MESIN_SINKRON

MESIN SINKRON

Disusun Oleh

Muhammad Nurdin

SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES

Round Rotor Machine

The stator is a ring shaped laminated iron-core with slots.

Three phase windings are placed in the slots.

Round solid iron rotor with slots.

A single winding is placed in the slots. Dc current is supplied through slip rings.

Concept (two poles)

N S

A-

B+

A+ C

+

C-

B-

A

B

C

Stator with

laminated iron-core

Slots with

winding

Rotor with dc

winding


Salient Rotor Machine

The stator has a laminated iron-

core with slots and three phase

windings placed in the slots.

The rotor has salient poles

excited by dc current.

DC current is supplied to the

rotor through slip-rings and

brushes.

The number of poles varies

between 2 - 128.

Concept (two poles)

N

S

A+

B+

C+ B-

A-

C-


Stator Rotor

Connections

Bearing

Stator winding

Rotor winding

Housing ,cooling ducts

Shaft


Construction

The picture shows the laminated iron core and the slots (empty and with winding).

The winding consists of copper bars insulated with mica and epoxy resin.

The conductors are secured by steel wedges.

In large machines, the stator is liquid cooled.

The iron core is supported by a steel housing.

Construction

empty slots

insulated

winding


Stator Laminated iron core

with slots

Steel Housing


Stator details Coils are placed in slots

Coil end windings are

bent to form the

armature winding.

Slots

Coil

End winding

Iron core


Round rotor The round rotor is used

for large high speed (3600rpm) machines.

A forged iron core (not

laminated,DC) is installed on the shaft.

Slots are milled in the

iron and insulated copper bars are placed in the slots.

The slots are closed by

wedges and re-enforced with steel rings.

Round rotor


Rotor Details

SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES Round rotor

Steel ring

DC current terminals

Wedges

Shaft

Jalur Arus pada Rotor Silindris


Salient pole rotor construction

The poles are bolted to the shaft.

Each pole has a DC winding.

The DC winding is connected to the slip-rings (not shown).

A DC source supplies the winding with DC through brushes

pressed into the slip ring.

A fan is installed on the shaft to assure air circulation and

effective cooling.



Construction

Low speed, large hydro-

generators may have more

than one hundred poles.

These generators are

frequently mounted vertically.

The picture shows a large,

horizontally arranged

machine.

Rotors of Steam Turbine Generators

North American manufacturers normally do not

provide special damper windings

solid steel rotors offer paths for eddy currents,

which have effects equivalent to that of

amortisseur currents

European manufacturers tend to provide for additional

damping effects and negative-sequence current

capability

wedges in the slots of field windings

interconnected to form a damper case, or

separate copper rods provided underneath the

wedges

Konstruksi Rotor Silindris

Rotors of Hydraulic Units

Normally have damper windings or amortisseurs

non-magnetic material (usually copper) rods

embedded in pole face

connected to end rings to form short-circuited

windings

Damper windings may be either continuous or

non-continuous

Space harmonics of the armature mmf contribute

to surface eddy current

therefore, pole faces are usually laminated

Diagram skematik Mesin Sinkron

Rangkaian Stator dan Rotor

Mesin Sinkron

Short Circuit Currents of a Synchronous

Machine

In general, fault current has two distinct

components:

a) a fundamental frequency component which decays initially very rapidly

(a few cycles) and then relatively slowly (several seconds) to a steady

state value

b) a dc component which decays exponentially in several cycles

This is similar to the short circuit current in the case of the simple RL

circuit. However, the amplitude of the ac component is not constant

internal voltage, which is a function of rotor flux linkages, is not constant

the initial rapid decay is due to the decay of flux linking the subtransient

circuits (high resistance)

the slowly decaying part of the ac component is due to the transient

circuit (low resistance)

The dc components have different magnitudes in the three phases

Rangkaian Ekivalen -i Sumbu-d

Rangkaian Ekivalen Lengkap

Rangkaian Ekivalen Disederhanakan

Karakteristik Kejenuhan Inti

Karakteristik Rangkaian Terbuka –

Efek Saturasi

Rangkaian Ekivalen dg. Kejenuhan Inti

Kurva Arus Jangkar – Arus Medan Untuk

Beberapa Nilai P dan cos

Parameter Standar Mesin Sinkron

Nilai-nilai Tipikal Parameter Standar

Model Mesin Sinkron Yang Disederhanakan

Dengan Pengabaian p Stator


Dengan Pengabaian Amortisseur


Lingkup Fluksi Konstan

Rangkaian ekivalen sumbu-d dan sumbu-q

dengan masing-masing satu kumparan rotor:


Lingkup Fluksi Konstan – Dengan Mengikut

sertakan Efek Amortisseur

Rangkaian ekivalen sumbu-d dan sumbu-q

dengan rangkaian subtransien

Resume Model-model yang

Disederhanakan

Documents

MESIN_SINKRON