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Mesoamerican Agroenvironmental Program
MAP Norway
A comprehensive participatory approach to food security and nutrition, adaptive capacity, and resilience to climate change in Central America
Rome, April 2015
Leida Mercado
Food and Nutrition Security in Numbers
In Central America:
• Lives the largest proportion (50.9%) of Latin-American people living in poverty
• The percentage of undernourished people is 14.2%, exceeding the Latin American average (9%), with Guatemala (22%), Nicaragua (19%) and Panama (15%) as the countries having the largest percentage of undernourished populations.
• Is reported the highest index of child malnutrition for LAC (18.6%), followed by South America (11.5%) and the Caribbean (6.7%)
• Guatemala has the highest rate of child malnutrition in the region (48%)
Food Security and Nutrition – What the Househodl baseline analysis told us?
% of Families that Consume Different Food Groups
N NIC =N 300 N TRIF = 223
N TOTAL= 523
FOOD GROUPS • Fruits • Cereals and
Tubers • Vegetables • Pulses • Meat and eggs • Milk, cheese • Oils • Sugar
6.7%
19.7%
67.7%
6.0%
55.2%
16.1%
25.6%
3.1%
0.0%
10.0%
20.0%
30.0%
40.0%
50.0%
60.0%
70.0%
80.0%
Familias que consumen de 1a 5 grupos de alimentos
Familias que consumen 6grupos de alimentos
Familias que consumen 7grupos de alimentos
Familias que consumen 8grupos de alimentos
1 to 5 food grous
6 groups
7 food grous
8 food groups
Food Consumption Score
4.3
7.2
3.5
11.4
1.0 0.5
3.0 3.0
33.9
2.8
4.8 2.9
7.0
1.1 0.0
3.0 3.1
24.7
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
Fruits Cereals andTubers
Vegetables Meat and fish Milk Oils Sugar Pulses TOTAL
FCS - NICACENTRAL
FCS - TRIFINIO
Weight factor • Fruits 1 • Cereals and
Tubers 2 • Vegetables 1 • Pulses 3 • Meat and fish 4 • Milk 4 • Oils 0.5 • Sugar 0.5 WFP 2007
Theory of Change
Food Security and Nutrition Theory of Change
Food-based approaches that focus on dietary diversification are effective strategies for improving food security and nutrition. These approaches seek to improve:
• Micronutrient intake of individuals • Increase of household food security • Advance womens´ empowerment
The standard intervention includes: • Home gardens • Poultry production • Group marketing • Capacity development
In MAP we are following a more holistic approach:
• Use of “Homegarden and farm plans” as a planning tool for organizing family activities around home gardens
• Farmer field schools (facilitate exchange between local and scientific knowledge), and technical assistance for capacity development
• Strong gender components with the involvement of different members of the family – including young male and women
• Territorial/Landscape approach and advocacy at the policy level to create enabling conditions for scaling up
• Research – guided by MAP´s research agenda
Food Security and Nutrition Theory of Change
• CATIE´s Researchers and Specialists
• Farming Field Schools
• Tecnical Assistance • Manuals • Inputs (seeds
resistant to harsh climatic condition)
• Training-of-trainers (TOT) • Training families in
• Agroecological innovations, poultry production, food and nutritional security, gender equity, household finance, and Climate Change
• Formulating plans for home
gardens and farms
• Establishing germplasm-seed banks and local mechanisms for germplasm exchange
• Establishing research plots, develop participatory surveys and focal groups
• At least 44 facilitators trained in Farmer Field School (FFS)
• 10000 Farmers including women and youth with capabilities, knowledge and skills
• At least 4000 home garden and farm plans formulated, established and implementing agroecological innovations
• At least 5 Germplasm/seed banks established and 5 mechanism of genetic resources exchange
• Families with increased capacity to access local markets
• Results of at least 5 research projects with recommendations to improve livelihood systems
• R1. 5000 families increased their assets and improved equity in family decision making for food and nutritional security
• R2. 5000 farms and home
gardens (HG) increased and diversified agroecological and agroforestry production
• R3. 30 Business organizations
increased capacity and access to markets
• R4. 6 Platforms improved
enabling conditions to promote CSTs.
• R5. CSTS approach scaled -out
• Reduction in rural poverty • Reduction in food and
nutritional insecurity • Reduction in gender
inequality • Reduction of vulnerability
to climate change • Reduction in degradation
and loss of ecosystem services
INPUTS
INTERVENTIONS
PRODUCTS
OUTCOMES
IMPACTS
MAP IMPACT PATHWAY
MAP Operates
in two Central
American
Territories:
• Trifinio • 3889 Km2
• 1417 families
• NicaCentral • 6588 Km2
• 1163 families
Trifnio
NicaCentral
Local
Strengthening families capacities
Promoting agroecological and agroforestry innovations
Improving families´ FNS
Territory / Landscape
Strengthening producer business organizations and value chains
Strengthening
territorial management platforms
National
Influencing scale out of the CST approach at the policy level
Improving
governance to reduce vulnerability to climate change
How we work?
Farmer field schools
More than 1200 FFS sessions
53% women participation
Progress
Farmer field schools (FFS)
• 2052 families integrated to FFS
• 1754 FFS sessions • 3684 family members
have received technical assistance
• 53% women participation
2046 families formulated homegarden plans
1610 families formulated farm plans
Near 300 families work together in 40 communiy gardens
83%
62%
25%
93%
61%
29%
88%
61%
27%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
At least 1 OBJ At least 2 OBJ At least 3 OBJ
NICACENTRAL
TRIFINIO
TOTAL
Families’ adoption rates
Average hours invested in the home garden by different family members(*)
2.4
2.1
3.5 3.3
1.6 1.7
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
Hombre adulto Mujer adulta Hombre joven Mujer joven Niña Niño
Hour/person/day
(*) Case study of 37 HH randomly selected from 8 municipalities in NicaCentral
Poultry production in cooperation with Heifer International
Families´adoption rate for improving food security and home
environment
100%
44%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
Adoption of innovations forimproving food security and
home environment
Total families 2052 Adoption 910
Participatory research
Collaboration with CGIAR
• MAP strengthens its research and data analysis capacity
BIOVERSITY, CCAFS, FTA • MAP facilitates implementation of research initiatives in the
field & linkage between research and development
• The system organizes the information in a robust data base
MAP´s monitoring and evaluation system
http://gamma.catie.ac.cr/map/
• Gathers information: • Different sites, end users, and
implementing partners (NGO´s, local producer organizations, universities, municipalities)
• Policy makers
• How often • Daily as activities take place • April 2013, April 2015, April 2016,
April 2017 - Base line data
