[471 COMPILATION OF METHODS 583

[47] Compilation of Methods Published in Previous Volumes of Methods in Enzymology

By ALFRED H. MERRILL, JR.

Introduction

The Methods in Enzymology series has published many chapters on sphingolipids beyond the ones included in this volume. To facilitate location of these chapters, we list below the ones that we have been able to identify under the subheadings of the two volumes dedicated to sphingolipids (Vol. 311 and this volume).

Sphingolipid Metabolism

Enzymes of ceramide biosynthesis, Vol. 209, 427 (1992).’ Serine palmitoyltransferase, Vol. 311, 3 (2000).2 Assay of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae dihydrosphingosine C-4 hydroxy-

lase, Vol. 311, 9 (2000).3 Ceramide synthease, Vol. 311, 15 (2000).4 Dihydroceramide desaturase, Vol. 311,22 (2000).5 Assays for the biosynthesis of sphingomyelin (ceramide phosphocholine)

and ceramide-phosphoethanolamine, Vol. 311, 31 (2000).6 Phospholipid exchange protein-dependent synthesis of sphingomyelin,

Vol. 98, 596 (1983).7 Glucosylceramide synthase: assay and properties, Vol. 311, 42 (2000).’ Methods for studying glucosylceramide synthase, Vol. 311, 50 (2000).9 A novel assay method for the biosynthesis of galactosyl- and glucosylcer-

amides, Vol. 72, 384 (1981).”

’ A. H. Merrill, Jr., and E. Wang, Methods Enzymol. 209,427 (1992). ’ R. C. Dickson, R. L. Lester and M. M. Nagiec, Methods Enzymol. 311, 3 (2000). 3 M. M. Grilley and J. Y. Takemoto, Methods Enzymol. 311, 9 (2000). 4 E. Wang and A. H. Merrill, Jr., Methods Enzymol. 311,15 (2000). 5 H. Schulze, C. Michel, and G. van Echten-Deckert, Methods Enzymol. 311,22 (2000). 6 M. Nikolova-Karakashian, Methods Enzymol. 311, 31 (2000). ’ D. R. Voelker and E. P. Kennedy, Methods Enzymol. 98,596 (1983). ‘J. A. Shayman and A. Abe, Methods Enzymol. 311,42 (2000). 9 P. Marks, P. Paul, Y. Kamisaka, and R. E. Pagano, Methods Enzymol. 311,50 (2000).

” E. Costantino-Ceccarini and A. Cestelli, Methods Enzymol. 72, 384 (1981).

Copyright 8 2CO0 by Academic Press

METHODS IN ENZYMOLOGY, VOL. 312 All rights of reproduction in any fom reserved.

0076.6ET79/CNl $30.00

584 OTHER METHODS [471

Analysis of galactolipids and UDP-galactose: ceramide galactosyltrans- ferase, Vol. 311, 59 (2000).11

UDP-galactose: ceramide galactosyltransferase from rat brain, Vol. 71, 521 (1981).‘*

Glycosyltransferase assay, Vol. 138, 567 (1987).13 Assay of lactosylceramide synthase and comments on its potential role

in signal transduction, Vol. 311, 73 (2000).14 In vitro assays for enzymes of ganglioside synthesis, Vol. 311,82 (2000).r5 Analysis of sulfatide and enzymes of sulfatide metabolism, Vol. 311,

94 (2000)? 1-0-acylceramide synthase, Vol. 311, 105 (2000).r7 N-acetylation of sphingosine by platelet-activating factor: sphingosine

transacetylase, Vol. 311, 117 (2OOO).l* Inositolphosphoryl ceramide synthase from yeast, Vol. 311,123 (2000).19 Enzymes of sphingolipid metabolism in plants, Vol. 311, 130 (2000).20 Purification and characterization of recombinant human acid sphingo-

myelinase expressed in insect Sf21 cells, Vol. 311, 149 (2OOO).*l Human acid sphingomyelinase from human urine, Vol. 197,536 (1991).22 Purification of neutral sphingomyelinase from human urine, Vol. 197,

540 (1991).23 Purification of rat brain membrane neutral sphingomyelinase, Vol. 311,

156 (2000).24 Sphingomyelinase assay using radiolabeled substrate, Vol. 311, 164

(2000).25 Robotic assay of sphingomyelinase activity for high-throughput screen-

ing, Vol. 311, 168 (2000).26

I1 H. Sprong, G. van Meer, and P. van der Sluijs, Methods Enzymol. 311, 59 (2000). l* N. M. Neskovic, P. Mandel, and S. Gatt, Methods Enzymol. 71, 521 (1981). l3 B. E. Samuelsson, Methods Enzymol. 138,567 (1987). l4 S. Chatterjee, Methods Enzymol. 311, 73 (2000). I5 G. Pohlentz, C. Kaes, and K. Sandhoff, Methods Enzymol. 311,82 (2000). I6 F. B. Jungalwala, M. R. Natowicz, P. Chaturvedi, and D. S. Newburg, Methods Enzymol.

311, 94 (2000). l7 J. A. Shayman and A. Abe, Methods Enzymol. 311,105 (2000). l8 T. C. Lee, Methods Enzymol. 311,117 (2000). r9 A. S. Fischl, Y. Liu, A. Browdy, and A. E. Cremesti, Methods Enzymol. 311, 123 (2000). 2o D. V. Lynch, Methods Enzymol. 311,130 (2000). 21 S. Lansmann, 0. Bartelsen, and K. Sandhoff, Methods Enzymol. 311, 149 (2000). 22 L. E. Quintern and K. Sandhoff, Methods Enzymol. 197,536 (1991). u S. Chatterjee and N. Ghosh, Methods Enzymol. 197,540 (1991). ” B. Liu and Y. A. Hannun, Methods Enzymol. 311,156 (2000). 25 B. Liu and Y. A. Hannun, Methods Enzymol. 311,164 (2000). 26A. G. Barbone, A. C. Jackson, D. M. Ritchie, and D. C. Argentieri, Methods Enzymol.

311, 168 (2000).

1471 COMPILATION OF METHODS 585

A high throughput sphingomyelinase assay, Vol. 311, 176 (2000).27 The action of pure phospholipases on native and ghost red cell mem-

branes, Vol. 32, 131 (1974).28 Analysis of sphingomyelin hydrolysis in caveolar membranes, Vol. 311,

184 (2000).29 Protein activator (coglucosidase) for the hydrolysis of P-glucosides, Vol.

83, 596 (1982)e3’ Ceramidases, Vol. 311,194 (2000).31 Purification of acid ceramidase from human placenta, Vol. 311, 201

(2000).32 Ceramide kinase, Vol. 311, 207 (2000).33 Assaying sphingosine kinase activity, Vol. 311, 215 (2000).34 Yeast sphingosine l-phosphate phosphatases: assay, expression, deletion,

purification, and cellular localization by GFP tagging, Vol. 311, 223 (2000) .35

Analysis of ceramide l-phosphate and sphingosine l-phosphate phospha- tase activities, Vol. 311, 233 (2000).36

Sphingosine l-phosphate lyase, Vol. 311,244 (2000).37 Activator proteins for lysosomal glycolipid hydrolysis, Vol. 138, 792

(1987).38 Sphingolipid hydrolases and activator proteins, Vol. 311, 255 (2000).39 Protein activators for the hydrolysis of GM1 and GM2 gangliosides, Vol.

83, 588 (1982):’ Ceramide trihexosidase from human placenta, Vol. 50, 533 (1978).41 Arylsulfatases A and B from human liver, Vol. 50, 537 (1978).42 Sphingolipid hydrolyzing enzymes in the gastrointestinal tract, Vol. 311,

276 (2000) .43

*’ D. F. Hassler, R. M. Laethem, and G. K. Smith, Methods Enzymol. 311, 176 (2000). 28 B. Roelofsen, R. F. Zwaal, and C. B. Woodward, Methods Enzymol. 32, 131 (1974). 29 R. T. Dobrowsky and V. R. Gazula, Methods Enzymol. 311,184 (2000). 3o N. S. Radin and S. L. Berent, Methods Enzymol. 83, 596 (1982). 31 M. Nikolova-Karakashian and A. H. Merrill, Jr., Methods Enzymol. 311, 194 (2000). 32T. Linke, S. Lansmann, and K. Sandhoff, Methods Enzymol. 311,201 (2000). 33 S. Bajjalieh and R. Batchelor, Methods Enzymol. 311, 207 (2000). 34 A. Olivera, K. D. Barlow, and S. Spiegel, Methods Enzymol. 311, 215 (2000). 35 C. Mao and L. Obeid, Methods Enzymol. 311,223 (2ooO). 36 D. N. Brindley, J. Xu, R. Jasinska, and D. W. Waggoner, Methods Enzymol. 311, 233

(2000). 37 P. P. Van Veldhoven, Mefhods Enzymol. 311,244 (2000). 38E. Conzelmann and K. Sandhoff, Methods Enzymol. 138,792 (1987). 39 U. Bierfreund, T. Kolter, and K. Sandhoff, Methods Enzymol. 311,255 (2000). 4o S. C. Li and Y. T. Li, Methods Enzymol. 83, 588 (1982). 41 J. W. Kusiak, J. M. Quirk, and R. 0. Brady, Methods Enzymol. 50, 533 (1978). 42 A. L. Fluharty and J. Edmond, Methods Enzymol. 50, 537 (1978). 43 R. D. Duan and A. Nilsson, Methods Enzymol. 311,276 (2000).

586 OTHER METHODS 1471

Properties of animal ceramide glycanases, Vol. 311, 287 (2000).44 Ceramide glycanase from leech, Hirudo medicinalis, and earthworm,

Lumbricus ten-e&is, Vol. 179, 479 (1989).45 Ceramide glycanase from the leech Mucrobdellu decoru and oligosaccha-

ride-transferring activity, Vol. 242, 146 (1994).46 Endo-fi-galactosidase from Flavobacterium keratolyticus, Vol. 83, 619

(1982).47 Endo+-galactosidase from Escherichia fieundii, Vol. 83, 610 (1982).48 Enzymatic iV-deacylation of sphingolipids, Vol. 311, 297 (2000).49 Genetic approaches for studies of glycolipid synthetic enzymes, Vol. 311,

303 (2000).5O Use of yeast as a model system for studies of sphingolipid metabolism

and signaling, Vol. 311, 319 (2000).51 Enzymic diagnosis of the genetic mucopolysaccharide storage disorders,

Vol. 50, 439 (1978).52 Enzymic diagnosis of sphingolipidoses, Vol. 50, 456 (1978).53 Enzymatic diagnosis of sphingolipidoses, Vol. 138, 727 (1987).54 Assay of enzymes of lipid metabolism with colored and fluorescent deriv-

atives of natural lipids, Vol. 72, 351 (1981).55

Inhibitors of Sphingolipid Metabolism

Isolation and characterization of novel inhibitors of sphingolipid synthe- sis: australifungin, viridiofungins, rustmicin, and khafrefungin, Vol. 311, 335 (2000).56

Fermentation, partial purification, and use of serine palmitoyltransferase inhibitors from Isaria (= Cordyceps) sinclairii, Vol. 311, 348 (2000).57

Isolation and characterization of fumonisins, Vol. 311, 361 (2000).58

4 M. Basu, P. Kelly, M. Girzadas, Z. Li, and S. Basu, Methods Enzymol. 311, 287 (2000). 45 Y. T. Li and S. C. Li, Methods Enzymol. 179,479 (1989). 46 Y. T. Li and S. C. Li, Methods Enzymol. 242, 146 (1994). 47 M. Kitamikado, M. Ito, and Y. T. Li, Methods Enzymol. 83, 619 (1982). 48Y. T. Li, H. Nakagawa, M. Kitamikado, and S. C. Li, Methods Enzymol. 83,610 (1982). 49 M. Ito, K. Kita, T. Kurita, N. Sueyoshi, and H. Izu, Methods Enzymol. 311,297 (2000). So S. Ichikawa and Y. Hirabayashi, Methods Enzymol. 311,303 (2000). 51 N. Chung and L. M. Obeid, Methods Enzymol. 311,319 (2000). ” C. W. Hall, I. Liebaers, P. Di Natale, and E. F. Neufeld, Methods Enzymol. 50,439 (1978). 53 K. Suzuki, Methods Enzymol. 50,456 (1978). s4 K. Suzuki, Methods Enzymol. 138,727 (1987). s5 S. Gatt, et al., Methods Enzymol. 72, 3.51 (1981). s6 S. M. Mandala and G. H. Harris, Methods Enzymol. 311,335 (2000). 57 R. T. Riley and R. D. Plattner, Methods Enzymol. 311,348 (2000). s8 F. I. Meredith, Methodr Enzymol. 311, 361 (2000).

I471 COMPILATION OF METHODS 587

Inhibitors of glucosylceramide synthase, Vol. 311, 373 (2000).59 Inhibitors of cerebroside metabolism, Vol. 72, 673 (1981).60

Chemical and Enzymatic Syntheses

Glycosphingolipids: structure, biologic source, and properties, Vol. 179, 167 (1989)?

Synthesis of sphingosine and sphingoid bases, Vol. 311, 391 (2000).62 Synthesis of sphingosine, radiolabeled-sphingosine, 4-methyl-cis-sphin-

gosine, and l-amino derivatives of sphingosine via their azido deriva- tives, Vol. 311, 441 (2000).63

Total synthesis of sphingosine and its analogs, Vol. 311, 458 (2000).@ Lysogangliosides: synthesis and use in preparing labeled gangliosides,

Vol. 138, 319 (1987).65 Radiolabeling of the sphingolipid backbone, Vol. 311,480 (2000).66 Preparation of radiolabeled ceramides and phosphosphingolipids, Vol.

311, 499 (2000).67 Synthesis of key precursors of radiolabeled sphingolipids, Vol. 311,

518 (2000).‘j8 Metabolic radiolabeling of glycoconjugates, Vol. 230, 16 (1994).69 The preparation of Tay-Sachs ganglioside specifically labeled in either

the N-acetylneuraminosyl or N-acetylgalactosaminyl portion of the molecule, Vol. 35, 541 (1975).70

Practical synthesis of N-palmitoylsphingomyelin and N-palmitoyldihy- drosphingomyelin, Vol. 311, 535 (2000)?1

Chemical synthesis of choline-labeled lecithins and sphingomyelins, Vol. 35, 533 (1975).72

Synthesis and biologic activity of glycolipids, with a focus on gangliosides and sulfatide analogs, Vol. 311, 547 (2000).73

59 J. A. Shayman, L. Lee, A. Abe, and L. Shu, Methods Enzymol. 311,373 (2000). 6o N. S. Radin and R. R. Vunnam, Methods Enzymol. 72,673 (1981). 61 C. L. Stults, C. C. Sweeley, and B. A. Macher, Methods Enzymol. 179,167 (1989). 62 C. Curfman and D. Liotta, Methods Enzymol. 311,391 (2000). 63 K. H. Jung and R. R. Schmidt, Methods Enzymol. 311,441 (2000). @ P. M. Koskinen and A. M. Koskinen, Methods Enzymol. 311,458 (2000). 65 G. Schwarzmann and K. Sandhoff, Methods Enzymol. 138,319 (1987). 66 A. Bielawska, Y. A. Hannum, and Z. Szulc, Methods Enzymol. 311,480 (2000). 67 A. Bielawska and Y. A. Hannun, Methods Enzymol. 311,499 (2000). 68 A. Bielawska, Z. Szulc, and Y. A. Hannun, Methods Enzymol. 311, 518 (2000). 69 A. Varki, Methods Enzymol. 230, 16 (1994). ‘O J. F. Tallman, E. H. Kolodny, and R. 0. Brady, Methods Enzymol. 35, 541 (1975). ‘i A. S. Bushnev and D. C. Liotta, Methods Enzymol. 311,535 (2000). l2 W. Stoffel, Methods Enzymol. 35, 533 (1975). 73 T. Ikami, H. Ishida, and M. Kiso, Methods Enzymol. 311, 547 (2000).

588 OTHER METHODS [471

Sphingolipid photoaffinity labels, Vol. 311, 568 (2000)Y4 Disaccharide units from complex carbohydrates of animals, Vol. 50,

272 (1978).75 Chemical synthesis of phospholipids and analogs of phospholipids con-

taining carbon-phosphorus bonds, Vol. 35,429 (1975).76 Chemical synthesis of glycosylamide and cerebroside analogs composed

of carba sugars, Vol. 247, 136 (1994).77 Synthesis and characterization of metabolically stable sphingolipids, Vol.

311, 601 (2000).78 Synthesis of ganglioside analogs containing sulfur in place of oxygen at

the linkage positions, Vol. 242, 183 (1994).79 Preparation of fluorescence-labeled neoglycolipids for ceramide gly-

canase assays, Vol. 278, 519 (1997).80 Ganglioside-based neoglycoproteins, Vol. 242, 17 (1994).‘l Synthetic soluble analogs of glycolipids for studies of virus-glycolipid

interactions, Vol. 311, 626 (2000).” Synthesis of ganglioside GM3 and analogs containing modified sialic

acids and ceramides, Vol. 242, 173 (1994).83 Synthesis and characterization of ganglioside GM3 derivatives: lyso-

GM3, de-N-acetyl-GM3, and other compounds, Vol. 179,242 (1989).84 Preparation of radioactive gangliosides, 3H or 14C isotopically labeled at

oligosaccharide or ceramide moieties, Vol. 311, 639 (2000).85 Synthesis of sialyl Lewis X ganglioside and analogs, Vol. 242,158 (1994).86 Fluorescent gangliosides, Vol. 138, 313 (1987).87 Sialic acid analogs and application for preparation of neoglycoconjugates,

Vol. 247, 153 (1994).”

74 F. Knoll, T. Kolter, and 5. Sandhoff, Methods Enzymol. 311, 568 (2000). ” G. Dawson, Methods Enzymol. 50,272 (1978). 76 A. F. Rosenthal, Methods Enzymol. 35,429 (197.5). ” S. Ogawa and H. Tsunoda, Methods Enzymol. 247,136 (1994). 78 G. Schwarzmann, Methods Enzymol. 311,601 (2000). 79 H Ishida, M. Kiso, and A. Hasegawa, Methods Enzymol. 242,183 (1994). 8o K: Matsuoka, S. I. Nishimura, and Y. C. Lee, Methods Enzymol. 278,519 (1997). s1 J. A. Mahoney and R. L. Schnaar, Methods Enzymol. 242,17 (1994). **J. Fantini, Methods Enzymol. 311, 626 (2000). s3 M. Kiso and A. Hasegawa, Methods Enzymol. 242, 173 (1994). 84 G. A. Nores, N. Hanai, S. B. Levery, H. L. Eaton, M. E. Salyan, and S. Hakomori, Methods

Enzymol. 179,242 (1989). 85 S. Sonnino, V. Chigomo, and G. Tettamanti, Methods Enzymol. 311, 639 (2000). %A. Hasegawa and M. Kiso, Methods Enzymol. 242, 158 (1994). *’ S. Spiegel, Methods Enzymol. Us, 313 (1987). ** R. Brossmer and H. J. Gross, Methods Enzymol. 247,153 (1994).

1471 COMPILATION OF METHODS 589

Enzymatic synthesis of [14C]ceramide, [14C]glycosphingolipids, and w- aminoceramide, Vol. 311, 682 (2000).89

Methods for Isolating and Analyzing Sphtngolipids

Separation of sphingosine bases by chromatography on columns of silica gel, Vol. 35, 529 (1975).90

Inositol-containing sphingolids, Vol. 138, 186 (1987).91 Thin-layer chromatography of neutral glycosphingolipids, Vol. 35, 396

(1975).92 Thin-layer chromatography of neutral glycosphingolipids and ganglio-

sides, Vol. 72, 185 (1981).93 Thin-layer chromatography of glycosphingolipids, Vol. 230,371 (1994).94 Isolation and characterization of glycosphingolipid from animal cells and

their membranes, Vol. 32, 345-67 (1974).95 DEAE-silica gel and DEAE-controlled porous glass as ion exchangers

for the isolation of glycolipids, Vol. 72, 174 (1981).96 Isolation of glycosphingolipids, Vol. 230, 348 (1994).97 Use of antibodies and the primary enzyme immunoassay (PEIA) to study

enzymes: the arylsulfatase A-anti-arylsulfatase A system, Vol. 73, 550 (1981).98

Isolation of blood group ABH-active glycolipids from human erythrocyte membranes, Vol. 50,207 (1978).99

Isolation of poly(glycosyl)ceramides with A, B, H, and I blood-group activities, Vol. 50, 211 (1978).‘”

Glycosphingolipids: structure, biologic source, and properties, Vol. 50, 236 (1978).‘01

Gangliosides: structure, isolation, and analysis, Vol. 83, 139 (1982).io2

89 M. Ito, S. Mitsutake, M. Tani, and K. Kita, Methods Enzymol. 311, 682 (2000). 9o Y. Barenholz and S. Gatt, Methods Enzymol. 35, 529 (1975). 91 R. A. Laine and T. C. Hsieh, Methods Enzymol. 138, 186 (1987). 92 V. P. Skipski, Methods Enzymol. 35, 396 (1975). 93 S. K. Kundu, Methods Enzymol. 72, 185 (1981). 94 R. L. Schnaar and L. K. Needham, Methods Enzymol. 230,371 (1994). 95 S. I. Hakomori and B. Siddiqui, Methods Enzymol. 32, 345 (1974). 96 S. K. Kundu, Methods Enzymol. 72, 174 (1981). 97 R. L. Schnaar, Methods Enzymol. 230, 348 (1994). 98 E. A. Neuwelt, Methods Enzymol. 73,550 (1981). 99 S. I. Hakomori, Methods Enzymol. 50, 207 (1978).

lw J. Koscielak, H. Miller-Podraza, and E. Zdebska, Methods Enzymol. 50, 211 (1978). lo1 B. A. Macher and C. C. Sweeley, Methods Enzymol. 50,236 (1978). lo2 R. W. Ledeen and R. K. Yu, Methods Enzymol. 83, 139 (1982).

590 OTHER METHODS 1471

Isolation and purification of gangliosides from plasma, Vol. 138, 300 (1987).to3

Short-bed, continuous development, thin-layer chromatography of gly- cosphingolipids, Vol. 138, 125 (1987).lo4

High-pressure liquid chromatography analysis of neutral glycosphingo- lipids: perbenzoylated mono-, di-, tri-, and tetraglycosylceramides, Vol. 138, 117 (1987).lo5

Isolation and purification of glycosphingolipids by high-performance liq- uid chromatography, Vol. 138, 3 (1987).‘06

High-performance liquid chromatography of membrane lipids: glyco- sphingolipids and phospholipids, Vol. 172, 538 (1989).lo7

Radioisotopic assay for galactocerebrosides and sulfatides, Vol. 83, 191 (1982).lo8

Isolation of specific sugar sequences using carbohydrate-binding proteins, Vol. 83, 241 (1982).‘09

Regulation of cholera toxin by temperature, pH, and osmolarity, Vol. 235, 517 (1994)?O

Removal of water-soluble substances from ganglioside preparations, Vol. 35, 549 (1975)?

Methods for determination of gangliosides in retinas and rod outer seg- ments, Vol. 81, 304 (1982).‘12

Analysis of glycosphingolipids by high-resolution proton nuclear mag- netic resonance spectroscopy, Vol. 83, 69 (1982).‘13

Lectin affinity chromatography of glycolipids and glycolipid-derived oli- gosaccharides, Vol. 179, 30 (1989).l14

Two-dimensional proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Vol. 179, 122 (1989).l15

lo3 S. Ladisch and B. Gillard, Methods Enzymol. l38, 300 (1987). lo4 W. W. Young, Jr., and C. A. Borgman, Methods Enzymol. 138, 125 (1987). lo5 M. D. Ullman and R. H. McCluer, Methods Enzymol. l38, 117 (1987). lo6 R. Kannagi, K. Watanabe, and S. Hakomori, Methods Enzymol. 138,3 (1987). lo7 R. H. McCluer, M. D. Ullman, and F. B. Jungalwala, Methods Enzymol. 172,538 (1989). lo8 H. Singh and J. N. Kanfer, Methods Enzymol. 83, 191 (1982). lo9 D. F. Smith, Methods Enzymol. 83, 241 (1982). rr” C. L. Garde1 and J. J. Mekalanos, Methods Enzymol. 235,517 (1994). llr T. P. Carter and J. N. Kanfer, Methods Enzymol. 35,549 (1975). I12 H. Dreyfuss, N. Virmaux-Colin, S. Harth, and P. Mandel, Methods Enzymol. 81, 304

(1982). lr3 J. Dabrowski, P. Hanlland, and H. Egge, Methods Enzymol. 83,69 (1982). 114 D. F. Smith and B. V. Tones, Methods Enzymol. 179, 30 (1989). r15 J. Dabrowski, Methods Enzymol. 179, 122 (1989).

1471 COMPILATION OF METHODS 591

Computer simulations of nuclear Overhauser effect spectra of complex oligosaccharides, Vol. 240, 446 (1994).r16

Direct chemical ionization mass spectrometry of carbohydrates, Vol. 138, 59 (1987).lr7

Mass spectrometry of mixtures of intact glycosphingolipids, Vol. 193, 623 (1990).rr8

Desorption mass spectrometry of glycosphingolipids, Vol. 193, 713 (199O)?l9

High-mass gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of permethylated oli- gosaccharides, Vol. 193,733 (199O).r*’

Infrared and laser Raman spectroscopy, Vol. 32, 247 (1974).lz1 Glycolipids, Vol. 138, 575 (1987).l**

Methods for Analyzing Aspects of Sphingolipid Metabolism in Intact Cells

Use of N-([l-r4C]h exanoyl)-D-erythro-sphingolipids to assay sphingo- lipid metabolism, Vol. 209, 437 (1992).lz3

Sphingolipid-Protein Interactions and Cellular Targets

Use of sphingosine as inhibitor of protein kinase C, Vol. 201, 316 (1991).‘24

Covalent attachment of glycolipids to solid supports and macromolecules, Vol. 50, 137 (1978).l*’

Glycolipid transfer protein from pig brain, Vol. 179, 559 (1989).‘26 Sulfatide-binding proteins, Vol. 138, 473 (1987).‘27 Cerebroside transfer protein, Vol. 98, 613 (1983).12’

‘I6 C. A. Bush, Methods Enzymol. 240, 446 (1994). ii’ V. N. Reinhold, Methods Enzymol. 138, 59 (1987). “* B. E. Samuelsson, W. Pimlott, and K. A. Karlsson, Methods Enzymol. 193,623 (1990). ‘I9 J. Peter-Katalinic and H. Egge, Methods Enzymol. 193, 713 (1990). lzo G. C. Hansson and H. Karlsson, Methods Enzymol. 193,733 (1990). i2’ D. F. Hoelzl Wallach, and A. R. Oseroff, Methods Enzymol. 32,247 (1974). 122 M Basu T. De, K. K. Das, J. W. Kyle, H. C. Chon, R. J. Schaeper, and S. Basu, Methods

Enzyme; 138, 575 (1987). lZ3 A. H. Futerman and R. E. Pagano, Methods Enzymol. 209,437 (1992). 124 Y. A. Hannun, A. H. Merrill, Jr., and R. M. Bell, Methods Enzymol. 201,316 (1991). lZ5 W. W. Young, Jr., A. Laine, and S. I. Hakomori, Methods Enzymol. 50, 137 (1978). lz6 T. Sasaki and A. Abe, Methods Enzymol. 179, 559 (1989). lZ7 D. D. Roberts, Methods Enzymol. 138,473 (1987). i2sN. S. Radin and R. J. Metz, Methods Enzymol. 98, 613 (1983).

592 OTHER METHODS 1471

Adhesion of eukaryotic cells to immobilized carbohydrates, Vol. 179, 542 (1989).129

Gangliosides that modulate membrane protein function, Vol. 179, 521 (1989).13’

Ganglioside-agarose and cholera toxin, Vol. 34, 610 (1974).13r Replacement of glycosphingolipid ceramide residues by glycerolipid for

microtiter plate assays, Vol. 242, 198 (1994).132

Sphingolipid Transport and Trafficking

Estimating sphingolipid metabolism and trafficking in cultured cells using radiolabeled compounds, Vol. 311, 656 (2000).133

Localization of ganglioside GM1 with biotinylated choleragen, Vol. 184, 405 (1990).'34

Transfer of bulk markers from endoplasmic reticulum to plasma mem- brane, Vol. 219, 189 (1992).135

Other Methods

Purification of rat liver 5’-nucleotidase as a complex with sphingomyelin, Vol. 32, 368 (1974).‘36

Sphingolipid-dependent signaling in regulation of cytochrome P450 ex- pression, Vol. 272, 381 (1996).‘37

The author apologizes for any other chapters that have been overlooked in preparing this list.

lz9 R L Schnaar, B. K. Brandley, L. K. Needham, P. Swank-Hill, and C. C. Blackbum, iethids Enzymol. 179,542 (1989).

130 Y. Igarashi, H. Nojiri, N. Hanai, and S. Hakomori, Methods Enzymol. 179,521 (1989). “I I. Par&h and P. Cuatrecasas, Methods Enzymol. 34,610 (1974). 132 R. Roy, A. Romanowska, and F. 0. Andersson, Methods Enzymol. 242,198 (1994). ‘33 L. Riboni, P. Viani, and G. Tettamanti, Methods Enzymol. 311, 656 (2000). 134 H. Asou, Methods Enzymol. 184,405 (1990). 135 F. Wieland, Methods Enzymol. 219, 189 (1992). 136 C. C. Widnell, Methods Enzymol. 32, 368 (1974). 137 E T Morgan, M. Nikolova-Karakashian, J. Q. Chen, and A. H. Merrill, Jr., Methods

Eizjmol. 272,381 (1996).