Matter

Essential Question: Are all objects composed of matter?

What is matter?O Defined as anything that has mass

and takes up space.

O Everything around you is made up of matterO A chocolate cake is made up of matter O Air around usO Microbes, which you cannot seeO You are made up of matter

Essential Question: Are all objects composed of matter?

Matter continuedO Matter can be small or large O All matter is made up of atoms and

molecules

O Objects can be made up of different atoms

O Example: O Gold is made up of Gold atoms

O Salt is made up of two different atoms: sodium atoms and chloride atoms

Essential Question: Are all objects composed of matter?

Why are properties important?

O All substances have properties that we can use to identify them.O For example we can identify a person

by their face, their voice, height, finger prints, DNA etc..The more of these properties that we can identify, the better we know the person.

O In a similar way matter has properties - and there are many of them.

Essential Question: How can physical and chemical properties be used to identify matter?

Physical and Chemical Properties

O There are two basic types of properties that we can associate with matter.

O These properties are called Physical properties and Chemical properties:

Essential Question: How can physical and chemical properties be used to identify matter?

Physical PropertiesO A physical property is a characteristic

that can be observed or measured without changing the sample’s composition.

O Examples of physical properties are:O color, smell, freezing point, boiling point,

melting point, infra-red spectrum, attraction (paramagnetic) or repulsion (diamagnetic) to magnets, opacity, viscosity and density.

Essential Question: How can physical and chemical properties be used to identify matter?

Physical Properties- Activity

O Provide as many physical properties for the following:

Essential Question: How can physical and chemical properties be used to identify matter?

Item Physical Property

Sugar

Baking Soda

Chemical PropertiesO A chemical property is the ability of a

substance to combine with or change into one or more other substances.

O Examples of chemical properties are: heat of combustion, reactivity with water, PH, ability of iron to form rust when combined with air, the ability of paper remaining the same after cutting it into small pieces

Essential Question: How can physical and chemical properties be used to identify matter?

Chemical Properties-Activity

DemoO Baking soda with vinegar

O Copper with ammonia

Essential Question: How can physical and chemical properties be used to identify matter?

Observing Properties of Matter

O Every substance has its own unique set of physical and chemical properties

O The more properties we can identify for a substance, the better we know the nature of that substance.

O These properties can then help us model the substance and thus understand how this substance will behave under various conditions.

Essential Question: How can physical and chemical properties be used to identify matter?

On a side note, several physical properties of matter require the use of

MATH.

So what does this mean? Physical properties such as density, mass, or length require that you express those numbers using the correct number of Significant Figures.