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DATA COLLECTION
(METHODOLOGY)
GROUP MEMBERS :
Nur Farahin bt Abdul Razak A12CS0226
Nurazah bt Mohamad Nusran A12CS0229
Nurul Aishah bt Mahadun A11CS0107
Suhaida bt Yusof @ Tajuni A12CS0241
LECTURER:
Miss Nur Hazwani bt Mohd Muhridza
Data Collection
O A process of collecting data from different sources.
O Two categories:
O Primary data
O Secondary data
Primary Data
O Come from your own investigation
O Can be obtained through one or a combination of
techniques.
QUESTIONNAIRES
interviews
experimentsobservations
experiments
Secondary Data
O Come from reading that what others have
experienced and written.
O Can be found in different places
throughout the report.
O Quote and paraphrase the statements.
samplingTARGET POPULATION
SAMPLE
SPECIFIC POPULATION
O Sampling – ideally in collecting data for
research, include whole population to
complete the survey .
O Sample – is a subset of the population
being studied.
O Population – bigger target group of the
study which results of research applicable.
Problem to be investigated
Causes Of Coming Late To
Classes Among Faculty of
Computing Students.
Target populationAll Faculty of Computing
Students.
Specific populationAll Students of Kolej Tun
Razak (KTR) Residences.
Sample
Hundred Students between
male and female of Kolej Tun
Razak (KTR) Residences.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SAMPLE AND POPULATION
Type of Sampling
1. Random Sampling – every member of the population has equal probability to be chosen to participate in research.
2. Non-Random Sampling –respondents selected based on certain criteria.
CATEGORIES & DEFINITIONS EXAMPLES
Simple – every member has an
equal chance to be selected
A box have names of all lecturers.
Someone pick 100 number from
the box.
Stratified - the entire population
is divided in relatively
homogeneous group.
All the students of a school may
be divided in groups of boy and
girls.
Cluster – Use when the studied
population is spread across a
wide area
In a study of the opinions of
homeless across a country, a
number of towns are selected and
a significant number of homeless
people are interviewed in each
one.
RANDOM SAMPLING
CATEGORIES & DEFINITIONS EXAMPLES
Systematic – every nth person in
population list is selected.
An observation may be made
every half an hour,
From a long queue of people
every fourth person may be
selected.
Convenience - a collection of
subjects that are accessible or a
self selection of individuals
willing to participate
Using subjects that are selected
from a clinic, choosing the first
five names from the list of
patients.
Purposive - the researcher
selects units to be sampled based
on their knowledge and
professional judgment.
Research about feelings of being
inmates in prison, a researcher
selects sample by visiting
different prison.
NON-RANDOM SAMPLING
O Questionaire
O Interview
O Observation
O Experiment
O Systematic compilation of questions
O Distributed to an identified group of
people
O Can be administered whether using
Survey, Mail, Telephone and Internet.
O Tips to prepare questionaire:
O Write purpose & benefit of study
O Provide clear instruction
O Ask only relevan questions
O Avoid leading ,ambiguous questions
and asking two things in one question.
Type of Questionaire
O Open-ended questions
O Give opinion, ideas,suggestion or
comments.
O Example: Why you choosen the
product?
O Closed-ended questions
O Yes/No Question
O Likert-Scale
O Listing
O Ranking
O Category
Example of Scale Question
Example of Listing Question
Example of Category Question
O Two way communication which permits an exchange of ideas and information
O Conversation carried out to obtain specific information
O Type of InterviewO Structured –standardized , folllow list of
question
O Semi-structured –ask based on previous prepared question and some other unprepared question based on interviewees’ answers
O Unstructured –more flexible, interviewees and interviewers have freedom to express themselves, like conversation
4 Process of interview
1) Identify credible individual to be
interview
O Write or call person
O Set time and place
2) Do your homework
O Prepare questions
O Learn terminologies/vocabulary related
to topic
3) Carry out interviewO Be on time, dress appropriately
O Ask permission –used tape recorder
O Get to know the person before start
O Ask question that produced extended response
O Limit Yes/No questions
O Let the person finish first
O Be attentive to ask follow up question
O Probe to clarify ambiguous responses
O Summarize ideas
O Show your appreciate time for time and
cooperation given
4) Analyse the response
O Look over your notes, write any response that you
missed
O Reflect upon the interview by giving honest opinion
O Prepare an observation sheet
O Take note of everything you observe
within the observation period.
O To verify physical laws, principles and
theory, measure or determine physical
properties, compare experimental with
theoretical results.
DESCRIBING THE METHOD USED IN
RESEARCH
• Need to consider the questions:
Who were the subjects or respondent?
How were the subjects/respondents selected?
What were the instrument used?
Main elements in research method
Purpose or objective of the research
Short description of the issue or problem to be
investigated
Location of the data collection
Population and sample or respondents of the
research
Data collection methods
Data analysis methods
Research Method
O2 PARTS :
1) Overview
Information about the study in general
Purpose/objective for conducting a research
Location where the data collected
Method of data collection
Research Method Cont…
2) Body
Respondent
Location
Methods of data collection
Methods of data analysis
Research methodology section
O 3.1 Introduction
O 3.2 Research Instruments
O 3.3 Respondents of the Study
O 3.4 Research Procedure
O 3.5 Data Analysis
OTHANK
YOU!
