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Max Klein - IoP Meeting on the SLHC - Liverpool, UK, June 27th, 2007
Lepton Nucleon Scattering at TeV cms Energies- the Large Hadron Electron Collider Project - LHeC -
Max KleinIoP meeting on the LHC upgrade, Liverpool, 27/6/2007
New PhysicsHigh Precision QCDNew Parton DynamicsPartons in NucleiThe LHeC Project
Max Klein - IoP Meeting on the SLHC - Liverpool, UK, June 27th, 2007
Kinematic coverage of lepton proton scattering experiments
€
s = 4EeE p
LHeC : 70 ⋅7000→2 ⋅106GeV 2
HERA : 27.6 ⋅920→105GeV 2
s = 2M pE l
BCDMS : 280→500GeV 2
SLAC : 20→ 40GeV 2
Q2 = sxy
x =Q2
sy
Bjorken − x ≤1
inelasticity − y ≤1
Q2 ≤ s
Max Klein - IoP Meeting on the SLHC - Liverpool, UK, June 27th, 2007
The Role of Deep Inelastic Scattering
Resolution of Nucleon Structure
ep facilities are the highest resolution microscopes using the virtual boson toresolve nucleon’s structure.The LHeC will explore dimensions around and below 10-19 m.
Max Klein - IoP Meeting on the SLHC - Liverpool, UK, June 27th, 2007
The Role of Deep Inelastic Scattering
DIS determines the partonic dynamics and distributions with the best possible accuracy.
Precision measurements of the quark and gluon momentum distributions in the proton will be crucial to understand physics beyond the standard model. At the LHeCfundamental measurements on pdf’s are possible: the gluon distribution, ALLquark distributions, e.g. b, d/u, s-sbar. also generalised, unintegrated,diffractive and nuclear parton densities - for the first time, in a new range + precise!
Max Klein - IoP Meeting on the SLHC - Liverpool, UK, June 27th, 2007
The Role of Deep Inelastic Scattering
Formation of eq Resonances
ep facilities lead to the possible formation ofeq resonancesat masses as high asM2 = sx .With high energy (s),high luminosity (large x)and variation of lepton beamcharge and polarisationeq resonance spectroscopycan be studied, should newstates exist (LQ, RPV SUSY)
Max Klein - IoP Meeting on the SLHC - Liverpool, UK, June 27th, 2007
DIS and Drell Yan Kinematics
LHC
Q2 =M2
x=(M/√s) ey
heavy masses:
large Bjorken x
lower masses &
forward physics:
low Bjorken x
Max Klein - IoP Meeting on the SLHC - Liverpool, UK, June 27th, 2007
Partons and the LHCParton luminosityto 1-2% requires partons to be known to 1-2%[low x, extrapolationresummation, HQ,..]
Gluon and beauty and u/ddistributions crucial for observations ofnew physics [cf high Et jet excess at Tevatron]
Max Klein - IoP Meeting on the SLHC - Liverpool, UK, June 27th, 2007
A new level of precision and kinematic range
Design detector [range, calibration] to measure s to per mil accuracy (thy NkLO) Full simulation of NC, CC including systematics and NLO fit
The strong couplingconstant is the worst measured coupling of all
Unification at GUT scale?
Max Klein - IoP Meeting on the SLHC - Liverpool, UK, June 27th, 2007
Detector requirements [under further study]
High luminosity to reach high Q2 and large x 1033 - 1034 1-5 1031
Largest possible acceptance 1-179o 7-177o
High resolution tracking 0.1 mrad 0.2-1 mrad
Precision electromagnetic calorimetry 0.1% 0.2-0.5%
Precision hadronic calorimetry 0.5% 1%
High precision luminosity measurement 0.5% 1%
The new collider
has to be 100 times more luminous than HERA
The new detector
has to be at least2 times better than the good old H1
In ep have redundant determination of kinematics from e and X
Need low x and high Q2 detectors (fwd, central)LHeC HERA
Max Klein - IoP Meeting on the SLHC - Liverpool, UK, June 27th, 2007
Heavy Quarks - HERA
Ws -> ctoo small luminositytoo small Q2
Pioneering measurementsof charm and beauty density.Theoretical treatmentof crucial importance for LHC:CTEQ6 7% effect on W,Zfrom heavy quark treatment.Predictions very much basedon extrapolations and on pQCD.
No access to strange quarks.
Max Klein - IoP Meeting on the SLHC - Liverpool, UK, June 27th, 2007
Heavy Quarks - LHeCHigh precision measurementsof beauty and charm from impactparameter tagging, also decayswith modern Si trackers, beam spot15 * 35 m2 . Profit from enhancedrelative cross section (b/u+d ..) .Beauty crucial for LHC.
Strange and anti-strange quark densityFrom charm tagging in charged currents.Both charges will resolve s-sbar puzzle(NuTeV anomaly, npQCD).
b
cs
Max Klein - IoP Meeting on the SLHC - Liverpool, UK, June 27th, 2007
valence quarks - xF3Z
Valence quarks at low x
or/and unexpected sea
asymmetries
from yZ interference
HERA I
Also from W+ W- at LHC
Max Klein - IoP Meeting on the SLHC - Liverpool, UK, June 27th, 2007
Partons at High x - High Masses
Possibly crucial for discovery and interpretation of new states.
Max Klein - IoP Meeting on the SLHC - Liverpool, UK, June 27th, 2007
New Physics
E.Perez, DIS07
Extra dimensions: deviations in dijet mass spectra at high masses
Max Klein - IoP Meeting on the SLHC - Liverpool, UK, June 27th, 2007
New Physics - Leptoquarks
Appear in many extensions of the SMScalar or vector colour triplet bosonscarry L and B, fractional charge
Symmetry between q and l sectorCancellation of QED triangular anomaly
Could be discovered viapair production at LHC up to masses of 1-1.5 TeV
Charge, angular distribution, polarisation determine quantum numbers in ep
Max Klein - IoP Meeting on the SLHC - Liverpool, UK, June 27th, 2007
New Physics - Leptoquarks
Charge asymmetry much cleaner in epthan in pp. Similar for simultaneousdetermination of coupling and quark flavour
10 fb-1
100 fb-1
Max Klein - IoP Meeting on the SLHC - Liverpool, UK, June 27th, 2007
Low x Physics
Is the rise limited, do densities saturate?
Evolution dynamics(DGLAP, BFKL..)Final state, diffractionHuge fields of researchon their own and in relation to the LHC
What is the originand range of the high density phase?instantons?..
LHeC: basis to understand pp,pA,AA.Neutrino and gamma astrophysics
Max Klein - IoP Meeting on the SLHC - Liverpool, UK, June 27th, 2007
High density amplification?
p
A
pp
AA
Ag
gA
rg
rg 3/12
2
/
/=
ππ
High density
Unitarity
Striking effects predicted:bj -> black disc limit F2Q2ln(1/x)
~50% diffractioncolour opacity, change of J/(A)
… Understanding the possible observation of QGP in AA with eA
Max Klein - IoP Meeting on the SLHC - Liverpool, UK, June 27th, 2007
Available data on F2 in nuclei
Limited information on quarks and nearly none on gluons
K.Eskola (ed), hep-ph/0308248; S. Kumano DIS06; D.Florian and R. Sassot, hep-ph/0311227; FGS, Phys Rev.D71(05)054001; LMcLerran,Glasma..
The LHeC extends the eA kinematic range by 4 orders of magnitude
Max Klein - IoP Meeting on the SLHC - Liverpool, UK, June 27th, 2007
Determination of nuclear PDF’s
In eA at the collider, test Gribovsrelation between shadowing anddiffraction, control nuclear effectsat low Bjorken x to high accuracy
S. Kumano DIS06
Max Klein - IoP Meeting on the SLHC - Liverpool, UK, June 27th, 2007
d/u at low x from deuterons
Note all QCD fitsassume u=d at low x
No constraintfrom HERA
[W asymmetry]
Max Klein - IoP Meeting on the SLHC - Liverpool, UK, June 27th, 2007
High LuminosityypxpNp
ppe
e
NIL
ββεπ
⋅⋅⋅⋅
⋅⋅=2 ypxpNp
ppe
e
NIL
ββεπ
⋅⋅⋅⋅
⋅⋅=2
Npp / εNp=3.2·1020m-1
m
AI
ypxp
e 063.0=ββ m
AI
ypxp
e 063.0=ββ
Power < 50MWScaling from HERACrab crossing9kW SR power in IRSyn.rad. fan confinedaround ATLAS+CMS
ep & pp operation
cf. F.Willeke 14/6/07accelerator seminar atCERN - so far feasible
Standard LHC p beam
Max Klein - IoP Meeting on the SLHC - Liverpool, UK, June 27th, 2007
0.7fb-1 in 93-07
∑L e+ 294 591 297e- 184 391 207
Bjoern Wiik, Gus Voss, Volker Soergel
Max Klein - IoP Meeting on the SLHC - Liverpool, UK, June 27th, 2007
Large Hadron electron Collider Design
Max Klein - IoP Meeting on the SLHC - Liverpool, UK, June 27th, 2007
LHeC Project in June 07
Organisation: steering group07: working groups09: CDR11: TDRfor consideration when LHC has revealed sth
Accelerator ExpertsC.Chattopadhyay, R.Garoby, S.Myers, F.Willeke
DirectorsJ.Engelen (CERN), R.Heuer (DESY), YK.Kim (Fermilab), P.Bond (BNL)
TheoristsG.Altarelli, S.Brodsky, J.Ellis, L.Lipatov,F.Wilczek
ExperimentalistsA.Caldwell, J.Dainton, J.Feltesse, R.Horisberger,R.Milner, A.Levy
Scientific Advisory Committee
Few invitations still outstanding
Max Klein - IoP Meeting on the SLHC - Liverpool, UK, June 27th, 2007
Remarks
Carlo Rubbia: CERN DG ICHEP Singapore 1990LHC pp: 1996, ep: 1998
Study LHeC and its relations to the LHC for the decisions on HEP to come in ~2010
Max Klein - IoP Meeting on the SLHC - Liverpool, UK, June 27th, 2007
Thanks
To J.Dainton, P.Newman, E.Perez, F.Willeke D.Pitzl, W.Smith, O.Bruening, H.Burckart, S.ForteJ.Bluemlein, U.Klein, T.Kluge, P.Kostka, A.Martin,A.Mehta, W.vanNeerven, W.Tung, .. and membersof the SAC for collaboration and encouragement
Max Klein - IoP Meeting on the SLHC - Liverpool, UK, June 27th, 2007
Lepton Polarisation
D.Barber
Max Klein - IoP Meeting on the SLHC - Liverpool, UK, June 27th, 2007
Low x Kinematics
105 eventsper pb-1 for Q2>100Lumi ‘easy’
Small anglespectrometer,favourable over THERAkinematicscf THERA bookfor detectorconcept[also W.Bartel Aachen 1990]
Dramatic extension of low x kinematic range
Max Klein - IoP Meeting on the SLHC - Liverpool, UK, June 27th, 2007
Hi q2 kinematics
Maximum luminosity in current design achieved with focusing magnetsclose to IP (9o cut) two detectors or detector versions required [cf THERA] Lowx with 1032 , highQ with 1033 [higher in upgraded LHC]
Max Klein - IoP Meeting on the SLHC - Liverpool, UK, June 27th, 2007
Strange quark distribution
Wu-Ki Tung. HERA LHC 3/07
Wu-Ki Tung. DIS04, and recent developments
Max Klein - IoP Meeting on the SLHC - Liverpool, UK, June 27th, 2007
DIS Bjorken scaling – QPM, PV (high) parton densities neutral currents diffraction asymptotic freedom …. QCD
e+e- J/Ψ 3 neutrinos … ILC gluons ….. electroweak theory pp charm, W,Z,bottom top LHC …
The standard model emerged as a result of decades of joint research in
e+e- , ep, pp/hh accelerator experiments, including quark and neutrino mixing.
Low x physics related to AA and to high energy neutrino physics.
There is no quantitative understanding of Tevatron data without HERA.
Physics is more than the often quoted “dualism” between e+e- and pp.
1970 2000 2015
?
Parton interaction developments at the energy frontier*)
*) incomplete