• MASI---CARAGINE

LET’S SEE !

LIST THE MAJOR CHANGES THAT OCCURRED IN AMERICA BETWEEN 1800 AND 1900

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WHICH OF THESE WAS THE MOST SIGNIFICANT CHANGE?

THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

Back in Colonial times, Americans raised most of the food they ate and made most of the clothes they wore. They spun their own yarn, wove their own cloth, and stitched their own garments. They dipped candles and built tables and chairs. When wealthy colonists wanted fancy dishes, fine cloth, or elegant furniture, they sent to England for them. Manufactured goods were made in England; raw materials came from the colonies. Then, during the American Revolution, that system stopped. Suddenly there was no place to send raw materials and no supply of fine goods. The colonists had to find new markets for their lumber, tobacco, cotton, and other raw materials. Soon their sailing ships were calling in ports from Spain to India.

The Industrial Revolution

After the war, the new United States began trading with England again. At the same time, America was growing and changing. Our democracy was producing a strong middle class. It wasn't only the very rich who wanted to buy manufactured goods. Ordinary people wanted them too. And something was happening in England that would make that possible. It was another revolution—an industrial revolution (although no one called it that for a while). It was a way of organizing work, based on new ideas in science and technology and business. Things once made at home—like cotton and cloth—were being made faster, and often better, in factories. And it all began in England.   

Beginning of the Industrial Revolution

What is a Social Problem?

What is a social problem?

A social problem is a condition that at least some people in a community view as being undesirable. Everyone would agree about some social problems, such as murders and DWI traffic deaths. Other social problems may be viewed as such by certain groups of people. Teenagers who play loud music in a public park obviously do not view it as a problem, but some other people may consider it an undesirable social condition. Some nonsmokers view smoking as an undesirable social condition that should be banned or restricted in public buildings

TASK

• In your groups, you will study six slides and fill in the chart.

• You will search for evidence of a social problem that existed during the Industrial Revolution.

Define the Problem

In your groups, find evidence of the social problem from each slide:

Slide #1

Slide #2

Slide #3

Slide #4

Slide #5

Slide #1

1876

Labor movement urges banning of employment of children. (The History Place: Child Labor in America 1908-1912 )

Slide # 2

Slide #3

Slide # 4

Slide # 5

People Highlighting Poor Working/Living Conditions

• Whilst writers, such as Charles Dickens in Britain and Emile Zola in France, wrote about the appalling living and working conditions, social reformers, such as Robert Owen, showed by practical experiment, that alternatives to long hours, child-labor and maltreatment were available. Others, such as Edwin Chadwick and Seebolm Roundtree, conducted inquiries into the miserable conditions of the poor. In their own way each of them highlighted the awful conditions that prevailed and suggested ways of righting them.

Charles Dickens and Blincoe

Factory Workers

Child Worker Killed! John Brown, A Memoir of Robert Blincoe (1828)

A girl named Mary Richards, who was thought remarkably handsome when she left the workhouse, and, who was not quite ten years of age, attended a drawing frame, below which, and about a foot from the floor, was a horizontal shaft, by which the frames above were turned. It happened one evening, when her apron was caught by the shaft. In an instant the poor girl was drawn by an irresistible force and dashed on the floor. She uttered the most heart-rending shrieks! Blincoe ran towards her, an agonized and helpless beholder of a scene of horror. He saw her whirled round and round with the shaft - he heard the bones of her arms, legs, thighs, etc. successively snap asunder, crushed, seemingly, to atoms, as the machinery whirled her round, and drew tighter and tighter her body within the works, her blood was scattered over the frame and streamed upon the floor, her head appeared dashed to pieces - at last, her mangled body was jammed in so fast, between the shafts and the floor, that the water being low and the wheels off the gear, it stopped the main shaft. When she was extricated, every bone was found broken - her head dreadfully crushed. She was carried off quite lifeless.

Person Invention Date

James Watt First reliable Steam Engine 1775

Eli Whitney Cotton Gin, Interchangeable parts for muskets

1793, 1798

Robert Fulton Regular Steamboat service on the Hudson River

1807

Samuel F. B. Morse Telegraph 1836

Elias Howe Sewing Machine 1844

Isaac Singer Improves and markets Howe's Sewing Machine

1851

Cyrus Field Transatlantic Cable 1866

Alexander Graham Bell

Telephone 1876

Thomas Edison Phonograph, Incandescent Light Bulb 1877, 1879

Nikola Tesla Induction Electric Motor 1888

Rudolf Diesel Diesel Engine 1892

Orville and Wilbur Wright

First Airplane 1903

Henry Ford Model T Ford, Assembly Line 1908, 1913