Solution; demonstrate a cost effective, clean and easy to handle fuel alternative with an easy infrastructure implementation.

Project duration 01/01/2012 - 31/12/2015

Methanol: The marine fuel of the future

H

HH

H

O

C

0.1 Sulphur

The Challenge - SECA Sulphur Emission

Control Area

STENA LINE is one of the worlds leading ferry companies

22 routes30 ports/terminals35 ships in operation27,000 sailings

0.1 Sulphur

Future SECA areas

Why methanol?

• Large commodity

• Feedstock is natural gas (Liquefied Natural Gas)

• Green methanol development (Bio- and CO2 captured methanol) leading towards zero vision

• Easy to handle (liquid)

• Economically feasible

Challenges

• Low flashpoint

• Toxic

• Low viscosity

• Corrosive

• Low energy content (half compared with oil)

• Fuel oil price 50% lower than last year

Methanol is liquefied natural gas

H

HH

HC

H

HH

H

O

C

Methane CH4 Methanol CH3OH

• Activity 1, Conversion of Stena Germanica

• Activity 2, Engine conversion kit

• Activity 3, Methanol storage tank and port facilities

• Activity 4, Bunker vessel

• Activity 5, Risk and environment impact assessment in Gothenburg

• Activity 6, Risk and environment impact assessment in Kiel

• Activity 7, Horizontal activities

Methanol: The marine fuel of the future

Stena Germanica conversion of the main propulsionmachinery, 4 x Wärtsilä 8ZAL40S Totally 24.000 kW at

Remontowa shipyard, Gdansk, March 2015

The conversion in general

Engine conversion to dual fuel

13 km new cables

High pressure pipes

New engine control system for all four engines

High pressure pumpsMethanol storage tank painted with zinc silicate

Engine before and after conversion

Activity 2, Engine conversion kit

Objective: Development of an engine conversion kit for Wärtsilä-Sulzer 8ZAL40S engines through adaptation of known engine technology for methanol

Completed 95%:Design of the conversion kit concluded of: cylinder heads, fuel injector, methanol pump, oil unit, pipes for methanol, nitrogen and oil, pump element for pilot fuel, UNIC C3 automation systemDesign – HAZID/HAZOP studies and approval from Lloyds register, production of all needed documentationTesting of fuel injectors in rig, laboratory tests including optimization performance, emissions measurements and type approvalTesting - optimization performance with different fuel pressures and pilot fuel, heat balance measurement for exact efficiency measurement, inspection of engine parts after carried out laboratory tests

Remaining 5% (by the 31.12.2015)Field test follow up and reporting, including inspection of parts and performance on Stena Germanica

Activity 2, Design development

Activity 2, Design development

Activity 2, Design development

Activity 2, Design development

Activity 2, Laboratory Testing

Activity 2, Laboratory Testing

Activity 2, Laboratory Testing

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

9.0

10.0

11.0

12.0

13.0

14.0

15.0

-20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Mo

m. H

R (K

J/d

eg

)

Crank angle (°)0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

9.0

10.0

11.0

12.0

13.0

14.0

15.0

-20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Mo

m. H

R (K

J/d

eg

)

Crank angle (°)

85%load_cs_meth mode_SN4107_p11_550pinj

85%load_cs_meth mode_SN4124_p13_550pinj

85%load_cs_meth mode_SN4143_p12_400pinj_pcyl3

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

9.0

10.0

11.0

12.0

13.0

14.0

15.0

-20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Mo

m. H

R (K

J/d

eg

)

Crank angle (°)

85%load_cs_meth mode_SN4107_p11_550pinj

85%load_cs_meth mode_SN4124_p13_550pinj

85%load_cs_meth mode_SN4143_p12_400pinj_pcyl3

Activity 2, Laboratory Testing

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00

Fir

ing

Pre

ssu

re A

vg

Me

an

[ba

r]

BMEP [bar]

ZA40S_reference

Z40_reference 2014_LFO_CS_norm

Z40_CS_load swing_TAT_norm

Z40_load swing_450bar pinj_norm

Firing pressure

Activity 2, Laboratory Testing

0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

3.00

3.50

0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0

p3

Pre

ss I

n R

ece

ive

r [b

ar

g]

BMEP [bar]

ZA40S_reference

Z40_reference 2014_LFO_CS_norm

Z40_CS_load swing_TAT_norm

Z40_load swing_450bar pinj_norm

Boost pressure

Test results of Wärtsilä Sulzer ZA40S-MD

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00

Filt

er S

mo

ke N

um

be

r M

ea

s 1

[F

SN

]

BMEP [bar]

ZA40_reference

Z40_reference 2003_HFO_CS

Z40_reference 2014_LFO_CS

Z40_load swing_450bar pinj

Z40_load swing_600bar pinj

0.00

2.00

4.00

6.00

8.00

10.00

12.00

14.00

0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00

NO

x M

ari

ne

Sp

ecif

ic IS

O 8

17

8 C

orr

[g

/kW

h]

BMEP [bar]

ZA40S_reference

Z40_reference 2014_LFO_CS

Z40_reference 2003_HFO_CS

Z40_load swing_450bar pinj

Z40_load swing_600bar pinj

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

550

600

650

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

t5 T

em

p b

Tu

rbin

e [°

C]

BMEP [bar]

ZA40S_reference

Z40_reference 2003_HFO_CS_norm

Z40_reference 2014_LFO_CS_norm

Z40_load swing_450bar pinj_norm

Z40_load swing_600bar pinj_norm

150

200

250

300

350

400

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

t6 T

em

p E

xh P

ipe

[°C

]

BMEP [bar]

ZA40S_reference

Z40_reference 2003_HFO_CS_norm

Z40_reference 2014_LFO_CS_norm

Z40_load swing_450bar pinj_norm

Z40_load swing_600bar pinj_norm

160165170175180185190195200205210215220225230235240245

0.00 20.00 40.00 60.00 80.00 100.00 120.00

Tota

l BS

FC

LH

V C

orr

ect

ed

[g

/kW

h]

Engine Power % [%]

Z40_reference

Z40_reference 2014_LFO_CS

Z40_load swing_450bar pinj

Z40_load swing_600bar pinj

Z40_reference_HFO_2003

~2%

* Preliminary tests - Engine consumption

- Further investigation on engine efficiency to be performed

- (Heat Balance and heat release to be calculated)

*

Technology: Test results

NOx 3-5 g/kWh (Low Tier II, no major conversion)

CO (< 1 g/kWh)

THC (< 1 g/kWh)

PM only from MGO pilot (FSN ~ 0,1)

SOx only from MGO pilot (99% reduction)

Formaldehyde emissions (~ below TA-luft)

No Formic acid detected in exhaust gases

No reduction in output and load response unchanged, full fuel redundancy

Higher efficiency (tests shows lower fuel consumption in methanol mode)

Methanol or MGO can be selected (or re-selected) as source of energy in a fast, simple and

reliable way without stopping the engines and without losses in engine speed and output.

Engine conversion kit – features

• Adaptation of proven engine technology, minor modification to the engine

• No reduction in efficiency or output running on methanol, load response unchanged, fuel redundancy

• Existing fuel / ballast tanks can be converted to methanol tanks

• Short off-hire time, can be done engine by engine

• Lower thermic load on the engine

• Much lower NOx, SOx, GHG and PM (particulates), safe for future ECA regulations

• Available methanol infrastructure (bunkerable fuel to be developed)

Activity 3, Methanol storage tank and port facilities

Activity 3, Methanol storage tank and port facilities

Activity 4, Bunker ship conversion

PORT OF KIEL

HAZID FINDINGS

Risk and Environmental impact assessment in Port of Kiel

OUR SUPERGREEN PROJECT IS MAKING WAVES

Winner:1. Swedish Maritime Day “Innovation Award

2015”2. Green Ship Technology: “GST Ship-owner of the

year”3. The Swedish Confederation of Transport

Enterprises “2015 Pegasus award”4. 2015 Global Business Excellence Awards UK

"Outstanding Green Initiative Award"

Finalist:• The Economist’s “Ocean Innovation Challenge “• Seatrade Awards “Clean Shipping Award”• Fathom Ship Efficiency Awards 2015 as

“Sustainable Ship Operator of the Year”• Lloyds List Global Awards “Environmental

Award”

What´s Next

H

HH

H

O

C

Methanol leads to the zero vision

20502030

CO2

emission100

%

70%

Known

technology

New technology + New

Logistics

Papermill, Piteå, SWE

BioMCN, Delfzijl, NLD

Svartsengi, ISL

Enerchem, Edmonton, CAN

Green Methanol

H O2

CO2

H

HH

H

O

C

www.zerovisiontool.com/pilotmethanol