Medieval Wedding Guide

8/14/2019 Medieval Wedding Guide

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V anessa Hand

M edieval W edding Guide


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House Drakstonne 1997 www.owl-lady.com [email protected]

About House DrakstonneAbout House Drakstonne

In Medieval times many families worked together to accomplish the many chores thatneeded to be done. Families would also take in other people from outside to help.These groups of people lived together in house 'holds'. A 'hold' is a protected area of avillage or castle. The house was given the name of the person who owned it, and thatwas how everyone referred to that home; for example House Smith, House Cooper, orHouse Drakstonne.

I was introduced to the Society for Creative Anachronisms in 1989, and wasenchanted. There were so many people who wanted to 'Live the Dream' and work

together. Several of my new friends and I got together often to learn more about theMiddle Ages and began sewing costumes and making jewelry at my home. I chose thename House Drakstonne to represent our group; Drakstonne means 'Stone of theDragon.' (I just love dragons!)

When I started selling jewelry and costumes at Medieval events, I was often asked formore medieval items people could not find. I added leather work and branched out intofeast gear (eating equipment). Feast gear was very important during the Middle Ages.People had a set they would carry with them when they traveled. This usuallyconsisted of a wooden bowl and a mug, but sometimes a plate and eating utensils,too. We searched through thrift shops all over the city, and collected a greatassortment of rescued feast gear.

When my own wedding was at hand, I gathered all the information I could on medievalweddings. When friends and family asked why? about a custom or a costume, Iwould do the research and find out. Over the past few years I have enjoyed being ableto share what I learned with other people planning their own medieval weddings, andhopefully making their wonderful day easier to plan.

I wish you brightest blessings!

Vanessa Hand

Owner, House Drakstonne


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2002 HandSpun PublishingText revised 1999 Vanessa HandBeard

First Published 1996 in US

All Rights Reserved.No part of this book may be reproduced or utilizedin any form or by any means, electronic ormechanical, without prior permission in writingfrom the Publisher.

CD created by Bill MartinCover illustration by Vanessa HandBeard

ISBN 0-9719562-0-0

HandSpun Publ ishing C ompany

www.intuitivetimes.com

Creators of electronic booksfor download and CD rom

Owner and Managing Editor, Vanessa HandBeard


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1997 House Drakstonne z - Historical FactP-Tip 6 - Time Saver$ - Money Saver- Don't Forget 2

T able of Contents and Master ChecklistT able of Contents and Master Checklist

6-18 Months Before

Contact A Wedding Consultant (Pg. 9)Budget Planning (Pg. 9)

Choose The Place/Date/Time Of Ceremony And Reception (Pg. 9)

Before The Ceremony (Pg. 9)Ceremony (Pg. 10)Plans For After The Ceremony (Pg. 10)Ceremony Sites (Pg. 10)Make Appointment With Person Performing Ceremony (Pg. 11)Colors (Pg. 11)Select Catering (Pg. 11)Reserve Photographer and Videographer (Pg. 11)Transportation (Pg. 12)

Hire Musicians For Ceremony (Pg. 12)Where To Look? ~ Recordings ~ PerformersFlowers (Pg. 13)

Decorating ~ Carrying ~ Herb and Flower Meanings

Rings (Pg. 14)Investigate Accommodations For Out Of Town Attendants (Pg. 15)Plan A Guest List With Names And Addresses (Pg. 15)Wedding Party (Pg. 15)Movie References (Pg. 15)Clothing!!! (Pg. 16)

Wedding Dress ~ Veil/Headpiece ~ Men ~ Women ~ Accessories ~ Shoe Pattern ~ Where To Find

Costumes ~ How To Make Costumes ~ Commercial Patterns

Getting Guests To Dress The Part (Pg. 20)

3 To 6 Months Before

Order Invitations, Programs And Thank You Notes (Pg. 23)Printing/Calligraphy/Embellishments ~ Paper ~ Presentation ~ Programs ~ Announcement Sample Texts

Invitation Mailing (Pg. 24)A Few Words On Sealing Wax

Reception Planning (Pg. 25)Hall ~ Entertainment ~ Tables ~ Words From The Guests

Food (Pg. 27)

Meat ~ Vegetables ~ Breads ~ Soups ~ Drinks ~ Desserts ~ Tips

Cake (Pg. 32)Honeymoon (Pg. 32)Ceremony Decoration (Pg. 33)Plan Rehearsal Dinner (Pg. 33)Order Wedding Band Engravings (Pg. 33)Keep A Record Of All Gifts Received (Pg. 33)Check That All Bridal Attire Has Been Ordered (Pg. 33)


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2 Months Before

Getting The Men Involved Too (Pg. 37)Order Favors For Reception (Pg. 37)

Garter ~ Other Favors

Shop For Wedding Accessories (Pg. 38)Confirm Flowers, Ceremony And Reception Reservations (Pg. 38)First Gown Fitting (Pg. 38)Start Addressing The Invitations (Pg. 38)

1 Month Before

Confirm Rehearsals (Pg. 41)Confirm Lodging For Out Of Town Guests (Pg. 41)Purchase Final Party Supplies, Wedding Album, Guest Book (Pg. 41)Gifts (Pg. 41)Have The Final Fitting On Your Wedding Attire (Pg. 41)Apply For Marriage License With Fiancee (Pg. 41)

1-2 Weeks BeforeFinalize Decorating And Flowers Schedules (Pg. 45)Give Caterer Final Guest Count (Pg. 45)Confirm All Costumes (Pg. 45)Confirm Reservations (Pg. 46)

Sites, Music, Photography, Videography, Transportation, Flowers, Food, Entertainment

Pick Up Honeymoon Tickets (Pg. 46)Pack For Honeymoon (Pg. 46)

Day Of The Wedding

Have Emergency Kit With You (Pg. 49)Get Hair Done (Pg. 49)Begin Dressing 1-1/2 Hours Before The Ceremony (Pg. 49)

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*Note: When something in the booklet is described as 'period', it refers to 'of that time period'.


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Sun is setting, and the clearing is quiet. Ribbons trail from branches high, and flower petals arestrewn about. Animals peer silently from hidings, wondering what this evening will bring.There is magic in the air, all can feel it; and then movement from the hill.....

People begin to arrive in the clearing, carrying a single candle not yet lit. Everyone is quietlymurmuring in delightful anticipation. As the people settle into the gathering, the musicians can beseen arriving. The light flute, and soft drum.... Someone is adding a harp but cannot be seen.

The monk arrives in a burst of energy (so unlike the friar) concerned about being late, and pullshimself together. People giggle as he passes, not able to help themselves, he is such a joyousperson.

The guests pull closer in a circle, the sun heavy with impending nightfall. The lighting of thecandles begin. In a circle the flame moves, one lighting the next until the circle is complete. Themusic changes ever so slightly to signal the bride and groom. They are eager to share this momentwith their friends and family, to declare their love for one another in a handfasting.


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Handfasting aHandfasting and the Medieval W eddingnd the Medieval W edding

"When we are handfasted, as we term it, we are man and wife for a year and a

day; that space gone by, each may choose another mate, or, at their pleasure,

may call the priest to marry them for life; and this we call handfasting." Sir

Walter Scott, The Monastery (1820), ch. 25.

Weddings during the Middle Ages were consideredfamily/community affairs. The only thing needed to create amarriage was for both partners to state their consent to take oneanother as spouses. Witnesses were not always necessary, norwas the presence of the clergy. At this celebration, the coupleexchanged gifts, (a ring, a piece of fruit, etc.) clasped hands andexchanged a kiss. The "vows" could be a simple as, "Will youmarry me?" "I will." The role of the clergy at a medieval weddingwas simply to bless the couple.In the later medieval period, the wedding ceremony moved from thehouse of the bride to the church. It began with a procession to thechurch from the bride's house. Vows were exchanged outside the

church. The priest gave the bride to the groom, and then everyonemoved inside for Mass. After Mass, the procession went back tothe bride's house for a feast. Musicians accompanied theprocession.

Modern Handfasting T raditionsModern Handfasting T raditions

The essential elements are thanking the Higher Power for bringingthis love into their lives. The cutting of the wedding cake usuallyincludes feeding each other a small portion, and you can make atoast to each other and drink out of the other's cup, to showcommitment to caring for each other.Jumping over a broom, or jumping over a crossed broom andsword (possibly held by the best man and the maid of honor)symbolizes the cutting of ties to parents and the ties being sweptaway.Medieval brides believed that knots symbolized good luck, hope,and steadfastness, so their bouquets were tied with numerousknots. Continue the tradition by giving your ushers tie clips or cufflinks adorned with sculpted knots, or adorn a ring pillow or

kneeling pillows with silken curtain cording knotted at each cornerand finished with tassels.

During the vows, have a friend bind your hands with a ribbon orembroidered cloth (try Celtic knots) while explaining the traditionto guests.


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NOT ESNOT ES

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It is by loving and by being loved that one can come nearest to the soul of another.

-- George McDonald


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6 to 18 Months Before6 to 18 Months Before

Contact a W edding Consultant

Budget P lanning

Choose T he P lace/ Date/ T ime Of Ceremony And Reception

Before T he Ceremony

Ceremony

P lans F or A fter T he Ceremony

Ceremony S ites

M ake Appointment W ith Person Performing Ceremony

Colors

Select Catering

Reserve Photographer and V ideographer

T ransportation

Hire M usicians F or Ceremony

F lowers

Rings

Investigate Accommodations F or Out Of T own Attendants

P lan A Guest L ist W ith Names And Addresses

W edding Party

M ovie References

Clothing!!!

Getting Guests T o Dress T he Part


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NOT E SNOT E S

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Love is but the discovery of ourselves in others, and the delight in the recognition.

-- Alexander Smith


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Contact A W edding ConsultantContact A W edding Consultant

This sounds very 'serious', but hiring a wedding plannercan cut your costs, plan your time, and make this mostimportant time in your life a joyous and memorable one.

Looking back at my own wedding, I can see many placeswhere a consultant would have saved me a few dollars,and a few arguments!

Budget PlanningBudget Planning--

Set a tentative budget. Choose the type of wedding. How big? How formal?

An Informal Wedding

Attendants: 1-3 For Each

Guests: 10-50Reception: Home / Restaurant

Entertainment: Pianist / Vocalist /

Tapes

Budget: $50-$3,000

A Semi-Formal Wedding

Attendants: 2 - 4 For Each

Guests: 50-100Reception: Country Club / Home /

Restaurant

Entertainment: 4 -Piece Band / DJ /

Budget: $3,000-$10,000

A Formal Wedding

Attendants: 4-8 For Each

Guests: 100-500Reception: Country Club / Home

Entertainment: 1-2 5-Piece Bands /

Orchestra

Budget: $10,000-$50,000+

Be realistic. Marriage is a life change, and carrying in more debts can put a strain on the best of people. If you must takeout a loan for your wedding, think it over carefully and weigh all the options, percentage rates and payments you will bepaying.

Choose PlaceChoose Place/DateDate/T ime Of Ceremony And ReceptionT ime Of Ceremony And Reception

Recently my sister-in-law became engaged. She and herfiancee have been trying to set a date. Sounds simpleenough, find a nice time of year and pick a weekend. He

is in school, and won't know when graduation will betaking place until later in the year. Families have to fly infrom out of town. Holidays fall into play. Vacation timehas to be scheduled, along with travel tickets to purchase(non-refundable in most cases). Reservations have to bemade early if it is a busy season.

Think about all these things, and when you have torn apartthe calendar you'll know it's time to take a breakRemember-- this is YOUR time, and if there is a specia

date the two of you want to pledge your love to eachother, that is what is important. You will remember it alyour lives. If there are people who cannot attend, make iup to them with a late reception sometime later in theyear when they can all get together, perhaps during theholidays.

BefoBefore T he Ceremonyre T he Ceremony

z Ancient Spartan soldiers were the first to hold stagparties. The groom would feast with his male friends onthe night before the wedding. There he would say good-bye to the carefree days of bachelorhood and swearcontinued allegiance to his comrades.

z A medieval tradition involving knots is for the motherof the bride to tie the bride's belt in three knots, which thehusband unties after the ceremony.

z The bride should carry three coins. One is given tothe groom, one to the family she is leaving, and onetossed into the street in front of her new home for luck.

Bring emergency repair and beauty items to thewedding, including a travel sewing kit, safety pins, hairspray, nail file, nail polish, extra stockings, etc.

6 Send out schedules letting your wedding party knowwhere they are needed and when (rehearsal, pictures,etc.) a few weeks before the big day.


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CeremonyCeremony

z Incorporate the traditional 'Bride Price' into the actualceremony. After the father escorts the bride to the altar,have the best man present the father with the bride

price.A bride price is what the groom offers the bride'sfamily in trade for their daughter's hand. The dowry iswhat the family gives her to bring into the marriage.

zBinding the hands of the bride and groom symbolizesthe joining of the bride and groom into a new family.

P If you have children attending the ceremony, askthem to help by handing out programs, candles, ribbons,etc.

PPersonalize the custom of walking under an arch asthey do in military weddings. Use something personal toboth of you.

PTry a woodland-inspired ring pillow, made of tufts ofmoss placed on a small tray and trimmed with ivy andflowers.

Plans F or After T he CeremonyPlans For After T he Ceremony

Decorating our wedding site were bright colored ribbons hung from surrounding trees, and from the rope sectioning off our

area. After the handfasting, while the Justice took us aside for the official 'paperwork', we had someone assist thevideographer and carry the long handfasting ribbon. We asked everyone to tie one of the small ribbons onto the largerone, and make a wish for us as they did that. Everyone loved itand it was also a great way to fill the time and clean upthe site!

PAn alternative to throwing rice is blowing bubbles.Hand out bottles and blowers before the ceremony starts.

zA fire should be started in the couples new home asthey return (if they don't have a fireplace, light a candle).A popular tradition in many countries is to escort thenewly married couple in a loud and happy parade to thereception. Hire a bagpiper or a Renaissance-style singingminstrel to lead the way melodically.

P If your Honeymoon trip doesn't begin right after yourreception, try a small post-reception party for your friendsand family.

z In Britain it's considered good luck if a charwoman(bag lady or street person) appears, begs a coin from

the couple on their way to their reception (and they giveher one). Celebrate your joy with a donation to youfavorite charity. Have your best man or maid of honor maiit on the day of your wedding.

zTying shoes to the bumper of the car represents thesymbolism and power of shoes in ancient timesEgyptians would exchange sandals when they exchanged

goods. When the father of the bride gave his daughter tothe groom, he would also give the brides' sandals to showthat she now belonged to the groom. In Anglo Saxontimes, the groom would tap the heel of the bride's shoe toshow his authority over her. In later times, people wouldthrow shoes at the couple, and now we just tie shoes totheir car.

Ceremony SitesCeremony Sites

PCheck local garden or park areas, and inquire whatthe restrictions are on decorating. The simplest site canlook wonderful with a pavilion, arch or flowers.

PCheck with area campgrounds. Many of them havewonderful wooded clearings perfect for an outdoorwedding. (And many have large picnic areas!)

P Check local restaurants, inns, hotels, parks(amusement parks as well), theme locations, for moreideas.P Find out if that expensive reception site youlove has special rates for off time of day or seasons.

P Check with a local Renaissance Festival foinformation on holding a wedding on site during the festivaseason.


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Make Appointment W ith Person PerformingMake Appointment W ith Person Performing

CeremonyCeremony

Do this far ahead, to find out your options. We had our

person all picked out, she even helped plan the wedding.It was special to us even more since she was married onthe same day a few years before. We got down to thelast month, and she suddenly had obligations thatprevented her from being in town the weekend of thewedding. We couldn't change the date, so we had toscramble to find someone else to conduct the wedding.We were honored to have a dear friend perform thehandfasting, but it could have been less traumatic if we

had weighed a few more options way back at the

beginning. If the person handfasting you is not ordainedmake sure to have arrangements with a Justice of thePeace. Book the Justice earlywe waited too long andwere just lucky that he was so curious about the weddingthat he raced across town between other weddings toofficiate at ours! He was there appearing as a guest, andthen we had a small ceremony with the witnesses tomake it official. (He had a great time, and we made hislist of top ten most unusual weddings.)

ColorsColors

P Choose meaningful colors to accent your wedding.Blue symbolized fidelity; green is the color of fertility; redis the color of love and joy. Include the meanings of thesecolors in the wedding program for guests.

P Use ribbons to define the alliances of families. Forexample, have the bride's family and guests wear greenand gold, the groom's blue and white. Distribute theribbons at the guest register or when everyone is arriving.While handing out the ribbons, explain the tradition.

Select CateringSelect Catering

This doesn't necessarily mean go out and hire aprofessional caterer if you cannot afford it. Ask around,maybe someone you know (or your fiancee knows) is ableto do this for a nominal fee plus the cost of food.

z In medieval times one of the most preciouscommodities was food. Traditionally the guests brought agift of food to the wedding, to help with the feast. Weimplemented that tradition in our wedding, wondering how

people would take it. They loved it! Guests broughtdishes to the feast, and in many cases the containers orplatters were the gift. We also received modern traditionawedding gifts, which surprised us. Most gifts weretraditionally food. The reception was at our home, and seup with a few banquet type tables to hold the food. If youdecide to try this (and I encourage it!) make sure there isample space for outlets, such as a power strip.

Reserve Photographer And V ideographerReserve Photographer And V ideographer

PSet up a special corner of the reception area for yourphotographer to take the photographs in a medievallooking setting. Add banners, props, goblets, etc.

PCheck the work of the videographer or photographerprior to the wedding. Sure it's nice for Uncle Pete to workthe camera for free, but is that what you want to recordthis special event?


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T ransportationT ransportation

z Before cars and limousines, male guests at Irish,Scottish, and German village weddings would kick off thecelebrations with a wild foot-race from the ceremony tothe reception.

Hire Musicians For CeremonyHire Musicians For Ceremony

Where To Look?

P Word of mouth is the best way to find a band oranything else for that matter.

PAsk caterers, restaurant workers.PCall local music stores, local universities.

PCheck the local paper's arts calendar for local clubscoffee houses, etc.

PTake an evening or two and go to all of the local clubsand bars. You get a ready-made audition this way.

Recordings

Medieval recordings are getting a bit easier to find, and

can help greatly. Appropriate music adds atmosphere,and can be inexpensive. Lyrichord has a wonderfulselection of authentic medieval music.

Supplier:Nick Fr itsch : Lyr ichord Discs Inc.

141 Perry Street

New York, NY 10014

Fax # 212 929 8245 Phone 212 929 8234Lyrichord www address: http://www.lyrichord.com/

Lyrichord E-Mail: [email protected]

Performers

zPeriod instruments include the flute, bagpipe, guitar,viol (forerunner of the violin), many types of horns, harp,drum (bhodrain or dhoumbek) and Irish pipes.

P Modern synthesizers can sound medieval at manysettings.

PA single harpist, Celtic piper, lute/mandolin player orharp and violin duo adds a magical touch.

P Have a wandering minstrel play love ballads duringthe receiving line.

z Irish dancers are wonderful entertainment during thereception.

zHave a trumpet (or voice) heralder at the entrance areaof the building.Check with local music groups at universities for a

madrigal choir. The students might just show up for theopportunity to perform (don't forget to invite them to stayfor the banquet.).

zHave a "loud and joyous noise" herald your walk upthe aisle.


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F lowersF lowers

Use herbs in the bouquet. It is even possible to include the roots in a flower water cap, and then the herbs can be planted ineach person's gardens after the ceremony. Ancients used herbs, not flowers, in bouquets because they felt herbs(especially garlic) had the power to cast off evil. If a bride carried sage (the herb of wisdom) she became wise; if she carried

dill (the herb of lust) she became lusty. Later flowers replaced herbs and took on meanings all their own.

Keep in mind that they did not have florists back then and many items that they used were dried. The bride's bouquet wasusually given to her by her mother and there was great significance in the types of items present in the arrangement. Forexample, the wheat was to wish the bride fertility, both in family matters as well as family crops. Usually there would besome flowers present which were native to the area around the bride's home, the groom's home, and 1 flower from where theywould live after marriage. This was more of a peasant custom since they usually could not afford rings and this symbolizedthe couple's joining.

Decorating Flowers

PPlace laurel branches, ivy trails or evergreens alongthe path of the bride and groom after the ceremony, tosymbolize luck and fertility.

P Have ushers hand out bags of herbs, sprigs ofgreenery, and flower petals, to sprinkle over the path ofthe couple as they make their joyous walk back down theoutdoor aisle.

z Vine arches are a symbol of growth, fertility, andrenewal. Also, when you pass through an arch it is anentrance to a new world.

P Line the site steps or walkway with rows of pottedflowers in full bloom. Daisies, or chrysanthemums withmany colorful blossoms per pot, or small evergreen treesdecorated with ribbons and twinkle lights, and a spray fothe arch.

$ Wreaths of dried flowers and herbs can be used asgifts for the wedding party, or used in your own home todecorate.Garlands of flowers are appropriate for the wedding partyto wear.

Carrying Flowers

P Have each attendant carry a bouquet made from adifferent flower but using the same greenery & generalshape of bouquet.

P A wonderful look is a cascading hand bouquet withivy trailing and many white or colorful flowers.

$ Carry a single long-stemmed rose, roses or tulipstrimmed with ribbons. Tie them together with green craftwire. Wrap about 4 inches of satin ribbon around thestems (toward the bottom). Add ribbons and pearls to thehanging ribbons.

zInclude in the bouquet thistle and heather.P Arrange a bouquet according to the flowersmeanings.

P If your wedding is in the evening, carry a candleinstead of flowers. I can't think of anything more romantic.

zMedieval brides believed that knots symbolized goodluck, hope, and steadfastness, so their bouquets weretied with numerous knots.

z In Tudor England, brides carried marigolds that hadbeen dipped in rosewater. They later ate them since theywere thought to be aphrodisiacs.

P Use mixed wildflowers with stalks of dried wheatinstead of baby's breath.

z Welsh brides used to give their attendants myrtle intheir bouquets, to be planted later; tradition held that if theplant grew, the grower would be married.


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Herb MeaningsAllspice ~ Compassion; Dill ~ Lust Or Optimism; ; Fennel~ Strength; Worthy Of Praise; Rosemary ~Remembrance; Mint ~ Great Virtue;

Parsley ~ Cleanliness Of Mind And Body; Sage ~Domestic Virtues; Great Respect.

Flower Meanings

Calla Lily ~ Magnificent Beauty; Chamomile ~ Energy InAdversity; Carnation ~ Woman's Love; Cherry-Blossom ~Spiritual Beauty; Clover (Four-Leafed) ~ Be Mine; Clover(White) ~ Think Of Me; Daisy ~ Innocence; Dandelion ~Coquetry; Fern ~ Fascination, Magic, Sincerity; Fir ~Time; Fleurs-de-lis ~ Message; Honeysuckle ~ Bonds OfLove; Hyacinth (White) ~ Modest Loveliness; Hyacinth ~Constancy; Iris ~ Message, My Compliments, Eloquence;Ivy ~ Fidelity, Friendship, Marriage, Wedded Love; Lily-Of-The-Valley ~ Perfect Purity, Return Of Happiness,

Magnolia ~ Benevolence, High-Souled, Love Of Nature,Magnificence; Orange-Blossom ~ Chastity, BridaFestivities; Orchid ~ You Are A Belle, You Flatter Me;Rose (Red) ~ Unity, Romantic Love; Rose (White) ~ I AmWorthy Of Your Love, Silence, Innocent Love; Rosebud(Red) ~ Inclined To Love, Pure And Lovely; Rosebud(White) ~ Too Young To Love; Tulip (Red) ~ Declaration OfLove; Tulip (Variegated) ~ Enchantment, Your Eyes AreBeautiful, Tulip (Yellow) ~ Hopeless Love, Violet (Blue) ~Faithfulness, Love, Loyalty, Wheat ~ Prosperity

RingsRings

z It is unknown when wedding rings were first worn.They were probably made of a strong metal, like iron sothat it wouldn't break easily which would have been a verybad omen. The early Egyptians believed that a circle wasthe symbol of eternity a sign that life, happiness, and lovehave no beginning and no end. A wedding ring wasplaced on the third finger of the left hand because it wasbelieved that a vein ran directly from that finger to theheart.

z Diamond engagement rings were given by medievalItalians, because of their belief that the diamond wascreated from the flames of love.

zThe ancient Romans believed that the vein in the thirdfinger ran directly to the heart, so wearing the ring on thatfinger joined the couples hearts and destiny

Supplier of medieval and Celtic designs and castings:

J&J Casting

2621 W. Northern

Phoenix, AZ 85051

602-995-4948

http://www.jandjcasting.com/


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Investigate Accommodations F or Out Of T ownInvestigate Accommodations F or Out Of T own

AttendantsAttendants

Find out from the guests if they would like information

or help in finding lodging if they are not staying with intown relatives.

P If they are not familiar with the city, try to find a mapand information on lodging near their preference, thewedding site or your home. Also check for localshopping, drugstore, supermarket, and laundry/cleaners

near the hotel, as well as restaurants. No doubt there wil

be a few last minute items needed!P A wonderful alternative many people don't think abouis Bed and Breakfasts. They can be amazinglyreasonable in price, and what a treat!

Plan A Guest L ist W ith Names And AddressesPlan A Guest L ist W ith Names And Addresses

Sounds so easy, doesn't it? It can be one of the most

stressful items on your checklist. Begin with a specificnumber limit. Then begin with the actual wedding party,parents, and siblings/families. Make sure to decidewhether or not you want small children attending. Mostpeople are not offended if you state it early enough forthem to find arrangements. Many people are glad to havea romantic night out without the children! Try to make the

list as complete as you can before asking around. Leave

approx. 10 percent open for the family to remind youabout Aunt Harriet or Uncle Robert.

When things get out of hand, go for a walk and thinkabout what this time is really about. Then attack the listagain.

W edding PartyW edding Party

zMany of today's wedding customs have evolved fromthe days of ancient Rome, when evil spirits were believedto threaten the bride and groom. Bridesmaids dressedsimilarly to the bride, and ushers' attire resembled thegroom's. This was an attempt to confuse the spirits. Ifthey could not tell the bride and groom apart from theattendants, they would not be able to carry out theirplans.

z From the Anglo Saxon days: When the groom wasabout to capture his bride, he needed the help of hisfriends, the "bridesmen" or "brideknights". They would

make sure the bride got to the church and to the groom'shouse afterwards. The bride also had women to help herthe "bridesmaids" or "brideswomen".

P The titles "Maid of Honor" and "Best Man" are fastbeing replaced by "Honor Attendant" as couples throwconvention to the wind in order to choose their dearestloved ones. Among the latest to enter the ranks of honorattendant for the bride are an elderly grandmother and abrother; a groom's honor attendant could be his father orhis sister.

Movie ReferencesMovie ReferencesFirst Knight ~ Excalibur ~ Camelot ~ Monty Python andthe Holy Grail (932 AD) ~ El Cid (late-1000s Spain) ~Robin Hood (Errol Flynn) ~ Robin Hood (MichaelPraed/Jason Connery) ~ Robin Hood (Disney) ~ RobinHood Prince of Thieves ~ Robin and Marion ~ Robin Hood-Men in Tights ~ Ladyhawke (based on 12th C Frenchlegend) ~ The Lion in Winter (about Eleanor of Aquitane

and Henry II, ruler of England 1154-1189) ~ Braveheart(late 1200's Scotland) ~ Hamlet (set 1300/1400? 2versions 1) w/Mel Gibson, 2) w/Laurence Olivier) ~Rosenkrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead (Hamlet comedy~ The Warlord ~ The Princess Bride ~ Much Ado aboutNothing ~ The Taming of the Shrew ~ Lady Jane (Grey,grandniece of Henry V)


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Clothing!!!Clothing!!!

If you want everyone in period costume, think about whatstyles everyone will find comfortable. Renaissancepeasants and Medieval clothing will probably be easiest to

wear for those not accustomed to heavy, confining orunusual clothing. These are also the easiest styles tocreate.

z Look at some historical costume books and pick outa time frame that suits you. Here are some basiccategories to help you decide:Royalty (the most formal clothes from the era)Merchant class (good, modestly prosperous)Peasant (casual, outdoorsy, little decoration)Medieval (women gowns; men in Tights and tunics)Renaissance (women in tight bodices and full skirts; men

in tights, breeches, pirate shirts, laced vests)

z Clothes in Medieval society told people who they were, what rank andhow powerful and rich they were. Edward III instigated "Sumptuary Law",which dictated what people could and could not wear; for example;

Pearl embroidery and ermine restricted to Royalty and Nobility.Gold cloth, jewels and linings of miniver fur could only be worn by Knights andthose of higher rank.Cloth of silver, silver girdles (belts) and fine quality wool might be worn only bysquires and those of higher rank.Commoners were only allowed to wear coarser wools and cloth. Silk and

jewels being forbidden, even if they could afford them.

z Pointed shoes came into fashion during Edwards reign, and were alsorestricted.The nobility were allowed 24" of pointed shoe beyond the natural foot,gentlemen 12" and commoners 6 1/2"

z Special devices were designed to attach to the knee, with a clip to holdthe toe of the shoe up so the person could walk without becoming tangled intheir shoe.

z Many people could not afford clothes and hand-me-downs were quite normal.These were patched and repaired until they were completely threadbare and worn, then

they were finally passed to beggars, who wore them until they disintegrated.


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Wedding Dress

zThe white wedding dress was made popular by Anneof Brittany in 1499. Before that, a woman just wore herbest dress.

z Brides were sometimes stripped at the altar by themen getting favors (good luck tokens). Brides often hadsleeves and bodices totally beribboned to avoid beingstripped.

PChoose colors that would have been found in nature.Pure white was definitely not period, since white was onlyworn by royalty. The fabric had to undergo severalexpensive processes to make it white.

P Use natural fibers, such as linen. Brocades arewonderful, and can be found woven with metallic threads.They can be expensive, around $25 per yard, but wellworth the look.

PSome styles can be found in the movie references inthis book. Keep these time periods in mind; high waisted"princess" style, late 14th century; simple tunic dress withdraping sleeves, 12th century; Houppelande with fittedunderdress, early 14th century.

Veil/ Headpiece

z Maidens normally wore their hair loose, whichsymbolized virginity (married women wore their hair upand mostly covered). Another idea would be to get hairbraided similar to the styles at renaissance faires, and

add flowers and jewels. Fresh or silk ivy, silk or driedflowers, rose buds, etc., Are all wonderful in loose hair orwoven into braids.

zAnne of Cleves (early 1500's) supposedly wore awreath of rosemary at her wedding.

zVeils were not worn until the last hundred years or so.Try some variations of fresh flower or other type ofheadpiece.

P For a removable headpiece, use a piece of flexiblewire (light coat hanger or heavy floral wire) and wrap itfrom end to end with white or green floral tape. Form iinto a circle that fits comfortably on your head. Secure

the two ends together with floral tape. Add the dried orsilk pieces, or on the morning of your wedding gentlysecure fresh flowers or ivy strands to the circle in severaplaces with floral tape. Leave it in the refrigerator, maybeon top of a wet cloth in a Tupperware container. Youcould add colored ribbons, pearls, cords, tulle or silkflowers to the headband as to your taste.


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WomenChemise: Long sleeve floor length underdress.

Gown: Long dress usually worn over fitted chemise.Skirt: Women - Long skirt, fairly full.Bodices: Vest laced up accentuating bosom.

MenShirt: Long sleeved full poet type shirt.Vest: Leather if possible, or heavy cloth, laced.Breeches: Long pants, somewhat flared at the bottom forfullness when tucked into boots. Drawstring waist.

Leather gauntlets at the cuffs of the shirt.

Accessories For All

$ Both men and women can use a good, sturdy leatherbelt. Look for them in thrift shops, or look for simple beltbuckles and make your own.Knee high moccasins or boots for either sex, or "MaryJanes" for women work well, or flat pump style shoes in anatural color.

A pouch to hang off your belt can be made of leather ofabric.Carry a cup made of wood, pewter or silver tied to the beltwith a cord of leather by the handle or stem.The T-tunic was worn by both men and women.A nice full flowing cloak.

Simple gown; Gown with underdress; Houppelande with underdress

Short tunic, leggings; Long tunic, hood, leggings


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A Basic Guide To Footwear In The Viking AgeBy Jeff Clarke (Hafgrim Gunnarson)

A Viking or medieval shoe is typically made from two pieces ofleather, a sole and an upper, with sometimes an insert of leather).

A design feature of these shoes is that the sole has a triangularextension at the heel, which fits into a triangular recess in theupper. This triangular heel set -up is a hallmark of dark age andearly medieval footwear up until the year 1150 when round heelscame into fashion (see figure right). Note also the shape of thesole, there is hardly any waist at all, the sides are nearly straight,this is in complete contrast to the waisted medieval soleunderneath, note also the rounded heel on the medieval sole.

Next, make a hole through both pieces of leather (upper and sole)with an awl then feed a needle with thread attached from each sideand pull as tight as you can. Sew completely around.

When the shoe is sewn around the bottom it must be turned right side out. The seam is the weak spot of the Viking

shoes, it is the seam that always breaks. Cut small openings at the markings, and lace up with leather cord.

Where To Find Costumes

$Ask everyone you know if they have anything in theirclosets. Looking at clothes with alterations in mind, youcan be surprised what you already have.

P Place a small ad in the local costumer's guild,Renaissance guild, and SCA newsletters to borrow, rent,or have outfits made.

PCheck out local costume rental.P Check with local theatrical companies and college

theater departments to see if want to sell their costumes.

$ Look in thrift stores for things with a Medieval oRenaissance flair. Women look for: long velvet gownswith fitted bodices, long sleeves, and full skirts; velvet ortapestry vests (especially those that lace up thefront),peasant blouses, ruffled blouses, long skirts. Menlook for full pirate-style shirts, velvet tunics, velvet otapestry or leather vests, baggy trousers, boots. Fosimple peasant outfits, look for gauzy peasant blouses,pirate shirts, long cotton skirts, and leather boots and

belts.

How To Make CostumesThe pattern for a simple tunic is this:

Measure from the neckline to the knee.Double that length.Get that many inches of 60 inch wide fabric.The fabric is already folded length wise. Fold it in halfagain and lay it out on the floor.Find a comfortable large t-shirt and fold it in half, sleevestogether.Place the shirt so the fold of the t-shirt is along the side

fold edge of the fabric, and the neck opening is at the topfold.Cut an opening for the neck, not too big.Cut out the sleeve/body part.Sew sides together wrong side out, hem length, neck,and sleeves. Add trims.

Commercial Patterns


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Chemise: McCalls #7134, view A. No changes need to bemade except length.Skirt: McCalls #6840. It is not historically accurate, buthas a great medieval look to it.Bodices: Almost any vest pattern will work. Here are thechanges that you should make. Square the neckline, itshould not be a v - neck as shown on the pattern. Runboning down the two front seams to add strength and tokeep the garment straight. Line your bodice to add extrastrength to the garment and to give it a finished

appearance. Instead of button holes use grommets andlace it closed.Men's shirt: Simplicity #9035. (women's pattern), but thelook of the neckline is perfect in either view A or B. Theonly changes that need to be done to this pattern is tolengthen the sleeves to the wrist and add a cuff.Men's pants: Simplicity 9605. Eliminate the pockets.(Men's pants: you can use a pair of sweat pants as apattern if you are familiar with the way pants are sewntogether.)

Getting Guests T o Dress T he PartGetting Guests T o Dress T he Part

P Print on the invitation or reception card"Medieval/Renaissance Attire Optional".

P Write a newsletter describing accommodations,sights to see, etc. Add a section called "Theme of theWedding", describing some of the history, costume tips,

whether there will be costumes available, or masks if it isa masked ball.

P Give guests a list of the movie references in the backto help them with costume ideas.

Also try to get a caterer, photographer and ministerwho will dress in period clothing, and be prepared to getthe clothing for them.

$ For those guests who cannot come up with a suitablecostume, make 'slip on' costumes -- tunics over pants formen, gowns for women.

Armor pieces

Tournament Productions

5421 Lake Murray Blvd #11La Mesa, Ca 91941

[email protected]

http://www.tournamentproductions.org/

Pre made renaissance clothing

Chivalry Sports Renaissance Store

7718 E. Wrightstown Road

Tucson, AZ 85715

Our phone is--1(800) 730-5464

[email protected]

Http://www.renstore.com

Noble Style designs

Ana's Accouterments

P.O. Box 1625

Slidell, LA 70459-1625

504-641-7501 (9 am - 9 pm Central Time)

[email protected]

Black Wolf Blades and Accessories

11940 Hidden Valley Rim Rd

Boise, ID 83709


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3 to 6 Months Before3 to 6 Months Before

Order Invitations, Programs And T hank Y ou Notes

Invitation M ailing

Reception P lanning

F ood

Cake

Honeymoon

Ceremony Decoration

P lan Rehearsal Dinner

Order W edding Band Engravings

Keep A Record Of All Gifts Received

Check T hat A ll B ridal A ttire Has Been Ordered


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NOT ESNOT ES

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

It is with true love as it is wi th ghosts;

everyone talks about it, but few have seen it.

-La Rochefoucauld


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Order Invitations, Programs And T hank Y ouOrder Invitations, Programs And T hank Y ou

NotesNotes

Printing/ Calligraphy/ Embellishments

P For a small wedding, have a professional writeeach invitation in calligraphy (may be expensive).6 Laserprint the invitations on a heavy parchment andusing a type style that imitates calligraphy.Print in colored ink for more versatility.z Include ancient symbols in the invitation graphics.$ Accent invitations with watercolors for an artistic andinexpensive invitation.

P Decorative motifs that would work with the themeinclude simple flowers, fancy scrolls, heraldicsymbols, and metallic embossing. Touches of rich,jewel-tone colors are very period, especially combinedwith gold or silver -- think of Medieval illuminated texts.P Add embellished color or gold/silver highlights ifwanted.

Paper$ To save on invitations order cardstock paper anduse a laser printer to print the invitations. Nice

parchment stock is available from a local printersupplier, or use scroll paper.

P Print on ordinary white paper, then glue on aslightly larger sheet of 100% silk rag paper - really

beautiful pearl color, with silk fibers clearly showing.Use period border from clipart.

PresentationP Fold or roll and tie with ribbon, or seal with wax.$ You can make a wax seal out of a metal buttonglued to a small plastic stick.

P Resemble an authentic wedding announcement of aPrincess and Prince. By adding a few letters to theend of the town's name, you can make it moremedieval sounding. For example; Salem could beSalemtown or Salemshire.

Programs

Include schedule, and/or a list of the names ofwedding-party members (including the officiator), withan explanation of their connection to you and yourfianc.P An order of service, the words to a special prayer orhymn may be printed in set type or calligraphy.

P Special rituals, such as the handfasting, may notbe familiar to all attending. Feel free to add items fromthis guide in your personal programs.Include the meanings of the colors and flowers.P If the ceremony is to be celebrated in a languagenot spoken by all the guests, add the translation in theprogram.

Thank You Notes6 Have your Thank you notes pre packaged, ready toaddress. As gifts arrive, write the address from thereturn address directly onto the thank you note

envelope. Jot a note inside to thank the person for theparticular gift, and it is ready to stamp and mail outafter your honeymoon.

P It is a special touch for both bride and groom tosign the note.$ Remember to budget the cost of stamps into the

thank you notes as well as the invitations.


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Announcement Text Examples

Lady Rachael Gwynne Crowley

And

Lord Giles Chadwick Richardson

Request the honour of thy presence

At their marriage

On Saturday, the thirtieth of April inThe year of our Lord Nineteen hundred and ninety four

The ceremony will begin at dark o'clock

At

Encanto Park

Phoenix, Arizona

Feasting and merriment will follow the ceremony

Medieval/Renaissance-style garb encouraged

H E A R Y E H E A R Y E

Let it be known that on the 30th day of April

In the year of our Lord nineteen hundred and ninety-

four

The house of Crowley pledged its firstborn daughter

RachaelTo the house of Richardson in marriage to the

firstborn son

Giles

At

Encanto Park

Phoenix, Arizona

Giles and Rachael Richardson now reside at

1234 WestEast Avenue

Phoenix, Arizona

HEAR YE! HEAR YE!

The honour of thy presence

Is hereby requestedAt the marriage of

Rachael Gwynne CrowleyAnd

Giles Chadwick Richardson

On 30 April, 1994

In a medieval wedding ceremony

At half-past the seventh hour

In the eventide

On the eve of April the thirtieth,

In the year of our lord

Nineteen hundred and n inety-fourAt half past the seventh hour,

The heads of Houses Crowley and RichardsonInvite you to bear witness to the joining of

Rachael

To

Giles

In the bonds of matrimony

And to share in the celebration

Of the joining of these two houses

At Encanto Park

Phoenix, Arizona

Invitation MailingInvitation Mailing

P For extra special delivery to local guests, have yourinvitations delivered by a friend dressed as a herald!

P Rolled scrolls can be mailed in tubes from the postoffice or mailing store.

A Few Words on Sealing Wax

Stamps and sealing wax are available at moststationery stores. BUT The post office really doesn'tlike it - it gums up their machines. However, there isno actual prohibition against using it. Even if you sealthe inner envelope, the recipient will likely get anenvelope full of little crumbled pieces of wax. You canask your local Post Office if they can hand stamp themail. They may have a limit or extra charge for this.Sealing wax is quite simple: melt the wax onto thearea to stamp, and press the metal stamp into it. Aswith everything though, there are a few tips to make iteasier.Melting the wax from another candle or lighting thewax stick itself will produce blackened wax. To avoid

this, use the spoon method. Crumble pieces of waxinto an old spoon. Warm the underside of the spoonover a candle. When the wax is melted, carefully pourit onto the envelope. Stamp with the seal.After creating the circle of hot melted wax on theenvelope, breathe on the seal (which leaves it a bitdamp from the moisture of your breath) so it will notstick to the hot wax.It is advisable to lightly coat your stamp every 5 usesto keep the wax from sticking and to make it easier toremove the stamp without damaging the image.


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Any light vegetable oil will work, but cooking spray isthe easiest and least messy.Wrap the envelope in a nice gold or silver ribbon; poorwax over a spot on the ribbon and then press the sealinto the wax, sealing both ribbon and paper.

If you still want to use wax seals, you might want tohave the envelopes hand-canceled or use a cardboardenvelope. Another possibility is to forgo the wax andjust use one of those red or gold initial seals fromstationery shops.

Reception PlanningReception Planning

P Look for buildings in stone, half-timbered wood,brick, or very rural. Find out about historic homes inyour area, especially those with a Tudor or Englishcottage or castle look.z Outdoors settings are perfect for a Medievalwedding.

P If you have the space, a big white tent is nice &could be decked out with banners & garlands. Theseare available at most tent rentals companies, and theyare not too expensive, considering they deliver, set itup, and take it down. The pavilions provide shade forthe wedding itself, the cooks, and for the guests todine under.

HallP An abundance of color! A few well placed colorful

banners can be all that transforms the area.$ Banners can be put together with fusible interfacingor glue (although sewing looks nicer). All you need ischeap, colorful fabrics, and maybe a few tassel orfringe trims.P Cloth 'shields' with coats of arms painted on can behung above seats.P Decorate with tapestries hanging on the walls,black iron candle holders and medieval-style flags.P Use tulle/netting or another inexpensive white fabricto decorate with "swags"; add large bows or smallsprays of flowers at each gathering where the swag isbeing held.

$ Borrow a hand-made suit of armor from a member of

the SCA (Society for Creative Anachronisms). Thesepeople are very proud of their hand-crafted work, andmost won't mind showing it off by sharing it with you.z Have a couple of the ushers/groomsmen carry abanner on a post during the processional. Presentthem to the fathers as a sign that you're giving themback their names/households in order to begin one ofyour own.$ Ring the site with a rope with colorful strips of clothtied-on every foot or so.P Grapevine arches festooned with ribbons add awonderful wooded feeling to an indoor reception.

Entertainment

If there is a considerable time-lag between ceremonyand reception, don't forget your guests.z Entertainment has been in vogue for weddingreceptions since medieval times.P Place paper and pens on each table for guests touse when inspiration strikes.P Keep young guests occupied and made to feelspecial by making up goody-bags with candies,puzzles, and tiny books.

P Create your own personalized guest book from aquality photo album (the kind with real paper pages).Have your maid of honor collect a few signatures andbest wishes per page.. Later, add snapshots taken byguests at the wedding as well as other keepsakes.P Entertain your guests with a treasure hunt or carrally, a great way to occupy them during a long breakin the day.P For an outdoor reception, set up areas for croquetand badminton, complete with equipment and cooldrinks.


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P Between courses at the meal, invite guests (or hirepeople ahead of time) to entertain with stories,juggling, poetry, etc.z Include a Maypole dance in the festivities. Usedifferent colored ribbons to represent each family nameand have them woven together to represent thebonding of both families.

P Create a dragon out of cloth to cover something inthe area. Ask guests to name the dragon. Select thewinning name by popular vote. As a prize offer twotickets to the Renaissance Festival!z There is a Scottish tradition called a 'Scrammy'where the groom throws handfuls of small coins to thechildren of the local area as they leave for theirhoneymoon.

Tablesz Ribbons have held a much-loved place in weddingtraditions since medieval times, when they were wornas declarations of celebration and given to guests asmementos. Find a stationer, specialty printer or partysupplier that offers ribbon printing services. Lengths ofpersonalized ribbon, printed with your names andwedding date, can be used in the bridesmaids'bouquets and reception decorations, and tied aroundthe stems of wineglasses.

P For a regal touch at each place setting for yourdinner reception, make napkin-rings from lengths ofribbon, looped and then sealed with a daub of waximpressed with your initials. Stamps and sealing waxare available at most stationery stores.$ Make inexpensive, original place cards out of home-made cookies, each iced with a guest's name.P Make the gift table look special by setting a displayof family wedding portraits at one end. Includeportraits of both sets of your parents and grandparents,

if you can. Place small folded cards in front of eachportrait, calligrapher with the names of each coupleand their wedding date.P Mount banners on poles or on trumpets carried by'heralds', they could lead you to wherever you areheaded, such as the altar, the banquet table, or yourawaiting carriage.P Place the table for the wedding party in front of awall and hang your family crest/banners behind the

chairs where you will each sit.P Metal goblets, drinking horns, bits of armor,shields, banners, large candles along with flowers andivy, make good table decorations.z Set two tables across one end for the 'head table'and two rows leading away from the head table like thearrangement in an old English manor house (Ushaped). That leaves a 'playing' area in-between therows of tables for the entertainment.

Pre made renaissance clothingChivalry Sports Renaissance Store

7718 E. Wrightstown RoadTucson, AZ 85715

Our phone is--1(800) 730-5464

[email protected]

Http://www.renstore.com

Words From The GuestsP We purchased 16 pieces of poster board, andstapled them to the wall of the reception area. My

brother is a pretty good artist, and drew a messageand some ivy across the top of the poster board. Hismessage read: 'The wedding is over, the bride's allaglow; leave a message right here; to let them feel howyou know (know how you feel didn't rhyme.)' We had

a few baskets with crayons and markers. I still havethe posters!

P Place a colorful square of cloth at each receptiontable place-setting and a few fabric pens on eachtable. Ask guests to sign the squares, then use themto create a one-of-a-kind wedding wish quilt.


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F oodF ood

z Exchanges of food between the families of the brideand groom has been a hallowed tradition in countries

around the world since ancient times. Symbolize theunion of your families by offering guests home-madegoodies prepared by both families. An afternoon familyjam- or relish-making session, for instance, maygarner good times as well as delicious gifts.z In the 15th century, fowl was popular at feasts--andthe goal was to try to get the bird to look as life-like aspossible. The cooks would put all the feathers *backon* the bird, along with its head and such. The abilityto make the bird ultimately look alive was consideredculinary genius.

MeatRoasted chicken; beef; brisket; roasted Cornish hen;venison; sausages; peppered pork chops; rabbit;Mutton (lamb); quail; boar; fish.Roast beef with Yorkshire pudding; Cornish pasties(little meat and/or veggie pies); Chicken breasts in asauce with raisins or currants, and lemon white, whichis rice cooked with lemon rind and raisins.

Vegetables

Yams/sweet potatoes; green beans; baked acorn

squash; parsnips; baked onions.Period salad ingredients include: chives, scallions,radish roots, boiled carrots, turnips; young lettuce,cabbage, asparagus, purslane and herbs with vinegar,oil and sugar; and cucumber served with vinegar, oil,and pepper.

Breads

Crusty bread and cheese; homemade bread withhoney butter.

SoupsBarley broth; oat and leek soup; onion and almondcreme soup.

Desserts

Bread pudding; baked apples and fruit tarts.Glazed fruit; apples; strawberries with bowls ofpowdered sugar and chocolate sauce for dipping.Pastries with pine nuts and sugar; cakes made withalmonds and sugar; various preserves, made withsugar and honey; an abundance of candied spice.

Drinks

Beer; cider; wines; water; ale; mead; milk.

Spices

Cinnamon; cloves; mace; saffron; pepper; ginger;anise; nutmeg; parsley; basil; rosemary; thyme.Sugar was very expensive, used for nobles.


30/52


RecipesRecipesThese recipes were found in Cariadoc's Miscellany. Each recipe was translated from the original old English text. Tofind the original versions of the texts, visit their web site at www.pbm.com/~lindahl/cariadoc/miscellany.html. I haveincluded two of the original recipes here, along with several translated recipes.

Meat DishesMeat Dishes

Pigge in SagePigge in Sage

"Take a pigge; Draw him, smyte of his hede, kutte himin iiii quarters, boyle him til he be ynow; take himuppe, and lete cole; smite him in peces; take anhondefull or ii of Sauge; wash hit, grynde it in a morterwith hard yolkes of egges; then drawe hit uppe withgoode vinegre, but make hit not to thyn; then seson

hit with powder of Peper, ginger and salt; then cowchethi pigge in dishes, and caste the sirippe theruppon,and serve it forthe."

(TRANSLATION)

1-1/2 lb. pork roastsaltpepper2 T. dried sage or 12 fresh leaves, chopped2 t. parsley, finely chopped (omit if fresh sage used)4 hard-boiled eggs, separated yolk and white1/4 c. cider vinegar1/4 t. salt

1/8 t. pepper1/8 t. ginger

Coat pork with salt and pepper. Roast at 325 (or boil inwater) until done. Cool and slice.Process yolks with sage, parsley and vinegar untilsmooth. Chop whites as fine as possible, add withseasonings to vinegar mixture. Add more vinegar ifsauce seems too thick. Arrange sliced pork on platter,serve with sauce.(If you like sage, this is a wonderful dish. If you don'tlike sage, it's a very good dish. The sauce would alsobe good as deviled eggs, if you left the whites whole

and added a little cayenne pepper.)

Beef yBeef y--StewedStewed

About 1 Lb+ Beef3 Medium OnionsW1/4 c. Chopped Parsley1 Bouillon Cube1/2 t. Cinnamon; 1/4 t. Cloves; 1 t. Sage; 1/4 t. Mace1/8 t. Whole Grains Of Paradise (Grind)4 Slices BreadPinch Of Saffron1 t. SaltVinegar

Add fresh water to cover and bouillon, bring to a boil,add parsley, onion, and spices. Simmer about 45minutes. Meanwhile, put bread to soak in water and

broth from the meat. At the end of 45 minutes mush upthe bread and add that, the saffron and salt, bring to aboil and serve.


31/52


CormaryeCormarye

1 t. Ground Coriander1 t. Caraway (measured whole then ground)1/2 t. Pepper3 Cloves Garlic (.15 oz)

1 1/2 c. Red Wine1/2 t. Salt1 1/2 lb. Pork Roast1/2 c. Chicken Broth

Grind caraway in a mortar, then grind garlic with it (oruse a spice grinder and a garlic press). Combine withcoriander, pepper, wine and salt to make a marinade.Stick pork with a knife several times. Put pork in

marinade and let it marinate over night, turning it onceor twice. Heat oven to 450 deg. , put in pork, turn downto 350 deg. , roast until it is done (170 deg. on a meatthermometer), basting with the marinade every ten or

fifteen minutes. It should take about an hour and a halfto two hours, depending on the size and shape of theroast; for larger roasts the rule is about half anhour/pound (if you use more than a three pound roast,you probably want to scale up the amount ofmarinade). Collect the drippings from the broth,combine with half their volume of chicken broth,simmer for at least 15 minutes and serve over the pork.

V egetablesV egetables

Mustard GreensMustard Greens

1 1/4 lb. Mustard Greens (including smaller stems)1 t. Salt3 T. Oil4 Slices Bacon4 t. Vinegar

Wash mustard greens. Boil stems two minutes, thenadd leaves, boil 6 more minutes and drain. Fry bacon(6 minutes in microwave). Heat oil, add greens andstir, then add salt and cook five minutes. Crumblebacon and put over greens with vinegar. Stir it all upand cook another 3 minutes.

CabogesCaboges

"Take fayre caboges, an cutte hem, an pike hem cleneand clene washe hem, an parboyle hem in fayre water,an thanne presse hem on a fayre bord; an than choppehem, and caste hem in a fayre pot with goode fresshebroth, an wyth mery-bonys, and let it boyle: thanne

grate fayre brede and caste ther-to, an caste ther-toSafron an salt; or ellys take gode grwel y-mad of freysflesshe, y-draw thorw a straynour, and caste ther-to.An whan thou seruyst yt inne, knocke owt the marw ofthe bonys, an ley the marwe ij gobettys or iij in adysshe, as the semyth best, and serue forth."

(TRANSLATION)

1 Medium Head Cabbage4 c. Beef Broth4 lb. Marrow BonesPinch of Saffron

1 T. SaltBreadcrumbs

Wash cabbage. Cut it in fourths. Parboil it (i.e. dumpinto boiling water, leave there a few minutes). Drain.Chop. Squeeze out water. Put it in a pot with beefbroth and marrow bones. Simmer until soft, stirringoften enough to keep it from sticking (about 20minutes). Add saffron, salt, enough bread crumbs tomake it very thick. Simmer ten minutes more. Serve.


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Armored T urnipsArmored T urnips

1 lb. Turnips (5 little)10 oz Cheddar Cheese2 T. Butter1/2 t. Cinnamon; 1/4 t. Ginger; 1/4 t. Pepper

Boil turnips about 30 minutes, peel and slice thin,layer turnips and sliced cheese in 9"x5" baking pan,and bake 30 minutes at 350 deg.

Savoury T oasted or M elted CheeseSavoury T oasted or M elted Cheese

1/2 lb. Butter1/2 lb. Cream Cheese1/8 lb. Brie or other strongly flavored cheese1/4 t. White Pepper

Melt the butter. Cut up the cheese and stir it into the

butter over low heat. You will probably want to use a

whisk to blend the two together and keep the saucefrom separating (which it is very much inclined to do).When you have a uniform, creamy sauce you aredone. You may serve it over asparagus or othervegetables, or over toast; if you want to brown the top,put it under the broiling unit in your stove for a minute

or so.

DessertsDesserts

Excellent Small CakesExcellent Small Cakes

3 c. Flour3/4 c. Sugar3/4 lb. Currants = about 2 1/2 c3/8 lb. Butter = 1 1/2 sticks

2 1/2 T. Cream1 Egg Yolk1/4 t. Nutmeg

2 t. Sack (sherry)

Cut butter into the flour as one would for piecrust.Bake cakes about 20 minutes at 350 deg.

Icing: about 1/3 c. powdered sugar and enough waterso you can spread it.

T o Make an Excellent CakeT o Make an Excellent Cake

2 c Flour1 & 1/2 Sticks of Butter2 c. Currants1/4 t. Cloves

1/4 t. Mace1/2 t. Cinnamon1/4 t. Nutmeg1/2 T. Sugar2 T. Sack (or sherry)1/4 c. Ale yeast settled out of homemade mead orbeer (or 1 t dried yeast dissolved in 3T water)1 T. Rosewater8 Threads Saffron

Icing:1/8 Egg White (about 2 t)1/4 t. Rosewater2 T. Sugar

Mix flour, spices, and sugar. Melt butter, mix up yeastmixture, and crush the saffron in the rosewater toextract the color. When the butter is melted, stir it intothe flour mixture, then add sack, yeast mixture, androsewater-saffron mixture. Stir this until smooth, thenstir in currants. Bake at 350 deg. in a greased 10"round pan or a 7"x11" rectangular pan for 40 minutes.Remove from pan and spread with a thin layer of icing;cut into bar cookies.


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Cheese and F lour CakeCheese and F lour Cake

2 c. Flour (1/3 whole wheat)1/2-3/4 c. Water3 T. Oil1-1/2 t. Yeast

3 T. Milk12 oz. Cheese6 T. Honey1 T. Sugar1/4 t. Pepper

Knead flour and water to a very dry dough, mix warmmilk and yeast, let sit five minutes, add oil to dough,

knead in. Knead milk and yeast into the dough forabout 5-10 minutes, until fairly uniform. Leave 45minutes to rise in a warm place. Divide dough in about8 equal portions, flour and pat, stretch, or roll out to

size of pan (about 4"x7"); if you roll it out you can use12 equal portions. Layer with sliced cheese. Bake 45minutes at 350 deg. Drizzle the honey over it. Servewith mixed sugar and pepper for the guests to sprinkleover to taste. This should probably be done withsourdough instead of yeast, but we have not tried itthat way yet.

F lathonysF lathonys

1/2 c. Milk4 Egg Yolks1/3 c. Ale1/4 c. Sugar4 T. Butter1 t. Salt

Bake a pie shell. Beat together milk, egg yolks, ale,sugar. Melt butter, add salt, beat into the liquid, tryingto keep the butter from separating out (the hard part).Pour into the pie shell, bake at 350 deg. about 20-30minutes. Sprinkle on sugar (about 1 T) after theflathony is reasonably solid.

TipsAn easy trick to enhance a punch bowl is to float ice

cubes with a rosebud or other edible flower frozen inthe center of each.If you can find or rent them, get brass, silver, pewter,or wooden servingware. Pewter goblets are a greattouch -- get a pair for yourselves so you can toasteach other in style!Time may not permit you to eat at your reception, sohave your caterer pack a basket of goodies from yourreception for you to enjoy when time permits.


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CaCakeke

zThe wedding cake we know today was not aroundin medieval times. Instead, medieval guests brought

tiny desserts, cookies, or 'bridecakes' and piled themtogether -- the forerunner of the wedding cake.

z The tradition of the 'wedding cake feeding' camefrom the bride and groom eating off a common plateand feeding each other, possibly symbolizing thejoining of the two as one through marriage.

z The wedding cake was intended as a symbol offertility. To ensure a life of plenty, the Romans broke athin layer of cake over the bride's head at the end ofthe ceremony. Crumbs were then gathered by guestsas good luck tokens.

P A modern style wedding cake won't be too out of

place. Decorate it with greenery and flowers, heraldicsymbols painted with colored icing or decorate like acastle.

P Have a smaller cake especially for the bride andgroom, decorated with symbols for their health andhappiness.

Bridecakes

1/2 cup butter1/4 cup honey2 cups oat flour or wheat flour1/4 teaspoon salt1/4 teaspoon baking soda1 cup rolled oats1/2 cup currants 1/4 cup buttermilk

Cream butter and honey together. Mix dry ingredientstogether and add the currants, stirring to coat themwith Flour. Stir dry ingredients into butter-honeymixture and add butter milk to make a dough. Roll intoballs and Flatten on greased cookie sheet. With aknife mark each with a Brides Cross (+). Bake in apreheated 350 Degree oven for 15 minutes.Recipe from Wiccacraft for Families by Margie

McArthur.

*NEW* - Pewter Wedding Cake Toppersby Fellowship Foundry

The styles include: Romeo and Juliet matching cake topper and goblets; 2

dragons, rearing up at each other to form a heart- cake topper and goblets; and

variations on roses. Serving items and small toasting glasses available also!

You can visit their website at http://www.fellowshipfoundry.com/Contact Chivalry Sports for availability and pricing. (pg. 26)

HoneymoonHoneymoon

z It was believed that if the newly married couplewere to drink mead each evening for the duration ofone moon following the wedding, they were assured amale heir within one year. And, if that did occur, lavishgifts and accolades were bestowed upon themeadmaker (artisans that were highly revered at the

time). In other words, the couple drank mead (honeywine) for one month (moon) ... Thus the wordhoneymoon. The mead was drunk from a cup passeddown throughout the generations.

Pay for Airline Tickets and deposits

Keep in mind that many people vacation at certaintimes of the year. Find a place that suits how youfeel. Do you want to spend it on a beach?Mountains? Maybe backpacking through Europe.Check early with a travel agent to get all the planssettled far in advance so you can have a smoothtransition from wedding to honeymoon.

Supplier: Symphony TravelP.O. Box 37696Phoenix, AZ [email protected]


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Ceremony DecorationCeremony Decoration

z Ribbons have held a much-loved place in weddingtraditions since medieval times, when they were wornas declarations of celebration and given to guests as

mementos. Decorate trees, benches, ropes andflowers/bushes with small ribbons approx. 8" long inbright colors.z Vine arches are a symbol of growth, fertility, andrenewal. Also, when you pass through an arch it is anentrance to a new world.P Arches are rentable at most wedding/floral shops.You may be able to rent the vine spray.

P Ring the site [in a park] with rope with colorfulstrips of cloth tied-on every foot or so.P Hang homemade banners from the walls or from

poles. At the top of the banner leave a sleeve opening.Slide a dowel through it. Pound a nail into either endof the dowel, and add rope. In a second large doweladd a cup hook toward the top, and hang the bannerfrom it. This pole can be hammered into the ground foroutdoor weddings.

Plan Rehearsal DinnerPlan Rehearsal Dinner

We did not do this, and we should have. No matterhow small or informal, getting together the night beforeand getting everything scheduled is a good idea. Meetat a quiet coffee shop if you don't want somethingformal, or have it at one of your homes. Make sureeveryone understands their proper times, places, andresponsibilities. Planning the rehearsal dinner far in

advance lets everyone know to keep their calendarclear the night before the wedding.

**Note- do not offer alcohol if you can avoid it youdon't want it to turn into a party. Schedule the dinnerearly and suggest everyone go home early and getsome sleep!

Order W edding Band EngravingsOrder W edding Band Engravings

zThis is a wonderfully medieval tradition, and evendates back to ancient times when girls would have

clay beads with the date and initials carved in it towear as a charm necklace.

PMeet with your jeweler early, and confirm whatshould be engraved. Verify it more than once (by both

parties) for date and spelling accuracy. If you approvethe engraving and it is wrong, you will end up having topay for new rings (or live with the mistake!)

Keep A Record Of All Gifts ReceivedKeep A Record Of All Gifts Received

Mom always said "Write your thank you notes in atimely fashion", but even a few days can go by duringthis stressful time and you may not remember who

sent you that lovely platter or bedding. Keep a record

of gifts with all the information - 'from' and date at least-- in your card file or notebook. Write your thank younotes after you return from your Honeymoon.

Check T hat All B ridal Attire Has Been OrderedCheck T hat All B ridal Attire Has Been Ordered

Double check everything; make a sketch of what youwere looking for in the entire costume. Consult with alocal seamstress, SCA member, or someone who

might spot what may be missing. It can beheartbreaking to remember that wonderful item thenight before the wedding.


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NOT ES (and AdditionalNOT ES (and Additional R ecipes!)Recipes!)

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Life has taught us that love does not consist in gazing at each other but

in looking outward together in the same direction.

-Antoine de Saint-Exupery


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2 Months Before2 Months Before

Getting T he M en Involved T oo

Order F avors F or R eception

Shop F or W edding Accessories

Confirm F lowers, Ceremony A nd Reception R eservations

F irst Gown F itting

Start Addressing T he Invitations


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All's fair in love and war.

-Francis Edward Smedley


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Getting T he Men Involved T ooGetting T he Men Involved T oo

Make sure to have the men involved in every step here.Take measurements, fit them properly, and ask themwhat kind of look they want. Sometimes the schedulegets so hectic the men feel overwhelmed, and then left

out (yes, personal experience speaking here.)

Make sure all the accessories are thought about atthis time too.

If the men are ordering any type of armor or blades, the

orders must be well in advance.

Order F avors for R eceptionOrder F avors for Reception

Garter

z The garter toss is one of the oldest survivingwedding traditions. It was customary for friends,relatives, guests to accompany the bridal couple to the

marriage bed. Guests would sit at the end of the bedwith their backs to the bride and groom. Men wouldthrow the bride's stocking over their shoulder and try tohit her nose, while women would do the same for thegroom. As time went on, this became rowdier androwdier to the point that some guests were all tooeager to help the bride out of her wedding clothes. Toforestall such impropriety, the garters were quicklyremoved and thrown to the mob as a distraction.Smart brides began having men compete for the garterusually a foot or horse race. Also, many would giveout small colored ribbons called "favors" to guests asan attempt to avoid being turned upside down by men

eager for their garter. It has evolved into the traditionwe now know.Brides were sometimes stripped at the altar by themen getting favors. There are paintings depictingbrides with sleeves and bodice were totally be-ribbonedto avoid being stripped.


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Other favorsz In the world of chivalry, a favor was often a lady'sscarf or handkerchief, which she gave to her loverbefore he went into a battle or joust.z At Renaissance faires, favors are small pendants,ribbons, rosettes, tassels, or other wearable trinkets

often given by the nobility. These favors represent theesteem and affection of the giver for the recipient.P Some wedding favor ideas: Parchment scrollsprinted with a favorite poem and tied with velvet ribbon;miniature wreaths of dried flowers and herbs; velvetpouches filled with potpourri; small flasks of mead orfruit wine; tickets to a local Renaissance Festival;gold-foil-wrapped chocolate coins; little brass bells;bookmarks.

P A basket of home made candles, or beeswaxcandles can be placed in a basket by the table withthe guest book. Guests can take a candle as theyenter or leave the reception. The candles are easy tomake and not expensive. Beeswax is available in all

sorts of colors at craft shops. It is sold in sheets thatyou cut to size and roll around the wick to make acandle. Make two small candles sharing the samewick in wedding colors to symbolize the unity.P Put all the recipes for the reception food in acookbook. This solves another problem as well;guests with various dietary restrictions and allergiescan peruse the cookbook before going through thebuffet and decide which things they can eat.

Shop For W edding AccessoriesShop F or W edding Accessories

Remember all the little things; nylons, slippers,jewelry, hair ties/pins/flowers (and get extra!)Bridesmaids, Groomsmen, flower girl, ring bearer,

ushers whoever is in the party needs to finalize theirlists here.

Confirm F lowers, Ceremony And Reception ReservationsConfirm F lowers, Ceremony And Reception Reservations

After you have planned out what you want, getting anyfresh flowers to arrive on time is critical to a freshbouquet, or arrangement. I found a shop with a great

company discount. I called a month in advance. Iconfirmed twice. I prepaid by credit card and paid theextra delivery fee. I sat on my wedding day and criedas the flowers were still sitting at the shop a 45 minutedrive from my house. When I called the shop, they

said they were ready for me to pick up. On the ticketthe clerk read to me, it stated I had prepaid thedelivery charge and left the information, phone number

and directions. I strongly suggested the owner drivethe 45 minute drive to bring me the flowers thatmorning. This happened three years ago, and see howvivid the memory is? Confirm everything one moretime.

F irst Gown F ittF irst Gown F ittinging

Pay close attention to whether or not you can sitcomfortably in the dress, walk well and dance in theshoes, and laugh with the veil/headdress on.

Take your maid of honor along to see how to help youget into the dress on your wedding morning.

SS tart Addressing T he W edding Invitationstart Addressing T he W edding Invitations

Remember that list you made? Confirm each addressbefore addressing and stamping. Invitations andpostage add up pretty fast, and wasting even a couplecan start to get frustrating. Make sure to have

someone help, make a party out of it with yourbridesmaids or friends, or a romantic evening with yourfiancee.


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1Month Before1Month Before

Confirm Rehearsals

Confirm L odging F or Out Of T own Guests

Purchase F inal P arty Supplies, W edding A lbum, Guest Book

Gifts

Have T he F inal F itting On Y our W edding A ttire

Apply F or M arriage L icense W ith F iancee


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One word frees us of all the weight and pain in life.

That word is love.

-Sophocles


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Confirm RehearsalsConfirm Rehearsals

6 Send out schedules letting your wedding party knowwhere they are needed and when (rehearsal, pictures,etc.) a few weeks before the big day.

Confirm L odgiConfirm L odging For Outng F or Out--OfOf--T own GuestsT own Guests

P Make sure everyone has the address, phonenumber and "how to get there" from the airport to thehotel. Send an extra copy for them to leave with the

people at home who could not attend so they can bereached.

Purchase F inPurchase F inal Party Supplies, W edding Album, Guest Bookal Party Supplies, W edding Album, Guest Book

6 Decide what you want ahead of time, and call around

to find out where to find the items. Party supply storesare great, but can be time consuming and expensive ifyou just walk in and buy everything you want there.

$ Use the yellow pages and call around first, since you

are buying in large quantities call restaurant suppliersfor rental or large purchase discounts.

GiftsGifts

P A new take on the Scottish tradition of the groomgiving his bride an engraved "wedding spune" is to givethe mothers of the bride and groom silver servingspoons engraved with your initials and your weddingdate.z

An ancient tradition is to have a bead inscribed withthe initials and date of the wedding.P Other gift ideas: bookmarks; mugs with names

and the wedding date on it; small flasks of mead orfruit wine; a thank you scroll rolled up with a gold ringaround it (and a gift certificate to their favorite store orrestaurant).P Showering gifts upon the bride and groom is a

given at weddings, but it is the thoughtful couple who,in turn, give their new in-laws gifts in thanks andremembrance of the day.

Have T he F inal F itting On Y our W edding AttireHave T he F inal F itting On Y our W edding Attire

At your final fitting, pay close attention to how theoutfit moves with you, the comfort, and don't forget totry sitting and dancing in it. Try on everything; theheadpiece if you can, the shoes, etc. Make sure it is

all working together. If there is a problem, speak up!Don't worry about complaining, that is why you aretrying it on so far ahead.

Apply F or Marriage L icense W ith F ianceeApply F or M arriage L icense W ith F iancee

Check with your county about special requirements forthe license. Many counties and states vary, and waittimes/processing times vary also. I sat in the office for

three hours the same morning I was to pick up myfamily at the airport. Thank goodness for flight delays!


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NOT E SNOT E S

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A good marriage is like a casserole, only those responsible for it really know what goes in it.

-- Anonymous


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1to 2 W eeks Before1to 2 W eeks Before

F inalize Decorating And F lowers S chedules

Give Caterer F inal Guest Count

Confirm A ll Costumes

Confirm Reservations

P ick Up Honeymoon T ickets

Pack For Honeymoon


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Keep your eyes wide open before marriage, half shut afterwards. - Benjamin Franklin


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F inalize F lowers And Decorating ScheduleF inalize F lowers And Decorating Schedule

Confirm all decorating schedules with your volunteers,and make sure to have a few extra people just in case.

Give each of them the full schedule, just in case theyneed to fill in for someone else.

Give Caterer A F inal Guest CountGive Caterer A F inal Guest Count

If finances allow, plan for 10 percent more people thanyou have on the list. Otherwise, check your numbers

one last time (and get a second count from someonehelping) to avoid a shortage.

Confirm All CoConfirm All Costumingstuming

Get every piece of accessories together with the costumes, and have them ready for a final fitting. A 'dress' rehearsal

the night before can eliminate wedding day panic for everyone in the wedding party.


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Confirm: S ites, Music, Photo, V ideo, T rConfirm: Sites, Music, Photo, V ideo, T ransportation, F lowers,ansportation, F lowers,

F ood, EntertainmentF ood, Entertainment

This is where that handy notebook will really pay off.

Pick Up Honeymoon T icketsPick Up Honeymoon T ickets

Try to pack them in a very safe place that you both willremember. Also pack any visas, passports, itinerariesand other information you will need.

Leave a copy of your itinerary with both families incase of emergency.

Pack For Y our HoneymoonPack F or Y our Honeymoon

Cover all you need for where you are going; suntanlotion, winter clothing, etc.


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T he Day of the W eddingT he Day of the W edding

Have Emergency Kit W ith Y ou

Get Hair Done

Begin Dressing 1-1/ 2 Hours B

Documents

Medieval Wedding Guide