Measurements With 440x WCDMA

8/8/2019 Measurements With 440x WCDMA

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4400 Mobile Phone Tester SeriesOverview

andWCDMA Measurements


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440xMobile Phone Tester Series


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440x Mobile Phone Tester Series

The Willtek 440x Mobile PhoneTester series is

A state-of-the-art product

A multi-standard platform GSM, HSCSD, GPRS, EDGE,

cdma2000 1xRTT, IS-95, AMPS

WCDMA/UMTS

TD-SCDMA (Non-Call Mode)

1xEV-DO (coming, Q1 2006) HSDPA (coming, Q4 2006)

Provides many useful options, MS Power Supply, MS Current Measurement

Audio Analyzer / Codec

Parallel Multi Phone Tests

Comes in two different versions Willtek 4403 and

Willtek 4405


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Current front and rear panel

Power SupplyRF and Measurement

Industrial PCFloppy drive

Keypad

RF out

Audio In/Out


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New PC for 4400 Speed enhancement!

Old PC (current solution) VGA

Keyboard (PS2)

Mouse (RS232)

Parallel Printer Port

RS-232

GPIB

TCP/IP requiresPCMCIA cards (option)

2 PCMCIA Slots

NEW PC VGA, Parallel Printer Port, RS-232

Keyboard and Mouse (via PS2 or USB)

GPIB and TCP/IP (standard)

2 USB (Host, type A)

1 USB (Device, type B)


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RAPID!

4400

ControllerRAPID!

Program

4400SoftwareSoftware

START

RESULTS

RAPID! = Run Application Programs with Integrated Development Self-contained automatic test program

Easy integration


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Basicsfor

WCDMA measurements


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RF conformance tests for a 3G mobile phone described in ETSI TS134.121

Principle measurement setup:

Channel model for WCDMA

Willtek 440xMobile Phone Tester Series

Simulation Neighboring

cells / Interferer

Common issues to measure a 3G mobile station (UE)

Willtek 4921 RFShield

Coupling Field(e.g. Willtek 4916Antenna Coupler)

Simulation

Node B

SignalAnalysis

UUAir interface

Transmission channel

Node B (or 4400)

UE

OCNS1)

Ior

or

Ior=or+Ioc

Ioc

1) OCNS Orthogonal Channel Noise Simulation


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WhichScramblingCode is used inthe simulated

radio cell?

Basic Parameters

Necessary codechannels to

simulate aWCDMA DL

signal

440x output power

ReferenceMeasurementChannels


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Non-Call Mode


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4400 Approvals for alignment and calibration forGSM / GPRS / EDGE and WCDMA

Mobile phonemanufacturer

GSM / GPRS /EDGE WCDMA Remarks

Nokia SW Version4.24

Document is provided byNokia, how to use the 440x

and Phoenix SW toalign/calibrate a Nokiamobile phone

Sony Ericsson SW Version4.21 V6.00.SERP001 or later

versions

LG SW Version

4.24(for

GSM/GPRS)

Chosen for the calibrationpart of a WCDMA production

line

Under optimization

Siemens SW Version4.24

(forGSM/GPRS)

No Siemens product so far

Motorola SW Version

4.24(for

GSM/GPRS)

() SW VersionV6.10Implementation starts this

week

We work on that!

VK Cooperation*)

SW Version4.24 No product so far

SAGEM *) Prototype Use an EMP chipset (sameas Sony Ericsson) and 4405

SW VersionV6.10

*) Use the 440x in their complete production lines


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To align and calibrate a WCDMA mobile phone

Test setup for Phoenix

4400 acts as a signal generatorand spectrum analyzer Generates specific signals (different from manufacturer to manufacturer) and displays the

results

Tuning a Nokia 3G mobile phone with Phoenix andthe 4400

Power supply

Willtek 440x

Various Test-Jigs

PC with

ServiceSoftware

GPIBconnectionN SMA connection

RS232 connection


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Test times with 4400 and Phoenix

Internal Nokia measurements for the time to align a Nokia 6630(based on BB-5 engine) with the 4405

PA det 0.046875 sec.

Temperature sensor 0.078126 sec. Channel filter 0.156251 sec.

LoLeakage 0.250002 sec.

GSM TxIQ 900/1800/1900 1.437510 sec.

WCDMA Rx 8.56 sec.

WCDMA Tx AGC 8.68 sec.

WCDMA TxBand Response 2.81 sec.

GSM Rx 900/1800/1900 33.10900 sec.

GSM/EDGE Tx Power 900/1800/1900 + 36.37224 sec.91.50004 sec.

We hold the 2nd place in a competition with Agilent rack solution(1.) and CMU200 (3.)


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Motorola GATE System

Alignment and calibration of a V980 with the 4400 in the GATESystem

Agilent (8960 series) test time: 09 Min, 35 sec with a E1000

S G S


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Tuning a Sony Ericsson 3G mobile phone with SERPand the 4400

USBconnection

Willtek 440x

SEPI BoxSony Ericsson

Programming Interface

e.g. Sony EricssonV800

PC(with

SERP)

RF G


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RF Generator

Settings for

the DL signalaccording to theRMC 12.2

Select frequencyor

channel number

A Coupling Loss of 15 dB is added

P St i


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Power Staircase

Required by a specificmobile phonemanufacturer and iscommonly used in

connection with therelevant servicesoftware by this specificmanufacturer

The UE is instructed totransmit in differentpower steps

Output power of the UEis measurement

Mobile phone can betuned according to theseresults

Z S A l


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Zero-Span Analyzer

More flexible thenstaircasemeasurement

Displays power vs.time, whichcorresponds to theregular spectrumanalyzer functionalityin 0-span mode


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Call ModeCommon information, basic mask,

UE Info with UE measurement report, Tracer Option,

Power levels at the 4400


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Power levels at the 4400

UL Target PowerThe power with which

the UE should sent

1

UE PowerThe power the UEsends with

2

3Channel PowerThe Power receivedat the 4400

IorThe power, the 4400send with

or = UTRA Carrier RSSIThe Iorpower,that arrives at the

UE antenna connector

A

Basic Screen (1)


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Basic Screen (1)

1

3

A

Frequencybands&channelnumbers

Frequency

bands&channelnumbersParameters & LimitsParameters & Limits

Frequency bands and channel numbers


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Frequency bands and channel numbers

There are 6 frequency bandsspecified, which are allsupported by the 4400

WCDMA system option(see table) E.g. Band I

Uplink 1920 1980 MHz and downlink 2110 2170 MHz

Carrier spacing defined by ETSI specification is 200 kHz Carrier frequencies can be tuned in a distance of 200 kHz

Channels are separated by different channel numbers: UARFCN Universal Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Numbers

NUPLINK = 5*FU; 1920 < f UL < 1980 MHz9600 < NUL < 9900

NDOWNLINK = 5*FD; 2110 < f DL < 2170 MHz10550 < NDL < 10850

Basic Screen (2)


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Basic Screen (2)

Open LoopPower ControlOpen LoopPower Control

RMC 12.2 kbpsRMC 12.2 kbps

Graphicallimit check

Text & StatusFieldText & StatusField

Graphical limit check


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Graphical limit check

Measurement value

Actual value

Lowerlimit

Higher limit

Average value

Max. valueMin. value

FAIL

Reference Measurement Channels (RMC)


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Reference Measurement Channels (RMC)

A WCDMA signal contains various code channels with different datarates and data structure (e.g. time slot format)

For measurement purposes is it necessary to fix this complexity and

variability Definition of Reference Measurement Channels (RMC) 3GPP dictate, that every UE must support a 12.2 kbps user channel

(typical for voice transmission) Accordingly to higher data rates other RMC are defined (64, 144 and 384 kbps)

Uplink 12.2 kbps RMC and a downlink 12.2 kbps RMC is defined; settingsPhysical Parameter Uplink 12.2 kbps RMC Downlink 12.2 kbps RMC

Bit rate 12.2 kbps 12.2 kbpsDPDCH 60 kbpsDPCCH 15 kbps 30 ksps

Time Slot Format #0 (DPCCH) #11DPDCH / DPCCH power ratio (d /

c) -5.46 dB -Repetition rate 23% 14.7 %

DPCH

Open Loop Power Control


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Open Loop Power Control

1) BCCH Broadcast Control CHannel2) P-CCPCH Primary Common Control Physical

CHannel3) CPiCH Common Pilot CHannel

Node BUserEquipment, UE

Node B transmit System

information via BCCH1)

P-CCPCH2)

Preamble Init. Pwr [dBm] = Primary CPiCH3) DL Power + UL interference + Constant value CPiCH_RSCP

= 10 dBm+(-100dBm)+10dB-(-90)dBm=10dBm + (power Ramp Step)

Transmitted via systeminformation

Measured by the UE(UE Measurement Repo

Preamble Init. Pwr [dBm] = Primary CPiCH3) DL Power + UL interference + Constant value CPiCH_RSCP

= 10 dBm+(-100dBm)+10dB-(-90)dBm=10dBm + (power Ramp Step)

ToleranceNormal conditions 6 dBExtreme conditions 9 dB

UE Info with UE Measurement Report


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UE Info with UE Measurement Report

Add-on: Registration


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Add on: Registration

After a successful synchronization between Node B and UE and the network provideris the right one the registration procedure is initialized

RRC Connection request (CCCH)

RRC Connection setup (CCCH)

RRC Connection setup complete (DCCH)

Location Updating request (DCCH)

Authentication Request

Authentication Response

Security mode command

Security mode complete

Location Updating Accept

TMSI reallocation complete

RRC connection Release

RRC connection Release Complete

Node

B

UE

Add-on: Call Setup


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Add on: Call SetupMobile originated call

After a successful registration a mobile originated call is possible

Phase 1

Phase 2

Phase 3


RRC Connection setup (CCCH)

RRC Connection setup complete (DCCH)

CM Service Request (DCCH)



Security mode command

Security mode complete

Setup

Call proceeding

Radio bearer setup

Radio bearer setup completeAlerting

Connect

Connect Acknowledge

Node

B

UE

Add-on: Call Setup


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or a mobile terminated call

pMobile terminated call

Paging (PCCH)


RRC Connection setup (CCCH)RRC Connection setup complete (DCCH)

Paging response (DCCH)



Security mode commandSecurity mode complete

Setup

Call confirmed

Radio bearer setup

Radio bearer setup completeAlerting

Connect

Connect Acknowledge

Node

B

UE

4484 Tracer option for 4400 WCDMA System option


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p y p

All these messages (registration, mobile originated/terminated call)are displayed in the text/status field

For a detailed look youcan use the 4484 Traceroption for the 4400 WCDMAsystem option

Running on a PC Configuration via GPIB or TCP/IP

Connection is realized viaTCP/IP connection

You can configure which messageshould be displayed


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Call ModeTX measurements

Modulation Quality (1)


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y

Measure the quality of the WCDMA signal, which is generated bythe mobile

QPSK is used as modulation in WCDMA systems

Most important parameter: Error Vector Magnitude (EVM RMS)

Re

Im

Ideal Vector R

MeasuredVector Z

Err=Z-R

Tolerance for EVM< 17.5%

%inR

RZ

R

EEVM

rr ==

00

1011

01

Modulation Quality (2)


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Magnitude Error

Phase Error

Frequency Error Difference between

the RF modulatedcarrier frequencytransmitted from theUE and theassigned frequency

Rho Cross correlationfactor

Ideal = 1 (unit circle)

I/Q Offset

See next slide I/Q Imbalance

See slide after next

I/Q Offset


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I

Q

I/Q Offset Vector

Corrected

Signal vector

[dB]log20/vectorsignalcorrectedOffset

toroffset vecI/Q

=OffsetQI

I/Q Imbalance


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I

Q

Error Vector

Q

I

Ideal Vector

[dB]

log20ImbalanceI/Q

+=QI

QI

Constellation Display


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Distance depends on the power ratiobetween DPDCH and DPCCH(remember RMC 12.2=-5.46 dB)

Rotated within 45because of I/Qmultiplex

8 points becausepower ratio betweenDPDCH/ DPCCH(d/c)

Values between

1/15 and 15/15 -23.5 0 dB

d/c = 8/15 forRMC 12.2 kbps = -

5.46 dB

Limits for Modulation Quality


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Code Domain Power


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CDP measurements in the Uplink Whole power is allocated to different code channels (CDP - code domain power)

Knowledge of the scrambling code is necessary (selected by the user in the basic parameterscreen)

Knowledge of the spreding codesare necessary (implemented in theunit -> Hadamard functions)

I/Q multiplex in the uplink ->separate analysis of I- (DPDCH) and

Q-path (DPCCH) is necessary PCDE Peak Code Domain Error

Indicates which unused code channelis mostly interfered

Reason Losing orthogonality due to radio channel

Thermal noise


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Inner Loop Power Control (1)


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SNR is reliable for radio cell capacity Near-far problem

Node measures the actual SNR and compare it to a Target SNR Power regulation depending on the results

Power regulation done by TPC1) commands in every Time Slot (TS) 1 TS = 667 s 1/667 s = 1500 times per sec

2 control algorithm, step size 1 or 2 dB

Example: Power class 1 mobile (+33 dBm), Algorithm 1 and 2 dB step size ~27.7 ms from Min to Max Power (-50 +33 dBm)

TPC = 1 or 2 dB

tTime Slot = 667 s

PChannel

Time

Pmax,UMTS

Pmin,UMTS

83 dB

12

1) TPC Transmit PowerControl

Inner Loop Power Control (2)


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Spectrum measurement


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Measurements of the signal power in the frequency domain How does the spectrum of a WCDMA signal look like?

Signal bandwidth is appointed by the chip rate 3.84 Mcps and modulation type QPSK

Receive filter roll-off factor = 0.22 ~ 4.68 MHz

Mandatory and defined spectrum measurements by the ETSI specification Occupied bandwidth (OBW)

Adjacent Channel Leakage Power Ratio (ACLR)

Spectrum Emission Mask (SEM)

fCarrier f

Channel bandwidth = 5 MHz

Signal bandwidth = 4.68 MHz

Occupied Bandwidth


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OBW is defined as the frequency range where 99% of the spectral power isconcentrated

Adjacent Channel Leakage Power Ratio


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The spectral power ismeasured in the adjacentchannels

Receiving filter ispostponed by 5 and 10MHz from the carrierfrequency

Power is measured and

displayed as a bar

Channel power is set to thereference O dB

Analyse the impact to theneighbour channels

To detect small interferrerthe SEM is used (see nextslide)

Spectrum Emission Mask


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High-resolution spectral analysis of the WCDMA signal out of the used frequencychannel

30-kHz-RBW1)-Filer is used up to 3.5 MHz and 1-MHz-RBW-Filter for 3.5 12.5 MHz

The spectral power in the frequency area should not exceed specified limits (see ETSI

spec.)

-66 dBm

-50 dBm

~15 dB

dBkHz

MHz15

30

1log10

=

Related to a resolution of 1 MHz

Related to a resolution of 30 kHz

1) Resolution BandWidth

Limits for OBW, ACLR and SEM


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Call ModeRX measurements

Evaluation of the receiver


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Dynamic range of a WCDMAreceiver

Evaluation of the receiver with aBit Error Rate (BER) /

BLock Error Rate (BLER)measurement

Reference Sensitivity Level (RSL)describes thesensitivity of the UE that the used

BER measurementdoes not exceed a specific limit

-106.7 dBm

-25 dBm

Sensitivity ofWCDMAreceiver: 81.7dB

-50 dBm

Dynamic range of a

WCDMA transmitter: 83

dB

Depends on the powerclass of the mobile


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440xMobile Phone Tester Series

http://www.willtek.com

Documents

Measurements With 440x WCDMA