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Mercury Measurement Programs within NOAA/ARL. Steve Brooks, Mark Cohen, Tilden Meyers, Paul Kelley, Winston Luke NOAA/Air Resources Laboratory Prepared for the NOAA Atmospheric Mercury Meeting November 14-15, 2006, Silver Spring, MD. I. Intensive Monitoring. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Mercury Measurement Programs within NOAA/ARL
Steve Brooks, Mark Cohen, Steve Brooks, Mark Cohen, Tilden Meyers, Paul Kelley, Winston LukeTilden Meyers, Paul Kelley, Winston Luke
NOAA/Air Resources LaboratoryNOAA/Air Resources Laboratory
Prepared for the NOAA Atmospheric Mercury MeetingPrepared for the NOAA Atmospheric Mercury Meeting
November 14-15, 2006, Silver Spring, MDNovember 14-15, 2006, Silver Spring, MD
I. Intensive MonitoringI. Intensive Monitoring
Previous Intensive Measurements:Previous Intensive Measurements:Cove Mtn, TN -Summer 2002Cove Mtn, TN -Summer 2002Gulf of Mexico (Ship) –Summer 2003Gulf of Mexico (Ship) –Summer 2003
Oxford and Wye, MD –Summer 2004Oxford and Wye, MD –Summer 2004Harcum, VA –Summer 2005Harcum, VA –Summer 2005TEXAQSII, Moody Towers –Summer 2006TEXAQSII, Moody Towers –Summer 2006
Diurnal Hg(0) ConcentrationsDiurnal Hg(0) Concentrations
Diurnal Hg-p ConcentrationsDiurnal Hg-p Concentrations
Diurnal RGM ConcentrationsDiurnal RGM Concentrations
10 - 20
20 - 50
50 - 100
100 – 200
Symbol size andshape indicates 1999 emissionsof Hg(II) (kg/yr)
coal
incinerator
metals
manuf/other
Symbol colorindicates typeof mercury source
other fuel
9 AM - 7 PMother times
200pg/m3
100pg/m3
Concentration of RGM as a function of wind
direction at Oxford (Jun-Aug, 2004)
1999 RGM emissions near Oxford, Maryland
Wind speed and direction at Oxford (Jun-Aug, 2004)
NERILABTOP
Ultrasonic anemometer Ultrasonic anemometercontroller box
Switch control box
Mass flow controller
Switching valves
Pump
Heating mantels with denuders
II. Relaxed Eddy Accumulation (RGM)II. Relaxed Eddy Accumulation (RGM)
III. Long-term MonitoringIII. Long-term Monitoring
Canaan Valley Institute-NOAA
BeltsvilleEPA-NOAA
Three sites committed to speciated mercury
ambient concentration measurement network
Grand BayNOAA
Motivation and Goals Motivation and Goals
• Establish long-term data record of ambient Establish long-term data record of ambient concentrations (Hgconcentrations (Hg00, RGM, FPM) & Wet Deposition, RGM, FPM) & Wet Deposition
• Discern trends in atmospheric concentrationsDiscern trends in atmospheric concentrations
• Derive dry deposition estimatesDerive dry deposition estimates
• Concurrent measurements of secondary and co-Concurrent measurements of secondary and co-emitted primary pollutantsemitted primary pollutants
• Elucidate source-receptor relationshipsElucidate source-receptor relationships
• Correlation with ancillary trace species to better Correlation with ancillary trace species to better understand the origins and chemical cycling of understand the origins and chemical cycling of mercury in the atmospheremercury in the atmosphere
• Data set for model evaluation Data set for model evaluation
Grand Bay NERR SiteGrand Bay NERR Site
Grand Bay Grand Bay Estuarine Estuarine Research ReserveResearch Reserve
10
Barry
Holcim Cement
NOAA Grand Bay NERR Hg site
WeeksBay
OLF
Molino
Pace
Ellyson
Jack Watson
AL24
AL02
Crist
Pascagoula MSW incin
haz waste incin
paper manufpaper manuf
Victor J. Daniel
MobileBay
Mobile
Pascagoula
Mississippi Alabama
NOAA
SEARCH
USGS
UWF/FSU
MDN
Monitoring Site
coal-fired power plant
waste incinerator
manufacturing
metallurgical
other fuel combustion
type of mercuryemissions source
total atmosphericmercury emissions (kg/yr, 1999 EPA NEI)
50 - 100
100 - 200
200 - 400
1 – 50
Location of the new NOAA Grand Bay NERR Atmospheric Mercury monitoring site, other atmospheric Hg monitoring sites, and major Hg point sources in the region (EPA 1999 NEI emissions inventory)
11
10 km
Pascagoula MSW Incinerator
Pascagoula, MS
12
Grand Bay NERR SiteGrand Bay NERR Site
1 km
30.4294, -88.4277
30.412, -88.404
13
Grand Bay NERR SiteGrand Bay NERR Site
MeasurementMeasurement TypeType Start DateStart Date
Elemental mercuryElemental mercury AA Sept 2006Sept 2006
Fine particulate mercuryFine particulate mercury AA Sept 2006Sept 2006
Reactive gaseous mercuryReactive gaseous mercury AA Sept 2006Sept 2006
Sulfur dioxideSulfur dioxide AA Oct 2006Oct 2006
OzoneOzone AA Oct 2006Oct 2006
Carbon MonoxideCarbon Monoxide AA Oct 2006Oct 2006
Nitrogen Oxides (NO, NOy)Nitrogen Oxides (NO, NOy) AA **
Wind speedWind speed CC **
Wind DirectionWind Direction CC **
Relative HumidityRelative Humidity CC **
TemperatureTemperature CC **
PrecipitationPrecipitation CC **
Total mercury in precipitationTotal mercury in precipitation BB **
Major ions in precipitationMajor ions in precipitation BB **
Type of Measurement: A = concentration in ambient airB = concentration in precipitationC = meteorological parameter
Status of Atmospheric MeasurementsStatus of Atmospheric Measurements at Grand Bay NERR, Mississippiat Grand Bay NERR, Mississippi
* to be established
14
View looking south and west from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service View looking south and west from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Pavilion at Grand Bay NERRPavilion at Grand Bay NERR
15
Pictures of Planned (Eventual) Monitoring SitePictures of Planned (Eventual) Monitoring Site
View looking east from the U.S. Fish View looking east from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Pavilion at and Wildlife Service Pavilion at Grand Bay NERRGrand Bay NERR
coal
incinerator
metals
manuf/other
Symbol colorindicates typeof mercury source
1 - 50
50 - 100
100 - 200
200 – 400
400 - 700
700 – 1000
> 1000
Symbol size andshape indicates 1999 mercuryemissions, kg/yr
rural AQS
NADP/MDN
CASTNet
IMPROVE
Monitoring sites
other AQS
Hg site
100 miles from DC
Bremo
Beltsville monitoring site
Morgantown
Chalk Point
Dickerson
Possum Point
Large Incinerators: 3 medical waste,
1 MSW, 1 haz waste(Total Hg ~ 500 kg/yr)
Brunner Island
Eddystone
Arlington - Pentagon MSW Incin
Brandon Shores and H.A. Wagner
Montgomery CountyMSW Incin
Beltsville, MDBeltsville, MDCASTNet SiteCASTNet Site
Harford County MSW Incin
Simplified wet/dry depositionSimplified wet/dry deposition
no plume chemistryno plume chemistry
EDAS-40 km met data (3-hr res) EDAS-40 km met data (3-hr res)
results displayed are the concentration results displayed are the concentration averaged between 0-10 meters above the averaged between 0-10 meters above the ground for a 1 gram/hr continuous ground for a 1 gram/hr continuous emissions rateemissions rate
Morgantown RGM ~120 kg/yr or ~14 g/hrMorgantown RGM ~120 kg/yr or ~14 g/hr
Example -- 10Example -- 10-11-11 g/m3 (dark blue) is in the g/m3 (dark blue) is in the range 10range 10-11-11 to 10 to 10-9-9 ~ 140 – 14,000 pg/m3 ~ 140 – 14,000 pg/m3
Example -- 10Example -- 10-13-13 g/m3 (green) is in the range g/m3 (green) is in the range 1010-13-13 to 10 to 10-11-11 ~ 1.4 - 140 pg/m3 ~ 1.4 - 140 pg/m3
Simple dispersion example for emissions from Simple dispersion example for emissions from Morgantown coal-fired power plantMorgantown coal-fired power plant
Beltsville site
18
11-Aug-05 16-Aug-05 21-Aug-05 26-Aug-05 31-Aug-05 05-Sep-05 10-Sep-05
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
Hg(
0) c
once
ntra
tion
(ng/
m3)Hg(0)
data generously provided for discussion purposes by Fabien Laurier
Hg Concentrations at Beltsville
Note – times shown are UTC, e.g., 7 PM UTC = 3 PM Eastern Daylight Savings Time
11-Aug-05 16-Aug-05 21-Aug-05 26-Aug-05 31-Aug-05 05-Sep-05 10-Sep-05
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
RG
M c
once
ntra
tion
(pg/
m3) RGM
data generously provided for discussion purposes by Fabien Laurier
Hg Concentrations at Beltsville
Note – times shown are UTC, e.g., 7 PM UTC = 3 PM Eastern Daylight Savings Time
MeasurementMeasurement
Elemental mercuryElemental mercury
Fine particulate mercuryFine particulate mercury
Reactive gaseous mercuryReactive gaseous mercury
Sulfur dioxideSulfur dioxide
OzoneOzone
Carbon MonoxideCarbon Monoxide
Nitrogen Oxides (NO, NOy)Nitrogen Oxides (NO, NOy)
SOSO442-2-, NO, NO33
--, NH, NH33, NH, NH44++, HNO, HNO33, SO, SO22 (Hourly) (Hourly)
Wind speedWind speed
Wind DirectionWind Direction
Relative HumidityRelative Humidity
TemperatureTemperature
PrecipitationPrecipitation
SOSO442-2-, NO, NO33
--, NH, NH44++, HNO, HNO33, SO, SO22 (Weekly) (Weekly)
Total mercury in precipitation (weekly)Total mercury in precipitation (weekly)
Major ions in precipitation (weekly)Major ions in precipitation (weekly)
Status of Atmospheric MeasurementsStatus of Atmospheric Measurements at Beltsville, MD CASTNet Siteat Beltsville, MD CASTNet Site