MATERIALS SCIENCES PROGRAMS...formations in superconducting intermetallic compounds. LABORATORIES - 4 - AMES LABORATORY Solid State Physics Division -02- (Continued) 8. SUPERCONDUCTIVITY

ERDA 55

MATERIALSSCIENCES

PROGRAMSFY 1975

UNITED STATESENERVG RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT ADMINISTRATION

DIVISION OF PHYSICAL RESEARCH

NOTICEThis report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by the UnitedStates Government. Neither the United States nor the United States EnergyResearch and Development Administration, nor any of their employees, norany of their contractors, subcontractors, or their employees, makes anywarranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibilityfor the accuracy, completeness or usefulness of any information, apparatus,product or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringeprivately owned rights.

ERDA 55UC-25

MATERIALS

SCIENCES

PROGRAMS

FY 1975

July 1975

UNITED STATES ENERGY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ADMINISTRATION

DIVISION OF PHYSICAL RESEARCH

FOREWORD

During FY 1975, the Atomic Energy Commission was abolished andits'Physical Research Division was totally absorbed into theEnergy Research and Development Administration. Six activitieswere created under the ERDA Administrator, each headed by anAssistant Administrator: National Security, Fossil Energy,Nuclear Energy, Conservation, Environment and Safety, and Solar,Geothermal, and Advanced Energy Systems. While organizationallythe Division of Physical Research is located under the AssistantAdministrator for Solar, Geothermal and Advanced Energy Systems,the mission of the Division is to provide the physical researchbase for all ERDA activities.

The Materials Sciences Subprogram constitutes one portion of awide range of research supported by the ERDA Division of PhysicalResearch. Other programs are administered by the Division'sNuclear Sciences, Molecular Sciences, and High Energy PhysicsOffices. Materials Sciences research is supported primarilyat ERDA National Laboratories and Universities. The researchcovers a spectrum of scientific and engineering areas of interestto the Energy Research and Development Administration and is con-ducted generally by personnel trained in the disciplines of SolidState Physics, Metallurgy, Ceramics, and Chemistry.

This report contains a listing of all research underway inFY 1975 together with a convenient index to the program.

Donald K. StevensAssistant Director(for Materials Sciences Program)Division of Physical Research

INTRODUCTION

The purpose of this report is to provide a convenient compilationand index of the ERDA's Materials Sciences Program. Thiscompilation is intended for use by administrators, managers, andscientists to help coordinate research and/as an aid in selectingnew programs.

The report is divided into Sections A and B, listing all theprojects, Section C, a summary of funding levels, and Section D,an index.

Each project carries a number (underlined) for reference purposes.The FY 1975 funding level, title, personnel, budget activity num-ber (e.g. 01-02), and key words and phrases accompany the projectnumber. The first two digits of the budget number refer to eitherMetallurgy and Ceramics (01), Solid State Physics (02), orMaterials Chemistry (03). The budget numbers carry the followingtitles:

01-01 - Structure of Materials01-02 - Mechanical Properties01-03 - Physical Properties01-04 - Radiation Effects

02-01 - Neutron Scattering02-02 - Experimental Research02-03 - Theoretical Research02-04 - Particle-Solid Interactions

03-01 - Chemical Structure03-02 - Engineering Chemistry03-03 - High Temperature and Surface Chemistry

Section C summarizes the total funding level in a number ofselected categories. Obviously most projects can be classifiedunder more than one category and, therefore, it should beremembered that the categories are not mutually exclusive.

In Section D the references are to the project numbers appearingin Sections A and B and are grouped by (1) investigators,(2) materials, (3) technique, (4) phenomena, and (5) environment.

It should be recognized that it is impossible to include in thisreport all the technical data available for such a large program.By the time it could be compiled it would be outdated. Theapproach taken here was to summarize each project with key wordsand phrases reflecting the activity under the project. The bestmethod for obtaining more detailed information about a givenresearch project is to contact directly the investigators listed.

Louis C. IannielloMaterials Sciences Program

Division of Physical Research

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION A - LaboratoriesPage

Ames Laboratory .................... 1Argonne National Laboratory .............. 8Brookhaven National Laboratory ............. 20Holifield National Laboratory ............. 25Illinois, University of ................ 37Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory ............. 41Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory ............ 50Mound Laboratory .................... 52Pacific Northwest Laboratory ... . .......... 53

SECTION B - Universities

Alphabetical Listing ................. .56-79

SECTION C - Funding Levels

Region ........................ 82Department ................. . .. . 82Laboratory versus University .............. 83Laboratories ...................... 83Research Area ..................... 84

SECTION D - Index

Investigators ............. ........ AlMaterials ....................... A8Technique ....................... A12Phenomena ....................... A18Environment ...................... A24

SECTION A

Laboratories

The information was taken from current Laboratory program budget

submissions. Most projects are of a continuing nature althoughspecific problems and some projects were concluded in FY 1975.

LABORATORIES - 1 -

AMES LABORATORYIowa State UniversityAmes, Iowa 50010Phone: Area Code 515 284-4000

Metallurgy and Ceramics -01-K. A. Gschneidner, Jr. - Phone: 294-2272

1. STRUCTURE OF MATERIALS $215,000 01-01O. N. Carlson, F. A. SchmidtR. K. Trivedi

Basic research involving the interaction of interstitial solutes,primarily 0, H, N, and C, with bcc metals (especially the transi-tion metals of groups III, IV, V and VI) as well as thorium,uranium and iron; development of processes of ultrapurificationof metals; study of transport phenomena including electrotransport,thermotransport, and mass transport due to concentration gradients;theoretical and experimental studies (LEED and Auger spectroscopy)involving free and bounded metal, surfaces, phase formationkinetics and morophologies of precipitates; investigations of theeffects of solutes on mechanical properties especially thetemperature dependence of the flow stress of bcc metals; develop-ment of methods for preparing high temperature composite materialsby controlled solidification; reprocessing of metal scrap by ESRand other techniques; study of the mechanical properties andcorrosion resistance of ferritic alloys.

2. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES $320,000 01-02T. E. Scott, O. Hunter,R. A. Jacobson, D. T. Peterson

Fundamental studies of strengthening mechanisms of metals andceramics and of the factors in various environments which resultin the degradation of mechanical properties; studies are primarilyconcerned with the refractory metals and oxides of yttrium,europium, hafnium, zirconium and tantalum; investigation of theeffects of hydrogen and its isotopes on the properties of refractorymetals especially candidate materials for the CTR first wall;development of fabrication techniques for MHD materials.

LABORATORIES - 2 -

AMES LABORATORYMetallurgy and Ceramics -01- (Continued)

3. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES $655,000 01-03J. F. Smith, D. M. Bailey,M. F. Berard, C. W. Chen,P. Chiotti, K. A. Gschneidner, Jr.,F. X. Kayser, 0. D. McMasters,J. W. Patterson, J. D. Verhoeven,D. R. Wilder, D. E. Williams

Studies concerning the relationships between structures (electronic,atomic, and microstructures) and the physical properties of metals,alloys, ceramics and composites; experimental areas and techniquesemployed include magnetic investigations, low temperature calorimetry,x-ray diffraction, scanning and transmission electron microscopy,basic thermodynamic studies, elastic constant determinations,electron microprobe analyses, and diffusion studies; the majorcategories of materials being investigated are rare earth metals andtheir alloys, the refractory metals, cerium and its allotropes, Pt-transition metal systems, thorium, uranium (and thorium and uraniumcompounds), eutectic alloys, Fe-Si and Fe-Al alloys, superconductingmaterials (for example, Nb-Zr alloys, LaOs 2, and La3In as well asother alloys based on these metals), lithium compounds, ceramicoxides and oxide systems including HfO2-Eu 203 , HfO 2 - and Ta20 -rare earth oxide mixtures, mixed oxide electrolytes, and SrF2 -FaF2.CaF,-YF3 , CaF2 -SrF2 and other fluoride systems; new work is plannedon the production of hydrogen or methane from coal using fused saltreactions.

4. RADIATION EFFECTS $285,000 01-04M. S. Wechsler, C. W. Chen

Investigations on fundamental changes in physical and mechanicalproperties of metals and alloys caused by radiation; void formationand resultant dimensional changes; influence of impurities onradiation-produced defect clusters, radiation hardening, andradiation embrittlement; irradiations carried out chiefly in theAmes Laboratory Research Reactor using the flux converter and thereactor cryostat; mechanical tests, transmission electron microscopy,and electrical resistivity studies; theoretical analyses; materialsinclude refractory metals, thorium, Ni-C, and Ni-Al alloys; majorfuture thrusts: further development and testing of dynamic trappingmechanism discovered in the Ni-C alloys to reduce void formation andtherefore increase the dimensional stability of irradiated metals andalloys, and further investigation of the influence of impurities andalloying additions on radiation-induced changes in mechanical proper-ties, with a view toward providing the basis for developing alloyswhose mechanical properties will be less severely affected by radiationexposure.

LABORATORIES - 3 -

AMES LABORATORYSolid State Physics Division -02-K. L. Kliewer - Phone: 294-4037

5. NEUTRON SCATTERING $495,000 02-01S. K. Sinha, C. Stassis,J. G. Traylor, G. R. Kline

Neutron scattering and phonon dispersion relations for the alkali-tungsten-bronze system, Nb-based alloys and rare-earth tri-fluorides; electron-phonon interaction and soft modes as relatedto superconductivity; structural and dynamical studies of transi-tion metal-hydride systems and Th-hydrides; inelastic neutronscattering studies of dynamics of molecular crystals and chargetransfer salts; short-range order of water molecules in electrolytesolutions; magnetic structure determinations of rare-earth metalsand alloys; electronic distributions in rare-earth metals and theactinides.

6. MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF SOLIDS $ 74,300 02-02S. Legvold, J. L. Stanford,R. W. Green

Electronic properties of metals and alloys as they relate tomagnetic manifestations; experimental studies of band structures,generalized susceptibilities and Fermi surfaces of transitionmetals and alloys; valence and phase changes in metals and alloys;Kondo effect in transition metal alloys.

7. NUCLEAR RESONANCE IN SOLIDS $150,800 02-02R. G. Barnes, D. R. Torgeson

Nuclear hyperfine interactions in solids, NMR, NQR, NGR:deuteron and transition metal NMR to characterize latticesites and to study structural phase transformations and self-diffusion in transition metal hydride and deuteride phases,and to characterize lattice perfection and structural trans-formations in superconducting intermetallic compounds.

LABORATORIES - 4 -

AMES LABORATORYSolid State Physics Division -02- (Continued)

8. SUPERCONDUCTIVITY $226,400 02-02G. C. Danielson, D. K. Finnemore,A. J. Bevolo, H. R. Shanks,J. E. Ostenson

Electron tunneling and thermal conductivity in laminar (two-dimensional) superconductors; spin-scattering rates for the Kondoeffect and for superconductivity in quench-condensed films;microwave surface impedance studies of vortex nucleation; effectson specific heat and magnetization of attractive interactionsbetween quantized vortices; superconducting transition tempera-tures near soft-mode crystal structure phase boundaries; Einsteinmode specific heat contributions in superconducting non-stoichiometric tungsten bronzes.

9. THERMODYNAMIC AND TRANSPORT $263,900 02-02PROPERTIES OF SOLIDSG. C. Danielson, C. A. Swenson,G. L. Salinger, A. J. Bevolo,M. S. Anderson, H. R. Shanks,P. H. Sidles, D. R. Schouten

Heat capacity measurements at low temperatures of PbTe, SnTe, GeTe,NbSe 2, tungsten bronzes, and apiezon-N grease; capacitancedilatometer thermal expansion measurements on copper, aluminum,rare-earth single crystals, and amorphous systems; high pressurestudies of solidified hydrogen isotopes, transport properties(thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, Seebeck coefficient)of iron, vanadium, the group IV tellurides, and amorphous semi-conductors; switching properties of Te-As-Ge glasses and melanin;crystal growth and purification of NbS2, NbSe2, TaS2, MoS2, thetungsten bronzes, and rare-earth chalcogenides; studies of surfacesand thin films with applications for solar cells and fuel cells.

10. OPTICAL AND SPECTROSCOPIC PROPERTIES $155,500 02-02OF SOLIDS AND LIQUIDS

D. W. Lynch, C. G. Olson,F. H. Spedding, M. Piacentini,A. Habenschuss

Optical properties (transmission, reflection, thermoreflection,electroreflection) of solids in the near infrared, visible, andvacuum ultraviolet (using synchrotron radiation): transition metalsand alloys, noble metals, IV and IV-V semiconductors, rare earths,rare-earths trifluorides, LaB6; photoemission into liquids; Ramanscattering and x-ray diffraction in aqueous solutions: HDO, D20,rare-earth chlorides, and perchlorates.

LABORATORIES - 5 -

AMES LABORATORYSolid State Physics Division -02- (Continued)

11. RARE EARTH METALS PREPARATION $119,100 02-02K. A. Gschneidner, Jr.,B. J. Beaudry, P. E. Palmer

Preparation of kilogram quantities of highly pure rare-earthmetals; preparation of single crystals of rare-earth fluorides,metals and special alloys; study new methods for preparation ofhighly pure rare-earth metals in kilogram quantities.

12. OPTICAL AND SURFACE PHYSICS $ 80,300 02-03THEORYR. Fuchs, K.L. Kliewer,P. R. Rimbey, D. L. Johnson

Optical properties of metals and insulators; studies of surfaces,thin films, and small particles; nonlocal effects in opticalproperties and photoemission; effects of surface roughness;collective excitations: phonons, plasmons, and excitons, photo-emission into liquid electrolytes; Compton and Raman scattering.

13. SUPERCONDUCTIVITY THEORY $ 22,500 02-03J. R. Clem

Theory of magnetic structures and magnetic coupling in supercon-ductors; theory of energy dissipation due to flux motion; theoryof flux pinning in inhomogeneous media; theory of ac losses inType II superconductors.

14. MAGNETIC AND ELECTRONIC $137,200 02-03PROPERTIES OF SOLIDS THEORY

S. H. Liu, S. K. Sinha,L. Hodges, B. N. Harmon,D. L. Johnson

Electronic properties of metals and their relationship to magneticand lattice properties; band structure and Fermi surface calcula-tions of transition metals and their compounds; charge and spindistributions and neutron form factor calculations of transitionmetals; d-f exchange in rare-earth metals; magnetic excitations indisordered spin systems; lattice instability and charge-density-wave states in metals, alloys, and metallic compounds.

LABORATORIES - 6-

AMES LABORATORYChemistry Division -03-J. D. Corbett - Phone: 294-3086

15. X-RAY AND NEUTRON $198,000 03-01CRYSTALLOGRAPHYR. A. Jacobson, J. E. Benson,B. J. Helland

Development and extension of X-ray and neutron diffractiontechniques; structural methods in the solid state, insecticides,herbicides, hydrides, potential superconductors, and materialsexhibiting weak solid state interactions; structural studies ofliquid alkali metal solutions.

16. INTERACTIONS IN SOLIDS $ 54,000 03-01B. C. Gerstein

Magnetic behavior studied by heat capacity, initial susceptibility,EPR and NMR techniques; interactions in one- and two-dimensions.

17. LOW OXIDATION STATES IN $120,000 03-01INORGANIC SYSTEMSJ. D. Corbett

Synthesis, structure and equilibrium reactions of metallic elementsunder anaerobic, high temperature, and reducing conditions(e.g., for Sc, Ti, Zr, Hf, Mo, rare earths); structures exhibitingmetal-metal bonding, anisotropic conduction; homopolyatomic ions(e.g., of Pb, Bi, Se, Te, I); ionic intermetallic phases.

18. CHEMISTRY OF HEAVY TRANSITION $ 92,000 03-01METALS

R. E. McCarley

Chemistry of heavy transition elements, especially Nb, Ta, Mo, W;synthesis of dimeric and cluster compounds with strong metal-metal bonds; properties and reactions of metal cluster compoundswith potential for energy storage and catalytic applications;compounds with unusual reactivity.

19. LIQUID METALS $116,000 03-02R. G. Bautista, G. Burnet,M. J. Murtha

Heat capacity of liquid rare earth metals by levitation calorimetry;liquid metal purification using solid absorbents; recovery ofmetals from fly ash using calcination/hydrometallurgical processing.

LABORATORIES - 7-

AMES LABORATORYChemistry Division -03- (Continued)

20. METAL HALIDES $ 30,000 03-02R. G. Bautista

Decomposition equilibria of noble metal halides by simultaneoustorque-Knudsen technique.

21. MASS TRANSFER AND TRANSPORT IN $109,000 03-02FLUIDS AND PARTICULATE SYSTEMS

L. E. Burkhart

Particle and fluid motion from numerical solution of the Navier-Stokes equations and from high-speed photography; motion andstability of fluids near free surfaces; transport near interfaces,especially drops and bubbles; particle size distribution andmorphology in preparation of fine powders; reaction kinetics inmulticomponent mass transfer systems involving chemical reaction.

22. HIGH TEMPERATURE CHEMISTRY $126,000 03-03H. F. Franzen, R. G. Bautista

Structure and bonding in refractory compounds, particularly,metal-rich transition metal chalcogenides; high temperaturetechniques, phase equilibria, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopyof refractory solids; basic optical pyrometry with emphasis onvariation in normal spectral emittance with temperature andsurface properties.

23. SURFACE CHEMISTRY AND CATALYSIS $219,000 03-03R. S. Hansen, B. C. Gerstein

Heterogeneous catalysis by metals and semiconductors, with emphaseson clean surface techniques such as field emission microscopy,flash desorption spectroscopy, and single crystal face catalysis;electrical double layer properties and their alteration byabsorption; mechanical and flow properties of interfaces; struc-tures of molecular solids as studied by pulsed and multiple pulsedNMR and ESR; chemical structures in coal; molecular motion in solids.

LABORATORIES - 8 -

ARGONNE NATIONAL LABORATORY9700 South Cass AvenueArgonne, Illinois 60439Phone: Area Code 312 - 739-7711

Materials Science Division -01B. R. T. Frost - Phone: 739-2221N. L. Peterson - Phone: 739-2222

24. ALLOY PROPERTIES $505,000 01-01F. Y. Fradin, A. T. Aldred, D. J. Lam,F. M. Mueller, B. W. Veal, Jr.,G. Cinader, J. S. Lannin, W. L. Procarione

Electronic structure of metals with emphasis on actinides; alloychemistry of binary compounds of Am; magnetic properties ofactinide compounds with increasing emphasis on heavier actinides;NMR on actinide compounds; optical reflectivity and X-rayphotoelectron studies of actinide metals and compounds; crystalfield theory of actinides; theoretical calculations of the bandstructure of actinides and of the electronic structure of Mo withdilute impurities and defects; theory of electron-phonon inter-actions and superconductivity; electronic conduction processesand electronic structure of ceramic materials for MHD applications.

25. SCATTERING STUDIES $573,000 01-01M. H. Mueller, G. H. Lander,J. Faber

Magnetic Scattering of neutrons from actinide-based binary com-pounds with localized moments; inelastic neutron scattering forcrystal-field effects in actinides; polarized neutron study ofactinides for form factor determination; low temperature X-raystudies to identify distortions from magnetic ordering; crystalstructures of palladium and thorium hydrides; defect structuresin the ZrO 2-CeO2 binary system and perovskite materials for MHDapplications.

26. PHYSICAL METALLURGY $354,000 01-01M. B. Brodsky, A. J. Arko,R. J. Trainor, Jr.

Electronic structures of actinide metals, alloys, and compounds;low temperature specific heat measurements; electrical resistivity;magnetic susceptibility and Mossbauer effect of actinide alloys andcompounds to study spin fluctuations, de Haas-van Alphen effect inactinide metals and compounds; scattering of electrons by latticedefects.

LABORATORIES - 9 -

ARGONNE NATIONAL LABORATORYMaterials Science Division -01- (Continued)

27. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES $386,000 01-02U. F. Kocks, E.S.P. Das, A.P.L. Turner,R. A. Mulford, R. O. Scattergood,J. L. Routbort, H. Mecking, R. Labusch

Theoretical and experimental research on fundamental aspects ofthe mechanical properties of metallic and ceramic solids; computersimulations of the flow stress, strengthening mechanisms, dis-location motion through individual obstacles and random arrays;cyclic hardening and dynamical recovery; constitutive relationsfor plasticity, creep and fatigue of metals and ceramics; structurecharacterization of deformed crystals by X-ray diffraction.

28. METAL PHYSICS $838,000 01-03R. W. Siegel, A. S. Berger, W. K. Chen,E. S. Fisher, M. J. Fluss, N. Q. Lam,J. N. Mundy, S. J. Rothman,D. G. Westlake, R. E. Einziger,N. S. Choudhury, K. H. Faber,L. C. Smedskjaer, S. W. Tam

Atomic mechanisms of self-diffusion and impurity diffusion insolids; effects of hydrogen on physical properties of transitionmetals; directional dependence of elastic properties; the propertiesof point-defects and defect clusters using positron annihilationand electron microscopy techniques; self-diffusion in W and Nb andthe isotope effect; effect of irradiation on diffusion in Ag and Nb;ionic transport mechanisms in solid electrolytes; defect structure,cation diffusion and grain boundary diffusion in oxides; diffusivityand solubility of H in V and Nb; interstitial relaxation in V andNb; studies of point defects in bcc refractory metals; vacancyclustering and vacancy-solute interactions using positron annihila-tion and electron microscopy techniques.

29. SUPERCONDUCTIVITY $190,000 01-03F. Y. Fradin, G. S. Knapp,G. Cinader, S. D. Bader

Electron-phonon interaction in high-transition-temperature super-conductors; NMR and Mossbauer effect studies of the A-15 compoundsNb3X and V3X where X is a nontransition element and of the hydridesof Pd and Pd-Sn and Pd-Ag alloys; the effect of magnetic impuritieson the critical magnetic field in LaSn 3, LaIn3, and LaPb3;anharmonic effects in Nb3X and Laves-phase compounds and PbMo6S8deduced from heat-capacity studies; X-ray photoemission studies ofthe band structure of A-15 compounds and superconducting palladiumhydrides.

LABORATORIES - 10 -


30. NEUTRON IRRADIATION $517,000 01-04T. H. Blewitt, B. S. Brown,M. A. Kirk, Jr., B. A. Loomis,R. C. Birtcher, E. C. Kramer

Point defect production, annihilation and clustering; radiationeffects in superconductors; neutron sputtering; flux pinningby defect clusters and voids; particle emission by neutron bom-bardment; replacement collision sequences; saturation effectsand the recombination volume; void swelling in Nb and Nb-Zralloys as a function of dose, temperature and oxygen contentduring simultaneous irradiation with 4 MeV Ni+ and He+ ions;radiation sources include the CP-5 low temperature facilityand the 4 MeV Dynamitron.

31. CHARGED PARTICLE IRRADIATION $464,000 01-04K. L. Merkle, R. S. Averback,R. Benedek, R. L. Lyles, Jr.,P. P. Pronko, K. H. Ecker

TEM studies of displacement cascades produced by 300 KeV self-ion bombardment and 14 MeV neutron; dechanneling from damageclusters; replacement sequences and long-range diffusion ofinterstitials; influence of channeling on defect production;resistivity studies of self-ion bombarded thin films; theoryof focusing sequences; localized vibrational mode frequenciesof self-interstitials; migration and clustering of defectsand inert gases; lattice locations of interstitial impurities;interaction of gas atoms with displacement damage; sputteringdue to energetic displacement cascades; radiation sourcesinclude 300 KeV heavy ion accelerator, 4 MeV Dynamitron,14 MeV neutron source at LLL and high voltage electron microscope.

32. KINETIC STUDIES $608,000 01-04H. Wiedersich, F. V. Nolfi, Jr.,P. R. Okamoto, D. I. Potter,M. D. Rechtin, A. Taylor,S. P. Choi, G. R. Davidson,R. J. DiMelfi, R. F. Mattas

Investigations into forces and mechanisms that lead to the forma-tion of defect aggregates and precipitates and other inhomogeneousdistributions of atoms in solids during irradiation; solute

LABORATORIES - 11 -


32. KINETIC STUDIES (Cont'd)

segregation to voids and free surfaces during irradiation; effectof irradiations on the microstructure of two-phase alloys -dynamic dissolution and reprecipitation; dimensional changescaused by gas-bubble nucleations; growth and coagulation; stressfields around voids and their interaction with defects and othervoids; the effect of fine precipitate dispersions, soluteadditions, helium, and projectile mass on void formation duringion bombardment; effects of interstitial loop structure andstress-induced preferred loop orientation on irradiation creep;damage structure produced during high-temperature ion bombard-ment of oxides; radiation sources include 300 KeV heavy-ionaccelerator, 4 MeV Dynamitron, and high voltage electron microscope.

Solid State Science Division -02-D. L. Price - Phone: 739-3141

33. NEUTRON SCATTERING STUDIES $923,000 02-01T. Brun, J. M. Carpenter,G. Felcher, D. L. Price,S. K. Sinha, T. Worlton

Research is conducted in neutron inelastic scattering, neutron dif-fraction in magnetic systems and high pressure neutron diffraction;a major effort is devoted to development and prototype testing ofan intense pulsed spallation neutron source; both steady-state andtime-of-flight techniques are employed at the CP-5 research reactorwhile the spallation prototype employs the ZGS proton injector-booster; facilities include a thermal neutron time-of-flightspectrometer, triple-axis spectrometer, time-of-flight diffrac-tometer and a two-axis diffractometer; current studies includediffusion of hydrogen in solid and liquid metals, as well asthe structure and lattice dynamics of hydrides; the dynamics ofliquids including molten salts and He3-He4 solutions; collectiveeffects in the kinetic behavior of dense fluids; the dynamicsand structure of amorphous materials; molecular reorientation anddynamics of molecular crystals (KCN, NaCN, NH4C1, NH4Br); dynamicsof superconductors, amorphous metals and alloys; Schwinger andHuang scattering; crystal field interactions and magnetic effectsin rare-earth intermetallics; magnetic scattering in magneticallyordered systems; spin glasses and rare-earth magnetic form factors;high pressure diffraction and compressibility measurements ofmetals, ionic crystals, ice and high temperature ceramics.

LABORATORIES - 12 -

ARGONNE NATIONAL LABORATORYSolid State Science Division -02-

34. MATERIALS PREPARATION AND $136,000 02-02CHARACTERIZATION

S. Susman, D. Hinks

Preparation of research samples of metal, insulator and semicon-ductor single crystals with documented physical and chemicalproperties; materials of current interest include alkali halidesand cyanides, rare-earth oxides and hexaborides, rare-earth alloysand rare earths in metallic matrices; investigation of refractoryoxides of interest in connection with MHD electrode problems;oxides under study include pure and doped Y203 and Ce02; investi-gation of mechanisms involved in purification and the developmentof clean-room facilities and crystal growth techniques.

35. DEFECTS AND IMPURITIES IN $315,000 02-02NONMETALLIC SYSTEMS

P. Yuster, C. Delbecq,S. Marshall, J. McMillan

Study of defects and impurities in nonmetallic crystals and theprocesses occurring during and after exposure to ionizingradiation; nature of the defects and their interaction withhost-crystal electronic states, lattice modes and with eachother; structure and reorientation dynamics of molecular ioncenters (C12-, BrCl) in alkali halides, heavy metal centers inionic crystals including heavy-metal-molecular-ion complexessuch as (ClSnCl)-, the effect of magnetic fields on recombinationluminescence, ESR studies of impurities (Cr3+ in MgO, Cu2+ inNH4C1, Gd3+ in YAG and in ThO, T1 and Pb centers in KC1 andV2+ in SrF2 ), the coordination of Cu+ + in aminoacids, andtemperature- and magnetic-field dependence of spin relaxation times.

36. LOW TEMPERATURE STUDIES $213,000 02-02H. A. Kierstead, P. Roach,R. Webb, H. Culbert

Studies of properties of quantum liquids and solids at very lowtemperature and the measurement of specific heats of supercon-ducting and magnetic materials at low temperatures; precisionmeasurements of the thermodynamic properties of He , He4 , andHe3 -He4 mixtures near phase transitions, properties of superfluidphases of He3, sound propagation and ion mobility in new He3

phases, adiabatic cooling by nuclear demagnetization, specificheat measurements on Kondo systems (La:Ce); rare-earth sesquioxidesdisplaying antiferromagnetic ordering, and mixed phase alloys(Pb-Na).

LABORATORIES - 13 -

ARGONNE NATIONAL LABORATORYSolid State Science Division -02- (Continued)

37. SUPERCONDUCTIVITY STUDIES $344,000 02-02R. Huebener, K. Gray,C. Falco, J. Hafstrom

Nonequilibrium processes in superconductors and clarification ofthe relation between metallurgical and superconducting propertiesin type II materials; quantum interference effects, magneticstructures and transport properties of superconductors arestudied using high-resolution magneto-optical techniques, tunneljunctions and electrical noise power measurements; dynamic behaviorof flux structures, flux flow, flux pinning and the relaxationtime for magnetic flux penetration, electrical and magneticproperties and superconductivity breakdown at very high transportcurrents; optical excitation of nonequilibrium states in super-conductors, properties of magnetically-coupled superconductingfilms, Josephson weak links, and the preparation of high Tcfilms of Nb and Nb compounds by sputtering and vapor depositionmethods.

38. PHASE TRANSITIONS AND $222,000 02-02CATALYSISL. Guttman, D. O'Reilly

Studies of phase transitions in order-disorder systems; thestructure of glassy materials; the dynamics of molecules inamorphous systems and the properties of atoms and moleculesadsorbed on surfaces; techniques include NMR, ESR and ENDORspectroscopy and extensive computer modeling of complex systems;models of liquids and amorphous solids; computer simulation ofrandom network models of glasses; spin-echo measurements ofself diffusion in H2, D2, and H2-D2 mixtures; NMR determinationof structure in amorphous materials such as glassy BeF2;magnetic resonance studies of surface states; diffusion ofadsorbed species on surfaces and catalysis.

39. MAGNETIC PROPERTIES $144,000 02-02B. D. Dunlap, G. K. Shenoy

Magnetic properties of metals, alloys and compounds are studiedwith particular emphasis on local-moment vs. itinerant models ofmagnetism; measurement of hyperfine interactions, spin-latticerelaxation times and crystal-field effects in lanthanide andactinide materials with the M6ssbauer effect; studies of the

LABORATORIES - 14 -


39. MAGNETIC PROPERTIES (Cont'd)

degree of localization of 5f electrons in neptunium and americiumLaves phase intermetallics; measurements of crystal field split-tings and electronic relaxation effects in cryolites; studies ofhydrogen-bearing compounds such as ErH2 and (Er)YH2 as well asother rare-earth hydrides; hyperfine interactions and electronrelaxation effects in hemoglobin compounds; properties of dilutemagnetic alloys employing neutron scattering, magnetization andspecific heat measurements; local moment formation and the Kondoeffect in Ce alloys and compounds such as CeA13, (La,Ce)A13 andCeSn3; competition between the Kondo effect and superconductivitywith tunnel diodes made of La-_xCexThy.

40. ELECTRONIC PROPERTIES $173,000 02-02L. Windmiller, G. Crabtree

Studies of the Fermi surface in metals, alloys and intermetalliccompounds via the de Haas-van Alphen Effect; measurement ofconduction-electron effective masses and g-factors and studiesof the scattering of electrons by impurities, lattice defectsand local moments; experimental determination of g-factors atthe Fermi surface in Au and complementary APW g-factor calcula-tions; studies of conduction states with f-like character in theactinide compounds URh3 and UGe3; measurements of the Fermisurface in Mo, W and Nb and associated band structure calcula-tions; Fermi surface and scattering lifetime measurements inAu, Pd, and Pt and dilute alloys of these metals with Fe, Coand Ni; and studies of conduction electron scattering by vacanciesin Au and Pt and by dislocation loops in Cu.

41. SOLID STATE THEORY $370,000 02-03T. Arai, T. Gilbert, D. Koelling,F. Mueller, A. Rahman, J. Robinson,D. Smith, P. Vashishta

Electron correlation at metallic densities; itinerant theory ofmagnetism and electron correlations; electron-hole plasmas;hydrogen in metals; defects in metals and insulators; temperaturedependence of magnetic ordering in rare-earth metals and alloys;localized moments and the Kondo effect; cumulant perturbationexpansion for spins; molecular dynamics calculations; theory ofneutron scattering measurements; vortex motion in quantum liquids;electron-phonon interactions; structure and interactions of atomsin molecules and solids; optical and electronic properties ofinsulators; electronic structure and properties of metals;actinide metals and intermetallic compounds; superconductivity

and superfluidity; magnetism of transition metal alloys.

LABORATORIES - 15 -


42. ENERGETIC PARTICLE INTERACTION $310,000 02-04J. Jackson, W. Primak,P. Vashishta

Production and recovery of radiation damage by ions, electronsand neutrons in metals and insulators; elementary defectsand their interactions; defect production and trapping rates;distribution of defects; properties of divacancies and largercluster impurity effects; field ion microscopy; deviationsfrom Matthiessen's rule; theoretical studies of defect forma-tion and migration in metals; materials currently under studyinclude lead, platinum, nickel, indium, mercury, molybdenumand tungsten; radiation damage in insulators includes work onlithium niobate, sapphire, spinel, lucalox, barium titinate,quartz, vitreous silica, and glasses; optical and electricaleffects; dimensional changes; stress formation and relief;migration of implanted ions to surfaces and voids; surfacedestruction; blister formation and spallation.

Chemistry Division -03-P. R. Fields - Phone: 739-2666

43. NEUTRON SCATTERING AND $515,000 03-01X-RAY DIFFRACTION STUDIES

S. W. Peterson, M. Atoji,J. M. Williams, H. E. Flotow,E. G. Sherry

Chemical synthesis and materials evaluation (particularly byneutron-structure and bonding studies) of highly anisotropicelectrically-conducting inorganic compounds such as the Krogmannsalts K2Pt(CN)4Br0 3 -3H20 and K2Pt(CN)4C10 3-3H20 and of complexmetal hydrides of potential use in catalytic-hydrogenation pro-cesses; neutron-diffraction studies of magnetic and relatedmaterials in a wide temperature range (2-1800°K) with appliedfields of up to 25 Kilogauss; neutron quasi-elastic-scatteringstudies on single crystals of TaHx (to understand the mechanismfor hydrogen diffusion) and lattice dynamic studies of varioussingle-crystal samples of PdDx; and X-ray phase studies con-cerning: ion-bombarded materials of interest in the CTR program;characterization of hydride phases formed on trapping hydrogenor deuterium in metallic films; structure and superlatticeinvestigations of the cation-deficient cyanoplatinate one-dimensional conducting salts; structure studies of heavy-elementcompounds which may form in fast-breeder fuel; structure andmechanistic studies of organophosphate actinide-waste-productextractants.

LABORATORIES - 16 -

ARGONNE NATIONAL LABORATORYChemistry Division -03- (Continued)

44. HIGH TEMPERATURE CHEMISTRY $355,000 03-03R. J. Thorn, R. J. Ackermann,J. R. McCreary, E. G. Rauh,G. H. Winslow

High-temperature thermodynamic, transport, and structuralproperties of inorganic, ceramic materials: oxides, carbides,sulfides, and fluorides; thermochemical systematics oflanthanide and actinide compounds, both solids and gaseousmolecules; determination and role of energies of latticedefects and valence states in the thermochemical and diffusionalproperties of ceramic, refractory materials; derivation ofstatistical-mechanical equations of state based on defects andvalence energies of ternary nonstoichiometric phases; determina-tion of the thermochemical properties and equilibria of gaseousmolecules and the partial molar thermochemical properties ofsolids and their relation to structures including defects; hightemperature X-ray-diffraction investigations of defect-structures,thermal disorder and lattice expansions; photoelectron-spectroscopic studies of valence-band structures of 4f- and 5f-elements in various oxidation states; derivation therefrom ofa rational, quantitative scale for valence-states energies insolid-state chemistry; thermodynamics and thermochemistry ofself diffusion and chemical diffusion in nonstoichiometricphases such as (U Ln)02+x; diffusion-limited sublimation inuranium carbides; Knudsen mass and momentum effusion and mass-spectrometric measurements of partial vapor pressures; precisemeasurements (0.05°C) of temperature above 1000°C.

45. LOW TEMPERATURE CALORIMETRY $119,000 03-03D. W. Osborne, H. E. Flotow

Heat capacity measurements and determination of entropies,enthalpies, and Gibbs energies from 0.1 to 350K for use inthermodynamic calculations at higher temperatures; emphasisis being placed on inorganic compounds of importance in energysystems, especially the LMFBR and various advanced nuclear re-actors; among the compounds currently being studied are:plutonium oxides, nitrides and carbides made from the longer-lived plutonium isotope 242pu; uranium oxides, sulfides, andselenides; sodium-uranium-oxygen compounds; U3Si (a possiblefuel for an advanced reactor); compounds of high-yield fissionproducts (e.g., Cs, Ba, and Mo) with uranium and chromium.

LABORATORIES - 17 -

ARGONNE NATIONAL LABORATORYChemistry Division -03- (Continued)

46. SURFACE CHEMISTRY OF ENERGETIC $296,000 03-03REACTIVE-PARTICLE INTERACTIONS WITHSOLIDS AND SPECTROSCOPY OF HIGHTEMPERATURE SYSTEMSD. M. Gruen, I. Sheft, R. L. McBeth,R. B. Wright

Mechanism of chemical sputtering; characterization and yieldmeasurements of sputtered products from metal, insulator andsemiconductor surfaces bombarded with 15 Kev hydrogen isotopicions; mechanism of trapping, including chemical trapping ofhydrogen isotopes in surfaces; characterization of surface compoundsand surface structural changes produced by ion implantation usingATR-IR, laser Raman, X-ray diffraction and SEM techniques; photonabsorption measurements of metal-atom and molecular dopants insolid-deuterium matrices; reactions of metal atoms with smallmolecules to form novel.organo-metallic complexes at cryogenictemperatures in noble-gas matrices; matrix-isolation spectroscopyof selected atomic and molecular species; spectroscopy of moltensalt systems - most recently of transition metal ions in moltenalkali-metal carbonates.

Chemical Engineering Division -03-L. Burris - Phone: 739-2594F. A. Cafasso - Phone: 739-3672

47. LIQUID METALS CHEMISTRY $200,000 03-02V. A. Maroni, E. Veleckis,W. Calaway, R. M. Yonco

Thermodynamic and transport properties of liquid alkali metalsand their solutions; phase diagrams and solution thermodynamicsof Li-D2, Li-T2, and Li-Al-H2 systems by tensimetric methods;pressure composition isotherms for LiH and LiD in liquid lithiumbelow the monotectic; the Li-LiO2 phase diagram; distribution ofoxygen, nitrogen and carbon between liquid lithium and selectedlithium halide eutectic salts; study of binary Li-Li2C2 systems;diffusion coefficients of hydrogen and deuterium in liquid Li,Na, and NaK as a function of temperature; interactions of lithiumwith refractory metals and alloys.

LABORATORIES - 18 -

ARGONNE NATIONAL LABORATORYChemical Engineering Division -03- (Continued)

48. MOLTEN SALT CHEMISTRY $150,000 03-02M. Blander, G. Papatheodorou,M. Saboungi

Calculation of phase diagrams and other thermodynamic propertiesof molten salts using fundamental solution theories; conformalionic solution theory; liquidus diagrams of multicomponent moltensalt systems, statistical mechanics of ionic systems; structureof molten salt systems involving acidic salts such as A1C13 andZnC12; thermodynamic and spectroscopic properties of salt vapors;identification of high temperature associated vapor speciesformed between A1C13, ZnC12 or HC1 with other salts; laser-Raman spectral studies, vapor-transport measurements, chemicalseparations using vapor-transport.

49. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS $150,000 03-02P. T. Cunningham, B. Holt,W. Hubble, S. Johnson

Chemistry of sulfate and nitrate airborne particulate and theirformation mechanisms; methodology for particulate characteriza-tion; size, time, and spatial variations in the chemistry ofairborne particulates in Chicago, St. Louis, and Riverside,California; infra-red spectroscopy, application to determiningthe distribution and concentration of carbonate, silica, silicate,nitrate, sulfate, ammonium, hydrocarbon, etc. in particulates;laboratory simulation of atmospheric conditions for the studyof sulfate and nitrate particle formation; evaluation of othersulfate and nitrate formation mechanisms; kinetics of sulfurfixation by half-calcined dolomite and of the regeneration ofthe active material from sulfated calcine, mechanism of reactions.

50. THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF $260,000 03-02INORGANIC SUBSTANCESP. A. G. O'Hare, W. N. Hubbard,G. K. Johnson, M. Ader,D. R. Fredrickson

Experimental and computed thermodynamic properties of inorganicmaterials; interpretation and prediction of materials propertiessuch as enthalpies of formation and bonding energies; standard

0enthalpies of formation (AHf/( 2 9 )), high temperature enthalpyincrements (HT-H298); oxygen and fluorine bomb calorimetry,hypergolic reaction calorimetry, flow calorimetry, dropcalorimetry to 2000 K; enthalpies of formation of hyperstoichio-metric cesium chromates, NaVO2, CsAlO2, WS2, TiS, Ti4C2S2, TiN,fLiAl, rare earth trifluorides, VF3, Li2C2; transuranium com-

pounds aUS2 , CaU04, MgUO4.

LABORATORIES - 19 -

ARGONNE NATIONAL LABORATORYChemical Engineering Division -03- (Continued)

51. HEAT TRANSFER MATERIALS $100,000 03-02M. Blander, T. Renner

Studies on materials which exhibit strong or unusual bondingin the vapor and, hence, are potentially useful as heat transferfluids; nature of vapor species, equilibrium constants, relativebond strengths, P-V-T properties, methanol, ethanol, trifluoroethanol,thermal conductivities.

52. PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY OF ELECTRO- $ 55,000 03-02CHEMICAL ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMSR. K. Steunenberg, J. R. Selman,A. E. Martin, M. Blander,M. Saboungi

Electrochemical and phase studies of cathode materials in lithium-aluminum/LiCl-KCl/metal sulfide batteries; electrode reactionkinetics and mechanisms, electromotive force measurements,lithium-aluminum, lithium-magnesium, lithium-zinc alloys, chemi-cal activity, deviations from ideality; phase relationships oflithium sulfide, iron sulfide, copper sulfide, cobalt sulfidesystems, solid solubility, compound formation, lithium-aluminum alloy, exchange current density, lithium-ion diffusionin molten salts, solid-state diffusion in lithium-aluminum,chronopotentiometry on iron sulfide electrodes, binary lithiumalloys, binary sodium alloys, ternary alloys, solution thermo-dynamics, models for the prediction of the thermodynamicproperties of ternary alloy systems.

53. BUBBLE NUCLEATION $ 35,000 03-02M. Blander and Hann-Shen Huang

Homogenous and heterogenous bubble nucleation and explosiveboiling studies; P-V-T properties of stable and metastablefluids and testing of equations of state; contact vaporexplosion mechanisms, nucleation theory, molecular dynamiccalculations; technique development for limit of superheatmeasurements for hydrocarbons and ethers; studies on theheterogenous nucleation of water.

LABORATORIES - 20 -

BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LABORATORYUpton, Long Island, New York 11973Phone: Area Code 516 - 345-2100

Materials Science Division -01-

D. H. Gurinsky - Phone: 345-3504

54. SUPERCONDUCTIVITY $300,000 01-03A. Sweedler, R. Viswanathan,

0. Kammerer, R. Caton, D. Gurinsky

Fundamental properties of superconductors such as long range order,

stability, stoichiometry, low temperature phase transitions, heat

capacity of individual phases, preparation of and orientation of

single crystals of A-15 superconductors; use of x-ray-neutron

diffraction, LEED, Auger resistivity; nonconventional methods of

preparation of high Tc superconductors.

55. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PROPERTIES $345,000 01-03

AND STRUCTURESM. Suenaga, T. Luhman,D. Dew-Hughes, C. Pande,C. Klamut, D. Gurinsky

Methods of preparation of high field, high critical temperature,

high current superconductors; preparation of multifilamentary A-15

superconductors; kinetics and mechanisms of formation of A-15 super-

conductors; relationship of defect structure and superconducting

properties, stabilization and strengthening of multifilamentary

conductors; study of ac losses in A-15 superconductors.

56. RADIATION DAMAGE $147,000 01-04

L. Snead, A. Sweedler,

D. Gurinsky, R. Viswanathan,

C. Pande

Study of effects of low energy and 30 BeV protons, 14 MeV neutrons,

thermal and fast >1 MeV neutrons, and low energy electrons on

properties of superconductors; intercomparison of damage effectiveness;

annealing studies of irradiated superconductors; effect of temperature

on damage rates; heat capacity of irradiated superconductors; defect

structure of irradiated superconductors.

LABORATORIES - 21 -

BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LABORATORYPhysics Department -02-B. C. Frazer - Phone 345-3876

57. NEUTRON SCATTERING - MAGNETIC SYSTEMS $495,000 02-01G. Shirane, L. Passell, M. Iizumi,J. D. Axe, S. M. Shapiro, J. W. Lynn

Neutron scattering studies on the structure and dynamics of magneticmaterials; spin waves in amorphous ferromagnets; magnetic criticalscattering in rare earth pnictides and in Co metal; tricriticalityin FeC1 2 ; spin waves and spin reorientation in rare earth ortho-ferrites; development of broad band polarizing monochromators usingmultilayer films.

58. NEUTRON SCATTERING - PHASE $465,000 02-01TRANSITIONS

G. Shirane, J. D. Axe, H. Taub,S. M. Shapiro, R. Pynn, Y. Fujii,K. Carneiro, J. W. Lynn

Neutron scattering studies of structural phase transformations andof dynamical fluctuations of ordering parameters associated withthem; pressure induced transition in TeO2 ; second order metal-insulator transformation in NbO2 ; valence fluctuations in SmS andin magnetite; charge density waves in transitions in pseudo one-and two-dimensional metals; martensitic phase transformations in"w"-phase alloys.

59. NEUTRON SCATTERING - ELEMENTARY $395,000 02-01EXCITATIONS IN SOLIDSJ. D. Axe, G. Shirane, R. Pynn,Y. Fujii

Neutron spectroscopy of low-lying thermally excited energy statesin solids; phonon studies in Ar-36 and high density Ne crystals;lattice dynamics of other molecular crystals, a-N 2 and DC1; effectof a magnetic field on phonon lifetimes in Nb; phonons associatedwith the indirect band gap in AgBr; development of new and improvedexperimental and analytical techniques for inelastic scatteringstudies.

LABORATORIES - 22 -

BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LABORATORYPhysics Department -02- (Continued

60. NEUTRON SCATTERING - PARTIALLY $300,000 02-01ORDERED SYSTEMSL. Passell, J. D. Axe, G. ShiraneK. Carneiro, H. Taub, R. Pynn, D. E. Cox

Neutron scattering studies of short-range order and of both collectiveand localized excitations in liquids, amorphous solids, dense gases,and certain thin films and surfaces; structure and dynamics of Armonolayer films adsorbed on graphite; analysis of x-ray and neutrondiffraction data from liquid crystals; inelastic coherent neutronscattering in amorphous solids; structure and dynamics of materialswith high ionic conductivity; defect structure and phase relationshipsin CeO2_x; neutron induced disorder in superconducting A-15 compounds.

61. EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH - $344,000 02-02SUPERCONDUCTIVITYM. Strongin, J. Strozier,R. Viswanathan, M. Yu,C. Varmazis, H. Lutz

Superconductivity in crystalline ultra-thin films on semi-conductorsurfaces; co-deposition of elements to study metastable phases inA-15 films; measurements of critical currents in thin film super-conductors; properties of Josephson junctions and junction arrays;specific heat of thin film superconductors and amorphous films;nucleation of the superconducting state at metal surfaces andrelationships with surface impurities; alloys of Sn and Ge at thesurface of niobium; structural studies using LEED and AES; studiesof the rf transition in superconductors.

62. EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH - $176,000 02-02LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICSV. J. Emery, E. B. Osgood,W. C. Thomlinson

Study of the condensed phases of liquid helium; current emphasis onthe measurement of various properties of superfluid He-3 and thedevelopment of a nuclear cooling apparatus for this purpose; long-range continuing interest in transport properties at low temperatures.

LABORATORIES - 23 -

BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LABORATORYPhysics Department -02- (Continued)

63. THEORETICAL RESEARCH $415,000 02-03M. Blume, G. J. Dienes,V. J. Emery, R. E. Watson,D. 0. Welch, S. Krinsky,D. Mukamel, P. Bak

Phase transitions and critical phenomena, magnetism, liquid helium(He-3, He-4, and their mixtures), ferroelectricity, electronicstructure of metals and alloys, and crystal defect physics; propertiesof one- and two-dimensional materials; staggered magnetic fields inantiferromagnets; computer studies of one-dimensional and randommagnetic systems; superfluidity in liquid He-3; analysis of soft x-rayphotoemission data from alloys; dynamics and kinetics of crowdioninteractions; defect-defect interactions and phase transitions;properties of superionic conductors; studies of valence electrondistributions in crystals; Mossbauer and spin resonance line shapesand perturbed angular correlations in randomly varying external fields;fluctuations and surface superconductivity.

64. PARTICLE-SOLID INTERACTIONS - $450,000 02-04RADIATION EFFECTS RESEARCHA. N. Goland, P. W. Levy,D. E. Cox, K. J. Swyler,K. G. Lynn

Defect studies employing positron-annihilation lifetime and Doppler-broadening measurements on irradiated metal samples; simultaneousoptical-absorption and luminescence measurements during electronor gamma irradiation of alkali halides, ceramics and optical-qualityglasses; electron irradiation studies of metals preirradiated with14-MeV neutrons; thermoluminescence of TLD-100 dosimeter crystals;effects of radiation on thermal decomposition kinetics in ammoniumperchlorate; calculations of radiation damage parameters for CTR-related neutron sources.

LABORATORIES - 24 -

BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LABORATORYPhysics Department -02- (Continued)

65. PARTICLE-SOLID INTERACTIONS - $400,000 02-04PROPERTIES OF IDEAL ANDNONIDEAL SOLIDSA. N. Goland, P. W. Levy,H. Engstrom, K. G. Lynn

Utilization of particle-solid interactions as diagnostic probes insolid-state investigations; studies of point defects and dislocationsin metals by positron annihilation lifetime and Doppler-broadeningmeasurements; x-ray and neutron diffraction studies; Raman scatteringfrom defects in sodium chlorate crystals; axial channeling of protonsin very thin single crystals; thermoluminescence of inorganic crystals,including studies on minerals from ore sites.

66. PARTICLE-SOLID INTERACTIONS - $ 80,000 02-04HIGH TEMPERATURE MATERIALS

Do E. Cox, C. Khattak,A. No Goland

High-temperature materials, especially as related to probably re-quirements of MHD and CTR systems; preparation of the simple oxides,A1203 and Y203 and various perovskite oxides; electrical conductivity,x-ray and neutron diffraction studies of pure and doped crystals inthe LaCrO3 system, BaCeO3, and BaZrO ; neutron diffraction studiesof defect structures and phase relationships in the CeO 2_x system;research on high electronic conductivity ceramics.

LABORATORIES - 25 -

HOLIFIELD NATIONAL LABORATORYP. O. Box XOak Ridge, Tennessee 37830Phone: Area Code 615 483-8611

Metals and Ceramics Division -01-J. R. Weir, Jr. - Phone: 483-1925C. J. McHargue - Phone: 483-1278

67. FUNDAMENTAL CERAMICS RESEARCH $284,000 01-01J. Brynestad, S. L. Bennett,R. H. Busey, H. F. Holmes,H. P. Krautwasser

Structure of pyrocarbons; thermodynamics, structure and stabilityof tellurides; boron carbides, uranium nitrides and europiumcompounds; properties of potential solid blanket materials forfusion reactors; grain boundary structure and composition ofceramics.

68. CRYSTAL PHYSICS $178,000 01-01G. W. Clark, J. D. Holder,C. B. Finch

Directional solidification of metal-metal oxide binary systems;development of models for heat and mass transfer during coupledsolidifications; evaluation of oxide-matrix composites for hightemperature applications in gas turbines and MHD devices; hydro-thermally grown quartz; single crystals doped with lanthanidesand actinides; definition of important parameters for edge-defined film-fed growth process.

69. THEORETICAL RESEARCH $295,000 01-01J. S. Faulkner, G. S. Painter,W. H. Butler, J. J. Olson,M. H. Yoo, B. Gyorffy

Anisotropic elastic treatment of elastic energy of dislocationsand effect of elastic self-fields on equilibrium shapes ofprismatic dislocations; drift flow paths, kinetics, and captureradii for point defects in such fields; KKR band theory forcalculating electronic states in periodic crystals having morethan one atom per unit cell and to analyze superconducting transi-tion temperatures; multiple-scattering cluster program forelectronic states of clusters of Cu, Ni, Fe atoms and effectson stepped surfaces; DVM applied to covalent compounds of interestfor potential solar energy applications; CPA treatment of non-stoichiometric compounds.

LABORATORIES - 26 -

HOLIFIELD NATIONAL LABORATORYMetals and Ceramics Division -01- (Continued)

70. STRUCTURE OF METALS AND ALLOYS $ 60,000 01-01R. O. Williams

Interrelation of thermodynamics and structure of solid solutions;ordering and clustering in Cu-Al and Ni-Mo; morphological andcrystallographic relationships of "tweed" structure produced byinternal oxidation of Ta-8% W-2% Hf and Nb-l% Zr.

71. FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH IN X-RAY $194,000 01-01DIFFRACTIONH. L. Yakel, Jr., B. S. Borie,C. J. Sparks, Jr., R. W. Hendricks

Structures of Eu203; diffuse x-ray and neutron scattering measure-ments applied to study of forbidden Bragg reflections andw-phase formation, transformations in uranium alloys; small anglescattering studies of voids in irradiated materials; inelasticresonance scattering; application of synchrotron x-radiation tostudy diffraction in solids.

72. DEFORMATION AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES $270,000 01-02R. A. Vandermeer, J. C. Ogle,C. S. Yust

Relationships between structure and deformation and mechanicalproperties; "memory" effect in U-Nb-Zr alloys; stress effectson transformations from y-stabilized uranium alloys; fracturein body-centered cubic alloys; recrystallization of rolledtantalum single crystals; deformation and fracture of metal-metal oxide composites; creep of polycrystalline ceramics;role of grain boundaries on deformation processes.

73. SURFACE PHENOMENA $230,000 01-03J. V. Cathcart, R. E. Pawel,G. F. Peterson, G. J. Yurek

Mechanisms of alloy oxidation in U-, Ta-, and Nb-base alloys;oxidation generated stresses; structure of oxide films andmobility of elements in them; reaction of composite materialswith oxygen, CO-CO2 mixtures, methane, effects of other gases.

LABORATORIES - 27 -


74. DIFFUSION IN SOLIDS $230,000 01-03T. S. Lundy, P. T. Carlson,R. A. Perkins

Theoretical and experimental studies of atomic migration in solids;interdiffusion and intrinsic diffusion in V-Ti solid solutions;thermotransport of monovalent and divalent impurities in singlecrystals of NaCl and KC1; thermal gradient and stoichiometriceffects on diffusion in UN; chemical and tracer diffusion inFe-Cr-Ni; hydrogen isotopes in Cr203.

75. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES RESEARCH $230,000 01-03D. L. McElroy, R. K. Williams,J. P. Moore, T. G. Godfrey

Development and application of measurement methods for obtainingaccurate physical properties data (thermal conductivity,electrical resistivity, thermopower, specific heat capacity,and coefficient of thermal expansion) from 1.2 to 2600 K;analysis of data for information on energy transport mechanismsand evaluation of theories; refractory metals; nuclear ceramics;effects of stoichiometry, cation-anion mass ratio, and (T/9D),on transport properties in ceramics; irradiation effects.

76. METALLURGY OF SUPERCONDUCTINGMATERIALS $260,000 01-03

C. C. Koch, D. M. Kroeger,D. S. Easton, D. J. Griffiths

Effect of metallurgical variables on superconducting propertiesin Nb- and Tc-base alloys; ac loss mechanisms in Nb and A-15compounds; fluxoid pinning in Nb-Gd, Nb-Y, and Nb-Hf alloys;properties of sputter deposited Nb12Al3Ge; development oftechniques for measuring J; structures in A-15 compounds; lowtemperature specific heat measurements.

LABORATORIES - 28 -


77. RADIATION EFFECTS $1,125,000 01-04J. O. Stiegler, K. Farrell,E. E. Bloom, J. M. Leitnaker,W. A. Coghlan, N. H. Packan,W. G. Wolfer, L.K. Mansur,R. W. Carpenter, E. A. Kenik,J. Hastings, T. C. Reiley,G. Bauer

Void and interstitial loop formation as functions of neutronfluence, spectra, and irradiation temperature; developmentof quantitative relationship between neutron and heavy ionbombardment; irradiation of Al, Ni, V with self ions and"transmutation products" in Van de Graaff and ORIC; effectof composition on swelling and loss of ductility in Al andFe-Cr-Ni "model" systems; in situ studies by HVEM; theoreticaltreatment of nucleation and growth of defect clusters, kineticeffects of accelerated irradiation and stress effects ofswelling; simulation of radiation creep; effects of high gascontents on structure and properties; solute segregation duringirradiation; effects on phase stability.

Solid State Division -02-M. K. Wilkinson - Phone: 483-6713F. W. Young, Jr. - Phone: 483-1704

78. NEUTRON DIFFRACTION $485,000 02-01W. C. Koehler, J. W. Cable,H. R. Child, R. M. Moon

Elastic and inelastic scattering of polarized and unpolarizedneutrons by magnetic systems; magnetic moment distributionsin weakly paramagnetic and diamagnetic systems Sc, Y, Ti, Nb,Bi, Cu(Fe), Cu, and in dilute and concentrated alloys Ni-Cu,Ni-Cr, and Ni-Mn; crystal field levels, spin densities andexchange interactions in cubic Laves phase compounds LuCo2, TmCo2,TmNi2 and (Ho,Tb)Fe2; critical scattering from Gd and Er;field dependence of magnon energies in Dy and Gd.

LABORATORIES - 29 -

HOLIFIELD NATIONAL LABORATORYSolid State Division -02- (Continued)

79. NEUTRON SPECTROMETRY $420,000 02-01H. B. Smith, W. Kamitakahara,R. M. Nicklow, H. A. Mook,N. Wakabayashi

Inelastic neutron scattering from magnetic and nonmagneticsystems; soft modes and critical scattering near phase transitionsin RbCaF3 and Gd; phonon dispersion curves of high temperaturesuperconductors Nb(Zr), Hg, Tc and MoxRel_x; quasielasticscattering and coherent inelastic scattering from metal hydridesPdDX. Ta(H) and Nb(H); phonon density of states and magneticexcitations of amorphous materials Co4P, Ge and As2Se3; inter-actions in rare-earth-iron compounds; lattice dynamics of layeredand molecular compounds PbI 2, 12 and NH4CIO 4; lattice conductorTTF-TCNQ; crystal field levels in Sml_xYxS, TmN, SmN and Nd;phonon measurements in disordered alloys, lattice dynamics andradiation damage in Cu.

80. SMALL ANGLE NEUTRON $110,000. 02-01SCATTERINGH. A. Mook, D. K. Christen

Development of small angle neutron scattering instrumentation andtechniques; void distribution in irradiated Al and stainless steels;systematic studies of fluxoid lattices and fluxoid pinning inType II superconductors; pore size distributions in carbons andcoal; precipitation hardening of alloys; critical fluctuations inferromagnets EuO and Gd.

81. SUPERCONDUCTIVITY $300,000 02-02S. To Sekula, H. R. Kerchner,D. K. Christen, H. G. Smith

Investigations of fluxoid morphology, fluxoid dynamics, and fluxoid-defect interactions in Nb- and V-base type-ll superconducting alloysand A-15 compounds by magnetization and flux-creep studies; low-frequency magnetic permeability measurements and neutron small-anglescattering by fluxoids; radiation effects in type-ll superconductors;neutron inelastic scattering studies of high-transition-temperaturematerials.

LABORATORIES - 30 -


82. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ON $624,000 02-02PURE MATERIALS

J. W. Cleland, G. C. Battle,W. E. Brundage, T. F. Connolly,R. E. Reed, C. C. RobinsonU. Roy, R. D. Westbrook

Initial purification, single crystal growth, and characterizationof research quality materials; availability and physical propertiesof research quality materials via the Research Materials InformationCenter; arc-fusion growth of pure and doped MgO, CaO, BaO, and SrO;Czochralski growth of Ge(Li) and Ge(HP) radiation detector crystals;electron beam float zone growth of single crystals of refractorymetals V, Nb, Zr, Ir, and Re and their alloys; preparation of highpurity Fe-Cr-Ni alloys; preparation of Nb, V, and Mo base alloys;

growth of isotopic 5Ni single crystals; grain growth of large singlecrystals of rare earth metals and rare earth alloys; Bridgman growthof large single crystal ferrites; Czochralski growth of single crystalsof A-15 type superconducting compounds such as V3Si, Nb3 Sn, andNb3Ga; Bridgman growth of large single crystal fluoride perovskitessuch as KMgF3 and RbCaF3.

83. SURFACE STUDIES ON METALS $260,000 02-02L. H. Jenkins, D. M. Zehner,Jo R. Noonan, J. F. Wendelken

Low energy ion damage to metal surfaces; sputtering of metals byhigh energy neutrons; studies of reordered metal surfaces using lowenergy electron diffraction (LEED) and positive ion channelingspectroscopy; LEED and Auger electron spectroscopy from "d" and"f" electron band solids; quasi-atomic structure and angular emissiondependence in Auger spectra; secondary electron energy loss spectrarelated to crystallographic effects; thin oxide and sulfide over-layers on metal substrates; solid state aspects of heterogeneouscatalysis; appearance potential spectrometry.

LABORATORIES - 31 -


84. OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS $270,000 02-02FOR ADVANCED ENERGY SYSTEMS

J. B. Bates, E. SonderF. A. Modine, L. C. Templeton

Effects of particle and ionizing radiation, high temperature,and impurities on the optical properties of crystalline and poly-crystalline insulators, such as CaO, MgO, SiO 2 and halide perovskites;techniques include Raman scattering, laser-excited optical emission,polarization modulation spectroscopy and Fourier transform infraredspectroscopy; investigation of the phonons and excitons of purematerials as well as the vibrational and electronic properties ofthe ground and excited states of defects in materials.

85. HIGH TEMPERATURE CERAMICS $386,000 02-02M. M. Abraham, Y. Chen,J. C. Pigg, R. A. Weeks

Electrical conductivity of refractory oxides SiO 2 and MgO at hightemperatures, in large electric fields and in intense radiationfields; electrical, thermal, and magnetic properties of diamagneticelectrical insulators such as MgO, CeO2 and A1203; dependence ofradiation damage in MgO on specific impurities; effects of hydrogenand other ion implantation on electrical and magnetic properties;effects of 14 MeV neutron damage on MgO and CeO2 ; electronic prop-erties of transuranium elements in insulating materials.

86. PHOTOVOLTAIC AND PHOTOTHERMALCONVERSION OF SOLAR ENERGY $0 02-02R. F. Wood, J. W. Cleland,R. D. Westbrook, H. L. Davis

Czochralski and float zone growth of high purity and solar cellquality single crystal Si; characterization to determine the effectsof point defects, defect clusters, dislocations, twins, stackingfaults, and unwanted chemical impurities in Si on electrical andoptical properties; thermal neutron transmutation and chemical dopingexperiments to increase carrier concentration in Si without degradingcarrier lifetime; electrical and optical property measurements onbulk specimens and test p-n junction diodes fabricated by evaporation,diffusion, and ion implantation; study of those factors known to

LABORATORIES - 32 -


86. PHOTOVOLTAIC AND PHOTOTHERMALCONVERSION OF SOLAR ENERGY (Cont'd)

degrade conversion efficiency, such as the voltage factor,charge loss due to surface recombination, and deviations fromthe ideal diode curve; theoretical band structure investiga-tions; investigations of near surface properties of materialsby ion implantation and ion backscattering; preparation,characterization and investigation of promising Group IV,III-V, and II-VI semiconducting materials. To be initiatedin FY 1976.

87. THEORY AND COMPUTATIONS $570,000 02-03R. F. Wood, M. T. Robinson,H. L. Davis, J. H. Barrett,J. F. Cooke, D. K. Holmes,T. Kaplan, M. E. Mostoller,O. S. Oen

Band structure calculations in metals and insulators; electronicproperties of rare-earth and actinide compounds; electronicstructure and optical properties of defects in insulators; hightemperature oxides and carbides; reflection of light atoms fromsurfaces; near surface diffraction of Auger electrons; surfaceyield of back-scattered ions; lattice vibrations in disorderedalloys; the coherent potential approximation; vibrationalproperties around substitutional impurities in insulators;neutron scattering from self-interstitials in fcc metals;electron screening and phonon spectra; lattice dynamics of highTc superconductors; ferromagnetism in transition metals; spinwave calculations in Ni and Fe; Brillouin zone integration;Heisenberg spin systems; computer simulation of radiationdamage; standardization of displacement dose estimation proce-dures; cross sections for displacing atoms in solids by fastelectrons; the simulation of neutron damage by heavy ion bombard-ment.

88. NORMALIZATION OF ION AND NEUTRON $ 80,000 02-04DAMAGET. S. Noggle, J. Narayan,O. S. Oen

Normalization of damage production rates using fission neutronand 5 MeV Al ion irradiation of thin films of Al; depth distribu-tion of Cu ion damage in Cu; damage theory computations.

LABORATORIES - 33 -


89. RADIATION EFFECTS IN METALS $410,000 02-04

R. R. Coltman, Jr., C. E. Klabunde,

J. K. Redman, J. M. Williams

Electron damage rates in V and radiation-doped Cu; interlaboratoryprogram on damage rates in V, Nb, and Mo alloys; neutron scattering

study of 4.9°K-irradiated Cu; low-temperature recovery of thermal

neutron-irradiated V; radiation-enhanced diffusion in AgAu; fluxoid

motion and defects in V; thermal properties of a superconducting

solenoid under irradiation; correlated density and resistancemeasurements on copper irradiated at room temperature by fastneutrons; damage production rates in metals during ambient-temperature

fast-neutron irradiation.

90. ION BOMBARDMENT $240,000 02-04

B. R. Appleton, O. E. Schow,

J. W. Miller

Near-surface properties of solids by ion scattering and channeling

investigations on 2.5 MV positive ion accelerator; hyperchanneling

studies in Au and Ag single crystals of 0.3 to 2.0 MeV H and He,

and of 18-40 MeV 0 and I ions; stopping powers, charge exchange,

and radiative electron capture as a function of charge state for

18-40 MeV 0 ions in Au and Ag single crystal channels; simulation

and investigation of impurity ion interactions in plasmas by heavy

ion channeling; determination of charge states of heavy ions withinsolids by characteristic x-ray yield measurements of 0 and Ar ionsin gasses and solids; radiation damage studies of gasses implanted

in metals; energy and yield measurements of electrons ejected by

heavy ions transmitted through thin foils and/or single crystals.

91. X-RAY DIFFRACTION AND $270,000 02-04

ELECTRON MICROSCOPY

T. S. Noggle, S. M. Ohr,

B. C. Larson, J. B. Roberto,

J. Narayan, F. A. Sherrill

Radiation damage in nearly perfect Cu and Nb crystals; anomalous

x-ray transmission; x-ray diffuse scattering; high precision measure-

ment of lattice parameter change; transmission electron microscopy;

ion damage; dislocation channeling; single crystal films; anisotropic

elasticity theory of dislocation loops; theory of interaction of

electrons and x-rays with defects in solids.

LABORATORIES - 34 -

HOLIFIELD NATIONAL LABORATORYChemistry Division -03-O. L. Keller - Phone: 483-6444

92. NEUTRON AND X-RAY DIFFRACTION - $374,000 03-01STRUCTURAL CHEMISTRYW. R. Busing, G. M. Brown,C. K. Johnson, H. A. Levy,W. E. Thiessen

Neutron diffraction crystal structure studies emphasizing lightatom position determination (including hydrogen) in the presenceof heavy atoms and the precise determination of thermal motionparameters; complementary x-ray diffraction work, especially onsmall crystals; development of techniques and computer programsfor direct methods for the solution of the phase problem in crystalstructure analysis; computational modeling of crystal structuresfrom atom-atom potential functions; use of combinatorial group theoryin analyzing molecular rearrangements studied by neutron diffraction.

93. NEUTRON AND X-RAY DIFFRACTION - $ 96,000 03-01STRUCTURAL CHEMISTRY OF LIQUIDSAND AMORPHOUS SOLIDSA. H. Narten

Experimental determination of the structures of liquid metals, moltensalts, molecular liquids, aqueous solutions, and amorphous solids usingneutron and x-ray diffraction; formulation of methods for predictionand extrapolation of properties of liquids and amorphous solids onbasis of (a) determination of atomic and molecular arrangements byneutron and x-ray diffraction, (b) development and application ofmethods of obtaining intermolecular forces consistent with observedarrangements, and (c) application of intermolecular forces to compute,predict, and extrapolate physical properties.

94. BASIC MATERIALS CHEMISTRY RELATED $405,000 03-02TO FUSION REACTOR SYSTEMSJ. T. Bell, F. J. Smith,J. D. Redman, G. M. Begun

Studies are being made of tritium permeation through alloys proposedas construction materials as well as the determination of surfaceoxidation effects in impeding permeation; the chemistry of the oxidebuild-up is also being investigated along with the effects of tem-perature cycling on the film; basic chemical information is beingobtained on the behavior of tritium in molten metals and salts proposedas CTR blankets; molten Li and Li2BeF4 and alternate blanket materials(e.g., Li-Al alloy).

LABORATORIES - 35 -

HOLIFIELD NATIONAL LABORATORYChemistry Division -03- (Continued)

95. THERMODYNAMICS AND TRANSPORT IN $115,000 03-03MOLTEN SALTS AND HYDROUS MELTS

J. Braunstein, A. L. Bacarella

Characterization of transport properties in anhydrous and hydrousmolten salts is being carried out to develop models applicable tovery concentrated aqueous electrolytes and molten glass formingsystems such as beryllium fluoride-alkali fluoride mixtures; themethods of irreversible thermodynamics are used to derive equationsapplicable for data analysis; experimental methods includechronopotentiometry, potentiometry, and isopiestic equilibration;diffusion, conductance, and transference parameters are obtained ofinterest in ionic systems including high temperature batteries.

96. SURFACE CHEMISTRY $ 98,000 03-03G. P. Smith, E. L. Fuller,P. A. Agron

Classical surface chemistry applied to adsorption processes on catalystsand refractory oxides from 77°K to 1000°C; porosity of coal andcatalysts; calorimetric measurements of adsorption from 25 to 200°C;infrared spectra of adsorbed species to 800°C.

97. ELECTROCHEMICAL KINETICS $132,000 03-03AND CORROSION

F. A. Posey, H. R. Bronstein,E. J. Kelly

Basic electrochemical mechanisms of corrosion reactions applicableto localized attack of metals (e.g., titanium) needed for understandingcorrosion in active and passive states and effects of restrictivegeometries (such as pitting, crevice corrosion, and stress corrosioncracking); magnetoelectrochemical studies related to CTR; propertiesof electrode systems designed with attention to both electrochemicaland hydrodynamic properties (porous, capillary and channel electrodes,suspension electrodes, etc.); applications of such systems toanalysis or electrolytic treatment of flowing streams.

LABORATORIES - 36 -

HOLIFIELD NATIONAL LABORATORYChemical Technology Division -03-D. E. Ferguson - Phone: 483-6051

98. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH $130,000 03-02C. D. Scott, W. W. Pitt,R. M. Canon

New methods for preparing materials and carry out processing;adiabatic burning of HTGR fuels, hydraulic cyclones for solid-liquid separations; preparation of small beads of sorption mediafor high resolution chromatography.

99. PREPARATION AND PROPERTIES OF $120,000 03-02ACTINIDE CARBIDES AND NITRIDESA. P. Malinauskas, T. B. Lindemer,E. C. Beahm

Properties and reactions of the ceramic carbides, oxides andnitrides of the actinides and lanthanides; studies of the U-N-(Cr, Fe, Ni) system including prediction of stability ranges ofcompounds of type U(Cr, Fe, Ni)2; computational methods for freeenergy functions for actinide carbides and nitrides.

LABORATORIES - 37 -

ILLINOIS, UNIVERSITY OFUrbana, Illinois 61801Materials Research LaboratoryR. J. Maurer - Phone: Area Code 217 - 333-1370

100. ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE AND MAGNETISM $ 64,000 01-01OF TRANSITION METAL ALLOYSP. A. Beck

Magnetic properties of alloys of the 3d transition metals; magneticstructure of mictomagnetic spin glass alloys; Au4V, Fe3Al and Cu-Mnalloys; measurements of magnetic susceptibility and specific heat.

101. SOLID STATE PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS $ 98,000 01-01AND THIN FILMSC. M. Wayman

Martensitic phase transformations and pretransformation latticeinstabilities in bulk material and thin films; shape memory effectfor conversion of heat to work; mechanism of hydride formation forenergy storage; major technique is electron microscopy.

102. DYNAMIC STRUCTURE OF SUPERCRITICAL $ 28,000 01-01DENSE WATER AND AQUEOUS ELECTROLYTESOLUTIONSJ. Jonas, H. Drickamer

Transport properties of electrolytes in superheated high pressuresteam for separation of uranium isotopes; properties of water athigh temperature and pressures studied by nuclear magnetic resonance.

103. POINT DEFECT - DISLOCATION $137,000 01-02INTERACTIONSH. Birnbaum

Study of the diffusion mechanism and trapping of hydrogen anddeuterium in bcc metals; anelastic, magnetic relaxation and Ramantechniques are used.

104. THE MECHANISM OF STRESS-CORROSION $ 59,000 01-02CRACKING: PROPAGATION STUDIESE. N. Pugh

Determination of the stress corrosion cracking mechanism and crackpropagation in Mg, Al, Zn and Ti alloys in aqueous solutions andgases; emphasis is on fractographic and acoustic emission studies.

LABORATORIES - 38 -

ILLINOIS, UNIVERSITY OF

Materials Research Laboratory (Continued)

105. DEFORMATION OF REINFORCED METALS $ 40,000 01-02

M. Metzger

Examination of the role of dislocations in determining the mechanical

properties of metal composite materials with Ni3Al-Ni3 Nb aligned

eutectic alloy as a model substance; microstrain measurements and

electron microscopic techniques are used.

106. DEFORMATION OF INTERMETALLIC $ 45,000 01-02

COMPOUNDS AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES

H. Fraser

Determination of the mechanism of the high temperature plasticdeformation of hard metals, like NiAl; study of hydride

precipitation, hydrogen embrittlement and fracture of Nb-H alloys;

deformation studies are carried out inside the electron microscope.

107. PRECIPITATION IN REFRACTORY $ 29,000 01-02

METAL ALLOYS

C. Wert

Study of the metallurgical properties of alloys of V, Nb, and Ta

with the interstitial solutes hydrogen and carbon; electron

microscopy and thermodynamic techniques are used.

108. INTERSTITIAL SOLID SOLUTIONS $ 57,000 01-03

C. Alstetter

Study of the mechanical properties of the bcc metals V, Nb, Ta

containing oxygen and nitrogen with emphasis on strengthening

effect of precipitates; examination of the effects of solutes

and precipitates on sputtering by ions; techniques include electron

microscopy, tensile tests and emf of solid electrolyte cells.

109. NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE STUDIES $ 63,000 01-03

T. Rowland

Measurement of the diffusivity of hydrogen in niobium and effects

of oxygen and nitrogen by nuclear magnetic resonance; study of

molecular segmental motion in cross linked polymers by nuclear

magnetic resonance.

LABORATORIES - 39 -

ILLINOIS, UNIVERSITY OFMaterials Research Laboratory (Continued)

110. USE OF VERY HIGH PRESSURE TO $121,000 02-02INVESTIGATE THE STRUCTURE OFMATTERH. G. Drickamer

Investigation of electronic energy levels and wave functions ofalkali halides, phosphors, spiropyrans, anils and titanatesthrough optical absorption and luminescence with very high pressureas a primary tool.

111. ANHARMONIC EFFECTS IN SOLIDS $102,000 02-02A. V. Granato

Study of the elastic properties and strength of normal and super-conducting metals by ultrasonic techniques; determination of theconfiguration of the hydrogen interstitial in metals.

112. DEFECT AND ELECTRONIC PROPERTIES $102,000 02-02OF SOLIDSD. Lazarus

Studies of transport phenomena both ionic and electronic in metalsand salts as functions of temperature and pressure; self-diffusionin titanium; conductivity, tracer diffusion and noise measurementson the superionic silver iodides.

113. DIELECTRIC SOLIDS $0 02-02D. Payne

Hydrothermal growth of highly polarizable acentric crystals likeBi2WO6 and Ba2TiSi208 and characterization of dielectric responseof single and polycrystalline specimens to determine propertiesuseful for energy and information storage, thermal detection andelectronic uses. To be initiated in FY 1976.

114. PROPERTIES OF NOBLE GAS CRYSTALS $101,000 02-02R. O. Simmons

Study of the defect structure and lattice dynamics of the quantumcrystals of helium, argon, krypton and methane by x-ray, Ramanand dilatometric techniques.

LABORATORIES - 40 -

ILLINOIS, UNIVERSITY OFMaterials Research Laboratory (Continued)

115. NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN SOLIDS $134,000 02-02C. P. Slichter

Study by nuclear magnetic resonance of (a) the Kondo effect andelectronic structure of.magnetic atoms, (b) charge density wavesand hydrogen in transition metal chalcogenide two dimensionallayer crystals; determination of the electrical conductivityof highly anisotropic one dimensional organic crystals.

116. PHYSICS OF REFRACTORY MATERIALS $100,000 02-02W. S. Williams

Characterization of the thermal, mechanical and electronic propertiesof the transition metal carbides and the biological ceramic materialsbone and teeth; techniques include x-ray topography, high temperaturecompression tests, electrical measurements and theoretical calculations.

117. RADIATION DAMAGE IN SOLIDS $150,000 02-04J. S. Koehler

Determination of the geometrical structure, migration and formationenergy of defects produced in metals by high energy electrons; studyof void formation during high temperature irradiation; measurementof electrical resistance, anomalous transmission of x-rays, hightemperature dilatometry and theoretical studies are major techniques.

LABORATORIES - 41 -

LAWRENCE BERKELEY LABORATORYUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeley, California 94720Phone: Area Code 415 843-2740

Inorganic Materials Research DivisionV. Zackay - Phone: 642-3812R. Muller - Phone: 843-6079

118. POWDER METALLURGY $180,000 01-01M. R. Pickus

Liquid phase sintering applied to the iron carbon system;control of the micro and macro structural characteristics ofrare-earth iron Laves phases prepared by powder metallurgytechniques; dispersion of rounded particles of titanium car-bide in a Type 410 stainless steel for resistance to abrasionin corrosive environments.

119. MICROSTRUCTURE, PROPERTIES AND $220,000 01-01ALLOY DESIGN: ELECTRON DIF-FRACTION AND MICROSCOPY

G. Thomas

Experimental structural steels having superior tensile andtoughness properties and which can be obtained as economicallyas possible; thus mechanical processing is presently excludedfrom processing sequences; studies are being carried out on themicrostructures and phase transformations in certain ferritesand minerals and on non-stoichiometric TaC; with the acquisitionof two new high resolution electron microscopes capable of 2AFourier line resolution (Philips EM 301 - 100 kV and SiemensElmiskop 102 - 125 kV) we are now in a position to make moredetailed studies of substructure, especially early stages ofphase transformations, than was hitherto possible.

120. FUNDAMENTALS OF ALLOY DESIGN $725,000 01-02V. F. Zackay, E. R. Parker

Principles of the quantitative design of alloys; because of thecomplexity and size of this task, we have confined our researchto certain aspects of the overall problem these research focalpoints have been: (1) the elucidation of the detailed rela-tionship between structure (defect, crystal and microstructure)and mechanical properties (strength, ductility and fracture tough-ness), and (2) the formulation and implementation of a long rangeprogram to study the thermodynamics, kinetics, and alloy theoryof complex systems; almost all of the work has been on ferroussystems.

LABORATORIES - 42 -

LAWRENCE BERKELEY LABORATORYInorganic Materials Research Division (Continued)

121. CRYSTAL IMPERFECTIONS IN DAMAGED, $180,000 01-02ION IMPLANTED AND SOLID STATEELECTRONIC MATERIALS

J. Washburn

Using a hot stage in the 650kV electron microscope it has beenpossible to directly and continuously observe the climb ofdislocations as they preferentially capture interstitial atoms;the shape memory effect in NiTi has been shown by directelectron microscope observations to be associated with migra-tion of the accommodation twin boundaries within the martensiteplates of the low temperature orthorhombic phase; up to about 6%strain no slip takes place and the transformation back to theCsCl high temperature phase is accompanied by 100/ strainrecovery; the nature of rod shaped defects and small dislocationloops in ion implanted silicon has been studied by applicationof weak beam diffraction contrast observation and by repeatedobservation of the same field of view during interruptedannealing treatments and during irradiation in the 650kVelectron microscope; computer simulation of field ion micro-scope imaged of tips containing dislocation loops of the orderof 30 i in size and within about one loop diameter of the surfacehave shown that it should be possible to distinguish between loopsof interstitial and vacancy type.

122. THERMODYNAMICS, PHASE STABILITY $150,000 01-02AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIESJ. W. Morris, Jr.

The overall objective of this research program is to advance thetheory of alloy design; the problem of designing an engineeringalloy may be subdivided into four parts: (1) estimation of thethermodynamic properties of an alloy of given composition;(2) prediction of the microstructure resulting from a specifiedtreatment of an alloy of given thermodynamic and kinetic properties;(3) prediction of the engineering properties of an alloy of givenmicrostructure; (4) synthesis of this information in the selectionof alloy composition and processing.

LABORATORIES - 43 -


123. HIGH TEMPERATURE REACTIONS $145,000 01-03A. W. Searcy

Both theoretical and experimental studies are being conductedin three related areas: the solution thermodynamics of phasesof very narrow composition limits, the kinetics (and thermo-dynamics) of vaporization and endothermic decomposition reactions,and the kinetics of transport of gases and vapors through poroussolids; during the present year this group is participating ina mass spectrometer study of the kinetics of extinction offlames and a study of poisonous decomposition products of flamepyrolysis.

124. SUPERCONDUCTIVITY EFFECTS - $180,000 01-03HIGH FIELD SUPERCONDUCTIVITY

M. R. Pickus

The present objective of the high field superconductivityprogram is the development of procedures for making multifilamentarywire; success has been achieved in modifying, toward this end,the process developed for producing a multifilamentary tape;in place of powder rolling, which results in a tape, two proce-dures, pressureless sintering and isostatic compaction, havebeen used to prepare a porous niobium matrix in cylindricalform; after infiltration with tin, the cylinders may be subjectedto any of several axially symmetric deformation processes toproduce a multifilamentary wire; the superconducting propertiesof this type of wire are now being evaluated; also new approachbased on the use of precompounded powder.

125. RELATION OF MICROSTRUCTURE $135,000 01-03TO PROPERTIES IN CERAMICSR. M. Fulrath

This program emphasizes the importance of processing in developingspecific properties in ceramic materials used for structural,piezoelectric, ferroelectric, ferromagnetic, and nuclear applica-tions; hot stage scanning electron microscopy is used to studysintering of ceramic and metal powder compacts to develop bettertheories of powder compact densification behavior; compositionand processing control are used to develop specific defectstructures in piezoelectric and ferroelectric ceramics in thelead zirconate titanate system; strength relations to microstruc-ture developed in processing are determined.

LABORATORIES - 44 -


126. COMPOSITE MATERIALS AND THEIR $100,000 01-03ELECTRICAL MAGNETIC AND MECHANICALPROPERTIES

R. H. Bragg

Studies of glassy carbon; kinetic data, believed to be thefirst, of the unit cell dimensions, electrical resistivity,Hall effect and magnetoresistance of heated treated GlassyCarbon were obtained; the properties of hard carbons followa characteristic (T,t) trajectory during heat treatment;this should enable prediction of processing conditions neces-sary to achieve pre-selected physical properties of hardcarbons; the work on the electrical properties ofdirectionally solidified Al-Cu eutectic showed that thesimple rule of mixtures is not reliable as a formula forpredicting the electrical properties of IN SITU compositeseven if separately measured values of the component propertiesare used.

127. MICROSTRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL $150,000 01-03BEHAVIOR OF CERAMIC MATERIALS:GLASS- AND CERAMIC-METAL SYSTEMS

J. A. Pask

A thermodynamic analysis indicates that the change in grainboundary energy has to be taken into account as well as thechange in surface energy in determining the driving forcefor sintering of a single phase material and that themotivation for mass transport is the increase of the dihedralangle formed at grain-grain-vapor contacts toward its equilibriumvalue; it has been shown that atmospheric corrosion enhancessintering by maintaining a small dihedral angle, e.g.,sintering magnesia powder in a flowing water vapor atmosphere;the stress-strain behavior of polycrystalline magnesia specimensfabricated by hot pressing was shown to be dependent primarilyon the character of the grain boundaries as affected by thepowder preparation procedures, the nature of the die, and theambient atmosphere during subsequent annealing.

LABORATORIES - 45 -


128. RESEARCH ON SUPERCONDUCTORS, $160,000 02-02SUPERCONDUCTING DEVICES, ANDNOISE

J. Clarke

A highly reliable dc SQUID magnetometer has been developedusing Nb-NbOX-Pb tunnel junctions; the device has a sensitivityof 10-10 g/Iz at frequencies above 1 Hz, and a long term driftof less than 2 x 10-1° g/hr; the magnetometer is simple to use,and has been successfully used in the Nevada desert to measurefluctuations in the earth's magnetic field; a three-axis versionof the magnetometer is to be used to survey for geothermal andmineral resources; our theory of 1/f noise quantitativelyexplains the noise in thin metal films, superconducting filmsat the transition temperature, and Josephson junctions; therealization that 1/f noise is generated by a thermal mechanismhas already enabled us to design SQUID magnetometers andsuperconducting transition edge bolometers with very low 1/vnoise and drift; a new technique has enabled us to fabricateNb-Nb tunnel junctions; these junctions are the most durableyet developed, and have great promise in device applications.

129. EXPERIMENTAL SOLID STATE $165,000 02-02PHYSICS AND QUANTUM ELECTRONICS

Y. R. Shen

First quantitative measurements on transient self-focusingof light; the results enable us to have a better understandingon the dynamics of self-focusing and will be useful in thedesign of light-power lasers; demonstrated that resonant Ramanscattering can indeed yield detailed information about phononstructure, electronic structure, and electron-phonon inter-action which cannot be obtained otherwise; have succeeded inbuilding cheap light-power N2-lasers which can be used topump tunable dye lasers in a great variety of experiments.

130. FAR INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY $135,000 02-02P. L. Richards

The far infrared cosmic background radiation has been measuredand shown to fit a 2.8 K black body curve; this measurementprovides strong support for "Big Bang" cosmology and limits toa few percent any drift in the value of Planck's constant during99.9% of the life of the universe; the ground state of Mn3+ inA1203 has been measured and interpreted quantitatively; shallowdonors and acceptors in ultrapure germanium have been identifieddown to concentrations of 1 part in 1016.

LABORATORIES - 46 -


131. THEORETICAL SOLID STATE PHYSICS $ 35,000 02-03M. L. Cohen

Research is centered around the electronic structure of solids;the empirical pseudopotential method (EPM) was extended andused to calculate the electronic properties of a variety ofmaterials; bulk properties, surface states, properties ofamorphous materials, chain, layer, ternary and narrow-gapsemiconductors, metals, superconductivity, dielectric functions,and lattice vibrations were characteristic subjects of investi-gation.

132. LOW-TEMPERATURE PROPERTIES $ 95,000 03-01OF MATERIALS

N. E. Phillips

Analysis of the heat capacity data on a-uranium at zero pres-sure has shown that bulk superconducting transitions do occur,although at lower temperatures than indicated by magneticmeasurements; the transitions are broadened and raised intemperature by strains in polycrystalline samples but probablyoccurs near or slightly below 0.1K in a perfect crystal;the results show that the strong pressure dependence of Tcis not associated with pressure dependent spin localizationand are consistent with a BCS mechanism; heat capacity dataon (LaCe) A12 has shown the occurrence of two second ordertransitions corresponding to Tcl and T 2--the transitions intoand out of the superconducting state with decreasing temperature.

133. HIGH PRESSURE CHEMISTRY $ 35,000 03-01G. Jura

Determination of the electrical, magnetic, and energetic changesin a solid that are associated with the change in volume of themetal; the volume changes are obtained by the use of high pres-sures; also, the influence of pressure on the infrared spectraof solids such as alkaline earth carbonates and dichloro andtetrachlorobenzene are studied.

LABORATORIES - 47 -


134. MASS AND CHARGE TRANSPORT IN $ 90,000 03-01ELECTROCHEMICAL SYSTEMS.PROPERTIES OF NONAQUEOUS IONIZINGSYSTEMSC. W. Tobias

Generalized correlation of limiting rates of electrolysismeasured in semi-industrial scale apparatus allows accurateprediction of energy requirements and of distribution ofcurrent in channel-flow type electrode configuration; acomputer implemented procedure has been devised for thesimulation of progressive growth or recession of metallicsurface profiles upon electrolytic deposition of dissolution;gram quantities of potassium metal have been reduced atambient temperature from solutions of KPF6 and KALC14 inpropylene carbonate.

135. CRYSTALLIZATION KINETICS $ 80,000 03-03L. F. Donaghey

Computer simulation studies of physical sputtering show asignificant dependence of yield and angular variation ofsputtered atoms on the interatomic potential function describingthe interaction between target atoms and light sputtering ions;thus, experimental yield data can be used to predict repulsivepotentials; the vaporization and reactive etching rates havebeen determined for (100) GaAs, the surface orientation mostuseful for commercial preparation of photovoltaic and electro-luminescence devices.

136. HIGH TEMPERATURE THERMODYNAMICS $ 60,000 03-03L. Brewer

Theoretical and experimental thermodynamic studies directedtoward the characterization of the high temperature behaviorof all types of materials but with particular attention to thetransition metals and their metallic alloys; models have beendeveloped for the prediction of the high temperature thermo-dynamic properties of metals and their alloys; these modelsare being tested experimentally and are being applied toproblems of development of new types of materials.

LABORATORIES - 48 -


137. NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN $ 70,000 03-03ORDERED MATERIALS

A. Pines

Magnetic shielding of rare nuclear isotopes; new techniques fornmr of ordered materials; study of microscopic structure insolids, liquid crystals and adsorbed phases; modes of molecularreorientational motion and translational diffusion in orderedmaterials; nuclear spin dynamics and decoupling in solids;magnetic effects on reactions.

138. CHEMICAL PROBLEMS IN $ 95,000 03-03NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY

D. -Olander

An important achievement has been the determination, for thefirst time, of the true nature of the primary products of theheterogeneous reaction between hydrogen and graphite; theobservation of the emission of the radicals CH and CH2 from aheated graphite surface bombarded by atomic hydrogen was pos-sible only in a kinetic study utilizing molecular beam methods;in addition, our theoretical work has shown that the redistribu-tion of the heavy metals U and Pu in the steep temperature gradientof a fast reactor fuel pin cannot be ascribed to the commonlyaccepted mechanism of vapor transport by pore migration; othertheoretical studies on the centrifuge method of separatinguranium isotopes have revealed potentially more efficientmethods of cascade design than those which have been employedup to now.

139. ELECTROCHEMISTRY, SOLID-FLUID $135,000 03-03PHASE BOUNDARIES

R. H. Muller

Local reaction rates on extended electrodes have been determinedby interferometry in a systematic study of electrochemical masstransport boundary layers under conditions of forced convection;for the first time, effects of light-deflection in the liquidand reflection from the electrode have been taken into accountin the interpretation of interferograms; the scope of ellipsometryas a tool for in situ observation of surface layers has beenexpanded to include the measurement of mass transfer boundarylayers, that have been neglected in ellipsometry so far.

LABORATORIES - 49 -


140. SOLID STATE AND SURFACE REACTION $180,000 03-03STUDIESG. A. Somorjai

Hydrogen-deuterium exchange reaction on a series of low and highMiller Index platinum single crystals; low energy electrondiffraction studies of the adsorption of ammonia on the iron(110) crystal face showed that during the dissociation adsorptionof the molecule the ordered iron surface becomes completelydisordered; the effect of gold on the reactivity of platinumsurfaces has been studied; naphthalene and ice single crystalswith well-ordered surfaces were grown successfully in the lowenergy electron diffraction chamber; a new rapid and accuratephotographic method has been developed for the measurement ofLEED beam intensities; thorium single crystals have beensuccessfully cleaved and studied by LEED and electron spectroscopy.

LABORATORIES - 50 -

LOS ALAMOS SCIENTIFIC LABORATORYUniversity of CaliforniaP. O. Box 1663Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544Phone: Area Code 505 667-5061

CMB DivisionR. D. Baker - Phone: 667-4563M. G. Bowman - Phone: 667-6014

141. HIGH TEMPERATURE MATERIALSFOR ENERGY APPLICATIONS $180,000 01-02E. K. Storms, S. R. Skaggs

Thermal stability of possible coating materials; boron activityin various transition metal boride systems determined by hightemperature mass spectrometry; data used to obtain phase re-lationships, thermodynamic properties and bond energies; dif-fusion rates of carbon and boron through coatings of variouscarbides and borides measured by mass spectrometry; data beingused to interpret thermionic emission measurements and developa bonding theory based on the Fermi energy.

142. HIGH TEMPERATURE NEUTRONDAMAGE STUDIES $175,000 01-04W. V. Green, D. M. Parkin,W. F. Sommer, M. L. Simmons

The accelerator LAMPF, its beam stop used as a neutron source;spallation evaporation neutrons; elastic and nonelasticprimary recoils computed from nuclear data - cross sectionsand thresholds; fast fission, fission and LAMPF spectraeffects; radiation damage parameters; physical measurementsto verify or deny calculations; radiation hardening; electricalresistivity; electron transmission microscopy; internal fric-tion; radiation creep; instrumented and controlled experimentsin LAMPF.

LABORATORIES - 51 -

LOS ALAMOS SCIENTIFIC LABORATORYCMB Division (Continued)

143. CTR RELATED CHEMICAL RESEARCH - $130,000 03-02TRITIUM CHEMISTRY ASSOCIATEDWITH THE LITHIUM BLANKET ANDCONTAINER MATERIALSJ. L. Anderson, R. M. Alire,D.H.W. Carstens

Simultaneous measurement of diffusion coefficient and solubilityof H2 in Li and its containers Nb and Nb-l%Zr; development of adiffusion model based on the combined radial and axial diffusionof H2 into a solid cylinder to determine the solubilities anddiffusion coefficients and testing of model by least-squaresfitting of experimental data to the model; preliminary studiescover temperature range 1073 - 1373 K and pressure range 0.13to 1330 Pa; extraction of tritium from molten Li using lowmelting eutectics containing Y, La and Ce; early emphasis on84 a/o La-16 a/o Ni (mp %783 K) eutectic; temperature coefficientfor the liquid-liquid extraction and Pressure-Composition-Temperature diagram for the appropriate metal-hydrogen systemsunder investigation; other eutectics under investigation include84 a/o Ce-16 a/o Co, 82 a/o Ce-18 a/o Ni, 88 a/o Ce-12 a/o Fe,and 69 a/o Y-31 a/o Co.

LABORATORIES - 52 -

MOUND LABORATORYMonsanto Research CorporationP. O. Box 32Miamisburg, Ohio 45342L. J. Wittenberg - Phone: Area Code 513 866-7444 x3571

144. LIQUID ACTINIDE METALS RESEARCH $110,000 01-03

L. J. Wittenberg, C. R. Hudgens

Viscosity studies of liquid actinide metals, U, Th; applicability

of hard sphere model to describe the physical properties of alkali

halide fused salts; electrotransport of tritium in liquid Li;

structural studies of liquid Hg with theta-theta x-ray dif-

fractometer.

LABORATORIES - 53 -

PACIFIC NORTHWEST LABORATORYP. 0. Box 999Richland, Washington 99352Phone: Area Code 509 942-7411

145. TRANSURANIUM CERAMICS RESEARCH $ 90,000 01-01T. D. Chikalla, R. P. Turcotte

Thermochemical and structural behavior in transuranium oxides;self irradiation damage in PuO2; use of alpha emitters to studyradiation damage and gas implantation; 2 49 CfOx; 2 4 9 (Bk, Cf)Ox;2 3 9PuO2;

2 4 4CmOx; x-ray diffraction; helium release studies.

146. TRANSURANIUM PHYSICAL METALLURGY $210,000 01-03R. D. Nelson, S. D. Dahlgren,M. D. Merz, R. P. Allen

Phase transformations in Pu; deformation processes in fine grainedalpha Pu, coarse grained alpha Pu and sputter deposited Pu; creepof Pu allotropes; physical metallurgy of Np; self irradiationdamage in Pu and Np metal.

147. SPUTTER-DEPOSITED $100,000 01-03SUPERCONDUCTOR RESEARCHR. D. Nelson, S. D. Dahlgren

Study of sputter-deposited superconductors; cathodic sputtering;synthesis of new superconducting materials; relation of.sputter-deposition parameters to properties; structure and stability ofsputter deposits; high-field A-15 compounds; Nb3Al, Nb3(Al-Ge),Nb3Ge, Nb3Sn, Nb3Gd, Nb3Si.

148. RADIATION EFFECTS ON METALS $325,000 01-04J. L. Brimhall, H. E. Kissinger,E. Simonen

Production, migration and annihilation or coalescence ofirradiation produced defects; effect of helium on void nucleationin Mo and V; theoretical analysis of void coarsening behaviorand void surface kinetics; analysis of Stage III annealingbehavior in irradiated Mo; comparison of 14 MeV neutron damageto fission neutron damage; role of substructure in high temperatureion irradiation damage.

SECTION B

Universities

The information was taken from current 200-Word Summaries providedby the contractor. There is considerable (about 10%) turnover inthe University program and some of the projects will be not continuedbeyond the current contract period.

UNIVERSITIES - 56 -

ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY

201. SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY OF RARE $ 95,000 03-01EARTH OXIDESL. Eyring - Dept. of Chemistry

The structure of rare earth oxides, with emphasis on the roleof defects imposed on the solid through chemical change; x-rayand neutron diffraction, and especially high resolution electronoptical methods for the structural analysis of oxide phases ofnarrow composition range; study of order-disorder transformationsto yield wide-range nonstoichiometric phases having compositions

Rn02n-2(4 < n < -).

202. STUDY OF FERRITE FORMATION IN $ 53,578 01-04NEUTRON IRRADIATED AUSTENITICSTAINLESS STEELSJ. T. Stanley - Engineering Mechanics,Materials & Measurements Dept.

Ferrite formation in 316 and 321 stainless steel under irradiation;magnetization measurements; fluences up to 3.5 x 1022 neutrons/cm2;proton irradiations also; electron microscopy; effects of heattreatment, temperature and composition.

BROWN UNIVERSITY

203. A COMBINED MACROSCOPIC AND $ 80,000 01-02MICROSCOPIC APPROACH TO THEFRACTURE OF METALSJ. Gurland and J. R. Rice -Division of Engineering

Analytical and experimental investigations of yield and flowbehavior in carbide-strengthened steels, boundary and particleeffects on strengthening and crack initiation and growth,and diffusive mechanisms in high temperature creep and rupture;finite element analysis, mechanical testing, and quantitativemetallography utilized.

CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

204. STUDIES OF ALLOY STRUCTURES $178,025 01-01AND PROPERTIES

P. Duwez - Division of Engineering

Structure and properties of metastable alloys obtained by quenchingfrom the melt; methods of preparation and properties of new super-conducting alloys; study of amorhpous Cu-Pd-P alloys; magneticsusceptibility; magneto-resistance; crystallization of amorphousalloys; properties of Cu-base superconductors containing V and Ga;properties of metastable superconductors in the binary systemsNb-Ir, Ta-Ir, Ta-Rh.

UNIVERSITIES - 57 -

CALIFORNIA, UNIVERSITY OF

205. HIGH TEMPERATURE IRRADIATION $ 69,000 01-02DAMAGE AND PRECIPITATION HARDENINGIN Ni-BASE ALLOYSA. J. Ardell - Materials Department,Los Angeles

Effects of solute additions on irradiation induced defect forma-tion at elevated temperatures in Ni-base alloys; precipitationhardening in concentrated Ni-base alloys containing high volumefractions of gamma prime precipitate; irradiations with 0.4 or2 MeV protons to doses up-to 10 dpa in the temperature range300-600°C; transmission electron microscopy; CRSS measured asa function of gamma prime particle size and test temperaturefor Ni-Si alloys.

206. FOURIER SPACE COMPUTER SIMULA- $ 35,000 01-01TION OF CRYSTALLINE IMPERFECTIONS

D. de Fontaine - Materials Dept.,Los Angeles

Theoretical studies in three areas using Fourier (lattice wave)methods: lattice and continuum computations of elastic energiesof crystal defects, vacancy kinetics in irradiated materials,and ordering and clustering in alloys; computer algorithmsdeveloped for calculating defect-induced lattice distortions,based on continuum elasticity (force constant) representations.

207. ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES $ 64,982 02-02OF TRANSITION METALS AND THEIRCOMPOUNDS V

A. W. Lawson and G. E. Everett -Dept. of Physics, Riverside

Investigation of higher order critical transitions between thevarious magnetic phases of EuSe and DySb; phase boundaries asa function of internal field and temperature; single crystalspheres; effect of uniaxial stress on the transitions; effectof N and O on the metamagnetic properties of GdN.

208. THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF SUPER- $ 77,000 02-03CONDUCTOR BEHAVIOR

E. Simanek - Dept. of Physics,Riverside

Theoretical study of the dynamics of the order-parameter fluctua-tions in superconductors in the-vicinity of the transition point;interpretation of fluctuation induced Josephson current; calcula-tions of fluctuations of order-parameter phase in charged super-fluid; a new model involving order parameter-density coupling.

UNIVERSITIES - 58 -

CALIFORNIA, UNIVERSITY OF (Continued)

209. THE RESPONSE OF SUPERCONDUCTORS $115,000 02-02TO VARIATIONS IN IMPURITY CON-TENT AND APPLIED PRESSURE

H. Suhl and M. B. Maple -Dept. of Physics, San Diego

Changes in superconducting properties in the presence of magneticand nonmagnetic impurities; effect of pressure on the supercon-ducting properties of the soft superconductors Al, Cd, Zn andthe lamellar graphitic compounds; systematic study of various 3d,4d and 5d transition metals on the superconducting properties ofthe A-15 compounds; Superconducting-Kondo systems with multipletransition temperatures; superconductors containing rare earthimpurities with crystal-field split energy levels.

210. RESEARCH ON THE PROPERTIES OF $209,987 02-02MATERIALS AT VERY LOW TEMPERA-TURESJ. C. Wheatley - Dept. of Physics, vSan Diego

Properties of superfluid 3He at millidegree temperatures; super-fluid density and static nuclear magnetism; effect of boundinggeometry on the specific heat; dynamic magnetism to allowdetailed study of the coherent dipolar energy; phase diagramnear the polycritical point via the use of zero sound.

CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIVERSITY

211. GENERALIZATION OF INTERNAL $ 33,000 01-01CENTRIFUGAL ZONE GROWTH OFMETAL-CERAMIC COMPOSITES

R. F. Sekerka - Dept. ofMetallurgy & Materials Science

Investigation of the internal centrifugal zone growth (ICZG)crystal growing process for refractory metals, compounds andcomposites; theoretical modeling of the directional solidifica-tion, crucible-less process to determine parameter sensitivityincluding growth rate, power input and material conductivity;experimental research to confirm models.

UNIVERSITIES - 59 -

CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY

212. DISLOCATION-SOLUTE ATOM INTER- $ 45,500 01-02ACTIONS IN ALLOYS

R. Gibala - Dept. of Metallurgyand Materials Science

Experimental study of interstitial solute effects in refractorymetals, primarily Nb, at and below room temperature; effect ofmacroscopic gradients on yielding, solute-solute clustering and/or partitioning to defects; hydrogen embrittlement; mechanicaltesting; internal friction; electrical resistivity.

213. EXPERIMENTS IN HIGH VOLTAGE $ 60,463 01-04ELECTRON MICROSCOPYT. E. Mitchell - Division ofMetallurgy and Materials Science

High voltage (650 kv) electron microscopy of in-situ radiationdamage; effects of surfaces, temperature, electron flux, anddislocation density on void formation in Cu, Ni, V and stainlesssteels; radiation enhanced precipitation in Al-Cu, Al-Si alloysand stainless steels; displacement damage in SiO2 and fluoritestructure oxides.

214. ELASTIC AND PLASTIC STRAINS AND $ 39,500 01-02THE STRESS CORROSION CRACKINGOF AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEELSA. R. Troiano - Division ofMetallurgy and Materials Science

Stress corrosion cracking of steels and nickel alloys in aqueouschloride environments; threshold stress, failure time, andcritical potentials for cracking and pitting related to priorplastic strain (microstructural effects) and residual elasticstrain (stress effects); hydrogen permeability measurements.

CHICAGO, UNIVERSITY OF

215. THE STUDY OF PHONONS AND $ 45,000 02-02ELECTRONIC PROCESSES INAMORPHOUS AND CRYSTALLINE SOLIDSS. A. Solin - Dept. of Physics

Optical studies of the Mott Transition in the temperature range10-2000°K, using laser Raman (2p) spectroscopy; the effects ofuniaxial stress on electronic Raman spectra of Ge(As); Brillouinscattering experiments on opaque amorphous and crystalline solids,e.g. boron nitride; spectroscopic studies of amorphous diamond,and determination of microstructural properties of metastablelow viscosity liquid state of P205 and of amorphous As203 in thebulk and in thin films.

UNIVERSITIES - 60 -

CINCINNATI, UNIVERSITY OF

216. RADIATION EFFECTS TO BCC $ 45,000 01-04REFRACTORY METALS AND ALLOYSJ. Moteff - Dept. of MaterialsScience & Metallurgical Engineering

Experimental investigation of radiation effects in refractorymetal alloys exposed to \1022 n/cm2(E > 1 MeV) and heavy ionirradiation; changes in microstructure, swelling, void numberdensity and void size distribution; hardness, elevated tempera-ture strength; Mo, Mo - 0.5 Ti, Nb, Nb-lZr and W-25 Re.

CLARKSON COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY

217. NUCLEATION OF VOIDS $ 21,708 01-04J. L. Katz - Dept. ofChemical Engineering

Theory of irradiation effects in metals; primarily void nuclea-tion and other defect precipitates such as interstitial loops;nucleating effects of stress, inert gases such as He, and gaseswhich can undergo simultaneous chemical reaction such as dis-solved atomic hydrogen combining to form molecular hydrogen.

COLORADO SCHOOL OF MINES

218. LIQUID LITHIUM CORROSION AND $ 42,000 01-01CORROSION-FATIGUE RESEARCHD. L. Olson and W. L. Bradley -Dept. of Metallurgical Engineering

Penetration and weight loss experiments under controlled condi-tions of lithium and ferrous compositions, stress, temperatureand time; role of N and Cr in liquid lithium corrosion offerrous alloys; grain boundary grooving of Fe and Fe-Cr alloys;rate controlling mechanisms associated with liquid lithium cor-rosion.

COLORADO, UNIVERSITY OF

219. CRITICAL SCATTERING OF LASER $ 50,575 02-02LIGHT BY BULK FLUIDS AND THINFLUID FILMSR. Mockler and W. O'Sullivan -Dept. of Physics and Astrophysics

Study of the anomalous index of refraction in a critical binarymixture; studies in thin critical fluid films to determine if2-dimensional critical behavior is manifested; intensity auto-correlation studies of light scattered from Brownian particles.

UNIVERSITIES - 61 -

COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY

220. HIGH TEMPERATURE TRANSPORT $ 32,000 03-02PROPERTIES AND PROCESSES OFGASES AND ALKALI METALSC. F. Bonilla - Dept. ofChemical Engineering

Measurements of liquid compressibility and of vapor pressure ofcesium, sodium and lithium to the critical point; studies ofcavitation in sodium flow in LMFBR components.

CONNECTICUT, UNIVERSITY OF

221. ELECTRON-DISLOCATION INTERACTIONS $ 40,000 01-02AT LOW TEMPERATURES

J. M. Galligan - Dept. ofMetallurgy

Electron drag effects on dislocations; plastic behavior of puremetals and alloys in the vicinity of their superconductingtransition temperatures; dislocation-flux line lattice inter-actions in Type II superconductors; Pb, Pb-Sn, Pb-Bi, Pb-Inalloys and Nb.

222. CLUSTER CARBURIZING $ 39,607 01-01J. E. Morral - Dept. ofMetallurgy and Institute ofMaterials Science

Study of the carburizing process; rate of carbon absorption bya Ta-27%Hf alloy; cluster carburizing concept.

CORNELL UNIVERSITY

223. STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF $ 75,000 01-01GRAIN BOUNDARIES

R. W. Balluffi - Dept. ofMaterials Science and Engineering

High resolution electron microscopy methods of investigatingstructure in specimens containing grain boundaries of controlledgeometry; fine structure of high angle grain boundaries in Au;diffusion along high angle grain boundaries and along disloca-tions in low angle boundaries; solute atom segregation at grainboundaries; relative energies of grain boundaries.

UNIVERSITIES - 62 -

CORNELL UNIVERSITY (Continued)

224. REDUCTION OF MIXED SPINEL OXIDE $ 40,650 01-01L. C. DeJonghe - Dept. ofMaterials Science and Engineering

Microstructural changes and reduction kinetics of oxide spinelsby hydrogen; Fe3 04, CoFe204, and NiFe204; effects of MgO andA1203 substitutions; transmission electron microscopy andthermogravimetric analysis.

225. ENVIRONMENT AND FRACTURE $ 59,000 01-02H. H. Johnson - Dept. ofMaterials Sciences and Engineering

Hydrogen trapping in Fe; precise permeation measurements;transmission electron microscopy studies of annealed Fe tocorrelate trapping parameters with dislocation structure;comparative study of H and D permeation in Ni; techniques forstudying H in Nb.

226. THEORY OF STRUCTURE AND $ 73,498 02-03DYNAMICS IN CONDENSED MATTER

J. A. Krumhansl - Dept. of Physics, ;Laboratory of Atomic and SolidState Physics

Dynamics of structural phase transitions; ferroelectricity; phaseinstabilities in metallic alloys; structural instabilities in(pseudo) one-dimensional systems; disordered systems; engineeringproperties of polycrystalline and composite media; theoreticalstudies on disordered systems.

227. MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF MATERIALS $ 70,000 01-02AND STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS ATELEVATED TEMPERATURESR. H. Lance - Dept. of Theoreticaland Applied Mechanics

Mechanical equation of state incorporating a single statevariable, hardness; mechanical behavior of structural elementssuch as beams, plates, thick- and thin-walled cylinders undertypical load, histories at elevated temperature; data fromsimple relaxation tests on 1100 Al and stainless steel;experiments will be performed on small-scale structural membersat room and elevated temperatures to establish the accuracy ofanalytical predictions for steady, slowly varying and rapidlyvarying loads.

UNIVERSITIES - 63 -

CORNELL UNIVERSITY (Continued)

228. GRAIN BOUNDARY SLIDING $ 60,000 01-02AND STRUCTURE

Che-Yu Li - Dept. ofMaterials Science and Engineering

Grain boundary sliding and its dependence on microstructurestudied from the viewpoint of plastic equation of state; loadrelaxation experiments; experimental results yield constanthardness stress-strain rate relations based on which thecontribution of grain boundary sliding can be evaluated;Pb, 1100 Al, 316 stainless steel.

229. EXPERIMENTAL PHONON PHYSICS $138,009 02-02R. O. Pohl and A. J. Sievers -Dept. of Physics, Laboratory ofAtomic and Solid State Physics

Lattice dynamics of noncrystalline solids and of compressed andsintered materials; far infrared properties of Bi, metalparticles and plastically deformed CdS; dilution refrigeratorcooled bolometer detector and far infrared laser source.

230. ELASTIC AND PLASTIC DEFORMATION $120,000 01-02OF SOLIDSA. L. Ruoff - Dept. of MaterialsScience and Engineering

Behavior of solids at high pressures; yield strength of K as afunction of pressure; first and second pressure derivatives ofbulk modulus measured ultrasonically; high pressure densificationof fine grain carbides; dielectric constant measurement;CsBr, NaC1, LiF.

231. DEFECTS IN METAL CRYSTALS $160,163 01-04D. N. Seidman - Dept. ofMaterials Science and Engineering

Field ion microscopy of crystal defects in metal crystals;properties of self-interstitial atoms; interaction of soluteatoms with self-interstitial atoms; non-equilibrium segregationof solute atoms to voids; range of focusing collision sequences;migration energies; binding energies; in-situ FIM study ofirradiated W; atom-probe RIM study of irradiated Mo voids;structure of displacement cascades; construction of a PoschenreiderIsochronous Lens for the atom-probe FIM.

UNIVERSITIES - 64 -

DARTMOUTH COLLEGE

232. THEORY OF ELECTRON-PHONON $ 22,723 02-03SCATTERING EFFECTS IN METALSW. E. Lawrence - Dept. of I/Physics and Astronomy

Diffusion model for theoretical calculations; applications todetailed studies of electrical conductivity and associatedanisotropic relaxation times in the noble and polyvalent metals;extend diffusion model to thermal transport and magneto-resistivity problems; role of Fermi surface in determiningthe relaxation-time anisotropies; studies of the mass enhancementand superconducting gap anisotropies.

233. EXPERIMENTAL DETERMINATION OF $ 27,781 02-02THE TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE OFMETALLIC WORK FUNCTIONS AT LOWTEMPERATURES -"P. B. Pipes - Dept. of Physicsand Astronomy

Temperature dependence of metallic work functions; effect oftemperature and surface condition; Nb, Cu, Au, Ag, Al, Zn, Pb;effect of thermal gradients on superconducting materials;contribution of chemical potential and surface dipole layer tothe electronic work function; absolute thermopower for non-superconducting samples.

FLORIDA, UNIVERSITY OF

234. QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF SOLUTE $ 37,000 01-01SEGREGATION IN ALLOYS BYTRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPYJ. J. Hren and C. S. Hartley -Dept. of Metallurgical andMaterials Engineering

Image matching methods to interpret electron microscope imagesof defects and defect/solute interactions; computer aided imagesimulation methods; numerical solutions to the anisotropic dis-placement fields of interacting defects; application tonucleation of precipitates in Al-Cu and Si alloys.

UNIVERSITIES - 65 -

FLORIDA, UNIVERSITY OF (Continued)

235. DEFORMATION PROCESSES IN $ 36,860 01-02REFRACTORY METALSR. E. Reed-Hill - Dept. ofMaterials Science and Engineering

Deformation twinning and dynamic strain aging; kinetics ofdislocation-interstitial atom reactions in prestrained niobium-oxygen alloys aged under constant stress, at temperatures nearthe oxygen work hardening peak; ductile-brittle-ductile fracturetransition in Nb due to O; stress relaxation, tension, and returnof yield point measurements; optical, scanning electron andtransmission electron microscopy; internal friction to evaluateinterstitial elements concentration.

GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY

236. THE STUDY OF VERY PURE METALS $ 39,000 02-02AT LOW TEMPERATURESW. D. Gregory - Dept. of Physics

Low Temperature properties of pure single crystals; electricalconductivity, boundary scattering, superconductive tunneling,specific heat; Ge, In, Al, Zn, and TCNQ; the effects ofexternal energy input such as optical radiation on the super-conducting state.

HAWAII, UNIVERSITY OF

237. PRESSURE DERIVATIVES OF ELASTIC $ 35,950 02-02MODULI IN BCC TRANSITION METALSAND THEIR SOLID SOLUTIONSM. H. Manghnani - Dept. of lGeology and Geophysics

Pressure dependence of the single crystal elastic moduli of thepure bcc transition metals., V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W; hydrostaticpressures up to 5 kbar; ultrasonic technique; lattice parametermeasurements up to 100 kbar and 1000°C using diamond-anvil technique.

UNIVERSITIES - 66 -

HAWAII, UNIVERSITY OF (Continued)

238. PHOTOELECTRIC EMISSION FROM THIN $ 28,131 02-02FILMS IN THE VACUUM ULTRAVIOLETREGIONW. Pong - Dept. of Physicsand Astronomy

Optical and electron emission from solid surfaces and thinfilms under dispersed ultraviolet excitation of photon energies7-27 eV; measurements of quantum yield, fluorescence, andenergy distributions of photoelectrons; alkali halides,lanthanum halides, SiO2, and thin films of adenine and cytosine;effects of elevated temperature on emission from surfaces andthin films.

HOWARD UNIVERSITY

239. RADIATION DAMAGE IN OPTICALLY $ 17,196 02-04TRANSPARENT MATERIALS (ZIRCONS)A. N. Thorpe - Dept. of Physics

Effects of natural alpha particle recoil, external gamma irradiationand neutron induced fission on the visible and infrared absorptionspectrum; low temperature magnetic properties; electron spinresonance, and thermoluminescence of natural and syntheticzircon crystals.

ILLINOIS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

240. THERMAL MEASUREMENTS ON SOLIDS $105,000 02-02AT LOW TEMPERATURESH. Weinstock - Dept. of Physics

Low temperature thermal conductivity to study defects producedin deformed MgO, neutron irradiated V; Cu-Cr Kondo alloys;thermal conductivity of fast neutron irradiated CaO, A1203,Cu, Al; Pb-Tl-Li superconducting alloys; changes in H vs. Jcfor Nb3Sn irradiated at low temperatures.

KANSAS, UNIVERSITY OF

241. HIGH TEMPERATURE CHEMISTRY $ 75,000 03-03P. W. Gilles - Dept. of Chemistry

Vaporization studies on refractory binary and ternary systems ofoxides and sulfides; Knudsen effusion, torsion effusion and massspectrometric techniques; effect of the degree of saturation onthe rate of vaporization of single crystals.

UNIVERSITIES - 67 -

LEHIGH UNIVERSITY

242. PRESSURE SINTERING AND CREEP $ 40,500 01-01DEFORMATION - A JOINT MODELINGAPPROACH

M. R. Notis - Dept. of Metallurgyand Materials Science

Correlation of the kinetics of later stages of densification bypressure sintering and creep deformation; CoO and MgA1204; effectsof stress, temperature, microstructure, and stoichiometry;quantitative relationships via "deformation maps."

MARQUETTE UNIVERSITY

243. DEFECT STRUCTURES IN $ 39,853 01-01NONSTOICHIOMETRIC OXIDES

R. N. Blumenthal - Dept. ofMechanical Engineering

Defect structure and electrical transport properties of pureand doped nonstoichiometric oxides; electrical conductivity,transference numbers, and thermogravimetric techniques; effectsof temperature, oxygen pressure, dopant valence and concentration;CeO2 doped with SrO, Y 203 , La203 , and ThO 2 .

MARYLAND, UNIVERSITY OF

244. AN INVESTIGATION OF IRRADIATION $ 46,000 01-02STRENGTHENING OF BCC METALS ANDSOLID SOLUTIONS

R. J. Arsenault - Dept. ofChemical Engineering

Mechanism of irradiation strengthening of BCC metals and theirsolid solution alloys; effect of impurity interstitials 0, C, N, Hon the change in effective stress due to neutron irradiation;effect of low temperature (770K) neutron irradiations on thedeformation characteristics of high purity Nb; effect of He onthe dislocation kinetics in BCC metals; studies of V also.

245. ALLOY STRENGTHENING DUE TO $ 19,397 01-02ATOMIC ORDERM. J. Marcinkowski - Dept. ofMechanical Engineering

Behavior of non-coaxial elliptically shaped dislocation loops withrespect to their locking and cross slip behavior; work hardeningbehavior of pure metals and alloys; calculations done numericallywith the aid of a digital computer; effect of atomic ordering onmechanical behavior - atomic ordering gives rise to extended orcoupled dislocations which greatly restricts their motion.

UNIVERSITIES - 68 -

MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

246. THERMAL NEUTRON SCATTERING STUDIES $ 79,900 02-01OF MOLECULAR DYNAMICS AND CRITICALPHENOMENA IN FLUIDS AND SOLIDS

S. H. Chen and-S. Yip - Dept. ofNuclear Engineering

Triple axis neutron spectrometry used to study density dependenceof self diffusion in gas and gas mixtures; methane and methane inargon; coherent scattering from nitrogen to observe. Brillouin-like scattering of neutrons at high pressures; laser lightscattering from Xe-He mixtures; computer simulation.

247. THE LUMINESCENCE PROCESS AND NEW $ 51,131 03-03AND NOVEL ELECTRONIC STATES -SCANNING CHEMICAL REACTIONS ANDNOVEL PRODUCTS FOR LASER INDUCEDISOTOPE SEPARATIONJ. L. Gole - Dept. of Chemistry

Study of the formation and structure of metal aggregates andother high temperature species; laser-induced fluorescence andchemiluminescence techniques for study of electronically excitedstates of matter.

248. BASIC RESEARCH IN CRYSTALLINE AND $335,000 01-01NONCRYSTALLINE CERAMIC SYSTEMSW. D. Kingery and R. L. Coble -Dept. of Metallurgy andMaterials Science

Band gap measurements in oxides at high temperatures; electricalconductivity of doped UO2; irradiation enhanced sintering;transient and quasi-steady state diffusion controlled finalstage sintering; microstructure effects on polycrystalline A1203properties; ion distribution in solid-state electrolytes; selfdiffusion in A1203; defect equilibration kinetics in CoO;chemical transport at grain boundaries; grain boundary effects,properties, defects and solute atom distributions in MgO modelsystem; application of optical techniques to defect interactionand ceramic processes; preparation of pure powders; hightemperature transmission electron microscopy.

UNIVERSITIES - 69 -

MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

249. LOW TEMPERATURE AND NEUTRON PHYSICS $111,274 02-01STUDIESC. G. Shull - Dept. of Physics I'

Diamagnetic scattering of polarized neutrons by crystals of Biand Cu; spatial distribution of the diamagnetization densityand de Haas-van Alphen oscillatory magnetization; phononinstabilities; coexistence of superconductivity and ferromagnetism.

MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY

250. AN INVESTIGATION OF SOME $ 28,600 03-03LANTHANIDE CARBON, NITROGEN,CHALCOGEN, AND HALOGAN SYSTEMSAT ELEVATED TEMPERATURESH. A. Eick - Dept. of Chemistry

Synthesis and determination of structural parameters of lanthanidebinary and ternary refractories; measurement of vapor pressures byKnudsen and mass spectrometry; correlation of structural andthermodynamic results.

251. PROPERTIES OF RARE GAS SOLIDS $ 99,607 02-02G. L. Pollack - Dept. of Physics M

Thermal conductivity of solid Ar; effects of dislocations andother defects on thermal conductivity; also N2, Kr, 02, Xecrystals; interaction of biological materials with rare gases.

MICHIGAN TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

252. A STUDY OF GRAIN BOUNDARY $ 50,000 01-02SEGREGATION USING THE AUGERELECTRON EMISSION TECHNIQUED. F. Stein and L. A. Heldt -Dept. of Metallurgical Engineering

Auger electron spectroscopy to study segregation to grain boundaries;embrittlement in Ni, Ni-Al, and Ni-Al-Ti alloys by sulfur; stresscorrosion cracking in brass; sensitization of stainless steel;hydrogen embrittlement in Cu.

UNIVERSITIES - 70 -

MINNESOTA, UNIVERSITY OF

253. ANALYSIS OF THE DUCTILE-BRITTLE $ 39,000 01-02TRANSITION TEMPERATURE IN FE-BINARY ALLOYSW. W. Gerberich - Dept. ofChemical Engineering andMaterials Science

Flow and fracture characteristics in binary alloys of Fe; crackgrowth mechanisms in high strength steel and Ni-base alloys;effect of cohesive energy, strain-rate sensitivity, solid-solution strengthening, solute softening and plastic constrainton the ductile-brittle transition; change-of-strain rate, stress-relaxation, acoustic emission measurements; microscopic crackgrowth measurements via scanning microscopy and acoustic techniques;initiation and propagation stages of cathodic or gaseous H inducedslow crack growth in steels.

254. EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS IN $168,460 02-02SOLID STATE AND LOW TEMPERATUREPHYSICS

A. M. Goldman, W. V. Weyhmann, vW. Zimmermann, Jr. - Dept. ofPhysics

Fluctuations occurring in the vicinity of the superconducting-to-normal transition; tricritical point in superconductingfilms; granular superconductive materials in a photoconductivematrix; low temperature macroscopic and local magnetizationsof dilute magnetic ions in Cu, Ag, Au; very low temperaturemagnetization and heat capacity techniques to study nuclear coolingand nuclear ordering of rare-earth singlet-ground-state systemssuch as PrCu6 and PrIn3 at temperatures of a few millikelvins;critical behavior of 3He/4He mixtures near the lambda line andtricritical point; superfluid hydrodynamics.

255. "IN-SITU" ELECTRON MICROSCOPE $ 41,030 01-01INVESTIGATION OF THE NUCLEATIONAND GROWTH OF SPUTTERED THIN FILMS

T. E. Hutchinson - Dept. of ChemicalEngineering and Materials Science

Nucleation and growth kinetics of vacuum deposited thin films;ultrahigh vacuum "in-situ" electron microscopy; Au on Si, CdS on Si;effects of substrate, temperature, deposition rate, pressure,and residual gases.

UNIVERSITIES - 71 -

NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCESNATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL

256. CONTINGENCY PLANS FOR $ 50,000 01-01CHROMIUM UTILIZATIONC. W. Spencer - NationalMaterials Advisory Board

Study to be done in cooperation with other Federal agencies andfor Cr utilization throughout the economy.

NEW YORK, STATE UNIVERSITY OF

257. SLIP INITIATION AND MICRO- $ 50,000 01-02DYNAMICS OF PLASTIC FLOWJ. C. Bilello - Dept. ofMaterials Science

Cleavage surface energy measurements on W and Mo; theoreticalwork to consider cleavage of ionically bonded solids; ultrasonicattenuation and microplasticity observations to clafify the roleof dislocation structure, impurities, phonons, electrons, andsolutes on dislocation source generation and mobility; etch pittechniques.

258. PREPARATION, CHARACTERIZATION $ 55,000 01-01AND USE OF METAL HYDRIDES FORFUEL SYSTEMSP. J. Herley and C. M. Preece -Dept. of Materials Science

Synthesis, decomposition kinetics and the interaction with con-tainer materials of the hydrides of various aluminum alloys;synthesize high purity Li, Na, and Mg alanates; hot filamentatomic hydrogen charging technique; role of surface film ininhibiting embrittlement.

NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY

259. SORPTION OF CESIUM BY GRAPHITES $ 44,811 03-03AT HIGH TEMPERATURESL. Zumwalt - Dept. of NuclearEngineering

Quantitative thermodynamic aspects of the sorption behavior ofvolatile fission product metals in nuclear grade graphite; cesiumsorption isotherms on strontium-impregnated graphite at a seriesof concentrations from 0 to 1 monolayer Sr, in the temperaturerange 750 to 11000C and at Cs equilibrium vapor pressures rangingfrom 10-9 to 10-4 atmospheres.

UNIVERSITIES - 72 -

NORTH CAROLINA, UNIVERSITY OF

260. INVESTIGATION OF DEFECT $ 39,500 02-02STRUCTURES BY ELECTRIC POLORIZA-TION AND RELAXATION METHODS /J. H. Crawford, Jr. -Dept. of Physics

Use of ionic thermocurrent techniques in studying the structureand reorientation mechanism of nearest neighbor and next nearestneighbor trivalent metal ion-interstitial anion complexes inalkaline earth fluorides; rare earth-interstitial F- and H-complexes; kinetics of complex formation; electron paramagneticresonance and infrared spectroscopy.

NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY

261. EFFECT OF POINT DEFECTS ON $ 49,000 01-04MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF METALSM. Meshii - Dept. of MaterialsScience

Effect of point defects on the mechanical behavior of metallicsingle crystals; interstitial atoms produced by 1-2 MeV electronirradiation; diffusion annealing and quenching; interactionbetween dislocations and point defects; effect of defects on Nband Fe strength, yielding, and stress-strain curves.

262. BASIC RESEARCH ON CERAMIC $ 65,000 01-01MATERIALS FOR ENERGY STORAGEAND CONVERSION SYSTEMSD. H. Whitmore - Dept. ofMaterials Science and Engineering

Fast ion transport in oxides; single and polycrystalline materials;single crystal growth; a.c. conductivity, tracer diffusion,dielectric loss, laser Raman spectroscopy, and nuclear magneticresonance.

OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY

263. FUNDAMENTAL STUDIES OF METAL $ 48,000 01-03FLUORINATION REACTIONSR. A. Rapp - Dept. ofMetallurgical Engineering

Provide information and understanding of the reactions betweenfluorine and metals; diffusivity and solubility of fluorine innickel; fluorine pressure dependence of electrical conductivityand stoichiometry of fluorine compounds; CaF2 solid electrolytefor fluorine ion transport; effect of oxygen contamination.

UNIVERSITIES - 73 -

OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY (Continued)

264. CORROSION, STRESS CORROSION $ 50,000 01-01CRACKING, AND ELECTROCHEMISTRYOF THE IRON AND NICKEL BASEALLOYS IN CAUSTIC ENVIRONMENTSR. W. Staehle and A. K. Agrawal -Dept. of Metallurgical Engineering

Corrosion study of Fe, Ni, Cr and Mo alloys in caustic environments;both aqueous solutions and anhydrous fused melts between roomtemperature and 800°C; rate laws and kinetic models; generalcorrosion and stress corrosion cracking; effectiveness of in-organic inhibitors.

OKLAHOMA STATE UNIVERSITY

265. ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE OF DEFECTS $ 21,625 02-02IN OXIDESG. P. Summers - Dept. of Physics

Electronic structure of F+ and F centers in single crystal CaO,SrO, ZnO and A1203 ; photoconductivity, optical absorption andemission; mechanism of photoconductivity; defect production byelectron and proton irradiation.

PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY

266. CERAMIC RESEARCH $ 32,642 01-02R. C. Bradt and J. H. Hoke -Dept. of Materials Science

Transformational superplasticity in Bi203, Bi203-Sm203, and Bi203 -WO3,effect of stoichiometry on elastic properties and fracture inTiO2_x and Fe-xO.

267. STUDIES OF MECHANICAL PROPERTIES $ 39,200 01-04AND IRRADIATION DAMAGE NUCLEATIONOF HTGR GRAPHITESP. A. Thrower - Dept. ofMaterials Science

Radiation damage nucleation in graphite irradiated at elevatedtemperatures; electron microscopy of single crystals with andwithout boron; effects of stress on corrosion of graphite bygaseous H20 and Co; effects of temperature, stress and partialpressures; kinetics and effects on compressive strength.

UNIVERSITIES - 74 -

PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY (Continued)

268. STRUCTURE OF GLASSES CONTAINING $ 40,000 01-01TRANSITION METAL IONSW. B. White - Dept. of Geochemistry

Structure and stability of insulator glasses with transitionmetal oxide additives; silicate, borosilicate, germanate andphosphate glasses; Cr, Mn, Ni, and Fe oxide additions; effectof oxygen pressure, time, temperature; laser Raman spectroscopy,optical absorption, luminescence, x-ray diffraction, electronmicroscopy.

PENNSYLVANIA, UNIVERSITY OF

269. DISLOCATION MOBILITIES IN $ 43,000 01-02ORDERED ALLOYSD. P. Pope - Dept. of Metallurgyand Materials Science

Mechanism of yield strength increase with temperature for orderedalloys; dislocation velocity, yield stress and work hardeningmeasurements; single crystal Cu3Au and Ni3(Al,W).

PITTSBURGH, UNIVERSITY OF

270. THERMAL, STRUCTURAL AND MAGNETIC $ 98,000 02-02STUDIES OF METALS AND INTERMETALLICCOMPOUNDSW. E. Wallace and V.U.S. Rao -Dept. of Chemistry

Determination of the magnetic behavior of ternary systems con-taining lanthanides and d-transition metals; the solubility ofhydrogen in selected rare earth intermetallics, and surfaceanalyses by Auger and LEED; rates of adsorption and desorptionof H2, and of its diffusion in the lattice by pulsed field gradientNMR methods.

PURDUE UNIVERSITY

271. TRANSPORT AND THERMODYNAMIC $ 37,000 01-03PROPERTIES OF SOLIDS

R. E. Grace - School of MaterialsEngineering

Chemical interdiffusion and interface stability in solid multi-component, multiphase alloys; intrinsic and interdiffusion co-efficients; Cu-Ni-Zn and Fe-Ni-Al ternary systems; electron micro-probe analysis and scanning electron microscopy.

UNIVERSITIES - 75 -

PURDUE UNIVERSITY (Continued)

272. HIGH TEMPERATURE EFFECTS OF $ 48,000 01-03INTERNAL GAS PRESSURES IN CERAMICSA. A. Solomon - Dept. of NuclearEngineering

Effects of internal gases and microstructure on rate-controllingmechanisms of pressure induced densification and swelling ofceramics; single and polycrystalline CoO.

RENSSELAER POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE

273. THE EFFECT OF WELDING VARIABLES $ 44,000 01-01ON THE SOLIDIFICATION SUBSTRUCTURE,MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND CORROSIONBEHAVIOR OF AUSTENITIC STAINLESSSTEEL WELD METALW. F. Savage and D. J. Duquette -Materials Division

Studies of weld structures containing retained ferrite in stain-less steel; effects of elemental redistribution during solidifi-cation; role of solution temperature, chloride concentration, andpH on localized corrosion and stress corrosion cracking; ferritecontent and distribution will be varied and heat treatments willbe developed to redistribute solid solution constituents.

274. FATIGUE BEHAVIOR OF BCC METALS $ 31,300 01-02N. S. Stoloff - Dept. ofMaterials Engineering

Fatigue behavior of V and V-H alloys under high cycle (stresscontrolled) and low cycle (strain controlled) conditions;nucleation sites and propagation paths of fatigue cracks; roomtemperature and above.

ROCHESTER, UNIVERSITY OF

275. THE MATERIALS AND MECHANICS $ 33,000 01-02OF RATE EFFECTS IN BRITTLE FRACTURES. J. Burns - Dept. of Mechanicaland Aerospace Sciences

Critical stress intensity factor for propagating cracks; effectof temperature and microstructural variables; emphasis on thebrittle region of steels; wedged-double-cantilever beam; cracklength measured electrically.

UNIVERSITIES - 76 -

ROCHESTER, UNIVERSITY OF (Continued)

276. DIFFUSIONAL CREEP OF MULTI- $ 33,000 01-02COMPONENT SYSTEMSJ. C. M. Li - Dept. of Mechanicaland Aerospace Sciences

Penetration creep of both molecular solid solutions and metallicalloys; theoretical treatments of creep involving a transitionof creep behavior in temperature and in stress; compositionvariations of the activation enthalpy and the stress exponent.

SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA, UNIVERSITY OF

277. ELECTRICAL AND MECHANICAL $ 50,000 01-03PROPERTIES OF OXIDE CERAMICSF. A. Kroger - Materials Science Dept.

Electrical conductivity and high temperature creep in dopedpolycrystalline oxides; conductivity, transference numbers,creep; A1203; effects of oxygen pressure, temperature, grainsize; dopant concentration, type, and segregation.

278. GRAIN BOUNDARY SLIDING DURING $ 52,000 01-02HIGH-TEMPERATURE CREEPT. G. Langdon - Dept. of MaterialsScience and Mechanical Engineering

Grain boundary sliding during creep at low stress levels; effectsof stress, temperature, grain size and crystal structure; relationbetween grain boundary sliding and cavitation failure; deforma-tion maps; h.c.p. and f.c.c. alloys and ceramics.

STANFORD UNIVERSITY

279. STRUCTURE DEPENDENCE OF HIGH $ 54,999 01-02TEMPERATURE DEFORMATION OF METALSC. R. Barrett and W. D. Nix -Dept. of Materials Science andEngineering

Control of high temperature mechanical properties through micro-structure control; effects of precipitate-free zones on creepand ductility; cavity growth during creep; theory of creeprupture; experimental effects of gas bubbles; H20 in Ag; effectsof sub-micron grain size; theory of irradiation enhanced creep.

UNIVERSITIES - 77 -

STANFORD UNIVERSITY (Continued)

280. DIFFUSION OF OXYGEN IN LIQUID $ 28,000 01-03METAL SYSTEMS

D. A. Stevenson - Dept. ofMaterials Science

Diffusion of oxygen in liquid metals and alloys using electro-chemical techniques and solid electrolytes; Ga-In-O alloys.

TENNESSEE, UNIVERSITY OF

281. MICROSTRUCTURE-PROPERTY RELATION- $ 28,000 01-01SHIPS IN AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEELSJ. E. Spruiell - Dept. ofChemical & Metallurgical Engineering

Relation of composition, pretreatment and aging to phasestability, recrystallization behavior and tensile behavior;nucleation of carbides and intermetallic compounds duringaging; precipitation in types 321 and 304; microstructuralstability in 16Cr-8Ni-2Mo; role of carbon on sigma phase pre-cipitation; effect of ferrite content of welds on sigma forma-tion; effect of sigma phase on creep.

282. APPLICATION OF ADIABATIC CALORIMETRY $ 29,000 01-03TO METAL SYSTEMSE. E. Stansbury and C. R. Brooks -Dept. of Chemical andMetallurgical Engineering

Heat capacity measurements of metals; Sn, Bi, Pb, Ga and stain-less steel; 300 to 1300°K; effects of plastic deformation andrelation to recovery and recrystallization.

UTAH, UNIVERSITY OF

283. POSITRON LIFETIME MEASUREMENTS $ 50,000 01-02AS A NON-DESTRUCTIVE TECHNIQUETO MONITOR FATIGUE DAMAGEJ. G. Byrne - Div. of MaterialsScience and Engineering

Positron lifetime and Doppler annihilation line shape broadeninginformation to monitor fatigue damage in solids; positron life-time in hydrogen embrittled steels; positron and x-ray studies offatigue in Ni and Ni-Cu alloys; effects of irradiation onpositron lifetime.

UNIVERSITIES - 78 -

UTAH, UNIVERSITY OF (Continued)

284. IMPURITY EFFECTS ON THE CREEP $ 33,000 01-02OF POLYCRYSTALLINE MAGNESIUMAND ALUMINUM OXIDES AT ELEVATEDTEMPERATURESR. S. Gordon - Dept. of MaterialsScience and Engineering

Relative roles of diffusion and dislocation mechanisms in creepof polycrystalline oxides and role of impurities; MgO, A1203 andmullite; iron and chromium dopants; effects of impurity typeand concentration, temperature, oxygen pressure, and microstructure.

VERMONT, UNIVERSITY OF

285. THERMODYNAMIC AND TRANSPORT $ 23,626 02-03PROPERTIES OF INTERSTITIALHYDROGEN ISOTOPES IN METALS SYSTEMS /

J. S. Brown - Dept. of Physics

Theoretical study of electronic and transport properties of FCCtransition metals, Pt, Ni and Pd; muffin Sn potentials used;superconductivity in PdHn and PdD systems; CPA analysis ofelectron propagation in disordered ternary interstitial alloys.

VIRGINIA, UNIVERSITY OF

286. ELECTRONIC PROPERTIES OF METALS $ 87,000 02-02AND ALLOYS AND MOLECULES

R. V. Coleman - Dept. of Physics

Measurement and analysis of the electronic properties of solidsand molecules; band structure of ferromagnetic Fe and Co;superconductivity in the layer structure dichalcogenides NbS2,TaS2, TaSe2 and NbTe2; inelastic electron tunneling using dopedtunnel junctions.

WASHINGTON, UNIVERSITY OF

287. MOSSBAUER STUDIES AT HIGH $ 63,000 02-02PRESSURE

R. L. Ingalls - Dept. of Physics

Mossbauer effect in solids under pressure up to 300 kbar; internalmagnetic field, isomer shift, and phase changes occurring intransition metals, alloys and compounds containing 5 7 Fe.

UNIVERSITIES - 79 -

WASHINGTON, UNIVERSITY OF (Continued)

288. A STUDY OF PHASE TRANSITIONS $ 36,143 01-03AND SUPERCONDUCTIVITYD. H. Polonis - Dept. ofMining, Metallurgical andCeramic Engineering

Relationship between phase transformations, microstructure andsuperconductivity in metal alloys; precipitation or transformationprocesses and powder metallurgical fabrication; B-stabilizedZr-Nb alloys, Hf-Nb alloys, A-15 compounds dispersed in metalmatrices; effects of microstructure on Tc, Hcl, Hc2 and hysteresis.

WISCONSIN, UNIVERSITY OF

289. VOID NUCLEATION AND GROWTH $ 50,000 01-04IN HEAVY ION AND ELECTRONBOMBARDED PURE METALS

G. L. Kulcinski - Dept. ofNuclear Engineering

Irradiation variables and materials parameters, influencing voidnucleation in metals; pure Al and V; effects of He injection andimpurities; high voltage transmission electron microscopy.

0

SECTION C

Summary ofFunding Levels

The summary funding levels for various research categories weredetermined from the index listing in Section D and estimatingthe percentage from the project devoted to a particular subject.There is overlap in the figures. For instance, funding for aproject on diffusion in oxides at high pressure would appear inall three categories of diffusion, oxides, and high pressure.

SUMMARY OFFUNDING LEVELS - 82 -

During the fiscal year ending June 30, 1975, the Materials SciencesProgram's total support level amounted to about $39.8 million inoperating funds and $3.2 million in equipment funds. Theseseparately identified equipment funds are expended primarily atERDA Laboratories and are not shown in this report. Equipment fundsfor the University projects are included in the total contractdollars, being part of the operating budget. The following analysisof costs is concerned only with the $39.8 million operating funds.

1. By Region of the Country:

Contract TotalResearch (%) Program (%)

(a) Northeast .................... 44.6 17.1(Mass., R.I., Penn., N.Y.,N.H., D.C., Md., Vt., Conn.)

(b) South ....................... 5.6 24.3(Fla., N.C., Tenn., Va.)

(c) Midwest ...................... 23.0 42.9(Ohio, Ill., Wisc., Mich.,Minn., Ind., Iowa, Kan.)

(d) West ......................... 26.8 15.7(riz., Utah, Calif.,Colo., Mont., Okla., Ore.,Texas, Wash., Hawaii, N.Mex.)

100.0 100.0

2. By Academic Department or Laboratory Division:

Contract TotalResearch (%) Program (%)

(a) Metallurgy, MaterialsScience, Ceramics(Office Budget ActivityNumbers 01-) ................. 60.3 43.5

(b) Physics, Solid StateScience, Solid StatePhysics (Office BudgetActivity Numbers 02-) ........ 34.0 40.3

(c) Chemistry, Chemical Eng.(Office Budget ActivityNumbers 03-) ................. 5.7 16.2

100.0 100.0

SUMMARY OFFUNDING LEVELS - 83 -

3. By ERDA Laboratory and University:

TotalProgram (%)

(a) University Program (includingthose laboratories wheregraduate students are involvedin research to a large extent) ......... 36.6

(b) Laboratory Program .................... 63.4

100.0

4. By Laboratory:

TotalProgram (%)

Ames Laboratory ............................. 10.8Argonne National Laboratory ................. 24.7Brookhaven National Laboratory .............. 12.0Holifield National Laboratory ............... 23.3Illinois, University of (Mater-ials

Research Laboratory) ...................... 3.6Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory ................ 8.9Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory ............ 1.2Mound Laboratory ............................ 0.3Pacific Northwest Laboratory ................ 1.9

Contract Research ........................... 13.3

100.0

SUMMARY OF - 84 -FUNDING LEVELS

5. By Selected Areas of Research:

Number ofProjects Total

(Total=237) Program $

(%) (%)

(a) Materials

Actinide Metalsand Compounds............ 10.5 7.8

BCC Refractory Metals ..... 17.7 9.8Ceramics................... 24.9 15.4Rare Earth Metals

and Compounds............ 9.7 6.1

(b) Technique

Neutron Scattering ......... 8.0 15.1Theory..................... 10.6 7.3

(c) Phenomena

Diffusion................. 13.9 6.7Strength. .................. 19.4 10.3Superconductivity.......... 14.7 9.1Surface Phenomenaand Thin Films ........... 13.1 7.8

Void Formation ............. 6.3 6.3

(d) Environment

High Pressure.............. 4.2 3.4Hydrogen ................... 13.5 5.0Radiation ................. 17.3 19.7

SECTION D

Index of Investigators,Materials, Phenomena,

Technique and Environment

The index refers to project numbers in Sections A & B.

INVESTIGATORS - Al -

Abraham, M. M., 85 Blume, M., 63Ackermann, R. J., 44 Blumenthal,. R. N., 243Ader, M., 50 Bonilla, C. F., 220Agrawal, A. K., 264 Borie, B. S., 71Agron, P. A., 96 Bradley, W. L., 218Aldred, A. T., 24 Bradt, R. C., 266Allen, R. P., 146 Bragg, R. H., 126Alire, R. M., 143 Braunstein, J., 95Alstetter, C., 108 Brewer, L., 136Anderson, J. L., 143 Brimhall, J. L., 148Anderson, M. S., 9 Brodsky, M. B., 26Appleton, B. R., 90 Bronstein, H. R., 97Arai, T., 41 Brooks, C. R., 282Ardell, A. J., 205 Brown, B. S., 30Arko, A. J., 26 Brown, G. M., 92Arsenault, R. J., 244 Brown, J. S., 285Atoji, M., 43 Brun, T., 33Averback, R. S., 31 Brundage, W. E., 82Axe, J. D., 57, 58, 59, 60 Brynestad, J., 67

Burkhart, L. E., 21Burnet, G., 19

Bader, S. D., 29 Burns, S. J., 275Bailey, D. M., 3 Busey, R. H., 67Bak, P., 63 Busing, W. R., 92Balluffi, R. W., 223 Butler, W. H., 69Barcarella, A. L., 95 Byrne, J. G., 283Barnes, R. G., 7Barrett, C. R., 279Barrett, J. H., 87 Cable, J. W., 78Bates, J. B., 84 Calaway, W., 47Battle, G. C., 82 Canon, R. M., 98Bauer, G., 77 Carlson, O. N., 1Bautista, R. G., 19, 20, 22 Carlson, P. T., 74Beahm, E. C., 99 Carneiro, K., 58, 60Beaudry, B. J., 11 Carpenter, J. M., 33Beck, P. A., 100 Carpenter, R. W., 77Begun, G. M., 94 Carstens, D. H. W., 143Bell, J. T., 94 Cathcart, J. V., 73Benedek, R., 31 Caton, R., 54Bennett, S. L., 67 Chen, C. W., 3, 4Benson, J. E., 15 Chen, S. H., 246Berard, M. F., 3 Chen, W. K., 28Berger, A. S., 28 Chen, Y., 85Bevolo, A. J., 8, 9 Chikalla, T. D., 145Bilello, J. C., 257 Child, H. R., 78Birnbaum, H., 103 Chiotti, P., 3Birtcher, R. C., 30 Choi, S. P., 32Blander, M., 48, 51, 52, 53 Ghoudhury, N. S., 28Blewitt, T. H., 30 Christen, D. K., 80, 81Bloom, E. E., 77 Cinader, G., 24, 29

INVESTIGATORS - A2 -

Clark, G. W., 68 Faber, J., 25Clarke, J., 128 Faber, K. H., 28Cleland, J. W., 82, 86 Falco, C., 37Clem, J. R., 13 Farrell, K., 77Coble, R. L., 248 Faulkner, J. S., 69Coghlan, W. A., 77 Felcher, G., 33Cohen, M. L., 131 Finch, C. B., 68Coleman, R. V., 286 Finnemore, D. K., 8Coltman, R. R., Jr., 89 Fisher, E. S., 28Connolly, T. F., 82 Flotow, H. E., 43, 45Cooke, J. F., 87 Fluss, M. J., 28Corbett, J. D., 17 Fradin, F. Y., 24, 29Cox, D. E., 60, 64, 66 Franzen, H. F., 22Crabtree, G., 40 Fraser, H., 106Crawford, J. H., 260 Fredrickson, D. R., 50Culbert, H., 36 Fuchs, R., 12Cunningham, P. T., 49 Fujii, Y.,.58, 59

Fuller, E. L., 96Fulrath, R. M., 125

Dahlgren, S. D., 146, 147Danielson, G. C., 8, 9Das, E. S. P., 27 Galligan, J. M., 221Davidson, G. R., 32 Gerberich, W. W., 253Davis, H. L., 86, 87 Gerstein, B. C., 16, 23de Fontaine, D., 206 Gibala, R., 212DeJonghe, L. C., 224 Gilbert, T., 41Delbecq, C., 35 Gilles, P. W., 241Dew-Hughes, D., 55 Godfrey, T. G., 75Dienes, G. J., 63 Goland, A. N., 64, 65, 66DiMelfi, R. J., 32 Goldman, A. M., 254Donaghey, L. F., 135 Gole, J. L., 247Drickamer, H. R., 102, 110 Gordon, R. S., 284Dunlap, B. D., 39 Grace, R. E., 271Duquette, D. J., 273 Granato, A. V., 111Duwez, P., 204 Gray, K., 37

Green, R. W., 6Green, W. V., 142

Easton, D. S., 76 Gregory, W. D., 236Ecker, K. H., 31 Griffiths, D. J., 76Eick, H. A., 250 Gruen, D. M., 46Einziger, R. E., 28 Gschneidner, K. A., 3, 11Emery, V. J., 62, 63 Gurinsky, D., 54, 55, 56Engstrom, H., 65 Gurland, J., 203Everett, G. E., 207 Guttman, L., 38Eyring, L., 201 Gyorffy, B., 69


Habenschuss, A., 10 Katz, J. L., 217Hafstrom, J., 37 Kayser, F. X., 3Hansen, R. S., 23 Kelly, E. J., 97Harmon, B. N., 14 Kenik, E. A., 77Hartley, C. S., 234 Kerchner, H. R., 81Hastings, J., 77 Khattak, C., 66Heldt, L. A., 252 Kierstead, H. A., 36Helland, B. J., 15 Kingery, W. D., 248Hendricks, R. W., 71 Kirk, M. A., Jr., 30Herley, P. J., 258 Kissinger, H. E., 148Hinks, D., 34 Klabunde, C. E., 89Hodges, L., 14 Klamut, C., 55Hoke, J. H., 266 Kliewer, K. L., 12Holder, J. D., 68 Kline, G. R., 5Holmes, D. K., 87 Knapp, G. S., 29Holmes, H. F., 67 Koch, C. C., 76Holt, B., 49 Kocks, U. F., 27Hren, J. J., 234 Koehler, J. S., 117Hubbard, W. N., 50 Koehler, W. C., 78Hubble, W., 49 Koelling, D., 41Huang, H. S.,, 53 Kramer, E. C., 30Hudgens, C. R., 144 Krautwasser, H. P., 67Huebener, R., 37 Krinsky, S., 63Hunter, 0., 2 Kroeger, D. M., 76Hutchinson, T. E., 255 Kroger, F. A., 277

Krumhansl, J. A., 226Kulcinski, G. L., 289

Iizumi, M., 57Ingalls, R. L., 287

Labusch, R., 27Lam, D. J., 24

Jackson, J., 42 Lam, N. Q., 28Jacobson, R. A., 2, 15 Lance, R. H., 227Jenkins, L. H., 83 Lander, G. H., 25Johnson, C. K., 92 Langdon, T. G., 278Johnson, D. L., 12, 14 Lannin, J. S., 24Johnson, G. K., 50 Lawrence, W. E., 232Johnson, H. H., 225 Larson, B. C., 91Johnson, S., 49 Lawson, A. W., 207Jonas, J., 102 Lazarus, D., 112Jura, G., 133 Legvold, S., 6

Leitnaker, J. M., 77Levy, H. A., 92

Kamitakahara, W., 79 Levy, P. W., 64, 65Kammerer, 0., 54 Li, C. Y., 228Kaplan, T., 87 Li, J. C. M., 276


Lindemer, T. B., 99 Mukamel, D., 63Liu, S. H., 14 Mulford, R. A., 27Loomis, B. A., 30 Muller, R. H., 139Luhman, T., 55 Mundy, J. N., 28Lundy, T. S., 74 Murtha, M. J., 19Lutz, H., 61Lyles, R. L., Jr., 31Lynch, D. W., 10 Narayan, J., 88, 91Lynn, J. W., 57, 58 Narten, A. H., 93Lynn, K. G., 64, 65 Nelson, R. D., 146, 147

Nicklow, R. M., 79Nix, W. D., 279

Malinauskas, A. P., 99 Noggle, T. S., 88, 91Manghnani, M. H., 237 Nolfi, F. V., Jr., 32Mansur, L. K., 77 Noonan, J. R., 83Maple, M. B., 209 Notis, M. R., 242Marcinkowski, M. J., 245Maroni, V. A., 47Marshall, S., 35 Oen, O. S., 87, 88Martin, A. E., 52 Ogle, J. C., 72Mattas, R. F., 32 O'Hare, P. A. G., 50McBeth, R. L., 46 Ohr, S. M., 91McCarley, R. E., 18 Okamoto, P. R., 32McCreary, J. R., 44 Olander, D., 138McElroy, D. L., 75 Olson, C. G., 10McMasters, O. D., 3 Olson, D. L., 218McMillan, J., 35 Olson, J. J., 69Mecking, H., 27 O'Reilly, D., 38Merkle, K. L., 31 Osborne, D. W., 45Merz, M. D., 146 Osgood, E. B., 62Meshii, M., 261 Ostenson, J. E., 8Metzger, M., 105 O'Sullivan, W., 219Miller, J. W., 90Mitchell, T. E., 213Mockler, R., 219 Packan, N. H., 77Modine, F. A., 84 Painter, G. S., 69Mook, H. A., 79, 80 Palmer, P. E., 11Moon, R. M., 78 Pande, C., 55, 56Moore, J. P., 75 Papatheodorou, G., 48Morral, J. E., 222 Parker, E. R., 120Morris, J. W., Jr., 122 Parkin, D. M., 142Mostoller, M. E., 87 Pask, J. A., 127Moteff, J., 216 Passell, L., 57, 60Mueller, F. M., 24, 41 Patterson, J. W., 3Mueller, M. H., 25 Pawel, R. E., 73


Payne, D., 113 Rothman, S. J., 28Perkins, R. A., 74 Routbort, J. L., 27Peterson, D. T., 2 Rowland, T., 109Peterson, G. F., 73 Roy, U., 82Peterson, S. W., 43 Ruoff, A. L., 230Phillips, N. E., 132Piacentini, M., 10Pickus, M. R., 118, 124 Saboungi, M., 48, 52Pigg, J. C., 85 Salinger, G. L., 9Pines, A., 137 Savage, W. F., 273Pipes, P. B., 233 Scattergood, R. 0., 27Pitt, W. W., 98 Schmidt, F. A., 1Pohl, R. O., 229 Schouten, D. R., 9Pollack, G. L., 251 Schow, O. E., 90Polonis, D. H., 288 Scott, C. D., 98Pong, W., 238 Scott, T. E., 2Pope, D. P., 269 Searcy, A. W., 123Posey, F. A., 97 Seidman, D. N., 231Potter, D. I., 32 Sekerka, R. F., 211Preece, C. M., 258 Sekula, S. T., 81Price, D. L., 33 Selman, J. R., 52Primak, W., 42 Shanks, H. R., 8, 9Procarione, W. L., 24 Shapiro, S. M., 57, 58Pronko, P. P., 31 Sheft, I., 46Pugh, E. N., 104 Shen, Y. R., 129Pynn, R., 58, 59, 60 Shenoy, G. K., 39

Sherrill, F. A., 91Sherry, E. G., 43

Rahman, A., 41 Shirane, G., 57, 58, 59, 60Rao, V.U.S., 270 Shull, C. G., 249Rapp, R. A., 263 Sidles, P. H., 9Rauh, E. G., 44 Siegel, R. W., 28Rechtin, M. D., 32 Sievers, A. J., 229Redman, J. D., 94 Simanek, E., 208Redman, J. K., 89 Simmons, M. L., 142Reed, R. E., 82 Simmons, R. O., 114Reed-Hill, R. E., 235 Simonen, E., 148Reiley, T. C., 77 Sinha, S. K., 5, 14, 33Renner, T., 51 Skaggs, S. R., 141Rice, J. R., 203 Slichter, C. P., 115Richards, P. L., 130 Smedskjaer, L. C., 28Rimbey, P. R., 12 Smith, D., 41Roach, P., 36 Smith, F. J., 94Roberto, J. B., 91 Smith, G. P., 96Robinson, C. C., 82 Smith, H. B., 79Robinson, J., 41 Smith, H. G., 81Robinson, M. T., 87 Smith, J. F., 3


Snead, L., 56 Trivedi, R. K., 1Solin, S. A., 215 Troiano, A. R., 214Solomon, A. A., 272 Turcotte, R. P., 145Sommer, W. F., 142 Turner, A. P. L., 27Somorjai, G. A., 140Sonder, E., 84Sparks, C. J., Jr., 71 Vandermeer, R. A., 72Spedding, F. H., 10 Varmazis, C., 61Spencer, C. W., 256 Vashishta, P., 41, 42Spruiell, J. E., 281 Veal, B. W., Jr., 24Staehle, R. W., 264 Veleckis, E., 47Stanford, J. L., 6 Verhoeven, J. D., 3Stanley, J. T., 202 Viswanathan, R., 54, 56, 61Stansbury, E. E., 282Stassis, C., 5Stein, D. F., 252 Wakabayashi, N., 79Steunenberg, R. K., 52 Wallace, W. E., 270Stevenson, D. A., 280 Washburn, J., 121Stiegler, J. 0., 77 Watson, R. E., 63Stoloff, N. S., 274 Wayman, C. M., 101Storms, E. K., 141 Webb, R., 36Strongin, M., 61 Wechsler, M. S., 4Strozier, J., 61 Weeks, R. A., 85Suenaga, M., 55 Weinstock, H., 240Suhl, H., 209 Welch, D. 0., 63Summers, G. P., 265 Wendelken, J. F., 83Susman, S., 34 Wert, C., 107Sweedler, A., 54, 56 Westbrook, R. D., 82, 86Swenson, C. A., 9 Westlake, D. G., 28Swyler, K. J., 64 Weyhmann, W. V., 254

Wheatley, J. C., 210White, W. B., 268

Tam, S. W., 28 Whitmore, D. H., 262Taub, H., 58, 60 Wiedersich, H., 32Taylor, A., 32 Wilder, D. R., 3Templeton, L. C., 84 Williams, D. E., 3Thiessen, W. E., 92 Williams, J. M., 43, 89Thomas, G., 119 Williams, R. K., 75Thomlinson, W. C., 62 Williams, R. O., 70Thorn, R. J., 44 Williams, W. S., 116Thorpe, A. N., 239 Windmiller, L., 40Thrower, P. A., 267 Winslow, G. H., 44Tobias, C. W., 134 Wittenberg, L. J., 144Torgeson, D. R., 7 Wolfer, W. G., 77Trainor, R. J., Jr., 26 Wood, R. F., 86, 87Traylor, J. G., 5 Worlton, T., 33

Wright, R. B., 46


Yakel, H. L., Jr., 71Yip, S., 246Yonco, R. M., 47Yoo, M. H., 69Yu, M., 61Yurek, G. J., 73Yust, C. S., 72Yuster, P., 35

Zackay, V. F., 120Zehner, D. M., 83Zimmermann, W., Jr., 254Zumwalt, L., 259

MATERIALS - A8 -

Actinide Metals and Compounds

1 723 735 74

24 8525 9926 10239 13240 13844 14045 14450 14567 14671

CeramicsCarbides Glass Nitrides Oxides

44 9 44 2 44 80 23845 38 45 3 45 82 24067 127 50 24 58 84 24199 268 67 25 60 85 242116 74 27 64 125 243118 75 28 66 127 248119 79 32 67 145 262141 99 33 71 201 265222 207 34 72 213 266230 215 35 74 215 272250 250 36 75 224 277

284

Complex Materials Systems

3 9819 11821 12046 12347 13449 13852 13953 25694 27395 281

MATERIALS - A9 -

Composites

1 733 105

54 12455 12668 21172 226

Graphite, Carbon, and Coal

23608096

126138259267

Hydrides

5 397 43

15 7925 10129 10633 258

Intermetallic Compounds

3 767 78

14 7924 8925 10626 13629 14739 20740 25454 27055 28861

MATERIALS - A1O -

Ionic CrystalsAlkali Halides Other

34 5 33 50 11335 9 35 57 13364 10 42 59 22982 17 43 64 255

110 20 48 65 260230 22 49 95 263

286

Liquids

1 475 4810 6012 9315 9519 14433 21838 22046 280

MetalsAlkali BCC Refractory Ferrous

15 1 107 1 21847 2 108 27 22552 3 109 32 227

143 24 124 77 228144 28 143 82 252218 30 148 118 253220 31 204 119 261230 37 212 120 264259 40 216 202 273

42 221 203 27547 222 213 28170 231 214 28273 235 28374 23775 24477 25681 25782 26189 27491 288

103 289

MATERIALS - All -

MHD Materials

224346668

Organics

5 1099 115

10 ,11618 13351 23653 23892 276

102

Rare Earth Metals and Compounds

2 573 785 799 80

10 11811 20714 20929 25033 25434 26036 27039

Semiconductor

9 8610 12134 13046 13579 21582

TECHNIQUE - A12 -

Acoustic Emission

104253

Auger Spectroscopy

1546183

140252270

Computer Simulation

2728386387

135206234245

Elastic Constants

328

111230237

Electron Microscopy

3 101 205 2484 106 213 253

28 107 216 25530 119 223 26731 121 224 26832 125 225 27177 148 234 28991 202 235

TECHNIQUE - A13 -

Electron Spin Resonance

1623353885

115260

Field Ion Microscopy

23231

High Temperature Heat Capacity

194450

220282

Infrared Spectroscopy

4996

130133229239260

Internal Friction

103111142144212235

TECHNIQUE - A14 -

Laser Beam Scattering

4884

129215219246247262268

Low Temperature Specific Heat

3 368 399 45

16 7626 10029 210

Magnetic Susceptibility

3 2026 207

24 21026 25439 270100

Mass Spectrometry

123141241250

Mossbauer Effect

7262939

287

TECHNIQUE - A15

Neutron Scattering

5 7815 7925 8033 8143 9257 9358 20159 24660 24966

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

7 10216 10923 11524 13729 26238 270

Optical Spectroscopy

106484

110114238265268

Positron Annihilation

286465283

TECHNIQUE - A16 -

Sputtering

30313746

108135147

Theory

12 69 13813 87 14814 120 20324 122 20827 123 21128 131 22631 135 23241 136 28563

Thermal Conductivity

85175

220240251

Thermodynamics

9 9920 12344 13647 24148 25050 28595

TECHNIQUE - A17 -

X-Ray Scattering

3 9215 9324 11425 11627 11743 14444 14554 20165 20471 26891

PHENOMENA - A18 -

Catalysis

1823388396

Channeling

314665838790

Corrosion

15297

218252263264273

Crystal Structure, Atomic Distribution and Crystal Transformations

3 70 14715 79 20122 92 20224 93 20425 101 22638 119 24543 120 26644 122 26854 136 27058 146 28867

PHENOMENA - A19 -

Diffusion

1 94 2233 103 225

21 109 23128 112 24632 127 24838 134 26144 137 26252 141 26369 143 27073 144 27174 222 280

Dislocations

23527 269 245

~91 248251

103 257121 2212 2 6 1

221 269

Erosion

118120

Electron Transport

4 856 1128 1169 126

17 12826 13340 21255 23361 23663 24366 26275 286

PHENOMENA - A20 -

Electronic StructureFermi Surface Other

6 6 10014 24 11024 26 11526 29 13140 41 141

232 63 24769 26587 286

Magnetism

3 575 636 78

14 10016 11524 13725 20726 21033 24937 25439 28641 28743

Materials Preparation and Characterization

1 552 82

11 9817 9918 12434 21154

Phonons

5 8733 11436 12941 21557 22959 24979 257

PHENOMENA A21

Point Defects

26 11228 11730 12131 20632 21635 22341 23156 24863 26169 26587 277

103

Precipitation

1 10832 12153 21755 23470 279

107 281

Recovery and Recrystallization

27 23172 261

121 281204 282216

Sintering

118124125127242248272

Solidification

168

273

PHENOMENA - A22 -

StrengthFracture Fatigue Creep Flow Stress

2 203 27 27 1 2164 225 142 72 2 227

27 235 218 77 27 22872 252 274 142 55 23077 253 283 146 72 235

104 257 203 105 244106 266 242 106 245

120 275 248 108 257142 276 116 261

277 120 267278 122 269279 205 281284 212

Stress-Corrosion Cracking

97104214252264273

Superconductivity (35 v. ')

3 55 147 57 61 204 1o8 76 208

13 80 20915 81 22124 87 23229 89 23330 111 23633 124 24036 128 25437 131 28854 132

PHENOMENA - A23

Surface Phenomena and Thin Films

1 97 2289 101 238

12 134 24822 139 25223 140 25546 141 25860 215 25961 218 26473 219 27083 223 27896

Void Formation

4 20530 20632 21371 21677 21780 231

117 289148

ENVIRONMENT - A24

GasOxidizing Hydrogen

1 1 11173 2 11594 3 138

108 7 140109 25 143207 28 144277 33 212280 41 214284 43 225

46 25285 25394 258103 270106 274107 283109 285

Magnetic Field

3 396 40

14 4324 5525 7826 11533 124

PressureAbove Atmospheric

92633

110111112133230237287

ENVIRONMENT - A25 -

RadiationElectron Ion Neutron Theory Gamma

28 28 88 4 89 63 3531 30 90 30 142 87 6432 31 145 42 148 8842 32 146 56 202 9156 42 148 64 216 11764 46 202 77 240 20677 56 205 81 244 217

117 64 216 88 267 279121 65 231213 77 239261 87 289265

TemperatureVery Low Temperatures

8 6326 13229 21036 22937 23645 24062 254

High Temperatures

17 9519 9820 12322 13644 14146 14447 22048 24151 24753 25066 25985

Documents

MATERIALS SCIENCES PROGRAMS...formations in superconducting intermetallic compounds. LABORATORIES - 4 - AMES LABORATORY Solid State Physics Division -02- (Continued) 8. SUPERCONDUCTIVITY