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METHANE MOLECULE
METHANE MOLECULE
METHANE MOLECULE
METHANE MOLECULE
METHANE MOLECULE
carbonhydrogen
hydrogen
hydrogen hydrogen
METHANE MOLECULE• Common names :– Methyl hydride– Carbon tetrachloride– Marsh gas
METHANE MOLECULE• Properties:• Molar mass; 16.04 g/mol• Bond angle=109.5°,Bond distance=108.70pm• Boiling point= -161.6°C,colorless gas,• Highly flammable• Green house gas (high global warming
potential)• Natural gas
METHANE MOLECULE
METHANE MOLECULETypical Composition of Natural Gas
Methane CH4 70-90%Ethane C2H6 0-20%Propane C3H8Butane C4H10Carbon Dioxide CO2 0-8%Oxygen O2 0-0.2%Nitrogen N2 0-5%Hydrogen sulphide H2S 0-5%Rare gases A, He, Ne, Xe trace
METHANE MOLECULE
METHANE MOLECULE
METHANE MOLECULE
METHANE MOLECULE• Methane concentration in the atmosphere.– During glacial period: 300 and 400 nmol/mol– During interglacial periods: 600 to 700 nmol/mol– In 2010: 1850 nmol/mol (a level described as
being higher than at any time in the previous 400,000 years)
– Net lifetime is about 10 years– Removal from the atmosphere:
CH4 + OH ---> CO2 + water
METHANE MOLECULE• Sources of methane:– Methane clathrates in the ocean floor (large
amount of methane is trapped within a crystal structure of water, forming a solid similar to ice.)
– Earth’s crust thru methanogenesis (formation of methane by microbes known as methanogens)
– Mud volcanoes– Landfill– Livestock (ruminants) from enteric fermentation
METHANE MOLECULE
METHANE MOLECULE
METHANE MOLECULE• Reactions of methane– Theoretical formaldehyde reaction• CH4 ----> H2CO
–Removal from the atmosphere• CH4 + OH ---> CO2 + water
–As fuel• CH4 + 2O2 --> CO2 + 2 H2O ∆H = - 891
KJ/mole
METHANE MOLECULE• Uses:• In some cities, methane is piped into homes
for domestic heating.• It can be used as vehicle fuel.
METHANE MOLECULE• Uses:• In some cities, methane is piped into homes
for domestic heating.• It can be used as vehicle fuel.
METHANE MOLECULE• Uses:• In some cities, methane is piped into homes
for domestic heating.• It can be used as vehicle fuel.• NASA is conducting study on its potential as
rocket fuel.• There has been coal mines with its methane
successfully converted to electricity.
Group TwoMembers
THANK YOUVERY MUCH
For listening!
METHANE MOLECULE
• Correction: September 21, 2008 • Because of an editing error, an article last
Sunday about the conversion of methane at landfills into energy misstated the process used to create power at the Covanta Energy Corporation’s American Ref-Fuel incinerator in Hempstead, N.Y. The power results from the combustion of solid waste, not from the capturing of methane.