Mechanical principals of equipment in the gymnasium

Parallel bars

• Help people regain their strength, balance, range of motion, and independence. 

• For people recovering from injuries, illnesses, and other debilitating conditions

• Parallel bars are important items of physical therapy, rehabilitation, and exercise equipment.

Type of Exercises

• Co ordination & balance exercises – Pt with coordination problems, typically resulting from strokes or brain trauma

• Ambulation exercises - improve a patient’s ability to walk independently or with assistance develop or improve the range of motion of their joints as well as develop any lost muscle strength

• General conditioning exercises - combines range-of-motion, muscle-strengthening, and ambulatory exercises to counteract effects from being in a wheelchair for a sustained period of time or from prolonged bed rest and immobilization

• Gait training

Wall bars• Exercises to condition such as scoliosis, balance problems, co- ordination problems

• Increase stability and confidence of patients and provide support

Static Cycle• In comparison with other exercises cycling is a

relatively ‘knee friendly’ activity

• Can help to improve knee joint mobility and stability

• Cycling is frequently used as a rehabilitation exercise modality after knee injury or surgery as well as part of the management of chronic

degenerative conditions such as

osteoarthritis

• Bicycle has a number of features that make it a particularly good tool for knee rehabilitation: Non weight-bearing

Low impact

Uses a range of motion that is needed for

most activities of daily living

Controlled movement

Variable resistance

Stable position

Cyclic movement nourishes joint cartilage

Closed kinetic chain exercise

Cardiovascular (aerobic) exercise activity

Shoulder Wheel

• Mobilizing the shoulder complex• Improve the abduction & external rotation

movements• Use in patients with frozen shoulder, after

fractures

Shoulder Ladder

• Piece of rehabilitative equipment most often used to help improve the flexibility of shoulder following injury or surgery

• Mounted on a wall and is used to treat shoulder conditions like a broken shoulder blade, stiffness

Shoulder flexion Exercises• Stand far enough away from the ladder that have

to stretch out your arm to reach it and begin with your fingers at a comfortable level toward the bottom of the ladder Keep your back straight throughout this exercise

Shoulder Adduction Exercise• affected shoulder to the side of the finger ladder

and reach out away from your body to rest your fingers on the bottom of the ladder with your arm at an approximate 30-degree angle from the center of your body

Stair case

• Improve strength. Power, flexibility, cardiovascular conditioning

• Improve lower limb mobility & strength

Suspension apparatus• Bed with slings and springs• Eliminate gravity and facilitate movementsImprove ranges in jointsImprove strength in muscle

• Use in patients with– Muscular dystrophy– Nerve lesions ( peripheral )– Fractures & limbs with disuse atrophy

Pulleys

• Simple to use for re-building muscles and increasing range of motion.

• Dual overhead pulley offers extra stability and can be used with weights on one handle to counterbalance the strength• Use in stiff shoulder, painful arc

syndrome, weakness in upper limbs

Tilt Bed

Patient who are unable to stand on his lower limbs because of muscular weakness or spinal cord lesion

• Use to minimize postural hypotension• Improve blood circulation towards the heart • Minimize osteoporotic changes in immobile

patients

Use• Transfer the patient to the tilting

bed• Tie straps holding patient to the

bed• Slowly increase the angle• Keep about 5min in a angle and

slightly increase• If pt feels dizziness /vertigo bring

the bed back to supine position

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