Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
MEREALISASIKAN APLIKASI
SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI
SILVER MEDAL WINNER ITEX 2005
Projek ini the memenangi pingat perak di Pameran
Antarabangsa ITEX 2005 di PWTC Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
pada 19- 21 Mei 2005.
INTRODUCTION
High acidity in water resources is most common in Malaysia
especially in area where soils are of acid sulphate in nature.
Acidity in water resource occurs when influent into local
stream are of low pH, as low as 3. Other sources of acidified
water resources originates from acid mining drainage ( AMD ).
Presence of pyrite leaves high sulphate acid into both surface
and subsurface water flows.
PROCESS OF ACID GENERATION
Oxidation of pyrite by oxygen: sulfur is oxidized to sulfate and ferrous iron is released.
4 FeS2 +15 O2 + 14 H2O 4 Fe(OH)3 + 8 H2SO4
2 FeS2 + 7 O2 + 2 H2O 2 Fe2+ + 4 SO42- + 4 H+
Ferrous iron is converted to ferric iron. Certain bacteria increase the rate of oxidation from ferrous to ferric iron.
4 Fe2+ + O2 + 4 H+ 4 Fe3+ + 2 H2O
Hydrolysis of iron: formation of ferric hydroxide (“yellow boy”) precipitate is pH dependant. (pH>3.5)
4 Fe3+ + 12 H2O 4 Fe(OH)3 + 12 H+
Oxidation of additional pyrite by ferric iron. Note that ferric iron is generated in reaction steps 1 and 2. This is the cyclic and self-propagating part of the reaction and continues until either ferric iron or pyrite are depleted.
FeS2 + 14 Fe3+ + 8 H2O 15 Fe2+ + 2 SO42- + 16 H+
PROCESS OF ACID GENERATION
BACKGROUND
Sungai Bekok which is located in the western part of the state
of Johor, passing through the district of Batu Pahat, is the main
source for raw water supply to the Sri Gading water treatment
plant. 300,000 water consumers in the town of Batu Pahat
frequently experienced long periods of water supply
interruptions due to the poor raw water quality of too low pH
value that cannot be treated in the Sri Gading water treatment
plant. The acidity of the raw water is extremely high for normal
economical water treatment processing. Thus, the water
treatment capacity of the plant has to be reduced as the
conventional liming, adding of calcium carbonate to bring down
the acidity, no longer capable of improving the pH value.
Pilot Raw Water Passive Treatment Construction for Acidified Soil
PROJECT
CONTROL ACIDIFIED WATER RESOURCES AT SUNGAI BEKOK, BATU PAHAT, THROUGH
ELECTRICAL DEIONIZATION
PROF. Ir. Dr. AMIR HASHIM MOHD KASSIM, EN. MOHD NAZRI MOHIDEEN, LIANG KAH TAT, ISMAIL IBRAHIM (IBI)
PROF. Ir. Dr. AMIR HASHIM MOHD KASSIM, EN. MOHD NAZRI MOHIDEEN, LIANG KAH TAT, ISMAIL IBRAHIM (IBI)
PROF. Ir. Dr. AMIR HASHIM MOHD KASSIM, EN. MOHD NAZRI MOHIDEEN, LIANG KAH TAT, ISMAIL IBRAHIM (IBI)
RAW WATER PASSIVE TREATMENT SYSTEM
HIGH ACIDITY H+ SOIL WATER (LOW pH)
ELECTRICAL DEIONISATION REDUCE H+ (RAISE pH)
ANIONIC LIME DRAINAGE REDUCE H+ (RAISE pH) AND REMOVE HEAVY METALS
NEUTRALISED RAW WATER
ELECTRICAL ENERGY
FODDER CROP
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
e-
e-
e-e-
e-
e-
H+
H+
H+
e-e-
Cathode Anode
DEIONISATION PROCESS
ANOXIC LIMESTONE DRAINAGE
ORGANIC SOIL
LIMESTONES
RESULTS
Time Vs pH
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0 5 10 15 20
Time (hour)
pH
Distance = 8cm
Distance = 4cm
Distance = 3cm
Distance = 2cm
Linear (Distance =8cm)
Linear (Distance =4cm)
Linear (Distance =3cm)
Linear (Distance =2cm)
Voltage Vs Time
-0.5
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Time (hour)
Vo
ltag
e (v
olt
)Distance = 8cm
Distance = 4cm
Distance = 3cm
Distance = 2cm
Linear (Distance =8cm)
Linear (Distance =4cm)
Linear (Distance =3cm)
Linear (Distance =2cm)
CONCLUSION
PROJECT BENEFIT FOR
LIMESTONES
WATER SUPPLY
AGRICULTURE
AQUACULTURE
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTPusat Penyelidekan, Perundingan dan Pembelajaran Berterusan, KUiTTHO
Unit Teknologi Getah, Lembaga Getah MalaysiaGBH Porcelain Sdn. Bhd.
Glovett Sdn. Bhd.BJL Glove Sdn. Bhd.
Bank Muamalat Malaysia Bhd.Euromedical Sdn. Bhd
Baxter Healthcare Sdn. BhdAin Medicare Sdn. Bhd
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Pusat Penyelidekan, Perundingan dan Pembelajaran Berterusan, KUiTTHO
Fakulti Kejuruteraan Awam dan Alam Sekitar
Kolej Universiti Teknologi Tun Hussein OnnParit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor
Center for Environment, Construction and Transportation StudiesKUiTTHO
Pusat Kajian Tanah Lembut (RECESS) KUiTTHO
Syarikat Air Johor Holding Berhad
Ranhill Utilities Berhad
Jabatan Pengairan dan SaliranBatu Pahat
Jabatan Alam Sekitar
Pejabat Daerah Batu Pahat
