MCHS The Internet and Its Uses Working at a Small-to-Medium Business or ISP – Chapter 1

MCHS

The Internet and Its Uses

Working at a Small-to-Medium Business or ISP – Chapter 1

ITE PC v4.0Chapter 1 2© 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public

Key Vocabulary Construct a sentence using

each of the following key vocabulary terms.

Internet

Standard

ISP-what does it stand for and what does it do?

POP

DSL

Bandwidth

IPX

ICMP

Scalability

NOC

Help Desk

11 vocabulary terms, 30 minutes to complete = 50 point grade.


Internet

The Internet is a worldwide, publicly accessible network of networks. It enables individuals and businesses alike, through interconnected computer networks, to share information, resources, and services.

Why was the Internet ever developed???It is hard for most to imagine but it was for research, not games, chatting, e-mail or shopping.


Internet in Business E-commerce

– business over the web

– online shopping, Ebay, etc.

Communication– email, IM, VoIP

Collaboration & Training– document sharing

– remote work environment


Activity

Go to page 1.1.2.2 and complete the ISP activity. Make sure to compare and read what each ISP offers before making your selection.


Standards and the Internet Standards

– set of rules how something must be done

– makes it possible for different devices to send information over the Internet

RFC (Request for Comments)– to document the development and approval of an Internet

standard


ISP Services ISP’s Generally offer the following services:

Equipment co-location– store equipment at the ISP because of security, Internet speed and constant power

Web hosting – store one or multiple web pages

FTP hosting – store files for others to access

VoIP – offer telephone services through the Internet

Tech support – Assistance to users


Internet Connectivity Options

Bandwidth (Speed) is measured in bits per second

Dial-up– Inexpensive

– Uses phone with a modem

– Slowest connection (56kbps)

Cable– Offered by cable TV

– Cable modem separates signals

– Faster connection (512 kbps)

Satellite– 128 – 512 kbps depending on service


Internet Connectivity Options

DSL (Digital Subscriber Line)– More expensive than dial up

– Faster connectivity

– Uses phone line with continuous connection

– DSL modem separates signals

ADSL (Asymmetric)– Suitable for the home user

– Download speed faster than upload

SDSL (Symmetric)– Suitable for small-to-medium business

– Upload and download speeds the same


Bandwidth Connections – For Medium To Large Businesses

T1

– can transmit up to 1.544 Mbps

– symmetrical

– E1 (European)

• can transmit at 2.048 Mbps

T3

– can transmit up to 45 Mbps

– used for larger businesses with more employees

– E3 (European)

• can transmit at 34.368 Mbps

MetroEthernet

– used by large companies with many branches in the same city

– can transmit up to 10 Gbps


Internet Hierarchy

POP is the point that individuals and small businesses connect directly to the ISP network to obtain Internet access

Internet Backbone is connected through one of the following:

– IXP (Internet Exchange Point)

or

– NAP (Network Access Point)

Over 100 points worldwide

Fiber used to connect the Internet backbone– also can run under the sea


ISP Tiers Tier 1

– Huge organizations that connect with each other

– Span several continents- from the global Internet backbone

Tier 2– Pay Tier 1 to carry traffic across continents

Tier 3– Most major cities

– Provides customer with local Internet access

– Pays Tiers 1 & 2 for their services


Tools To Map The Internet Ping- tests the accessibility of a specific IP address.

The ping command sends an ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) echo request packet to the destination address and then waits for an echo reply packet to return from that host.

Pings reveal two things to the user 1) The time it takes to get from point A to point B and 2) If the destination is reachable.

Pings may work on one request and then may fail on the next because of connectivity issues.

Traceroute- displays the path that a packet takes from the source to the destination host. Helps determine the location of network problems and identifies routers that packets travel across


Packet Tracer Activity

Open up Packet Tracer and complete the activity from page 1.2.3.4 using Ping and Traceroute.


Devices Used for ISPs to Communicate

Access Devices DSLAM (DSL Access Multiplexer)

CMTS (Cable Modem Termination System)

Modems

Border Gateway Routers Enable ISP to connect to another ISP

Servers


ISP’s Are A Business

Just like any business an ISP wants to grow. In order to grow the ISP and its equipment must be scalable.

Scalability is the capacity of a network to allow for future change and growth. In order to accommodate network growth the equipment needs a high level of modularity which means equipment can be expended very easily.


Packet Tracer Activity

Complete the Packet Tracer Activity from page 1.3.1.3 that will identify the equipment needed to help an ISP meet the needs of a customer.


ISP Support Service Teams

Customer Service- first line of communication

Planning & Provisioning helps determine whether customer needs new or can use

existing hardware

On-site which equipment needs to be installed & installs it

NOC (Network Operating Center) monitors and tests network connectivity

Help Desk notifies customer when circuit is ready for operation & offers

assistance over the phone or through other resources


Activity

On page 1.3.2.3 identify what the role each of the teams within the ISP Service Support Team Plays.


Summary Businesses use the Internet for e-commerce,

communications, collaboration, and training.

Internetworking standards ensure that all devices connecting to the Internet use the same set of rules.

All Internet connections are made through an Internet Service Provider (ISP).

Multiple ISPs join together at an Internet Exchange Point (IXP) to gain access to each other’s networks.

ISPs must provide a reliable and scalable network.

ISP organizations are composed of many teams offering a range of support services.


ISP Flyer Design

Create a one page/poster/construction paper flyer that highlights a newly established ISP. You are the creator of the new ISP and the name is left up to you. On your flyer outline how your ISP support team will function make sure to include all five parts of the team somewhere on your flyer. Highlight the services that your ISP will offer such as web hosting, DSL services, etc and the estimated cost.

**Remember this flyer is to introduce your company, its structure, services offered and costs. The flyer will appear in the local newspaper in an attempt to attract new customers.**

Documents

MCHS The Internet and Its Uses Working at a Small-to-Medium Business or ISP – Chapter 1