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Meconium Aspiration Syndrome
Presented by
Fred Hill, MA, RRT
Introduction
• Meconium is contents of fetal bowel. Usually not released until after birth.• Usually sterile without odor• Thick, tar-like dark green to black material
• Primarily a disease of term and postterm newborns with episodes of asphyxia before or during labor
• Meconium passage before birth in ~ 10-20% of births• Aspiration occurs in ~ 50% of meconium stained
newborns
Prevention
• Intubation immediately following delivery with suction applied to ET tube in depressed meconium stained infant
• Administration of 100% oxygen
Chest X-Ray
Irregular patchy infiltrates, often with hyperinflation
Treatment
• Hypoxemia treated with warmed, humidified oxygen
• Mechanical ventilation with PEEP• Broad-spectrum antibiotics
Complications
• Pneumonia• Pnemothorax: due to ball-valve
phenomenon• Persistent pulmonary hypertension• Tachypnea that persists even after the
need for oxygen has passed