-\n-phm DZb-hy-Xymkw ]cn-

KWn-W-sav ]d-bpp. CXpw Ch AwKoIcn-m-dn-. amkn-dhn IWvSm Adn-bn-pI Fv ]dp ]ckyw \Ipw.tIc-f-n Xs IWvS-Xmbn hnhcw e`n-m-Xn-cp-mt\mpw s]cpmfpw {]Jym-]n-m-dn-. abpw tIcfhpw HtcDZbn hcnIbpw AhnsS amkw IWvSXns ASnm\

n t\mpw s]cp-mfpw {]Jym-]n-mepw Ch AXns\AwKoIcn-m-Xn-cn-pXn\v [mcmfw kw`-h FSppIm-Wnphm km[npw. C\nbpw FgpXpXv ImWpI. ""Cu cWvSvA`n{]mbsfbpw ka\zbnnm-\p Hcp t^mape F\nev Rm ]dp. \mw tKmfimkv{X IW\pkcnv amkw29\v FhnsSsbms ]ndhn DWvSv Fv a\knemWw... Av]ndhn D GsX-nepw Hcp \mn amkw IWvSm Av]ndhn D Fm {]tZipw AXv _m[Iam-pI. an\n-pIfpsS hyXymkw {]k-a. kqcym-kvXab-n\v tijw Hcpan\n-s -nepw ]ndhn N{ N{I-hm-f-n DWvSm-bm aXn.


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B {]tZiv amkn-dhn IWvSn-snepw. CXn-t\m IqSpX kabw ]ndhnbp efn IWvSXpsImWvSv ChntSv AXv _m[IampI. Cs\ hcptm Nnetm Gjy

apgph\pw Htc Znhkw t\mpw s]cpmfpw BNcnm km[nt-pw. Av N{-n-dhn Cm \mSp-I ]nt Znhkwt\mpw s]cpmfpw BNcnWw. CXmWv {]mtbmKnI amw.H Znhkw BN-cn-m Hcn-epw km[ya. CXmWv Rm]d-Xv. CXmcpw FtmSv tNmZnv ]d--X Rm kzta[bm ]d--XmWv. Ctmgpw Rm CXn Ddv \npp.(AtX ]pkvXIw, t]Pv: 113).

ChnsS N{-amkw Xocpam-\n-phm DZb-hy-Xymkw ]cn-K-Wn--W-sav ]d-bp-p. Fw.-F-kv.-Fkv kwL-Sn-n HcpkwhmZn Ctlns A\paXntbmSpIqSnbmWv `qanbnFhnsSsbnepw amkndhn Zinm N{s DZbhyXymkw]cnKWnmsX AXns\ Fmhcpw AwKoIcnWsav kn.]n. Da kpan {]Jym]nXv. sI.]n. kIcn alqw sI.sIaplZv kpan apXem-b-hcpw Cu {]Jym-]\s AwKoIcn-

pIbpWvSm-bn. amkw IWvSm hnhcw Adn-bnW-sav ]d-bptm Gjysb apgph Ch ]cnKWnmdpan. s]mm\n,t_q, ImmSv apXemb {]tZiphsc am{XamWv ]cnKWn-m-dpXv. tIcfn DZbw D Znhkfn amkn-dhn tIcfn Zin-m-Xn-cpm AXns\ am{XamWv ]cn-KWn-m-dpXv. Htc DZb-n hcp tIcfn\v Apd-apefn (abn hsc) amkn-dhn Zin--Xns\ ]cn-K

Wn-m-dp-an-. Zqc-cmPyw F ]cn-K-W-\-bmWv ChnsS Cham\ZfiammdpXv. IWns\b. CsXmamWv lnPvd In Hm^v Cybpw lnem I-nbpw Xn-ep ASn-m\]camb `nXI. X kXyambn AwKoIcnp XXzhsc AhKWn-p-sIm-WvSmWv t\mpw s]cp-mfpw tIcflnem Inn {]Jym-]n-pXv. taXXzw AwKoIcn-phsc tXtPm-h[w sNp-hm\pw PqX-msc ]n]-p--h-scvBtcm-]n-p-hm\pw {ian-p-Ibpw sNpp. kwL-S-\m-{]-iv\- DsWvSn AXp Xpdp ]dm aXnbtm. XCtm \S-mn sImWvSn-cn-p-Xp Xs-bmWv CkvemwaXsav P\sf sXn--cn-n-phm Fn\v {ian-Ww...?


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7. amkndhnbpw nXp]cnlmckm[yXbpw

tNmZyw 8""\mw tKmfimkv{X IW-\pkcnv amkw 29-\v Fhn-sS

sbms ]ndhn DWvSv Fv BZyw a\nemWw. Av ]ndhnD GsX-nepw Hcp \mn amkw IWvSm Av ]ndhnD Fm {]tZipw AXv _m[Iam-pI. an\ppIfpsShyXymkw {]k-I-Xa-. Av N{-n-dhn Cm \mSp-I

]nt Znhkw t\mpw s]cp-mfpw BN-cn-Ww CXmWv{]mtbm-Kn-I-amw. (\yq aqWpw amk-n-d-hnbpw laoZv aZo\nt]Pv: 113)

""]ndhn D \nnX {]tZifn GsXnepw Hcn-SvB ]ndhn IWvSm Av ]nd-hn-bp Fm {]tZipwAXv _m[IamWv. CXmWv amkw IWvSm t\msSppI,AXv IWvSm t\mv apdn-pIbpw sNpI F \_n hN-\

ns hym]Imw. Av kqcym-kvXa\n\v tijw N{-n-dhn Cm {]tZ-i--fn ]nt Znhkw t\mpw s]cp-mfpw BN-cn-m-hpXm-Wv. (AtX ]pkvXIw tbmPn-nstaJe F A[ymbw t]Pv: 62) CXv {]mtbmKnIamamtWm?tbmPn-ns taJ-e-bmbn CXns\ AwKo-I-cn -p--Xn\vCkvemans {]am-W- XSamtWm?

Dcw 1: Ch ]d-bp XXz-sanepw tbmPn-ns taJ-ebmbn Ch {]hn-ptam? IWvSm Adn-bn-pI Fv]dp ]ckyw lnem Inbpw auehnbpw \IptmtemIv Av Htc DZb-n hcp cmPy- IqSn hnhcn-p-sImWvSv ]ckyw \Iptam? tIc-f-n am{Xw IWvSn


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FXns ASn-m-\n t\mpw s]cpmfpw BN-cn-phm {]Jym-]n-msX tIcfn\v Apd-ap Htc DZb-nhcp cmPy-fn-senepw amkw IWvSn-ptWvSm Fv At\z-

jnv IWvSn-n-sv t_m[y-am-bm AXns ASn m\-nepw {]Jym-]n-ptam? 2007 HIvtSm-_ 11-\v hymgmbvN Xncph-\--]p-cv Hcp an\p v kqcym-kvX-a-b-n\v tijw N{-\p-WvSmbncpp. bp.F.Cepw kpDuZn Atd_nbmbnepw CXnepwIqSp-X an\p-p-I DZbw DWvSm-bn-cp-p. Ahn-sS-sbmwamkndhn Zi\ns ASnm\n Xs shnbmgvNs]cpm-fmbn {]Jym-]n-p. Fnpw Ch tIcfn amkn-

dhn Zi\ansp]dp Xncph\-]pcs apkvenwIsfsImWvSpw s]cp-m Znhkw t\m-\p-jvTn-np. Ans\{]mtbmKnI taJesbbpw tbmPnns taJesbbpw Ch AhKWn-p. \qdn A[nIw DZm-lcW-fn HcpZm-lcWw am{Xam-Wn-Xv.

Hcp DZm-lcWw IqSn ImWpI: tImgn-tmSv: ae_m-dnFhn-sSbpw im N{-n-dhn IWvSXmbn hnhcw e`n-m--

Xn-\m Cv dafm 30 ]qn-bmn CuZp ^n shn-bmgvN Bbn-cn-psav tImgn-tmSv apJy-JmZn \meIv aplZv tImb _mJ-hn, hen-b-JmZn aplvkn inlm_v X,tIcf lnem In sNbam F.]n. A_vZp JmZ auehn, tImgn-tmSv kwbp JmZn Im-]pcw F.]n. A_q-_-apkvenbm Fnh Adnbnp. Fm K v cmPyfnepw Cvs]cpm BtLm-jn-pw. IWm-SIbnse _SvIen imamkn-dhn IWvSXmbn kzoIcn-Xn\m Cv sNdnb s]cpm Bbn-cn-p-sav Im-mSv kwbvIpX JmZn bp.-sI.A_q_ Btmb X Adnbnp. kwbp JmZnbpsSAdn-bn-ns ASn-m-\n Imm-Sv, \oteizcw Fn-hn-S--fn Cv s]cp-m BtLm-jn-pw. Imk-d-tKmUpwCv sNdnb s]cpm-fm-sWv Imkd-tKmUv kwbp JmZnSn.sI.Fw. _mh apkvenbmcpw Adn-bnp. awKem]pcpw Cvs]cpm-fmWv (am-[yaw: 2005 \hw_ 3 hymgm-bvN). Atm

Chv amkw Dd-n-phm-\p {]mtbm-KnI taJ-ebpw tbmPn-ns taJ-ebpw kzw C-I am{Xam-Wv. amkn-d-hn-bpsSt]cn Aen-aWn-Iv^ms\ hnain-phm Chv bmsXmcp


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[mnI AhIm-ihpan-. amkn-d-hn-bpsS hnjb-n Jmfn-amcpw lnem I-nbpw XpSpt]m-cp tXmy-hmkw XpScphm C\nbpw \mw A\phZn-Wtam?

Dcw 2N{amkns amw Xocpam-\n-phm N{s DZb-hy-

Xymkw ]cn-KWn-W-saXmWv Cu tbmPn-ns taJ-ebpsSASnd. Cu hnjbamWv ]cnip JpBsbpw lZokpIfpsSbpw apkvenw ]finXmcpsS A`n{]mbfpsSbpw ASnm\n Ch N sNt-WvSXv. CXn-\mWv {KcN\ \St-WvSXv. hynsb tXtPm-h[w sNphm\pw hyn-]cambn

hnain-phm-\pa. Ch FgpXpp: ""Cs\ Ahkcn-s\mv Ifhv ]d-bm Hcp aSnbpw Cm a\pjy-\mWv aWn-Iv m Fs\nv Ddmbn'' (\yq aqWpw amkndhnbpw, t]Pv:9)

N{-amkw \nbn-phm N{s DZb hyXymkw (C-JvXn-em-^p aXzm-en-C)s\ ]cn-KWn-W-sav ]d-bpXv ]cn-ip JpB\n\pw \_nNcypw aZvl_ns CamapIfpsS A`n{]m-b-pw ke^o ]fin-X-m-cpsS A`n-{]m-b-pw

FXn-cm-sW-mWv lnPvd I-nbpw Aen-aWnIv ^m\pw ]d-bpXv. N{-s DZb-hy-Xymkw ]cn-KWn-emWv Ckvemw aXsav m]nphm {KImc GXp BbmWv sXfnhmbnDcnnpXv? GXp lZokmWv sXfnhmbn Dcn-Xv? F{X]fin-X-m-cpsS D-c-Wn-I-fmWv Cu {K-n sXfn-hmbnDcnnpXv? kXymt\zjnI Cu {Kw BZyw apX Ahkm\w hsc hmbnv Ddv hcppI. Cu hmZn\v FXn-cmb{]kvXm-\h\I Cu {Kn Xs hXv \mw FSppIm-Wn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. `qan-bn Fhn-sS-sb-nepw amkwIWvSm AXp Fm-hpw _m[-I-am-Wv. N{s DZ-b-hy-Xymkw ]cn-KWn-tWvSXn F hnjbw ]d-psImWvSv\apv sFIy-apWvSmm {ian-m-sav Ctlw Xs kpan-tbmSv t\cnp ]d-bp-Ibpw sNp-I-bp-WvSm-bn. a-kp--Avh:bn shv Cu hnjb-s-pdnv Hcp N kwLSn-n-n-cpp. Cu k`nepw kpantbmSv t\cnp C{]Imcw Ctlw

]d-bpIbpWvSmbn.Hcp {]tZis ImgvN ap {]tZifn _m[IamtWm

F Imcy-n ]fin-X-mn-S-bn `nm-`n-{]m-b-ap-WvSv.


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temIv Fhn-sSsb-nepw Hcp`m-Kv IWvSm Fm-hpwAXv aXnsb A`n{]mbapWvSv. CXv Ghpw icnbmbn tXmpXmbpw kn.]n. Da kpan A`n-{]m-b-sp (i_m_v: 2008,

sk]vXw_ 5, shn, t]Pv:14). N{amk hnjbn sFIywDWvSm-phm ]cn-ip JpB\pw \_n-N-cybpw aZvl_nsCam-apIfpw ke^o ]fin-Xmcpw CXmWv ]d-bpXv. kn.]n.Da kpan {]Jym]n Cu XXzw \SmpIbmWv lnPvd Innbpw aWn-Iv^m\pw sNpXv. kwLS\m {]iv\Im-cWw CXv\Sm-phm {]bm-kapsWvSn \Sm-phsc hnin-pIbpw Ahsc XuloZv {]m\n \nv AIphm {ian

pIbpa \mw sNtWvSXv. ]camh[n Ahcpambn klIcnphm {ianpI. CXn\v km[yasn a\psImsWvSnepwAhsc AwKoIcnpI.Dcw 3

2007 HIvtSm-_ 11-\v hymgvN Xncph\-]pchpw K^p\mSpIfpw Htc DZbns ]cn[nbnembncpp. AXmbXv Xncph\-]pcpw K^p\m-SpIfnepw N{-n-dhn DWvSm-bn-cpp.Fm tImgn-tmSv N{-n-dhn DWvSm-bn-cp-n-. Ch ]d-bp {]mtbmKnIXXzw \Smp ]w Xncph\]pcpwK^p-\m-Sp-I-fnepw Htc Znhkw t\mpw s]cp-m-fp-am-Ipw.Fm tImgn-tmSv B Znhkw t\mpw s]cpm-fpam-IpXvCkvemans hoWn \njnamsWpw ]dtbWvSnhcpw.Nne-tm tImgn-tmSpw K^p-\m-Sp-I-fnepw ]ndhn N{DWvSmIpw. sImnbn DWvSmhpIbn. Cu Znhkfn tImgntmSpw K^p\m-SpIfnepw Htc Znhkw t\mpw s]cpmfpw

BN-cn-m-sapw AtXkabw sImn-bnepw tImgn-tmSpw BZnhkw BN-cn-phm ]mSn-spw aXhn[n ]pd-sSphn-tWvSn-hcpw. Ckvemans t]cn Ccw hn[n Aen-aWn-Iv^m]pd-s-Sp-hn-m--Xp-sImWvSmbn-cn-ptam Ch-scmw Ct-l-ns t]cn hnain-phm sFIy-kwLw DWvSm-n-bXv?kpDuZn Atd_ybn Xs Fm hjhpw cWvSp Znhkfnembn t\mpw s]cpmfpw BNcntWvSnhcpw. ImcWw Cu

cmPy-ns Hcp `mKv lnem DWvSm-Iptm ap `mKfn AXv DWvSmIpIbn. 12 amkhpw Ch ]dbpXpt]mseXocpam-\n-tWvSXptWvSm? CXpw Ch hy-am-Ww.


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8. N{amk \nbhpw Jmfnamcpwlnem InIfpw

tNmZyw 9N{s DZb-hy-Xymkw ]cn-KWn-psIm-tWvSmtWm Jmfn-

amcpw lnem In-n-Ifpw t\mpw s]cpmfpw {]Jym-]n-m-dpXv?

Dcw

Cu tNmZyw Ch-tcmSp Xs BZy-ambn tNmZn--Ww.Ch ]cnKWnmdpXv PnIfpsSbpw kwm\fpsSbpwhyXym-kam-Wv. N{s DZb-n-ep hyXym-ka. N{-am-kn-dhn Xocp-am-\n-p-hm N{s DZb hyXymkw ]cn-K-Wn-t-WvS-XptWvSm? ]cn-K-Wn-t-WvS-Xp-sWvS-n Hmtcm {]tZ-ipw Zin-t-WvS-XptWvSm? Pn-bpsS hyXym-k-amtWmAX kwm-\ns hyXym-kamtWm ]cn-KWn-tWvSXv?

cmjv{S-ns hyXym-ktam? N{-am-k-n-dhn Xocp-am\np-Xn N{s DZb-hy-Xymkw (C-JvXn-em-^p aXzm-en-Av) ]cn-KWn-W-sav Ch aXhn[n ]pd-sSphn-mepw CsnepwCh Cv \S-n-em-n-sm-WvSn-cn-p k{-Zmbw icn-bm-sWv Hcn-epw m]n-p-hm km[y-a-. Imm-Sp-ImvImmSnepw amdmSv _onse BfpIv amdmSv _onepw tImgntmSpImv tImgntmSpw tdmpImv tdmnepw ]me

m-pImv ]memSpw Xriqmv Xriq-cnepw Bepg,CSpn, sImw, tImbw apXemb PnIfn Dhv AhcpsS {]tZifnepw {]tXyIw {]tXy-Iambn amkn-dhn Zin-


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tWvSXptWvSm Fv tNmZn-m Jmfn-amcpw lnem I-n-Ifpw C{]-Imcw Zin-t-WvS-Xnm Fpw Htc DZ-b-nsIogn hcp GsXnepw Hcp ev amkndhn ncs

m aXn-sbpw GtIm-]nv adp]Sn ]d-bpXm-Wv. (b-Ym-n Ch DZbw FXpsImWvSv DtinpXmIs kymkabs AkvXa\sIpdn-m-Wv).

alqw sI.]n. aplZv auehnbpsS t\XrXzn hjv apv ]pfn- aZo\p Deqw Ad-_nIv tImtfPnshv amk-n-dhn \n-bs kw_-nv Hcp skan-\mkwLSnnncpp. {]kvXpX tbmKn F.]n. A_vZp JmZn

auehn {]Jym-]n-Xv _en-s]cpm-fns amkw \mw t\mpIt]mepw sNt-WvS-Xn-. lv t\mv, lv s]cp-mFmWv ]d-bp-I. Atm a-bn lmPn-am Ad-^-bn\np-Ibpw a-bn _en-s]-cp-m BtLm-jn-p-IbpwsNp Znhkw XsbmWv \psS Ad^bpw \psS _ens]-cp-mfpw. AXn-\m \mw a-bn-tev t\mn-bm aXnFmbncpp. sI.]n. aplZv auehnsb Bcpw FXnpI

bpWvSmbn. Cv Ch ]nXpSv hcp k{Zmbw ChAwKoIcnp XXzv Xs FXncmWv. ZpamamsWv{]Jym-]n-p-I-bm-Wv. N{s DZb hyXymkw hnZqc cmPyw,ASp cmPyw FXns ASnm\n Hcnepw Xocpam\nphm km[ya. AXpt]mse Htc DZbn hcp cmPysf ncamb \nev \nbnphm km[yhpa. amkwtXmdpw CXp hyXym-kspsIm-WvSn-cn-pXm-Wv. Nnetm

abnepw sImnbnepw N{s DZbw DWvSmbncnpw. FmsImn-bnepw apw DZbw DWvSm-Ip Znhkw tImgn-tmSvDZbw DWvSm-hW-san-. Ign Ipsd hjfn C{]Im-cambncpp Ah(kpapemw IeWvSdn Ipsd hjwabnse DZbhpw ImWnncpp. ]noSv AXv FSppIfbpIbmWv sNbvXXv). Ccw k`fnepw Ch ChnsS XsN{-e ImWphm hmin-]n-Sn-pXv Fns ASn-m-\n-em-Wv?

Htc DZbn hcp cmPyfn FhnsSsbnepw amkn-dhn Zin-sm aXn-sbv ]d-bph Cu XXz-sbpw


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AhKWn-psIm-WvSmWv t\mpw s]cpmfpw Xocpam-\n-m-dpXv. km[m-cW-m-cpsS AXsb Ch icnpw NqjWwsNpIbmWv. Adnhph ChcpsS Xocpam\v FXnsc

au\w ]menpIbpw sNpw. aWnIv ms {]h\^eambnkm[m-c-W-m-cn Hcp hn`mKw A\nkvemanI {]h-W-XbvvFXnsc D_pcmbnpWvSv. A_vZpemw kpan Cu hnjbn F{Xtbm hjpapv Xs {K FgpXnkzX{ kwLS\Isf kao]nv {]kn-oIcn-n-pWvSv.

amkn-dhn Xocpam-\n-pXnv DZb hyXymkw ]cn-KWn--W-sapw AXmWv CkvemanI \nb-a-sapw ]d-bp--

]w asmcp hnIrXhpw hnIehpw Ckvemans i{XpvCu aXw ssZhn-Iasv m]n-phm km[n-pXpambHcp k{Zmbw Ckveman-epsWvSv AwKoIcn-tWvSn-hcpXmWv. AXmbXv sImnbnepw abnepw K^p\mSpIfnepwHtc Znhkw t\mpw s]cpmfpw A\pjvTn-ptm Imkd-tImUpw tImgn-tmpw Dhv B Znhkw t\mpw s]cpmfpw A\p-jvTn-p-hm ]mSn-sv Pn-t-WvSn-h-cpw.

ImcWw sImn-bnepw abnepw Htc DZb-am-bn-cnpw. FmtImgn-tmSpw Imkd-tImUpw Htc DZb-am-bn-cn-n-. ]cn-kct_m[w \jvSsh am{Xta C{]Imcw aXs Zin-pIbpq. DZb hyXymkw ]cn-KWn-W-sav ]d-bp ]fin-Xm-cn Xs ]cnkct_m[w \jvSsSmh bmYmyw a\n-em-n-b-Xn-\m Ccw k`-fn DZb hyXym-ks]cn-K-Wn--cp-sXv ]d-bp-p-WvSv. AXm-bXv henb ]-W-am-

sW-n B ]W-ns Hcp `mKv amkn-dhn DWvSm-bn-cn-pw. adp`m-Kv DWvSm-hpIbpan-. Atm Hcp `mKpapkvenwI t\m\pjvTnpIbpw aph s]cpm BtLmjnpIbpw sNtWvSnhcpw. Hcp Iqv apXv Znhkw t\mvA\pjvTn-epw asmcp hn`m-Kn\v Ccp]n HXv Znhkwt\mv A\pjvTnepw A\nhmcyamIpw. N{s DZbhyXymkwXosc Zinphm km[nm efpw Cu qanbn DWvSv.AhnsS apkvenwI Xma-kn-p-Ibpw sNp-p. Ch Xosct\mpw s]cpmfpw A\pjvTntWvSXnsv Chcn HcmfpwhmZnp-n-.


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DZb-hy-Xymkw ]cn-KWn-W-sav ]d-bphcn Xsimkv{Xw a\nemnbhcpw a\nemmhcpw DWvSv. Nne\akvImcw Jkvdmphm\p q]cn[nbmsWv ]dbpp. ap

Nne Hcp cm{Xnbpw ]Iepw k-cn-p-hm-\p `q]-cn-[nsb]cn-KWn-W-sav ]d-bpp. Im\Sbmbn kcn-p Zqc]cn-[n-bmtWm AX, IpXn-cpdv kcn-p Zpc]cn-[n-bmtWm? H-I-p -dv k-cn -p Zqc-]-cn -[n -bmtWmFsmpw Ch hy-am-pn-. Ch FgpXp tKmfim-kv{X-I-W--\p-k-cnv amkw 29-\v Fhn-sS-sbms ]nd-hn-bp-sWvSv BZyw a\n-em-Ww. Av ]nd-hn-bp GsXnepw

Hcp \mn amkw IWvSm Av ]nd-hn-bp Fm {]tZipw AXv _m[IampI. an\npIfpsS hyXymkw {]k-a-. kqcym-kvX-a-b-n\v tijw Hcp an\nsnepw ]ndhnN{ N{Ihm-fn DWvSm-bm aXn. B {]tZis amkn-dhn IWvSnsnepw CXnt\m IqSpX kabw ]ndhnbpefn IWvSXpsImWvSv ChntSv AXv _m[IampI.Cs\ hcptm Nnetm Gjy apgph\pw Htc Znhkw

t\mpw s]cp-mfpw BtLm-jn-p-hm km[n-tpw (\yqaqWpw amkn-d-hn-bpw, t]Pv: 113) Gjy-sb-Xv tIcfam-sWhymJym-\n-emWv Ch t\mpw s]cpmfpw BtLm-jn-phm apkvenwItfmSv InmdpXv. tIcfn\pdap amkndhnsb kw_nv Ch At\zjnmdn. tIcfnepw abnepw Htc DZb-am-bn-cpmepw tIcfnse Zplnv 9Dwabnse Zplnv 9Dw ChcpsS ZrjvSnbn cWvSmbncnpw.

""Cs\ hcp-tm Nne-tm Gjy apgp-h Htc Znhkwhcpsav'' ]dbph tIcfn t]mepw Hcp Znhkw hcnIbn F bmYmyw tKm]y-am-n-shp. kpDuZn Atd-_y-bn an hjhpw t\mpw s]cpmfpw cWvSmbn XocpsavFpsImWvSv ]d-bpn-? Ctm AhnsS Hcp Znhkw am{Xambn BN-cn-pXv \_n-N-cyv FXn-cm-sWv FpsImWvSv{]Jym-]n-p-n-?


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51

`mKw 2

9. ]cnip JpB\pw N{s

DZb hyXymkfpwDZb hyXymkfpwDZb hyXymkfpwDZb hyXymkfpwDZb hyXymkfpwtNmZyw: 10

N{-amk \nWbw \SpXv N{s DZb-hy-Xymkw(C-JvXn-em-^p aXzm-en-Av) ]cn-K-Wn-p-sIm-WvSm-bn-cn-WwFv ]cn-ip JpB \ntin-pptWvSm? qan-bn BZy-ambn DWvSm-Ip N{-n-d-hnsb ASn-m-\amn `qan-bn-

ephscmw N{amkns amambn AwKoIcnpXv ]cnip JpBs A[ym-]\n\pw Xm]cy-n\pw FXn-cm-Iptam?

Dcw: CJvXnem-^p aXzm-enAv ]cn-K-Wnv amk-\nWbw \S-m Jp-Bt\m lZotkm \nt-in-p-n-.{]XypX `qan-bn Fhn-sS-sb-nepw N{-n-dhn DWvSm-bmAXns\ ASn-m-\-amn `qan-bn-ep k a\p-jy-mcpw

t\mpw s]cp-mfpw BN-cn--W-sapw N{-am-k-\nbw\S-W-sapamWv ]cn-ip JpB Nnnv ]Tn-m a\nemphm km[npI. Amlp ]dbpp: ""Xobmbpw\mw AXns\ AhX-cn-n-, hyhsSpp Hcp cm{Xn-bn. hyhsSpp cmhv Fm-sWv \n\v F-dn-bmw. hyhsSpp cmhv Bbncw amktm Da-am-Wv. B cmhn ae-pIfpw Pn_vcoepw Cdn-sIm-WvSn-

cn-pw. AhcpsS cn-Xm-hns I\bpambn Fm Imcyfpw sImWvSv CXv c-bm-Wv. DZ-bm\w hsc'' (kq-d-Xp JZv). 24 aWn-q-dpI D Hcp Znhkn am{XamWvsseep JZv kw`-hn-pI Fv Amlp ChnsS hy-


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am-pp. GIhN-\amWv 3 efnepw {]tbm-Kn-n-pffXv.BsI 5 kq--fmWv Cu A[ym-b-n-ep-Xpw. `qan-bnHcp cm{Xn am{XamWv sseep JZv kw`hnpI Fv \_n(

kz) {]kvXm-hn-Xp [mcmfw lZo-kp-I-fnepw hy-am-p-p.sseep JZv GXv Znhkam-sW-Xn 40- ]cw A`n-{]m-b- D-cn-sSpp. Fm ctWvSm aqtm \mtemZnhkw kw`-hn-p-sav Hcmfpw A`n-{]m-b-s-Sp-p-an-. N{-amkw \nbn-pXn N{s DZb-hy-Xymkw ]cn-KWn-W-sav ]d-bp]w Cv \mw ImWpXpt]mse ctWvSmaqtm Znhkfn Amlp CXns\ Cd- A\n-hm-cyam-

Ipw. sImnbnepw ap hnZqccmPyfnepw Hcp Znhkw sseep JZv kw`hnptm tImgntmSv ASpZnhkw kw`hntWvSnhcpw. ImkdtKmUpw Iqcnepw Htc Znhkw sseep JZv kw`-hn-p-I-bn-sv P]n-t-WvSn-h-cpw. Cy-bn aqv Znh-k--fn-embn ssee-p JZv Amlp Cd-tWvSnhcpw. Amlp ]dbpp: Amlp Iev]np. ""CZm\qZnbenemn anbuap PpapAn''... CsXns\ `qan

bnsemhcpw Hcp Znhkn A\pjvTnpp FXpw CtXmSp-Iq-n-hm-bn-mw.(185 IdG) a dG e ~T a

""AXn\m \nfn hh\pw B amkn kmnbm-bm Atm Ah\v AXns\ t\mv hoWw'' (kq: A_-Jd: 182)

(IdG) I~dG Gdh

anIpw (\n-fn) FXv apkvenw temItmSv BIam\pap I]\bmWv. apkvenwIfn Bscnepw amkndhnv kmn-bm-bm AXns\ ]cn-K-Wnv temI apkvenwI-tfmSv t\m\pjvTn-phm Amlp In-pIbm-Wv. aplZv \_n(-kz) \apv hymJym-\nv XXpw CXpXsbm-Wv.""\n Fw ]qn-bm--Ww''. N{s DZb hyXymkw]cnKWnmsX, ]cnip JpBs hymJymXmfn {]kn

-\mb Hmw aZvl_ns Cam-amb Camw A_q-l\o-^(-d)Xs C{]Im-camWv kqs hymJym-\n-pXv.U GPEG fCG Y M HG UCG LCGh :d BGdG MCG c dG cP :bjYh J GeU jdG Y G ej jYh J ~H gGh jDhd ej KK ~H gG


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(WdG J) j Ab ej""Rm ]dbpp: Xz_vcn Xs A vImap JpB F

{Kn ]dbpp: A_q l\o^bpsS A\pbmbnI Xmsg

]dbp {]iv\n GtIm]nncnpp. Hcp {]tZis BfpI Ah N{s ZriyXbpsS ASnm\n apXp Znhkwt\m\pjvTnpp. asmcp {]tZis BfpI Ah N{sZriy-XbpsS ASn-m-\n Ccp]n HXpZn-hkw t\m\pjvTn-pp. Fm 29 Znhkw t\m\pjvTn--h Hcp Znhks t\mv t\mv ho \n_amWv (X vko JpXp_n:2291) tijw CXns ImcWw hnhcn-pXp ImWpI:

~H gG jDhH Kh ,185 IdG (I~dG Gdh) J db M HG UG Mh(WdG) dcEG ADg Y La KK I~dG GCamw A_ql\o^bpsS A\pbmbnI sXfnhv ]nSnp

Xv Am-lphns hN-\am-Wv. "\n Fs ]qn-bm-phm' A_-Jd, 185. Hcp {]tZis BfpI amkn-dhn Zin-m dafm 30 Znhkam-sWv ncsSpp. AXn-\m Chv 30 ]qn-bm- A\n-hm-cy-am-bn. (X-^vko

JpXp_n: 2291).`qan-bn Fhn-sSsb-nepw 29-s Znhkw kqcy AkvXantijw N{mkvXa\w DWvSmbm AXns\ ASnm\amn`qan -bn -ep --h-scmw N{-amkw \n-bn -p-hm Cukqs ]qn-I-m sXfn-hmbn D-cn-n-n-sv \mwk]npI. Fmepw kqs C{]Imcw hymJym\nsXmhpn. ImcWw, hymJym\nphm\p ImeLw GsX

nepw \qmWvSv sImWvSv Ahkm\npsav Amlphpw Ahs{]hm-N-I\pw \s DWn-bn-n-. \_n(-kz)-bn \nv lZokp-I kzlo-lm-Ip-hm-\p Fm \n_-\-Ifpw tbmPnvsImWvSv Hcp hymJym\w ncsphm B hymJym\n\vFXn-cmbn hymJym-\n-pXpw Ad_n `mjm \nbaw Dsm-m \nev hymJym-\n-pXpw am{XamWv Zphym-Jym-\w.CPvamAv ncsmepw. CXv km]n-Iam-sWv \mw hnh

cn-p. {]kn ]fin-X\mb C_v\p JpZm-a(-d) (acWw: ln. 620)FgpXpp:e ~T a) J dG b dh .... dG OdG L d ~H gG dG iCGQ GPEGhb dG e dG Gg J CG eCG dG :d b HGYCd U dG bh (a dG


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54

G LCGh eQ T b ?dG e Y dG Va GPe d b NBd dbh fLa dG IOT eQ T e dG Gg CG K ~bh eQ T U Lh Y

(`g560 S aG eG~b HE G) G L Y eU""Hcp {]tZinse BfpI amkwIWvSm k cmPyfn Dhpw t\mv \n_-am-bn.... \app sXfnhv

DX\mb Amlphns hN\amWv. amkn\v \nfn hh\pw kmnbmbm Ah AXns\ t\mv hoWw' (_Jd:185) Hcp {KmaoW-t\mSv \_n(-kz) ]d hN-\hpw. hjnCu amkw t\m-\pjvTn-phm Am-lp-hmtWm Xm-tfmSvIn-Xv Fv Atlw tNmZn--tm AsX Fv \_n(-kz) adp]Sn \In. asmcp hyntbmSv \_n(kz) adp]Sn \InbXpw Amlp {hXn \npw FmWv Fs ta \n_-am-n-b-sXv Atlw tNmZn--tm \_n(-kz) Acpfn: "dafm amknse t\mv'. apkvenwIn-Sbn GIm-`n-{]m-b-ap hnjb-amWv dafm amkn t\m\pjvTn- \n_-am-sW-Xv. Xo-bmbpw `qan-bn BZy-ambn DWvSm-Ipamkn-dhn dafm amknsXm-sWv hniz-kvXm-cpsSkmnXzw aptJ\ ncsp. AXn\m B Znhkw t\m

\pjvTn- k apkvenwIpw _m[Iambn (apn: hmfyw:3, t]Pv:7). len aZvl_nse {]kn ]WvUn-X\mWp C_v\pD_m-Zn(-d).

CXmWv P\m_v Aen aWnIv m\pw kplrpfpw lnPvdInnbpw ]dbp BibfpsS ASnm\w. \yqaqWns\\n AwKoIcnWsan. Znhkns Bcw`w {]`mXwapXem-sW hmZhpw \n kzoIcn-W-san-. `qan-bnBZyambn DWvSmIp \hN{s\ ASnm\amn tIcfnt\mpw s]cpmfpw {]Jym]nm aXn. IWns\ \nvkzoIcn-phm {]bm-kam-sW-n AXpw kzoIcn-tWvSXn-. amkndhn IWvSm AdnbnpI Fv ]ckyw \IptmtIcfns ]cn-[n-bn hcp e am{Xw Dtinm-Xn-cpm aXn. Cu {]tZisfmw tIcf kwm-\ns]cn[nbn hcWsav Amlphpw aplZv \_nbpw CPvamDwXocpam-\n--Xsv \nv Xs Adn-bm-atm.

""\nemhp IWvSm AdnbnpI' Fp P\tfmSp Bhiy-s-Sp BNmcw \psS Ime-p-WvSmb _nZv-A-m-Wv.dkqepw klm_pw Ans\ sNbvXXn\v sXfnhn. DsWvSn lZokv DcnpI.


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10. N{s DZbhyXymkw\_nNcybn\_nNcybn\_nNcybn\_nNcybn\_nNcybn

tNmZyw 11`qan-bn BZy-ambn DWvSm-Ip \hN-{s\ ASn-m-\

amn `qan-bn Dhscmw t\mpw s]cpmfpw BN-cn-p-Xn-s\bpw N{-am-k-ns amw Xocp-am-\n-p--Xn-s\bpw\_n(-kz) hntcm[n-p-ptWvSm?

Dcw:\_n(kz) Hcnepw hntcm[npn. Hcp ev amkw

]nd-m B hnhcw e`n-p--hv Fmw DZ-b-hy-Xymkw]cn-KWn-msX t\mpw s]cpmfpw Bcw`n- \n_-am-sW-mWv \_n-Ncy hy-am-pXv. hnZq-ccmPyw ASpcmPyw F ]cnKW\sbmpw ]mSn. aplZv \_n(kz) Amlphns {]hm-N-I\m-sW-Xn\v CXv hy-am-sbmcp sXfnhvIqSn-bm-Wv. ImcWw N{s DZhy-Xymkw hnZq-ccmPyw ASpcmPyw FXns ASn-m-\n Xocpam-\n-phm km[y-a. CXv Hmtcm amknepw hyXym-kspsIm-WvSn-cn-pw. HcpNcSn imizXamb \nev _nnphm km[yhpa. ank`fnepw tIcfnepw abnepw DZbhyXymkw DWvSmhpIbn-. tIcfhpw abpw Htc aXveC(-D-Zb-n) hcpXm-Wv. Nne-tm tIc-f-ns Nne `mK-fpw a-bp-am-bn-cnpw Htc DZ-b-n hcn-I. ap Nne-tm tImgn-tmSpwImkd-tKmUpw, sImnbpw tImgn-tmSpw Xn DZb-nhyXymksSpw. kqcy Dcmb\nepw ZnWmb\nepw


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nXnsNpXns ASnm-\n hyXymkw kw`hnpXm-Wv. abn amkn-dhn DWvSm-IpXns apv XstIcfn DWvSmIpXmWv. kqcys Aht]msebmWv

N{s Ahbpw FmWv km[mcWmcpsSbpw apkvenbmmcpsSbpw auehnamcpsSbpw sXnmcW. aplZv \_n(kz)sb Cu [mcW _m[n-m-Xn-cpXv Atlw Am-lphns{]hmNI BbncpXv sImWvSpam{XamWv. Fgppw hmb\bpwIWpw Atln\v Adn-bpam-bn-cpn-. Fnepw {]hm-N-I\v A_w hcnIbn. \_n(kz) Acpfn:

(e QdG) jDhdG haGh jDhdG eU qdG SQ b (Q)Y HG YC_v\p Da(-d) \nth-Z\w: ""\_n(-kz) Acpfn: amkw

IWvSm \n t\m\pjvTnphn. amkw IWvSm \nt\mv apdn-phn (_pJm-cn, apkvenw). \_n(-kz) C{]Imcw]d-Xv bqWn-p-I-sfbpw afie--sfbpw Pn-I-sfbpwkwm\sfbpw cmjv{Ssfbpw ASpp cmPysfbpwHtc DZ-b-n hcp cmPy--sfbpw Dt-in-p-sIm-WvS-.

{]XypX temIapkvenwIsf Hmbn IWvSpsImWvSv \ntin--Xm-Wv. AXm-bXv `qan-bn Fhn-sSsb-nepw amkw IWvSmAXns\ ASnm\amn DZbhyXymkw ]cnKWnmsX kP\fpw t\mpw s]cpmfpw Bcw`nWsamWv. C{]ImcwlZokns\ hymJym\npXv Aen aWnIv^m A. {]XypX\mev aZvl_ns Cam-ap-I-fp-am-Wv. (hn-i-Zo-I-cWw AXnsA[ymbw t\mpI) Camw jum-\n(-d) lZokns\ hymJym-

\n-pXv {in-pI.QGQ~dG) jDhQ dP c e CG e BGQ a eCG N gh(cd G

""\hN-{s ImgvN DWvSm-bm \n t\m\pjvTn-pI. AXns ImgvN DWvSm-bm \n t\mv apdn-pI F\_n hN\w Fm kap-Zm-b-tm-Sp-ap kw`m-j-W-am-Wv.Atm GXp epshv amkw IWvSmepw AXp k

apkvenwIpap ImgvNbmWv'' (Admdn AapfoA: hmfyw:1, t]Pv: 148) ssiJp Ckvemw C_v\pssXan-(-d) FgpXpp:

K DhQ fG H a jDhd GeU U dd dG Y eCG Gg QG~e G Hda


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(J HG d iha ) UG ae ~j~ Z e M ""N{s DZ-b-s-p-dnv hnhcw e`n-pI F-XmWv

ChnsS ASn-m-\-X-Xzw. AXns\ \n IWvSm \n

t\m\pjvTn-pI F {]hm-N-Is \nti{]Imcw amkwIWvS hnhcw Bsnepw e`nm bmsXmcp Zqc]cn[nbpanmsX Ah\pw AXv _m[IamIpp.'' (aPvaqAv Xmhm: hmfyw:25, t]Pv: 107)

Y dG Lh ~H gG dG iCGQ a dG NH IY fCG EG QG gPCG e iCGQ a eCG Y N gh jDhd GeU SdG d OdG L

(dG a) L d jDhQ dP c e""N{-amkw \n-bn-p--Xn N{s DZ-b-hy-Xym-k-n\v bmsXmcp ]cn-KW-\bpw CsmWv `qcn-]w ]fin-X-mcpw A`n-{]m-b-s-Sp--Xv. AXn-\m GsX-nepw \mnamkw IWvSm Fm \mnse \nhm-kn-Ipw AXv \n_-ambn. \n amkw IWvSm t\m\pjvTnpIbpw t\mvapdnpIbpw sNphn F \_n hN\ns ASnm\

n CXv kapZm-b-tmSv s]mXphmb \nep \ntiam-Wv. AXn\m GXv epshv amkw IWvSmepw AXv Fmhp-ap ImgvN-bm-Wv. C{]-Imcw `qcn-]w A`n-{]m-b-s-Spp'' (^n-Jvlvp: hmfyw: 2, t]Pv: 436). Cu A`n-{]mbw \Smn sImWvSv `qan-bn BZy-ambn DWvSm-Ip N{-n-d-hnsbASnm\amn lnPvd In s]cpm BtLmjnptmclkyambn AhnsS hv Xesbn sImWvSv A]w Bfp

I am{XamWv DWvSm-bn-cpsXv ]dv Chn-Ss `qcn-]ns sXfnhv ]nSnph ]WvUnX qcn]ns A`n{]m-bs Ah-K-Wn-p-I-bmWv sNp--Xv. `qcn -]wapkvenwI F-Xns Dtiyw Aen aWn-Iv^m\pw kplr-pfpamsWv Ch hymJym\nptam? app imnv thWvSnAhkm\w Ch ]d-bpI ""Chscmw IWvSm FmWv ]d-bpXv'' Fm-Wv. Fn Npcpnb \nev abnepw aZo\

bnepw t\mpw s]cpmfpw BNcnptm AXns\ ASnm\amnsbnepw \n tIcfn t\mpw s]cpmfpw{]Jym-]n-ptam? Ah ImgvN-sb-bmWv Ah-ew-_n-p-Xv


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FmWv \n Xs ]d-bm-dpXv. lnPvd In t\mpws]cpmfpw BN-cn-ptm an k`-fnepw abnepwaZo\bnepw K^v \mSpIfnepw t\mpw s]cpm-fpam-sWv

cm{Xn 9 aWnv apmbn Xs hnhcw e`n-m-dpapWvSv. Hmtcm{Kmamcpw amkndhn ZinWsav Nne ]finXm A`n{]mbsSppWvSv. Cu A`n{]mbw \n kzoIcnpIbmsWn s]mm-\n-bn amk-n-dhn IWvSm s]mm-\n-bnseapkvenwItfmSv am{Xw t\mpw s]cpmfpw BNcnphm am{XamWv {]Jym-]n-tWvSXv. tIcfnse apkvenwItfmSv apgph{]Jym]nphm \nv AhImian. Npcpn \n

Cv \S-m-n-sm-WvSn-cn-p k{-Zm-b-n\v \yq\-]--ns ]n_-e-hp-an-. ]nim-Nns Zpa-{-amWv ]n_-e-ap-Xv. Ch FgpXpp: Cs\ aWn-Iv^m-\pambn X\nv N\Sptmsgmw Atlw kXyw AwKoIcnpIbpw kXnpIbpw sNm-dpWvSv. ]ns A\pbmbn hr-n Fn-sSp-tm

Dhe f G e fG Gdb WT EG GN GPGh(Ah AhcpsS ]nim-NpIfn-tev X\n-m-bm Ah]d-bpw. Xo-bmbpw R \n-tfm-sSm--am-Wv. RAhsc ]cn-lkn-pI am{XamWv sNpXv) Fv Amlp]d--Xp-t]mse Rm \n-fpsS IqsS Xs-bm-sWp]dv A\pbmbnIsf kam[m\nn aWnIv^ms ncwtlm_n-bmWv (\yq aqWpw amkn-d-hn-bpw. laoZv aZn\n: t]Pv:

55). Bb-ns ]cn-`mj aZo\nbpsS ]pkvXIn \In-bn-n. AXp km[mcWmv thWvSn {_mn R \Inb-Xm-Wv. Aen aWn-Iv^ms kplr-psfmw ]nim-Nm-sW-mWv Ctlw ChnsS {]Jym-]n-pXv. Aen aWn-Iv^ms\Nne Aambn AwKoIcn-pIbm-sWv ]d--h CtmFgpXpXv Ctlw aphsc A\pkcnpIbpw t\Xmhv ap-h-cp-am-sW-mWv!!!

ssiJp Ckvemw akq-d_v\p bq\pkv(-d) FgpXpp:GeU dG Y dd dG c SdG d ~H jDhQ K e CG (~H gG BGQ GPGh)(VhQ) ac eCd N gh jDhd


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""Hcp \mnse P\ amkw IWvSm a\pjyv apgph\pw t\mv \n_-am-bn. ImcWw amkw IWvSm \nt\m-\p-jvTn-p-hn Fv \_n(-kz) \nt-in-Xv kap-Zm-b-

tmSmIam\amWv'' (dufXp acnAv: hmfyw: 1, t]Pv: 46). {]kn\pw ]qnI ]fin-X\pamb C_v\p lnm-av(-d) FgpXpp:

b jDhHh .jDhdG e jDhd GeU U db G Y hCG LhfEa hdGh GhdG H LdG a G Y e H J e a jDhdG SG ~j

(dG HE j~dG a T) LdG Y J j ""`qan-bn DZ-b-hy-Xymkw ]cn-K-Wn-msX Fm-hcpw

t\mpw s]cpmfpw XpSWsamWv Hmas A`n{]mbw""\n amkw IWvSm t\m-\p-jvTn-p-hn. AXns\IWvSm t\mv apdn-pIbpw sNphn'' F \_n-bpsS hN-\ns ASnm\nemWnXv. CXp s]mXphmb Iev]\bmWv. bmsXmcp D]m[nbpw (N{s DZb hyXymkw, hnZqc cmPywapXembhsbtmse) CXpambn _sSpn. GsXnepwP\X amkw IWvSm amkw XpSn FXv ncsSpp.Atm Cu lZokn ]dbp hn[nbpw \n_amb \nevFmhcpambpw _sSpp. kqcy a[ymn \nv sXpI, kqcy AkvXanpI (fpl, aKvcn_v \akvImcw t]mse)t]mse-b Cu hnj-bw. ImcWw Ch-bp-ambn s]mXp-hmbnXocpI FXv _sSpn (ilp Xplp JZo: hmfyw:2, t]Pv: 313) AXm-bXv P\ fplv \akvIcn-ptm-gmWvfplv \a-kvImcw P\- aKvcn_v \a-kvI-cn-p-tm-gmWv

aKvcn_v \akvImcw Fv \_n(kz) {]kvXmhnnn Fv hnh. ssiJv kzm_q\n X^vkodp Bb-n h AlvImanF {Kn ]d-bpp.

~H gG dG iCGQ GPGh dG NH IY fG EG HGh dGh G gP Y N gh jDhd GhaGh jDhd GeU U dd OdG H Y dG Lh

(MCG jBG J) L d jDhQ dP c e G e BGQ a eCG""l\^nI, amenpI, lenI ChscmhcpsSbpw

Xocp-am\w N{s DZb hyXym-k-n\v N{-amkw Dd-n-p-tm ]cn-KW\ In-tWvSXn FXm-Wv. Atm Hcp\mpIm amkw IWvSm Fm \mpImpw t\mv \n_-


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ambn. ImcWw ""amkw IWvSm t\mv Bcw`npI, AXns\IWvSm \n t\mhkm-\n-n-pI'' F \_n(-kz)-bpsSI-\-bm-Wv. CXp apkvenw kap-Zm-b-tm-Sm-I-am-\-am-Wv.

Atm Ahcnemscnepw amkw IWvSpIgnm AXp GXpemhs B ImgvN apkvenw kapZmbn\mIam\w _m[IamWv'' (X^vko Bbmp AlvIman).

(j~dG VhdG) jDhQ dP c e CG e iCGQ a eCG N gh""\n amkw IWvSm t\m\pjvTnphn F \_n

hN\w Fm kap-Zm-b-tm-Sp-ap I-\-bm-Wv. AXn-\mAhcn Hcm GXv ev shv amkw IWvSmepw AXp

Fmhpap ImgvNbmbn'' (dufXp \Zn: hmfyw: 1, t]Pv:331)

ZG Gdb U dG SQ UGe QfCGe eY K~M b de H fGHG YdG GhCGQ fG dG ~Y Gh~a QdG NBG e cQ Aa eU UCa GT g Y~MGh Le HG) ~dG e g~Y EG GLj Gh Ghj G U dG SQ geCa .eCH

(dGh

""C_v\p A\kv(d) Akmcofns] Xs ]nXrktlm-Zcm-cn \nv \nthZ\w sNpp. im amkn-dhnRv A\n-n-X-am-bn. AXn-\m R t\m-\p-jvTn-phcmbn {]`mXn {]thinp. As\ Hcp HIkwLw]I-ens Ay-n hcn-Ibpw Cse amkw IWvS-Xmbn\_n(-kz)-bpsS ASpv kmyw hln-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.Atm \_n(-kz) Ah-tcmSv t\mv apdn-p-hm I]n-p.

\msf CuZv Kmln-tev ]pd-s-Sp-hm \nt-in-p-IbpwsNbvXp'' (C_v\pamP: 1653, AlaZv: 9266, ss_lJn: 8189, B_qZm-hqZv: 2339) {]hm-N-Is ASpp amkw IWvSXmb hnhchpambn hcphtcmSv \n F{X Zqsc \nmWv hcpsXvAt\z-jn--Xmbn Hcp Zpe lZokn t]mepw {]kvXm-hn-pn. aplZv \_n(kz) Amlphns ZqX\msWXn\v CXpwHcp sXfn-hm-Wv. ImcWw hnZq-c-cmPyw ASp cmPyw F-

Xns ASnm\n N{s DZb hyXymkw t]mepw Xocpam\nphm km[ya. km[yambm Xs {]hmNI AXns\]cn-K-Wn-n-p-an-. t\mv apdn-p-hm In {]hm-N-I


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ASp Znh-k-tv s]cp-m \a-kvImcw \on shbvp-hm ImcWw \a-kvIm-c-k-abw Ah-km-\n--Xp-sIm-WvSm-bn-cp-p. Al-Zns {]kn hymJym\ {Kamb Xvlp dm-\n-

bn FgpXpp:(HdG dG) bh Ga ~H AL cdG C

"Xobmbpw HIkwLw \akvImcns kabw \jvSs tijamWv hXv. CXpsImWvSmWv ASp Znhkw \apvCuZv Kmln-tev ]pd-sSm-sav \_n(-kz) {]kvXm-hn-Xv' ( -Xvlp dm\n: hmfyw: 9, t]Pv: 266)

j VCGh hJ j dGh eJ j dG b U dG G (Q)Ijg HG Yj VCGh hJ j dGh eJ j dG AL e H ,697 edG) J

(J""A_q-lpssd-d(-d) \nthZ\w: \_n(-kz) Acpfn: t\mv

\n t\m-\p-jvTn-p \mfn-em-Wv, sNdnb s]cp-m\n Btjm-jn-p \mfnemWv. _en-s]cpm \n_ens]cp-m BtLmjnp \mfnepw.'' (XpapZn: 697

t\mns A[ym-bw) A-_m-\nbpw Cu lZokns\ kzlolmpp.

Le HG) J j VCGh hJ j dG U dG SQ b (Q) Ijg HG Y(~dG T AL e H

Bbn-i(-d) \nth-Z\w: ""Am-lp-hns ZqX Acpfn:sNdnb s]cpm P\ sNdnb s]cpm BtLmjn-p-\m-fn-em-Wv. _en-s]-cp-m P\- _en-s]-cp-m

BtLm-jn-p \mfn-emWv'' (C_v\pamP: 802 sNdnb s]cpmfpw _en-s]cpmfpw Ftm-gmWv F A[ym-bw)

J j cVCGh hJ j cah U dG SQ b (Q) Ijg HG Y(OhGO HG) e e ch be aY ch

A_q-lpssd-d(-d) \nthZ\w: \_n(-kz) Acpfn: ""\nsNdnb s]-cp-m BtLm-jn-p \mfn-emWv \n-fpsSsNdnb s]cpm. \n _en-s]cpm BtLm-jn-p

\mfnemWv \nfpsS _ens]cpm. Ad^ apgph \nphm-\p eamWv. an\ apgph _en-eam-Wv.'' (A_q-Zm-hqZv: 2324)


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(J HE iha ) SdG aj dG dG aY EG :db (Q) FY rnYBbn-i(-d) \nthZ\w: ""P\ Ad-^mbn \np

ZnhkamWv Ad^m Znhkw'' (aPvaqAv: 25-203). `qan-bn Fhn-

sSsbnepw amkndhn DWvSm-bm AXns ASnm\n`qan-bn D-h-scmw sNdnb s]cp-mfpw _en-s]-cp-mfpwBtLm-jnWsav `qcn-]w apkvenw ]fin-Xmcpw \mevaZvl_ns CamapIfpw ]dbpXv \mw Dcn Cu lZokpIsf ASnm\amnbmWv. CXp Aen aWnIv msbpw kplrpfpsSbpw ]pXnb IWvSp]n-Sp-a. ""amkw Fhn-sSbpwIWvSXmbn hnhcw e`n-n-n-. AXn-\m hymgmgvN s]cpm

BhpIbn-. shn-bm-gvN-bmWv s]cpm'' Fv Jmfn-amcpwlnem In-nbpw {]Jym-]n-p-tm Ch Fhn-sSbpwIWvSn FXpsImWvSv Dtin-pXv `qan-bn Fhn-sSbpwZin--Xmbn hnhcw e`n-n FX. N{s Htc DZb-nhcp {]tZ-i--fn Zin hnhcw e`n-n F-Xp-a.{]XypX "tIcf kwm-\-n Zin' Fm-Wv. ImcWwCh C{]-Imcw {]Jym-]n-p Znh-k--fn amkw IWvS

hnhcw abn \nv t]mepw e`n-m-dpWvSv. Cu k`-nan hjfnepw tIcfhpw abpw Htc DZb-n-em-bn-cn-pIbpw sNpw. DZb hyXymkw DWvSmhmdn. Atm kwm\s ASn-m-\amn sImWvSv N{-amkw Dd-n-p ChcpsS Cu ]cn-]m-Snv ]n_-eambn Cu `qan-bn P\n Hcp]fin-Xs A`n-{]mbw t]mepw D-cn-phm Chv km[y-a-. amk-n-dhn \n-b-n Ch CXp-hsc ]nXp-Spt]mcp A\nkvemanIhpw hnIrXhpamb \bs aqSnshbvphm thWvSnbmWv aqv {K Ctm cNnnpXv. B\pImenIfn ncw teJ\ {]knoIcnpIbpw sNpXv. \yqaq-Wn-sbpw Znhkam--n-sbpw {]iv\w s]mn-n-Snv ASn-m\ hnjb-n \nv P\{i sXn-phmthWvSn _lfw shpIbm-Wn-h. kXyhpw \oXnbpw t\mn-

bmbncnWw klIcntWvSsX JpBs {]Jym]\sapdpsI]nSnphm\pw \oXnbpw kXyhpw ]dbphsc HsSpn J_-d-Sw sNphm {ian-ptm au\w ]men-p


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hm ]mSn-s-p- Ckvemans auenI \ntiw Pohn-X-n ]Iphm\pw thWvSn-bmWv Cu {Kw {]kn-oIcn-pXv. Aen-aWnIv^m ]d-bp hnjb-fn A\nkveman-

Iambn \nv tXmpXn \n klIcn-tWvSXn-. kXynepw \oXnbnepw `qcn]w apkvenw ]finXm{]I-Sn-n A`n-{]m-b--fp-ambn tbmPn-p-hbnsenepw\n At-l-hp-ambn kl-I-cn-p-hm Xm-dptWvSm? HtcDZb-n hcp CybpsS ]pd-p cmPy-fn amkn-dhn IWvSmepw AwKoIcnmsav \n ]dbpp. Cu an\naw]cn-]m-Sn-sb-nepw AwKoIcnv t\mpw s]cpmfpw {]Jym-]n-

phm \n Xm-dm-Iptam? Xm thWvSn IWv D]tbm-Kn-ptm Htc hon cWvSv Znhkw t\mpw s]cpm-fpamIpXn \n nXsb bsSmdn-. Cu XXznsASn -m-\-n C{]-Imcw ]e hj--fn \n`nnnpIbpw sNbvXp. Fn \n k-Xn-p asmcpXXz-amWv Htc DZb-n hcp GsXnepw ev amkwIWvSm aXn-sb-v. Cu XXz-{]Imcw nn-pXns\ Fn\v

`b-s-SWw? Ign hjw (lnPvd: 1430). a-bnepw aZo-\-bnepw K^v \mSpIfnepw s]cpm Bbnpw Fns ASnm\nemWv tIcfnse apkvenwIsf sImWvSvs]cpmZnhkw t\m\pjvTnnXv? Amlphns tImSXnbn \nAhXcnnp sXfnhpI {]knoIcnptam? Ah {Klnphm Xm]cy-apWvSv.


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11. Ipssd_ns lZokpwN{s DZb hyXymkhpwN{s DZb hyXymkhpwN{s DZb hyXymkhpwN{s DZb hyXymkhpwN{s DZb hyXymkhpw

tNmZyw: 12

`qanbn BZyambn N{ndhn DWvSmbm AXns\ ASnm-\amn N{s DZb-hy-Xymkw ]cnKWnmsX t\mpws]cpmfpw BNcnpXn\v Ipssd_v(d) C_v\p Amkn(d) \nv D-cn-p kzlolmb lZokv FXn-cm-sWv Nne

]d-bpp. FmWv B lZokns Ah?Dcw:

BZy-ambn lZokns ]qW cq]w D-cn-pp.

Y SGh LM a dG e~a :b dH jhe EG H dG G G jc YH dG ~Y dCa dG NBG j~G e~b K G d dG jCGa dH fGh eQBGQh f a ?jCGQ fG a G d jCGQ a dG jCGQ e a dG cP K SY

hG KK f M f Gf a dG d jCGQ d a jhe Uh GeUh SdG(U) dG SQ feG Gg a eUh jhe jDhH J hG a .Gf""Ipssd-_v(-d) ]d-bpp: Xo-bmbpw Dp^fvev(-d)

Atls AhcpsS Nne Bhiy-v thWvSn iman-tevapBhn:bpsS ASptev \ntbmKnp. Ipssd_v(d) ]dbpp. As\ Rm iman Fn. AhcpsS Bhiyw \nln-p. Rm iman-em-bn-cn-ptm shn-bmgvN cmhv daZm-

\ns amkn-d-hn-IWvSp. tijw Rm aZo\bn Xncn-s-n.amk-ns Ah-km-\-n-embnsImWvSp, Atm C_v\pAm-kv(-d) ""Ftm-gmWv \n amkw IWvSsXv FtmSv


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tNmZn-p. Rm ]dp: shn-bmgvN cmhv (hym-gmgvN cm{Xn)\obpw AXns\ Zin-pthm Fv Atlw hoWvSpw tNmZn-p.AtX, P\fpw AXns\ Zinp. apBhn As\ t\mv

]nSnp Fv Rm {]Xyp-cw \In. Atlw ]dp:Fm AXns\ IWvSXv i\n-bmgvN cmhn-emWv (sh-n-bm-gvN) R apXv ]qn-bm-pItbm AXns\ ImWpItbmsNpXphsc t\m\pjvTnpsImWvSncnpw. Rm ]dp:apB-hn t\m\pjvTn-Xpw Zin-Xpw \nv aXn-bm-IpIbnt? C_v\p Amkv(d) ]dp: aXnbmIpIbn. C{]ImcamWv \_n(kz) RtfmSv I]nXv'' (apkvenw: 1087). ""N{s

DZbhyXymks ]cnKWnXpsImWvSmWv C_v\p Amkv(d) Ipssd_ns ham\s AwKoIcnmXncpXv. CXp\_n(kz) I]nXmsWpw Atlw DWpp'' FmWvCu kw`hw hymJym-\n-sSpXv.

hniZoIcWw1. imkv{X XXz-s-pdn-p A-XbmWv lZokn\v

C{]Imcw hymJym\w \Iphm Nne ]fin-Xmsc t{]cn-n-Xv. N{s DZb hyXymkw, hnZqccmPyw, ASpp cmPywF am\Zfins ASn-m-\n am{Xw Xocpam-\n-phm Hcnepw ]mSn. AXpt]mse C cmPysfmw HtcDZb-n hcphbpw C cmPy-sfmw Htc DZb-nhcm--hbpw Fv imiz-X-amb \nev \n-bn-p-hm\pwkm[y-a. tIcfhpw abpw Htc aXveC- (D-Zb-n) hcp

XmWv. Nnetm tImgntmSpw ImkdtKmUpw, tImgntmSpwsImnbpw Xn t]mepw DZ-b-n (aXveC) hyXym-k-sSpw. sImnepw amkfnepw CXv amdnsmWvSncnpIbpwsNpw. {]kvXpX amk-n iman-sebpw aZo-\-bn-sebpwN{s DZb-n hyXym-kapsWvSv C_v\p Am-kn\v Hcn-epw {Kln-phm km[y-a. imkv{Xob IWv sImWvSvam{Xta AXv Xocpam\nphm km[npIbpq. N{s DZb

hyXymkw t\mpw s]cpmfpw BNcnphm ASnm\amW-sav ]d-bp Ch Xs Cu bmYmyw Xpdv FgpXpXv ImWpI: ""\mw tKmfimkv{X IW\pkcnv amkw


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29-\v Fhn-sSsbms ]ndhn DWvSv Fv BZyw a\n-em-Ww. Av ]ndhnbp GsXnepw Hcp \mn amkw IWvSmAv ]nd-hn-bp Fm {]tZipw AXv _m[Iam-pI.

an\npIfpsS hyXymkw {]ka. kqcymkvXa\n\v tijwHcp an\nsnepw ]ndhn N{ N{Ihmfn DWvSmbm aXn.B {]tZiv amkn-dhn IWvSn-sn-epw, CXn-t\m IqSpX kabw ]ndhnbp efn IWvSXpsImWvSv ChntSv AXp _m[-I-am-p-I. Cs\ hcp-tm Nne-tmGjy apgph\pw Htc Znhkw t\mpw s]cpmfpw BNcnmkm[n-t-pw. Av N{-n-dhn Cm \mSpI ]nt Znhkw

t\mpw s]cpmfpw BNcnWw. CXmWv {]mtbmKnI amw(\yq aqWpw amkndhnbpw t]Pv: 113) hnZqccmPyw, ASp cmPywFXns ASnm\n N{s DZbhyXymkw Xocpam\nphm km[yaspw tKmfimkv{X IW\pkcnv am{XtaCXp Xocpam\nphm km[npIbpqshpw amkwtXmdpwHtc DZ-b-n hcp cmPy- amdn-sm-WvSn-cn-p-sapwCh Xs ChnsS k-Xn-p-p. Atm t\mpw s]cp-

mfpw BN-cn-p--Xn DZ-b-hy-Xymkw ]cn-K-Wn--W-sav]d-bp \yq\-]--n\v BsI-bp sXfnhv \mw apI-fnDcn Ipssd_ns lZokv am{XamWv. AXns\ ASnm\am-phm km[y-asv Ch Xs k-Xn-pp. AtmCh ]d-bp sFIy-n\v bmsXmcp sXfnhpw Chn-.Chp BsI sXfnhmbnsmWvSv Xmsg ]dbp \ymbamWv D-cn-pXv. ""cWvSv, DZbm-kvXab hyXymkw ]cn-KWn-

-Ww. AXn-\m amkw IWvSm DZ-bm-kvX-ab hyXymkwCm \mSpIv am{Xw AXv _m[Iam-Wv. CXmWv im^naZn-l_n ]d-bpXv. tIcfn `qcn-]w im^n-Cu-aZvl_p-Im-cm-Wv. Ahsc ]cn-K-Wn-msX Ccw hnj-b-nsFIyw km[y-a (\yq aqWpw amkn-d-hnbpw, t]Pv: 113) kpn-IfpsS BZiw JpB\nsbpw kpnsbpw `qcn]wapkvenw ]finXmcpsSbpw sXfnhns ]n_ew CsnepwChv Fmw FXn-cm-bn-cpmepw sFIy-n-\pthWvSn AwKoIcn-W-samWv Ctlw ChnsS ]d-bpXv. Fn Fn-\mWv Ckvemln {]m-\-n\v cq]w \In-bXv? Fm


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cwKpw sFIy-n-\pthWvSn Cu \bw AwKoIcn-m aXn-btm? im^n-Cu-aZvl_vImv Ipssd-_ns lZo-sk-nepw]n_eapWvSv. Chv AXpw ChcpsS hymJym\{]Imcw sXfn

hmbn Dcnphm km[ya.imansbpw aZo\bpsSbpw CSbnep Zqc hyXymkw Af

psImWvSv Hcnepw N{s DZbhyXymkw Xocpam\nphmkm[y-a-. im^n-Cu-aZvl_nse Xs B[p-\n-I-cmb Nne]finXm Cu kXyw a\nemnbnpWvSv. N{s aXveAv(D-Zb hyXym-kw) IWv sImWvSv am{Xta Xocpam-\n-phmkm[n-p-I-bp-q-shv ]qo-I-cmb im^n-Cu-aZvl_nse

]finXmcn Nne {]Jym]npXp ImWmw (Xplv : 3381,anlmPv: 119, apn: 1422, \nlmb: 1156, aln: 250). hnZq-ccm-Pyw, ASp cmPyw F ]cn-K-W-\-bpsS ASn-m-\-nN{s DZbhyXymkw Nne FgpXnbXpw AXns ASnm\n Ipssd_ns lZokns\ hymJym\nXpw Ahv ]nbhnUvVnamWv. aplZv \_n(kz)bn \nv aXns {]iv\n C{]Imcw Hcp hnUvVnw kw`-hn-psav Aen aWn-

Iv^m\pw lnPvd In-nbpw ]d-bp-hm Ahv hnizmkPoX _m[nnn.

2. imav (kn-dn-b), aZo\bn \nv GItZiw 1000 (B-bn-cw) Intem ao AIsebmWv nXnsNpXv. N{s DZbn-ep hyXym-ks ]cn-KWn-psIm-WvSmWv C_v\p Am-kv(d) C{]Imcw ]dsXv hymJym\nph Hcp evamkn-dhn IWvSm 1000 Intem ao Zqcns CSbn D

hv am{Xta AXv \n_amhpIbpqshv ]dbptam? CuZqcns CSbn Fm amkhpw N{s DZb-n cmPy- Xn hyXym-kapWvSm-Ipsav hmZn- X\n A-X-bm-Wv. Aen aWn-Iv^m-t\mSp Aamb hntcm-[-ap--ham{Xta C{]Imcw hmZn-pIbpq. kpCuZn Atd-_y-bn 1000--n-e-[nIw Intem ao AI-se-bp e- DWvSv.Fnpw FpsImWvSv AhnsS cWvSv Znhkfnembn t\mpws]cpmfpw Bcw`npn? Ah sNpXv lZokns\ [ncn--emtWm? Chn-Ss ke-^n-I Fp-sImWvSv AhnsScWvSv Znhkfn-embn t\mv Bcw`n-phm D]tZin-pn-


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. XnbXn amdp ev C{X In.ao Zqcw thWsav \nbaaptWvSm. temIv Ingpw ]Snmdpw kabw amdpw. sXpwhSpw kabw amdp-I-bn-. imapw aZo-\bpw GXmWvSv Htc

tcJmwi tcJ-bn-em-Wp--Xv.3. Camw ium-\n(-d) Xs ss\ep HuXzm-dn Cu

lZokns\ ]fin-tXmNnXw ZoLambn hymJym-\n-ppWvSv.GsXmcp ]finX\pw ]cn]qamb kwXr]vXn Cu hymJym\wsImWvSv e`npXmWv. AXnse Hcp {][m\ adp]Sn C{]ImcamWv: ""\_n(kz) RtfmSv InXv C{]ImcamWv'' FvC_v\p Am-kv(-d) ]d--Xv. ""amkw IWvSm \n t\m

\pjvTn-pIbpw amkw IWvSm t\mv apdn-pIbpw sNpI,Asn apXv ]qnbmpI'' F \ntiamWv. N{sDZbs Zqcw t\mn hyXymkw InWsaX. AXnsASn-m-\-n {]hn--W-sa-p-a-. ""amkw IWvSm\n t\m-\p-jvTn-pI''..... F \_n-bpsS {]kvXm-h\Hmtcm {]tZipImpw {]tXyIambXmsWv C_v\p Amkv(-d) kzbw KthjWw sNbvXXm-Wv. \_n-bpsS \ntia

(ss\ep HuXz: 4268)G e d j e d N g H OGfEG L Y Mf gH j GghhdG ~Y Y H ~SEG e XG OdG gG e gd ~H gG jDhQ hd Y H ~SEa

(QWhCG f) ed e gZ a G BGQ ~a ~H gG BGQ GPG fC""amkw IWvSm \n t\m\pjvTnpI... F \_n(

kz)bpsS \ntiw Hcp {]tXyIw `mKphsc am{Xambn

{]tXyIamsSpn. ]t CXp apkvenwIsfv ]dbm]p Fm-hscbpw A`n-apJoIcnv ]d-Xm-Wv. Hcp {]tZiph amkw IWvSm aphpw AXp _m[IamsW-Xn\v Cu lZokv sXfnhv ]nSn--emWv _m[-I-am-hp-I-bnFXn\v sXfnhv ]nSn-pXn-s\m Ghpw hy-am-b-Xv.ImcWw Xo-bmbpw Hcp {]tZiph amkw IWvSmapkvenwI-sfmw Xs AXns\ Zinp Ign-p. Atm

Zin--hv _m[-I-am-bXv Zin-m--hpw _m[-I-am-bn-ocpp'' (ss\ep HuXz: 4268)4. Camw ium-\n(-d) Xs Admdn apfoA: F {K

nepw Ipssd-_ns lZo-kn\v ]fin-tXm-Nn-X-ambn adp-]Sn


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\IpXp ImWmw. Atlw ]d-bp {]k `mKfnHcp `mKw ImWpI:

fC j~G .... SG fG Zh e ~Y jc j~H ~SG e ~SG eCGh

SY HG OGQCG H QbCG gG e gZ jDhH Gj CH geG dG CH SY HG j ~SEG CN Ggh G gG jDhQ jDhdH OGG G e X hj hG KdG cEH geG fG(G QGQ~dG) gGe fK dP GbJ M Gh CG SdG bhG

""Ipssd_n \nv Camw apkvenapw apw Dcnp lZokns\ Nne sXfnhv ]nSnpXv icn-b-. ImcWw Hcp \mnamkw IWvS hnhcw aph Adnm AXp AwKoIcnphm ]mSn-sv \_n(-kz) ]d--Xmbn C_v\p Am-kv(-d)hyampn. Fm C_v\p Amkv(d) DtinXv apXv]qn-bm-pI As-n amkw ImWpI F \_n-bpsSI\sb-bm-Wv. CXp Hmtcm {]tZis Dtin-mWv \_n]d--sXv C_v\p Am-kv(-d) Duln-Xv am{Xam-Wv. CXvsXfnhv ]nSnpXn kw`hn ]nghmWv. P\ Cu kXywa\nemmsX hnUvVnnepw ]nghnepw ]Xnp. As\

Fn]cw A`n-{]m-b-fn-tev Ah Cu {]iv\n `nn-pt]mbn (Admdn AapfoA:1-143, 144)5. {]kn lZokv ]finX\mb Camw ss_lJn(d) Ipssd

_ns lZokv D-cn tijw Atlw Xs lZo-kns\hymJym-\n-pXv ImWpI. km[m-cW-bmbn Atlw lZokvD-cn-pI am{X-amWv sNm-dp--Xv. Fm ChnsS lnPvdIn-n-bpsS FXn-cm-fn-I-sf-tm-se-bp--h hnUvVn-n

hogm km[yXbpXpsImWvSv lZokv \nthZ\w sNbvXtijwAtlw Xs lZokns\ hyJym\n-pp.

hG jDhd ~eG U dG G iNG b Y ihQ e OGQG SY HG j G jnhOGfE jDhQ Y I~dG J M LQ IOH NBG ~H jDhQ ~Y j h I~dG J

(d idG dG) j a G GH jc""C_v\p Am-kv(-d) C{]Im-camWv \_n(-kz) RtfmSv

InXv Fp]dXns hnh Atln \nv Xs

asmcp kw`-h-n D-cn--s lZo-kn-s\-p-dn-m-hmkm[y-X-bp-WvSv. \_n(-kz) ]dp: amkw ImW sImWvSvAsn Fw ]qnbm sImWvSv Amlp klmbn


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n-cn-p-p. cWvSv kmn-I aptJ\ asmcp \mn shvamkw IWvSXv C_v\p Am-knsSpp nc-s-n-n-.Ipssd_v am{XamWv CXv AtltmSv ]d-bpXv. CXpsIm-

WvSmWv C_v\p Am-kv(-d) B hm kzoIcn-m-Xn-cpXv''(kp\\p Ip_vdm en ss_lJn: hmfyw:4, t]Pv: 251) im^nCuaZvl_nse Xs {]kn ]fin-X\mWv Camw ss_lJn(-d).

6. l\^oaZvl_nse {]kn lZokv ]finX\mb CamwskbveCu (acWw: ln:76 a) Xs {]kn lZokv {Kamb\kzv_pdmb:bn FgpXpp:

G SY HG j G j aG dG MQ dG b d gG Y M gjh ~MGdG b a j a GOdG jW jW Lh G GH jc OGfEd dP bjh I~dG GcCa Y Z G dG Y dH GQYG dG SQ feG Gg db j GfG e G a dG MU LCGh .fG G GH GNG L e ia db dPg dh hCG dG Ab Lh G Gh f Hh ~Mh jc H hj b ~Y ge Y AH gh d hCG GL g GG Ggh .fG j~G

(jGdG f) YG dGh eQ g ~MGdG""Ipssd_ns lZokv, `qanbn FhnsSsbnepw amkw

IWvSm AXp ap--hv A\n-hm-cy-am-sW l\-^n-aZvl_ns A`n-{]m-b-n\v FXn-cm-sWv tXmpw. FmCamw ss_lJn(-d) Xs aAvcn_v F {Kn Cu lZokn\v C{]-Imcw adp-]Sn ]d-bpp: C_v\p Am-kv(-d) Cuhmsb AwKoIcnmXncpXv Ipssd_v GI\mbn sImWvSvCXv DcnXpsImWvSmWv. kmnXzns m\v Atlw

CXns\ AhXcn-n-p. kmnXz-n Hcm ]d-m kzoIcnsSpIbn. ]pdsa C{]ImcamWv \_n(kz) InsXAt-l-ns {]kvXm-h\ kwi-bm-h--bn-em-bm \napXv ]qnbmpI F \_n hN\s DtinpsImWvSmWv. Cu lZokn \nv Hmtcm {]tZipImpw {]tXyIwamkw ImW-W-saXv Atlns kzw KthjW-am-Wv.\_n(kz) ]dX. CXn\pw km[yXbpWvSv. XJolns

{KImhv Ipssd_ns lZokn\v C{]Imcw adp]Sn ]dbpp: Ipssd_ns am{Xw hmns\ ASnm\amn Rt\mv apdn-p

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