Materials & Resources: 13 possible points Overview€¦ · Materials & Resources: 13 possible points Overview Goals Choosing the proper materials for a project is very important for

Materials & Resources: 13 possible points Overview Goals Choosing the proper materials for a project is very important for sustainability. “Construction and demolition wastes constitute about 40% of the total solid waste stream in the United States” 1 so if the proper materials are chosen that can be recycled from other materials, reused later and/or will last for a long time hopefully this percentage will decrease. The goal of the new GSB buildings, the Knight Management Center, is to achieve an exemplary recycling effort and to reuse as much material as possible.2 Methods The methods that need to be implemented to achieve the Stanford’s and Arup’s goals with the GSB project are the following. Before the new GSB campus can be built, two buildings that currently occupy the space need to be demolished. The material in those buildings should be carefully studied to find out to what extent it can be reused. To decrease the construction waste as much as possible also plays a major role in decreasing the impact of the project. Construction, demolition and land-clearing debris should be minimized and recycled as much as possible. When choosing the structural system as long as non structural elements it is important to see if materials with recycled contents, i.e. steel, can be used and then try to maximize the use of those materials. Also, to use regional materials reduces the environmental impacts resulting from transportation. The use of rapidly renewable materials and certified wood is encouraged. Lastly, make sure that trash bins and recycle bins are placed periodically around the building for occupants use. Architects vision of the Knight Management Center 1 LEED-NC, Version 2.2, p.233

Billings, Millea, Victorsson | LEED-NC Analysis: New GSB Campus | Page 1

2 Arup, New GSB Outline Specs Summary, 5/2/2007

Materials & Resources: 13 possible points LEED-NC Scorecard

LEED for New Construction v2.2 Registered Project Checklist

Project Name: Stanford GSB: Knight Management CenterProject Address: Stanford, CA

Yes ? No

Materials & Resources 13 Points

Y Prereq 1 Storage & Collection of Recyclables Required

1 Credit 1.1 Building Reuse, Maintain 75% of Existing Walls, Floors & Roof 1

1 Credit 1.2 Building Reuse, Maintain 95% of Existing Walls, Floors & Roof 1

1 Credit 1.3 Building Reuse, Maintain 50% of Interior Non-Structural Elements 1

1 Credit 2.1 Construction Waste Management, Divert 50% from Disposal 1

1 Credit 2.2 Construction Waste Management, Divert 75% from Disposal 1

1 Credit 3.1 Materials Reuse, 5% 1

1 Credit 3.2 Materials Reuse,10% 1

1 Credit 4.1 Recycled Content, 10% (post-consumer + ½ pre-consumer) 1

1 Credit 4.2 Recycled Content, 20% (post-consumer + ½ pre-consumer) 1

1 Credit 5.1 Regional Materials, 10% Extracted, Processed & Manufactured Regionally 1

1 Credit 5.2 Regional Materials, 20% Extracted, Processed & Manufactured Regionally 1

1 Credit 6 Rapidly Renewable Materials 1

1 Credit 7 Certified Wood 1


M&R Prerequisite 1: Storage and Collection of Recyclables LEED-NC Credit: YES | UNSURE | NO Prerequisite Intent Facilitate the reduction of waste generated by building occupants that is hauled to and disposed of in landfills. Feasibility This prerequisite must be achieved to receive LEED-NC certification, therefore it is pursued. This prerequisite should be easy to fulfill. An easily accessible area that serves the entire building and collects materials for recycling need to be present and that is always the case for Stanford’s campus buildings.

Figure 1: Trash and Recycle Bins in GSB. Photo by Victor K Victorsson, 4/20/07

Analysis This prerequisite will be met by following Stanford’s own Sustainability Guidelines. Stanford works with the Peninsula Sanitary Service, Inc (PSSI) and PSSI provide garbage and recycling to the campus. The following is from Stanford’s Facilities and Operations webpage: “PSSI provides garbage and recycling services to the Stanford Campus. Recycling bins are usually located inside the buildings near high generating areas.” 3

Figure 2: Trash and Recycle Bins outside current GSB Photo by Victor K Victorsson, 4/20/07

3 Stanford Facilities and Operations: (http://recycling.stanford.edu/acadbuild/index.html)


http://recycling.stanford.edu/acadbuild/index.html

M&R Credit 1.1: Building Reuse: Maintain 75% of Existing Walls, Floors & Roofs LEED-NC Credit: YES | UNSURE | NO Credit Intent Extend the life cycle of existing building stock, conserve resources, retain cultural resources, reduce waste and reduce environmental impacts of new buildings as they relate to materials manufacturing and transport Feasibility This credit aims to reduce landfill waste due to building demolition. The Knight Management Center will be built on a site that already has an existing building on it and will be demolished. Therefore this credit will be hard for the GSB to achieve.

Figure 3: Existing Serra Buildings 651 and 655, with possibly reusable clay tile roofing, as seen from Hoover Tower. Photo by John Millea, 5/14/07. Analysis According to Arup’s civil narrative the existing building on the site will be demolished. They will stockpile material for reuse or recycling. According to the New GSB Outline Specs Summary from Arup a 75% by weight of construction, demolition and land clearing waste is proposed to be salvaged or recycled. Since the total percentage of the proposed material to be salvaged or recycled just reaches 75% it is unlikely that the 75% building reuse credit can be fulfilled. 4 Therefore, no point will be awarded for this credit.




M&R Credit 1.2: Building Reuse: Maintain 95% of Existing Walls, Floors & Roofs LEED-NC Credit: YES | UNSURE | NO Credit Intent Extend the life cycle of existing building stock, conserve resources, retain cultural resources, reduce waste and reduce environmental impacts of new buildings as they relate to materials manufacturing and transport Feasibility This credit will not be achieved since the 75% building reuse credit will not be achieved and therefore the 95% building reuse credit can not be achieved. Analysis The GSB will not be able to reuse 95% of the building material. Therefore no point is awarded for this credit.


M&R Credit 1.3: Building Reuse: Maintain 50% of Interior Non-Structural Elements LEED-NC Credit: YES | UNSURE | NO Credit Intent Extend the life cycle of existing building stock, conserve resources, retain cultural resources, reduce waste and reduce environmental impacts of new buildings as they relate to materials manufacturing and transport. Feasibility This credit should not be pursued. GSB and Arup do not seem to have it as their goal specifically to achieve this credit and it is unlikely that they will fulfill the requirements for this credit. Analysis The GSB will want the Knight Management Center to have for the most parts new interior non-structural elements. It is very unlikely that the interior structural elements in the Serra buildings that will be demolished will fit in an all new GSB building. Not points will be awarded for this credit.

M&R Credit 2.1: Construction Waste Management: Divert 50% from Disposal LEED-NC Credit: YES | UNSURE | NO Credit Intent Divert construction, demolition and land-clearing debris from disposal in landfills and incinerators. Redirect recyclable recovered resources back to the manufacturing process. Redirect reusable materials to appropriate sites. Feasibility This credit aims to reduce landfill waste due to building demolition. The Knight Management Center will be built on a site that already has an existing building on it and has to be demolished. Therefore this credit will be hard for the GSB to achieve but Arup wants to achieve an exemplary recycling effort and should be able to fulfill the requirements of this credit. Analysis According to Arup’s civil narrative the existing building on the site will be demolished. 5They will stockpile material for reuse or recycling. According to the New GSB Outline Specs Summary from Arup a 75% by weight of construction, demolition and land clearing waste is proposed to be salvaged or recycled.6 To fulfill the requirement for this credit 50% needs to be diverted from disposal so they are well above that level According to the presentation by Lauren Goldstein and Kathleen Kavanaugh, a 96% of material was salvaged during the demolition of the Encina Gym so Stanford does have an example of a great effort when it comes to salvaging materials. The materials were then either reused or recycled. 7

Figure 4: Great recycling was achieved in the demo of Encina Gym Figure retrieved from the presentation by Goldstein and Kavanaugh

Therefore one point will be awarded to the GSB for this credit.

5 ARUP, Pre-SD Civil Narrative, 4/30/07 6 Arup, New GSB Outline Specs Summary, 5/2/2007


7 Presentation in class by Laura Goldstein and Kathleen Kavanaugh, 5/2/2007


M&R Credit 2.2: Construction Waste Management: Divert 75% from Disposal LEED-NC Credit: YES | UNSURE | NO Credit Intent Divert construction, demolition and land-clearing debris from disposal in landfills and incinerators. Redirect recyclable recovered resources back to the manufacturing process. Redirect reusable materials to appropriate sites. Feasibility This credit aims to reduce landfill waste due to building demolition. The Knight Management Center will be built on a site that already has an existing building on it and has to be demolished. Therefore this credit will be hard for the GSB to achieve but Arup wants to achieve an exemplary recycling effort and should be able to fulfill the requirements of this credit. Analysis According to Arup’s civil narrative the existing building on the site will be demolished. 8They will stockpile material for reuse or recycling. According to the New GSB Outline Specs Summary from Arup a 75% by weight of construction, demolition and land clearing waste is proposed to be salvaged or recycled.9 That is the minimum percentage needed to achieve the point for this credit and therefore a point will be awarded to the GSB for this credit.

8 ARUP, Pre-SD Civil Narrative, 4/30/07 9 Arup, New GSB Outline Specs Summary, 5/2/2007

M&R Credit 3.1: Materials Reuse: 5% LEED-NC Credit: YES | UNSURE | NO Credit Intent Reuse building materials and products in order to reduce demand for virgin materials and to reduce waste, thereby reducing impacts associated with the extraction and processing of virgin resources. Feasibility This credit should be pursued. Mechanical, electrical and plumbing components and specialty items such as elevators and equipment shall not be included in this calculation. Analysis According to the New GSB Outline Specs Summary, Arup wants to achieve an exemplary recycling effort. Building demolition consisting of complete building and foundation removal will include Serra Complex 651 and 655 where they will stockpile material for reuse or recycling. These buildings have stucco exterior and clay tile roof which the plan is to reuse and 5% reuse should be something that they can achieve.10

Figure 5: Material will be stockpiled for future use Figure retrieved from Goldstein/Kavanaugh present.

We consider it highly likely that the requirements of this credit will be fulfilled and award one point for this credit.




M&R Credit 3.2: Materials Reuse: 10% LEED-NC Credit: YES | UNSURE | NO Credit Intent Reuse building materials and products in order to reduce demand for virgin materials and to reduce waste, thereby reducing impacts associated with the extraction and processing of virgin resources. Feasibility This credit should be pursued. This credit is an addition to credit 3.2 where 5% materials reuse is specified. Mechanical, electrical and plumbing components and specialty items such as elevators and equipment shall not be included in this calculation. Analysis According to the New GSB Outline Specs Summary, Arup wants to achieve an exemplary recycling effort. Building demolition consisting of complete building and foundation removal will include Serra Complex 651 and 655 where they will stockpile material for reuse or recycling. These buildings have stucco exterior and clay tile roof which the plan is to reuse and 10% reuse should be something that they can achieve.11

We consider it highly likely that the requirements of this credit will be fulfilled and award one point for this credit.


M&R Credit 4.1: Recycled Content, 10% LEED-NC Credit: YES | UNSURE | NO Credit Intent Increase demand for building products that incorporate recycled content materials, thereby reducing impacts resulting from extraction and processing of virgin materials. Feasibility This credit should be pursued. Materials that fulfill this requirement include steel, gypsum board, ceiling tile, OSB, insulation, carpet, etc.

Analysis No numbers have been published to demonstrate the percentage of recycled content but the above grade buildings are expected to be steel frame structures and the goal is that the steel will typically have high recycled content. Also, according to the New GSB Outline Specs Summary from Arup most interior partitions in the building will be painted gypsum drywall on steel stud framing; lay-in 2x2 acoustic tile ceilings will be typical for most spaces in the building and carpet will be used in selected areas.12

Figure 6: Gypsum will be used in the new GSB Figure retrieved from: http://www.made-in-china.com/ Therefore we consider it highly likely that this credit will be fulfilled and award one point for this credit.



M&R Credit 4.2: Recycled Content, 20% LEED-NC Credit: YES | UNSURE | NO Credit Intent Increase demand for building products that incorporate recycled content materials, thereby reducing impacts resulting from extraction and processing of virgin materials. Feasibility This credit is an extension of credit 4.2 and should be pursued. Materials that fulfill this requirement include steel, gypsum board, ceiling tile, OSB, insulation, carpet, etc.


Analysis Just as before, no numbers have been published to demonstrate the percentage of recycled content but due to the GSB’s intent on going LEED platinum, the materials that have already been chosen to be part of the buildings and were partially described in credit 4.1. We consider it highly likely that this credit will be fulfilled and award one point for this credit.

Figure 7: Recycling is an integral part of steelmaking Photo retrieved from: http://www.math.buffalo.edu/images/newmth_north_west.jpg


M&R Credit 5.1: Regional Materials, 10% Extracted, Processed & Manufact. Regionally LEED-NC Credit: YES | UNSURE | NO Credit Intent Increase demand for building materials and products that are extracted and manufactured within the region, thereby supporting the use of indigenous resources and reducing the environmental impacts resulting from transportation. Feasibility This credit should definitely be pursued but if the restraints it imposes on the project are too strict there are other credits that should rather be pursued. Analysis Using building materials or products that have been extracted, harvested or recovered, as well as manufactured, within 500 miles of the project site for a minimum of 10% of the total materials value as the credit requires should be easily attainable and therefore one point will be awarded for this credit. Still, this credit depends largely on what kind of structural system will eventually be chosen and what kind of materials the architects will want in the buildings. Until those decisions are made it is difficult to be truly confident in giving this credit but it should be attainable nonetheless.


M&R Credit 5.2: Regional Materials, 20% Extracted, Processed & Manufact. Regionally LEED-NC Credit: YES | UNSURE | NO Credit Intent Increase demand for building materials and products that are extracted and manufactured within the region, thereby supporting the use of indigenous resources and reducing the environmental impacts resulting from transportation. Feasibility This credit could be hard to achieve and both the GSB and Arup might not find it very attractive. They will try to see what material is possible to find within the area since also finding local material might be economical because the material does not need to be transported. . Analysis Using building materials or products that have been extracted, harvested or recovered, as well as manufactured, within 500 miles of the project site for a minimum of 20% of the total materials value as the credit requires could be difficult to achieve. 20% of the cost, which is estimated to be around $275 million, is a large number and the restraints on the choice of material might make the credit unfeasible. Again, this credit depends largely on what kind of structural system will eventually be chosen and what kind of materials the architects will want in the buildings. Depending on what will eventually be chosen will largely effect if this credit is feasible but our feeling is that this credit will not a priority for the GSB and Arup. No point will be awarded for this credit.

M&R Credit 6: Rapidly Renewable Materials LEED-NC Credit: YES | UNSURE | NO Credit Intent Reduce the use and depletion of finite raw materials and long-cycle renewable materials by replacing them with rapidly renewable materials. Feasibility This credit should be pursued. Analysis To fulfill the requirements of this credit the use of rapidly renewable building materials and products for 2.5% of the total value of all building materials and products need to used in the project, based on cost. Rapidly renewable building materials and products are defined as materials or products made from plants that are typically harvested within a ten year cycle or shorter period. Materials that fall in this category are i.e. materials such as bamboo, wool, cotton insulation, agrifiber, linoleum, wheatboard, strawboard and cork. According to New GSB Outline Specs Summary, Arup is considering on using renewable products from FCS sources such as bamboo flooring and they should go ahead with that plan and qualify for this credit. 13

One point is awarded for this credit.

Figure 8: Bamboo flooring is still under consideration Figure retrieved from:http://sarasota.extension.ufl.edu/

FHLC/Images/BambooFloor.jpg



http://sarasota.extension.ufl.edu/


M&R Credit 7: Certified Wood LEED-NC Credit: YES | UNSURE | NO Credit Intent Encourage environmentally responsible forest management. Feasibility This credit should be pursued. To achieve this credit a minimum of 50% of wood-based materials and products used need to be certified in accordance with the Forest Stewardship Council’s principles and criteria. Analysis According to the New GSB Outline Specs Summary a minimum of 50% of wood used will be from FSC sources. Calculations showing that this credit will be achieved have not yet been performed but the based on goals in the GSB Outline Specs Summary a point will be awarded to the GSB for this credit.14


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Materials & Resources: 13 possible points Overview€¦ · Materials & Resources: 13 possible points Overview Goals Choosing the proper materials for a project is very important for