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Mech..ni c..1 O esig n Of C o lli n5 Am..te ur Equipment
by F-' luh_U02 11m "", Tr~j l
Soc"-. TIl. 7504lI
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17L-2 VHF ai rborne vo ice tra nsmitter d esi gn ed in 1l,l4Rf49. Art wulfsb c rg, EI:; Fw djohnson, M E.
the se rvice. My hea vy in teres t in highquali ty a udio origi nall"J w ith the d es ign a nd const ruc t io n o f pre-war ampli fil' rs for so u nd reinfnrcemcn f. Snm ewere used for w hat would today beca lled "disco" ap p lica t ions . Later, I bu iltpos t-war Will iam sons , and U ltra lin ea rs, as soo n as th ey were kn own .
After th e w ar, I was in fl'I' led w ith aninten se in ter est in desig n and con struction of FM H'Ct'i VI 'TS, for the ir FI andnoise -free p rom ise. I liberated someacorn tubes w hr-n they were firs t ava ilab le . T hey w ere "ro m a n tic ". Th e yworked well in till' 50 MHz range. Remem ber, I;M w as s l ill on thl' lo w ba ndThat wa s before thesh ift to HH~ IOH M l lz•• m ega cycles the n!
Thi s latter effort, in to FM J{ F/ IF/Li miter I Dtscnmmatordcstgn and construct ion, con tin ued at moderate level unt ilab out '60. It then became a fu ll scalepush , J had a serious ca se of the ho ts toreceiv e "C ood Mu s ic" s ta t ion WFMTfr orn C hicago. At CoJlins, I wa s of cou rsein Ced a r Rapid s , Iow a, 200 m ill'S di stant. This q ues t h-ad to , in addition to
11
tho construct io n o fan ad vanced receiveritself, the rrmstrucnon of a 72 -ft . lilt ove-r tower, twin s tacked t n-clcmon tcen ter-ba nd - tu ned Yilgi s , sp ec ially construct cd ai r-s pac ed 3/4" COppt'f tuberig id 75-o h m coa x down-h-ad , withstretche d- to-dia meter inner cond uc to r,3()()-oh m -to-75-n hm balu n d esign (w ithR.E. help) , and, p urchasi ng ,I lot andhui ldi ng a house Oil the second-highesthill in town . The house loca tion w as,u ra ngl'd o n the lot so the towe r ba sewa s within a 12 foot f11' Xco a x run of th erecei ve r in p u t connector. Ha ms haveno co rn e r on Ianat icisrn! I s t ill have tha treceiver. I co u ld n't bear to di scard it.But th is is a co n tinu ing sto ry.
The quest to receive WFM T w as anill u m ina ting lesson in rea l s ta t is t ics !Wit h th is rig , m y reception fro m C h it'ago was in the hi gh 90'Y.. ra nge. O n thatbas is, the project could probably hejudged a succes s. BUT,and thi s is a ve rybi g but, there is n o in nova tive way inthe world to inject a co up le pl'Tcellt offad e nuixe, airp lane flu t ter, o r muting - no matter ho w it is dt st r tbu tcd - and
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was w hen we had the p rog rammerspfl'p;ln' a table o f Slluilfl 'S o f in h'gt' rSfrom I to 100 ,000. Wt' ha d these tab lesprinted and d is tributed . This wa s furuse in precisio n gl'ar cen te- r coordtna teca lcu la tio ns. The slid e rule fel l f"r sho rto f fll'CC'Ssary precision. I'lK"k t ' l ca lcu lato rs were s till far in the fu ture. Il owcr ude that looks tod a y. Yet, it madepos sib le d es ign o f gear cen ter loca tionaccuracies to 5 places in rec ord shorttime.
Mechanical d t'Sign (If Co lli ns tun ingmechan isms a lm ost alway s includ ed,m dlys is o f t he e ffec t s o f d ifft'n'nti .llth e rma l expansions. M"tt'ri .ll dwiecswe re ma de accordingly. I low thl'Sl' af Icctcd tu ning sta bili ty W .1S the Issue.There was a lso a co ns cious effnrt tocalibra te d ial m ar kin gs so their read abflity ag rt'('d wi th act ua l ,Kcu racy ofthe co ntro lled va ria ble. This is so mething Arth ur wanted us tu be fas tidiousabout . If yo u co u ld rea d it ttl ,1k l l'l., thl'ntha t' s w h at it wa s ·· and vu-e versa . Wesa w Ilagrant violnt io ns e! Ih is prtnciphin so m e co m petitive equipments.
Th e author ~c(' iv jng30year Col l ins service pin fro m Hob Mullal ey in 1918, w hi le VI'of m icro wave eng tneeri ng.
grammed for elem enta l RI: filler d es ign . What a co m pa riso n to w ha t' s rou tine today!
It's o nly fa ir to say here somew he retha t more t;uud mechanica l engint,,'ringwas done by E.E.'s a t Collins, than w asgood elcctrtcal cngtneering d one byM.E.'s . Many o f those E.E.'s art' s ti llfrie nds. They d eserve recognition. Remember though, thai w he n one gUt-os tolook at a pot ential p u rchase , what do yo useetTbc mechani ca Ithings, not electrons.
Ar thur Collins s trongly en cou ragedth e USt' of co m p u ters fo r d esi gn a ndsim u la tion p u rpo:-;es . It became- a majorissue in hi s p la ns fur the o rganization .As he fO Tt-' !HI W the fu ture of co m p u tersin ulosign and manufacturing, he co rnm unlrated hi s v isio ns repeatedly, a ndin many forms. Fo r so me engincl'r s 'lnumanagt' rs the mess'lge was u nderstand able thuugh very d iff icu lt to Implementon Arthu r's sc hed ule a nd at that time .For others, th e co ncep ts were unfa th omab le . Hut , tha t' s p a r t o f a muchbroader s tory . The ea rli es t m echani caldes ign u~' (If the mai nframe I rec all
11
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Mechan ical Ih'si /o;n of Co ll ins Amateu r Eq u ipOlen I
by r ..... John.. .../0202 II ilUop T u ilS«h>#, n : 7-..r ••o
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,.",. N£ W t:XClIISf~'i'
y.JJoC' Hr DHAu UC LIFT j WATHlR,,' ce-orU•• ~o.x" ':<;" "''''-
~.." "'"wt""II, ._ ""_N''''',.." J" ~<l,~ ". <:<lNIN<J .>cO'" -<:"" <>~'''1''l< r"'''''''''DD_~", ~""srD"'1""" "'''' ' ''0<'''' "0""""" . " ,.~IS ,_ 'IT oAl".,,",".... . . rN£ ,ffHU MA" et1fI'PANf ,,_ . ' ",," .._
Mecha ni calE nginet>rsat Co l lins so metim es had s lTange begi nnings. This swathe-wasde signed in 1947 by Bob G ris wold (w ho la te r des igned th e R~390) and the au thor.
The KWM- I ap parent ly s t im ulatedAr thur Co lli ns' re roj.;n ition that the oldblack w ri nkle a nd p lain ~ ray bo xesweren't ~o i n~ to cut it s tylewise in to thefut ur e . Il l' made it know n that so methi nl; more mod ern or professional wasneed ed . We hod an lntemallndustrtalDes ig nt'r w ho m we ta xed wi th comtngup w ith som t,thing bett er. The KWM -2was an Inlti a l trfa l . The perfora ted case,ex truded a lu m inu m fro nt nma nd twotone gray pa int joh were rho s t,ut ingp oint.
The KWM -2 wa s In troduced in 1959,on the down hill side nf a ma teur equipment d evelop m ent a t Co llins. li s devolop me n t ca r rh-d forw ard mimy provt'nfea tures . II in trod uced a few that wereevolu ttunary, if n ot rev o lutionary .Maybe th e firs t to be notic ed wa s thefro n t s ty ling ri m on a perforated cas efor vcntfla tion and therma l co ntro l. O fspecia l note is the su rface "texture ' o fth e fro nt panel.
As l im e had gont' a lo ng , A rthurColl ins mad e it kn ow n that, in his opinion, the fro nt pa nels of th is new stylene ed ed a surfac e texture o f so me kind .Afte r we had ex perimen ted unsuccessfully wit h severa l pnlCt;'sst;'s tha i we had
11
the ca pability to do, A rt hur b ro ught inh is Hasselblad C,l Oll' r.l an d sa id thatsomet h ing like the n ubby lea th er w a init ha d would be nice. I can ' t tel l you ho wmany Iria ls were mad e to duplicate tha td fed . Bu t. the final so lu t io n was a nactual photogra p h of th e ca mera s u rfa re with nt'gati vt's sp ficcd and retouched to 11M ke a comp os ite th o s tzo o fthe pane l. It was u sed 10 exposep botorrcsl st on the alu m in u m p anelswhi ch were then che mi cal ly etched .When painte d , the su rface wasa reasonc blc d upl icat e of the ca mera . Thi spa nel fini sh was u sed th roughout the S·Line.
Ano ther s id el igh t is Ih ,1I the fo rm edtrim rtnga round th e pant'! was designedto be an alumin u m d ie cas tinl;. Bu t,because ex t rus to n d ies aft' n-latrvelychea p, ea rly product ion used ex tr ud eda nd fo rmed ring s. Piecewise th is wa smore oxpensive . Over the lift' o f the SLin t;' equiprne nts howe ve r, thousand smore fo rmed rings were used than wereneeded to jus ti fy the cost o f cas t ingdies . Bu t, p roduction re leases werene ve r for an individ ua l ru n o f su fficien ts ize to jus ti fy d ie tooli ng . Ma rketingtim idity, I l;ueSS!
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Mechan ical Design of Colli ns Amateur Equipment
by t ..-d Jo h n...nU 1I2 11i1h o p Tuils.ct-,n~r... 4
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pred et er mined ;lnglc. I rea d the stra insat high~>S 1 s t ress loca t ion s a t the base,con verlt'd to stress, and d ecided unad ditiona l gussets so the to wer wou ldhandle a nyth i n~ sho rt of a to rnad o .The re was one unfortunat e Incident inIhis ex e rcise . A cons tr uc ti o n truckbacked into soft sod on Arth u r Colli n s'next ..l OU T nt'i gh bor's back yard. Yo uca n't imagine ho w fast thai gol Itxed!
As a ma te u r t-qui p ment d cv el op mentprograms W Nl' fad ing , I W<l S called toan in-progress me eting nnt' Sa tu rdaymornin g as I ca me in to m y o ffice . I holdcome in 10 ca tch up on ot her th ings.Art hu r C ul1ins had collared pt'rhaps adozen o r s ligh tly mo re emh ryo n ic co mp uter (·ngi nt·c rs . The y we re se a le daround a long table in a co n fe re nceroo m. I took a seat in th e on -KoinKmeeting. It h)o k no lime al a ll 10 see th aiIh inKs were nol Ko inJo; well. Havingmissed the carliN p art o f the m t"t.'tin&- I
11
d id n't u nde rstand w ha t till' bas ic is sueswl;'rt' - .II\Js.lid Ml. lm mtod ioil lt'1y! ArthurCu llins !>tooJ u p at the h l'lckbu ,l rd a nd~oiIVt' me a 15-20 minute tu to rla l O il huwIransmis !>io ll l int'S work. II in clu d edImped ance vs . geometry. termin.lt iuns,rofh-cfions, a nd ho w th t' y rt'l .l lt' 10 a pp lical io n s in mulfllayer bold-pla nt's .Th in k ba ck ! Th e word ba ckpl.lnt, ha dha rd ly en tered Iht' l.lnguagt' ill th at lime.lt was a vt'ry inl t'nSot' It'ami n~ t'xpt-' ri t'nn'!!
Uplln co nclus ion o f that tuto ri al, themeett ng broke up. I n- rurned to myo Wn' lo do wha t I h.ld come in to do inthe morni ng. AI abo ut 2:30 tha t a t ternoon I loo ktodup from my d esk. Ar th u rColli ns was leani n g .'ga insl o ne s id t' o fm y office d oo r frame. Wh t'n he saw heha d m y at tention , he said : · You see ,Fwd, it' s all mechan ica l aft er an-. It ,w ing said that , hcleIt . I ll' kn ow m y bac kg round . ti t' had lailort'd the transrntss ion line su bject 10 m y ca p ab ili ty . Heused terms he kn ew I'd understand .
I've often though t o f tha t example ofpt' rsu n-to-pt'r,ion co mmun ica tion. Myreceive r was tu rned on . Its ba nd w idthwas as w ide a s I h ad . The transmi tterput out d signal consciously shaped 10m y recetvvr's Tt'sponse ch.Hilclt' r ist ics .The mt'Ssa gt' got Ihrough . Call il delibcrate sp read spec trum if you will .
As I thought back, I believe I saw atwin kit' in Arthur's eye. Ibelieve he go tso me jnll ies fro m ge tting hi s m t'ssa gl'across . Co lli ns computers were ea rty inthe ilpplicdt illn o f mul ttla ycr backplilnt"Su sing cenrrolled im pedance trans missio n lines. Ar thur 's fnresi~hl ha d stee redthat cou rse. I jusl happened 10 be in th atpa lh o f prog ress.
Those of us w h o knew Arth u r Cn llinso ften co mmen ted o n how Ia r ahead ofh is lime he was. Psttmates o f five tofift y yt'a rs wN cco m mon. 1coc tdn'r baves tu m bled on to a more timely and rel eva nt exam p le th an in the Dec . '93 issueof Surf ace Mount Technology. Th e megaztnc ca me o ut as Ihi s is being w ritten.
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