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Medium and Heavy-Duty Hybrid Trucks for Municipal
Operations
Clean Transportation Clean Transportation Technologies and Technologies and SolutionsSolutions SMSM
Richard ParishSenior Program Manager
Federation of Canadian MunicipalitiesSept. 16, 2010
Copyright CALSTART 2010 2
CALSTART
CALSTART is a unique non-profit, member- supported clean transportation organization. •HQ in California; projects in North America; members internationally.Founded: 1992 as a public-private partnership to launch and grow a clean transportation industry.Mission: via programs and services, supporting and expanding the growth of a clean transportation technologies industry that will:
• Create high-quality jobs;• Clean the air;• Reduce dependence on foreign oil; and• Reduce global warming emissions
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CALSTART Has Broad Membership: Industry/Public Sector/User Support
(partial list)
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Trends & Drivers of Change• ENERGY SECURITY: FUEL SUPPLY AND COSTS –
Traditional fuel supplies not keeping up with (non recession) demand– The need for biofuels is increasing but so are questions about their impacts/benefits– RFS2 rules at federal level – Biofuels grow as fuel blends; 2nd gen biofuels emerging– Regional fuel variation and choice becoming more prevalent
• GLOBAL WARMING – Push to reduce GHGs intensifying and pushing fuel economy – focus and urgency increasing
– U.S. EPA says GHG is a health danger – will regulate under clean air act• California LD CO2 tailpipe rules approved by new EPA• CAFÉ revised to match CA CO2 rules:
– Carbon regulation AND fuel efficiency rules for med & heavy trucks being developed
– States/communities remain GHG leaders – Calif AB 32 increases momentum– Energy efficiency reduces GHG impact; Fuel switching and blending reduces GHG
impact; Modal split (transit and rail) has long term role
• EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS – World population increasingly urban and world emission standards increasingly move to CA/Euro standards
– The new emissions regulations will be carbon– HOWEVER, new ozone rules will cause even tougher regional air rules for trucks– Fine particulates (nano particles) will be of increasing concern from combustion– Diesel fuel still challenged in dirtiest regions (ports, Southern California)
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Benefits of Hybrid Truck Technology to U.S. and Canada
• Hybridization provides significant immediate benefits– ENERGY SECURITY: Reduced fuel
consumption (30-50%)– EMISSIONS/CLIMATE: Reduced
criteria (NOx) and GHG emissions (10-60%)
• One of few strategies to improve on 2010 emissions reductions
– ECONOMY: North American leadership in technology, manufacturing
Fuel consumption reduction from HTUF field testing data
Reductions come just from hybrid system, no additional after-treatment
CO2 reductions closely tracked fuel reduction percentages
Emissions/fuel reduction from HTUF dyno testing data performed at SwRI
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Hybrid Truck Users Forum (HTUF)
• User-driven process to commercialize medium- and heavy-duty hybrid trucks
• Joint CALSTART-U.S. Army program (RDECOM-TARDEC-NAC)– Also supported by Hewlett Foundation,
support from DOE, DOT• HTUF focuses on commercializing
hybrid trucks with dual-use benefits – Speed commercialization and reduce
overall costs by creating common fleet requirements, joint purchase commitments, increasing volumes
All Major Truck Makers and System Suppliers involved
(partial list)
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HTUF Conferences & WGs: A Market Development & Transformation Process
• Annual HTUF Conferences are North America’s primary hybrid and high efficiency truck industry meetings
• The HTUF process has sped market introduction by 2-5 years (5 years according to fleets)
• The Conferences uniquely bring together the full range of key stakeholders in one place:
– fleet vehicle users (commercial and military) – vehicle manufacturers– suppliers and technology developers– regulators – researchers– NGOs
• The Conferences provide the clearest window on industry status and reality; technology developments; field-test data and real-world performance evaluations; hands-on experience via ride-and-drives; and developing the action agenda for the industry.
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HTUF Working Groups
• Active Working Groups:– Class 8 – Hybrid Class 8b Regional Delivery &
Drayage– Telecommunication trucks – Hybrid Class3/4
work trucks & vans (self-supported group)– Utility trucks – Hybrid Electric Class 7/8
International/Eaton Bucket Trucks (completed); Class 4/5 Bucket Trucks
– Parcel Delivery trucks – Hydraulic Hybrid Class 6 Package Delivery
– Refuse Truck – Hydraulic and Electric Hybrid Class 8 Crane Carrier Rear Loader Refuse Trucks (deployed in NYC Dept. of Sanitation)
– Commercial Construction Equipment – more efficient loaders, excavators, bulldozers, etc.
– Military Hybrid Non-Tactical Vehicle – production hybrid trucks to be deployed on military installations
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First HTUF Success: Utility Bucket Truck
• Deployed and completed field evaluation of 24 International/Eaton Class 6/7 bucket trucks
• Fuel economy improvements: 10% – 55% reduction in fuel use depending upon duty cycle
• Got the hybrid commercial truck market “off the ground”• Led to offerings of similar hybrid trucks from Freightliner,
Peterbilt, Kenworth, and variants from Dueco/Odyne• Hybrid trucks now available in a wide variety of
configurations including flatbeds, stake beds, package delivery, tree service, food delivery, regional tractors, etc.
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Plug in Hybrid Trucks Emerge: Several Utility Industry Variants
• Commercial work trucks show potential for PHEV functionality before cars
• Extra energy storage boosts idle reduction/work site engine-off ops
• Diesel fuel costs cause rapid review of potential business case– Energy Storage costs still high
• Dueco-Odyne first into market– Plug-in hybrid utility bucket trucks – PHEV “digger-derrick” version 6/08, a
higher power-demand work truck– Trucks carry 35 kwh of energy storage
(lead-acid, 3000 pounds) for long work site ops
– PHEV underground compressor truck • Eaton has two prototypes
– Class 6/7 variant based on production truck, system
– Class 5 “Superduty” prototype with EPRI
Dueco-Odyne plug- in “material handler” (above), “digger-derrick” (middle), compressor truck (bottom).
Plug-in port
Eaton PHEV utility trucks
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Hybrid Medium Duty Trucks Expand to Both New & Heavier Applications
• Navistar extends weight class from 23,500 to 37,000 lbs (into Class 8 range)– 6 engine horsepower/ torque
combinations– Showcases hybrids for tree-
trimming, wrecker, dump, crane and beverage
• Peterbilt adds dump truck variant to cargo and utility body
• Freightliner shows M2 delivery and beverage bodies, new bus and RV platforms
• Posi Plus shows tandem axle utility truck to 40,000 lbs
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Hydraulic Hybrids Coming on Scene
• Several pre- production and near production models shown: Eaton, Bosch Rexroth, Parker
• Parallel and Series architecture
• FCCC – Parker series parcel strip chassis showed impressive integration, potential fuel savings
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All Electric Drive Trucks Emerging
• Capacity “PHETT”– Plug-in, series hybrid
design
• Balqon all-electric port trucks– Up to 40-60 miles range
• Freightliner Custom Chassis and Enova electric parcel truck (in testing)
• Smith “Newton” electric truck (in early production)
• Navistar/Modec electric truck (in early production Q1 2010)
Every truck here is: Hybrid Electric, Hybrid Hydraulic, Plug-in Hybrid or all-Electric – and 70%Are in early production
HTUF 2009HTUF 2009
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Hybrid Vehicle Deployment
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Hybrid Vehicle Deployment
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Hybrid Vehicle Peformance
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New York City Hybrid Trucks
• Department of Sanitation – 3 Crane Carrier/ISE electric hybrid refuse trucks– 2 Crane Carrier/Bosch Rexroth hydraulic hybrid
Refuse trucks– 1 Mack electric hybrid refuse truck– 1 Kenworth T370 electric hybrid stake bed– 1 Hino cab-over electric hybrid
• Parks Department– 17 Kenworth T370 electric hybrids (8 rack bodies;
9 dump truck bodies)– Expected 30% fuel savings; getting close to 40%
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Clean Transportation Technologies and Solutions SM
www.calstart.org
For info contact:
Richard Parish(303)825-7550 [email protected]
