COMMON ABBREVIATIONS MEANING:1. NPO -nil per os2. PRN -pro re nata3. AM -ante meridiem4. PM -post meridiem5. OD -oculus dexter6. OS -oculus sinister7. OU -oculus uterque

MEDICATIONSSubcutaneous injection- NORMAL WEIGHT ADULT

- #25 5/8 in @ 45 Degree angle- #25 3/8 @ 90 Degree angle

Subcutaneous injection-CHILD - ½ in @ 45 dgree angle- Pinch the tissue at the site and select a needle length that is half the width of the skinfold.- 45 degree angle if 1 inch was grasped- 90 degree angle if 2 inch was grasped

Intramuscular- ADULT, CHILDREN >1 YEAR OLD

- Ventrogluteal (gluteus medius)- Back, prone, or supine - Best: Supine with knees bent and raised

slightly towards the chest Intramuscular- 1 YEAR OLD AND YOUNGER - Middle third of vastus lateralisIntramuscular-DORSOGLUTEAL - Should not be used for children <3 years ld

unless the child has been walking for at least 1 year.

POSITION: prone with toes pointed inward or side lying position with upper knee flexed and in front of the lower leg.

IM-GLUTEUS MAXIMUS - Adult with well dev. Muscles—up to 3 mLIM- GLUTEUS MEDIUS - With less dev. Muscles—1-2 mLIM-DELTOID - 0.5- 1 mL onlyOtic instillations- <3 y.o - Pull pinna down and backOtic instillations- >3 y.o - pull pinna up and backNASAL INSTILLATION-adult - supine

- ethmoid and sphenoid- head at the edge - maxillary and frontal- supine with head

turned toward the sideNASAL INSTILLATION-children - head in upright position to avoid

swallowingMETER DOSE INHALER - disinfect weekly using one pint of water

and 2 ounces of vinegar- # of doses(puff) in canister/# of puffs per

day- Press once - Inhale slowly (3-5 sec)- Hold breath (10 sec)- Exhale (pursed lips)- Repeat if ordered--> wait for 20-30 sec

between inhalations “B before C---BRONCHODILATORS before CORTICOSTEROID”

Vaginal instillations - 8-10 cm (3-4 in) then remain in supine for 5-10 min.

Vaginal cream - 5 cm (applicator) then supine after for 5-10 min

Intermittent infusion devices- CENTRAL VENOUS ACCESS DEVICES

S- SALINEA- ADMINISTER DRUGS- SALINEH- HEPARIN

INSULIN—“CLEAR before CLOUDY”HEPARIN—Site: Abdomen 2 inches away the umbilicus and above iliac crest. DO NOT MASSAGE!

Category AAdequate and well-controlled studies have failed to demonstrate a risk to the fetus in the first trimester of pregnancy (and there is no evidence of risk in later trimesters).Example drugs or substances: levothyroxine, folic acid, magnesium sulfate,liothyronine

Category B

Animal reproduction studies have failed to demonstrate a risk to the fetus and there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women.Example drugs: metformin, hydrochlorothiazide, cyclobenzaprine, amoxicillin,pantoprazole

Category C

Animal reproduction studies have shown an adverse effect on the fetus and there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in humans, but potential benefits may warrant use of the drug in pregnant women despite potential risks.Example drugs: tramadol, gabapentin, amlodipine, trazodone, prednisone

Category D

There is positive evidence of human fetal risk based on adverse reaction data from investigational or marketing experience or studies in humans, but potential benefits may warrant use of the drug in pregnant women despite potential risks.Example drugs: lisinopril, alprazolam, losartan, clonazepam, lorazepam

Category X

Studies in animals or humans have demonstrated fetal abnormalities and/or there is positive evidence of human fetal risk based on adverse reaction data from investigational or marketing experience, and the risks involved in use of the drug in pregnant women clearly outweigh potential benefits.Example drugs: atorvastatin, simvastatin, warfarin, methotrexate, finasteride

Category N

FDA has not classified the drug.Example drugs: aspirin, oxycodone, hydroxyzine, acetaminophen, diazepam