MATERIALS

CERAMICS HAVE A LONG HISTORY

CONTAIN OXIDES (EX. SiO2)

CERAMICS: A solid material obtained by heating inorganic matter.

Made with traditional pottery techniques. Objects are made out of clay and baked.

Sand is used to make glass.

Low electrical conductivity

High degree of hardness

Heat resistance, low thermal conductivity

Fragile

Can be corroded by acids and bases

and alloys

Ferrous is an adjective used to indicate the presence of iron.

The word is derived from the Latin word ferrum (iron).Ferrous metals include steel and pig iron (which contain a few percent of carbon) and alloys of iron with other metals (such as stainless steel.)

The term non-ferrous is used to indicate metals other than iron and alloys that do not contain an appreciable amount of iron.

The term non-ferrous is used to indicate metals other than iron and alloys that do not contain an appreciable amount of iron

i.e. Aluminum can .

Metals Mechanical properties

Examples of uses

Aluminum Malleability, ductility cans, electrical wires

Copper Ductility, good conductor electrical wires

Tin Very high ductility, resistance to corrosion

submarines

Zinc Hardness, resistance to corrosion

pipes

Magnesium Light, malleability rims

Chrome Very good hardness protective coatings against corrosion

Nickel Ductility, malleability coins

Lead Malleability, high density Cast iron

Tungsten Ductility , resistance to very high temperatures

Lamp filaments

An alloy is a solid solution or homogeneous mixture of two or more elements, at least one of which is a metal

i.e. Stainless steel (combination of iron and chromium)

Metalalloy

Composition Mechanical properties

Examples of uses

Cast iron Iron: 93%Carbon: >2%

Good conductivity

Frying pan

Stainless steel

Iron: 74%Chrome: 17 %Tin: 8%

DuctilityMechanical resistance

Cutlerykitchen utensils

High speed steel

Iron : 99%Carbon: 0.6-1.3%

Very good hardnessResistance to high temperatures

DrillsCutting tools

Mild steel Iron: 99%Carbon: 0.15-0.25%

HardnessWeak resistance to corrosion

Chains

Tinplate Iron: 99%Tin

Very pliableResistance to corrosion

Tin cans

Non ferrous alloys Composition Examples of uses

Brass Zinc and copper Musical instruments

Bronze Copper and tin Water faucets

Titanium Tin and aluminum Airplane pieces