Mechanical EmphasisTimothy R. Nolan Baltimore, Maryland April 17, 2003 Consultant – Mr. Freihaut

Mechanical EmphasisMechanical Emphasis Timothy R. NolanTimothy R. Nolan

Baltimore, Maryland

April 17, 2003

Consultant – Mr. Freihaut


Presentation OutlinePresentation Outline

• Existing ConditionsExisting Conditions

• Mechanical Existing ConditionsMechanical Existing Conditions

• Mechanical RedesignMechanical Redesign

• Electrical BreadthElectrical Breadth

• Structural BreadthStructural Breadth

• CostsCosts

• Conclusion/RecommendationsConclusion/Recommendations

• AcknowledgementsAcknowledgements

• QuestionsQuestions








• CostsCosts





BackgroundBackground

• 6 – Stories, Multi-use Building6 – Stories, Multi-use Building

• 216,000 Total square feet – 12,300 square feet of retail216,000 Total square feet – 12,300 square feet of retail


LocationLocation


Project TeamProject Team

Owner:Owner: Bond Street Wharf Bond Street Wharf

Architect: Architect: RTKL Inc.RTKL Inc.

Structural Engineers:Structural Engineers: RTKL Inc.RTKL Inc.

MEPT Engineers: MEPT Engineers: RTKL Inc.RTKL Inc.

Civil Engineers:Civil Engineers: STV Inc.STV Inc.

Interior/Graphic Designers:Interior/Graphic Designers: RTKL Inc.RTKL Inc.

Landscape Architects:Landscape Architects: Mahan Rykiel Mahan Rykiel AssociatesAssociates

Prime Contractor:Prime Contractor: Struever Bros. Eccles & Struever Bros. Eccles & RouseRouse


ArchitectureArchitecture

• Modeled after the Terminal WarehouseModeled after the Terminal Warehouse

• Typical red brick façade Typical red brick façade

• Long and narrowLong and narrow

•Waterfront promenade, terrace on the Waterfront promenade, terrace on the roof roof and boat dockand boat dock








• CostsCosts





Mechanical SystemMechanical System

• 13” Tall raised floor system with electric 13” Tall raised floor system with electric reheat around the perimeterreheat around the perimeter

• Removable floor panels with occupant Removable floor panels with occupant controlled diffuserscontrolled diffusers


Condenser Water Loop Condenser Water Loop (Source)(Source)

CRV

EWT 95°F2600 GPM

CT-1433 TONS

CRBV

CRV

CSV

P-2: 2600 GPM

HX-1: 1300 GPM

HX-2: 1300 GPM

TT

FM

P-1: 2600 GPM

95°F

85°F

LWT 85°F2600 GPM

CRV-HX-1

CRV-HX-2

85°F

95°F

CT-2433 TONS

CRBV

CSV

FROM AHU

FROM AHU

TO AHU

TO AHU


Condenser Water Loop Condenser Water Loop (Load) (Load)

87°F

HX-1: 1300 GPM

HX-2: 1300 GPM

97°F P-5: 1300 GPM

ET-244.4 GAL

AS-21300 GPM

CSV-HX-2

87°F

FM

AS-11300 GPM87°F

CSV-HX-1

97°F

ET-1 33.6 GAL

CSV

P-4: 1300 GPM

P-3: 1300 GPM

AHU-6S97°F

TO TENANT CONDENSER WATER

TO SOUTH SIDE

TO NORTH SIDE

TO CT

FROM CT

FROM CT

TO CT








• CostsCosts





About Heat PumpsAbout Heat Pumps

• Use earth/water as a heat sink in the summer Use earth/water as a heat sink in the summer and a heat source in the winterand a heat source in the winter

• Summer - Take heat from the building and Summer - Take heat from the building and discharge into the ground/waterdischarge into the ground/water

• Winter – Transfer heat from the ground/water to Winter – Transfer heat from the ground/water to the buildingthe building

•Five types of installation: Ground (Vertical and Five types of installation: Ground (Vertical and Horizontal), Ground Water (Open and Closed) and Horizontal), Ground Water (Open and Closed) and Surface WaterSurface Water


Benefits Benefits

• Low energy costs – 25% to 50% than Low energy costs – 25% to 50% than conventional systemsconventional systems

• Low maintenance costLow maintenance cost

• Design flexibility Design flexibility

• AestheticsAesthetics


Heat Pump CriteriaHeat Pump Criteria

• Is the body of water deep enough?Is the body of water deep enough?

• What are the summer and winter water What are the summer and winter water temperatures?temperatures?

• Is there enough water area for the coils?Is there enough water area for the coils?

• Does the surface of the water freeze? Does the surface of the water freeze?


Chesapeake Bay ConditionsChesapeake Bay Conditions

25 Feet deep25 Feet deepPlenty of room for CoilsPlenty of room for CoilsAverage Bay temperaturesAverage Bay temperatures

July – 80 July – 80 ooFF

Winter – 40 Winter – 40 ooFF


Load CalculationsLoad Calculations

• Carrier E20-II HAP 4.10Carrier E20-II HAP 4.10

• Design conditions of .4%Design conditions of .4%

• Max cooling load occurs at July 1500Max cooling load occurs at July 1500

Cooling (Summer) Heating (Winter)

Indoor Outdoor Indoor Outdoor

74-78 F 93 F DB 70-74 F31 F

50-60 % RH 78 F WB 20-30 % RH


Heat Pump SizingHeat Pump Sizing

• No < 95% to no > 125% sensible cooling loadNo < 95% to no > 125% sensible cooling load

Heating

Location Sensible

Btu/HrLatent Btu/Hr

Total Cooling Load

(Btu/Hr)

Heating Btu/Hr

Unit Capacity (MBH)

Total Capacity (MBH)

125% of Sensible Load

(MBH)

Unit Capacity (MBH)

Total Unit Capacity (MBH)

1S 483,067 61,636 544,703 111,350 2 45 90 283 566 604 Y 308 6152N 589,922 75,389 665,311 101,478 2 45 90 324 648 737 Y 308 6152S 467,386 73,575 540,961 84,669 2 45 90 283 566 584 Y 308 6153N 514,471 76,625 591,096 89,664 2 45 90 324 648 643 Y 308 6153S 467,821 73,653 541,474 84,669 2 45 90 283 566 585 Y 308 6154N 514,471 76,625 591,096 89,664 2 45 90 324 648 643 Y 308 6154S 490,734 100,199 590,933 84,669 2 45 90 283 566 613 Y 308 6155N 531,164 76,665 607,829 109,168 2 45 90 324 648 664 Y 308 6155S 488,148 73,561 561,709 109,111 2 45 90 283 566 610 Y 308 6156N 524,019 71,371 595,390 149,976 2 45 90 324 648 655 Y 308 6156S 464,761 69,154 533,915 135,045 2 45 90 283 566 581 Y 308 615

Totals 5,535,964 828,453 6,364,417 1,149,463 22 990 3,318 6,636 6,920 3,383 6,765

AHU Heat Pump

Cooling

GPMTotal GPM

Cooling HeatingUnder

125% Sen Cool Load**

Number of Units


Coil SizingCoil Sizing

• Summer Approach = 10 Summer Approach = 10 ooFF

• Winter Approach = -5 Winter Approach = -5 ooFF

280 Feet/Ton280 Feet/Ton

310 Feet/Ton310 Feet/Ton

LC= August Ft/Ton x Total Building Sensible Cooling (Btu/Hr) / 12,000 LC= August Ft/Ton x Total Building Sensible Cooling (Btu/Hr) / 12,000 Btu/Hr/TonBtu/Hr/Ton

LH= Winter Ft/Ton x Total Building Heating (Btu/Hr) / 12,000 Btu/Hr/TonLH= Winter Ft/Ton x Total Building Heating (Btu/Hr) / 12,000 Btu/Hr/Ton

Q = 3 Gpm/Ton x Total Building Sensible Cooling (Btu/Hr) / 12,000 Q = 3 Gpm/Ton x Total Building Sensible Cooling (Btu/Hr) / 12,000 Btu/Hr/TonBtu/Hr/Ton

August Design

EWT (F)

Winter Design

EWT (F)

August Bay Temp

Winter Bay Temp

Summer Approach

Winter Approach

August Ft/Ton

Winter Ft/Ton

Lcool (Ft)Lheat

(Ft)

Q (Gpm)

90 45 80 40 10 5 280 310 129,172 29,694 1,384


Coil LayoutCoil Layout

• 500 Feet/Bundle500 Feet/Bundle

• Total Length / 500 Ft/Bundle = 259 BundlesTotal Length / 500 Ft/Bundle = 259 Bundles

• Total Gpm / Number of Bundles = 5.35 Total Gpm / Number of Bundles = 5.35 Gpm/BundleGpm/Bundle

1 1/2"2"3"

3"

4"

6"

6"

8"

8" 8"

2ND FLOOR NORTH

3RD FLOOR NORTH

4TH FLOOR NORTH

5TH FLOOR NORTH

6TH FLOOR NORTH

6"

8"

8" 8"

1 1/2"2"3"

3"

4"

6"

6"

8"

17 Run outs of 8 17 Run outs of 8 CoilsCoils13 Run outs of 8 Coils and 13 Run outs of 8 Coils and

3 Run outs of 9 Coils3 Run outs of 9 Coils


Coil LayoutCoil Layout

1 1/2" Butt Tee2"-2"-1 1/2" Butt Tee

3"-3"-1 1/2" Butt Tee

3" Elbow

2" to 1 1/2" Reducer3" to 2" Reducer

1 1/2"-1 1/2"-1 1/2" Butt Tee

500' COIL OF 1 1/2" HDPE PIPE

RETURN HEADER

SUPPLY HEADER

Typical Pipe ConnectionTypical Pipe ConnectionElevation View of CoilsElevation View of Coils


Heat Pump LayoutHeat Pump Layout

From AHU

To AHU

Heat Pump Heat Pump ClearanceClearance

3-D view of Pipe Diagram (Cooling Mode)3-D view of Pipe Diagram (Cooling Mode)


Controls Controls

• Differential pressure sensor near the furthest Differential pressure sensor near the furthest heat pumpheat pump

• DP sensor connects to a variable speed pump DP sensor connects to a variable speed pump control system that controls the pumps.control system that controls the pumps.

PURGE VALVE

HP HP

VS DRIVE

DP


Removal of EquipmentRemoval of Equipment

• 2 – Cooling towers2 – Cooling towers

• 2 – Heat exchangers2 – Heat exchangers

• 3 – Pumps 3 – Pumps

• Pipe associated with equipmentPipe associated with equipmentT


CostCost

• RS Means Mechanical Cost Data 2003RS Means Mechanical Cost Data 2003

• Heat Pump - $711,180Heat Pump - $711,180

• Fittings, Pipe and Pump - $218,932Fittings, Pipe and Pump - $218,932

Total Cost = $930,112Total Cost = $930,112

• Cooling towers - $84,200Cooling towers - $84,200

• Heat exchangers - $70,668Heat exchangers - $70,668

• Pumps - $91,170Pumps - $91,170

• Pipe and fittings - $207,743Pipe and fittings - $207,743

Total Savings = $454,401Total Savings = $454,401

Cost Difference = $ Cost Difference = $ 475,711475,711








• CostsCosts





ObjectiveObjective

MCC MAINS: 480 MCB MLO BUS AMPS: 1200 MIN KAIC: 65LOCATION: MECH RM ROOF LEVEL 3PHASR VOLT 480/277MOUNTING:FREE STANDING ENCL NEMA 1 GROUND Y PHASE: 3 WIRE: 4 CU

P W Code TA Type NEMA Sets Wire (AWG)GRD

(AWG) COND

1 P3 17 0 52 40 N N 3 3 5 40 Therm Mtg CB 1 1 (3) #4 #10 1"2 P4 18 0 52 40 N N 3 3 5 40 Therm Mtg CB 1 1 (3) #4 #10 1"3 P5 19 0 52 40 N N 3 3 5 40 Therm Mtg CB 1 1 (3) #4 #10 1"4 EF-1 30 0 1.5 1 N N 3 3 5 20 Therm Mtg CB 1 1 (3) #12 #12 3/4"5 EF-2 31 0 1.5 1 N N 3 3 5 20 Therm Mtg CB 1 1 (3) #12 #12 3/4"6 OAHU-1 24 0 190 30 N N 3 3 5 300 Therm Mtg CB 1 1 (3) 350 KCM #4 2-1/2"7 OAHU-2 25 0 190 30 N N 3 3 5 300 Therm Mtg CB 1 1 (3) 350 KCM #4 2-1/2"8 CT-1 1 40 40 30 N N 3 3 5 30 Therm Mtg CB 1 1 (3) #6 #10 3/4"9 CT-2 2 40 40 30 N N 3 3 5 20 Therm Mtg CB 1 1 (3) #6 #12 3/4"

10 CT-1-HEATER-1 41 0 12 - N N 3 3 5 20 Therm Mtg CB 1 1 (3) #12 #12 3/4"11 CT-1-HEATER-2 42 0 12 - N N 3 3 5 20 Therm Mtg CB 1 1 (3) #12 #12 3/4"12 CT-2-HEATER-1 43 0 12 - N N 3 3 5 20 Therm Mtg CB 1 1 (3) #12 #12 3/4"13 CT-2-HEATER-2 44 0 12 - N N 3 3 5 20 Therm Mtg CB 1 1 (3) #12 #12 3/4"14 B-I:BOILER 60 0 72 - N N 3 3 4 125 Therm Mtg CB 1 1 (3) #1 #6 1-1/4"15 EF-3 68 0 0.3 1 N N 3 3 4 20 Therm Mtg CB 1 1 (3) #12 #12 3/4"16 SPARE - 20 0 - N N 3 3 7 20 Therm Mtg CB 1 - - - -17 SPARE - 20 0 - N N 3 3 7 20 Therm Mtg CB 1 - - - -18 SPARE - 20 0 - N N 3 3 7 20 Therm Mtg CB 1 - - - -19 SPARE - 0 0 - N N 3 3 7 20 Therm Mtg CB 1 - - - -20 SPARE - 0 0 - N N 3 3 7 20 Therm Mtg CB 1 - - - -

NFEEDERCB

Item No. Service Eq No FLA kVA HPI

G

• To resize the Motor Control CenterTo resize the Motor Control Center

• Resize the feeder to the MCCResize the feeder to the MCC

• Calculate the savings from the resizing and Calculate the savings from the resizing and wires to wires to the removed equipment the removed equipment


Electrical ConditionsElectrical Conditions

ExistingExisting• MCC - 1000 MCC - 1000

AmpsAmps

• Feeder - 3 sets Feeder - 3 sets of 4 #400 MCM of 4 #400 MCM

• Wires to Wires to EquipmentEquipment

NewNew• MCC - 300 MCC - 300 AmpsAmps• Feeder - 3 sets Feeder - 3 sets of 4 of 4 3/0 THW3/0 THW


Electrical CostElectrical Cost

NameConductor Conduit

TotalType Length $/Length Type Length $/Length

P3 #4 120 $123.00 1" 40 $2.90 $14,876

P4 #4 156 $123.00 1" 52 $2.90 $19,339

P5 #4 192 $123.00 1" 64 $2.90 $23,802

CT-1 #6 330 $92.50 3/4" 90 $2.15 $30,719

CT-2 #6 360 $92.50 3/4" 100 $2.15 $33,515

CT-1-HEATER-1 #12 330 $45.50 3/4" 90 $2.15 $15,209

CT-1-HEATER-2 #12 330 $45.50 3/4" 90 $2.15 $15,209

CT-2-HEATER-1 #12 360 $45.50 3/4" 100 $2.15 $16,595

CT-2-HEATER-2 #12 360 $45.50 3/4" 100 $2.15 $16,595

$185,857

LengthOrginal

Conductor$/Length

New Conductor

$/LengthOrginal Conduit

$/LengthNew

Conduit$/Length

Total Savings

30 4 - 400MCM $610 4 - 3//0 $320 3 1/2" $28 2 1/2" $17 $218,597

Grand Total

Savings

$404,453








• CostsCosts





Existing Structural FrameExisting Structural Frame

• 4’-2” Elevation4’-2” Elevation


Frame RedesignFrame Redesign

• Cooling Tower weight Cooling Tower weight is 10,000lbsis 10,000lbs

• Dimensions – 8.5’ x Dimensions – 8.5’ x 10’10’

• Beam must remain at Beam must remain at 20’20’


Beam DesignBeam Design

From the LRFD From the LRFD ManualManual

W8x18W8x18

SHEAR

MOMENT

2.5 kips

-2.5 kips

12.5 kip-ft


Structural Costs SavingsStructural Costs Savings

• Original Cost - $4,900Original Cost - $4,900

• New Cost - $1,192New Cost - $1,192

• Cost Savings -Cost Savings - $3,708$3,708








• CostsCosts





Heat Pump Costs/SavingsHeat Pump Costs/Savings

• Mechanical Savings -$454,401Mechanical Savings -$454,401

• Electrical Savings - $404,453Electrical Savings - $404,453

• Structural Savings - $3,708Structural Savings - $3,708

Total Savings - $862,562Total Savings - $862,562

• Heat Pump Costs - $711,180Heat Pump Costs - $711,180

• Fittings, Pipe and other materials - Fittings, Pipe and other materials - $218,932$218,932

Total Costs - $930,112Total Costs - $930,112

Cost Difference = Cost Difference = $67,550$67,550


Payback PeriodPayback Period

• Data was taken from Existing Buildings with Data was taken from Existing Buildings with Heat Pump.Heat Pump.

Payback Period = 3.4 Payback Period = 3.4 yearsyears

Heat Pump

Operation and Maintainence

Orginal Design

Operation and Maintainence

Difference

1 930,112 947,712 862,562 899,962 47,7502 947,712 965,312 899,962 937,362 27,9503 965,312 982,912 937,362 974,762 8,1504 982,912 1,000,512 974,762 1,012,162 -11,6505 1,000,512 1,018,112 1,012,162 1,049,562 -31,4506 1,018,112 1,035,712 1,049,562 1,086,962 -51,2507 1,035,712 1,053,312 1,086,962 1,124,362 -71,0508 1,053,312 1,070,912 1,124,362 1,161,762 -90,8509 1,070,912 1,088,512 1,161,762 1,199,162 -110,650

10 1,088,512 1,106,112 1,199,162 1,236,562 -130,45011 1,106,112 1,123,712 1,236,562 1,273,962 -150,250








• CostsCosts





Conclusion/Conclusion/RecommendationsRecommendations

• Higher Initial Cost of $67,550Higher Initial Cost of $67,550

• Payback Period of 3.4 yearsPayback Period of 3.4 years

• Install Heat Pump system instead of Install Heat Pump system instead of condenser water loopcondenser water loop

• Integrate Heat Pumps system early in Integrate Heat Pumps system early in designdesign








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AcknowledgementsAcknowledgements

RTKL Inc.RTKL Inc.Dr. Freihaut – Mechanical ConsultantDr. Freihaut – Mechanical ConsultantJay Sekel – Structural ConsultantJay Sekel – Structural ConsultantFamily – Mom and BrotherFamily – Mom and BrotherGirlfriend – Loan Girlfriend – Loan AE FacultyAE FacultySharon Williams – Backbone of AESharon Williams – Backbone of AEJonathanJonathanPartner in Crime – Kevin AnglePartner in Crime – Kevin AngleAE StudentsAE StudentsRoommates – Courtney, Courtney 2, ErinRoommates – Courtney, Courtney 2, ErinThe Big Man’s ClubThe Big Man’s Club








• CostsCosts





Questions?Questions?


• Motor Full Load Current – NEC 430-150

• NEC 430-22: Conductor Must be Sized for 125% of FLC

• Conductors – NEC 310-16

• Conduit – NEC Table C1

• NEC Table 1 Ch. 9: Only 40% of Conduit to be Filled

• Circuit Breakers – NEC 440-22

Mechanical EmphasisMechanical Emphasis Timothy R. NolanTimothy R. NolanTimothy Nolan The Bond Street Wharf Timothy Nolan The Bond Street Wharf MechanicalMechanical

Documents

Mechanical EmphasisTimothy R. Nolan Baltimore, Maryland April 17, 2003 Consultant – Mr. Freihaut