Mdg

Dialogue Circle Millenium Development Goal

MDGRosane FontouraRosane Fontoura- Brazil and Kenya

2

Lesson Outline

• SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT • MDG IN AFRICA AND KENYA• MDG IN NAIROBI ( Asee Anee)

• MDG 1• MDG 2• MDG 3• MDG 4• MDG 5• MDG 6• MDG 7• MDG 8

• MOVEMENT WE CAN in Brazil• DIALOGUE CIRCLE

MDG – around the world

MDG – around the world

World `s challenges

• In the United Nations Millennium Summit in 2000, 191 countries adopted MDGs

– Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger by half relative to 1990

– Achieve universal primary education – Promote gender equality and empower women– Ensure environmental sustainability– Reduce child mortality by two thirds relative to 1990– Improve maternal health, including reducing maternal

mortality by three quarters relative to 1990– Prevent the spread of HIV/ AIDS, malaria and other

diseases – Develop a global partnership for development

Development SustaInable

"Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present

without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs". It

contains two key concepts Gro Brundtland (Noruega)

Population

1. Micronésia: 3143

2. Tonga: 3092

3. Emirados Árabes: 3017

4. Catar: 3007

7. Bahrein: 2889

8. Estados Unidos: 2874

9. Arábia Saudita: 2857

32. UK: 2719

33. Argentina: 2718

79. Brazil: 2647

Kenya

SUSTAINABLE

EN

VIR

ON

ME

N T

Players

Facts

• Poverty rates have been halved, and about 700 million fewer people lived in conditions of extreme poverty in 2010 than in 1990.

• The economic and financial crisis has widened the global jobs gap by 67 million people.

• One in eight people still go to bed hungry, despite major progress.

• Globally, nearly one in six children under age five are underweight; one in four are stunted.

• An estimated 7 per cent of children under age five worldwide

• are now overweight, another aspect of malnutrition; one quarter of

• these children live in sub-Saharan Africa.

Status of MDGs in Kenya

Goal 1

• Population living below the poverty reduced from 52.3% in 2000 to 45.9% in 2006 (KIHBS 2005/06)

– Recent WB estimates between 34-40%.

• http://www.planning.go.ke/

2/6/2014 20

Brazil ´s Case

Fontes: Renda: IBGE, Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios, PNAD.

Fatores PPC: Nações Unidas, Divisão de Estatísticas (Banco Mundial, ICP 2005).

Inflação média anual do Brasil e dos EUA: Fundo Monetário Internacional, World Economic Outlook, 2009.

Meta 1 (Indicador 1): Pobreza extrema é hoje menos

de um quinto daquela em 1990...se o ritmo da redução

se mantiver, a pobreza extrema será erradicada em

2013-2014.

25,6

20,819,6

16,4 16,8 17,0

15,4 14,914,0

11,312,0

9,7

8,16,7

6,14,8

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Meta ONU = 12,8%

% população com menos de US$ 1,25 ppc/dia (linha de pobreza)

Meta Brasil = 6,4%

• In 2011, 57 million children of primary school age were out of school, down from 102 million in 2000.

• XX More than half of these out-ofschoolchildren live in sub-Saharan Africa.

• XX Globally, 123 million youth (aged 15 to 24) lack basic reading and writing skills; 61 per cent of them are young women.


Goal 2

• Net Enrolment Rate in primary school has been rising steadily from 67.8% in 2000 to 95.3% in 2012.

• Primary to secondary school transition rate increased from 66.9% in 2009 to 73.3% in 2011

• http://www.planning.go.ke/

2/6/2014 27

Enrollment primary education

Number of students enrolled - primary education

6400

6600

6800

7000

7200

7400

7600

7800

8000

8200

8400

8600

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

'000

base

Primary completion rate

Primary completion rate

0.0

20.0

40.0

60.0

80.0

100.0

120.0

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

%

base

target

Enrollment secondary education

Number of students enrolled - secondary education

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

'000

base

Enrollment tertiary education

Number of students enrolled - tertiary education

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

'000

base

• Gender parity is closest to being achieved at the primary level; however, only 2 out of 130 countries have achieved that target at all levels of education.

• Globally, 40 out of 100 wageearning jobs in the non-agricultural sector are held by women.

• As of 31 January 2013, the average share of women members in parliaments worldwide was just over 20 per cent.


Goal 3• Proportion of female MPs increased from 4.1% in 2000

to 9.9% in 2009.– The proportion of competitively elected women decreased to

about 5% in the 2013 General elections.

– However, there are now 47 women MPs, due to provisions inthe new Constitution.

• The gender parity index in primary schools enrolmenthas been achieved (Economic Survey 2013).

• The total share of women in wage employment in thenon-agricultural sector rose to 31.9% in 2011 from29.5% in 2000.

2/6/2014 37

Tawakkul

Karman

Leymah

Gbowee,

Ellen

Johnson

Sirleaf,

Wangari Muta Maathai was born in Nyeri, Kenya (Africa) in 1940.

• since 1990, the child mortality rate has dropped by 41 per cent; 14,000 fewer children are dying each day.

• Still, 6.9 million children under age five died in 2011—mostly from preventablediseases.

• In sub-Saharan Africa, one in nine children die before age five, more than 16 times the average for developed regions.


Goal 4

• Infant mortality rates reduced to 52/ 1000in 2008/9 from 77/ 1,000 live births in2003

• under-five mortality rate decreased from115 to 74 deaths per 1,000 live births in2009.

• The proportion of 1-2 year olds fullyimmunized was 81% in 2012 up from76.1% in 2000

2/6/2014

"

While government action has played a

major role, the Pastoral da Crianca is

widely credited with spearheading the

drive to reduce infant mortality rates in

Brazil.

The group, which aims to train mothers in

basic healthcare and healthy eating, was

founded in 1983 by Zilda Arns, a

legendary Brazilian medic and aid worker,

and now boasts a network of 260,000

volunteers across the country from the Rio

favelas to the remote riverside

communities of the Amazon jungle and the

arid backlands of north-east Brazil, where

Costa was born.

Welcome to the frontline of a three-decade

battle against infant mortality in Brazil, a

country that has managed to drastically

reduce death rates over the last 30 years,

saving tens of thousands of young lives

"Bolsa Familia mothers are breast-feeding

more. Pregnant women are doing more

pre-natal,"

http://www.theguardian.com/world/brazil

3. Causes of Child Mortality-Kenya 188,928

48Source: World Health Statistics 2011, WHO

16%

20%

9%

11%1%10%

10%

8%3%

19%3%

Pneumonia Diarrhoeal Causes HIV/AIDS

Malaria Measles Prematurity

Birth Asphyxia Neonatal Sepsis Congential Anomalies

Other diseases Injuries

Neonatal causes =

31% of under 5

mortality

• in Eastern Asia, Northern Africa and Southern Asia, maternal mortality has declined by around two thirds.

• Only half of pregnant women in developing regions receive the recommended minimumof four antenatal care visits.

• Some 140 million women worldwide who are married or in union say they would like to delay or avoid pregnancy, but are not usingcontraception.


Goal 5• Only 43.8% of births are attended to by trained

health personnel- marked regional disparities exist• Maternal mortality rate increased from 414 per

100,000 live births in 2003 to 488 per 100,000 in2008/09.– Abolishment of maternity fees in Public health facilities

in 2013.

• The proportion of women using a method ofcontraception rose from 39.3% in 2003 to 46 % in2011

• Unmet need for family planning was at 24% in2011.

2/6/2014 52

According to studies, nearly

3 in every 10 teenage girls

are having babies. The age

bracket is normally between

15 to 19 and in most cases

these are normally school

going children either in

primary or secondary

school, who as a result of

the unwanted pregnancies

are forced to drop out of

school

Society cultural

prejudices - a key barrier

to continued education

among pregnant teen

girls’

Several factors which include

peer pressure

rape

cultural practices

lack of sexual awareness

abuse of alcohol and drugs

association is with poverty

lack access to contraception

economic crisis

What else ??????

• In 2011, 230,000 fewer children under age 15 were infected with HIV than in 2001.

• Eight million people were receivingantiretroviral therapy for HIV at the end of 2011.

• In the decade since 2000, 1.1 million deaths from malaria were averted.

• Treatment for tuberculosis has saved some 20 million lives between 1995 and 2011.

Malaria affects an estimated 300-500

million people worldwide each year,

resulting in 1.5-2.7 million deaths

yearly, the majority of whom are

children. In addition to the disease's

direct impact on individuals and their

families, malaria has been shown to

have a significant impact on the

economic growth of affected

populations, costing Africa an

estimated $12 billion in lost GDP

growth every year.

The targets cover a large share of the burden of disease & deaths among poor people

Child mortality: 10.4 million/yMaternal deaths: 0.5 million/yAIDS: 2.9 million/yTB: 1.6 million/yMalaria 1.1 million/y


Goal 6• The national HIV prevalence (age group

15-24 years) reduced from 3.6% in 2003to 3.0% (2008-9 KDHS).

• The national HIV prevalence (age group15-49 years) reduced from 6.7% in 2003(KAIS, 2007) to 6.3% in (2008-9 KDHS).– Regional disparities in data

– Gender disparities in prevalence rates

More at http://www.planning.go.ke/2/6/2014 62

from 1990to 2011—

• More than 2.1 billion people have gained access to improved drinking water sources since 1990, exceeding the MDG target

• Over 240,000 people a day gained access to improved sanitation facilities impressive but not enough

• Between 2000 and 2010, over 200 million slum dwellers gained access to improved water sources,sanitationfacilities, durable housing or sufficient living space, thereby exceeding the 100 million MDG target.

• In fact, between 2010 and 2012 alone, conditions improved to the point where an additional 44 million people were no longer considered to be living in slums.


Goal 7• The proportion of households drawing their drinking

water from clean sources stood at 52.6% in 2011. Since2009, an additional 5.9 million people have been givenaccess to clean drinking water through rehabilitationand expansion of urban and rural water supplies.

• The proportion of households with access to adequatesanitation stood at 61.2% 2011 (2009 Census).

• National forest cover at 4%(2011 MDGs Status Report) .Current estimates of forest cover are at 6% (KFS 2012).More at http://www.planning.go.ke/

2/6/2014 66

Goals

South South – BRAZIL AND AFRICA TOGETHER

IN ORDER TO ACHIEVE THE MDG


Goal 8

• Great improvement in ICTs ; Internet use andMobile Telephony

• Trade related targets lagging behind

More at http://www.planning.go.ke/

2/6/2014 70

KEY HIGHLIGHTS OF THE POST-2015KEYNIA

Climate change ConflictGovernance Security Disability Old age.

One of Brazil’s ContributionsCreation of the 8 icons for the Millennium Development Goals, now used in

over 70 countries

McCann Erickson Agency

Solidarity

Development

Sustainability

Partnership

Responsibility

National Citizenship Movement

National Movement for Citizenship and Solidarity

Network of individuals and voluntary organizations in Brazil, nonpartisan, ecumenical and pluralistic

nation that seeks to achieve theMillennium Development Goals (MDGs) by 2015.

Mobilize and coordinate all sectors of society to achieve the Millennium

Development Goals by 2015.

ESTABLISH BASELINES AND DISSEMINATE the situation of the Millennium

Development Goals in Paraná.

Encourage the voluntary commitment of people and institutions to reach the

MDGs by 2015.

Create spaces for dialogue and for prototyping new projects and initiatives,

consolidating a PARANÁ NETWORK for the MDGs.

Encourage the IMPLEMENTATION OF PROJECTS, PROGRAMS AND

INITIATIVES to achieve the MDGs in the State.

Monitor the Millennium Indicators to CHECK PROGRESS.

Encourage the organization of COMMUNITIES OF PRACTICE aimed at

sharing information and multiplying successful efforts.

OBJECTIVES OF “YES WE CAN PARANÁ”

First, it was important to aligning the MDGs with public policy in the

state

For that, it was useful that we connected the local circles to a National

platform and the unified social agenda

We also engaged civil society and private sector, showing them that

achievement of development goals is also their responsibility

We made na effort to work both with the “top” (leaders from all social

sectors) and the “bottom” (communities and beneficiaries)

We combined action – monitoring and dissemination, wich reinforced each

other.

Second, sensitization of State / Municipal authorities (Executive and

Parliament)

We develop a permanent mobilization process to

Include the MDGs in the public agenda for that, and here we get the third

key element...

Third, community pressure for action was key, that is why awareness

raising and monitoring were so important

KEY SUCESS ELEMENTS,we learned many lessons during our program;

Fourth - localization, alignment, zeal, care

• Our methodology was able to create a common dialogue

platform, with clear process and goals, that involved all

volunteers in the actions needed

• It was important to constantly show commitment to results and

give the appropriete incentives, through awards and public

recognition

• We relied on voluntary mobilization, believing that people do

more when they have the right motivation, when they care

about results

• Our process incentived joint, participatory work, to coordinate

and articulate the actions towards the same goals.

• It was key to be able to provide technical support and capacity

development for partners that wanted to contribute: we needed

to overcome the barrier of wanting to do something but not

knowing what or how.

Finally, the key lesson is that we need to motivate

participation and add quality to the decision and

implementation processes

Other KEY SUCESS ELEMENT,we learned many lessons during our program;

PARANÁ STATE

• Between 1991 and 2004 the percentage of the “paranaenses” below the poverty line dropped from 40% to 19,9% of population.

• In 13 years, between 1990 and 2003, Paraná reduced almost to half the rate of mortality in children under 5 years of age passing from 39 to 20 the number of deaths for each thousand children born alive (achievement of 74% if the established goal)

• During the same period there was a 61% drop in the rate of maternal mortality.

• People without access to canalized water in at least one room dropped from 34% to 16% between 1990 and 2004

METHODOLOGY

WORK CIRCLES

Establishment of partnerships between the various

social actors, to ensure and facilitate

implementation, and to monitor results

KNOWLEDGE CIRCLES

Group gathering people various skills and

competences, to identify and analyze

opportunities, and develop local capacity to

implement projects.

DIALOGUE CIRCLESDialogues to define in a participative way what wil be

the main priority projects for each community, and to

draw the action plans to implement them.

DIALOGUE CIRCLES

APPRECIATIVE INVESTIGATION

Constructivist methodology, which

brings to light the collective

imagination of the dreamed future,

planning and putting shared actions

into action.

DIALOGUE CIRCLE WE CAN NAIROBI

MEETING GOALS

– WE CAN NAIROBI

– PLAN ACTIONS OF THE GROUP

WORKS GROUPS

• Formation of Working Groups

MDG (03 min)

3a 5 persons

Presentation(10

minutes)

• Who am I

• Tell us a little about yourself and some project or action that you participate, participate or would like to participate, to contribute in some way to the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals.

• Leader of Dialogue: Ensures that all voices are heard within the time available. Keeps the group focused on the subject

• Editor: Join the group results, using the words of the person speaking. Asks people to record their ideas

• Spokesperson: Displays the plenary group work at the time specified

Roles ( 05 min)

Dream

(10 min)

• Imagine that your city all the MDGs -Millennium Development Goals were achieved. Use your imagination and describe in detail this city in all its aspects

• More than 2.1 billion people and almost 1.9 billon people,• respectively, have gained access to improved water sources

and• sanitation facilities since 1990.• An estimated 863 million people reside in slums in the

developing world.• Global emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) have increased by

more than 46 per cent since 1990.• Nearly one third of marine fish stocks have been

overexploited.• Many species are at risk of extinction, despite an increase

in• protected areas.

On presentation of the MDG indicators for Kenya and Nairobi, which actions together that the group can perform to achieve the MDGs - Millennium Development Goal chosen by the group.

Action ´s Plan

Among the actions proposed by

the group develop a plan of

action that the group consider

essential . Plan action of

priority action (20 minutes)

5 W 2 H - Design

What ?

Who?

Where?

Why?

When?

How Much (Resources)

How (Know)

www.nospodemos.org.br

www.portalodm.org.br

www.odmbrasil.gov.br

Esta apresentação é um

esboço a mesma será

diagramada e revisada

Documents

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