MetalsMetals• Does a Relationship Exist Does a Relationship Exist

between the Reactivity of a between the Reactivity of a Metal & When it was Metal & When it was Discovered? Discovered?

• Does a Relationship Exist Does a Relationship Exist between the Reactivity of a between the Reactivity of a Metal & When it was Metal & When it was Discovered? Discovered?

BY : M.Nabil 8eBY : M.Nabil 8e

Metals can be found in the periodic table

• Majority of the known elements are metals.Majority of the known elements are metals.

• Out of more than 100+ elements there are, Out of more than 100+ elements there are, 86 of them are metals86 of them are metals

• Gold and Copper were amongst the first few Gold and Copper were amongst the first few metals to be foundmetals to be found

Metals are arranged in the periodic

table according to their reactions.

• This is also shown in the reactivity series

Least reactive Most Reactive

Au Hg Ag Cu Pb Fe Zn Al Mg Ca Na K

A timeline of which metals were found

Until the end of the 17th century (and Until the end of the 17th century (and for a large span of some 7700 years), for a large span of some 7700 years),

only 12 metals were known. only 12 metals were known.

•Tin

•Platinum

•Bismuth

•Zinc

•Arsenic

Gold

Silver

Lead

Mercury

Iron

Relationship of the discovery time with the position Relationship of the discovery time with the position in the reactivity seriesin the reactivity series

• Discovery of Elements as arranged in the order of their increasing Reactivity

The lesser the reactivity of a metal, the earlier it The lesser the reactivity of a metal, the earlier it was discovered and conversely the more the was discovered and conversely the more the

reactivity of a metal, the later was its discovery.reactivity of a metal, the later was its discovery.

• ConclusionFrom the scientific logic, a metal that was reactive was expected to be occurring in a From the scientific logic, a metal that was reactive was expected to be occurring in a

combined state (in form of its compounds with other elements), posing a challenge for its combined state (in form of its compounds with other elements), posing a challenge for its extraction from the ores and needing extra effort both in form of man’s ability and his extraction from the ores and needing extra effort both in form of man’s ability and his knowledge. And as the reactivity of the metal increased, the level of this challenge also knowledge. And as the reactivity of the metal increased, the level of this challenge also increased. Naturally with man’s ability having evolved over the years, he was able to increased. Naturally with man’s ability having evolved over the years, he was able to discover the more and more difficult (from extraction point of view) metals (that were discover the more and more difficult (from extraction point of view) metals (that were actually more and more reactive metals) as well as find their virtues and applications. The actually more and more reactive metals) as well as find their virtues and applications. The trend does not have to be followed strictly by each and every metal in relation to each and trend does not have to be followed strictly by each and every metal in relation to each and every metal adjacent to it, since there may have been certain other determining factors every metal adjacent to it, since there may have been certain other determining factors also (including the chance factor), besides the effect of this strong scientific factor. But also (including the chance factor), besides the effect of this strong scientific factor. But generally if we consider the metals arranged in the reactivity-series in form of chunks, generally if we consider the metals arranged in the reactivity-series in form of chunks, then this trend was more or less observed everywhere with the exception of Platinum then this trend was more or less observed everywhere with the exception of Platinum (which got discovered too late), Mercury (which got discovered a bit late) and Iron (which (which got discovered too late), Mercury (which got discovered a bit late) and Iron (which got discovered a bit too early for the trend).got discovered a bit too early for the trend).

BiBlIoGrApHy• Petrucci, Ralph H.. Petrucci, Ralph H.. General chemistry: principles and modern applicationsGeneral chemistry: principles and modern applications. 10th ed. Toronto: Pearson . 10th ed. Toronto: Pearson

Prentice Hall, 2010. Print.Prentice Hall, 2010. Print.

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““Rare Earth Metals May Trigger Trade Wars : Discovery News."Rare Earth Metals May Trigger Trade Wars : Discovery News."Discovery News: Earth, Space, Tech, Animals, Discovery News: Earth, Space, Tech, Animals, Dinosaurs, History Dinosaurs, History . N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Nov. 2010. <. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Nov. 2010. <http://news.discovery.com/earth/rare-earth-metals-trade-wars.html>.>.

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