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Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire Focus sur l’Insuffisance cardiaque Pr Abdelkrim Berrah Service de médecine interne Hôpital ML Debaghine CHU Bab El Oued Alger 21 ème congrès SADIAB 2019

Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

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Page 1: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire

Focus sur l’Insuffisance cardiaque

Pr Abdelkrim Berrah Service de médecine interne

Hôpital ML Debaghine CHU Bab El Oued

Alger

21ème congrès SADIAB 2019

Page 2: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

Congrès de cardiologie ? Ou de diabétologie ?

Page 3: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable
Page 4: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable
Page 5: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable
Page 6: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

Nouveaux algorithmes

Page 7: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

2019 2018 2017 2016

ADA, American Diabetes Association; CVOT, cardiovascular outcomes trial; EASD, European Association for the Study of Diabetes; ESC, European Society of Cardiology; JACC, Journal of the American College of Cardiology; EPCCS, European Primary Care Cardiovascular Society

Status as of March 2019

International clinical practice recommendations have changed in response to new CVOTs

ADA

ADA-EASD Consensus Report

Position paper

ESC

ACC Decision Pathway

ADA

ACC/AHA

Guidelines on primary prevention of CVD

EPCCS

Consensus guidance for Primary Care

ADA

ADA

ESC

Roundtable report

Page 8: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable
Page 9: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

Argumentaire pro

Page 10: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

Nesti L,Natali A.Nut Met Cardiovasc Dis.2017;27

Potentiel

Page 11: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

Argumentaire pro

Page 12: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

Argumentaire contre

Page 13: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

UKPDS 34 Bénéfice la Metformine chez les sujets en surpoids

• 1. UKPDS 34. Lancet 1998;352:854–65. 2. http://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/medicine/23244/SPC. 3. Holman et al. N Engl J Med 2008;359:1577–89.

Significant reduction in MI maintained over 10 years’ follow-up3

1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007

No. of events:

Conventional therapy 73 83 92 106 118 126

Metformin 39 45 55 64 68 81

Myocardial infarction

Metformin vs conventional p = 0.01

Time from randomisation (years) 0 3 6 9 12 15

0.0

10

20

30

Pro

port

ion o

f patients

w

ith e

vents

(%

)

Intensive (n = 951; events = 139) Conventional (n = 411; events = 73)

Metformin (n = 342; events = 39)

Risk of MI is 39% lower with metformin vs conventional therapy in obese patients1,2

1.4

1.2

1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

HR

(9

5%

CI)

RR 0.611

p = 0.01

RR 0.67

p = 0.005

Overall values at study end in 1997 Annual values during 10-year post-trial monitoring period

0.4

Page 14: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

Metformine CVOT

Page 15: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

Regulatory requirements for drug-specific CV outcome data in T2D

• 1. http://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/Guidances/ucm071627.pdf. • 2. http://www.ema.europa.eu/docs/en_GB/document_library/Scientific_guideline/2012/06/WC500129256.pdf.

FDA 2008 Guidance for Industry1

‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes

drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate

that the therapy will not result in an

unacceptable increase in CV risk.’

• Important CV events should be analysed

• High-risk population to be included

• Long-term data required (≥ 2 years)

• Prospective adjudication of CV events

by an independent committee

• Phase II and III trials designed and

conducted to permit meta-analysis to be

performed at completion

EMA 2012 Guideline2

‘A fully powered CV safety assessment, e.g.,

based on a dedicated CV outcome study, should

be submitted before marketing authorisation

whenever a safety concern is intrinsic in the

molecule/MOA or has emerged from pre-

clinical/clinical registration studies.’

Two approaches are recommended:

• Meta-analysis of safety events

• Specific long-term controlled outcome study

with at least 18–24 months’ follow-up

Page 16: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

Evénements cardiovasculaires majeurs

Page 17: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

Différences, tolérance

Page 18: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

Metformine, Diabète et athérothrombose

Roussel R, et al,Arch Intern Med.2010;170:1892-1899

Page 19: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

Metformine vs Sulfamides hypoglycémiants Effets sur les ECV

Roumie CL,et al. Ann Intern Med.2012;157:601-10

Page 20: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

Metformine chez les patients avec IC

Réduction de la mortalité

Crowley MJ et al. Ann Inter Med. 2017;166:191-200

Page 21: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

Un traitement doit démontrer qu’il n’est pas à l’origine d’une augmentation inacceptable de:

• La mortalité Cardiovasculaire

• Des IDM

• Des AVC

• Des Hospitalisations pour ACS et procédures urgentes de revascularisation

• Autres endpoints

Page 22: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

Prévalence de l’IC

Nichols GA et al.Diabetes Care 2001.24(9): 1694-9

Page 23: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

HbA1c et IC

Page 24: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

Framingham Heart Study 30-Year Follow-Up: CVD Events in Patients With Diabetes (Ages 35-64)

10 9

20

11

9 6 38 19

3*

30

0

2

4

6

8

10

Age-adjusted annual rate/1000

Men Women

Total

CVD

CHD Cardiac

failure

Intermittent claudication

Stroke

Risk

ratio

P<0.001 for all values except *P<0.05.

Wilson PWF, Kannel WB. In: Hyperglycemia, Diabetes and Vascular Disease. Ruderman N et al, eds. Oxford; 1992.

Page 25: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

L’IC est l’une des premières manifestations CV du diabète

Shah et al Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2015;3:105

Page 26: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

Le classement

Page 27: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

Risque précoce

Page 28: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

Femmes vs Hommes

Page 29: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

Femmes vs Hommes

Page 30: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

Femmes vs Hommes

Page 31: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

Femmes vs Hommes

Page 32: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

Prévalence élevée du Diabète chez les IC

Ins Card essais Prévalence DT2

Page 33: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

PARADIGM-HF: Prévalence de la dysglycémie au cours de l’IC

Page 34: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

CHARM

Page 35: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

ABC Heart Failure Score

Page 36: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

H2FPEF diagnostic score

Page 37: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

IC: La maladie des présidents

Page 38: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

Secret d’état

Page 39: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

Secret d’état

Page 40: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

L’IC est une maladie mortelle

Page 41: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

Influence de l’IC sur la mortalité 115803 DT2, + 65 ans, sans IC au départ, suivis 5 ans

Bertoni AG et al.Diabetes Care 2004;27:699

N=69083

N=46720

p<0.001

Page 42: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

• Registres IC :31

• Essais cliniques :12

• N=381725

• Décès toutes causes 102036

• Suivi moyen 3 ans

Influence du diabète sur le pronostic de l’IC

Dauriz M et al. Diabetes Care 2017;40:1597

Page 43: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

DT2 et ICFEp

Page 44: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

Recommandations

Page 45: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

Algorithme de traitement de l’insuffisance cardiaque chronique symptomatique à fraction d’éjection réduite

Patient avec ICFEr symptomatique

Traiter par IEC et βbloquant en augmentant jusqu’à la posologie maximale tolérée la plus proche possible des doses cibles

Persistance de symptômes et FEVG ≤ 35 %

Oui

Non

Rajouter un ARM en ciblant les posologies validées

Persistance des symptômes et FEVG ≤ 35 % Oui

Non

Patient capable de tolérer pleine dose d’IEC (ou d’ARA2)

Remplacer IEC (ou ARA2) par IRAN

Evaluer les indications CRT

Rythme sinusal Durée QRS ≥ 130 ms

Ivabradine

Rythme sinusal FC ≥ 70 bpm (75 en France)

Persistance de symptômes

Non

Envisager autres possibilités thérapeutiques : - médicales : digoxine, association dinitrate

d’isosorbide-hydralazine (non disponible en France) - assistance mono-ventriculaire gauche - greffe cardiaque

Aucune autre action nécessaire Essayer de réduire les doses de

diurétiques

Les traitements ci-dessus peuvent être associés si indiqués

Diu

réti

qu

es p

ou

r t

rait

er l

es s

ym

ptô

mes e

t le

s s

ign

es c

on

gesti

fs

Si

FE

VG

≤ 3

5 %

malg

ré a

u m

oin

s 3

mo

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rait

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mal

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técéd

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ire (

TV

, FV

) s

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im

pla

nte

r D

AI

Classe I

Classe IIa

Oui

Eur Heart J 2016; 37 (27) : 2129-200

Page 46: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable
Page 47: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

DAPA HF

Page 48: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

Révolution

Page 49: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

Perspectives

Page 50: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

ESC/EASD 2019

Page 51: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

Veterans Affairs

• 6185 patients Diab+Ins Card

- metformine (n=1561)

- Vs sans metformine

• Ajustement aux

co-variables

Décès: 0.76 (0.63-0.92) p < 0.01 CHF hospitalisations: 0.93 (0.74-1.18) p = 0.56 Total hospitalisations: 0.94 (0.83-1.07) p = 0.35

Surv

ival estim

ate

s 1.00

0.95

0.90

0.75

0.85

0.80

Time (days) 0 700 100 200 300 600 400 500

Metformine

no Metformine

p = 0.01

Aguilar D, et al. Circ Heart Fail 2011;4:53-8.

Metformine et Insuffisance cardiaque

24 % RRR MORTALITE

Page 52: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

Metformine et IC

Page 53: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

Metformine chez les patients avec IC

Réduction de la mortalité

Crowley MJ et al. Ann Inter Med. 2017;166:191-200

Page 54: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

DAPA HF

Page 55: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

Roumie CL et al.J Am Heart Assoc 2017;9

Ins Card sous Metformine vs SU=Moins d’hospitalisation et de décès

Page 56: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

Traitement des DT2 incidents au cours de l’IC (2007-2012)

Cooper LA et al. Clin Cardiol 2017. 40:38-45

Page 57: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

Trt du diabète IC vs non IC EMPA-REG-OUTCOME

Fitchett D et al .European Heart Journal 2016;37:1526-37

Page 58: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

ESC/EASD 2019

Page 59: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

Actualités

Page 60: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

Actualités

Page 61: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

Révolution

Page 62: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

Essais en cours

Page 63: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

Essais en cours

Page 64: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

La Metformine est en voie

Page 65: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable

La Metformine est en voie de nous donner de beaux enfants

Page 66: Metformine et sécurité cardio vasculaire‘To establish the safety of a new anti-diabetes drug to treat T2D, sponsors should demonstrate that the therapy will not result in an unacceptable