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MENSTRUATION,GENDERANDRIGHTS:INTERDISCIPLINARYAPPROACHES

Spring2020Coursenumber:HRTS44360GUClassTime:Wednesday,4:10to6pmClassroom:xxxLeadInstructor:IngaWinklerOffice:Interchurch308COffice Hours: Wed 9:30 to 11:30 am orbyappointmentPhone:(646)745-8524Email:inga.winkler@columbia.edu

The course will be taught by an interdisciplinary team of faculty members withbackgrounds in human rights, law, epidemiology, anthropology, biomedical informatics,computer science, economics, and women’s and gender studies, who are fellows in theWorkingGrouponMenstrualHealth&GenderJustice.Theleadinstructorwillbepresentthroughout the course andwill be joined by one or several co-instructors for individualsessions.

- IngaWinkler,InstitutefortheStudyofHumanRights- NoémieElhadad,BiomedicalInformatics,ColumbiaUniversityMedicalCenter

(ne60@cumc.columbia.edu)- LaurenHoughton,Epidemiology,MailmanSchoolofPublicHealth

(lh2746@cumc.columbia.edu)- AnjaBenshaul-Tolonen,Economics,BarnardCollege(guestspeaker,

atolonen@barnard.edu)- ChrisBobel,Women’s,GenderandSexualityStudies,UMassBoston(guestspeaker,

Chris.Bobel@umb.edu)CourseSynopsisThecoursewillexplorethe contemporary discourse around menstruation asakeyentrypointforgender justice in global and local contexts.Therecent shift inpublicdiscoursearoundmenstruation is crucial because efforts to support menstruators across the lifespan notonly confer health benefits but are also part of an enduring project of pursuing genderequality andwomen’s rights. Centering attention onmenstrual health resists pernicioussocial control of women’s bodies and recognizes the body as foundational, urgent andpolitically relevant. This is why menstruation matters: it unites the personal and thepolitical,theintimateandthepublic,thephysiologicalandthesocio-cultural.Thecourseexaminesgenderjusticeandwomen’srightsthroughthelensofmenstruation,discussingquestionsofgenderstereotyping, transnational feminism,andgender identity.

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Students will gain an understanding of the relevance of menstruation across differentspheresof lifecombiningbio-medicalandsocio-cultural factors.Wewillask:What is therelationshipbetweenmenstruation,humanrightsandgenderequality?Whatdoesitmeantoapproachmenstrualhealthresearch froman interdisciplinaryperspective? --Over thecourse of the semester, we will examine different spheres of life, including health,education,equalityintheworkplace,freedomofreligion,andculturalrights.Indoingso,thecoursewillpayparticularattentiontotheintersectionofgenderandothermarkersofinequalities,includingdisability,socio-economicstatus,age,caste,andgenderidentity.Together,wewillexplore:

(i) howdifferentfieldsmakeuniquecontributionstothestudyofmenstruation;(ii) howquestionsofdataandresearchdesigninthemenstrualhealthsphereshape

ourunderstandingofchallengesandinjustices;(iii) how interdisciplinary approaches (and combining qualitative and quantitative

methodologies)mayfillsomeoftheresearchgapsweidentify;and(iv) howtocommunicateresearchresultsintheircomplexitytoabroaderaudience.

LearningObjectivesUponcompletingthiscourse,youwillbeableto:

- Analyze current challenges in the context of women’s rights and gender justicethroughthelensofmenstruationandcriticallyinterrogatecurrentdevelopmentsonmenstruationasasignificantsiteofstruggleforgenderequalityandwomen’srights

- Assess the relevantbodyof researchonmenstruation (includingquantitative andqualitative data, impact evaluations for policy programming from differencedisciplinary backgrounds including anthropology, law, economics, biomedicalinformatics,epidemiologyandothers),identifygapsinresearch

- Develop proposals for interdisciplinary research designs to fill these gaps bycollaboratingwithaninterdisciplinaryteam

- CommunicateresearchresultsintheircomplexitytoabroaderaudienceTomeettheseobjectives,thecoursewillexploretherolemenstruationplaysindifferentspheresoflifeusingitasaproxyforbroaderchallengesforgenderjustice.We consider work in groups an essential component of the course, as working acrossdisciplinesoftenrequiresengagingwithdifferentviewpointsandapproaches.Inaddition,weseektoenablestudentstocommunicateresearchfindingsandareplanningtointegrateaworkshopwithTheOpEdProjectintothecourseforthatpurpose.

CourseMaterialsNo course book is required. Course materials will be made available to students at thebeginning of the semester. Many of the materials will be chapters of the forthcomingHandbookofCriticalMenstruationStudiesthattheinstructorshaveeditedandcontributedto, respectively. The majority of materials is available on CourseWorks. The remainingmaterialshavebeenputonReserveintheLehmanLibrary.

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In addition to scholarly texts, we have assigned OpEds and other public writing almosteveryweek. As youwill bewriting your ownOpEd,wewant you to familiarize yourselfwiththisstyleofwriting,soapart fromcontent,pleasepaycloseattentionto formatandstyle.(***Ifthereadinglistsseemlong,that’smostlybecausethepiecesareshort!***)Wewillalsousedocumentaries,videoclips,andothervisualmaterialsinclass.Requirements

- Midterm:Ashortpaperfocusedonmenstrualstigma(6-8doublespacedpages)inresponsetoapromptthatasksforcomparingdifferentdisciplinaryapproaches(25%ofgrade).ThemidtermisdueMarch11.

- Group project: A research proposal (25 pages, double-spaced) for aninterdisciplinaryresearchprojectonmenstruation(35%)Theproposalwillincludeanextensiveliteraturereviewpresentingthestateoftheartof researchonaparticular issue (e.g.menstrual leave) indifferentdisciplines,identifyresearchgapsanddevelopaninterdisciplinaryresearchdesigntoaddressthese gaps.Over the courseof the semester, groupswill continuouslybe in touchwiththeteamofinstructorstodeveloptheirproposalsbasedonseveralroundsoffeedback.

YouwillfirstpresentyourideasforyourproposalinclassonFeb.26.AnabstractisdueonMarch4.DraftproposalsaredueonApril1.YouwilldoapresentationinclassonApril29.FinalproposalsaredueonMay6.Please note: Thepresentations, abstract anddraft are formative tasks. You will receive feedback that groups are expected to incorporate to strengthen their proposals. These formative tasks will not be graded individually, but rather factor into the overall grade for your proposal. Submitting drafts late will result in grade deductionsaccordingtothepolicybelow.

- An OpEd (800 words) that communicates the complexity of a particular topic

relatedtomenstruationtoageneralaudience(25%).Students will benefit from a program with The OpEd Project to learn aboutcommunicatingresearchresultsandpublicengagement.TheywillpitchtheirOpEdsto different venues, and unless another venue is secured they will have theopportunity to publish their pieces on the Working Group’s blog atperiodsatcolumbia.com.AdraftOpEdisdueonApril8.ThefinalOpEdisdueonMay6.

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- Participation in class and interactive in-class exercises that practiceinterdisciplinarythinking,researchskills,andcommunicationskills(15%).

MoredetailsforallassignmentswillbepostedonCourseWorks.

WritingCenters.Fordrafting thepapersandproposals, studentsareencouraged tousethe Writing Centers. More information about the centers and the possibility to makeappointments is available at http://www.college.columbia.edu/core/uwp/writing-centerandhttp://writing.barnard.edu/.Extensionpolicy.Assignmentsshouldbecompletedbytheduedate,firstsothatstudentscankeepupwiththeirworkinthisandotherclasses,andsecondsothattheycancultivateaprofessionalhabitofturninginworkontime.Extensions will only be granted on an exceptional basis, such as illness or a familyemergency.Extensionswillnotbegrantedforpoortimemanagement.Studentswhowishto request an extension should email the instructor to ask for the extension; give thereason; and specify the additional time needed. Extensionswill be decided on a case-bycase basis based on supporting documentation. If there is no documented reason for anexception,studentswillreceiveagradereductionpenaltyforanyworksubmittedlate.Latesubmissionswill reduceyourassignmentgradeby⅓ofa lettergradeper twodaysafterthedeadline(thatis,fromwhatwouldhavebeenanAtoanA-forassignmentsthataresubmittedafterthedeadlineupto48hourslate,toaB+forassignmentsthatare48to96hourslate,toaBforassignmentsthatare96to144hourslateetc.).Finalassignmentsat the end of the semester cannot be submitted late unless students are granted anIncompletebytheirSchool.AcademicIntegrityStudentsareexpectedtodotheirownworkonallassignmentsforthiscourseandact inaccordancewiththeFacultyStatementonAcademicIntegrityandHonorCodeestablishedby the students of Columbia College and the School of General Studies. Because anyacademic integrity violation undermines our intellectual community, students found tohavecheated,plagiarized,orcommittedanyotheractofacademicdishonestycanexpectacademicsanctionsandmaybereferredtotheDean’sDisciplineprocess.Studentsareencouragedtofamiliarizethemselveswithdifferentformsofplagiarismandwhat they involve. Apart from verbatim copying, paraphrasing text in different wordswithoutacknowledgingthesourcesalsoamountstoplagiarism.Studentsareencouragedtouse theColumbiaUniversityUndergraduateGuide toAcademic Integrity,whichprovidesmoredetailedinformation.StudentswithdisabilitiesStudents with disabilities have rights to reasonable accommodation. In order to ensuretheirrights,itistheresponsibilityofstudentstoreportanylearning-relateddisabilities,todosoinatimelyfashion,andtodosothroughtheOfficeofDisabilityServices.Studentscan

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contact Disability Services at 212-854-2388 and disability@columbia.edu. Students whohavedocumentedconditionsandaredeterminedbyDStoneedindividualizedserviceswillbe provided an DS-certified ‘Accommodation Letter’. It is students’ responsibility toprovide this letter to the instructorsand insodoingrequest thestatedaccommodations.Studentsareencouragedtoconfirmaccommodationneedswiththeinstructorduringofficehours.

©RupiKaurandPrabhSainiCourseOverviewThefirstthreesessionsfocusonoverarchingconceptsandsituatemenstruationinthecontextofgender,connectingbiologicalandsocio-culturalfactors.Wewillthenmoveintospecificfieldsincludinghealth,culture,religion,workandeducation,exploringthelivedexperiencesandmarginalizationofmenstruators.Thelastfewsessionswillfocusonactivismandpolicydevelopmentsthatchallengethestatusquo.1) SettingtheScene:Menstruation,GenderandRights(January22)2) MenstrualStigma(January29)3) ALifecourseApproach:FromInfancytoMenopause(February5)4) FemTechtoAdvanceMenstrualHealth(February12)5) Menstruation,CultureandReligion(February19)6) WorkonGroupProjects(February26)7) MenstruationandEducation(March4)8) TransgenderandNon-BinaryMenstruators(March11)9) SpringRecess(March18)10) MenstruationatWorkandBeyond(March25)11) OpEdProjectWorkshop(Friday,April3–allday)12) MenstrualActivism&ChallengingMenstrualNorms(April8)13) USPolicyDevelopments(April15)14) MHMintheContextofGlobalDevelopment(April22)15) Grouppresentations(April29)

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Classcalendarandreadinglist***Subjecttochange***1) SettingtheScene:Menstruation,GenderandRights(January22)Whatistherelationshipbetweenmenstruation,humanrightsandgenderequality?Whatdoesitmeantoapproachmenstrualhealthresearchfromaninterdisciplinaryperspective?Leads:IngaWinker,LaurenHoughton,NoemieElhadad,ChrisBobelRequiredreadings:

- GloriaSteinem:IfMenCouldMenstruate- AbigailJones,TheFighttoEndPeriodShamingIsGoingMainstream,Newsweek,20

April2016,availableat:https://www.newsweek.com/2016/04/29/womens-periods-menstruation-tampons-pads-449833.html

- Bobel,Chris.“MenstrualPadsCan’tFixPrejudice:Opinion,NewYorkTimes,2018- ChandraBozelko:Prisonsthatwithholdmenstrualpadshumiliatewomenand

violatebasicrights,Guardian- CassBliss,MenstruatingwhileTrans(Poem)- IngaWinkler&VirginiaRoaf,Takingthebloodylinenoutofthecloset-Menstrual

hygieneasapriorityforachievinggenderequality,CardozoJournalofLawandGender2015(21/1),1-37

2) MenstrualStigma(January29)Exploremenstrualstigmaattherootofmanychallengesrelatedtomenstruation.Whataretheoriginsofmenstrualstigmaandhowisitperpetuated?Whatroledoesthepersistenceoftheconcealmentimperative,andstandardsoffemininityplay?Howaredifferentpopulationgroupsaffectedbyadoublestigma?Whatareeffortstochallengestigmaandstereotypes?Lead:IngaWinklerRequiredreadings:

- Johnston-Robledo,Ingrid,andJoanChrisler.2013.“TheMenstrualMark:MenstruationasSocialStigma.”SexRoles68(1–2):9–18.doi:10.1007/s11199-011-0052-z

- EmilyMartin,MedicalMetaphorsofWomen'sBodies:MenstruationandMenopause,InternationalJournalofHealthServices,Volume:18issue:2,page(s):237-254

- Kissling,ElizabethArveda."BleedingoutLoud:CommunicationaboutMenstruation."Feminism&Psychology6,no.4(November1,1996):481-504.doi:10.1177/0959353596064002.

- AnnieMcCarthy&KuntalaLahiri-Dutt:BleedinginPublic?RethinkingNarrativesofMenstrualManagementfromDelhi’sSlums,Handbook

- LindaSteeleandBethGoldblatt,Thehumanrightsofwomenandgirlswithdisabilities:Sterilizationandothercoerciveresponsestomenstruation,Handbook

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- RobynStewardetal.,“LifeisMuchMoreDifficulttoManageDuringPeriods”:AutisticExperiencesofMenstruation,Handbook

Additionalreadings:

- ErvingGoffmann,Stigma:NotesontheManagementofSpoiledIdentity,1963(excerpts)

- SandraBarkty.1990.FemininityandDomination:StudiesinthePhenomenologyofOppression,Chapter6:ShameandGender.

- JillWood:MenstrualPolitics:TheConcealmentImperative,Handbook- ElaPrzybyloandBreanneFahs:EmpoweredBleedersandCrankyMenstruators:

MenstrualPositivityandthe“Liberated”EraofNewMenstrualProductAdvertisements,Handbook

- PatriciaHillCollinsandSirmaBilge.2016.Intersectionality,Chapters1,2,and4.- KimberléCrenshaw.‘DemarginalizingtheIntersectionofRaceandSex:ABlack

FeministCritiqueAntidiscriminationDoctrine,FeministTheoryandAntiracistPolitics,’TheUniversityofChicagoLegalForum(1989),pp.139-167

- Herbert,AnnC.etal.2017.“PubertyExperiencesofLow-IncomeGirlsintheUnitedStates:ASystematicReviewofQualitativeLiteratureFrom2000to2014.”JournalofAdolescentHealth60,363-379.

- VenkatramanChandra-MouliandSheilaVipulPatel:Mappingtheknowledgeandunderstandingofmenarche,menstrualhygieneandmenstrualhealthamongadolescentgirlsinlow-andmiddle-incomecountries,ReprodHealth2017;14:30

3) ALifecourseApproach:FromInfancytoMenopause(February5)Theexperienceofmenstruationdiffersacrossthelifecoursefrominfancytomenopause.Thereisalsovastvariationworldwideinthetimingofmenstrualeventsacrosspopulations.Wewillexplorethemenstrualcycle,itsunderlyinghormonesandthetimingofmenstrualeventsandtheimplicationsofthesemenstrualfactorsforhealth.Lead:LaurenHoughtonandIngaWinklerReading:

- EllisonPT1,Panter-BrickC,LipsonSF,O'RourkeMT.Theecologicalcontextofhumanovarianfunction.HumReprod.1993Dec;8(12):2248-58.

- P.Cole,B.MacMahon.Oestrogenfractionsduringearlyreproductivelifeintheaetiologyofbreastcancer,Lancet,i(1969),pp.604-606

- LynnetteLeidySievert.ShouldWomenMenstruate?AnEvolutionaryPerspectiveonMenstrual-SuppressingOralContraceptives,inEvolutionaryMedicineORAnEvolutionaryPerspectiveonPremenstrualSyndrome:ImplicationsforInvestigatingInfectiousCausesofChronicDisease,CarolineDoyle,HollyA.SwainEwald,andPaulW.Ewald

- YoavBen-Shlomo,DianaKuh,Alifecourseapproachtochronicdiseaseepidemiology:conceptualmodels,empiricalchallengesandinterdisciplinaryperspectives,InternationalJournalofEpidemiology,Volume31,Issue2,April2002,Pages285–293,https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/31.2.285

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- JulieHenneganetal.,Women’sandgirls’experiencesofmenstruationinlow-andmiddle-incomecountries:Asystematicreviewandqualitativemetasynthesis,PLOSMedicine.

- ShailiniVora:BleedingontheStreets:homelesswomen’slivedexperienceofmenstruation,in:ChrisBobeletal.(eds.),HandbookofCriticalMenstruationStudies,PalgraveMacMillan,forthcoming2020

- Przybylo,E.,&Fahs,B.(2018).Feelsandflows:Ontherealnessofmenstrualpainandcrippingmenstrualchronicity.FeministFormations,30(1),206-229

4) FemTechtoAdvanceMenstrualHealth(February12)Explore the impact of menstrual stigma on women’s health using the diagnosis of endometriosis as an entry point. How can we improve the patient-provider relationship? What do we know about women’s menstrual health? What do we not know? And how can we improve? Lead:NoémieElhadadandIngaWinklerRequiredreadings:

- MayaDusenbery.2018.DoingHarm,TheTruthAboutHowBadMedicineandLazyScienceLeaveWomenDismissed,Misdiagnosed,andSick,HarperCollins.(excerpts)

- NnoahamKE,HummelshojL,WebsterP,d’HoogheT,deCiccoNardoneF,deCiccoNardoneC,etal.Impactofendometriosisonqualityoflifeandworkproductivity:amulticenterstudyacrosstencountries.FertilSteril2011;96:366–73.e8.

- McKillopM,MamakynaL,ElhadadN.DesigningintheDark:ElicitingSelf-trackingDimensionsforUnderstandingEnigmaticDisease.ACMSIGCHI2018;doi:10.1145/3173574.3174139

- NoemieElhadadetal.,TheInvisibleWorkofPatientsandProvidersinanEnigmaticChronicDisease

- HeatherGuidoneTheWombWandersNot:EnhancingEndometriosisEducationinaCultureofMenstrualMisinformation,Handbook

- SumpterC,TorondelB.Asystematicreviewofthehealthandsocialeffectsofmenstrualhygienemanagement.PLoSOne2013;8:e6200

5) Menstruation,CultureandReligion(February19)Menstruationisaboutsomuchmorethanblood.Whatarethesocio-culturalandreligiousmeaningsofmenstruation?Howaretheseperceivedandpresented?Doesmenstruationrestrictwomenandgirls?–WewilllookatdifferentexamplesofstrugglessuchasthemovementagainstchhaupadiinNepalandthemovementattheSabarimalaTempleinIndia.Wewillexploredifferentconceptionsofwomen’sagencybeyondWesternliberalfeministthought.Lead:IngaWinklerandChrisBobel(tbc)Requiredreadings:

- CEDAW/CRC,GeneralcommentonHarmfulpractices

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- RoseGeorge,BloodSpeaks,Mosaic,March11,2014,availableat:https://mosaicscience.com/story/menstrual-taboo-periods-shame-women/

- SaraParkerandKayStanding,Nepal’smenstrualhuts:whatcanbedoneaboutthispracticeofconfiningwomentocowsheds?,TheConversation,23January2019,availableat:http://theconversation.com/nepals-menstrual-huts-what-can-be-done-about-this-practice-of-confining-women-to-cow-sheds-109904

- IlanaCohen:MenstruationandReligion:DevelopingaCriticalMenstrualStudiesApproach,Handbook

- Kapur,Ratna(2018),Gender,AlterityandHumanRights:FreedominaFishbowl.Cheltenham:EdwardElgar,Chapter2

- DeepthiSukumar,CasteisMyPeriod,Handbook- CarmelChristy,Sabarimalatemple:HowtheIndianmediafellintothetrapofcaste

andgenderstereotypes,TheConversation,21January2019,availableat:https://theconversation.com/sabarimala-temple-how-the-indian-media-fell-into-the-trap-of-caste-and-gender-stereotypes-109897

- WinklerI,BobelC.“TouchthePickle!”Myth-Busting,ModernityandSaviorisminRepresentationsofMenstrualBeliefsandPracticesinthePopularMedia

Additionalreadings:

- AlmaGottlieb,MenstrualTaboos:MovingbeyondtheCurse,Handbook- Mohanty,ChandraTalpade.1984.“UnderWesternEyes:FeministScholarshipand

ColonialDiscourses”boundary2,12,no.3(Spring–Autumn):333-358- Abu-Lughod,Lila(2013),DoMuslimWomenNeedSaving?Cambridge,MA:Harvard

UniversityPress(excerpts)- Kapur,Ratna(2002),TheTragedyofVictimizationRhetoric:Resurrectingthe

"Native"SubjectinInternational/PostcolonialFeministLegalPolitics,15Harv.Hum.Rts.J.1-37

- SabaMahmood,ThePoliticsofPiety,TheIslamicRevivalandtheFeministSubject,PrincetonUniversityPress,2005,Chapters1and5

- Ranabhat,Chhabi,Chun-BaeKim,andEunHeeChoi(2015),ChhaupadiCultureandReproductiveHealthofWomeninNepal,https://doi.org/10.1177/1010539515602743

- SaraE.Baumann,PemaLhaki&JessicaG.Burke(2019):AssessingtheRoleofCaste/EthnicityinPredictingMenstrualKnowledge,Attitudes,andPracticesinNepal,GlobalPublicHealth,DOI:10.1080/17441692.2019.1583267

6) Workongroupprojects(February26)***Studentpresentation:Initialideasonresearchproposal***Groupwork:developingresearchproposalsOverviewofdoingmixedmethodsresearchLead:LaurenHoughtonandIngaWinklerReadings:Pleaseselectrelevantmethodologicalchaptersforyourproject.

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- ZhangW,CreswellJ.TheUseof“Mixing”ProcedureofMixedMethodsinHealthServicesResearch.MedCare.2013Aug.Availablefrom:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23860333

- BårdA.Andreassen,Hans-OttoSano,SiobhánMcInerney-Lankford(ed.),ResearchMethodsinHumanRights,AHandbook(selectchaptersdependingonyourproject)

- SharleneNagyHesse-Biber,FeministResearchPractice,APrimer,2nded.(selectchaptersdependingonyourproject)

7) MenstruationandEducation(March4)***Abstractforresearchproposaldue***Manyofthedevelopmentsonmenstrualhealthandhygienehavebeenmotivatedbytheclaimthatgirlsdropoutofschoolwhenmenstruating.Yet,whatdoweknowaboutmenstruationandschoolabsenteeism?Isthatthekeyissue?Howdoesmenstrualstigmainfluencelearningexperiences?Andwhyismenstrualeducationsoimportant?Howdoquantitativeandqualitativeresearchinformourknowledgeontheseissues?Lead:AnjaBenshaul-TolonenandIngaWinklerRequiredreadings:

- Mason,Linda,etal."‘Wekeepitsecretsonooneshouldknow’–AqualitativestudytoexploreyoungschoolgirlsattitudesandexperienceswithmenstruationinruralWesternKenya."PloSOne8.11(2013):e79132.

- Oster,Emily,andRebeccaThornton."Determinantsoftechnologyadoption:Peereffectsinmenstrualcuptake-up."JournaloftheEuropeanEconomicAssociation10.6(2012):1263-1293.

- AnjaBenshaul-Tolonen,GaraziZulaika,MarniSommer,andPenelopeAPhillips-Howard,MeasuringMenstruation-relatedAbsenteeismAmongAdolescentsinLow-IncomeCountries,Handbook

- PhineasRueckert,WhyPeriodsAreKeepingGirlsOutofSchool—andHowYouCanHelp,GlobalCitizen,30May,2018,availableat:https://www.globalcitizen.org/en/content/menstrual-hygiene-day-education/

- KateWilkinson,Nodatashows1in10Africangirlsmissschoolbecauseofmenstruation,AFricaCheck,26September2016,availableat:https://africacheck.org/reports/no-data-shows-1-in-10-african-girls-miss-school-because-of-menstruation/

Additionalreadings:

- Sommer,Marni,NanaAckatia-Armah,SusanConnolly,andDanaSmiles.2014.“AcomparisonofthemenstruationandeducationexperiencesofgirlsinTanzania,Ghana,CambodiaandEthiopia.Compare45,no.4,1-21.

- OsterandThornton“Menstruation,sanitaryproducts,andschoolattendance:Evidencefromarandomizedevaluation”AEJApplied,2012.

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8) Transgender&non-binarymenstruation(March11)***Midtermdue***Howcanweensurethatourdiscussiononmenstruationisinclusive?Howdotransgenderandnon-binarymenstruatorsexperiencemenstruation?Howaretheirhealthcareneedsandotherneedsaddressed?Howdoesthelanguageweusesignalinclusivity?Isthetermmenstruatoruseful?Whatdotrans-exclusionaryradicalfeminists(TERFs)meanwhentheyspeakabouta‘riskoffemaleerasure’?Lead:NoémieElhadadandIngaWinklerPotentialguestspeaker:KaseyJackmanRequiredreadings:

- CassBliss,Here’sWhatIt’sLiketoGetYourPeriodWhenYou’reNotAWoman,HuffingtonPost,Aug20,2018,https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/nonbinary-period-menstruation_us_5b75ac1fe4b0182d49b1c2ed

- KlaraRydström:DegenderingMenstruation:MakingTransMenstruatorsMatter,Handbook

- JosefinePersdotter,TowardsaDefinitionofMenstrunormativity,Handbook- Chrisler,JoanC.,JenniferA.Gorman,JenManion,MichaelMurgo,AngelaBarney,

AlexisAdams-Clark,JessicaR.Newton,andMeaghanMcGrath.2016.“Queerperiods:attitudestowardandexperienceswithmenstruationinthemasculineofcentreandtransgendercommunity”.Culture,Health&Sexuality.18(11):1238-1250.

- NoemieElhadadetal.,TheMessinessoftheMenstruator:Function,Identity,Inclusivity,andReductionism

- SophieLewis,HowBritishFeminismBecameAnti-Trans,NewYorkTimes,Feb7,2019,https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/07/opinion/terf-trans-women-britain.html

9) Noclass,springrecess(March18)10) MenstruationatWorkandBeyond(March25)Howdoweaccommodatemenstruationatwork?Whatarethepracticalneeds?Beyondthat,howdoweaddressshame,distressandanxiety?Whataretheexpectationsmenstruatorsfaceintermsof“dealingwithmenstruation”?Howdowechangesocialnormsandgenderstereotypesthatleadtowomenandmenstruatorsbeingperceivedaslesscapable,nottrustworthyandunfitfordecision-making?Canmenstrualleavepoliciesprovideasolution?Whatdoesaperiod-friendlyworkplacelooklikeindifferentcontexts?Lead:IngaWinkler

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Requiredreadings:- SchoepME,AdangEMM,MaasJWM,etal,Productivitylossduetomenstruation-

relatedsymptoms:anationwidecross-sectionalsurveyamong32748women,BMJOpen2019;9:e026186.doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-026186

- RobertsT-A,GoldenbergJL,PowerC,Pyszczynski.“Feminineprotection”:theeffectsofmenstruationonattitudestowardswomen.Availableat:https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1471-6402.00051

- RachelLevittandJessicaBarnack-Tavlaris:AddressingMenstruationintheWorkplace:TheMenstrualLeaveDebate,Handbook

- Bobbitt-Zeher,Donna.“GenderDiscriminationatWork:ConnectingGenderStereotypes,InstitutionalPolicies,andGenderCompositionofWorkplace.”Gender&Society25,no.6(December2011):764–86.doi:10.1177/0891243211424741.

- Sandra Fredman, Substantive Equality Revisited, International Journal ofConstitutionalLaw,Volume14,Issue3,1July2016,Pages712–738(andresponsesasfurtherreading)

- SebertKuhlmannA,BergquistEP,DanjointD,WallLL.,Unmetmenstrualhygieneneedsamonglow-incomewomen.,ObstetGynecol2019;133:238–44.

Additionalreadings:

- MarniSommeretal.Managingmenstruationintheworkplace:anoverlookedissueinlow-andmiddle-incomecountries,InternationalJournalforEquityinHealth(2016)15:86

- SallyKing:PMSandtheMythoftheIrrationalFemale,Handbook- ACLU,ACLUAppealsCaseofGeorgiaWomenFiredforGettingherPeriodatWork,

17August2017,availableat:https://www.aclu.org/press-releases/aclu-appeals-case-georgia-woman-fired-getting-her-period-work

- KatieAnnHasson,Nota“Real”Period?:SocialandMaterialConstructionsofMenstruation,Gender&Society30issue:6,pages:958-983

- ElizabethArvedaKissling(2013)Pills,Periods,andPostfeminism,FeministMediaStudies,13:3,490-504,DOI:10.1080/14680777.2012.712373

- IngaWinkler,HumanRightsShineaLightonUnmetMenstrualHealthNeedsandMenstruationattheMargins,Obstetrics&Gynecology,February2019-Volume133-Issue2-p235-237

11) OpEdProjectWorkshop(Friday,April3–allday)***DraftResearchProposalsDue***Requiredreading:

- OpEdProjectresources:Op-edWritingtipsandtricks,https://www.theopedproject.org/oped-basics)

12) MenstrualActivism&ChallengingMenstrualNorms(April8)***DraftOpEddue***

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Menstruationispoliticalandhasturnedintoasiteofstruggleforgenderjustice.Howhavedifferentmovementsacrosstimeandgeographiesaddressedmenstruation?Whatformstoactivistschoose?Howdothesemovementstacklemenstrualstigma?Lead:IngaWinklerPotetnialguestspeaker:BreanneFahs,ArizonaStateUniversity(tbc)Requiredreadings:

- ChrisBobelandBreanneFahs,TheMessyPoliticsofMenstrualActivism,Handbook- Fahs,Breanne.(2011).Sexduringmenstruation:Race,sexualidentity,andwomen's

qualitativeaccountsofpleasureanddisgust.Feminism&Psychology,21(2),155-178

- Bobel,Chris.2010.“FeministEngagementswithMenstruation”InNewblood:third-wavefeminismandthepoliticsofmenstruation,28-41.NewBrunswick,NJ:RutgersUniversityPress.

- BreanneFahsandChrisBobel,FromPrivatetoPublic:ShiftingfromthePoliticsofBloodlessRespectabilitytoRadicalMenstrualEmbodiment,Signs,forthcoming

- StellaNyanzi,BloodyPrecariousActivisminUganda,Handbook13) USPolicy:TheTamponTaxandBeyond(April15)AdvocatesintheUnitedStatesarepushingfortheeliminationofthe‘tampontax’aswellasmeasurestoincreasetamponsafety,productlabelling,andprovidingmenstrualproductstoschools,sheltersandprisons.Otherinitiativesseektoimprovemenstrualeducation.–Wheredowestandonthesepolicydevelopments?Aretheyfar-reachingenough?WhatcantheUSlearnfromothercountries?Lead:IngaWinklerPotentialguestspeaker:LauraStrausfeldorAmyFettig(ACLU)PotentialReading:

- MargaretE.Johnson,MenstrualJustice(May1,2019).UCDavisLawReview,Forthcoming;UniversityofBaltimoreSchoolofLawLegalStudiesResearchPaper#2019-04.AvailableatSSRN:https://ssrn.com/abstract=3389773

- PlanInternationalUK.2018.BreaktheBarriers:Girls’experiencesofmenstruationintheUK.AccessedMarch13,2019.https://plan-uk.org/file/plan-uk-break-the-barriers-report-032018pdf/download?token=Fs-HYP3v.

- Tomi-AnnRoberts:BleedinginJail:Objectification,Self-ObjectificationandMenstrualInjustice,in:ChrisBobeletal.(eds.),HandbookofCriticalMenstruationStudies,PalgraveMacMillan,forthcoming2020

- JenniferWeiss-Wolf,ThePoliticsofPeriods,Ms.Magazine,8May2018,https://msmagazine.com/2018/05/08/the-politics-of-periods/

- AlexandraTopping,DfE's'squeamish'sexeducationplansdoomedtofail–women'sgroup,TheGuardian,November6,2018,

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https://www.theguardian.com/education/2018/nov/06/squeamish-sex-education-dfe-plans-doomed-to-fail-womens-group

Additionalreading:

- JenniferWeiss-Wolf,USPolicymakingtoAddressMenstruation:AdvancinganEquityAgenda,Handbook

- BethGoldblattandLindaSteele,Bloodyunfair:Inequalityrelatedtomenstruation–consideringtheroleofdiscriminationlaw,SydneyLawReview,forthcoming

- JessicaValenti,Thecaseforfreetampons,TheGuardian,11August2014,availableat:https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2014/aug/11/free-tampons-cost-feminine-hygiene-products

14) ‘MenstrualHygieneManagement’inDevelopmentPractice(April22)Thelastdecadehasgivenriseto‘MHM’asafieldofdevelopmentpractice.Whatarethekeydevelopments?WhatistheroleofNGOs,socialentrepreneurs,internationalorganizations,donors?Whataresomeoftherisksthesectorisfacing?Towhatextentdothesedevelopmentaddress(orreinforce)theunderlyingmenstrualstigma?Lead:IngaWinkler,ChrisBobel(tbc)andAnjaBenshaul-Tolonen(tbc)Potentialguestspeaker:UNFPAand/orUNICEFRequiredreadings:

- Sommer,Marni,JenniferS.Hirsch,ConstanceNathanson,andRichardG.Parker.2015.”Comfortably,Safely,andWithoutShame:DefiningMenstrualHygieneManagementasaPublicHealthIssue”.AmericanJournalofPublicHealth.105(7):1302-1311.

- JulieHennegan:Interventionstoimprovemenstrualhealthinlowandmiddleincomecountries:doweknowwhatworks?,Handbook

- FSGConsulting,AnOpportunitytoAddressMenstrualHealthandGenderEquity(GatesFoundation),2016

- KuntalaLahiri-Dutt(2015)Medicalisingmenstruation:afeministcritiqueofthepoliticaleconomyofmenstrualhygienemanagementinSouthAsia,Gender,Place&Culture,22:8,1158-1176,DOI:10.1080/0966369X.2014.939156

- Bobel,Chris(2019),TheManagedBody,DevelopingGirlsandMenstrualHealthintheGlobalSouth,Cham,Switzerland:PalgraveMacmillan(excerpts)

Additionalreadings:

- VanEijk,AnnaMaria,M.Sivakami,MamitaBoraThakkar,AshleyBauman,KaylaF.Laserson,SusanneCoates,andPenelopeA.Phillips-Howard.2016.“MenstrualHygieneManagementamongAdolescentGirlsinIndia:ASystematicReviewandMeta-Analysis.”BMJOpen6,no.3(March):1-12,https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2015-010290

- MariaCarmenPunziandMirjamWerner,ChallengingtheMenstruationTabooOneSaleataTime:TheRoleofSocialEntrepreneursinthePeriodRevolution,Handbook

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- Sommer,M.,Schmitt,M.,Clatworthy,D.AtoolkitforintegratingMenstrualHygieneManagement(MHM)intohumanitarianresponse.NewYork:ColumbiaUniversity,MailmanSchoolofPublicHealthandInternationalRescueCommittee,2017

- SphereAssociation.TheSphereHandbook:HumanitarianCharterandMinimumStandardsinHumanitarianResponse,fourthedition.Geneva:SphereAssociation,2018.www.spherestandards.org/handbook

15) PresentationofProposedResearchProjects(April29)Lead:Students***Finalresearchproposaldue(groupproject):May6******FinalOp-Eddue:May6***