Mf©ve¯’v, Rb¥ I kvšÍ vKzb - NHS Grampian Steady... · ‡mKkb GK Mf©ve¯ ’v Mf©ve¯’vi cÖv_wgK ch©vq 4 Mf©ve¯’vq kvixwiK mejZv I ¯^v ... ‡h me k‡ãi gy‡LvgywL

Bengali

cÖ¯‘Z †nvb Mf©ve¯’v, Rb¥ I

kvšÍ _vKzb gvZ…‡Z¡i cÖ_g ch©vq m¤ú‡K© GKwU wb‡`©wkKv

wkï Avm‡Q!

¯^xK…wZ GB eB‡Z¯^v¯’¨ welqK †ckvRxexe„›` (†nj_ cÖ‡dkbvj), †ckvRxex wewfbœ msMVb, mvaviY I fjv›Uvwi msMVb Ges wcZv-gvZv‡ì wewfbœ Av‡jvPbv, civgk© I gšÍe¨ Zz‡j aiv n‡q‡Q| hviv GB cÖ‡R‡±i Dbœq‡bi j‡¶¨ AvMÖ‡ni mv‡_ mgq w`‡q‡Qb Ges Zv‡ì we‡klÁ Ávb I AwfÁZv e¨³ Kiv mn wewfbœ fv‡e mn‡hvwMZv cÖ`vb K‡i‡Qb, †nj_ ¯‹Uj¨vbÛ Zv‡ì mKj‡K abëv` Ávcb Ki‡Q| GB cÖ‡R‡±i Kv‡Ri e¨vcv‡i `vwqZ¡cÖvß Uv¯‹ MÖ“‡ci mevi cÖwZ, we‡kl K‡i wRj Gjvb, wjÛv eªvBm, m¨vwj Kvjvnvb, b¨vwWb GWIqvW©m, Kvi&mBU d÷vi, jxRjx gvi, GM‡bm g¨vKMvIqvb, Rxb gÿi, †Rwb Iqv‡ib, wjÛv Ijdmb I wiwb Iqvb‡Rg‡K Rvbv‡bv n‡”Q we‡kl abëv`| Wvt kxj v jImb, Wvt G½vm †dvW© I †K¬qvi KxbvbI g~jëvb D`¨g I mn‡hvwMZv cÖ`vb K‡i‡Qb| we‡klK‡i abëv` Rvbv‡bv hv‡”Q, †mBme gvZv-wcZv‡K, hviv Zv‡ì I Zv‡ì wkï mšÍvb‡ì Qwe Zzj‡Z I GB eB‡Z eënvi Kivi R‡b¨ Avgv‡ì AbygwZ w`‡q‡Qb| eW©vim KwgDwbwU †nj_ mvwf©m GbGBP Gm Uªv÷, WvwÛ wUwPs nvmcvZvj (bvBbI‡qjm), jvbvK©kvqvi †nj_ †evW©, j nmwcUvj GbGBPGm Uªv÷, †jvw_qvb †nj_, wm¤úmb †g‡gvwiqvj †gUviwbwU c¨vwfwjqb, I‡q÷ †jvw_qvb GÛ BqK©wnj GbGBPGm Uªv‡÷i mn‡hvwMZvq GB eB cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q|

‡nj_ ¯‹Uj¨v‡Ûi D‡`¨v‡M cÖKvwkZ GwWbeiv Awdm: Woodburn House, Canaan Lane, Edinburgh EH10 4SG Mvm‡Mv Awdm: Clifton House, Clifton Place, Glasgow G3 7LS ©GbGBPGm †nj_ ¯‹Uj¨vÛ, 1998, 1999, 2002, 2003, 2004

cÖ_g cÖKvk 1998 wØZxq ms¯‹iY 1999 wifvBRW 2002, 2003, 2004 ISBN: 1-84485-239-3 www.healthscotland.com g~j †jLwb: wn`vi

I‡qj‡dvW© wWRvBb: wWRvBb wjsKm, GwWbeiv/Mvm‡Mv Qwe: Bqvb ÷zqvU©| 78, 79, 80, 82 I 84: msMÖn/Gbw_qv wmfwKs Ñ GB Qwe¸‡jvi eë¯’v Kivi R‡b¨ †R‡bU evjvmKvm I GKwUf ev_© gyf‡g›U‡K abëv`| gy`ªY: GKb© I‡qe

GB cÖKvkbvwU me©‡kl Z_¨mn wbf©yjfv‡e cÖKv‡ki R‡b¨ h_vm¤¢e †Póv Kiv n‡q‡Q| Z‡e GUv wVK †h, bZzb †gwWK¨vj M‡elYvi d‡j KL‡bv KL‡bv GUv n‡q _v‡K †h, Mf©ve¯’v I wkïi Rb¥ welqK Z_¨ I wkïi hZœ welqK mycvwikmg~n L ye `ª“ZB cwiewZ©Z n‡Z _v‡K| bZzb ‡Kvb Z_¨ †_‡K _vK‡j cieZ©x gy`ª‡Y Avgiv Zv cÖKvk Ki‡ev Ges mycvwikmg~‡n D‡j L‡hvM¨ me cwieZ©b Avgiv Zvr¶wYKfv‡e Rvwb‡q †`‡ev Wv³vi, wgWIqvBd I †nj_ wfwRUi‡ì‡K| GB eBwU†Z h_v_© wbqg-c×wZi (¸W cÖ¨vKwU‡mi) e¨vcv‡i HK¨g‡Zi cÖwZdjb N‡U‡Q, Z‡e AbyMÖn K‡i g‡b ivL‡eb †h, Avcbvi †¶‡Î wKQyUv Ab¨ iK‡gi †Kqvi †bqv n‡q _vK‡j, Zv n‡q‡Q Ab¨ iK‡gi cwiw¯’wZ I wK¬wbK¨vj RvR‡g‡›Ui cwi‡cÖw¶‡Z| Avcbvi hw` †Kvb iK‡gi mskq, D‡ØM ev fxwZ †_‡K _v‡K, Zvn‡j Avk¦ Í nIqvi R‡b¨ Ges G m¤ú‡K© AviI e¨vL¨v cvIqvi R‡b¨ Avcbvi Wv³vi, wgWIqvBd ev †nj_ wfwRU‡ii mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM Ki‡Z wØav Ki‡eb bv|

m~ wPcÎ

‡mKkb GK Mf©ve ’v

Mf©ve¯’vi cÖv_wgK ch©vq 4 Mf©ve¯’vq kvixwiK mejZv I ¯^v¯’¨ 7 Mf©ve¯’vq Lvevi-`vevi 13 Avcbvi mßvn wfwËK Mf©ve¯’v

6 mßvn ch©šÍ 17 mßvn 7-12 19

mßvn 13-16 21 mßvn 17-20 22 mßvn 21-24 24 mßvn 25-28 26 mßvn 29-32 28 mßvn 33-36 30 mßvn 37-40 Ges cieZ©x 32

wkïi Rb¥ c~e©eZ©x hZœ (Gw›UbvUvj †Kqvi) 34 ‡h me k‡ãi gy‡LvgywL Avcwb n‡Z cv‡ib 35 Avë ªvmvDÛ 44 Avcbvi cQ›`mg~n I wKfv‡e ‡m¸‡jv ev¯Íevqb Ki‡eb 46 Avcbvi kix‡ii cwieZ©b 52 AviI ¸i“Zi mgm¨vejx 54 Mf©ve¯’v I KvR Kiv 57 hgR mšÍvb 60 Avcbvi wkïi ms¯ú‡k© _vKv 62

Rb¥ c~e©eZ©x (Gw›UbvUvj) K¬vk 64

Acbvi mšÍv‡bi R‡b¨ cÖ¯‘wZ MÖnY 66

‡gqv`-c~e©eZ©x cÖme †e`bv 67 hLb Mf©ve¯’vq mgm¨v †`Lv †`q 68

†mKkb yB: Rb¥ cÖme †e`bv 70 cÖ_g ch©vq 72 wØZxq ch©vq 77 Z…Zxq ch©vq 82 wmRvwiqv‡bi gva¨‡g cÖme 85

‡mKkb wZb: Avcwb I Avcbvi beRvZK wkï cÖ_g w`b¸wj 88 Avcbvi wkï‡K LvIqv‡bv 91 cÖm‡ei ci Avcbvi Rxeb hvÎv 102 Rb¥ cieZ©x Aemv`MÖ¯ÍZv 107 wbqwgZ hZœ 110 N ygv‡bv I KvbœvKvwU 115 ‡mKkb Pvi: Avcbvi wkïi weKvk wKfv‡e nq Avcbvi weKvkgvb wkï: GK bR‡i AMÖMwZ 119 gvm 1-2 121 gvm 3-4 123 gvm 5-6 126 gvm 7-8 129 gvm 9-10 133 gvm 11-12 135 gvm 13-18 139 gvm 19-24 142 2 – 21/2 eQi 144 21/2 – 3 eQi 146 Amy¯’Zv I †Kvb †Kvb welq j¶¨ ivL‡Z n‡e 149 AviI mvnvh¨, Z_¨ I cÖ‡qvRbxq wVKvbvmg~n 151 wb‡`©wkKv (Bb‡W·) 156

cÖ¯ ‘Z †nvb, kvš Í _vK zb, wkï Avm‡Q!

GB eB m¤ú‡K© wKQy K_v

MZg mevB‡K cÖ¯‘Z †nvb, kvšÍ _vKzb, wkï Avm‡Q! eBwU‡Z| Mf©ve ’v, wkïi Rb¥ Ges wZb eQi eqm ch©šÍ Avcbvi wkïi

hZœ m¤ú‡K© ¯úó I me©‡kl Z_¨ cÖ`v‡bi R‡b¨ Avgiv GB eB cÖKvk K‡iwQ| eBwU co‡Z Avcbv‡ì fv‡jv jvM‡e Ges fwel¨‡Zi R‡b¨ GwU Avcwb msi¶Y K‡i ivL‡eb e‡j Avgiv Avkv Kwi| mywbw`©ó ‡Kvb welq m¤ú‡K© Avcwb Rvb‡Z AvMÖwn n‡j eBwUi †k‡l GKwU wb‡`©wkKv (Bb‡W·) †`qv Av‡Q|

cÖ¯‘Z †nvb, kvšÍ _vKzb, wkï Avm‡Q! eBwU wj‡L‡Qb GKRb AwfÁ †jLK, whwb wb‡RI GKRb gv|eBwU †jLvi e¨vcv‡i Zvi mv‡_ AviI wQ‡jb GK`j we‡klÁ| Avgiv Avkv Kwi, Avcbvi me cÖ‡kœi Reve Avcwb G‡Z L yu‡R cv‡eb Ges †Kvb wel‡q Avcwb DwØMœ _vK‡j †m e¨vcv‡i GB eB †_‡K Avcwb mvnvh¨ †c‡Z m¶g n‡eb |

g‡b ivL‡eb, Avcbvi I Avcbvi wkïi hZœ †bqvi `vwq‡Z¡ _vK‡eb A‡bK †jvK -Avcbvi hZœ ev Avcbvi wkïi ¯^v¯’¨ ev Zvi weKvk m¤úwK©Z ‡h †Kvb e¨vcv‡i KviI mv‡_ Avcwb hw` AviI we¯ÍvwiZfv‡e Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z Pvb, Zvn‡j Avcbvi Wv³vi, wgWIqvBd ev †nj_ wfwRU‡ii mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM Ki‡Z †Kvb wØav Ki‡eb bv|

3

¯^v

‡mKkb GK: Mf©ve¯’v

cÖ_g j¶Y¸wj

Avcbvi hw` wbqwgZ fv‡e gvwmK i³mªve n‡q _v‡K, Zvn‡j Mf©avi‡Yi cÖvq `yB mßvn ci Avcwb j¶¨ Ki‡eb, Avcwb GKwU wcwiIW ev i³mªve wgm K‡i‡Qb| AviI wKQy j¶YI Avcwb †`‡L _vK‡Z cv‡ib| Mf©avi‡Yi e¨vcv‡i Avcwb Avkvevw` †_‡K _vK‡j Ges kvixwiK cwieZ©b¸wji cÖwZ †Lqvj †i‡L Pj‡j gvwmK i³mªv‡ei wcwiqW wgm nIqvi welqwU j¶¨ Kivi Av‡MI G RvZxq AviI wKQy j¶Y Avcwb j¶¨ Ki‡Z cv‡ib| Avcbvi Mf©aviY m¤ú‡K© wbwðZ nIqvi R‡b¨ wRwci Kv‡Q hvb| Zvi mv‡_ Rb¥ c~e©eZ© h‡Zœi (Gw›UbvUvj †Kqvi) e¨vcv‡i K_v ejyb| Mf©avi‡Yi Kvi‡Y kix‡i wewfbœ ai‡Yi cwieZ©b N‡U _v‡K| ‡m mgq i³ cÖev‡n ni‡gvb mÂvwiZ nq Ges Zv kix‡ii wewfbœ As‡k bvbv iK‡gi cÖfve †i‡L _v‡K|

• Mf©avi‡Yi ciciB Avcbvi ¯Í‡b cwieZ©b NU‡Z ïi“ K‡i| Avcbvi kixi `ya Drcv`b I Zv msi¶‡Yi wUmÿ¸‡jv ˆZixi KvR ïi“ K‡i| ¯^vfvwe‡Ki Zzjbvq Avcbvi ¯Íb †ek ¯úk©KvZi e‡j Avcwb Abyfe Ki‡Z cv‡ib| ¯Íbe„‡šÍi (¯Í‡bi †ev uUv) Pvicv‡ki GjvKvq, hv‡K wUDevivjm& ejv n‡q _v‡K, †mLv‡b †ek ¯úó n‡q I‡V LyeB †QvU †QvU `vM|

• Avcbvi Amy¯’Zv †eva ïi“ n‡Z cv‡i Ges †Kvb †Kvb Lvevi I MÜ Amn¨ n‡q DV‡Z cv‡i|

‡Kvb †Kvb gwnjv ewg K‡i _v‡Kb| mvaviYZ mKv‡ji w`‡K G iKg n‡q _v‡K, Z‡e Ab¨vb¨ mg‡qI ewgi fve n‡q _vK‡Z cv‡i| Avcbvi gy‡L avZe c`v‡_©i g‡Zv GK iK‡gi ¯^v` †`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i, hv ¶wZMÖ¯Í Ki‡Z cv‡i Avcbvi gy‡Li ¯^vfvweK ¯^v`| †Kvb †Kvb Lvev‡ii MÜ Avcbv‡K Amy¯’I K‡i Zzj‡Z cv‡i|

• Avcwb K¬vwšÍ †eva Ki‡Z

cv‡ib| ‡Kvb †Kvb gwnjv e‡j _v‡Kb, Mf©ve¯’vi cÖ_g ch©v‡q Zviv Ab¨ †h †Kvb mg‡qi †P‡q †ewk K¬vwšÍ Abyfe K‡i _v‡Kb|

• Nb Nb Avcbvi cÖmªve n‡Z

cv‡i|

4

Mf©ve¯’vi cÖv_wgK ch©vq

mßvn 1 mßvn 2 mßvn 3 mßvn 4

Avcbvi ‡kl gvwmK i³mªv‡ei cÖ_g w`b

GB mg‡qi w ‡K Avcwb Mf©aviY K‡ib

GB mg‡q Avcbv‡K Pvi mßv‡ni Mf©eZx e‡j AvL¨vwqZ Kiv n‡e

ÒAvgvi me mg‡qB aviYv wQ‡jv, GKw`b Avwg gv n‡ev, GLb Zv ev¯Í‡e iƒc wb‡Z P‡j‡Q, Avgvi Abyf~wZ ‡h wK, Avwg Zv Avm‡jB Rvwb bv| nVvr K‡iB GUv n‡Z P‡j‡Q| Avgvi eq‡d«Û‡K Rvbv‡bvi ci †m †Zv LyeB Lywk| Avwg Rvwb, †m-I Pvq, Zvi g‡ZvB †hb AvwgI Lywk nB| wKš‘ Avwg †mfv‡e Lywk n‡Z cviwQ bv| Avkv KiwQ, Avgvi g‡a¨ cwieZ©b Avm‡e-GL‡bv †Zv G‡Kev‡i cÖv_wgK Ae¯’v|Ò ÒAwg †Zv Lye DjvwmZ, mevB‡K GUv ejvi A‡c¶vqI _vK‡Z cviwQ bv †h, †gvUv‡mvUv n‡q IVvi A‡c¶vq AvwQ Avwg, hv‡Z Mf©eZx e‡j g‡b nq Avgv‡K Avi †mB mv‡_ AvwgI †hb Zv Abyfe Ki‡Z cvwi!Ò GB †kl wZb mßvn Avwg G‡Zv Amy¯’ †eva K‡iwQ-ïay mKv‡ji w`‡KB †h Amy¯’Zv †eva K‡iwQ, Zv bq, `ycy‡i Avi iv‡ZI GKB iKg Amy¯’Zv †eva n‡q‡Q Avi K¬vwšÍI ‡j‡M‡Q| Mf©eZx nIqvi †h Avb›`, GB kixi Lviv‡ci e¨vcviwU Zv gvwU K‡i †`q|Ò

cÖ‡kœi Reve cÖt Avcbvi wkïi R‡b¥i m¤¢¨ve¨ mgq KLb (wWD)?

Dt Mf©e¯’v mvaviYZ 37-42 mßvn ev bq †_‡K mv‡o bq gvm ¯’vqx n‡q _v‡K| Avcbvi gvwmK i³mªve P‡µi Mo ¯’vwq‡Z¡i, hv 28 w`b, Zvi Ici GUv wbf©ikxj| Avcbvi Mf©ve¯’vi mgq MYbv ïi“ nq Avcbvi †kl gvwmK i³mªv‡ei cÖ_g w`b †_‡K, Avcwb hw` GgbwK Gi cieZ©x mg‡qI Mf©eZx n‡q _v‡Kb, Zvn‡jI| Avcbvi wcwiqW hw` mvaviYZ cÖwZ 28 w`‡bi eëav‡b bv n‡q Nb Nb Gi Av‡M ev Nb Nb Gi c‡i n‡q _v‡K, Zvn‡j Avcbvi wkïi R‡b¥i cÖZ¨vwkZ Zv wiL Rvbvi †¶‡Î †m welqwU Avcbv‡K we‡ePbvq ivL‡Z n‡e|

• R‡b¥i Õm¤¢ve¨ ZvwiLÕ (wWD †WBU) m¤ú‡K© G welqwU g‡b ivL‡j fv‡jv †h, Avm‡j GUv †gvUvgywU GKwU wb‡`©wkKv gvÎ (ivd MvBW), mywbw`©ó wKQy bq| Lye Kg msL¨K gwnjvB (kZKiv cv uP fv‡Mi g‡Zv) cÖK…Zc‡¶ Õm¤¢ve¨Õ (wWD) e‡j aviYv Kiv Zvwi‡L mšÍvb cÖme K‡i _v‡Kb| †ewki fvM wkïi Rb¥ n‡q _v‡K Õm¤¢ve¨ Zvwi‡LiÕ `yB mßvn Av‡M ev `yB mßvn c‡ii †Kvb GK mg‡q |

• Avcbvi †kl wcwiq‡Wi mgqwU hw` Avcbvi Rvbv bv _v‡K, Zvn‡j KZw`b a‡i Avcwb Mf©eZx, Zv †R‡b wb‡Z Avcbvi wgWIqvBd ev Wv³vi Ab¨vb¨ j¶Y¸‡jv cix¶v K‡i †`L‡Z cv‡ib| Avcbv‡K AvëªmvDÛ ¯‹¨vb Kiv‡bvi cÖ¯ÍveI †`qv n‡Z cv‡i|

5

GKvZ¥ nIqv wcZviv Mf©eZx gv‡q‡ì Mf©ve¯’vKv‡ji

Abyf~wZi A‡bK¸‡jv GKB fv‡e Abyfe

K‡i _v‡Kb| evev n‡Z hv‡”Qb, Avcwb hw`

G iKg †KD †nvb, Zvn‡j Avcbvi wkïi

¯^v¯’¨ I Avcbvi Rxeb mw½bxi ¯^v¯’¨

wb‡q KL‡bv KL‡bv Avcwb DwØMœ I

wePwjZ n‡q co‡Z cv‡ib| Avcwb nq‡Zv

ev Avbw›`Z, wKš‘ GKB mv‡_ nq‡Zv GB

†f‡e wPšÍvhy³I †h, cÖme †e`bv I wkïi

Rb¥wU wK iKg n‡e Ges IB cwiw¯’wZi

mv‡_ wKfv‡e Avcwb wb‡R‡K Lvc

LvIqv‡eb| GLv‡b K‡qKRb wcZvi

AwfÁZv Zz‡j aiv n‡jv|

ÕAvgvi Kv‡Q welqUv †ek KwVb g‡b n‡q‡Q| cÖ_g K‡qK gvm wjR LyeB Av‡eMvcyZ I ¯úk©KvZi wQ‡jv| `y eQi Av‡M Avgiv GKwU wkïmšÍvb‡K nvwi‡qwQ, AskZ, †mR‡b¨B Zvi GiKg n‡q‡Q, AveviI IB ai‡Yi wKQy n‡q hvq wK-bv, Zv wb‡q Zvi fvebv wQ‡jv| cy‡iv e¨vcviwU wQ‡jv †ek KwVb| ‡k‡li w`‡K cwiw¯’wZ A‡bKUvB ¯^vfvweK n‡q Av‡m| Zvi Lye D”P i³Pvc (nvB evW‡cÖmvi) wQ‡jv, G R‡b¨ Zv‡K ejv n‡qwQ‡jv wekªv‡g _vK‡Z| Zvi †m mgq cÖPzi mnvqZv (mv‡cvU©) I Drmvn cvIqvi ìKvi wQ‡jv Õ| Õevev n‡Z hvw”Q, GB Abyf~wZ Avgv‡K Avb›` †`qÑ Avwg mwZ¨B Avbw›`Z| BD‡fvb AšÍ:mË¡v-GUv Avgvi Lye fv‡jv jv‡M Avi ‡hfv‡e Zvi kix‡i cwieZ©b Avm‡Q, ‡mUvI Lye fv‡jv jv‡M Avgvi| Zv‡K wb‡q mwZ¨B Avwg Mwe©Z Avi Mwe©Z Avgv‡K wb‡qI| GKUv mgq G‡m‡Q, hLb AvMvwg w`b¸‡jv wb‡q Avwg wPšÍv-fvebv Ki‡Z ïi“ K‡iwQ| GB cwiw¯’wZ †hme cwieZ©b wb‡q Avm‡e, LvwbKUv D‡ØM Avgvi n‡q‡QZv wb‡q, wKš‘ Avgiv Lvc LvB‡q wb‡Z cvi‡ev e‡j Avwg g‡b Kwi| welqwUi ‡bwZevPK w`‡Ki PvB‡Z BwZevPK w`‡Ki ¸i“Z¡B †ewk|

6

Avcbvi ÒwbR¯^Ò cwiwPwZ KL‡bv KL‡bv Avcbvi g‡b n‡Z cv‡i, Avcbvi wbR¯^ cwiwPwZ nvwi‡q †M‡Q - gv QvovI GKRb e¨w³ wn‡m‡e Avcbvi Rxe‡bi AviI †h bvbv w`K i‡q‡Q, †m¸‡jv bq, GLb ‡hb cÖavb n‡q `vuwo‡q‡Q Avcbvi gv cwiwPwZ| Z‡e, †gv‡Ui Ici, Mf©ve¯’vKv‡j Avcbvi cÖwZ †h g‡bv‡hvM †`qv n‡q _v‡K, Zv A‡bK Dò Ges PgrKvi fv‡e Dc‡fvM¨|

Avcbvi ¯^v¯’¨ wb‡q ev Avcbvi wkïi weKv‡ki e¨vcv‡i wKQy D‡ØM _vKv GKvšÍ ¯^vfvweK| cÖm‡ei Av‡M Avcwb wPšÍvqI _vK‡eb| †Kvb welq wb‡q Avcwb wPwšÍZ n‡q co‡j Zv wb‡q Avcbvi wgWIqvB‡di mv‡_ wbf©iZvi mv‡_ K_v ejyb| GLbI Avcbvi R‡b¨ †Kvb wgWIqvB‡di †dvb bv¤^vi Avcwb hw` bv †c‡q _v‡Kb, Zvn‡j Avcbvi nvmcvZvj, cvwievwiK Wv³vi ev †nj_ †m›Uv‡ii mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM Ki“b Ges GKRb wgWIqvB‡di ZZ¡veav‡b Avcbv‡K ivLvi R‡b¨ Zv‡ì ejyb|

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†mKkb GK: Mf©ve¯’v

cwb hv K‡ib Ges Avcbvi Rxeb hvc‡bi †h aviv, Zv cÖfve †d‡j _v‡K Avcbvi wkïi Ici| G‡Z cwieZ©b GKUv cv_©K¨ Avb‡Z cv‡i| GB eB‡q †`qv A‡bK civgk© I Z_¨ Avcbvi A‡bK cÖ‡kœi Reve †`‡e Ges GB ¸i“Z¡c~Y© mg‡q Avcbvi ¯^v‡¯’ï hZœ †bqvi e¨vcv‡i Avcbvi DcKv‡i Avm‡e|

a~gcvb Avcwb m¤¢eZ GUv Rv‡bb †h, a~gcvb eZ©gv‡b I fwel ‡Z Avcbvi wkïi ¶wZ Ki‡Z cv‡i:

• a~gcvb Avcbvi i‡³ Kve©b g‡bv·vB‡Wi gvÎv evwo‡q †`q, Gi d‡j Avcbvi wkï Aw·‡Rb cvq Kg|

• ¶wZKi ivmvqwbK mvgMÖx (†KwgK¨vjm) X y‡K c‡o Avcbvi wkïi kix‡i

• åƒ‡Yi cywó †hvMv‡bvi R‡b¨ Rivq~i †fZ‡ii AveiYx, hv‡K dzjI (c v‡m›Uv) ejv n‡q _v‡K, Avcbvi w`‡K ‡mB dz‡ji †h i³bvwj, wb‡KvwUb Zv msKywPZ K‡i †d‡j| Gi A_© n‡”Q, wkïi Kv‡Q Aw·‡Rb wM‡q †cŠuQv‡”Q Kg Kvh©Kwifv‡e|

Gi cwiYvg n‡”Q GB †h, wkï fv‡jvfv‡e †e‡o DV‡Z cv‡i bv Ges R‡b¥i mgq nq‡Zv ev Zvi IRb Kg _vK‡Z cv‡i| R‡b¥i mgq wkïi IRb Kg _vKvi Kvi‡Y cÖme †e`bvi mgq I Gi cieZ©x‡Z mgm¨v †`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i Ges Zzjbvg~jKfv‡e †ek mn‡RB Bb‡dKk‡b AvµvšÍ n‡Z cv‡i wkï| a~gcvb Avcbvi wkïi gw¯Í‡®‹i (†eªB‡bi) weKvk I mvaviY ¯^v¯’¨MZ w`K¸‡jv‡KI ¶wZMÖ¯Í K‡i _v‡K| ‡`Lv †M‡Q, ˆkk‡ei cy‡ivUv mgq Ges Gi ciI GB ¶wZi cÖfve †_‡K hvq| GB cÖgvYI i‡q‡Q †h, Mf©eZx gwnjv wb‡R a~gcvb Ki“b ev bv-B Ki“b, Zvi mw½ a~gcvb K‡i _vK‡j wkïi ¯^v‡¯’ï Ici Zv ¶wZKi cÖfve †i‡L _v‡K|

Acwb hw` a~gcvb eÜ K‡i †`b, Zvn‡j Avcbvi wkïi:

• Rb¥ Zvi gv cy‡ivcywi cÖ¯‘Z n‡q †bqvi Av‡M nIqvi m¤¢vebv Kg _v‡K

• k ¦vmRwbZ mgm¨v nIqvi m¤¢vebv Kg _v‡K

• Bb‡dKkb †VKv‡bvi ¶gZv Zzjbvg~jKfv‡e †ewk _v‡K

• K‡U (beRvZ‡Ki †QvU weQvbv) g„Zÿ eiY, Bb‡dKkb Ges GRgvi g‡Zv `xN ©¯’vwq Amy¯’Zvq AvµvšÍ nIqvi Su ywK Kg _v‡K|

Avcwb ev Avcbvi mw½ hw` a~gcvb eÜ K‡i †`b, Zvn‡j GB me¸‡jv SuywK Avcbviv Kwg‡q Avb‡eb| a~gcvbgy³ cwi‡e‡k beRvZK I wkï mšÍv‡biv my¯^v¯’¨Ki wb‡q †e‡o DV‡Z m¶g n‡e|

7

Mf©ve¯’vq kvixwiK mejZv I ¯^v¯’¨

Av

a~gcvb eÜ Ki“b! Mf©ve¯’vi †h †Kvb mgq a~gcvb ‡Q‡o †`qvi DcKvwiZv i‡q‡QÑ hZ ZvovZvwo Qvov hvq, ZZB fv‡jv| G e¨vcv‡i wb‡R‡K mvnvh¨ Ki“b Gfv‡e:

• Avcbvi mw½ ev GKRb eÜ zi mv‡_ GK‡hv‡M a~gcvb †Q‡o w`b

• a~gcvb †Q‡o †`qvq †h A_© ‡e u‡P hv‡”Q, Zv mwi‡q ivL yb Ges fv‡jv Lvbvwcbvi Kv‡R Zv e¨q Ki“b|

• a~gcv‡bi mgq GKB mv‡_ Kiv hvq bv Ggb †Kvb KvR Ki‡Z ïi“ Ki“b- †hgb †mjvB‡qi KvR, nv‡Z ‡Kvb wKQy †evbvi KvR ev Avi †Kvb iK‡gi nv‡Zi KvR|

wkïi Rb¥ MÖn‡Yi ci Avcbvi a~gcvb eÜ ivLv ¸i“Z¡c~Y©|

g` (Gj‡Kvnj) Mf©ve¯’vq A‡bK gwnjv Gj‡Kvn‡ji ¯^v` cQ›` K‡ib bv, ZvB Zviv g` cvb eÜ K‡i †`b| Avcwb hw` eÜ bv K‡ib, Zvn‡j Gj‡Kvnj Avcbvi wkïi kix‡i †c Šu‡Q hvq| Z‡e gv‡S-g‡a¨ Kg gvÎvq Gj‡Kvnj cvb, †hgb, mßv‡n GKevi ev `yevi GK ev `yB BDwbU cvb Ki‡j †Zgb ¶wZ nIqvi m¤¢vebv †bB| ‡ewk gv Îvq cvb Ki‡j Mf©cv‡Zi (wgmK¨v‡iR) GKUv Avk¼v †_‡K hvq, KL‡bv KL‡bv G Kvi‡Y Avcbvi wkïi weKv‡k ¸i“Zi ¶wZ n‡Z cv‡i, †hgb Zvi †dUvj Gj‡Kvnj wmb‡Wªvg (A_©v r, Mf©¯’ wkïi Gj‡Kvnj †Kw›`ªK GKwU A¯^vfvweK Ae¯’vi wb‡`©kK j¶Ymgwó) †`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i|

SuywK Kgv‡bv

ÕGfv‡eB a~gcvb †Q‡o w`‡qwQjvg Avwg| Af¨v‡mi Ici g‡bi †Rvi‡K ¯’vb †`qvi e¨vcvi GUv| `ywU †g‡q wQ‡jv Avgvi Ges Ab¨vb¨ Kv‡Ri R‡b¨ Avgvi cÖ‡qvRb wQ‡jv bM` A‡_©i| Zviv a~gcvb K‡i bv Ges AvwgI Kwi bvÕ| ‡¯§vKjvB‡bi mnvqZvcÖvß mv‡eK a~gcvwq

gv`K (WªvM)

A‰ea ev iv¯Ívq wKb‡Z cvIqv hvq, Ggb †h †Kvb gv`K (WªvM) Avcbv‡K ev Avcbvi weKvkgvb wkï‡K ¶wZMÖ¯Í Ki‡Z cv‡i| Avcbv‡K †Kvb Ilya †cÖmµvBe Kiv n‡j me mg‡q Avcbvi Wv³vi‡K Rvwb‡q ivLyb †h, Avcwb Mf©eZx| ‡Kwg÷ †_‡K Ilya wKb‡Z †M‡j dvg©vwm‡÷i KvQ †_‡K †R‡b wbb, Mf©ve¯’vq IB Ilya LvIqv ev cÖ‡qvM Kiv wVK Av‡Q wKbv| Avcwb wb‡RI Ily‡ai †j‡fj c‡o †`L‡eb|

• GUv Rvbv †h, †Kv‡KBb, µ¨vK, †n‡ivBb, GgwdUvwgbm I K¨vbvwem cÖZ¨¶ I c‡iv¶ fv‡e Avcbvi wkïi ¶wZ Ki‡Z cv‡i| µ¨vK I †Kv‡KBb we‡kl fv‡e wec`RbK, KviY, wkïi i³ mieiv‡ni Ici G¸‡jv ¶wZKi cÖfve †i‡L _v‡K Zvr¶wYKfv‡e|

Wªv‡Mi Ici wbf©ikxj gv‡qi wkï wb‡RI Rb¥ wb‡q _v‡K WªvM-wbf©ikxjZv wb‡q Ges R‡b¥i mgq DB_Wªqvj wm¤úU‡g fy‡M _v‡K (A_©vr, gv`K-ewÂZ _vKvi Kvi‡Y kvixwiK I gvbwmK cÖwZwµqv mn Zvi Rb¥ nq)|

• †h ‡Kvb ai‡Yi WªvM eënvi eÜ Ki‡Z

Avcwb hw` m¶g bv nb, Zvn‡j Zv eÜ Kivi e¨vcv‡i Avcwb mvnvh¨ Pvb| ‡Kvb †Kvb †gUviwbwU BDwb‡U †¯úkvwj÷ GwWKkb BDwbU (gv`K Avm³‡ì R‡b¨ we‡klÁ BDwbU) i‡q‡Q| Mf©ve¯’vq WªvM eënvi ‡Q‡o †`qvi e¨vcv‡i Avcbvi nq‡Zv cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i evowZ Drmvn cvIqvi| Avcbvi wgWIqvBd, †nj_ wfwRUi ev Gw›UbvUvj (Rb¥ c~e©eZ©x) wK¬wbK G e¨vcv‡i mnvqZv cÖ`vbKvwi mvwf©m¸‡jvi (mv‡cvU© mvwf©‡mm) mv‡_ Avcbv‡K mshy³ K‡i w`‡Z cv‡i, A_ev Avcbvi cvwievwiK Wv³v‡ii mv‡_ G wb‡q K_v ejyb|

AviI †ewk mvnv‡hï e¨vcv‡i GB eB‡qi †cQ‡bi Ask †`Lyb (c„ôv 151)|

8

1 BDwbU=

Bsj¨vÛ I I‡qj‡mi †ewki fvM GjvKv‡ZB G¸‡jv 25 wgwjwjUvi cwigv‡ci n‡q _v‡K| †Kv_vI †Kv_vI cvbkvjvi (cve) cwigvc n‡q _v‡K Gi †_‡K †ewk| DËi Avqvij¨v‡Û cv‡ei cwigvc n‡”Q 35 GgI-ev †ò (35mo – or 1 ½ ) BDwbU | ¯‹Uj¨v‡Û GB cwigvc n‡Z cv‡i nq 35

wgwjwjUvi bq‡Zv 25 wgwjwjUvi| †Lqvj ivL‡ebÑ N‡i e‡m g` cv‡bi mgq cwigv‡ci Gme gvb`‡Ûi †P‡q cwigvcwU mvaviYZ †ewkB n‡q _v‡K!

Avav cvB›U mvvaviY gv‡bi weqvi, nvjKv gv‡bi weqvi ev Av‡cj †_‡K cÖ¯‘Z Gj‡Kvnj

(mvBWvi)

wewfbœ Zij gv`‡Ki (ûBw¯‹,wRb evKvwW©,

†fv`Kv BZ¨vw`) GKK cwigvc

g‡ì (IqvBb) GKwU †QvU Mvm

†kwii (g‡ì) GKwU †QvU M vm

fvigvD_ ev G‡cwiwUd g‡ì GKwU cwigvc

ev ev ev ev

cÖ‡kœi Reve

cÖt Avgvi wkïi ¶wZ Ki‡Z cv‡i, Ggb mewKQy Avwg wK K‡i Gwo‡q Pj‡Z cvwi? hvbevn‡bi †avuqv, `~lY, †ZRw¯Œqv (†iwW‡qkb)Ñme©Î G¸‡jv i‡q‡Q| m¤ú~Y© fv‡e wbivc` nIqv wK m¤¢e?

Dt ¶wZKi mewKQy Avcwb Gwo‡q Pj‡Z m¶g n‡eb bv, Z‡e G e¨vcv‡i hZUzKz Avcbvi c‡¶ Kiv m¤ ¢e, ZZUzKz KivUv ¸i“Z¡c~Y©| D`vniY ¯îƒc, a~gcvb †_‡K Avcbvi wkïi †h SuywK i‡q‡Q, Zv ïay gy‡Li K_v (w_Iwi) gvÎ bq| h_v_© M‡elYvi ga¨ w`‡q GB SuywK _vKvi welqwU Zz‡j aiv n‡q‡Q| Avcbvi Rxe‡bi †hme welq Avcwb wbqš¿Y Ki‡Z ev Gwo‡q Pj‡Z m¶g bb , †m¸‡jv wb‡q Lye `ywðšÍv K‡i †Zgb dj cvIqv hvq bv| GUv g‡b ivLvi ¸i“Z¡ i‡q‡Q †h, weivU msL¨K wkï G iKg cwiw¯’wZ‡ZB k³-mg_© I ¯^v¯’ëvb n‡q Rb¥ wb‡”Q|

ÕcÖvq `k eQi a‡i Avgiv `yR‡bB wQjvg a~gcvwq Ges Avwg Gi Av‡M KL‡bvB K‡qK mßv‡ni †ewk a~gcvb Kiv eÜ ivL‡Z cvwiwb| GB evi Avwg Aek¨ g‡b Kwi †h, a~gcvb †Q‡o w`‡q Avwg _vK‡Z cvi‡ev| Joe (†Rv) GLb N‡i a~gcvb eÜ K‡i w`‡q‡Q, Avkv Kwi, wkMMxiB †m cy‡ivcywiB †Q‡o †`‡e... GUv †ek KwVb, wKš‘ †Póv KivUv Lye Ri“ix|Õ

¯^v¯’¨Ki cQ›`

cÖt ‡flR Ilya ev †nvwgIc¨vw_K cÖwZKv‡ii welq m¤ú‡K© e³e¨ wK? Ges G‡ivgv‡_ivwc (MvQ-MvQovi †Z‡ji eënvi) wK wbivc`?

Dt Mf©ve¯’vq †nvwgIc¨vw_K cÖwZKv‡ii welqwU‡K mvaviYfv‡e LyeB wbivc` e‡j g‡b Kiv n‡q _v‡K, wKš‘ whwb Zv †cÖmµvBe K‡i‡Qb, Zvi mv‡_ ev dvg©vwm‡÷i mv‡_ K_v e‡j welqwU ey‡S wbb| wKQy wKQy †flR Ilya (nve©vj †gwWwmb) I wKQy wKQy MvQ -MvQovi †Zj (G‡ivgv‡_ivwc) Mf©eZx gwnjv‡ì eënv‡ii R‡b¨ Dchy³ bq| G me mvgMÖx eënv‡i Avcwb hw` B”QyK n‡q _v‡Kb, Zvn‡j h‡_vchy³ GKRb wPwKrmvRxexi (cÖ¨vKwUkbv‡ii) KvQ †_‡K Av‡M civgk© MÖnY Ki“b| Mf©ve¯’vq †QvULv‡Uv Amyweavi †¶‡Î wK wK welq Gwo‡q Pj‡Z n‡e, †m e¨vcv‡i cÖ‡qvRbxq wKQy eB i‡q‡Q|

a~gcvb †Q‡o w ‡q Avcbvi mw½ Avcwb I Avcbvi wkï‡K ^v ’ evb _vKvi e vcv‡i mnvqZv Ki‡Z cv‡ib| G¶ywY GUv m¤¢e bv n‡jI AšÍZ N‡ii evB‡i wM‡q a~gcvb Kiv w ‡q ‡Póv ïi“ Ki“b| a~gcvb, Gj‡Kvnj I Wªv‡Mi e¨vcv‡i AviI civg‡k©i R‡b¨ Avcbvi wgWIqvBd, wRwc ev †nj_ wfwRU‡ii mv‡_ †`Lv Ki“b| Avcwb hw` a~gcvb †Q‡o w`‡Z Pvb, Zvn‡j †hvMv‡hvM Ki“b:

‡ §vKjvBb-Gi mv‡_ GB bv¤v‡i 0800 84 84 84 Avvcbvi I Avcbvi mw½i R‡b¨ webvg~‡j¨ Z_¨ I mn‡hvwMZv ‡c‡Z|

Mf©ve ’vq m¤¢e n‡j G·-‡i Kiv‡bv cwinvi Ki“b| `vu‡Zi (†W›Uvj) G·-‡iI Gi

AšÍf©y³|

9

Avcbvi kix‡i cwieZ©b NU‡Q KL‡bv KL‡bv Avcwb K¬vwšÍ, `ye©jZv I A¯^w¯Í †eva Ki‡Z cv‡ib| Ab¨ mgq Aek¨ Avcbvi g‡b n‡e, †jvKRb Mf©ve¯’v Õdz‡U IVvÕ m¤ú‡K© ejvewj Kivi mgq Avm‡j wK †evSv‡Z Pvq, Zvi A_© Avcwb wVKg‡ZvB ai‡Z cv‡ib|

• Mf©ve¯’vi ni‡gvb (AšÍ:mªvwe MÖwš’ †_‡K †ei“‡bv wewfbœ ai‡Yi im, hv i‡³i mv‡_ wg‡k †`‡ni A½-cÖZ¨½mg~n‡K DÏxwcZ K‡i) Avcbvi Pvgov I Pz‡ji cwieZ©b NUv‡Z cv‡i| ˆZjv³ Pvgov n‡Z cv‡i AviI †ewk ˆZjv³ Ges LmL‡m Pvgov n‡q †h‡Z cv‡i AviI LmL‡m, †m Kvi‡Y Pvgovi hZœ †bqvi i“wUb I Pz‡ji h‡Zœi e¨vcviwUiI cwieZ©b n‡Z cv‡i|

• PZz_© ev cÂg gvm †_‡K ni‡gvb Avcbvi Pvgovi i‡Oi Ici cÖfve †dj‡Z ïi“ K‡i| Avcbvi iO Kv‡jv n‡j IB cwieZ©b †ewk K‡i Avcwb j¶¨ Ki‡eb| Avcbvi Pvgov hw` L ye †ewk dm©v n‡q _v‡K Avi Pzj hw` nq jvj i‡Oi, Zvn‡j cwieZ©b †Zgb nq‡Zv Avcwb †`L‡Z cv‡eb bv| Avcbvi ¯Íbe„šÍ Av‡Mi Zzjbvq †ewk Kv‡jv n‡e Ges ¯Íbe„‡šÍi Pvicv‡ki RvqMvwU cÖmvwiZ (eo) n‡q hv‡e|

Avcbvi eyK I Zj‡c‡Ui gvSvgvwSi wb‡Pi w`‡K GKwU Kv‡jv ‡iLv †`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i| Avcbvi gy‡L †`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i bvbv i‡Oi `vM| mvb‡eW (kix‡ii Pvgov †iv‡ì DËv‡c mivmwifv‡e bv cywo‡q c‡iv¶fv‡e †cvov‡bvi Kv‡R eënvh© †iv`-evwZhy³ (mvb j¨v¤ú) KvDP) eënvi Kivi civgk© KL‡bvB †`qvi g‡Zv bq, wKš‘ Mf©ve¯’vq mvb‡eW eënvi Ki‡j wewfbœ i‡Oi IB `vM¸‡jv AviI Lviv‡ci w`‡K †h‡Z cv‡i| evB‡i †iv‡` _vKvKv‡j Avcbvi Pvgov ‡Kvb wKQy w`‡q †X‡K ivLvi e¨vcv‡i mZK© _vKzb|

• Zj‡cU, Íb I Di“i Pvgov Uvb Uvb n‡Z _vKvi Kvi‡Y IB me ’v‡b jvj‡P i‡Oi †WvivKvUv vM † Lv † q| Pvgovi wb‡Pi wUm y ‡j †Z Uvb co‡Z _vKvi Kvi‡Y G iKg vM c‡o _v‡K| Mf©ve ’vi ci GB vM ‡jvi iO ax‡i ax‡i iƒcvwj-QvB

i‡O e ‡j wM‡q Svcmv n‡q Av‡m| Pvgovi m¤cÖmvwiZ nIqvi ¶gZv (Bjvw÷wmwU) †gvUvgywUfv‡e eskvbyµwgK| wµg I †jvkb eënv‡i Lye †ewk dj † ‡e bv, Z‡e Gme eënvi Avivg vqK e‡j g‡b n‡e| G ‡jvi g‡qðvivBwRs G‡d± (Pvgovq m„ó mvgvb †fRv †fRv fve) Avcbvi Pvgovi DcwifvM‡K PzjKv‡bv ev ïwK‡q hvIqv †_‡K gy³ iv‡L|

Avcbvi cv‡qi hZœ wbb| wbPz wnj ev P¨vÞv (d¬¨vU) mÿ c‡i Avcwb nq‡Zv me‡P‡q †ewk Avivg †eva K‡i _v‡Kb| Avcbvi wc‡V hw` †Kvb e¨_v †_‡K _v‡K, Zvn‡j D uPz wnj (nvB wnj) IB e¨_v AviI evwo‡q w`‡Z cv‡i| Avcbvi cv‡qi cvZv Nvg‡Z cv‡i, KviY, Avcbvi kix‡i Av‡Mi Zzjbvq Zij c`v_© †ewk Rg‡Q| G Kvi‡Y Avcbvi GKUz eo RyZv civi ìKvi n‡Z cv‡i ev ìKvi n‡Z cv‡i wbqwgZ ‡h gv‡ci RyZv Avcwb c‡i _v‡ Kb, Zvi †P‡q AviI Avavv mvBR eo RyZv| Avcbvi cv‡qi †Mvovwj dz‡j DV‡Z cv‡i, _vK‡Z cv‡i wKQy e¨_vI| Mf©ve¯’vq kix‡i wKQy Zij c`v_© R‡g hvIqv ¯^vfvweK, Z‡e nVvr K‡i hw` Zvi e„w× N‡U, Zvn‡j Avcbvi wgWIqvBd ev Wv³vi‡K Zv Avcbvi Rvbv‡bv DwPZ|

f v ‡ j v † e v a K i v f v ‡ j v † e v a K i v

Avcwb Mf©eZx _vKve¯’vq (Ges cÖm‡ei ci GK eQi ch©šÍ) b¨vkbvj †nj_ mvwf©m (GbGBPGm) `vu‡Zi wPwKrmv, †cÖmwµckb I cv‡qi wPwKrmv wd «| Z‡e GB myweav ‡c‡Z n‡j Avcbvi †nj_ †evW© KZ© „K Bmÿ Kiv mvwU©wd‡KU Avcbv‡K †`Lv‡Z n‡e| G e¨vcv‡i Avcbvi wgWIqvBd ev cvwievwiK Wv³v‡ii mv‡_ K_v ejyb|

10

Mf©ve¯’vq e¨qvg mwµq I mej _vKvi j‡¶¨ e¨vqvg Kivi d‡j Avcwb fv‡jv †eva Ki‡Z _vK‡eb, G‡Z K‡i wkïi R‡b¥i mgq Avcbvi kvixwiK Ae¯’v _vK‡e fv‡jv| e¨vqv‡gi Kvi‡Y Avcbvi ü`h‡š ¿i wµqv AviI †Rvi`vi n‡e Ges †Rvi`vi n‡e Avcbvi i³ mÂvj‡bi KvRwUI| Gm‡ei d‡j Mf©ve¯’vq †`Lv †`qv mvaviY mgm¨v¸‡jvi mgvav‡b mnvqZv nq, mvaviY GB mgm¨v¸‡jvi g‡a¨ †hgb i‡q‡Q, †Kvô¨KvwVb¨ (KÝwU‡ckb-A_©vr, Uq‡jU wK¬qvi bv nIqv). wkiv `jv †e u‡a hvIqv (†fwi‡KvR †fBb), ev kix‡ii wewfbœ ¯’vb dz‡j hvIqv (IwWgv)| Avcbvi wc‡V e¨_v n‡q _vK‡j e¨vqvg K‡i Ges Avcbvi emv, `v uov‡bv I nv uUv-Pjvi w`‡K wKQyUv g‡bv‡hvM †i‡L Pj‡j IB e¨_v Kgv‡Z Zv †ek mvnvh¨ Ki‡e|

Mf©ve ’vi †h †Kvb ch©v‡q nv uUv, mvuZvi KvUv, †Kvb †Kvb ai‡Yi †hvM e vqvg , kixi UvbUvb Kiv, BZ¨vw Kiv hvq| Z‡e Ggb ‡Kvb †Ljva~jv ev e vqvg bv KivB fv‡jv, †hwU Ki‡Z wM‡q c‡o hvIqvi SuywK _v‡K ev Ab¨ †L‡jvqvo‡ì mv‡_ Lye †Rv‡i kvixwiK msNl© NUvi SuywK _v‡K| Avcbvi wkï hw` †Kvb e¨vqv‡gi Kvi‡Y Avcbvi †cjwfK †d¬v‡i (‡gi“`‡Ûi wb‡Pi Ask I wbZ‡¤î g‡a¨ nv‡oi KvVv‡gvi gaëZ©x M‡Z©i g‡Zv RvqMvq) SvuKzwbi wkKvi nq, Zvn‡j †mB e¨vqvgwU, `xN © †gqv‡` †mLvbKvi †cwk¸‡jv ¶wZMÖ¯Í K‡i †dj‡ZI cv‡i|

mvuZvi Avcbvi Mf©avi‡Yi Av‡M Avcwb hw` †Zgb †ewk e¨vqvg bv -I K‡i _v‡Kb,Avcwb †`L‡eb, mv uZvi KvUv mnR| cvwb Avcbvi cy‡i v kixi‡K fvwm‡q †i‡L mvnvh¨ K‡i, ZvB †m mgq AvNvZ jvMvi †Kvb Su ywK cÖvq _v‡KB bv, Avcwb cy‡iv kixi Uvb Uvb Kivi my‡hvMI jvf K‡ib|

• A‡bK mv uZvi KvUvi ¯’v‡b (cy‡j) Õ aquanatal Õ (GKzqvbvUvj) welqK K¬vk n‡q _v‡K| †mLv‡b Avcwb Mf©ve¯’vq we‡klfv‡e DcKvwi kix‡ii bovPov (gyf‡g›U) I e¨qvg †kLvi my‡hvM cv‡eb| GB K¬vk¸‡jv n‡Z n‡e we‡klfv‡e cÖwkw¶Z GKRb wgWIqvBd Øviv A_ev GKRb wgWIqvB‡di Dcw¯’wZ‡Z GMy‡jv cwiPvwjZ n‡Z n‡e avwÎ-we`¨v wfwËK wewfbœ ai‡Yi kvixwiK e¨vqv‡gi GKRb wPwKrmK obstetric physiotherapist (Aem‡UwUªK wdwRI‡_ivwc÷) Øviv|

• e¨vqv‡g Avcbvi AvZ¥¯’ nIqvi myweav‡_© ‡h †Kvb K¬v‡k kvixwiK A½ -cÖZ¨½ Uvb Uvb Kivi R‡b¨ mvaviY ai‡Yi wKQy my‡hvM Avcbv‡K †`qv Ri“ix| Gici kix‡ii Pvicv‡ki A½ -cÖZ¨½ bov‡bv Ges Gici nq‡Zv ev mv uZvi KvUvi my‡hvMI Avcbv‡K †`qv cÖ‡qvRb|

cÖ‡kœi Reve

cÖt Avwg mßv‡n `yB ev wZbevi Givwe· (‡ewk gvÎvq Aw·‡Rb jv‡f mnvqK Q‡›`vgq kvixwiK e¨vqvg) K‡i _vwK| Mf©eZx _vKv‡j GUv Kiv wK wbivc`?

Dt Avcwb hw` G‡ivwe‡· BwZg‡a¨ Af¨¯Í n‡q c‡ob, Zvn‡j Zv Ae¨vnZ

ivLyb| Avcwb †h Mf©eZx, Zv Avcbvi cÖwk¶K‡K (BÝUªv±i) Rvwb‡q ivL‡eb| Avcbvi wc‡Vi Ici Pvc covi SuywK _v‡K, Ggb †h †Kvb e¨vqvg Kiv ev` w`b| gvm cvu‡PK c‡i kixi Uvb Uvb Kivi (†÷ ªwPs) I kvixwiK ` „pZvi (†Uvwbs‡qi) Ici †Rvi w`b, †` Šov‡bv (RwMs) ev jvdSvuc (Rvw¤ús) Kiv ev` ivLyb|

‡Kvb e¨vqvg Kivi mgq Avcbvi wkï Avcbvi †cjwfK †d¬v‡i SuvKzwb Lv‡”Q wKbv, †m wel‡q †Lqvj ivLvi K_v g‡b ivL yb| †Kvb e¨vqvg e‡m Kivi mgq Zj‡c‡Ui Ici Pvc ‡d‡j _vK‡j ‡m ai‡Yi †Kvb e¨vqvg Ki‡eb bv| mwZ¨ mwZ¨B Avcwb K¬vwšÍ ‡eva Kivi Av‡MB e¨vqvg Kiv eÜ K‡i †`‡eb| G ai‡Yi e¨vqvg ïi“ Kivi R‡b¨ GUv KviI R‡b¨B Dchy³ mgq bq|

11

†hvM evqvg Mf©ve¯’vq ‡hvM e¨vqvg mva viYZ wbivc` I mnvqK cÖK…wZi e¨vqvg| GB e¨vqv‡gi Avmb¸‡jv g„`y gvÎvq kixi Uvb Uvb K‡i, Ges GB e¨qv‡gi mgq †hfv‡e k ¦vm-cÖk ¦vm MÖnY I Z¨vM Ki‡Z nq, ‡mB cÖwµqv wU Avi kixi-gb wkw_j K‡i †Q‡o ivLvi (wijv‡·kb) Ici ‡h iKg ¸i“Z¡ Av‡ivvc Kiv nq, Zv kvšÍ I w¯’i cwi‡ek m„wó‡Z Drmvn w`‡q _v‡K| • Avcwb hw` ‡hvM e¨vqv‡gi †Kvb K¬v‡k Ask

MÖnY K‡ib, Zvn‡j Avcwb †h Mf©eZx, Zv Avcbvi wk¶K‡K Rvwb‡q ivL yb| Avcwb hw` †hvM e¨vqvg Kiv ïi“ Ki‡Z B”QyK nb, Zvn‡j wb‡R wb‡R †mB †Póv Kivi e`‡j GKRb wk¶K Lu y‡R †bqv me‡P‡q fv‡jv| †jvKvj A_wiwU GWvë GWy‡Kkb (¯’vbxq KZ©„c‡¶i eq®‹ wk¶v welqK) K¬vk¸‡jv‡Z †hvM e¨vqv‡gi weqwU mvaviYZ AšÍf©y³ _v‡K|

• ‡hvM e¨vqv‡gi wKQy L ye AMÖmi (GWfvÝW)

Avmb i‡q‡Q, †h me Avmb Abyhvwq e¨vqvg Avcwb Mf©ve¯’vq Ki‡Z m¶g n‡eb bv| †m¸‡jv Kivi †Póv Avcbvi Kiv DwPZI n‡e bv| Ab¨ †h †Kvb ai‡Yi e¨vqv‡gi g‡ZvB †hvM e¨vqv‡gi mg‡qI Avcwb hw` Pvc Abyfe Ki‡Z ïi“ K‡ib, Zvn‡j e¨vqg Kiv eÜ K‡i †`‡eb|

bgbxq _vKzb! cÖme †e`bv I R‡b¥i mgq Avcbvi wkï †hb ‡ei n‡q †h‡Z cv‡i, †mR‡b¨ Avcbvi †cjwfm (‡gi“`‡Ûi wb‡Pi Ask I wbZ‡¤î ga¨Kvi nv‡oi KvVv‡gv) ÕL y‡j hvIqviÕ cÖ‡qvRb co‡e| GUv †hb m¤¢e n‡Z cv‡i, †mR‡b¨ Avcbvi †cjwf‡mi wjMv‡g›U¸‡jv (nvo¸‡jv‡K mshy³ iv‡L †h wUmÿmg~n) big n‡q Av‡m Ges G‡m DcbxZ nq AviI cÖmvwiZ nIqvi ch©v‡q| wijvw·bmn ni‡gvb¸‡jv G e¨vcv‡i mnvqK n‡q _v‡K|

wjMv‡g›U n‡”Q k³, Bjvw÷‡Ki g‡Zv GK¸”Q wUmÿ, †h¸‡jv Avcbvi kix‡i nv‡oi †h KvVv‡gv i‡q‡Q, †m¸‡jvi †Rvov¸‡jv‡K (R‡q›U) mshy³ K‡i iv‡L| Mf©ve¯’vq Avcbvi wjMv‡g›U †h‡nZz big n‡q Av‡m, †m Kvi‡Y G¸‡jv A‡bK †ewk cÖmvwiZ n‡Z cviv (†÷ªPW) mnR, GB cÖmvwiZ n‡Z cvivi Kvi‡Y Pvc m„wó n‡Z cv‡i †Kvb GKwU wjMv‡g‡›Ui Ici| we‡kl K‡i, Avcwb hw` e¨vqv‡g Af¨¯Í bv n‡q _v‡Kb, Zvn‡j GiKg N‡U _vK‡Z cv‡i| wjMv‡g‡›Ui Ici Uvb hw` †ewk n‡q _v‡K, Zvn‡j Avcwb e¨_v †eva Ki‡Z _vK‡eb| GB e¨_v Abyf‡ei ga¨ w`‡q Avcbvi kixi Avcbv‡K ‡_‡g †h‡Z ej‡Q|

‡mvRv n‡q vuovb! Õ†mvRv n‡q `vuov‡bv '†kLvi gva¨‡g Avcwb

Avcbvi wc‡V kw³ †hvMv‡Z I wc‡Vi e¨_v †_‡K

†e u‡P _vK‡Z m¶g n‡eb| cv‡qi cvZv dvuK K‡i

`vuovb Ges Avcbvi kix‡ii IRb †Q‡o w`b

Avcbvi cv‡qi cvZvi Ici| g‡b g‡b Kíbv

Ki‡Z _vKzb †h, Avcbvi gv_vi Ici †_‡K

GKwU m~Zv Avcbv‡K N‡ii Qv‡ì w`‡K †U‡b

wb‡”Q| Abyfe Ki‡Z _vKzb †h, Avcbvi ‡gi“`Ê

j¤^v n‡”Q|

• `v uov‡Z †M‡j GB e¨vcvi¸‡jv Avcwb g‡b ivL‡eb| d‡j nVvr K‡i Avcbv‡K c‡o †h‡Z n‡e bv ev fv uR n‡e bv Avcbvi †cU|

• xN© mgq a‡i GKUvbv e‡m _vKv Gwo‡q Pjyb| emvi mgq †QvU GKwU Kzkb u‡R w ‡q ivLyb Avcbvi wcV I wbZ‡¤i gaëZ©x †QvU AskUzKz‡Z, hv‡Z Avcbvi †mvRv n‡q Ges Avivg vqK fv‡e emvi e vcv‡i mvnvh¨ nq|

e¨vqvg

12


‡e‡Q †bqvi g‡Zv Lv`¨, ev` †`qvi g‡Zv Lv`¨ Avcbvi Rxe‡bi Ab¨ me mg‡qI fv‡jv Lvevi LvIqvi †h ¸i“Z¡ i‡q‡Q, Mf©ve¯’vqI ‡m iK‡gB fv‡jv Lvevi LvIqvi ¸i“Z¡ †Kvb As‡kB Kg bq| Avcwb hw` me mg‡qB fv‡jv Lvevi †L‡q _v‡Kb, Zvn‡j Mf©ve¯’vq Lvev‡ii e¨vcv‡i Avcbv‡K eo iK‡gi †Kvb cwieZ©b Avb‡Z n‡e bv| Lvevi R‡b¨ †hme Lv`¨ Avcwb †e‡Q †b‡eb Ges Lvevi Av‡M †h c×wZ‡Z G¸‡jv Avcwb cÖ¯‘Z Ki‡eb Lvevi R‡b¨, †mB m‡ei g‡a¨ ¸i“Z¡c~Y© K‡qKwU cÖ‡qvRbxq e¨vcv‡iB †KejgvÎ Avcbv‡K †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e| wbivwgl (†fwRUvwiqvb) I gvsm-wenxb (†fRvb) Lvevi m¤ú‡K© AviI Z‡_ï R‡b¨ †`L yb c„ 16)| †e‡Q †bqvi g‡Zv Lv`¨ ¯v ’¨Ki Lvev‡ii A_© GB bq †h, †L‡Z fv‡jv jv‡M bv, ‡Zgb me LveviB Avcbv‡K †L‡Z n‡e| wb‡Pi Lv MÖ“c ‡jvi cÖ‡Z¨KwU †_‡K LvIqvi R‡b †Póv ivLyb: • . †eªW, wmwiqvj, fvZ, cv¯Ív,

AvjyÑcÖwZ‡ejv Lvev‡ii cÖavb Ask G¸‡jv nIqv DwPZ| wm× Pvj (eªvDb ivBm) ev AvUv w`‡q ˆZix (†nvjwgj) †eª‡Wi g‡Zv m¤ú~Y©fv‡e km¨KYv w`‡q ˆZix Lvev‡i (‡nvj‡MÖBb wmwiqvj dz‡W) A‡bK †ewk Av uk (dvBevi) Av‡Q| G¸‡jv c~Y©v½ Lv`¨ ˆZix K‡i _v‡K|

• djg~j I kvKmwâÑ cÖwZw`b cv uP Ask

ev Zvi †ewk dj I kvKmwâ Lvevi R‡b¨ †Póv ivL yb| ZvRv, †d «v‡Rb (wd «‡R Rwg‡q ivLv), wUbRvZ Ges ïK‡bv-†h †Kvb ai‡Yi djg~j ev kvK-mwâ Ges d‡ji Lv uwU Rym †L‡Z cv‡ib

• gvsm, gvQ I weKímg~n (G¸‡jv †cÖvwUb

I Avqib mieivn K‡i _v‡K)Ñ GB MÖ“c †_‡K wKQy Lv`¨ ˆ`wbK `yevi Lvb|

Gi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q gvsm, gyiMx, gvQ (wUbRvZ gvQmn), wWg, ev`vg (GB c„ôvi Ic‡i †`qv ¸i“Z¡c~Y© †bvU †`L yb), gUiï uwU (web), Wvj|

• `ya I `yaRvZ Lv`¨ (G¸‡jv

K¨vjwmqvg mieiv‡ni ¸i“Z¡c~Y© Dr†mi eë¯’v K‡i _v‡K)ÑÑcÖwZ w`b GK cvB›U `ya cv‡bi †Póv Ki“b, A_ev GK cvB‡›Ui 3 fv‡Mi 1 fvM `ya Avi GK AvDÝ cbxi (GKwU g¨vPe· mvB‡Ri) †L‡q wbb, cÖwZw`‡bi Lv`¨ ZvwjKvq AviI ivL yb `ya w`‡q evbv‡bv `B ev †Nvj (B‡qvMvU ©) A_ev `y‡ai ˆZix GK †evDj cywWs| ¯^í gvÎvi Pwe©h y³ `yaRvZ mvgMÖxi g‡a¨ c~Y © gvÎvi Pwe©hy³ Lv`¨-mvgMÖxi g‡ZvB GKB cwigv‡Yi K¨vjwmqvg i‡q‡Q|

• Pwe©hy³ I wPwbhy³ Lvev‡i GB MÖ“c †_‡K Lv`¨ MÖnY Kwg‡q ivLv nq|

13

Mf©ve¯’vq Lv`¨ MÖnY

ev` †`qvi g‡Zv Lv`¨

Mf©ve ’vi mgq †Kvb †Kvb Lv`¨ MÖn‡Y SuywK _v‡K| Gme

SuywK LyeB ¯ígvÎvi, ZvB Avcwb nq‡Zv ev ey‡S DV‡Z bv

cvivi Kvi‡YB, Su ywK c~Y© wKQy Lv`¨ hw` †L‡qI _v‡Kb,

Zvn‡jI †m Kvi‡Y Avcbvi ev Avcbvi wkïi ¶wZ nIqvi

m¤¢vebv _v‡K bv †Kvb fv‡eB| Z‡e cvi‡j G iKg wKQy bv

LvIqvB fv‡jv| wKQy wKQy Lvevi wj‡÷wiqv I mvj‡gv‡bjvi

g‡Zv e vK‡Uwiqvi Kvi‡Y ~wlZ n‡Z cv‡i| (wjm‡Uwiqv

e¨vK‡Uwiqv: gyiwM (wP‡Kb), big cbxi BZ¨vw i g‡Zv †Kvb

†Kvb Lv‡`¨ G ai‡Yi e¨vK‡Uwiqv cvIqv hvq, ivbœvi mgq hv

aesm bv n‡j kix‡ii g~j bvf© wm‡÷‡gi (mœvq~ Z‡š¿i) ¶wZ

Ki‡Z cv‡i, hvi d‡j †`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i †gwbbRvBwUm,

Gb‡mdvwjwU‡mi g‡Zv †ivM, Mf©cvZ NU‡Z cv‡i Ges

GgbwK G‡Kev‡i †QvU wkï ev eq®‹‡ì g„Z yI NU‡Z cv‡i|)

(mvj‡gv‡bjv: †jvnvi `‡Ûi g‡Zv eo GK ai‡Yi

e¨vK‡Uwiqv, G¸‡jvi A‡bKwUB Lv‡`¨ welwµqv m„wó nIqvi

R‡b¨ vwq|) ‡h me Lvevi ev` w`‡Z n‡e:

• unpasteurised (Avbc¨v÷vivBRW)Ggb `ya • big, my¯^v`y cbxi (†hgb, eªx, K¨v‡ggevU© I G

ai‡Yi bxj ¯Íi wewkó wewfbœ ai‡Yi cbxi)

• KwjRv I KwjRv †_‡K cÖ¯‘Z Ab¨vb¨ Lv`¨ mvgMÖx

(†`L yb c„ 15)

• pâtés (†cBUm)Ñme iK‡gi • Kv uPv I cy‡iv wm× bv Kiv wWg

(wW‡gi mv`v I njy` Ask k³ bv nIqv ch©šÍ

wm× Kiv)

• big ûBc †gwk‡b cÖ¯‘Z ‡dv‡gi g‡Zv

AvBmwµg (†bvU: AveiYx w`‡q †gvov‡bv ev

RgvU ev uav (e K) AvBmwµg wbivc`)

• wW‡gi Kzmyg, †fwR‡Uej †Zj I †jeyi im ev

wf‡bMvi w`‡q ˆZix VvÛv mm (g¨v‡qv‡bBR)

(N‡i ˆZix) • nv½i (kvK©), (gviwjb eo GK ai‡Yi mvgyw`ªK

gvQ) I Z‡jvqvi gvQ (†mvW©wdk)| Uzbv gvQ LvIqvi cwigvY mxwgZ ivL‡Z n‡e mßv‡n `ywU gvSvwi AvKv‡ii K¨v‡bi g‡a¨ ev ZvRv Uzbv n‡j cyi“ I PIov dvwj K‡i KvUv GKwU UzK‡ivi (†÷BK) g‡a¨| GB gvQ¸‡jv‡Z †h cwigvY cvi` (gvK©vwi) _v‡K, Zvi †cÖ¶vc‡U m„ó D‡Ø‡Mi Kvi‡YB GB wb‡lavÁv| †h me gwnjv wkï‡ì ey‡Ki `ya LvB‡q _v‡Kb ev Mf©avi‡Yi cwiKíbv hv‡ì i‡q‡Q, Zv‡ì R‡bÏ GB wb‡lavÁv cÖ‡hvR¨|

mvaviY ¯^v¯’¨wewa

• Lvevi-`vevi ¯ú‡k©i Av‡M I c‡i me mgq Avcbvi nvZ ay‡q wbb|

• Av‡M ˆZix mvjv`mn me dj I kvK-

mwâ Lvevi Av‡M ay‡q wbb| • KvuPv gvsm ¯úk© eivi ci nvZ ay‡q wbb| • ivbœv Kiv Lvevi †_‡K ~‡i

mwi‡q ivLyb KvuPv Lvevi| • evMv‡b KvR Kivi mgq ev gvwU ¯úk©

Kivi mgq †M vfm eënvi Ki“b Ges Gi ci nvZ ay‡q wbb fv‡jv K‡i|

cïi ms¯ú‡k© Avmv ‡Kvb †Kvb cï, wbw`©ófv‡e weovj I †fov, wj‡÷wiqv, PvjgvBwWqv, wcwmÆvwP ev U‡·vc vRgvmn kvixwiK MVb‡K AvµvšÍ Ki‡Z cv‡i, ¶wZKi Ggb AZ¨šÍ ¶z`ªvK…wZi (gvB‡µv AiMvwbRg) RxevYy enb K‡i _vK‡Z cv‡i|

• we‡kl K‡i Lvevi Av‡M Ges Lvevi cÖ¯‘Z Kivi Av‡M Avcbvi †cvlv Rš‘i Mv‡q nvZ eyjvevi ci me mg‡qB Avcbvi nvZ ay‡q wbb|

• Avcbvi ‡cvlv RšZy ‡jv‡K me mgq wK‡P‡bi evB‡i ivLvi †Póv Ki“b, Ges we‡kl K‡i Ggb †Kvb wKQyi Ici emv †_‡K I ‡jv‡K weiZ ivLyb, †hm‡ei Ici Avcwb Lvevi cÖ ‘Z K‡i _v‡Kb|

• Avcbvi †cvlv Rš‘i Lv`¨ ˆZixi R‡b¨ c„_K wWk I _vjv-evmb eënvi Ki“b Ges Avcbvi cwiev‡ii eënvh© evmb-‡Kvmb †_‡K Avjv`v K‡i wb‡q †m¸‡jv †avqv‡gvQv Ki“b|

• Avcbvi weov‡ji AveR©bv cvÎ (wjUvi †Uª) cwi®‹vi ivL yb| gjg~‡Îi cvÎ cwi®‹vi Kiv‡bvi Kv‡R Ab¨ KvD‡K jvMv‡bvi †Póv Ki“b| hw` †mUv Avcbv‡KB Ki‡Z nq, Zvn‡j me mgq ivevi M vfm eënvi Ki“b| c‡i Avcbvi nvZ I M vfm ay‡q wbb L ye fv‡jv fv‡e|

• Avcbvi weovj evMv‡bi gvwU‡Z gjg~Î Z¨vM K‡i _vK‡j, mveavbZv wn‡m‡e evMv‡b KvR Kivi mgq me mgq M vfm eënvi Ki“b|

m~Î: Avcwb hLb Mf©eZx (†nvqvBj BD Avi †cÖMb¨v›U), c„.7-8 wWcvU©‡g›U Ae †nj_, 1995

Avcwb ev Avcbvi Nwbô †Kvb cwiev‡ii †KD hw` ev`v‡gi GjvwR©‡Z ev A™¢~Z ai‡Yi Pg©‡iv‡M (G‡UvwcK GKwRgv), k ¦vm‡ivM (GRgv) ev a~jv-evwj I dz‡ji †iYyi Kvi‡Y bvK I Mjvi †iv‡Mi (†n wdfvi) g‡Zv †Kvb GjvwR©K †iv‡M †fv‡Mb, Zvn‡j Mf©ve¯’vq ev ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bvi mgq ev`vg ev ev`vghy³ †Kvb Lvevi bv LvIqvi R‡b¨ Avcbv‡K civgk© †`qv hv‡”Q|

14

dwjK GwmW dwjK GwmW n‡”Q ¸i“Z¡c~Y© we wfUvwgb¸‡jvi g‡a¨ GKwU| A‡bK Lvev‡ii g‡a¨B mvaviY fv‡e GUv †_‡K _v‡K| ‰Zix Kiv wKQy Lvev‡ii g‡a¨ †hvM K‡i †`qv nq GwU| kix‡ii me †Kv‡li (†m‡ji) weKvk NUv I mej _vKvi e¨vcv‡i GB wfUvwgb ¸i“Z¡c~Y©| Mf©ve¯’vi cÖ_g Ae¯’vq A_ev Avcwb hw` Mf©avi‡Yi cwiKíbv K‡i _v‡Kb, Zvn‡j dwjK GwmW L yeB ¸i“Z¡c~Y©| Mf©avi‡Yi wm×všÍ wb‡”Qb ev Mf©aviY K‡i‡Qb, Ggb gwnjv‡ì DwPZ, †ewk cwigv‡Y dwjK GwmW MÖnY Kiv, †hb åƒY-wkï ¯úvBbv wewdWvi g‡Zv (gv‡qi M‡f© cÖv‡Yi m~Pbv jMœ †_‡KB ‡Kvb Î“wUi Kvi‡Y †gi“`‡Ûi LÛ¸‡jv GKwÎZ n‡Z e¨_© nIqvi d‡j c¨vivjvBwm‡mi wkKvi nIqvi Avk¼vhy³) mœvq †Kvl (bvf©) m¤úwK©Z †Kvb RwUjZvq (ÕwbDivj wUDe wW‡d±mÕ)-G AvµvšÍ bv nq|

eZ©gv‡b GB civgk© †`qv n‡”Q †h, Mf©eZx nIqvi Av‡M AšÍZc‡¶ wZb gvm a‡i Avcwb 400 mcg (0.4 mg) dwjK GwmW MÖnY Ki“b Avi Mf©eZx nIqvi ci GKB cwigvY dwjK GwmW MÖnY Ki“b 12 mßvn ch©šÍ | Avcwb hw` AcÖZ¨vwkZfv‡e Mf©eZx n‡q c‡ob, Zvn‡j 12 mßvn m¤ú~Y© bv nIqv ch©šÍ cÖwZ w`b GKwU dwjK GwmW †Ue‡jU MÖnY Kiv ïi“ Ki“b|

wKfv‡e MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e Mf©avi‡Yi cwiKíbv Avcwb hw` K‡i _v‡Kb ev Avcwb Mf©aviY K‡i‡Qb GUv Rvb‡Z cvivi mv‡_ mv‡_ hv Ki‡Z n‡e: • Avcbvi Pvwn`v c~i‡Yi R‡b¨

cÖ‡qvRbxq ‡hvMvb wb‡Z ïi“ Ki“b cÖwZ w`b GKwU400 mcg dwjK GwmW ‡Ue‡j‡Ui AvKv‡i (MÖn‡Yi R‡b¨ GUvB mycvwikK…Z gvÎv), Avcbvi Wv³vi GB wb‡`©kbv w`‡Z (†cÖmµvBe Ki‡Z) cv‡ib A_ev dv‡g©wm I wKQy wKQy mycvigv‡K©U †_‡K Avcwb GUv wK‡b wb‡Z cv‡ib| Ges

• dwjK GwmW Av‡Q, Ggb Lvevi ‡ewk K‡i Lvb|

wfUvwgb G mvwc‡g›U MÖnY Gwo‡q Pjyb, KviY, D”P gvÎvi wfUvwgb G wkïi R‡b¨ ¶wZKi n‡Z cv‡i| Avcbvi hw` wfUvwg‡bi cÖ‡qvRb nq, Zvn‡j Avcbvi Wv³vi Zvi wb‡ ©kbv †`‡eb (†cÖmµvBe Ki‡eb)|

dwjK GwmWhy³ Lvevi • w¯úwbR ev kvK, eª‡Kvwj (meyR ev

†e¸wb i‡Oi AmsL¨ †QvU dzjKwc m¤^wjZ Dw™ ¢`, hv ivbœv K‡i LvIqv nq), MÖxb web (meyR gUiï uwU), Kwjd¬vIqvi(dzjKwc), eªv‡mjm ¯cÖvDUm (GK ai‡Yi ev uavKwc), cxR (wm× gU‡ii cywWs) mn meyR kvK-mwâ|

• ‡eªWmn wmwiqvj dzW (km¨KYv w`‡q ˆZix Lv`¨)| wKQy wKQy †eªW I mKv‡ji bvkZvq (†eªKdv÷ wmwiqv‡j) cÖPzi cwigv‡Y dwjK GwmW i‡q‡QÑGi gvÎv cix¶v K‡i wbb|

• Kgjv, AvO yi, Kjv mn wKQy dj|

• web&m ev gUiï uwU I Wvj, we‡kl K‡i ev¨vK AvBW web&m, wPK cxR (njy` gUi `vbv)|

• `ya I `y‡ai ˆZix `B I †Nvj (B‡qvMvU©)|

• C‡÷i wbh©vm (i“wU ev g` cÖ¯‘‡Zi Kv‡R cÖ‡qvRbxq GK‡Kvwl dv½vm (QÎvK)-Gi wbh©vm)|

KwjRv LvIqv wK wVK? KwjRvq dwjK GwmW i‡q‡Q, Z‡e, Zv‡Z D”P

gvÎvi wfUvwgb G-I i‡q‡Q| Mf©ve¯’vi cÖ_g w`‡Ki gvm¸‡jv‡Z Zv wkïi R‡b¨ ¶wZKi n‡Z cv‡i| Mf©eZx gwnjv I Mf©avi‡Yi cwiKíbv Ki‡Qb

hviv, Zv‡ì R‡b¨ civgk© n‡”Q GB †h, Zviv †hb KwjRv ev KwjRv w`‡q cÖ¯‘Z ‡Kvb wKQy bv Lvb|

15

Ab¨ iK‡gi ¯^v`? Mf©ve¯’vKv‡j wKQy wKQy Lvev‡ii ¯^v` Avcbvi Kv‡Q G‡KK mgq G‡KK iKg jvM‡Z cv‡i, cÖvq †¶‡ÎB G iKg †`Lv hvq| Avcwb nq‡Zv j¶¨ Ki‡eb †h, Av‡M †hme Lvevi I wWª¼ Avcbvi Kv‡Q fv‡jv jvM‡Zv, †hgb, Kwd ev Gj‡Kvnj (g`), †m¸‡jv GLb Avi †L‡Z cvi‡Qb bv| GKB fv‡e Avcwb nq‡Zv GUvI †`L‡eb †h, Ab¨vb¨ Lv‡`ï cÖwZ Avcbvi AvMÖn ‡e‡o ‡M‡Q, Avi G¸‡jvi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q Ggb wKQy LveviI, Mf©eZx nIqvi Av‡M †h¸‡jv Avcbvi †Zgb fv‡jv jvM‡Zv bv, †hgb, †jey †Mv‡Îi djg~j (mvBUªvm d « zU)Ñ †jey, evZvwe †jey, Kgjv, AvO yi BZ¨vw` A_ev `ya, wKš‘ GLb †m¸‡jvmn Ab¨vb¨ Lvev‡ii cÖwZ AvMÖn ‡e‡o‡Q Avcbvi| †Kvb †Kvb gwnjvi AvcvZ`„wó‡Z A™ ¢ yZ ai‡Yi wewfbœ Lvevi LvIqvi cÖwZI AvMÖn ‡`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i| hZ¶Y ch©šÍ Lv`¨ MÖn‡Yi e¨vcv‡i Avcwb ¯^v¯’¨Ki fvimvg¨ eRvq †i‡L P‡j‡Qb (†`L yb c„ 13), ZZ¶Y ch©šÍ GKwU Lvevi MÖn‡Yi cwigvY evov‡bv ev Ab¨ Av‡iKwUi cwigvY Kgv‡bv‡Z wKQy hvq Av‡m bv| L yeB wgwó RvZxq †Kvb Lvevi ev †ewk Pwe©hy³ Lvev‡ii R‡b¨ Avcwb hw` e¨vKzj n‡q c‡ob, †hgb P‡Kv‡jU, Zvn‡jI †m¸‡jv LvIqvi cwigvY mshZ ivLvi †Póv Ki“b|

cÖ‡kœi Reve

cÖt Mf©eZx nIqvi Av‡M Avgvi IRb †ewk wQ‡jv| Mf©eZx _vKvKv‡j kixi nvjKv-cvZjv Kivi (w¯g nIqvi) †Póv Kiv wK wVK n‡e?

Dt Mf©eZx _vKv Kv‡j IRb Kgv‡bvi †Póv Ki‡eb bv| Gi cwie‡Z © g‡bv‡hvM w`b, ¯^v¯’¨Ki I fvimvg¨c~Y© Lvevi MÖn‡Yi w`‡K| Avcbvi wgWIqvBd ev wRwci mv‡_ G wb‡q K_v ejyb| g‡b ivL‡eb, Pwe©hy³ I wPwbhy³ Lvevi cÖPzi K¨v‡jvwi (Lv`¨ †_‡K cÖvß Kg©kw³i GKK) Drcv`b Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges Zv h_vm¤ ¢e Kwg‡q ivL‡Z n‡e|

cÖ t wbivwgl ev gvsmwenxb Lvevi wK Mf©ve¯’vq wbivc`?

Dt ¯^v¯’¨Ki Lvevi MÖn‡Yi e¨vcv‡i †h wb‡`©kbv (MvBWjvBb) i‡q‡Q, Avcwb hZ¶Y

Zv i me¸‡jv †g‡b Pj‡Qb, ZZ¶Y Zv wbivc`| Acbvi †h mg¯Í cywóKi c`v_© ìKvi, gvsm Qvov Ab¨ Lvev‡i Zv i‡q‡Q| †fRvbÑ hviv cïRvZ †Kvb Lvevi MÖnY K‡ib bv, Zv‡ì nq‡Zv AwZwi³ wfUvwgb we12 MÖnY cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i| Zv‡ì DwPZ, mqv †_‡K ˆZix Lvevi LvIqv, G¸‡jv‡Z wfUvwgb we12 _v‡K cÖPzi cwigv‡Y| ev Avcbviv Gi cwic~iK Ab¨ wKQyI MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡ib|

GB eB‡qi †cQb w`‡K AviI mvnvh¨ AskwU †`L yb|

16

mßvnwfwË‡Z Avcbvi Mf©ve¯’v ‡mKkb GK: Mf©ve¯’v

Mf©aviY I Mf©ve¯’vi cÖ_g ch©vq Avcbvi wkïi weKwkZ nIqvi me‡P‡q ÕmwµqÕ(GKwUf) Ask GB ch©vqwU| GB cÖ_g w`‡Ki mßvn¸‡jv‡Z weivU wKQy N‡U _v‡KÑcÖvq †¶‡Î GUv n‡q _v‡K, Mf©eZx nIqvi e¨vcv‡i Avcwb wbwðZ n‡Z cvivi Av‡MB| • fertilised egg (De©i n‡q cov

wWg)ÑGLb GUv‡K ev‡÷vwm÷ ejv n‡q _v‡KÑZv De©iZv cÖvwßi ci Mf©avi‡Yi cÖ_g mßv‡ni †kl bvMv` wb‡R‡K Mf©vk‡qi (I¤^) lining (jvBwbs)-Gi mv‡_ hy³ K‡i| jvBwbs Ly‡` wb‡q ‡mwU †mLv‡b X y‡K hvq Ges ZLb blastocyst (ev‡÷vwm÷) I jvBwbs‡qi g‡a¨ wewbgq n‡Z _v‡K ivmvqwbK mvgMÖx I cywóKi c`v_©|

• ev‡÷vwm÷ (De©iZvcÖvß wWg) hLb cy‡ivcywifv‡e †ivwcZ n‡q hvq, ZLb Zv‡K ejv nq åƒY (Ggeªv‡qv)| ‡m mgq Gi AvKvi n‡q _v‡K †QvU GKwU we›`yi g‡Zv|

• embryo (åƒY)-Gi evB‡ii w`‡Ki †mj¸‡jv gv‡qi i³bvwji mv‡_ wb‡R‡ì mshy³ Ki‡Z ïi“ K‡i,

Gfv‡e gv‡qi i³ mieivn cÖwµqvi g‡a¨ Zviv AšÍf©y³ n‡q hvq| GUv n‡”Q åƒY‡K wN‡i Pz‡ji g‡Zv AwZ m~¶ wSwj chorionic villi (†KvwiIwbK wfwj) ˆZix nIqvi m~Pbv ce©, hv c‡i c ¨v‡m›Uvq cwiYZ n‡e (c v‡m›Uvt åƒ‡Yi cywó †hvMv‡bvi R‡b¨ Rivqyi †fZ‡i XvKbvi g‡Zv A½we‡kl, cÖm‡ei mgq hv bvwoi mv‡_ †ewi‡q Av‡m, Mf©cwimªe, dzj)|

• åƒ‡Yi †fZ‡ii †mj¸‡jv ZLb wZbwU

c „_K ¯Í‡i wef³ nq | cÖ_g ¯ÍiwU nervous system (mœvq~ †Kvl) I gw¯Í‡®‹ (†eªBb) i ƒcvšÍwiZ n‡e; wØZxq ¯ÍiwU cwiYZ n‡e kix‡ii ‡fZ‡ii cÖavb A½mg~‡n digestive system and lungs (nRg Kivi wm‡÷g I dzmdy‡m) ; Z…Zxq ¯Íi †_‡K ˆZix n‡e heart (ü`hš ¿) (nvU©) I blood system (i³ mÂvjY eë¯’v), muscles and the skeleton (gvsm†cwk I K¼vj)|

• åƒ‡Yi GLb wbR¯^ blood vessels ev i³bvwj n‡q‡Q| G¸‡jvi †Kvb †KvbwU Avcbvi Mf©vk‡qi †`qv‡j (BD‡Uwib Iqv‡j) Avcbvi wb‡Ri i³ mieivn eë¯’vi mv‡_ mshy³ n‡q‡Q| G¸‡jv weKwkZ nq åƒ‡Yi bvwfi mv‡_ gv‡qi dz‡ji ms‡hvRK bvwj-bvwo ev umbilical cord (AvgwewjK¨vj KW©)-Gi †fZ‡i| GB bvwoi g‡a¨ Ggb i³evwn wkiv i‡q‡Q, hv dzj ev placenta (c ¨v‡m›Uv) †_‡K cywóKi Dcv`vbmg~n MÖnY K‡i _v‡K Ges eR¨ © c`v_© M ÖnY K‡i _v‡K wkïi KvQ †_‡K|

Avcwb hLb Qq mßv‡ni Mf©eZx, ZLb GB AZ¨šÍ RwUj m„wó¸‡jv, me wgwj‡q Avcbvi Kwbô AvO y‡ji Ic‡i b‡Li †h AvKvi, cÖvq †mB AvKvi gvÎ jvf K‡i‡Q|

17

6 mßvn ch©šÍ

ïµ (exh©) Øviv wWg De©iv n‡”Q

wW¤^vkq (Ifvwi) †_‡K wWg †ewi‡q Avm‡Q

De©iZvcÖvß wWg (e v‡÷vwm÷) wW¤^bvwji (†d‡jvwcqvb wUD‡ei) g‡a¨ jvdSvuc w`‡”Q I bovPov Ki‡Q

Mf©vk‡qi †fZ‡i e v‡÷vwm÷ †ivwcZ n‡”Q, GLb Ges GwU GLb ÒåƒYÒ

mßvn 4-5

Blastocyst (embryo) burrowing into womb lining

cÖ‡kœi Reve

Mf©vkq ev Rivqyi (BD‡Uiv‡mi) †`qv‡j wWg hLb wb‡R‡K ¯’vcb Ki‡Z _v‡K, †mB mgqUvq Avcbvi wKQy wKQy i³cvZ n‡Z cv‡i| G Kvi‡Y i³mªv‡ei Lye nvjKv GKUv wcwiqW Pj‡Q e‡j mn‡R fyj n‡Z cv‡i| ZvB Avcwb nq‡Zv ai‡Z cvi‡eb bv †h, Avcwb Mf©eZx n‡q c‡o‡Qb|

cÖt Mf©ve ’v cix¶v (†cÖMb¨vwÝ †U÷) wK mwZ¨B †mfv‡e wbf©i Kivi g‡Zv †hvM¨? Avwg wbwðZ wQjvg †h, Avwg Mf©eZx n‡qwQ, wKš‘ †U‡÷ †bwZevPK (†b‡MwUf) †`Lv‡jv| GK mßvn c‡i Avevi cix¶v Kivjvg, ZLb cvIqv †M‡jv BwZevPK (cwRwUf)|

Dt ‡cÖMb¨vwÝ †U÷ wVKg‡Zv Kiv n‡j mvaviYZ Zv wbf©i‡hvM¨ n‡q _v‡K, Z‡e

åvšÍfv‡e ‡b‡MwUf †`Lv‡bvi wKQyUv m¤ ¢vebv ZviciI †_‡K hvq| †Kwg÷ †_‡K †cÖMb¨vwÝ †U‡÷i miÄvg wK‡b †h †U÷ Avcwb K‡i‡Qb, ‡mB †U÷ Avcbvi Mf©eZx n‡q covi cÖvq `y mßvn c‡ii (†h mg‡q Avcbvi wcwiqW nIqvi K_v) cÖmªve †_‡K hormone human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) ev ni‡gvb wnDg¨vb †KvwiIwbK †Mvbv‡Wv‡Uªvwdb (GBPwmwR) msMªn Kivi K_v| Avcwb Mf©eZx n‡q‡Qb wKbv, GB cix¶vi gva¨‡g Zv Rvb‡Z cviv m¤ ¢e| wKš‘ KL‡bv KL‡bv GB †U‡÷i R‡b¨ hZUzKz GBPwmwR cÖ‡qvRb, ZZUzKz bv-I cvIqv †h‡Z cv‡i, ZvB ZLb GUv wba©viY Kiv m¤ ¢e bv-I n‡Z cv‡i ‡h, Avcwb Mf©eZx n‡q‡Qb wK-nbwb | Avcbvi wcwiqW hw` ZviciI ïi“ bv n‡q _v‡K, Zvn‡j AveviI Avcbvi cix¶v K‡i †`Lv DwPZ| i³ cix¶v‡ZI GB ni‡gvb cvIqv †h‡Z cv‡i|

mßvn 6

Mf©ve ’vi Ab¨vb¨ j¶Y

• Avcbvi Mf©vkq ev Rivqyi wb‡Pi Ask cervix (†miwf·) mvgvb big n‡q Avm‡Z cv‡i|

• Avcbvi †hvwbc_ I Rivqyi is cwiewZ©Z n‡eÑ†Mvjvwc (wc ¼) †_‡K bxj‡P jvj n‡q DV‡Z cv‡i-GB ¯’vb¸‡jv‡Z i³ mieivn †e‡o hvIqvi Kvi‡Y GUv n‡Z cv‡i|

• Avcbvi ¯Í‡b cwieZ©b Avm‡Z ïi“ K‡i Ges Avcbvi tubercles (¯Íbe„‡šÍi)-Õi Pvicv‡ki GjvKvq areola (GwiIjv) ev ‡QvU †QvU `v‡Mi g‡Zv dz‡j IVv Ask¸‡jv †ek fv‡jv fv‡e ‡evSv hvq | ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bvi cÖ¯‘wZ wn‡m‡e ¯Íbe„šÍ‡K ¯úk©KvZi I big ivLvi R‡b¨ †h me M vÛ ˆZjv³ c`v_© Drcbœ K‡i _v‡K, †m¸‡jvi †ei“‡bvi c_ (Gw·U c‡q›U) n‡”Q G¸‡jv||

Qq ev mvZ mßv‡ni g‡a¨B ¯ ‹¨vb Kiv‡bvi mgq wkïi ü`¯ú›`b (nvU©weU) aiv m¤ ¢e n‡Z cv‡i|

Mf©ve ’vq Kg c‡¶ cÖ_g 12 mßvn dwjK Gwm‡Wi †hvMvb (mvwc‡g›U) MÖnY Ki“b|

18

e v‡÷vwm÷ (De©ivcÖvß wWg) Mf©vk‡qi jvBwbs Ly‡` †fZ‡i XyK‡Q


AvK…wZ MVb ïi“ GLb gvbe †`‡ni AvK…wZ‡Z åƒ‡Yi weKv‡ki KvR ïi“ n‡Z hv‡”Q Ges kix‡ii cÖavb A½-cÖZ¨½¸‡jvi Mob cÖwµqvI ïi“ n‡”Q|

• K‡qK mßv‡ni g‡a¨ ‡QvU †QvU †dvjv †dvjv Ask †`Lv hv‡e,G¸jv‡K ejv nq limb buds (wj¤^ evWm) ev A½-cÖZ¨‡½i A¼ zi, GB Ask¸‡jv nvZ I cv‡q iƒcvšÍwiZ n‡q _v‡K|

• 10 mßvn bvMv` †`Lv hv‡e Zzjbvg~jK fv‡e eo †MvjvK…wZi GKwU cÖvšÍ, hv c‡i gv_v wn‡m‡e i ƒc †b‡e| umbilical cord ev bvwoi ˆ`N ©I eo n‡e Ges GB ch©v‡q åƒY amniotic sac (GgbvIwUK m¨vK) -Gi g‡a¨ (GK ai‡Yi Õcvwb fwZ© e¨vMÕ, hv f~wgô nIqvi Av‡M ch©šÍ wkï‡K i¶v K‡i _v‡K) fvmgvb _vK‡e|

• GB mg‡qi ci åƒY‡K ejv nq fetus (†dUvm) (A½-cÖZ¨½ ¯úófv‡e MwVZ nIqvi cieZ©x Ae¯’v)| gyL, wRnŸv I †Pv‡Li cvZvmn gyLgÛjI AvK…wZ wb‡Z ïi“ K‡i| A½-cÖZ¨‡½i A¼ zi¸‡jv ‡_‡K GLb cwi®‹vi fv‡e †evSv hvq †h, G¸‡jv nvZ I cv, GB mgq

nvZ-cv‡qi AvO yj MwVZ nIqvI ïi“ nq| GB mßvn¸‡jv‡Z gw¯Í®‹ (†eªBb), bvf© wm‡÷g I nv‡oi KvVv‡gv M‡M IVvmn kix‡ii †fZ‡ii A½-cÖZ¨½ MV‡bi g‡Zv ¸i“Z¡c~Y© KvRwU n‡q _v‡K| 12 mßv‡ni †kl bvMv` Af¨šÍixY A½-cÖZ¨‡½i KvVv‡gv MwVZ nIqvi KvRwU m¤ú~Y© n‡q hvq| GB mg‡q gvsm‡cwk¸‡jv MwVZ n‡Z ïi“ K‡i| 12 mßv‡ni †k‡l gv_v †_‡K †klvsk ch©šÍ wkïi ˆ`N © `v uovq 5 †mw›UwgUvi (1.9 BwÂ)-GB AvK…wZ GKwU cvKv c v‡gi g‡Zv|

• 12 mßvn bvMv` Avcwb nq‡Zv †`L‡Z cv‡eb †h, Avcbvi †Kvgi †gvUv n‡Z ïi“ K‡i‡Q| Avcbvi uterus (Rivqy) G mgq †h‡nZz Ic‡ii w`‡K wKQyUv D‡V hvq, pelvis (†cjwfm)-Gi AiMvb¸‡jv (†gi“`‡Ûi wb‡Pi Ask I wbZ‡¤î gvSLv‡b nv‡oi †h KvVv‡gv, Zvi A½mg~n) †m Kvi‡Y wKQyUv ¯’vbPÿZ n‡q hvq| kix‡i wKQy cvwbI R‡g hv‡e, †h Kvi‡Y Avcbvi g‡b n‡e, Avcbvi kix‡ii ga¨fvM dz‡j Av‡Q| Aek¨ ZviciI GB ch©v‡q †ewki fvM gvbyli Kv‡Q Avcbv‡K Mf©eZx e‡j g‡b n‡e bv|

19

mßvn 7-12

Amy¯’Zv I ewgi fve cÖ_g 12 mßv‡ni g‡a¨ Amy¯’Zv‡eva I ewgi fve n‡Z cv‡i L ye †ewk| Avcwb Lye †ewk K¬vwšÍI †eva Ki‡Z cv‡ib| Z‡e wkMMxiB Avcbvi fv‡jv ‡eva Kiv ïi“ n‡Z cv‡i| 12 †_‡K 14 mßv‡ni w`‡K ni‡gvb cwieZ©b n‡q _v‡K| G mgq Mf©cwimªe mwµq n‡q I‡V Ges †ewki gwnjv GB mgqUvq Zzjbvg~jKfv‡e fv‡jv †eva Ki‡Z ïi“ K‡ib|

fv‡jv †eva Ki‡Z _vKv

wK Ki‡Z n‡e • GK mv‡_ †ewk Lvevi Lv‡eb

bv, Z‡e wKQy mgq c‡i c‡i Lvevi †L‡Z _vKzb| G‡Z K‡i Avcbvi †cU KL‡bv Lvwj _vK‡e bv|

• w ‡bi ïi“‡Z GKUv ïK‡bv µ vKvi I GKwU wWª¼ ‡L‡q wbb-weQvbv †Q‡o IVvi Av‡MB Gfv‡e †L‡q wb‡Z cv‡ib|

• †h me Lvevi I M‡Ü Avcwb Amy ’ †eva K‡ib, †m¸‡jv cwinvi K‡i Pjyb|

• AviI civgk© †c‡Z Avcbvi wRwc ev wgWIqvB‡di mv‡_ K_v ejyb|

mßvn 9

†dUvm (åƒY-wkï) †`L‡Z A‡bKUvB gvbe †`‡ni AvKvi aviY K‡i P‡j‡Q

2 †mw›UwgUvi (GK BwÂi Kg)

mßvn 12

20


13Zg mßvn †_‡K c¨v‡m›Uv wkïi cywói cÖavb Drm wn‡m‡e `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡Z ïi“ K‡i| 14Zg mßvn †_‡K GwU cy‡ivcywifv‡e KvR Ki‡Z ïi“ K‡i|

Avcbvi wkïi êwkó¨mg~n • GB mßvn¸‡jvi ïi“‡Z wkï wb‡R wb‡R

Zvi A½-cÖZ¨½ I gv_v wKQy wKQy bovPov Ki‡Z ïi“ K‡i| Z‡e Avcwb GLbI Zv Abyfe Ki‡Z cvi‡eb bv| 16Zg mßv‡ni w`‡K Avcwb wKQy wKQy bovPov Abyfe Ki‡Z cv‡ib, cÖ_g ev‡ii g‡Zv Mf©eZx n‡j GUv Aek¨ †evSv hvq AviI c‡i|

• 16Zg mßvn bvMv` Avcbvi wkïi gyLgÛ‡j Zvi †PvL, bvK, gyL I Kvb `ywU ¯úófv‡e †evSv hvq| †Pv‡Li cvZvI †evSv hvq AviI fv‡jvfv‡e| GB mg‡q Zvi gvwoi g‡a¨ `v u‡Zi m„wó n‡q _v‡K|

• big I L yeB m~¶ è GK iK‡gi Pz‡j (GUv‡K Õjybv‡MvÕ ejv n‡q _v‡K) XvKv i‡q‡Q wkïi cy‡iv kixi|

• cieZ©x‡Z Avcbvi wkïi Pzj hw` Kv‡jv n, Zvn‡j Pz‡ji dwjKj&m&, hv iO ˆZix K‡i _v‡K, Zv KvR Ki‡Z ïi“ K‡i 15Zg mßvn †_‡K|

• fyi“ I †Pv‡Li cvZvi PzjI G mgq MRv‡Z ïi“ K‡i| nvZ I cv‡qi AvO yj GiB g‡a¨ m„wó n‡q‡Q| †PvL I Kv‡bi Mob Ae¨vnZ i‡q‡Q Ges Avgiv Rvwb, GB ch©v‡q wkïiv kã I Av‡jv m¤ú‡K© m‡PZb n‡q I‡V|

16Zg mßv‡n Avcbvi wkïi ˆ`N ©¨ 8 †mw›UwgUvi (cÖvq 3 BwÂ)|

PLACENTA (c v‡m›Uv)

GUv Avcbvi wkïi Rxeb-weKv‡ki R‡b¨ mnvqK (jvBd mv‡cvU©) wm‡÷g| GKw`‡K GUv Mf©vk‡qi (BD‡Uiv‡mi) mv‡_ mshy³ i‡q‡Q, Ab¨w`‡K wkïi mv‡_ mshy³ i‡q‡Q bvwoi (AvgwewjK¨vj K‡W©i) Øviv| GB KW© c v‡m›Uvi gva¨‡g gv‡qi i³ †_‡K cywóKi Dcv`vb¸‡jv wb‡q Av‡m wkïi Kv‡Q Ges †mB mv‡_ mwi‡q wb‡q hvq wkïi eR¨© c`v_©¸‡jv| c v‡m›Uv ni‡gvb Drcv`b K‡i _v‡K, hv cÖevwnZ nq Avcbvi kixi Ry‡o|

Avcbvi I Avcbvi wkïi i³ cÖevn mvaviYZ KL‡bv mivmwi wgwkªZ nq bv| Mf©vk‡qi † qv‡ji mv‡_ mshy³ c v‡m›Uvi w KwU Avcbvi i‡³ †aŠZ nq| †h wSwj Avcbvi i³ cÖevn‡K Avcbvi wkïi i³ cÖevn †_‡K c„_K K‡i iv‡L, Zvi ga w ‡q Aw·‡Rb mn cywóKi Dcv vb ‡jv AwZµg K‡i Ges Gici Zv cÖ‡ek K‡i cªv‡m›Uvi Ab w ‡K wkïi i³cÖev‡n| GKB fv‡e wbM©Z nq wkïi eR© c v_© ‡jv, wkïi w K †_‡K wSwji ga w ‡q Avcbvi w ‡K hvq|

wkïi kix‡i †cŠuQvi Av‡M ¯^v‡¯’ï R‡b¨ SuywKc~Y© A‡bK wKQyB c v‡m›Uv AvU‡K ‡`q| ZviciI ¶wZKi wKQy Dcv`vb

X y‡K †h‡Z cv‡i evav †cwi‡q| wKQy e¨vK‡Uwiqv, fvBivm, WªvM I Ilya, wb‡KvwUb I Kve©b g‡bv·vBW (`nb †_‡K Drcbœ welv³ M¨vm) c v‡m›Uv AvUKv‡Z (Õe KÕ Ki‡Z) cv‡i bv|

c v‡m›Uv †_‡K Drcbœ ni‡gvb Ñ cÖavbZ A‡÷ªv‡Rb (†g‡q ‡m· ni‡gvb¸‡jvi g‡a¨ †h †Kvb GKwU) I cÖ‡R‡÷‡ivb ( GKwU †g‡q †m· ni‡gvb, hv De©iv wW¤^vYyi R‡b¨ Mf©vkq‡K cÖ¯‘Z K‡i Ges Ae¨vnZ iv‡L Mf©ve¯’v) Ñ GB ni‡gvb¸‡jv A‡bK cwieZ©b G‡b _v‡K, hv Mf©ve¯’vKv‡j Avcwb Avcbvi kix‡i j¶¨ Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

G¸‡jvi cÖfv‡e Avcbvi Mf©vkq e„w× ‡c‡Z _v‡K Ges bZzb i³bvwji m„wó‡Z ‡m¸‡jv mnvqK nq| c v‡m›Uvi Øviv Drcbœ cÖ‡R‡÷‡iv‡bi gvÎv Mf©ve¯’vi †kl fv‡M K‡g Av‡m, wKš‘ GUv GLbI cy‡ivcywi fv‡e ejv m¤¢e bq, cÖme †e`bv ïi“ nq wK Kvi‡Y|

21

mßvn 13-16

Rivqyi dzj

åƒY-wkïi i³bvwj

åƒY-wkïi `ywU i³ wkiv

åƒY‡K aviY Kiv wSwji g‡a¨ Zij c`v_©c~Y© )

_‡j bvwo

mßvnwfwË‡Z Avcbvi Mf©ve¯’v ce© GK: Mf©ve¯’v

Avcbvi Õdz‡j IVvÕ †`Lv hv‡e

GB mßvn¸‡jv‡Z Avcbv‡K Mf©eZxi g‡Zv †`Lv‡Z ïi“ n‡e| Aek¨, †hme gwnjv L yeB ïK‡bv Ges hv‡ì kixi †ewk Õdz‡j D‡VÕ bv, Zv‡ì‡K nq‡Zv †ewk Ab¨ iKg g‡b n‡e bv, we‡kl K‡i Zviv hw` wX‡jXvjv †cvkvK c‡i _v‡Kb|

• GB mgqUv‡Z Avcwb m¤¢eZ wkïi cÖ_g bovPov Abyfe Abyfe Ki‡Z cvi‡ebÑhwÌ Avcwb nq‡Zv ev wbwðZ n‡Z cvi‡eb bv †h, †Kb G iKg n‡”Q, we‡kl K‡i Avcwb hw` Av‡M KL‡bv Mf©eZx bv n‡q _v‡Kb, Zvn‡j G iKg g‡b n‡Z cv‡i|| GB bovPov¸‡jv (ÕKzB‡KwbsÕ wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ) cÖ_‡g `ª“Z I AwbqwgZfv‡e Abyf~Z n‡e, wKš‘ mgq h‡ZvB Mov‡e, ZZB my¯úó AvNvZ Kivi g‡Zv Abyf~wZ Avcwb Abyfe Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| Avcbvi wkïi bovPov Avcbvi Zj‡c‡Ui †fZ‡i As‡k Abyf~Z n‡Z _vK‡e|

• Ultrasound (Avë ªvmvDÛ) Qwe †_‡K †`Lv hvq cÖvq 18 gvm eqmx wkïiv Zv‡ì ey‡ov AvO yj Pzl‡Q|

• Avcbvi wkïi wØZxq vuZwU Zix n‡Z ïi“ K‡i, cÖ_g vuZwU Zix nIqv ïi“ nIqvi ci ciB| wkïi kixi vernix '(fiwb‡·)-G †X‡K hvIqv ïi“ nq, GUvv GK ai‡Yi Zjv³ c v_©,

hv cvwb-wb‡ivaK (IqvUvicÖ“d) Íi Zix K‡i Avcbvi wkïi Pvgov †X‡K iv‡L|

• 20Zg mßv‡n Avcbvi wkïi ˆ`N ©¨ `v uovq 15 †mw›UwgUv‡i (cÖvq 6 BwÂ), Zv GL‡bv G‡Zv †QvU †h, cÖvßeq®‹ GKRb gvby‡li nv‡Z Zv Zz‡j †bqv hvq|

22

mßvn 17-20

mßvn 20

Mf©ve¯’vq KvR Kiv ‡ewki fvM Mf©eZx gwnjv hZw`b Pvb, ZZw`bB KvR K‡i †h‡Z m¶g nb| Z‡e L ye Kg KvRB Av‡Q, hv Mf©ve¯’vq Kiv wbivc` bq, ev ‡h KvR Mf©ve¯’vq Kivi civgk© †`qv wVK bq|

• D`vniY wn‡m‡e, Avcwb hw` ivmvqwbK c`v_©, ev Ab¨ †Kvb wec`RbK c`v_© wb‡q KvR K‡ib, ev Kv‡Ri Ask wn‡m‡e Avcbv‡K hw` †Kvb wKQy †e‡q Dc‡i DV‡Z nq, ev fvwi †Kvb wKQy D‡Ëvjb Ki‡Z nq, Zvn‡j IB ai‡Yi KvR cwieZ©b K‡i Avcbv‡K Zzjbvg~jK fv‡e wbivc` Ab¨ †Kvb KvR †e‡Q wb‡Z n‡e| G e¨vcv‡i civg‡k©i R‡b¨ Avcbvi wgWIqvBd ev Wv³v‡ii mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM Ki“b|

• Avcbvi Kv‡Ri aiY I Kv‡Ri cwi‡ek Avcbvi Ges Avcbvi wkïi ¯^v¯’¨ †hb Su ywKi g‡a¨ bv †d‡j, Zv wbwðZ Kivi AvBbMZ evaëvaKZv Avcbvi wb‡qvM`vZvi (Ggc qv‡ii) i‡q‡Q| IB Kv‡R hw` G ai‡Yi Su ywK †_‡K _v‡K, Zvn‡j Avcbv‡K weKí Kv‡Ri my‡hvM Zv‡K Aek¨B w`‡Z n‡e|

• Rbc~e©eZ©x (Gw›UbvUvj) Gc‡q›U‡g›U Ges Rbc~e©eZ©x (Gw›UbvUvj) K¬v‡k Dcw ’Z _vKvi myweav‡_© Avcwb †eZbmn QywU cvevi AwaKvi iv‡Lb| ( Avcbv‡K nq‡Zv Avcbvi Wv³vi ev wgWIqvB‡di KvQ †_‡K GB g‡g© GKwU †bvU wb‡q vwLj Ki‡Z n‡Z cv‡i †h, GB K¬vk ‡jv Avcbvi Gw›UbvUvj †Kqv‡ii Ask e‡j we‡ewPZ n‡”Q)|

• Avcwb hw GLbI †Kvb †ewbwdU bv wb‡q _v‡Kb, Zvn‡j †m e vcviwU wb‡q wPšÍv Ki‡Z ïi“ Ki“b ev Avcbvi wkïi Rb¥ nIqvi ci Avcwb Kv‡R wd‡i hv‡eb wK hv‡eb bv, †m wb‡q fvebv wPšÍv Ki‡Z ïi“ Ki“b| A_©Kwo m¤ú‡K© Ges gvZ…Z¡ m¤úwK©Z Avcbvi AwaKvi (†gUvwb©wU ivBUm) m¤ú‡K© Avcwb wewfbœ Z_¨m~Î cv‡eb GB eB‡qi †cQ‡bi w ‡K

AviI mvnvh¨ †mKk‡b (‡ Lyb 57 bs c„ôvI|)

23

mßvn wfwË‡Z Avcbvi Mf©ve¯’v †mKkb GK: Mf©ve¯’v

AvK…wZ cwieZ©b GB mg‡q Avcbvi Mf©vkq (BD‡Uivm) `ª“Z e„w×cÖvß nq Ges Avcbvi wKQyUv IRbI evo‡Z cv‡i| cÖvq 24Zg mßv‡ni w`‡K Avcwb j¶¨ Ki‡eb, Avcbvi bvwfi MZ© f‡i DV‡Q ev GgbwK bvwf wKQyUv †ewi‡qI Avm‡Q| wb‡P BD‡iUv‡mi e„w× cvIqv †_‡K m„ó Pv‡ci Kvi‡Y GUv n‡q‡Q|

wkïi cwigvc †bqv Gw›UbvUvj Gc‡q›U‡g‡›Ui mgq wgWIqvBd ev Wv³vi GKwU †Uc Øviv Avcbvi †c‡Ui gvc wb‡Z cv‡ib| wkïi AvKvi I e„w× cix¶v K‡i †`Lvi R‡b¨ Avcbvi †c‡U nvZ w`‡qI Zviv ‡evSvi †Póv Ki‡eb| wkïi Ae¯’vb (cwRkb) †bvU Kiv n‡e| wkïiv me mg‡qB Zv‡ì Ae¯’vb cwieZ©b Ki‡Z _v‡K, Ggb wK G‡Kev‡i R‡b¥i K‡qK mßvn Av‡M ch©šÍ GB Ae¯’v Pj‡Z _v‡K| fv‡jv †eva Ki‡Z _vKv

Mf©ve¯’vi cÖ_g w`‡K †h K¬vwšÍ‡eva n‡Z _v‡K, Zv `~i nIqvi ci A‡bK gwnjvB D`¨gx I mej †eva Ki‡Z ïi“ K‡ib Ges Avcwb Mf©ve¯’vi †kl w`‡K kixi fvwi n‡q hvIqvi welqwUI †Zgbfv‡e Avi Abyfe K‡ib bv|

Avcwb nq‡Zv K¬vwšÍ‡eva Ki‡Z cv‡ib, Z‡e Avcbvi N yg m¤¢eZ fv‡jv n‡e Ges N yg †_‡K DV‡ebI fv‡jv †eva Kivi Abyf~wZ wb‡q| Avcbvi kixi A‡bK KvR K‡i P‡j‡Q, hv †`Lv hvq bvÑD`vniY ¯îƒc ejv hvq, Avcwb hLb Mf©eZx bb, ZLbKvi PvB‡Z GLb Avcbvi ü`hš ¿ (nvU©) I dzmdzm (jv½m) kZKiv 50 fvM †ewk cwikªg K‡i KvR K‡i P‡j‡Q|

24

mßvn 21-24

Mf©ve¯’vKvjxb (‡gUviwbwU) KvcoÑAvcbvi wK Gm‡ei cÖ‡qvRb i‡q‡Q? cÖvq Pvi ev cvuP gvm ci Avcbvi mvaviY A‡bK KvcoB Avi Avcwb co‡Z cvi‡eb bv, KviY, Avcbvi †Kvgi †gvUv n‡q †M‡Q, Ges Avcbvi ¯ÍbI eo n‡q †M‡Q| Avcwb hw` Kvco †K‡bb, Zvn‡j Ggb fv‡e Kvco †Kbvi †Póv Ki“b †hb, c‡iI Avcwb †m¸‡jv co‡Z cv‡ib, eomo, Dc‡ii Ask wX‡jXvjv, †mv‡qUvi I wU kvU©-G ai‡Yi Kvco wKb‡eb| Avcbvi kixi hw` Lye †ewk †gvUv n‡q hvq, Zvn‡j G‡Kev‡i †kl mßvn¸‡jv‡Z Avcbv‡K nq‡Zv GKUv ev `y‡Uv we‡kl AvB‡Ug †Kbvi cÖ‡qvRb n‡q co‡Z cv‡i| G e¨vcv‡i mvnv‡h¨ Avm‡Z cv‡i, Mf©eZx gwnjv‡ì †Zgb AviI wKQy

civgk© GLv‡b Zz‡j aiv n‡jv:

• †gUviwbwU †jwMsm †Kbv fv‡jv n‡eÑAvcwb wkïi R‡b¥i ciI Zv eënvi Ki‡Z cvi‡eb,cÖ‡qvRb n‡j Gi †Kvg‡ii Bjvw÷K e`‡j wb‡q I ‰`‡N ©¨ LvwbKUv †QvU K‡i wb‡q ci‡Z cvi‡eb †m¸‡jv|

• eo wU-kvU©, kvU© I Rv¤úvi| cyi“‡li mvB‡Ri Gme Kvco eomo I Avivg`vqK n‡q _v‡K, Avcwb hw` AwZwi³ j¤^v nvZv ¸wU‡q co‡Z Amyweav †eva bv K‡ib, Zvn‡j G¸‡jv Avcbvi R‡b¨ mnvqK n‡e|

• mvaviY (AwW©bvwi) UvBUm ci“b (†gUviwbwU UvBU‡mi Zzjbvq m¯Ív) Z‡e †m¸‡jv AwZwi³ eo (G·Uªv jvR©) mvB‡Ri wKbyb Ges †m¸‡jv D‡ëv K‡i ci“b, hv‡Z GwUi eo AskwU Avcbvi †cU †X‡K iv‡L|

• ‡ewki fvM gwnjv eªv-†Z ¯^v”Q›`¨ †ewk

Abyfe K‡i _v‡Kb Zviv hw` mvaviYfv‡e Zv bv-I c‡i _v‡Kb| cÖvq mvZ gv‡mi mgq †gUviwbwU eªv -i gvc wbb| bvwm©s eªv-†Z Kvc _v‡K, †h¸‡jvi ûK ev wRc †Lvjv hvq, Ges †h¸‡jv cieZ©x‡Z ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bvi e¨vcv‡iI Kv‡R jv‡M|

25

mßvnwfwË‡Z Avcbvi Mf©ve¯’v †mKkb GK: Mf©ve¯’v

Avcbvi weKvkgvb wkï GB mßvn ‡jv‡Z Avcbvi wkïi kix‡ii KvVv‡gv µgk cwic~Y© Ges wkïi AvK…wZi g‡Zv n‡q DV‡Q e‡j † Lv hvq|

• Avcwb Abyfe Ki‡eb, Avcbvi wkï Av‡Mi Zzjbvq †ewk bovPov Ki‡Q Ges Avcwb †Mvm‡ji mgq ev‡_ w¯’i n‡q ï‡q †_‡K hw` j¶¨ K‡ib, Zvn‡j Avcwb †mB bovPov nq‡Zv j¶Ï Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| Avcwb nq‡Zv GUvI eyS‡Z m¶g n‡eb †h, †Kvb& bovPovwU nv‡Zi ev †KvbwU cv‡qi, we‡kl K‡i cieZ©x‡Z, hLb Mf©vkq Av‡Mi Zzjbvq eo n‡q hv‡e|

• wkïi Pvgov GLb Av‡Mi Zzjbvq Kg ¯^”Q n‡Z Ges AviI cyi“ n‡Z ïi“ K‡i‡Q| GB eq‡mi wkï‡ì Pvgovi wb‡P †Zgb Pwe© _v‡KB bv ej‡jB P‡j, ZvB GB Pvgovq fv uR cov I wX‡jXvjv fve _v‡K| nv‡Zi Zvjy‡Z I cv‡qi cvZvi Zjvq fv uR co‡Z _v‡K Ges 25 mßvn cy‡iv nIqvi ci AvO y‡ji QvcI m„wó n‡Z _v‡K|

• hwÌ mvaviYZ G iKg nq bv, Z‡e KL‡bv KL‡bv h_v mg‡qi G‡Zv Av‡MI (25 †_‡K 28 mßv‡nI) wkïiv f~wgô n‡q _v‡K| AvRKvj, we‡klÁ h‡Zœi gva¨‡g, Mf©vk‡qi evB‡i Mf©ve¯’vi 24Zg mßvn mgq †_‡KB wkïiv †e u‡P _vK‡Z cv‡i| MZ K‡qK eQ‡i †gwWwm‡bi GB GjvKvq weivU AMÖMwZ mvwaZ n‡q‡Q| hv †nvK, G cÖv_wgK ch©v‡q †hme wkïiv †e u‡P _v‡K, Zviv `xN © †gqvw` mgm¨vi wkKvi n‡Z cv‡i|

GB mgq cvi nIqvi ci wkïi †e u‡P _vKvi nvi cÖwZ mßv‡n evo‡Z _v‡K| 28 mßv‡n Rb¥ †bqv A‡bK wkï `xN © †gqvw` †Kvb mgm¨v QvovB †e u‡P _v‡K, Z‡e ZviciI K‡qK mßvn a‡i Zv‡ì we‡kl h‡Zœi (†¯úkvj †Kqv‡ii) cÖ‡qvRb †_‡K hvq|

• 28Zg mßv‡n Avcbvi wkïi ˆ`N¨© cÖvq 22 †mw›UwgUvi (mv‡o 8 BwÂ) Ges IRb 800 MÖvg (cÖvq †ò cvDÛ) n‡q _v‡K|

26

mßvn 25-28

cwieZ©b mg~n

• GB mg‡q Avcbvi ¯Íb colostrum (†Kv‡jv÷ªvg ev Nb wµg RvZxq c`v_©) Drcbœ K‡i, Avcwb nq‡Zv e¨vcviwU ey‡S DV‡Z bv-I cv‡ib| Avcbvi ¯Í‡b GB cÖ_g Zij c`v_© m„wó n‡jv (c„ôv 92 †`Lyb)| †Kvb †Kvb gwnjvi ¯Íb †_‡K GB Zij c`v_© mvgvb¨ cwigv‡Y Pz uB‡q PzuB‡q †ewi‡q Avm‡Z (wjK n‡Z) cv‡i| Avcwb GUv hw` †Lqvj K‡ib, Zvn‡j †gv‡UB DwØMœ n‡eb bv, †Zgb †Kvb D‡Ø‡Mi welq GUv bq| Avcbvi ¯Íbe„‡šÍ GUv ïwK‡q e‡m hv‡e, ZvB †KejgvÎ mvaviY cvwb w`‡q ay‡q †djyb|

• Avcbvi nvZ I cv‡qi cvZvi wKQy wKQy Ask

dz‡j †h‡Z cv‡i (GUv‡K I‡Wgv ejv nq)| 26Zg mßv †ni w`‡K ev Zvi cieZ©x‡Z GUv L yeB mvaviY GKwU e¨vcvi| Avcwb hLb Avcbvi wgWIqvBd ev Wv³v‡ii mv‡_ †`Lv Ki‡eb, ZLb GUv Zv‡ì Rvbv‡eb| GUv Mf©ve¯’vq ¯^vfvweKfv‡e cvwb R‡g hvIqvi NUbvi PvB‡Z †ewk ¸i“Zi †Kvb e¨vcvi nIqvi m¤¢vebv ‡Zgb †bB (†`Lyb c„ 53)| Z‡e ¸i“Zi ai‡Yi IwWgv Avi †mB mv‡_ D”P i³Pvc (nvB evW †cÖmvi) Ges cÖmªv‡e (BDwi‡b) †cÖvwUb cvIqv †M‡j a‡i wb‡Z n‡e, Avcbvi wcÖ-GKwj¤úwkqv (mœvq~‡iv‡Mi ev g„wM‡iv‡Mi) c~e©eZ©x j¶Y i‡q‡Q (†`Lyb c„ 55-56), GUv A‡bK †ewk ¸i“Z¡c~Y©|

cÖ‡kœi Reve cÖt Kv‡Ri ¯’v‡b Ges KL‡bv KL‡bv N‡iI Avwg Lye Pv‡ci

g‡a¨ _vwK| Gi ci Avgv‡K GKUv Aciva‡eva cxov w`‡Z _v‡K †h, hw` Avgvi wkïi g‡aÏ GUv mÂvwiZ n‡q hvq, GB fvebvq|

Dt Avcwb hw` Lye Pvc Abyfe Ki‡Z _v‡Kb ev K¬vwšÍ †eva Ki‡Z _v‡Kb, Zvn‡j †m¸‡jv Kgv‡bvi R‡b¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq c`‡¶c MÖnY Ki“b| †ewk wekªvg wb‡q ev KvR †_‡K Av‡M Av‡M ‡ewi‡q G‡m Avcwb nq‡Zv DcKvi †c‡Z cv‡ib| A_ev hLb †_‡K Avcbvi †gUviwbwU jx‡f (gvZ …Z¡RwbZ QywU‡Z) hvIqvi cwiKíbv wQ‡jv, Zvi Av‡M †_‡KB GB QywU KvUv‡Z ïi“ Ki“b| mv¤cÖwZK M‡elYvq †`Lv †M‡Q, Mf©ve¯’vq Avcbvi Ici Lye †ewk gvÎvi Pvc Avcbvi wkïi Mob e „w×i Ici cÖfve †dj‡Z cv‡i Ges R‡b¥i mgq Zvi k ¦vmK‡ói mgm¨vi mv‡_I GUv m¤úwKZ© _vK‡Z cv‡i|

Avcb wkï ïb‡Z cv‡i Mf©ve¯’vi 24Zg mßvn †_‡K Avcbvi wkïi Kvb L yeB ¯úk©KvZi n‡Z _v‡K| Mf©vk‡qi †fZ‡i _vKv Ae¯’vq Avcbvi ü`¯ú›`b (nvU©weU), Avcbvi nRg cÖwµqvi kãvejx, Avcbvi KÉ¯î I Ab¨‡ì KÉ¯îÑmeB Avcbvi wkï ïb‡Z cv‡i| GUv meviB Rvbv †h, nvU©we‡Ui g‡Zv GKB Q‡› `vgq †Kvb wKQyi aŸwb µ›`biZ beRvZK‡K kvšÍ Ki‡Z cv‡i| †h wkï †ewk KvbœvKvwU K‡i, Zv‡K Mf©vk‡qi kã ïwb‡q kvšÍ Kiv m¤¢e n‡Z cv‡i (Avcwb GKwU †Uc wK‡b wb‡Z cv‡ib)|

27

mßvnwfwË‡Z Avcbvi Mf©ve¯’v ce© GK: Mf©ve¯’v

K¬všÍ Ges A¯^”Q›`? 30Zg mßvn ev G iKg mgq †_‡K Avcbvi wkïi kix‡ii Pvgovi wb‡P Pwe© Rg‡Z ïi“ Kivi Kvi‡Y µgk Zvi kixi f‡i DV‡Z _v‡K| 30Zg mßvn bvMv` Zvi gyLgÛj I kixi †_‡K Pzj m‡i hvIqv ïi“ n‡e, Z‡e '†fiwb·Õ †`L yb c„ 22) †_‡K hv‡e| †Q‡j wkïi AÛ‡Kvl Zj‡cU †_‡K AÛ‡Kv‡li _‡ji Ic‡ii As‡k bvg‡Z ïi“ K‡i cÖvq 29Zg mßvn †_‡K|

• GLb Avcwb nq‡Zv Avcbvi †c‡U, cv uR‡ii wb‡P Ges Avcbvi g~Î_wji Ici Pvc Abyfe Ki‡Z ïi“ Ki‡Z cv‡ib| Gi A_© n‡”Q, ï‡q ev e‡m _vKvi mgq k ¦vm-cÖk ¦vm MÖn‡Yi KvRwU Av‡Mi Zzjbvq mn‡R Kivi g‡Zv Ae¯’vb MÖnY KóKi e‡j g‡b n‡e| Ges G Kvi‡Y Avcbvi Nb Nb cÖmªve n‡Z cv‡i|

• Avcbvi Zj‡c‡Ui Ic‡ii Pvgov cvZjv I

Uvb Uvb e‡j g‡b n‡e| Avcbvi Zj‡c‡U `vM covi n‡j, GB mg‡qB Avcwb nq‡Zv `vM¸‡jv †Lqvj Ki‡eb (†`L yb c„ 10)|

• Avcwb KvR Kiv Ae vnZ ivL‡Z PvB‡j Zv Ki‡Z _vKzb, hZw b ch©šÍ Avcbvi KvR ev Kv‡R hvIqv-Avmv Avcbvi R‡b †ewk kvixwiK Pv‡ci KviY n‡q bv vuovq| Avcwb wb‡R G e vcv‡i †Kvb wm×v‡šÍ †cŠuQy‡Z bv cvi‡j wgWIqvB‡di mv‡_ K_v e‡j wbb| GUv hw Avcbvi cÖ_g wkï n‡q _v‡K, Zvn‡j Avcwb nq‡Zv N‡i ‡_‡K wkïi AvMg‡bi cÖ ‘wZ †bqv I †h Aemi wg‡j‡Q Zv Dc‡fvM

• KivUvB cQ› Ki‡eb| GKUv j¤v mg‡qi R‡b GKvšÍ K‡i Avcbvi wb‡Ri R‡b cvIqv xN©Zg mgq n‡Z cv‡i GUv!

• GB mg‡q wc‡V e¨_v †ek eo GKUv mgm¨v n‡q †`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i, KviY, Avcbvi Zj‡c‡Ui AvqZb evo‡Z _vKvi Kvi‡Y Zv Avcbv‡K mvg‡bi w`‡K ‡V‡j w`‡”Q|

• GB mg‡qi w ‡K Avcbvi Rb¥ c~e©eZ©x (Gw›UbvUvj) cix¶v Ae¨vnZ _vK‡Z cv‡i 15 w`b ci ci (cvw¶Kfv‡e)| GB mßvn¸‡jvi †Kvb GK mg‡q †Kvb †Kvb gwnjvi AvëªvmvDÛ ¯‹¨vb Kiv‡bv n‡q _vK‡Z cv‡i| cÖavbZ Avcbvi wkïi e„w× I weKvk †`Lv Ges Zvi cÖavb A½-cÖZ¨½¸‡jv †h iKg nIqv DwPZ, †m iKg n‡q‡Q wKbv, Zv †`Lvi R‡b¨B GB cix¶v Kiv nq|

Mf©ve¯’vq †hŠb wgjb mvaviYZ Mf©ve¯’vq †hŠb wgjb cy‡ivcywi wbivc`| †hŠbZv-†Kw›`ªK †h †Kvb ZrciZv, hv Avcbvi ¶wZ K‡i bv, Zv Avcbvi wkïiI ¶wZ K‡i bv| Õ`vcv`vwciÕ Su ywK †b‡eb bv, hv Avcbvi wkïi ¶wZ Ki‡Z cv‡i ev Zvi Ae¯’v ‡K cÖfvweZ Ki‡Z cv‡i †Kvbfv‡e| Mf©vk‡q cvwb fwZ© e¨v‡Mi g‡a¨ wkï myiw¶Z i‡q‡Q| †h †Kvb bovPovi av°v mvgjv‡Z Zv Kzk‡bi g‡Zv Zvi Kv‡R jv‡M| †hŠbwgjbKv‡j cÖPÛ bovPovi welqwU wkï nq‡Zv Abyfe Ki‡Z cv‡i, Z‡e G Kvi‡Y Zvi †Kvb ¶wZ n‡e bv|

KL‡bv GUv wK SuywKc~Y©? †h me gwnjvi †ek K‡qK eviB Mf©cvZ n‡q‡Q, Zv‡ì nq‡Zv †mB mgqUvq †hŠbwgj‡b Ask bv †bqvi civgk© KL‡bv KL‡bv †`qv n‡e, †h mg‡q Zv‡ì wcwiqW nIqvi K_v, ev cÖ_g wZb gv‡mi g‡a¨ ‡hŠbwgjb †gv‡UB bv Kivi civgk©I †`qv n‡Z cv‡i| ZviciI G iKg †Kvb cÖgvY †bB †h, †hŠbwgjb I Mf©cv‡Zi g‡a¨ †Kvb iK‡gi †hvMm~Î i‡q‡Q| G iKg cwiw¯’wZ‡Z `¤úwZ‡ì wK civgk© †`qv hvq, †m m¤ú‡K© Wv³vi‡ì g‡a¨ wKQy gZ‡f` i‡q‡Q|

• †Kvb †Kvb gwnjv g‡b K‡ib, Mf©ve¯’vi †kl ch©v‡q cyi“l ev gwnjvi mv‡_ †hŠbwgj‡bi mgq Dc‡i Ae¯’vb †bqv wKQyUv Amyweavi e¨vcvi| Gi mgvavb wn‡m‡e Avcwb Ic‡i Ae¯’vb †bqv Avcbvi mw½‡K Zvi IRb Zvi nv‡Zi Ici fi w`‡q a‡i ivLvi R‡b¨ ej‡Z cv‡ib A_ev, †hŠbwgjbKv‡j cvkvcvwk Ae¯’vb MÖn‡Yi welqwU cix¶v K‡i †`L‡Z cv‡ib|

28

mßvn 29-32

Av‡M Rb¥ †bqv wkïiv: we‡kl h‡Zœ (‡¯úkvj †Kqv‡i) Avcbvi wkï

• Mf©vKvj evo‡Z _vKvi mv‡_ mv‡_ †Kvb †Kvb gwnjv Ñ Ges Ñ †Kvb cyi“l A½ cÖ‡ek Kwi‡q †hŠbwgj‡bi Ici ZZ †ewk †Rvi †`b bv| GUv fv‡jv| A½ cÖ‡ek Kiv‡bv Qvov Avcwb hZ PvB‡eb, ZZ †ewk m¤¢e kvixwiK NwbôZv I †hŠb D‡ËRbv Avcwb Dc‡fvM Ki‡Z cv‡ib|

• cyi“‡li g‡Zv gwnjvivI KL‡bv KL‡bv Mf©ve ’vq Zv‡ì †hŠb AvKvsLvq cwieZ©b N‡U‡Q e‡j j¶¨ K‡ib Ges cyi“l I gwnjv-Df‡qB †hŠb AvKvsLv nvwi‡qI †dj‡Z cv‡ib|

G m‡ei †KvbUvB ¸i“Zi ev `xN©¯’vwq, G iKg †Kvb wKQy bq| e¨vcK kvixwiK †hvMv‡hv‡Mi gva¨‡g Avcbviv NwbôZv Ae¨vnZ ivLvi †Póv Ki‡Z _vKzb, Gm‡ei cwiYwZ‡Z †hŠbwgjb n‡ZB n‡e, Ggb †Kvb K_v †bB| Avcbv‡ì Rxe‡b GUv hw` Av‡MI ¸i“Z¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb K‡i _v‡K, Zvn‡j h_v mg‡qB IB Abyf~wZ Avevi wd‡i Avmvi m¤ ¢vebv Lye †ewkB| Avcbvi Rb¥ c~e©eZ©x hZœ m¤úwK©Z (Gw›UbvUvj †Kqvi) Gc‡q›U‡g›U¸‡jv m¤¢eZ cÖwZ Pvi mßvn c‡i c‡i n‡q G‡m‡Q, wKš‘ GLb G¸‡jv n‡Z cv‡i cÖwZ 15 w`b c‡i c‡i| GB mg‡q Avcwb nq‡Zv KvR Kiv eÜ K‡i w`‡q‡Qb| A‡bKUv GB mg‡qB A‡bK Gw›UbvUvj ev †c‡i›Uµ¨vd&U K¬vk (wkïi hZœ †bqvi Kjv‡KŠkj wk¶v `vb wfwËK K¬vk) ïi“ n‡q _v‡K (†`L yb c„ 64-65)|

37Zg mßv‡ni Av‡M Rb¥ †bqv wkï‡ì‡K ÕwcÖ-Uvg©Õ (†gqv`-c~e©eZ©x) ejv n‡q _v‡K (ÕwcÖg¨vwPIiÕ ejvi PvB‡Z GB kãwUB GLb †ewk eënvi Kiv n‡q _v‡K)| Zv‡ì‡K mvaviYZ nvmcvZv‡ji we‡kl (†¯úkvj) ev wbweo ZZ¡veavb wfwËK wkï (Bb‡Ubwmf †Kqvi †ewe BDwb‡U) BDwb‡U wKQyw`b ivLvi cÖ‡qvRb †`Lv †`q| Bb‡Ubwmf †Kqvi n‡”Q Zzjbvg~jK fv‡e †ewk Amy¯’ ev `ye©j wkï‡ì R‡b¨, hv‡ì †ewk cÖ‡qvRb †gwWK¨vj I bvwm©s mv‡cvU©|

• †hgb nIqv DwPZ, wcÖ-Uvg© wkï‡ì evwn¨Kfv‡e †`L‡Z Zvi †P‡qI fv‡jv †`Lvq| Z‡e †ewk Av‡M Rb¥ nIqvi Kvi‡Y mgm¨v _v‡K| Zv‡ì cÖavb Su ywK¸‡jvi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q, Bb‡dKkb I ¤^vm-cÖk ¦v‡mi RwUjZv|

• BbwKD‡eU‡ii (`ye©j wkï‡ì jvj‡bi R‡b¨ we‡kl ai‡Yi Ave× ev·) †fZ‡i B‡j‡±ªvWm (we`ÿren miÄvg) I wUD‡ei mv‡_ hy³ K‡i ivLv Avcbvi wkïwU Avm‡jB †h Avcbvi, Zv eyS‡Z cviv ‡ek KwVb n‡Z cv‡i| Avcbvi wkïwU hw` L ye †ewk Amy¯’ n‡q _v‡K, ev L ye †ewk wcÖ-Uv‡g©i n‡q _v‡K, Zvn‡j Av‡eMRwbZ w`K †_‡K L ye †ewk Nwbô nIqvi e¨vcv‡iI Avcwb wePwjZ _vK‡eb, m¤¢eZ GB f‡q †h, Avcbvi wkïwU †e u‡P bv-I _vK‡Z cv‡i|

• Zey Avcwb Avcbvi wkïi R‡b weivU wKQy Kivi ¶gZv

iv‡Lb| Ggb wK, me‡P‡q †QvÆ wcÖ-Uvg© wkï‡KI KL‡bv KL‡bv BbwKD‡eU‡ii evB‡i G‡b wKQy mg‡qi R‡b¨ Avwj½b K‡i Rwo‡q aiv hvq| BbwKD‡eU‡ii †fZ‡i ev evB‡i, †hLv‡bB †nvK, Avcbvi wkï‡K ¯úk© Kiv, Avì Kiv, Zvi mv‡_ K_v ejv ¸i“Z¡c~Y©| ÷vwW †_‡K †`Lv †M‡Q, G ai‡Yi fv‡jvevmvgq ms‡hvM †hme wkï †c‡q‡Q, Zv‡ì IRb Zzjbvg~jKfv‡e ZvovZvwo †e‡o‡Q| hZ ZvovZvwo Avcbvi c‡¶ m¤¢e nq, ZZ ZvovZvwo Avcbvi wkï‡K Nwbôfv‡e

Rwo‡q ai“b , Avcbvi kix‡ii mv‡_ Zvi kix‡ii ¯úk© hZ †ewk NU‡e, ZZB fv‡jv|

• Avcbvi wkïi h‡Zœi e vcv‡i †h me †gwkb eënvi Kiv n‡”Q, ÷vdiv †m m¤ú‡K© Avcbv‡K eywS‡q ej‡Z cvi‡eb| Gme miÄv‡gi †Kvb †KvbwU k¦vm-cÖk¦vm, kix‡ii ZvcgvÎv I ü`h‡š¿i mPjZvi nv‡ii (nvU© †iB‡Ui) g‡Zv kvixwiK mvov cÖ vb I Zvi Kvh©KvwiZv cwigv‡ci KvRUzKz gvÎ K‡i _v‡K|

• †Kvb †Kvb wkï G‡Zv †ewk †QvU ev `ye©j n‡Z cv‡i †h, ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv Zvi c‡¶ m¤¢e bv-I n‡Z cv‡i| Avcbvi hw` ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bvi B”Qv bv-I _v‡K, Zvn‡jI Avcbvi wcÖ-Uvg© wkïi R‡b¨ Avcbvi ey‡Ki `ya Zz‡j ivLvi R‡b¨ Avcbv‡K ejv n‡Z cv‡i| Avcbvi ¯Íb †_‡K msM„nxZ GB `ya Avcbvi wkï‡K †`qv n‡e cvb Kiv‡bvi GKwU bj (wdwWs wUDe) ev †QvU GKwU Kv‡ci mvnv‡h¨| Avcwb hw` ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bv Ae¨vnZ ivLvi cwiKíbv K‡i _v‡Kb, Zvn‡j Avcbvi ¯Í‡b Pvc w`‡q Gfv‡e `ya †ei K‡i †bqvi ga¨ w`‡q Avcbvi `ya mieivn eë¯’v Kvh©Ki ivLv m¤¢e n‡e| Avcwb nv‡Zi mvnv‡h¨ Pvc w`‡q ev GKwU B‡jw±ªK cv‡¤úi mvnv‡h¨ Gfv‡e `ya †ei K‡i wb‡Z cvi‡eb (†`L yb c„ 98)|

• cÖ_‡g Avcwb nq‡Zv Lye †ewk ya †c‡Z m¶g n‡eb bv, wKš‘ †QvÆ GKwU wkïi cÖ‡qvRb gvÎB Lye mvgvb¨ cwigv‡Yi `ya| Avcbvi `ya Lye g~jëvb (†`Lyb c„ 93), KviY, GB `y‡a †h Gw›UewWR Av‡Q, Zv Bb‡dKkb †gvKv‡ejvq Avcbvi wkï‡K mvnvh¨ K‡i _v‡K| cÖ_g w`b¸‡jv‡Z ¯Í‡b †h K‡jv‡÷ªvg Drcvw`Z n‡q _v‡K, Zv we‡kl fv‡e L yeB cywóKi|

AviI Z‡_ï R‡b¨ 67 bs c „ôv †`Lyb|

29

mßvnwfwËK Avcbvi Mf©ve¯’v †mKkb GK: Mf©ve¯’v

cÖ¯‘Z nIqv GB mßvn¸‡jv‡Z cÖwZ mßv‡n Avcbvi wkïi IRb evo‡Z _v‡K cÖvq 200 MÖvg (cÖvq mvZ AvDÝ) K‡i, †m eo n‡Z _v‡K Ges Zvi kix‡i Rg‡Z _v‡K AviI Pwe© |

• cÖvq 33Zg mßv‡ni ci Avcwb KL‡bv KL‡bv kix‡i K¤úb Abyfe Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| a‡i †bqv nq †h, IB mg‡q wkïi nvjKv ai‡Yi †n uPwK D‡V‡Q|

• 36Zg mßvn bvMv` Mf©vk‡q †ewki

fvM wkï (cÖvq kZKiv 95 fvM) gv_v wb‡Pi w`‡K w`‡q Ae¯’vb wb‡q _v‡K | GB cwRkbwU cephalic (wmdvwjK) wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ| wkï cÖ_g GB mg‡qB †cjwf‡m Gb‡MR nq (A_©vr, wkïi gv_vi me‡P‡q eo AvqZbwU †cjwf‡mi cÖvšÍ AwZµg K‡i ‡fZ‡i X y‡K hvq)| Zvi gv_v †b‡g hvq †cjwf‡mi g‡a¨| †mLv‡b Zv `„pfv‡e ms¯’vwcZ nq| wØZxq ev cieZ©x mšÍvb‡ì g‡a¨ Gb‡MR nIqvi cÖeYZv _v‡K †k‡li w`‡K (Gi KviY n‡”Q, †cjwfK nvo¸‡jv GKevi Mf©aviY I wkïi R‡b¥i

ci GKUz Ab¨ iKg fv‡e web¨¯Í (G‡iÄW) _v‡K| Gb‡MR‡g›U m¤ú‡K© AviI Z‡_ï R‡b¨ †`L yb c„ 32|

• 36Zg mßv‡n Avcbvi wkïi ‰`N ©¨ n‡”Q cÖvq 44 †mw›UwgUvi (18 BwÂ) Ges IRb 2500 MÖvg (cÖvq mv‡o cv uP cvDÛ)| Avcbvi e¨vM †MvQv‡bv:

wKQy gZvgZ Avcbvi cÖm‡ei cÖZ¨vwkZ w`‡bi K‡qK mßvn Av‡M cix¶v K‡i †`‡L wbb, nvmcvZv‡j wb‡q hvIqvi R‡b¨ ìKvwi wRwbm¸‡jv Avcbvi ‡MvQv‡bv i‡q‡Q wK-bv| wZbwU e¨vM mv‡_ wb‡j nq‡Zv Avcbvi DcKv‡i Avm‡eÑGKwU cÖme †e`bvi Kv‡j eënv‡ii R‡b¨, GKwU wkïi R‡b¥i cieZ©x mg‡qi R‡b¨ Ges Av‡iKwU evwo‡Z †divi mg‡qi R‡b¨| Avcbvi wgWIqvBd ev Gw›UbvUvj wK¬wbK Avcbv‡K GKwU civgk© ZvwjKv (mv‡Rkb PvU©) w`‡Z cv‡ib, hw` Zviv Zv bv w`‡q _v‡Kb, Zvn‡j GLv‡b †m iKg GKwU ZvwjKvi wKQy Ask †`qv n‡jv|

cÖ_g e¨vM (cÖme †e`bv)

• Avcwb I Avcbvi mw½i R‡b¨ nvjKv cvbxq I bvkZv RvZxq Lvevi (wWª¼ I mœ¨vKm)|

• fv‡jv wQwc (bRj) mn wgbv‡ij IqvUvi †¯cÖ ev GKwU c v›U †¯cÖ| VvÛv ivL‡Z GUv wd «‡R ivL yb (hw` nv‡Zi Kv‡Q wd «R †_‡K _v‡K)|

• Avcbvi g~L I Pvgov kxZj ivLvi R‡b¨ ywU †dBm K¬_ (gy‡Li Kvco)|

• Mv‡bi †Uc I GKwU K¨v‡mU †c qvi (e¨vUvwi PvwjZ)|

• gvwjk Kivi R‡b¨ ‡Zj ev nvjKv ewW †jvkb|

• _vigvj c¨vwKs‡q K‡i Lvevi ( Ggb ai‡Yi Lvevi, hv VvÛvi mgq evB‡i hvIqvi Kv‡j ev wcKwb‡K hvIqvi mgq Avcwb mv‡_ wb‡Z cv‡ib Ges hv gvB‡µvI‡q‡e Mig K‡i †bqvi Dchy³, G ai‡Yi _vigvj c¨vK K‡qK N›Uv hveZ Mig _v‡K| UvI‡q‡j K‡i Avcwb GUv gy‡o wb‡Z cv‡ib Ges wcV I cv‡qi e¨_v †_‡K †invB ‡c‡Z GB _vigvj c¨v‡Ki DËvc w`‡q IB ¯’vb¸‡jv‡Z †m uK †`qv hvq|

• iv‡Z c‡i N ygv‡bvi cyi‡bv †cvkvK (bvBU †Wªm) (ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bv †hb mnR nq, †mR‡b¨ mvg‡bi w`K †Lvjv n‡Z n‡e) ev cyi‡bv wU-kvU©|

• ‡Wªwms MvDb (†ive-wXjv Rvgv) Ges m¨v‡Ûj ev w¯ cvi (cv‡q civi Pàj)|

• K‡qK †Rvov †gvRv|

• Pz‡ji eªvk

• j¤^v Pzj †e u‡a ivLvi R‡b¨ †nqvi e¨vÛ

• cÖmvabx mvgMÖx (Uq‡jwUªR) I d¬¨v‡bj mn

Iqvk e¨vM|

• †dvb KvW©/K‡qb

N‡i mšÍvb cÖm‡ei cÖ ‘wZ Avcwb hw` N‡i mšÍvb cÖm‡ei cwiKíbv wb‡q _v‡Kb, Zvn‡j Avcbvi wkïi R‡b¥i cÖZ¨vwkZ Zvwi‡Li wKQy Av‡M Avcbvi wgWIqvBd GKwU †¯úkvj †Wwjfvwi c¨vK Avcbvi N‡i w`‡q hv‡eb|G‡Z †÷wij Kiv Kvco‡Pvco I †mvqv‡ei g‡Zv mvgMÖx _v‡K| R‡b¥i mgq wgWIqvBd Zvi wb‡Ri miÄvgmg~n wb‡q Avm‡eb| Zvi Kv‡Q wR‡Ám K‡i †R‡b wbb, Avcbvi c¶ †_‡K Zvi R‡b¨ †Kvb wRwb‡mi eë¯’v K‡i w`‡Z n‡e wKbv|

30

mßvn 33-36

wØZxq e¨vM (Rb¥ cieZ©x) cÖ‡kœi Reve

• ywU bvBU †Wªm (ey‡Ki ya LvIqv‡bvi myweav‡_© mvg‡bi w K †Lvjv _vK‡Z n‡e|

• w`‡b mn‡R civi g‡Zv Kvco‡Pvco (RwMs mÿ‡Ui g‡Zv)|

• eo, Av u‡Uvmv‡Uv ai‡Yi c¨v›U (†gUviwbwU c¨vW AvU‡K ivLvi Dc‡hvwM c¨v›U) mn AšÍe©vm (AvÛviIq¨vi) Ges bvwm©s eªv|

• †Zvqv‡j (UvI‡qj)|

• ‡gUviwbwU c¨vW ev ivwÎKvjxb m¨vwbUvwi c¨vW| (Rb¥ cieZ©x 24 N›Uvi R‡b¨ eo wWm‡cv‡Rej b¨vwc (eënv‡ii ci †d‡j †`qvi Dc‡hvwM) nq‡Zv fv‡jv KvR w`‡Z cv‡i|)

• ¯Í‡bi c¨vW (†eª÷ c¨vW) (Pz uB‡q ‡ei“‡bv K‡jv÷ªvg I `ya ï‡l †bqvi R‡b¨)|

• wUm y|

• ‡dvb KvW©/K‡qb • Uq‡jwUªR I Km‡gwU· • wkïi R‡b¨ b¨vwc

• covi g‡Zv †Kvb wKQy

• ‡bvU †ccvi, Kjg, ÷¨v¤ú I Gb‡fjvc

• wew¯‹‡Ui c¨v‡KU I Ab¨vb¨ mœ¨v·|

• d‡ji im/cvwb (d « zU Rym/wgbv‡ij IqvUvi)|

Z…Zxq e¨vM (N‡i hvevi R‡b¨)

• wkïi Kvco-†Pvco

• Avcbvi Kvco-†Pvco

cÖt Avgvi wgWIqvBd Avgv‡K e‡j‡Qb †h, Avgvi wkï posterior (†cv‡÷wiIi) cwRk‡b i‡q‡Q| wZwb e‡j‡Qb, G Kvi‡Y Avgvi Mf©aviYKvj `xN©Zi n‡Z cv‡i Ges m¤¢eZ Avgvi wc‡V e¨_v †`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i| †cv‡÷wiIi cwRkbwU wK Ges G e¨vcv‡i Avwg wK wKQy Ki‡Z cvwi?

Dt Avcbvi wkïi wcV hLb Avcbvi wc‡V fi w`‡q kvwqZ _v‡K, Zv‡K †cv‡÷wiIi cwRkb ejv nq| wVK GLbB GB cwRk‡b m¤ ¢eZ ‡Kvb Amyweav †bB, Z‡e cieZ©x‡Z, Avcbvi cÖme †e`bv hLb ïi“ n‡e, ZLb Avcbvi wkï‡K cy‡iv c_Uv Ny‡i mvg‡b wd‡i Avm‡Z n‡e| GB cwRk‡b _vKvKv‡j Zvi gv_vwU Avcbvi sacrum (†mµv‡g ev wc‡Vi wb‡Pi w`K) -G Pvc w`‡Z _v‡K, G Kvi‡Y Avcbvi wc‡V e¨_vi m „wó n‡Z cv‡i| hv‡nvK, Avcbvi wkïi R‡b¥i Av‡M Avcbvi wKQy KiYxq i‡q‡Q, hv Kv‡R jvM‡Z cv‡i|

cÖvq 36Zg mßvn †_‡K Avcwb nq‡Zv hLbB cvi‡eb, ZLbB mvg‡b Suy‡K _vKvi †Póv Ki‡Z PvB‡Z cv‡ib| GUv Avcbvi wkï‡K N y‡i hvIqvi e¨vcv‡i mvnvh¨ Ki‡Z cv‡i, hv‡Z Zvi gv_v Avcbvi †cjwf‡m Avkªq wb‡q †bqvi Av‡MB Zvi wcV G‡m hvq Avcbvi mvg‡bi w`‡K| (cÖZ¨vkv n‡”Q, GUv hw` Avcbvi cÖ_g wkï n‡q _v‡K, Zvn‡j Zvi wcV Avcbvi evg w`‡K _vKv DwPZ|)

†h KvR¸‡jv Avcwb Ki‡Z cv‡ib:

• Avcbvi nv uUz Avcbvi †Kvg‡ii PvB‡Z wbPz‡Z iv L yb| • Avcbvi †c‡Ui †P‡q D uPz‡Z ivL yb Avcbvi wcV|

hLbB Avcwb †Uwjwfk‡bi mvg‡b Avivg Ki‡Z em‡eb, Z Lb GKwU web e¨v‡Mi Ici fi w`‡q _vKzb ev KvD‡Pi Ic‡i ï‡q _vKzb Avcbvi evg w`‡Ki Ici fi w`‡q| Mvwo Pvjv‡bvi mgq Avcwb Avcbvi wbZ‡¤î †cQ‡bi w`‡K †QvU GKwU Kzkb ¸ u‡R w`‡q ivL‡Z cv‡ib| Avcbvi hw` nv uUz ivLvi eë¯’vmn A½w¯’wZg~jK (cmPvi) Avmb (wmU) _v‡K, Zvn‡j h‡Zv †ewk cv‡ib, Zv eënvi Ki“b| Avcbvi cmPvi wm‡U kix‡ii A½-cÖZ¨½¸‡jv‡K mvgÄm¨c~Y© ivLvi GB eë¯’v Avcbvi wkï‡K wVK c‡_ †Nvivi e¨vcv‡i DrmvwnZ Ki‡Z cv‡i|

Avcbvi GKwU Kvi mxU ìKvi n‡e N‡i †divi mgq

31

mßvn wfwËK Avcbvi Mf©ve¯’v †mKkbGK: Mf©ve¯’v

R‡b¥i w`b ch©šÍ ‡k‡li GB mßvn¸‡jv g‡b n‡Z cv‡i L ye ax‡i cvi n‡”Q| GUv a‡i †b‡eb bv †h, wbw`©ó GKwU w`‡b Avcbvi wkïi f~wgô nIqv wbwðZÑG iKg ÕwWDÕ Zvwi‡Li c‡i A‡bK wkïB f~wgô n‡q _v‡K| • 36Zg mßv‡ni c‡i ev GiKg GKUv

mg‡q Avcbvi wkïi gv_v †cjwf‡mi †ek †fZ‡i ch©šÍ †b‡g †h‡Z cv‡i| GUv‡K ejv nq ÕGb‡MR‡g›UÕ (wb‡P †`L yb)| GLb Avcwb nq‡Zv Abyfe Ki‡Z cvi‡eb †h, k ¦vm ‡bqv Av‡Mi Zzjbvq †ek mnR n‡q‡Q, KviY, Avcbvi Mf©vkq GLb Avcbvi Wvqvd «v‡gi (cvK¯’jxi Ic‡ii Ask Ry‡o we¯ —…Z gvsm †cwki) Ici Pvc Kg w`‡”Q| GR‡b¨B Avcbvi †h †e`bv‡eva (†mb‡mkb) n‡e, Zv‡K ÕjvB‡UwbsÕ †ek nvjKv n‡q Avmv) ejv n‡”Q|

• Mf©ve ’vi G‡Zv †kl ch©v‡q G‡m Avcwb m¤¢eZ wewfbœ ai‡Yi bovPov Abyfe Ki‡Z cvi‡eb, KviY, wkïi R‡b¨ w_D‡Uiv‡m RvqMv wU Lye †QvU| bovPov¸‡jv A‡bK¸‡jv †QvU †QvU cv †Qv uovQywoi †P‡q eis ÕeoÕ ai‡Yi e‡jB ‡ewk g‡b n‡Z cv‡i| Avcbvi wkïi GLb Lye ¯^vfvweK fv‡eB Nygv‡bv I †R‡M _vKvi mgq wba©vwiZ i‡q‡Q| ZvB hLb bovPov †evSv hv‡e bv, ZLb a‡i †bqv †h‡Z cv‡i, GUv nq‡Zv GKUz j¤^v mgq a‡i wkïi Nywg‡q _vKvi †ewk Avi wKQy bq| hv‡nvK, †ek K‡qK N›Uv a‡i Avcwb hw` wkïi bovPov Abyfe Ki‡Z bv cv‡ib, Zvn‡j nvmcvZvj, wgWIqvBd ev Wv³v‡ii mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM Ki“b|

• cy‡iv mgq a‡iB wkïi dzmdzm c~Y©ZvcÖvß n‡q P‡j‡Q, Ges nvjKv fv‡e k ¦vm †bqv I Qvovi g‡Zv bovPov †m

Mf©ve¯’vi †kl `yB mßv‡n Af¨vm K‡i‡Q| Avcbvi wkïi c~Y©ZvcÖvwßi P~ovšÍ ce© GLb ïi“ cv‡i| GB mg‡q wkï‡ì Mo IRb n‡q _v‡K 3 †_‡K 4 †KwR (cÖvq 6

Gb‡MR‡g›U

†_‡K 8 cvDÛ) Ges ˆ`N ©¨ cÖvq 50 †_‡K 60 †mw›UwgUvi (mv‡o 19 †_‡K mv‡o 23 BwÂ)|

• gv_vi Gb‡MR‡g‡›Ui A_© wkïi gv_vi me©e„nr AvqZbwU †cjwf‡Ki cÖvšÍmxgv brim (ÕweªgÕ) AwZµg K‡i‡Q| Gi A_© n‡”Q, wkï †cjwf‡mi g‡a¨ gvcg‡Zv ¯’vb jv‡f m¶g n‡e Ges cÖme m¤¢e nIqv DwPZ ¯^vfvweK fv‡e| GUv L ye mn‡RB n‡q _v‡K, hLb wkïi gv_vi Pv uw` cÖ_‡g †ei“‡Z _v‡K Ges gv_v hLb †Kv uKov Pz‡j †ek fv‡jvfv‡e XvKv c‡o‡Q| e¨vcviwU hw` GiKg bv nq Ges wkïi gv_v hw` †cv‡÷wiIi cwRk‡b _v‡K (†` L yb c„ 31), Ges Ggb wK hw` 'fyi“Õ ev ÕgyLÕ †`Lv †h‡Z _v‡K, Zvn‡j Zvi A_©, gv_v †cjwf‡m gvcg‡Zv n‡Z cvi‡e bv|

• A‡bK †¶‡Î, we‡kl K‡i †cv‡÷wiIi cwRk‡b Ges wØZxq ev cieZx© wkïi Rb¥Kv‡j, hLb cÖme †e`bv ïi“ nq, ZLb wkïi gv_v Nyi‡Z _vK‡e, Ges NyicvK †L‡Z _vK‡e ms‡KvPb-cÖmvi‡Yi (KÈªvKk‡bi) cÖfv‡e| Gi A_© n‡”Q, wkïi gv_v †cjwf‡mi g‡a¨ gvcg‡Zv n‡e Ges ¯^vfvweK Rb¥ ZLb m¤¢e n‡e| GR‡b¨B ‡ewki fvM †¶‡Î, wkïi gv_vi R‡b¨ †cjwfm Lye †ewk †QvU n‡j ev Gi AvKvi h_v_© bv n‡j, AmvgÄm¨ N‡U‡Q e‡j a‡i †bqvi PvB‡Z, eis, cÖme †e`bvi mgq wK N‡U, Zv †`‡L †bqvUv fv‡jv (ÕcÖme †e`bvi Øviv cix¶v K‡i †bqvÕ) Ges †mB mv‡_ wmRvwiqvb Kivi cwiKíbv KivI DËg| KL‡bv KL‡bv Aek¨, wkïi gv_v Nyi‡Z _vK‡e bv ev †cjwfm wbwðZfv‡eB L ye †QvU n‡q _vK‡e Ges wmRvwiqvb Kiv‡bv ìKvi co‡e|

32

mßvn 37Ñ40 I cieZ©x

G¸‡jv wK mwZ¨Kv‡ii ms‡KvPb (KÈªvKkb)?

cÖ‡kœi Reve

kw³kvwj GK ¸”Q Av ukhy³ (dvBevi) gvsm†cwki gva¨‡g Mf©vkq MwVZ n‡q _v‡K, Ges Mf©ve¯’vi me mg‡qB GUv msKzwPZ n‡q _v‡K| Mf©ve¯’vi †kl ch©v‡q bv ‡cŠuQv ch©šÍ Avcwb nq‡Zv G e¨vcviwU eyS‡Z cvi‡eb bv (28Zg mßvn †_‡K ïi“ K‡i †kl ch©šÍ)| Gi ci ms‡KvPb KÈ ªvKkb) L ye fv‡jvfv‡eB ‡Lqvj n‡e| G¸‡jv‡K ejv nq, Braxton Hicks (eª¨v·Ub wnKm), Ges GUv‡K mn‡RB cÖme †e`bv e‡j fyj Kiv n‡Z cv‡i|

Avcwb Abyfe Ki‡eb, Avcbvi Zj‡cU k³ †VK‡Q Ges ai“b, Avcwb ev‡_ i‡q‡Qb, †`L‡eb, Zj‡cU k³ n‡q Av‡Q Ges K‡qK †m‡KÛ a‡i Zv LvgwP a‡i i‡q‡Q| cÖme †e`bvi mgq †h ai‡Yi KÈ ªvKkb n‡q _v‡K, eª¨v·Ub wnKm KÈ ªvKkb †m iK‡gi bq, GUvi ¯’vwqZ¡, e¨vcKZv I cybive„wË ev‡o bv| G¸‡jv n‡q _v‡K Kg mgq a‡i, ‡_‡g †_‡g Zv Av‡m-hvq| G iKg nIqvi mgq cy‡iv welqwU j¶¨ ivL‡eb Ges GUv Avmj NUbv wK-bv, Zv ey‡S DV‡Z GB wnmve ivLv Avcbv‡K mvnvh¨ Ki‡e|

mßvn 40

cÖt Avgvi wkï breech (weªP)| Gi A_© wK? Dt Gi A_© n‡jv, Avcbvi wkï Mf©vk‡q ï‡q Av‡Q gv_v Ic‡ii w`‡K K‡i| cÖ_g f~wg ô

n‡e Zvi kix‡ii †h Ask, †mwU n‡e m¤ ¢eZ Zvi wb‡Pi Ask| GwUB †ewi‡q Avmvi Ask (†cÖ‡Rw›Us cvU©)| gv‡S-g‡a¨, GKwU cv †mwå‡·i (Mf©vk‡qi wb‡Pi Ask) me‡P‡q wbKUeZ©x n‡q _v‡K (GUv dzUwj ¼ weªP wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ)|

wkï ï‡q _vK‡Z cv‡i nv uUz fv uR K‡i, cÖvq ÕAvovAvwoÕ K‡i _vKvi g‡Zv ev Zvi cv †mvRvmywR Dc‡i gy‡Li w`‡K K‡i ivLv _vK‡Z cv‡i| GUv cwiwPZ Õd « v¼ weªPÕ wn‡m‡e|

cÖt breech (weªP) Ae¯’vb wK †ek mvaviY welq?

Dt Mf©ve¯’vi 30Zg mßv‡n cÖvq kZKiv 20 fvM wkï weªP cwRk‡b †_‡K _v‡K| cÖm‡ei mgq Nwb‡q Avmvi mv‡_ mv‡_, GB nvi †b‡g Av‡m wZb kZvs‡k| A‡bK wkï gv_v wbPz K‡i _vKv vertex (†fi‡U·) cwRk‡b P‡j hvq wb‡R wb‡RB|

cÖt Gi A_© wK?

Dt Mf © ve¯ ’ vi 37Zg mßv‡nI †h me wkï weªP cwRk‡b i‡q †M‡Q, Zviv wb‡R wb‡R Ny‡i bv-I †h‡Z cv‡i| Wv³vi‡ì †KD †KD Zv‡ì‡K Nywi‡q †bqvi †Póv Kivi D‡Ï‡k¨ Kzkjx GKUv †Póv Pvjv‡eb, GUv‡K external cephalic version (ECV) (G·Uvb©vj †mdvwjK fvm©b ev Bwmwf) ejv n‡q _v‡K| Bwmwf mvaviYZ 37Zg mßv‡ni /†gqv‡ì Av‡M Kiv nq bv|

cÖt Avgvi wK Caesarean (wmRvwiqb)-Gi ìKvi n‡e?

Dt GUvi ìKvi n‡eB, Ggb †Kvb K_v †bB| †Kvb †Kvb avwÎwe`¨vwekvi` (Aem‡UwUªwmqvb) weªP wkï‡ì wmRvwiqv‡bi gva¨‡g †ei K‡i Avbv cÖ‡qvRbxq e‡j g‡b K‡i _v‡Kb, Z‡e G iKg A‡bK wkïB †hvwbc‡_B Rb¥ MÖnY K‡i _v‡K| Avcbvi wgWIqvBd I Kbmvj‡U‡›Ui mv‡_ G wb‡q K_v ejyb|

cÖt Avgvi Caesarean (wmRvwiqb) nIqvi m¤¢vebv †Kb †ewk?

Dt wkïi kix‡ii me‡P‡q eo Ask n‡”Q Zvi gv_v, Ges gv‡qi †cjwf‡mi R‡b¨ Zvi gv_v hw` †ewk eo n‡q _v‡K, Zvn‡j †m IB Ask AwZµg K‡i †h‡Z cvi‡e bv| wkïi gv_v hw` cÖ_‡g ‡ei“‡Z _v‡K, Zvn‡j cÖme †e`bvi mgq mgm¨vwU ¯úó n‡q DV‡e| Z‡e wkïwU hw` weªP cwRk‡b _v‡K, Zvn‡j Zvi wb‡Pi Ask , hv gv_vi Zzjbvq †QvU, ‡mUv †cjwfm ‡cwi‡q nq‡Zv P‡j Avm‡Z cvi‡e, Z‡e GUv Rvbv Lye gykwKj n‡e †h, wkïi gv_vI wbivc‡` †ewi‡q Avm‡Z cvi‡e wK cvi‡e bv Ges wbwðZ nIqv hv‡e bv †h, gv_vwU ¶wZMÖ¯Í n‡e bv| GB Kvi‡YB, wkïi gv_v gvc g‡Zv n‡e wKbv, Zv wb‡q Aem‡UwUªwkqvb‡ì g‡ b †Kvb D‡Ø‡Mi m „wó n‡j, Zviv ÕcÖme †e`bvi mgqKvjxb cix¶v Õ (ÕUªvqvj Ae †jeviÕ) Pvjvevi civgk© w`‡Z Awb”QyK _v‡Kb|

33


‡Kv_vq I wK PvB‡Z cv‡ib Avcbvi Gw›UbvUvj †Kqv‡ii j¶¨ n‡”Q, GUv cix¶v K‡i †`Lv †h, Avcwb I Avcbvi wkï fv‡jv i‡q‡Qb Ges †Kvb mgm¨v †_‡K _vK‡j Zv ¸i“Zi n‡q IVvi Av‡MB Zvi cÖwZ g‡bv‡hvM †`qvI Gi j¶¨|

†Kv_vq? Avcwb m¤¢eZ 8 †_‡K 15wU Gc‡q›U‡g›U †c‡Z cv‡ib| Gi g‡a¨ K‡qKwU n‡Z cv‡i nvmcvZv‡ji Gw›UbvUvj wK¬wb‡K, Z‡e †ewki fvMB n‡e wgWIqvBd ev wRwci wK¬wb‡K ev N‡i| wK n‡Z cv‡i? eywKs Gc‡q›U‡g›U n‡”Q cÖ_g cÖavb Gc‡q›U‡g›U| GUv mvaviYZ n‡q _v‡K 8 †_‡K 12 mßv‡ni mg‡q| Avcbvi ¯^v¯’¨ m¤úwK©Z wPÎwU fv‡jvfv‡e cvIqvi R‡b¨ Avcbv‡K A‡bK cÖkœ wR‡Ám Kiv n‡e| Avcbvi Kv‡Q Rvb‡Z PvIqv n‡e, Avcbvi wkïi Rb¥ †Kv_vq †nvK Avcwb Pvb, hv‡Z K‡i Avcbvi R‡b¨ GKwU ¯’vb eyK K‡i ivLv †h‡Z cv‡i (†`L yb c„ 47)| Avcwb c‡i Avcbvi gb cwieZ©b Ki‡Z PvB‡j Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

Avcwb wb‡RI cÖkœ wR‡Ám Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| Avcwb wK Rvb‡Z Pvb, †mUv ey‡S ‡bqvi R‡b¨ GUv GKwU ¸i“Z¡c~Y©

Avcbvi †iKW©mg~n

my‡hvM| (Gw›UbvUvj K¬vk m¤ú‡K© Z‡_ï R‡b¨ †`L yb c„ 64|)

Avcbvi Gw›UbvUvj †Kqv‡ii wjwLZ †iKW© n‡”Q Avcbvi †bvU| Av‡M KL‡bv Mf©eZx n‡q _vK‡j †m e¨vcv‡i Ges Avcbvi †Kqv‡ii mv‡_ hy³ ¯^v¯’¨ welqK †ckvRxex‡ì †h †Kvb R‡bi wPwV G‡Z AšÍf©y³ _v‡K| †h †Kvb cix¶vi †iRvëI G‡Z AšÍf©y³ K‡i ivLv nq| Avcbvi †bvU Avcwb wb‡Ri Kv‡Q ivL‡Z cv‡ib, Z‡e Zv Wv³vi, wgWIqvBd ev nvmcvZv‡ji wK¬wb‡K _vK‡Z cv‡i| †bv‡Ui cwie‡Z© Avcwb †kqviW †Kqvi KvW© †P‡q wb‡Z cv‡ib| GUv Avcbvi †bv‡Ui ¶z`ª ms¯‹iY, G‡Z _v‡K Avcwb I Avcbvi Mf©ve¯’v m¤ú‡K© †gŠwjK Z_¨mg~n| hZeviB Avcwb GKwU Gw›UbvUvj Gc‡q›U‡g‡›U hv‡eb, ZZeviB †h †nj_ cÖ‡dkbvj Avcbv‡K †`L‡eb, wZwb Zvi ch©‡e¶Y (AeRv‡f©kb) IB Kv‡W© †iKW© Ki‡eb Ges Zv‡Z wb‡Ri ¯^v¶i †`‡eb| nVvr hw` GKRb Wv³vi ev wgWIqvB‡di civgk© Avcbvi cÖ‡qvRb nq, †m Kvi‡Y hZ¶‡Yi R‡b¨B Avcwb N‡ii evB‡i hvb bv †Kb, Avcbvi †bvU/KvW© mv‡_ wb‡q hv‡eb| Avcbvi †bv‡Ui c~Y©v½ Kwc wkïi R‡b¥i Av‡M ev c‡i ‡h †Kvb mgq †`Lvi AwaKvi Avcbvi i‡q‡Q|

34

Gw›UbvUvj †Kqvi

†h me k‡ãi gy‡LvgywL Avcwb n‡Z cv‡ib

Zzjvg~jKfv‡e †ewk eëüZ wKQy kã GLv‡b †`qv n‡jv, †h¸‡jv Avcwb Avcbvi ‡bvU †`Lvi mgq co‡Z cv‡ib ev Ab¨‡ì‡K ej‡Z ïb‡Z cv‡ib :

ABORTION:G‡evikb (Mf©cvZ) †h †Kvb Mf©ve¯’v, hv †kl n‡q hvq 24 mßvn cy‡iv nIqvi Av‡M| Mf©mªve (wgmK¨v‡iR)-†K KL‡bv KL‡bv Õ¯^Z:ù‚Z© Mf©cvZÕ ejv n‡q _v‡K| AFP (GGdwc): Avjdv‡d‡Uv‡cÖvwUb| Mf©eZx gwnjv‡ì i‡³ GB Dcv`vbwU †_‡K _v‡K| ¯vfvwe‡Ki PvB‡Z Gi gvÎv „k¨Z †ewk ev Kg nIqvi A_© GUv n‡Z cv‡i †h, AviI †U÷ K‡i † Lvi cÖ‡qvRb i‡q‡Q (†`Lyb c„ 41-43)| ALB (GGjwe): Gjeywgb,†cÖvwU‡bi GKwU Dcv`vb| Avcbvi cÖmªv‡ei Gjeywgb cix¶v K‡i †`Lv n‡Z cv‡i, KviY, GUv wcÖ-GKwj¤úwkqvi (g„wM‡iv‡Mi c~e© j¶Y) j¶Y n‡Z cv‡i (†`L yb c„ 55-56)| AMNIOTIC FLUID (Ggbv‡qvwUK d¬zBW): KL‡bv KL‡bv AwfwnZ n‡q _v‡K wjKvi (D”PviY ÕwjB-†KvIqviÕ) wn‡m‡e| ANTENATAL (Gw›UbvUvj): Rb¥ c~e©eZ©x| APH (GwcGBP): Gw›UcviUvg †n‡gv‡iRÑRb¥ c~e©eZ©x i³cvZ|

BR (weAvi): weªP Ae¯’vb| Mf©¯’ GKwU wkï, †h ‡cQ‡bi Ici fi K‡i ev cv wb‡Pi w`‡K †i‡L ï‡q Av‡Q (Mf©ve¯’vi †kl ch©vq bv Avmv ch©šÍ †ewki fvM wkï GB cwRk‡bB _v‡K)| CEPH (wmBwcGBP): †mdvwjK| GKwU wkïi Ae¯’vb, ‡h Mf©vk‡q ï‡q Av‡Q gv_v wb‡Pi w`‡K †i‡L| DIAPHRAGM (Wvqvd «vg): GK ai‡Yi gvsm†cwk, hv cvK¯’jxi Ic‡ii As‡k I dzmdz‡mi wb‡P i‡q‡Q (wkï‡K †V‡j †ei K‡i †`qvi mgq mwµq _v‡K) ECTOPIC PREGNANCY (GK‡UvwcK Mf©ve¯’v): BD‡Uiv‡mi evB‡i Ab¨ †Kv_vI †h Mf©ve¯’v weKwkZ n‡Z _v‡K, mvaviYZ Zv N‡U _v‡K †d‡jvwcqvb wUD‡e| GB Mf©ve¯’vi Aek¨B mgvwß Uvb‡Z n‡e, KviY GUv gv‡qi R‡b¨ wec`RbK| EDD (BwWwW): G·‡c‡±W †WBU Ae †Wwjfvwi, A_©vr cÖm‡ei cÖZ¨vwkZ ZvwiL| ENG (BGbwR): Gb‡MRW| Gi A_© n‡”Q, wkïi gv_vi me‡P‡q eo e¨vm (WvqvwgUvi) †cjwfK ÕweªgÕ (cÖvšÍ) AwZµg K‡i‡Q| EPISIOTOMY (Bwcwm‡qvUwg): †cwiwbqvg (†hvwbc_ I gjØv‡ii gaëZ©x Pvgov) ‡K‡U †`qv, hv‡Z wkï Rb¥ MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i AviI `ª“ZZvi mv‡_ (†`Lyb c„ 81)|

FETUS (†dUvm): R‡b¥i Av‡M wkïi R‡b¨ †gwWK¨vj Uvg©, A_©vr, wkï ZL‡bv BD‡Uiv‡m i‡q‡Q| FH (GdGBP): †dUvj nvU© (Mf©¯’ wkïi ü`h‡š¿i aŸwb)| Avcbvi †bv‡U Avcwb nq‡Zv †`‡L‡Qb, ÕGdGBP nvW©Õ (ÕGdGBP †kvbv ‡M‡QÕ) ev GdGBPGBP- G iKg †jLv i‡q‡Q| Gi A_© n‡”Q, Avcbvi wkïi nvU©weU ïb‡Z cvIqv †M‡Q| FM (GdGg):

‡dUvj gyf‡g›U (Mf©¯’ wkïi bovPov)| Avcbvi †bv‡U Avcwb nq‡Zv †`‡L‡Qb, ÕGdGg †dëÕ ev ÕGdGgGdÕ-G K_v †jLv i‡q‡Q| Gi A_© n‡”Q, Avcbvi wkïi bovPov Abyfe Kiv †M‡Q|

FUNDUS (dvbWvm): BD‡Uiv‡mi Ic‡ii Ask| dvbWvj D”PZv n‡”Q BD‡Uiv‡mi Dc‡ii Ask I wcDweK nv‡oi ga¨Kvi `~iZ¡| GUv Mf©ve¯’vi ZvwiL wba©viY I wkïi e„w× g~j¨vqb Kivi e¨vcv‡i mvnvh¨ K‡i _v‡K| Hb (GBPwe): wn‡gv‡M v‡web| i‡³ Avqi‡bi gvÎv Rvwb‡q _v‡K| GUv hw` ¸i“Zi Kg n‡q _v‡K, Zvn‡j eyS‡Z n‡e i³k~b¨Zv (Gwbwgqvi) ‡`Lv w`‡q‡Q| HYPERTENSION (nvBcvi‡Ubkb): D”P i³ Pvc| HYPOTENSION (nvB‡cv‡Ubkb): wbgœ i³ Pvc| LIE (ï‡q _vKvi cwRkb): BD‡Uiv‡m wkïi Ae¯’vb| Avcwb nq‡Zv †`L‡eb Õjs jvBÕ ev ÕGjGjÕ †jLv, hvi A_©

35

longitudinal lie (jw½wUDwWbvj jvB-BD‡Uiv‡m (A_©vr, Mf©vk‡q wkïi †mvRvmywR Dci-wbP Ae¯’vb)| MULTIGRAVIDA (gvwëMÖvwfWv): Av‡M AšÍZ GKevi Me©eZx n‡qQb, Ggb gwnjv|

MULTIPARA (gvwëcviv): KL‡bv KL‡bv ÕgvwëcÕ ejv nq| Av‡M AšÍZ GKevi mšÍvb cÖme K‡i‡Qb, Ggb gwnjv‡K GUv ejv nq| GKRb ÕMÖ¨vÛ gvwëcvivÕ n‡”Qb †mB gwnjv, whwb AšÍZ PviwU wkï cÖme K‡i‡Qb|

NAD (GbGwW): Õbvw_s Gebigvj wW‡UK‡UWÕ, †jLv n‡q _v‡K hLb Wv³vi ev wgWIqvBd †Kvb mgm¨v †`L‡Z cvb bv|

OCCIPITO ANTERIOR (Awmwc‡Uv G‡›UwiIi) wkïi gv_vi †cQ‡bi Ask Avcbvi mvg‡bi w`‡K| Avcwb nq‡Zv Avcbvi †bv‡U †jLv †`‡Lb ÕGjIGÕ ev ÕAviIGÕ, Gi A_© '†jdU (ev ivBU) Awmwc‡Uv G‡›UwiIi Õ| Gi ga¨ w`‡q GUv eY©bv Kiv nq †h, gv_vi †cQ‡bi Ask evg w`‡K bvwK Wvb w`‡K i‡q‡Q| Kg cÖme †e`bv I Zzjbvg~jKfv‡e mn‡R Rb¥ MÖn‡Yi e¨vcv‡i GjIG mvaviYZ me‡P‡q †miv cwRkb|

OCCIPITO POSTERIOR (Awmwc‡Uv †cv‡÷wiIi): wkïi gv_vi †cQ‡bi w`K Avcbvi wc‡Vi w`‡K| GjIwc Ges AviIwc ‡jLv n‡q _v‡K ev‡g ev Wv‡b cwRkb, GUv †evSv‡Z|

OEDEMA (IwWgv): cvwb R‡g hvIqv, †h Kvi‡Y Avcbvi cv‡qi †Mvovwj, AvO yj I Ab¨vb¨ ¯’vb dz‡j †h‡Z cv‡i| PALPATION (cvj‡ckb): wgWIqvBd ev Wv³vi hLb Avcbvi Zj‡c‡Ui Ic‡i nvZ eywj‡q wkï‡K Abyfe K‡ib| PERINEUM (‡cwiwbqvg): ‡hvwbc_ I gjØv‡i gaëZ©x ¯’v‡b Pvgovi Ask| PIH (wcAvBGBP): †ccÖMb¨vwÝ-BbwWDmW nvBcvi‡Ubkb (Mf©ve¯’vi Kvi‡Y D”P i³ Pvc) (†`L „b c„ 39)| PLACENTA PRAEVIA (c¨v‡m›Uv wcwfqv): dzj hLb wb‡P †b‡g Av‡m| KL‡bv KL‡bv GUv †miwf· †X‡K †d‡j Ges wkïi †ewi‡q Avmvi c_ eÜ K‡i †`q|

POSTNATAL (†cv÷bvUvj): Rb¥ cieZ©x|

PRESENTATION (‡cÖ‡R‡›Ukb): wkïi Ae¯’vb, GUv ej‡Z †evSv‡bv n‡”Q '†cÖ‡Rw›Us cvU©Õ-A_©vr, wkïi kix‡ii †h Ask cÖ_‡g f~wgô n‡e (mvaviYZ fvi‡U·, ev gv_vi †cQ‡bi Ask)| PRE-TERM (wcÖ-Uvg)©: Mf©ve¯’vi 37Zg mßv‡ni Av‡M Rb¥ nIqv|

PRIMIGRAVIDA (cÖvBwgMÖvwfWv): cÖ_gev‡ii g‡Zv Mf©eZx gwnjv|

PRIMIPARA (cÖvBwgcviv): KL‡bv KL‡bv ÕcÖvBgÕ ev ÕcÖvBwgcÕ ejv n‡q _v‡K-whwb cÖ_gev‡ii g‡Zv cÖme Ki‡Z hv‡”Qb| QUICKENING (KzB‡Kwbs): Avcwb Abyfe Ki‡Z cv‡ib, wkïi Ggb cÖ_g bovPov¸‡jv (†`L yb c„ 22)| Rh (AviGBP): wkïi i‡³i RwUjZv (†`L yb c„ 22)| SUTURE (kÿUzi): wkïi gv_vq nvo¸‡jvi gaëZ©x ¯’vbmg~n| TERM (Uvg©): †kl †gÝUªqvj wcwiq‡Wi cÖ_g w`b †_‡K 40 mßvn (ev KvQvKvwQ mgq) VE (wfB): †hvwbc‡_i cix¶v

VENTOUSE (‡fbUvDR): f¨vKzqvg G·UªvKkb (†`L yb c„ 80-81) VX (fvi‡U·): wkïi gv_vi Pvuw`|

36

hv‡ì mv‡_ Avcbvi †`Lv n‡e

Avcbvi Ges Avcbvi wkïi hZœ nvmcvZv‡j Gw›UbvUvj †Kqv‡ii mgq Ges Avcwb hw` †mLv‡b Avcbvi wkïi Rb¥ MÖn‡Yi cwiKíbv K‡i _v‡Kb, Zvn‡j †mLv‡b wewfbœ ai‡Yi A‡bK ¯^v¯’¨ †ckvRxex (†nj_ cÖ‡dkbvj) I Kg©iZ AAiI A‡b‡Ki mv‡_ Avcbvi mv¶vr n‡Z cv‡i| Zviv Kviv Ges Zv‡ì KvR wK GLv‡b Zv Zz‡j aiv n‡jv:

wgWIqvBd — ¯^vfvweK Mf©ve¯’vKv‡j I wkïR‡b¥i mgq Ges Rb¥-cieZ©x wKQyw`b ch©šÍ gv I wkïi hZœ †bqvi R‡b¨ cÖwkw¶Z| D‡j L‡hvM¨ ai‡Yi mgm¨vejx eyS‡Z cvivi e¨vcv‡i wgWIqvBd‡ì‡K cÖwk¶Y †`qv nq| nvmcvZv‡ji wgWIqvBd i‡q‡Qb, †Zgwb i‡q‡Qb KwgDwbwU wgWIqvBdI, hviv nvmcvZv‡ji evB‡i KvR K‡i _v‡Kb| KwgDwbwU wgWIqvBd wkïi R‡b¥i Av‡M Avcbv‡K Avcbvi N‡i wM‡q †`L‡Z cv‡ib, Ges wkïi R‡b¥i ci Aek¨B N‡i wM‡q Avcbv‡K †`L‡eb|

Avcbvi hZœ MÖnY

obstetrician (Aem‡UwUªwkqvb) Mf©ve¯’v I wkï-Rb¥ m¤úwK©Z we‡klÁ Wv³vi| Avcbvi Mf©ve¯’v ev wkï-Rb¥ wb‡q †Kvb mgm¨v †`Lv w`‡j GKRb Aem‡UwUªwkqvb ev Aem‡UwUªKm wel‡q cÖwk¶YiZ Av‡iKRb cÖwk¶YcÖvß (†KvqvwjdvBW) Wv³vi‡K Avcwb †`L‡Z cv‡ib| me wKQy wVKVvK g‡Zv Pj‡jI Zv‡ì †`L‡Z cv‡ib Avcwb|

GP/family doctor (wRwc/d¨vwgwj Wv³vi)— Ggb GKRb Wv³vi, hvi nq‡Zv evowZ †Kvqvwjwd‡KkbI i‡q‡Q Aem‡UwUªKm wel‡q| Avcwb hw` Pvb, Zvn‡j Mf©ve¯’vq Avcbvi h‡Zœi `vwqZ¡wU (†gUviwbwU †Kqvi) Dchy³ cÖwk¶YcÖv ß GKRb wRwci Kv‡Q b¨¯Í Ki‡Z cv‡ib| Avcwb GKRb wRwc †iwR÷ªvi‡KI †`L‡Z cv‡ib, wZwb GKRb †KvqvwjdvBW Wv³vi Ges †Rbv‡ij cÖ¨vKwU‡m Zvi AwfÁZv i‡q‡Q|

health visitor (†nj_ wfwRUi)— GKRb bvm©, wkïi weKvk I I ¯^v¯’¨ myi¶v m¤ú‡K© whwb evowZ cÖwk¶Y MÖnY K‡i‡Qb Ges whwb nq GKRb wRwci mv‡_ KvR K‡ib A_ev KvR K‡i _v‡Kb wbw`©ó GKwU wel‡q| wZwb gv Ges Zvi cv uP eQ‡ii Kg eqmx wkï‡ì‡K mnvqZv I civgk© w`‡q _v‡Kb| wkïi R‡b¥i ciciB Zvi ¯^v¯’¨ I †e‡o IVvi e¨vcv‡i wZwbB Avcbvi me Z‡_ï cÖavb D rm| Avcwb Avcbvi †nj_ wfwRU‡ii mv‡_ †`Lv Ki‡Z cv‡ib †ewe wK¬wb‡K ev Avcwb Mf©ve¯’vq _vKvKv‡jB wZwb Avcbv‡K cÖ_g `dv †`L‡Z Avm‡Z cv‡ib|

social worker (†mvk¨vj IqvK©vi)— miKvwi ‡ewbwdU Ges nvDwRs m¤úwK©Z mgm¨vejx, wkïi hZœ m¤úwK©Z wewfbœ mgm¨v Ges G iKg AviI wewfbœ wel‡q wZwb Avcbv‡K civgk© I Z_¨ w`‡q mvnvh¨ Ki‡Z cv‡ib|

dietitian (Wvqv‡Uwkqvb)— Avcbvi Mf©ve¯’vi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z †nvK ev bv †nvK, Avcbvi hw` we‡kl ai‡Yi Lv`¨ MÖn‡Yi cÖ‡qvRb n‡q _v‡K, Zvn‡j G e¨vcv‡i Zvi civgk© MÖnY Ki“b| obstetric physiotherapist (Aem‡UwUªK wdwRI‡_ivwc÷) Rb¥-cieZ©x e¨vqvg I m¤¢eZ Rb¥-c~e©eZ©x e¨vqv‡gi e¨vcv‡iI wZwb Avcbv‡K mnvqZv w`‡Z cv‡ib| wkï‡ì jvjb-cvj‡bi Kjv‡KŠkj †kLv‡bvi (†c‡i›Uµ¨vd&U) K¬v‡k Avcwb Zv‡K †c‡Z cv‡ib (†`L yb c„ 64)| paediatrician (†cwWwUªwkqvb)—beRvZK I wkï welqK we‡klÁ Wv³vi| Avcbvi wkïi ¯^v¯’¨ m¤ú‡K© †Kvb iK‡gi D‡ØM †_‡K _vK‡j Zvi R‡b¥i mgq GKRb †cwWwUªwkqvb Dcw¯’Z _vK‡Z cv‡ib| nvmcvZvj †_‡K Avcwb N‡i wd‡i hvIqvi Av‡MI GKRb †cwWwUªwkqvb Avcbvi wkky‡K cix¶v K‡i †`L‡Z cv‡ib| radiographer (†iwWIMÖvdvi)— ‡h †UKwbwkqvb Avë ªvmvDÛ ¯‹¨vwbs‡qi miÄvg eënvi K‡i _v‡Kb| radiologist (†iwWIjwR÷)— Avë ªmvDÛ I G·-†i m¤ú‡K© we‡klÁ Wv³vi|

†bvU: †nj_ wfwRUi I wgWIqvBd n‡Z cv‡ib cyi“l ev gwnjv, †h †KvbwUB|

37

cÖt wkï‡K LvIqv‡bvi cwiKíbv Avwg wKfv‡e KiwQ, †m m¤ú‡K© wK Rvb‡Z PvIqv n‡e?

Dt Avcbvi LvIqv‡bvi cwiKíbv wb‡q wgWIqvBd

ev †nj_ wfwRU‡ii mv‡_ Av‡jvPbvi my‡hvM

Avcbv‡K †`qv n‡e| ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bv n‡j

Avcbvi I Avcbvi wkïi ¯^v¯’¨MZ †h me

DcKvi n‡e, †m m¤ú‡K© Rvbv‡bv n‡e

Avcbv‡K| ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bvi R‡b¨

Avcbvi Ici Pvc cÖ‡qv‡Mi j‡¶¨ bq,

Avcbvi cQ›` wba©vi‡Yi e¨vcv‡i †hme Z_¨

Avcbvi cÖ‡qvRb, †m¸‡jv †c‡Z Avcwb †hb

m¶g nb, Zv wbwðZ Ki‡ZB GUv Kiv n‡e|

¯‹Uj¨v‡Ûi cÖvq me¸‡jv †gUviwbwU nvmcvZvj UNICEF UK (BDwb‡md BD‡K-i) Baby Friendly Initiative (†ewe †d «Ûwj Bwbwk‡qwUf-wkï evÜe D‡`¨vM)-G Ask MÖnY Ki‡Q| GB AvšÍR©vwZK D‡`¨v‡Mi j¶¨, wkï‡ì LvIqv‡bvi e¨vcv‡i me wKQy †R‡b wb‡q gv‡qiv †hb Zv‡ì cQ›`wU wba©viY Ki‡Z cv‡ib, Zv wbwðZ Kiv Ges Gi AviI j¶¨ n‡”Q, LvIqv‡bvi c×wZ wba©vi‡Yi e¨vcv‡i gv‡q‡ì R‡b¨ mnvqZvg~jK cª¨vKwUm I i“wUb †hb nvmcvZvj I wK¬wbK¸‡jv Kvh©Kifv‡e eënvi K‡i| ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bv m¤úwK©Z bxwZgvjv mvaviYZ cÖKv‡k¨ Uvwb‡q ivLv nq|

ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bv n‡j Avcbvi I Avcbvi wkïi ¯^v¯’¨MZ myweavmg~n ey‡Ki `ya Avcbvi wkïi ¯^v¯’¨ ïaygvÎ †h eZ©gv‡b wbivc` iv‡L, Zv bq, cieZ©xKv‡jI Zv wbivc` iv‡L ey‡Ki `ya| M‡elYv †_‡K †`Lv †M‡Q, wkïi R‡b¥i ci †_‡K ïi“ K‡i ˆkkeKvj ch©šÍ GB DcKvwiZv eRvq _vK‡Z cv‡i| Bb‡dKkb †_‡K wkï‡K i¶vi eë¯’v ey‡Ki `ya M‡o †Zv‡j Ges gw¯Í‡®‹i (†eªB‡bi) h‡_vchy³ weKv‡k Zv mvnvh¨ K‡i _v‡K| ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bv n‡j †hme S yuwK K‡g: • gastro-enteritis

(M¨v‡÷ªvGb‡UwiwUm)— ewg I Wvqwiqv • ear infections (Bqvi

Bb‡dKkb)-Kv‡b Bb‡dKkb • wheeze when

breathing/asthma(ûBR-k ¦vm-cÖk ¦vmKv‡j Zx¶ è wk‡mi g‡Zv aŸwb/GRgv)

• eczema (GRgv), cwiev‡ii KviI GB †ivM †_‡K _vK‡j

• ‰kk‡e diabetes (Wvqv‡ewU‡m) AvµvšÍ nIqv

• urinary infections (BDwibvwi Bb‡dKkb) cÖmªv‡e Bb‡dKkb

• chest infections (†P÷ Bb‡dKkb) ey‡K Bb‡dKkb

h_vmg‡qi Av‡M Rb¥ †bqv wkïi R‡b¨ ey‡Ki `y‡ai we‡kl g~j¨ i‡q‡Q, KviY, IB wkïiv L yeB wec`RbK wKQy Ae¯’v I Bb‡dKk‡b AvµvšÍ nIqvi Avk¼vhy³ _v‡K| ‡h gv‡qiv ey‡Ki `ya LvIqvb, Zv‡ì †h Su ywKmg~n K‡g Av‡m:

• ovarian cancer (Ifvwiqvb K¨vÝvi)-wW¤^vk‡q K¨vÝvi

• pre-menopausal breast cancer (wcÖ-†g‡bv‡cvRvj †eª÷ K vÝvi) i³mªve c~e©eZ©x i‡³i K vÝvi

ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bvi wm×všÍwU‡K wKfv‡e mnvqZv Kiv n‡q _v‡K, wb‡Pi ‡Uwe‡j Avcwb Zv †`L‡Z cv‡eb| Avcwb Mf©eZx _vKvKv‡j Avcbvi wgWIqvBd G¸‡jv wb‡q Avcbvi mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb, †hb wK n‡Z cv‡i, Zv Avcwb eyS‡Z cv‡ib|

Avcbvi ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bvi B”Qvq mnvqZv cÖ`vb: wKfv‡e GUv Kiv nq

wK n‡Z cv‡i ‡Kb GUv nq

kix‡ii mv‡_ kix‡ii ¯úk© l Avcbvi wkïi kixi‡K Dò iv‡L l Zvi k¦vm-cÖk¦vm I ü` ú› b‡K wbqwgZ iv‡L l Avcbvi I Avcbvi wkïi g‡a¨ wbweo eÜ‡bi m„wó K‡i

cÖ_g w`‡Ki Lv`¨ l Avcbvi wkï K‡jv÷ªvg †c‡q _v‡K, hv Bb‡dKkb †_‡K †eu‡P _vKvi R‡b cÖ‡qvRbxq Gw›UewW‡Z mg„×, GUv Zvi † ‡ni AfšÍi ’ A‡š¿i cÖ_g bovPov‡ZI mnvqK nq|

*i“wgs Bb l Avcwb I Avcbvi wkïi ci®úi‡K Rvbvi e¨vcv‡i mnvqK nq l wkïi cQ›`g‡Zv Zv‡K LvIqv‡bv mnRZi nq| l Avcwb I Avcbvi wkï GKmv‡_ N ygv‡j A‡bK †ewk mgq a‡i Avcbviv N ygv‡eb|

cwRkb I wbweoZv l wVKg‡Zv cwRkb wb‡j I wbweoZv _vK‡j fv‡jvg‡Zv LvIqv‡bv m¤¢e n‡e, Gi d‡j ¯Íbe„‡šÍ e¨_v n‡e bv, Ab¨vb¨ mgm¨vI †`Lv †`‡e bv|

‡evZj I Í‡bi †evuUv cwinvi Kiv l Avcbvi wkï †hfv‡e ¯Í‡bi †ev uUv †Pv‡l Ges ey‡Ki `ya cv‡bi R‡b¨ Zvi ¶yav wbeviY K‡i _v‡K, GB c×wZ Zv nq‡Zv AvUKv‡e

wkïi cQ›`bxq Lv`¨ l Avcbvi wkï‡K Zvi ¶zavi mgq LvIqv‡bv ev Z…òvi mgq cvb Kiv‡bv mnR K‡i

l Avcbvi ey‡Ki `ya ‡hb wkïi Pvwn`v †gUv‡Z cv‡i, ‡m e¨vcv‡i mvnvh¨ K‡i

*‡bvU:i“wgs Bb ej‡Z GUv †evSvq †h, Avcwb I Avcbvi wkï GKB i“‡g GKmv‡_ i‡q‡Qb

38

cÖ‡kœi Reve

Avcbvi cÖ‡kœi Reve: Gw›UbvUvj †Kqvi • A‡bK gv-B Zv‡ì cÖkœ¸‡jv wj‡L wb‡q

G‡m Gc‡q›U‡g‡›Ui mgq †m¸‡jv c‡o ‡kvbv‡bv cQ›` K‡ib| Avcwb GiKg Ki‡j †KD wKQy g‡b Ki‡eb bvÑ†nj_ cÖ‡dkbvjiv Rv‡bb †h, Avcwb hv Rvb‡Z Pvb, Zvi me¸‡jv g‡b Kiv †ek KwVb n‡Z cv‡i|

• Avcbv‡K cix¶v Kivi mgq †nj_ cÖ‡dkbvj ÕAvcwb †Kvb wKQy wK Rvb‡Z PvbÕ, G K_v ej‡jI Avcwb nq‡Zv cix¶v ‡kl nIqvi ciB K_v ejv ïi“ Kiv cQ› Ki‡Z cv‡ib| ï‡q ï‡q K_v ejv Aek K_v ejvi Lye fv‡jv GKUv cwRkb bq! ïay ejyb, Õnvu, yÕGKUv K_v Avgvi i‡q‡Q, Avwg wK c‡i G wb‡q K_v ej‡Z cvwi?Õ

• Avcwb eyS‡Z cv‡ibwb, G iKg wKQy _vK‡j wR‡Ám Ki“b| ‡h me welq Avcbvi Kv‡Q y‡e©va g‡b n‡e, †m ‡jv m¤ú‡K© Avcbvi †bv‡U AekB D‡jL _vK‡Z n‡e| KL‡bvB GUv g‡b K‡i wPwšÍZ n‡eb bv †h, Avcbvi cÖkœUv LyeB mvgvb ev G Kvi‡Y Avcbv‡K †evKv e‡j g‡b Kiv n‡e| Wv³vi Ges wgWIqvBdiv Rv‡bb †h, Avcwb hZ †ewk Rvb‡Z PvB‡eb, ZZ †ewk Z_ Avcbv‡K Rvbv‡bvUv i“Z¡c~Y©| wKQy wKQy Uvg© (kãvejx) Avcwb Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb, G ‡jv m¤ú‡K© GKwU MvBW c„ 35-36G † qv Av‡Q|

QvÎ-QvwÎiv KL‡bv KL‡bv Avcbvi GKwU Gw›UbvUvj Gc‡q›U‡g›U, cÖme †e`bv ev cÖm‡ei mgq Zv ch©‡e¶Y

Ki‡Z cv‡ib, †Kvb †Kvb †¶‡Î Zviv g‡bv‡hvMc~Y© Ë¡veav‡bi AvIZvq Avcbvi wPwKrmvI Ki‡Z cv‡ib| G R‡b me mg‡qB Avcbvi KvQ †_‡K Av‡M AbygwZ wb‡Z n‡e| †Kvb QvÎ-QvwÎ Avcbv‡K ch©‡e¶Y Ki‡eb, ev

Avcbvi wPwKrmv Ki‡eb, Avcwb hw GUv bv Pvb, Zvn‡j mivmwi bv e‡j w b| wimvP© cÖ‡R‡±i e vcv‡iI GKB K_v cÖ‡hvR¨| M‡elKiv hw Avcbv‡K I Avcbvi AwfÁZv‡K Zv‡ i M‡elYvi AšÍf©y³ Ki‡Z Pvb, Zvn‡j me mg‡qB Avcbvi KvQ †_‡K Av‡M Zv‡ i‡K AbygwZ wb‡Z n‡e|

AveviI Avcwb B”Qv Ki‡j Zv‡ i‡K bv e‡j w ‡Z cv‡ib, Avcwb hw Zv‡Z BPEK bv nb|

Mf©ve¯’vq cix¶v K‡i †`Lv cix¶v (†U÷) Kivi KviY me mg‡q †R‡b wbbÑG ¸‡jv i“wUb cix¶v I hviv GB cix¶v¸‡jvi eë¯’v Ki‡Qb, mivmwi †mB †nj_ cÖ‡dkbvj‡ì R‡b¨ n‡Z cv‡i Ges Avcbvi R‡b¨ G¸‡jv bv -I n‡Z cv‡i| †Kvb †Kvb †U÷ me gwnjv‡K Kiv nq bvÑGB †U÷¸‡jv m¤ú‡K© Avcbvi wgWIqvBd ev Wv³v‡ii mv‡_ K_v ejyb (wb‡P †`L yb)|

i“wUb †U÷ i³ cix¶v Avcbvi Mf©ve ’vq AšÍZ GKevi i³ cix¶v Kiv n‡e, Avcbvi cÖ_g Gc‡q›U‡g‡›Ui mgq GUv Kiv n‡Z cv‡i| Gi gva‡g:

• Avcbvi wn‡gv‡M vweb (i‡³i c~Y©v½ cix¶v) cwigvc Kiv nq, Avcbvi i‡³ Avqi‡bi gvÎv cwigv‡ci GKwU c×wZ GUv| Gi gvÎv Kg n‡j eyS‡Z n‡e Avcwb i³k~b¨Zvq (GwbwgK) fyM‡Z cv‡ib| G Kvi‡Y Avcbv‡K Avqib †Ue‡jU †`qv n‡Z cv‡i ev eë¯’v Kiv n‡Z cv‡i Dchy³ Ab¨ wPwKrmvi|

• Avcbvi i‡³i MÖ“c wPwýZ Kiv nq (G, we, I ev

Gwe)|

• ‡`Lv nq, Avcbvi i‡³ †Kvb iK‡gi fvimvg¨nxbZv i‡q‡Q wK-bv (†`L yb c„ 40)|

• Avcbvi i“‡ejv †iv‡Mi (Rvg©vb nvg) msµgY cÖwZ†iva ¶gZv cix¶v Kiv nq| A‡bK gwnjviB GB ¶gZv i‡q‡Q, Z‡e, cÖ‡qvRb n‡j wkïi R‡b¥i ci Avcbv‡K GB †ivM cÖwZ‡iva ¶gZv cÖ`vb Kivi cÖ¯Íve †`qv n‡Z cv‡i|

• wmwdwjm cix¶v Kiv nq| ‡hŠb Kg©Kv‡Ûi gva¨‡g GB

†ivMwU msµwgZ n‡Z cv‡i| GLb GUv GK iKg †`LvB hvq bv, wKš‘ Av‡M _vK‡ZB hw` G e¨vcv‡i cix¶v bv Kiv nq Ges Zvi Aw ÍZ¡ †_‡K hvq, Zvn‡j Zv wkïi weKvk‡K RwUjZvq †d‡j ¸i“Zifv‡e Avcbvi I Avcbvi wkïi ¯v ’ †K ¶wZMÖ Í Ki‡Z cv‡i| ‡U‡÷i †iRvë cwRwUf n‡j Gi Kvh©Ki wPwKrmv (Gw›Uev‡qvwUK †Kvm©) i‡q‡Q|

• ‡ncvUvBwUm we cix¶v K‡i †`Lv nq| GUv GKUv fvBivj Bb‡dKkb, hv wjfv‡ii †ivM m„wó K‡i _v‡K Ges cÖm‡ei mgq ev wVK Gi ciciB hv Avcbvi wkïi kix‡iI msµwgZ n‡q †h‡Z cv‡i| Avcbvi †U‡÷i †iRvë hw` cwRwUf n‡q _v‡K, Zvn‡j Avcbvi wkï‡K Zvi R‡b¥i ciciB GKwU c~Y© gvÎvi †Kvm©

cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e, hv‡Z _vK‡e LyeB Kvh©Ki f¨vKwmb I Gw›UewW Bb‡RKkb, hv‡K BwgD‡bv †Mvweb ejv nq|

• cix¶v K‡i †`Lv nq wnDg¨vb BwgD‡bvwWwdwm‡qwÝ fvBivm (GBPAvBwf), GB fvBivmwU m„wó K‡i _v‡K G‡KvqvW© BwgD‡bvwWwdwm‡qwÝ wmb‡Wªvg(GBWm), hv kix‡ii †ivM cÖwZ‡ivaK ¶gZv bó K‡i †d‡j (fqven GBWm †ivM bv‡g cwiwPwZ)| GBW‡m AvµvšÍ Mf©eZx gwnjv Mf©ve¯’vq, wkïi R‡b¥i mgq ev ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bvi mgq Zvi wkïi kix‡i GBPAvBwfi msµgY NUv‡Z cv‡ib| Avcbvi GBPAvBwf †iRvë hw` cwRwUf nq, Zvn‡j we‡klÁ‡ì ZË ¡veav‡b Avcbv‡K civgk© I wPwKrmv cÖ`v‡bi cÖ¯Íve †`qv n‡e| Gi AvIZvq †`qv n‡e we‡kl Ilya, me‡P‡q fv‡jv †Wwjfvwi c×wZ m¤ú‡K© civgk© Ges GB Bb‡dKk‡b Avcbvi wkïi AvµvšÍ nIqvi Su ywK Kwg‡q Avbvi e¨vcv‡i mnvqK LvIqv‡bvi c×wZ|

Avcwb hw` AvcwË bv K‡ib, Zvn‡j Avcbvi GB †U÷¸‡jv Kiv n‡e| GB †U÷¸‡jv m¤ú‡K© Avcbvi †Kvb cÖkœ ev D‡ØM †_‡K _vK‡j Avcbvi cieZ©x wK¬wbK wfwR‡Ui mgq G wb‡q Avjvc Ki“b ev †hvMv‡hvM Ki“b Avcbvi wgWIqvB‡di mv‡_|

mvaviYZ, i³ cix¶v ej‡Z Avcbvi nv‡Zi GKwU wkiv †_‡K mvgvb¨ i³ MÖnY Qvov Avi wKQy †evSvq bv| GKwU my uB‡qi (wbW‡ji) gva¨‡g GB i³ †bqv nq GKwU wmwi‡Äi g‡a¨| cix¶vi R‡b¨ i³ †bqvi mgq e¨_v Kivi K_v bq, Aek¨, Gi cieZ©x yÕGK w`‡bi R‡b¨ mvgvb¨ `vM _vK‡Z cv‡i| i³ Pvc ‡ewki fvM Gc‡q›U‡g‡›Ui mgq Acbvi i³ Pvc (e vW †cÖmvi) cix¶v K‡i †`Lv nq| g„wM‡ivM-c~e©eZ©x cwiw¯’wZi ‡Kvb j¶Y ev Mf©ve¯’vi Kvi‡Y nvBcvi‡Ubk‡bi (D”P i³Pvc) †Kvb j¶Y Avcbvi g‡a¨ Av‡Q wK-bv Zv †`L‡ZB GUv Kiv nq (†`L yb 55-56)| wgWIqvBd ev Wv³vi GK UzK‡iv Kvco w`‡q Avcbvi nv‡Zi GKwU Ask gy‡o †b‡eb Ges †QvU GKwU cv¤ú w`‡q Zv dzwj‡q †b‡eb| IB KvcowUi GKwU Ask mshy³ _v‡K i³ Pvc gvcvi GKwU cwigvc h‡š ¿i mv‡_| ‡dvjv‡bv Kvc‡oi nvIqv hLb GB mshyw³ w`‡q Qvov n‡Z _v‡K, ZLb wgWIqvBd ev Wv³vi Avcbvi i³ ¯ú›`b †kvbvi R‡b¨ GKwU †÷w_‡¯‹vc eënvi K‡i _v‡Kb|

GB cix¶vi mgq Avcbvi i³ Pv‡ci gvÎv †ewk cvIqv †M‡j Zv D‡Ø‡Mi KviY n‡Z cv‡i, ZvB A‡bK †nj_ cÖ‡dkbvj cy‡ivcywi wbwðZ nIqvi R‡b¨ 10 ev 20 wgwbU ci AviI GKevi GB cix¶v K‡i †`L‡eb|

39

cÖmªve

‡cÖvwUb I myMvi †`Lvi R‡b¨ Avcbvi cÖmªve cix¶v Kiv n‡e| (GKwU we‡kl w÷ªc Avcbvi cÖmªv‡e Wywe‡q Zv cix¶v Kiv n‡e, GB cÖmªve Avcwb mv‡_ wb‡q †h‡Z cv‡ib ev Gc‡q›U‡g‡›Ui mg‡q msMÖn Ki‡Z cv‡ib cix¶vi R‡b¨| †Kvb †Kvb gwnjv wbw`©ó GK ai‡Yi Wvqv‡ewU‡m AvµvšÍ n‡Z cv‡ib, Mf©ve¯’vKv‡j GUv †`Lv w`‡q _v‡KÑGUv‡K M¨v‡÷kbvj Wvqv‡ewUm ejv nq| cÖ_‡g GUv †`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i cÖmªv‡e myMvi wn‡m‡e| cÖmªv‡e †cÖvwUb cvIqv †M‡j Zv wcÖ-GKj¨v¤úwkqvi (g„wM‡iv‡Mi c~e© cwiw¯’wZi) j¶Y e‡j g‡b Kiv n‡Z cv‡i| wKWwb I e vWv‡ii Bb‡dKkbI Gi ga¨ w`‡q †evSv †h‡Z cv‡i| Zj‡cU

cÖwZevi wfwR‡Ui mgq Avcbvi Zj‡cU cix¶v K‡i †`Lv n‡e| Gi A_©, wgWIqvBd ev Wv³vi Avcbvi Zj‡c‡Ui Ic‡i Zvi nvZ eywj‡q Avcbvi wkïi Ae¯’vb, Zvi AvKvi, Ges Avcbvi Mf©vk‡qi D”PZv Abyfe Ki‡eb|

cÖ‡kœi Reve cÖt Avgvi i³ ‡imvm †b‡MwUf, Avgv‡K ejv n‡q‡Q,

Avgvi wkïi ¶wZ nIqv †VKv‡Z Avgvi Bb‡RKkb wb‡Z n‡Z cv‡i| Avcwb wK Gi e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cv‡ib?

Dt †ewki fvM gvb y ‡li (kZKiv 80 fv‡Mi) i³ †imvm cwRwUf (†bv‡U AviGBP+ ev AviGBP+ wfB wn‡m‡e †jLv _v‡K)| Avcbvi i³ hw` †imvm †b‡MwUf n‡q _v‡K,Ges wkïi wcZvi i³I hw` †imvm †b‡MwUf n‡q _v‡K, Zvn‡j †Kvb mgm¨ v †bB, KviY, Avcbvi wkïi i³I GKB iKg n‡e| Avcbvi i³ hw` †imvm †b‡MwUf nq Ges wkïi wcZvi i³ hw` nq †imvm cwRwUf, Zvn‡j Avcbvi wkïi i³ cwRwUf n‡Z cv‡i, G Kvi‡Y mgm¨vi m „ wó n‡Z cv‡i|

cÖ_g Mf©aviYKv‡j Avcbvi i³‡mªvZ I Avcbvi wkïi i³‡mªvZ Zvi Rb¥ bv nIqv ch©šÍ mvaviYZ GK mv‡_ wgwjZ nq bv| Gi ci c v‡m›Uv †ewi‡q Avmvi ci GB `yB i³‡mªvZ GKwU Av‡iKwUi mv‡_ wgwjZ n‡Z cv‡i| Gi cwiYv‡g, wØZxq ev Gi cieZ©x Mf©ve¯’vq Avcbvi i³ Gw›UewWR Drcv`b Ki‡e,hv Avcbvi wkïi i‡³ ¸i“Zi wek„sLjvi m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡i| Avcbvi hw` i³cvZ n‡q _v‡K, Zvn‡j IB ai‡Yi cwiw¯’wZ Govevi R‡b¨ Avcbvi Mf© avi‡Yi ci ev Mf©ve¯’vKv‡j Avcbv‡K Gw›U-wW M¨vgv‡M veywjb Bb‡RKkb †`qvi cÖ¯Íve †`qv n‡Z cv‡i| i³cvZ †nvK ev bv †nvK, †imvm †b‡MwUf i³avwi gwnjv‡ì‡K Mf©ve¯’vKv‡j Bb‡RKkb †`qvi cÖ¯Íve †`qv n‡Z cv‡i|

40

Mf©ve ’vq w¯Œwbs I WvqvM‡bvw÷K †U÷ cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki R‡b¨ Dchy³ bq, †Zgb ai‡Yi wKQy wKQy †U÷ Kiv‡bvi R‡b¨ wKQy wKQy gv-†K ejv n‡Z cv‡i| †m¸‡jv Avcwb Kiv‡eb wK-bv, Zv Avcwb wba©viY Ki‡Z cvi‡eb, Ges Avcwb Avcbvi wgWIqvBd ev Wv³v‡ii mv‡_ G welq wb‡q K_v ej‡Z AvMÖwn n‡Z cv‡ib:

• GKwU w¯Œwbs †U÷ Kiv nq Avcbvi I Avcbvi wkïi ‡Kvb mgm¨v †`Lv †`qvi Su y wK †_‡K _vK‡j Zv Avcbv‡K Rvwb‡q †`qvi R‡b¨|

• GKwU WvqvM‡bvw÷K †U÷ Kiv nq,

mwZ¨B †Kvb mgm¨v i‡q‡Q wK-bv, Zv †`Lvi R‡b¨| A‡bK †U÷B Kvh©Kwi, wKQy wKQy †U÷ L yeB ¸i“Z¡c~Y©, Z‡e †Kvb †U÷B kZfvM wbLu yZ bqÑhv mwVK bq, †Zgb GKwU wi‡cvU© nq‡Zv GB †U‡÷ †ewi‡q G‡jv (GKwU Õwg_¨v †b‡MwUfÕ), GB cix¶vq nq‡Zv †mwUI †`Lv‡bv n‡Z cv‡i, †hwUi †Kvb Aw¯ÍZ¡ †bB (GKwU Õwg_¨v cwRwUfÕ)|

A v c b v i c w i P h © v

w¯Œwbs †U÷ Wvej †U÷

Mf©ve¯’vi 15Zg mßv‡ni ci Wvej †U÷ bv‡g Avcbvi GKwU i³ cix¶v Kiv‡bv n‡Z cv‡i| GGdwc I GBPwmwR Ñ GB `ywU wel‡qi gvc †bqvi R‡b¨ GB cix¶v Kiv‡bv n‡Z cv‡i| Gi djvdj †_‡K WvDÝ wmb‡Wªvg, ¯úvBbv wewdWv ev Ab¨vb¨ wUDe wW‡d±m (GwUwW) wnmve K‡i †bqv nq| GUv w¯ Œwbs †U÷ Ges GUv †Kvb †ivM wbY©q K‡i bv|

¯^vfvweK gvÎvi †P‡q †ewk ev Kg GGdwc Ges/ev GBPwmwR cvIqv †M‡j Gi A_© GB `v uov‡Z cv‡i †h, G ai‡Yi cwiw¯’wZi wkKvi wkïi Su ywK †e‡o P‡j‡Q| GB †U‡÷i gva¨‡g Avcwb KZ mßvn a‡i Mf©eZx, †mUv Ges Avcbvi eqm, GB `y‡Uv wgwj‡q WvDÝ wmb‡Wªvg I GbwUwW nIqvi m¤¢vebv wK iKg, †mwU ey‡S †bqvi KvRwUI mvi‡Z nq|

10 w`‡bi g‡a¨B Avcbvi GB †U‡÷i †iRvë †c‡q hvIqv DwPZ Ges GB mg‡qi g‡a¨B Avcbv‡K Rvwb‡q †`qv DwPZ, we‡kl †Kvb& Ae¯’vhy³ wkï Avcbvi Rb¥ wb‡Z hv‡”Q|

WvDÝ wmb‡Wªv‡gi (†µv‡gv‡mvgvj A¯^vfvweKZvi Kvi‡Y Rb¥ †_‡K †h †iv‡Mi m„wó nq) (†µv‡gv‡mvgvj A_©, cªvwY‡Kv‡li cÖwZwU †K‡›`ª Aew¯’Z AwZ m~¶ è Zš‘, hv wRb enb K‡i _v‡K) (G wel‡q c‡i †`L yb) g‡Zv †µv‡gv‡mvgvj wWRAW©vi (†µv‡gv‡mvgvj wWRAW©v‡ii A_©, †µv‡gv‡mv‡gi msL¨vq `„k¨gvb †Kvb A¯^vfvweKZv) †_‡K _vK‡j †iRv‡ë nq‡Zv Gfv‡e ejv n‡e †h, m¤¢vebv 'G‡Zvi g‡a¨ GKÕ| ZvB, Avcbv‡K hw` GUv ejv nq †h, Avcbvi †iRvë Õ400-i g‡a¨ 1Õ, Zvn‡j Zvi A_©, Avcbvi wkïi wWmGwewjwU Øviv AvµvšÍ nIqvi m¤¢vebv

400-i g‡a¨ 1 fvM m¤¢vebv i‡q‡Q| Gi A_©, GKB iKg †iRvëmn cÖwZ 400 Mf©avi‡Yi g‡a¨ 399wUB ¯^vfvweK nIqvi m¤¢vebv i‡q‡Q| WvqvM‡bvw÷K †U÷ w¯Œwbs †U‡÷i †iRv‡ëi wfwË‡Z Avcbv‡K nq‡Zv amniocentesis (Ggbv‡qv‡mb‡Uwmm) (åƒ‡Yi A¯^vfvweKZv cix¶vi R‡b¨ Mf©eZx gwnjvi Mf©vkq †_‡K wbW‡ji gva¨‡g Ggbv‡qvwUK d¬zBW msMÖn Kiv) ev ultrasound (Avë ªvmvDÛ) -Gi g‡Zv AviI †U÷ Kiv‡bvi R‡b¨ ejv n‡Z cv‡i| †Kvb mgm¨v †_‡K _vK‡j Zv †evSvi R‡b¨B Gme cix¶v Kiv n‡Z cv‡i| †ewki fvM †¶‡ÎB Gme AwZwi³ cix¶vi gva¨‡g †`Lv hvq †h, Avcbvi wkï wVK g‡Zv ¯^v¯’ëvb i‡q‡Q| hw` Zv bv nq, Zvn‡j †m †¶‡Î wK Kiv DwPZ, †m m¤ú‡K© mnvqZv Kivi R‡b¨ Avcbv‡K KvD‡Ýwjs (mü`qZvi mv‡_ civgk©) cÖ`v‡bi eë¯’v Kiv n‡e| Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) (‡KvwiIwbK wfjvm m¨v¤úwjs ev wmwfGm) (wkï åƒY‡K wN‡i _vKv wSwj †_‡K mvgvb¨ Ask msMÖn K‡i wkï åƒ‡Yi A¯^vfvweKZvi welqwU cix¶v Kivi c×wZ) Ges Ggbv‡qv‡mb‡Uwm‡mi gva¨‡g (Dc‡i †`L yb) †µv‡gv‡mvgvj A¯^vfvweKZv, g~jZ WvDÝ wmb‡Wªvg cix¶v Kiv nq|

wWmGwewjwUhy³ mšÍvb cÖm‡ei m¤¢vebv hv‡ì L ye †ewk, †KejgvÎ †Zgb gwnjv‡ìB GB †U÷¸‡jv mvaviYZ Kiv‡bv n‡q _v‡K| KviY, G ai‡Yi †U‡÷i d‡j Mf©cvZ nIqvi GKUv m¤¢vebv †_‡K hvq| D`vniY ¯îƒc ejv hvq, GKRb †ewk eqmx gv‡qi WvDÝ wmb‡Wªvgmn mšÍvb cÖm‡ei m¤¢vebv Zzjbvg~jKfv‡e †ewk| c~e©eZ©x Mf©ve¯’vKv‡j G ai‡Yi A¯^vfvweKZvi wkKvi n‡qwQ‡jb ‡h me gv, G ai‡Yi GKwU †U÷ Kivi R‡b¨ Zv‡ì‡K ejv n‡Z cv‡i|

41

Ggbv‡qv‡mb‡Uwmm Kiv nq Gi c‡i, 14Zg mßvn †k‡l| Zj‡c‡Ui ga¨ w`‡q Mf©vk‡q GKwU wbWj X ywK‡q wmwi‡Ä MÖnY Kiv nq Ggbv‡qvwUK d¬zB‡Wi m¨v¤új|

G mgq Mf©cv‡Zi Su ywK _v‡K GK kZvs‡ki g‡Zv, G e¨vcviwU wb‡q Avcbvi mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡e| GB cix¶vi †iRvë †c‡Z 10 w`b †_‡K K‡qK mßvn ch©šÍ †j‡M †h‡Z cv‡i|

wmwfGm Kiv nq Mf©ve¯’vi 10 mßvn ci|

G mgq ‡miwf· ev Zj‡c‡Ui ga¨ w`‡q GKwU gm„Y wUDe cÖ‡ek Kiv‡bv nq Avcbvi M‡f© Ges GKwU wmwi‡Äi gva¨‡g †KvwiIwbK wfjvm †_‡K msMÖn Kiv nq m¨v¤új, GB wUmÿ¸‡jvB c v‡m›Uv MVb K‡i _v‡K|

Mf©cv‡Zi S zuwK _v‡K `yB †_‡K Pvi kZvsk| G e¨vcv‡i Avcbvi mv‡_ K_v ejv n‡e| †iRvë G‡m hvq 7 †_‡K 10 w`‡bi g‡a¨|

AviI wKQy †U÷, hv Avcbvi Kiv‡bv n‡Z cv‡i Av‡Mi ev eZ©gv‡bi mvB‡Uv‡gMv‡jv fvBivm (wmGg fvBivm) I U‡·vcvm‡gvwmm -Gi Bb‡dKkb cix¶v K‡i † Lvi R‡b Avcbvi i³ cix¶v Kiv‡bv n‡Z cv‡i († Lyb c„ 14)|

mKj ¯’v‡bB Rb¥-cieZ©x wmmwUK dvBe‡ivwmm cix¶v Kiv‡bvi my‡hvM i‡q‡Q (†`L yb c„ 88)| Z‡K †Kvb †Kvb ¯’v‡b Avcwb †ivMwUi evnK wK-bv, Zv wbY©‡qi R‡b¨ ïaygvÎ GKwU mvaviY †U÷ Kiv‡bv n‡q _vK‡Z cv‡i| GB †U‡÷i AvIZvq Avcbvi gy‡Li †fZ‡ii jvBwbs †_‡K †mj msMÖ‡ni R‡b¨ Avcbv‡K gvD_Iqvk Kiv‡bv n‡Z cv‡i| cvwievwiK fv‡e Avcbvi hw` G iKg cwiw¯’wZi BwZnvm †_‡K _v‡K, Zvn‡j Zv wgWIqvBd ev Wv³vi‡K Rvbvb| Gw›UbvUvj w¯ Œwbs I WvqvM‡bvwmm Ggb GKwU welq, †hLv‡b me mg‡qB cwieZ©b NU‡Z _v‡K| Gm‡ei cÖfve M‡elYv K‡i †`Lvi R‡b¨ Av‡M †`‡ki gvÎ K‡qKwU ¯’v‡bB G ai‡Yi †U‡÷i my‡hvM wQ‡jv, GLb Zv AviI A‡bK ¯’v‡bI Kiv‡bv m¤¢e n‡”Q| d‡j Avcbvi GjvKv‡ZI GLb nq‡Zv IB †U÷ Kiv‡bvi my‡hvM GLb i‡q‡Q, Avgiv GLv‡b hvi D‡j L Kwiwb| †h †Kvb †U÷ Kiv‡bvi e¨vcv‡i Avcwb ivwR nIqvi Av‡M GKwU †U÷ KZUzKz Kvh©Ki I wbf©i‡hvM¨, Ges Gi †Kvb cvk ¦©-cÖwZwµqv i‡q‡Q wK-bv, Zv Avcbv‡K Rvwb‡q w`‡Z n‡e| †bvU: Avcbvi hw` †imvm †b‡MwUf i³ ‡_‡K _v‡K, Zvn‡j Avcbvi wmwfGm I Ggbv‡qv‡mb‡UwUm Kiv‡bvi ci GKwU Gw›U -wW Bb‡RKkb †bqvi civgk© †`qv n‡e|

AvëªvmvDÛ ‹ vwbs Kiv n‡e hw` Avcbvi wmwfGm ev Ggbv‡qv‡mb‡UwUm †_‡K _v‡K, wkï I c v‡m›Uvi mwVK cwRkbwU ‡hb Wv³vi †`L‡Z cv‡ib, †mR‡b¨ GUv Kiv n‡e| wKQy wKQy A¯^vfvweKZv aivi R‡bÏ KL‡bv KL‡bv GB ¯‹¨vb eënvi Kiv n‡q _v‡K| Avë ªvmvDÛ ¯‹¨vwbs m¤ú‡K© AviI Z_¨ Rvbvi R‡b¨ †` L yb c„ 44|

42

Needle Uterus (womb)

Amniotic Fluid

my uB

c v‡m›Uv

bvwo

Mf©vkq

Ggbv‡qvwUK d¬zBW

wUDe

‡miwf· (Mf©vk‡qi †cQbfvM)

Mf©vkq my uB

Ggbv‡qvwUK d¬zBW

c v‡m›Uv

bvwf

‡Kvb mgm¨v Av‡Q wK?

cÖ‡kœi Reve

†U÷ †_‡K hLb †`Lv hvq †h, †Kvb mgm¨v n‡Z cv‡i, ZLb Avcbvi AviI Z_¨ I mnvqZv cÖ‡qvRb| • †U‡÷i ‡iRv‡ë wK ejv n‡”Q, Zv

RvbvUv ¸i“Z¡c~Y©, †hgb, GB †iRvë wm×všÍg~jK wK-bv, cÖme ev wkïi R‡b¥i e¨vcv‡i Avcbv‡K †Kvb wm×všÍ MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e wK-bv ev Avcbvi Mf©ve¯’vi fwel¨Z wK, G¸‡jv m¤ú‡K© aviYv Ki‡Z cviv hv‡e †U‡÷i †iRvë †_‡K|

• weKí ‡jv we‡ePbv K‡i † Lvi R‡b Avcbvi nq‡Zv mg‡qi cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i| GB KwVb wm×všÍ¸‡jv †bqvi mgq Avcbv‡K mnvqZv Ki‡Z cv‡i, G iKg mv‡cvU© MÖ“c i‡q‡Q (†`L yb AviI mvnvh ) Ges Avcwb GKRb wgWIqvBd ev †nj_ wfwRU‡ii mv‡_ Ges †mBmv‡_ GKRb W³v‡ii mv‡_I K_v ej‡Z PvB‡Z cv‡ib| GB †U÷¸‡jv‡Z hw` wWmGwewjwUi Bw½Z †`qv nq, Zvn‡j G e¨vcv‡i Rvbvi R‡b¨ Avcwb GKB iK‡gi Ae¯’vi wkïi gv-evevi mv‡_ K_v ej‡Z AvMÖwnI n‡Z cv‡ib| Avcbv‡K cÖfvweZ Kivi ‡Póv ‡Kvbfv‡eB KviI Kiv DwPZ n‡e bv, wm×všÍwU wb‡Z n‡e Avcbv‡K Ges Avcbvi mw½‡K|

cÖt Ggbv‡qv‡mb‡UwUm Kiv‡bvi R‡b¨ Avgv‡K civgk© †`qv n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ Avwg Zv Kiv‡Z PvB bv| Avwg wK wVK KiwQ?

Dt wm×všÍwU †bqvi AwaKvi GKgvÎ Avcbvi| Ggbv‡qv‡mb‡UwUm Kiv‡bv n‡j Mf©cv‡Zi wKQyUv S uywK †_‡K hvq| Avcwb nq‡Zv †mB SuywKi mv‡_ A¯^vfvweKZv m¤úbœ wkïi R‡b¥i S uywK Zzjbv K‡i eyS‡Z PvB‡eb| GB `yB S uywKi Zzjbv wb‡q Avcbvi Wv³v‡ii mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Ki“b| ev Avcwb nq‡Zv †Kvb cwiw¯’wZ‡ZB Avcbvi Mf©ve¯’vi Aemvb NUv‡Z PvB‡eb bv, hw` †m iKgB nq, Zvn‡j Avm‡jB Ggbv‡qv‡mb‡UwUm Kiv‡bvi mwZ¨Kv‡ii †Kvb KviY †bBÑAek¨ †Kvb †Kvb gv-evev Zv‡ì wkïi mwZ¨B ‡Kvb wWmGwewjwU _vK‡e wK-bv, Zv Rvb‡Z PvB‡eb, KviY, †ZgbUv n‡j †mR‡b¨ Zviv wb‡R‡ì cÖ¯‘Z Ki‡Z PvB‡Z cv‡ib| ‡h †Kvb †¶‡ÎB †nvK, Avcwb †Kvb †U÷ Kiv‡eb, wK Kiv‡eb bv, Zv wba©vi‡Yi AwaKvi Avcbvi|

Ò‡Kvb ai‡Yi wWmGwewjwUhy³ mšÍvb nIqv wb‡qB wQ‡jv Avgvi me‡P‡q eo fq| Avwg RvbZvg, Avgvi eqm †ewk nIqvi Kvi‡Y WvDÝ wmb‡Wªvghy³ mšÍvb nIqvi SuywK Avgvi †ewkB wQ‡jv| Avgvi Ggbv‡qv‡mb‡UwUm cix¶v hLb †b‡MwUf †iRvë G‡b w`‡jv, Avgvi ZLb g‡b n‡jv, GLb Avwg ¯^w¯Í †eva Ki‡Z cvwi Ges †kl ch©šÍ mevB‡K GLb ej‡Z cvwi Avgvi Mf©eZ©x nIqvi K_v|Ò

Õ Gw›UbvUvj †U‡÷i GKUv Amyweavi w`K i‡q‡Q| Avgvi GGdwc †U÷ wd‡i G‡jv GKwU cÖkœ wb‡q Ges Avgvi ¯úvBbv wewdWv nqwb, GUv †evSvi R‡b¨ cÖ‡qvRb co‡jv AviI cix¶vi| Avgv‡K ejv n‡jv, wPšÍv Kivi g‡Zv wKQy m¤¢eZ †bB, wKš‘ Avwg wVKB wPwšÍZ wQjvg| Avgv‡K hLb ÒAj wK¬qviÒ (Òme wKQy wVK Av‡QÒ) †`qv n‡jv, ZviciI, ‡Kvb wKQy hw` Zv‡ì †PvL Gwo‡q wM‡q _v‡K, Zv †f‡e Avwg DwØMœ wQjvg| Avwg g‡b Kwi, GUv Avgvi D‡ØM evwo‡q w`‡qwQ‡jv A_©nxbfv‡e|

43


Mf©ve¯’vKv‡j Avcbvi wkïi ¯‹¨vwbs Avë ªvmvDÛ ¯‹¨v‡b eënvi Kiv nq nvB-wd «‡Kv‡qwÝi kã Zi½, hv k³ ‡Kvb e¯‘‡Z AvNvZ K‡i wd‡i Av‡m (evDÝ K‡i)| GKwU w¯ Œ‡b GwU Avcbvi wkï, Mf©vkq, c v‡m›Uv I wkïi A½mg~‡ni GKwU Qwe ˆZix K‡i| Avcbvi GK ev GKvwaK Avë ªvmvDÛ ¯‹¨vb Kiv‡bvi R‡b¨ ejv n‡Z cv‡i|

Avcbv‡K Ges Wv³vi I wgWIqvBd‡K Avcbvi wkïi e„w× I weKvk m¤ú‡K© ¯‹¨vb Z_¨ w`‡q _v‡K| GB ¯‹¨vb Avcbv‡K †h wel‡q Rvbv‡Z cv‡i:

• Avcbvi wkïi AvK…wZ| Avcbvi Mf©ve¯’vi ZvwiLmg~n wba©viY I cÖZ¨vkv Abyhvwq Avcbvi wkïi e„w× NU‡Q, Zv wbwðZ Ki‡Z GUv mnvqK n‡Z cv‡i|

• Mf©vk‡q Avcbvi wkï wKfv‡e ï‡q Av‡Q| Mf©ve¯’vi †kl ch©v‡q GUv ¸i“Z¡c~Y© n‡Z cv‡i|

• hgR (`yRb) ev Zvi †ewk wkï Mf©vk‡q i‡q‡Q wK-bv|

• Avcbvi wkïi A½mg~n I nv‡oi weKvk (†gi“`Êmn)

G¸‡jv AviI †`Lv‡Z cv‡i:

• wKQy A¯^vfvweKZv

• Ggbv‡qv‡mb‡UwUm Ges/A_ev wmwfGm Kivevi e¨vcv‡i wkï I c v‡m›Uvi mwZ¨Kv‡ii cwRkb| (GB c×wZ¸‡jv m¤ú‡K© we¯ÍvwiZ Rvb‡Z †`L yb c„ 41-42)

• Mf©ve¯’vi †kl ch©v‡q c v‡m›Uvi Ae¯’vb| wbPz‡Z Ae¯’vb Ki‡Z _vKv c v‡m›Uvi Kvi‡Y ¸i“Zi i³cvZ n‡Z cv‡i Ges GB Ae¯’v‡b _vKv c v‡m›Uv evavMÖ¯Í Ki‡Z cv‡i †hvwbc‡_ wkïi Rb¥ (Gi A_©, Avcbvi wmRvwiqvb cÖ‡qvRb)|

‹¨v‡bi R‡b¨ cÖ ‘wZ

¯‹¨vb Kiv‡bvi welqwU ¯’vbxq bxwZgvjvi Av‡jv‡K G‡KK ¯’v‡b G‡KK iKg n‡Z cv‡i| ‡hgb, †ewki fvM BDwbU 12Zg mßv‡ni w`‡K Ges †Kvb mgm¨v †`Lv w`‡j c‡i Avevi ¯‹¨vb Kiv‡Z PvB‡Z cv‡i| Avcwb hw` †Kvb ¯‹¨vb Kiv‡Z bv Pvb, ev ‡h KqwU ¯‹¨vb Kiv‡bvi R‡b¨ ejv n‡q‡Q, ZZwU Kiv‡Z hw` bv Pvb, Zvn‡j Aek¨B †m¸‡jv Avcbv‡K Kiv‡Z n‡e bv|

Mf©ve¯’vi ïi“i w`‡K GKwU ¯ ‹¨vb Kiv‡bvi Av‡M Avcbv‡K cÖ_‡g cÖPzi cvwb cvb K‡i Avcbvi g~Î_wj (evWvi) m¤ú~Y© f‡i †bqvi R‡b¨ ejv n‡e| Gfv‡e cvwb‡Z m¤ú~Y© cwic~Y© Avcbvi evWvi Mf©vkq‡K †V‡j Dc‡ii w`‡K Zz‡j †`‡e| Gi d‡j †iwWIMÖvdvi GKUv fv‡jv Qwe †c‡Z m¶g n‡eb| GUv Avcbvi R‡b¨ wKQyUv A¯^w¯ÍKi n‡e, KviY, hZ ZvovZvwo cviv hvq Uq‡jU eënvi Kivi R‡b¨ Avcwb gwiqv n‡q DV‡eb! wKfv‡e GUv Kiv nq GKUv d¬¨v‡U KvD‡P Avcwb ï‡q _vK‡eb, Ges Wv³vi ev †iwWIMÖvdvi `v uov‡eb ev em‡eb Avcbvi cv‡kB| Avcbvi wb‡Pi As‡ki Kvco ¸wU‡q bvgv‡Z n‡e Avi Dc‡i Zz‡j wb‡Z n‡e Dc‡ii As‡ki Kvco, hv‡Z Avcbvi †c‡Ui Ici †Kvb Kvco bv _v‡K| †iwWIMÖvdvi ev Wv³vi Avcbvi Zj‡c‡Ui wewfbœ As‡k wKQy VvÛv †Rj jvwM‡q †`‡eb| Gici Uªv ÝwWDmvi bv‡g AwfwnZ, gvB‡µv‡dv‡bi g‡Zv nv‡Z aiv hvq, G iKg GKwU miÄvg Avcbvi Zj‡c‡Ui Ici eyjv‡bv n‡e| Gfv‡eB Avcbvi Zj‡c‡Ui ‡fZ‡i hv wKQy Av‡Q, Zvi me¸ ‡jvi Qwe Zz‡j †bqv n‡e Ges Zv cvVv‡bv n‡e (UªvÝwgU Kiv n‡e) GKwU w¯ Œ‡b, †hLv‡b GwU Qwei AvKvi †b‡e| GB cy‡iv c×wZwUB e¨_vwenxb|

44

AvëªvmvDÛ

15Zg mßvn

cÖ‡kœi Reve

Avë ªvmvDÛ wK wbivc`? †ewki fvM Aem‡UwUªwkqvb g‡b K‡ib, Avë ª vmvDÛ Avcbvi wkïi ¯^v¯’¨ ev Zvi weKvk‡K ¶wZMÖ¯Í K‡i e‡j h‡_ó cÖgvY †bB| Z‡e GUv wVK †h, Avë ªvmvDÛ m¤ú~Y© wbivc`, G iKg P~ovšÍ cÖgvY †`Lv‡bvI KwVb| i“wUb ¯‹¨vwbs‡qi d‡j mgm¨vhy³ Mf©ve¯’vi msL¨v ev ax‡i weKv‡ki wkKvi wkïi msL¨v Kwg‡q Av‡b, Ggb cÖgvY L ye KgB i‡q‡Q|

cÖt Avgvi M‡f© †Q‡j bv †g‡q-GB ¯‹¨v‡b wK Zv-I †`Lv hv‡e?

Dt KL‡bv KL‡bv| Avcwb hw` Rvb‡Z Pvb, Zvn‡j wR‡Ám Ki“b| Avcwb Rvb‡Z bv PvB‡j Avcbv‡K ejv n‡e bv| Avcbv‡K GUv g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †h, Qwe h‡_ó fv‡jv bv -I n‡Z cv‡i ev wkïi Ae¯’vb Ggb n‡Z cv‡i †h, cÖRbb-A½ ‡`Lv m¤ ¢e nq bv| Avcbvi wRÁvmvi †h Reve cv‡eb, Zv mwVK bv -I n‡Z cv‡i|

w¯Œ‡b †h cÖwZ”Qwe Avcwb †`L‡eb, Zv †_‡K ¯úófv‡e GKwU wkï‡K eyS‡Z cviv Avcbvi c‡¶ m¤¢e bv-I n‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e †h †iwWIMÖvdvi ev †iwWIjwR÷ GB ¯‹¨vb K‡i‡Qb, wZwb Avcbvi wkïi kix‡ii KvVv‡gv ai‡Z m¶g n‡eb, Ges c v‡m›Uv I cÖavb kvixwiK A½¸‡jv Avcbv‡K †`Lv‡Z m¶g n‡eb| Avcwb nq‡Zv Avcbvi wkïi ü`¯ú›`b (nvU©weU) †`L‡Z cv‡eb, Ges †Kvb cwRk‡b †m ï‡q Av‡Q, Zv-I †`L‡Z nq‡Zv m¶g n‡eb| ¯‹¨vb Kiv B‡g‡Ri GKwU d‡UvMÖvd Avcwb nq‡Zv wb‡q †h‡Z cvi‡eb| GR‡b¨ Avcbv‡K nq‡Zv mvgvb¨ GKwU wd w`‡Z n‡Z cv‡i|

cÖt ‹¨vb Kiv‡bvi mgq Avgvi mv‡_ wK Avgvi mw½ _vK‡Z cvi‡eb?

Dt mvaviYZ Avcbvi mw½ †m mgq Avcbvi mv‡_ _vK‡Z cvi‡eb, ev Avcwb PvB‡j Avi KvD‡K Avcwb mv‡_ wbb| ¯ ‹¨v‡bi Av‡M †PK K‡i †`‡L wbb, GUv m¤ ¢e wK-bv; Lye Kg n‡jI †Kvb †Kvb ¯’v‡b ¯‹¨v‡bi mgq GLb mw½i Dcw¯’wZ DrmvwnZ Kiv nq bv|

¯‹¨v‡b †Kvb mgm¨v †`Lv bv †M‡j A‡bK AwffveK AveviI Av¯’vevb n‡q I‡Vb, G iKg Rvwb‡q _v‡Kb| Z‡e, mvgvb¨ wKQy †¶‡Î AvëªvmvDÛ †Kvb AcÖZ¨vwkZ mgm¨v †`wL‡q _vK‡j IB Z‡_ï wfwË‡Z Avcbvi Mf©aviY Ae¨vnZ ivLv wVK n‡e wK-bv, †m m¤ú‡K© wm×všÍ wb‡Z Avcwb I Avcbvi Wv³v‡ii mvnvh¨ nq|

ÕcÖ_g hLb Avwg w¯Œ‡b Avgvi wkï‡K †`wL, ZLb wb‡R‡K mwZ¨Kvi A‡_© Mf©eZx e‡j cÖ_gev‡ii g‡Zv Abyfe K‡iwQ-GUv wQ‡jv GK `vi“Y gyn~Z©|Õ

Avwg ¯‹¨vb Kiv‡Z PvBwb| Avgvi Kv‡Q GUv ìKvwi g‡b nqwbÑGes Avwg ¯‹¨vb Kiv‡ev e‡j cÖ‡Z¨‡KB g‡b Ki‡jI Avwg ¯ ‹¨vb Kiv‡bvi K_vq hLb bv K‡i w`‡qwQ, ZLb †KDB Avgvi mgv‡jvPbv K‡ibwb|

45


†Kv_vq I wKfv‡e wkï Rb¥ †b‡e ‡h me my‡hvM i‡q‡Q, †m¸‡jv wb‡q K_v ejyb wgWIqvBd, Avcbvi cvwievwiK Wv³vi, Avcbvi mw½, Avcbvi GjvKvq Avcbvi cwiwPZ gv‡q‡ì mv‡_ Ges ¯’vbxq PvBìev_© A‡M©bvB‡Rkb¸‡jvi mv‡_|

Avcbvi cÖme †e`bv I wkï-R‡b¥i e¨vcv‡i evQvB Kivi g‡Zv ¯’vb¸‡jvi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q:

• nvmcvZv‡j, Kbmvj‡U‡›Ui †bZ …Z¡vaxb GKwU BDwb‡U (hwÌ †ewki fvM hZœ †bqvi KvR K‡i _v‡Kb wgWIqvBdiv)| Avcbvi GjvKvq GKwUi †ewk BDwbU _vK‡Z cv‡i| Avcbvi hw` †Kvb Wv³v‡ii cÖ‡qvRb n‡q _v‡K, Zvn‡j †m †¶‡ÎB mvaviYZ Kbmvj‡U‡›Ui †bZ…Z¡vaxb BDwbU †e‡Q †bqv nq| †Kvb †Kvb gwnjv †Kvb ai‡Yi

mgm¨v bv _vK‡jI †¯úkvwj÷ †gwWK¨vj †Kqv‡ii Av‡qvRb ‰Zix _vK‡j wbwðšÍ ‡eva K‡ib|

• nvmcvZv‡j, wgWIqvB‡di †bZ …Z¡vaxb GKwU BDwb‡U (†`L yb c„ 47), hw` Avcbvi GjvKvq Zvi eë¯’v _v‡K|

• domino birth (†Wvwg‡bv ev_©) Mf©ve¯’vi cÖ_g w`‡K KwgDwbwU wgWIqvBd Avcbv‡K †`L‡Z Avm‡eb, wkïi R‡b¥i mgq Avcbvi mv‡_ nvmcvZv‡j hv‡eb, c‡i nq‡Zv Avcbvi mv‡_ Avevi Avcbvi N‡i wd‡i Avm‡Z cv‡ib| ‡Kvb †Kvb GjvKvq Gi wKQyUv e¨wZµg NU‡Z cv‡i|

46

Avcbvi cQ›`mg~n I wKfv‡e ‡m¸‡jv ev Íevqb Ki‡eb

• N‡i| †hme gwnjvi Mf©ve¯’v ev Zv‡ì wkï-R‡b¥i mgq †Kvb mgm¨v †`Lv †`qvi Avk¼v †bB, cwiKíbv Abyhvwq N‡i Zv‡ì mšÍvb cÖm‡ei e¨vcviwU Kg wbivc`-Ggb †Kvb cÖgvY †bB| Avcwb hw` Ggb †Kvb wew”Qbœ GjvKvq evm K‡i _v‡Kb, hv nvmcvZv‡ji KvQvKvwQ bq, Zvn‡j N‡i mšÍvb cÖm‡ei wm×všÍ Avcbv‡K cybwe©‡ePbv K‡i †`L‡Z n‡Z cv‡i|

c Q ›` ev ¯Í ev q b Mf©ve ’v ïi“i KvQvKvwQ mg‡q mvaviYZ Avcbv‡K wkï-R‡b¥i ¯’vb ÕeyKÕ Kivi R‡b¨ ejv n‡e, Z‡e Avcbvi g~j cwiKíbv‡ZB Avcbv‡K †h Abo _vK‡Z n‡e, †ZgbUv bq, Aek¨ Avcbvi Wv³vi I wgWIqvBd-`yR‡biB Rvbv _vK‡Z n‡e Avcbvi cwiKíbv m¤ú‡K©| Avcwb Mf©eZ©x, Avcbvi cvwievwiK Wv³vi G K_v Rvbvi ci GKRb wgWIqvBd Avcbv‡K eyK Kivi R‡b¨ Avcbvi N‡i Avm‡Z cv‡ib ev Avcbvi cQ›` Kiv †Kvb nvmcvZv‡j Avcbv‡K Gc‡q›U‡g›U †`qvi cÖ¯Íve †`qv n‡Z cv‡i|

• wgWIqvBdiv cÖ‡qvRbxq †¶‡Î me gwnjv‡K †gwWK¨vj mvnvh¨ (†gwWK¨vj †njc) w`‡q Zv‡ì †Kqvi (hZœ) wb‡q _v‡Kb| Wv³vi‡ì f~wgKv n‡”Q, ¶z`ª msL¨K,†hme gwnjv I wkïi †gwWK¨vj †Kqv‡ii cÖ‡qvRb i‡q‡Q, Zv‡ì‡K †mB †Kqvi cÖ`vb Kiv|

• nvmcvZv‡ji †Kvb †Kvb BDwbU wgWIqvBd‡ì ‡bZ …Z¡vaxb BDwbU e‡j cwiwPZ, Gi A_©, cy‡iv BDwbU cwiPvjbvi `vwqZ¡ wgWIqvBd‡ì Ici| mvaviYZ, †h me gwnjvi ¯^vfvweK cÖme nIqvi m¤¢vebv i‡q‡Q, †mB me gwnjv‡ì †Kqvi wb‡q _v‡K wgWIqvBd‡ì †bZ…Z¡vaxb BDwbU| G Kvi‡Y, †h me gv‡qi †Kqv‡ii mv‡_ Wv³vi‡ì RwoZ nIqvi cÖ‡qvRb †`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i e‡j aviYv Kiv nq, Zv‡ì‡K GB BDwb‡U eyK Kivi e¨vcv‡i DrmvwnZ Kiv nq bv|

• Avcbvi R‡b vwqZ¡cÖvß wgWIqvBd (†bBg&W& wgWIqvBd)-Gi mv‡_ Avcbv‡K cwiPq Kwi‡q †`qv n‡Z cv‡i| Avcbvi Gw›UbvUvj †Kqv‡ii mgq GB wgWIqvBd‡K Avcwb †`L‡Z cv‡eb| Avcbvi wkïi R‡b¥i ci N‡i wd‡i hvIqvi c‡iI Zv‡K Avcwb †`L‡Z cv‡eb| Ab¨vb¨ GjvKvq Avcwb nq‡Zv wgWIqvBd‡ì GKwU `‡ji †h †Kvb GKRb m`m¨vi †`Lv cv‡eb|

¯^Zš ¿ (BwÛ‡c‡Û›U) wgWIqvBdiv mvaviYZv wd-i wewbg‡q gwnjv‡ì‡K mvwf©m w`‡q _v‡Kb| Avcbvi †c‡g›U †`qvi mvg_©¨ Abyhvwq Zviv KL‡bv KL‡bv PvR© K‡i _v‡Kb| BwÛ‡c‡Û›U wgWIqvBdiv †nj_ mvwf©‡m Zv‡ì mnKg©x‡ì cvkvcvwk GLb AviI †ewk K‡i KvR K‡i hv‡”Qb| Zv m‡Z¡I Avcwb N‡i ev nvmcvZv‡j, †hLv‡b Avcbvi B”Qv, †mLv‡b mšÍvb cÖme Ki‡Z cv‡ib| ¯ ‹Uj¨v‡Û wKQy msL¨K BwÛ‡c‡Û›U wgWIqvBd i‡q‡Qb| AviI Z‡_ï R‡b¨ †`Lyb AviI mvnvh¨ Õ Avwg RvbZvg, NiB n‡”Q GKgvÎ RvqMv, †hLv‡b Avwg mwZ¨Kvi A‡_© ¯^w¯Í I Avivg †eva Ki‡ev| me wKQyB fv‡jvfv‡e n‡q‡Q, Avgvi cÖm‡ei e¨vcv‡i †h me wgWIqvB‡di mvnvh¨ Kivi K_v, Avwg Zv‡ì †ewki fv‡MiB †`Lv †c‡qwQÑ†mUv ¸i“Z¡c~Y©|Õ ÕAvwg nvmcvZvjB cQ›` Kwi| hw` †Kvb Amyweav N‡U hvq, Zvn‡j Zvr¶wYK cÖ‡qvR‡b Kv‡R jvM‡Z ÷vd I miÄvg- meB cÖ¯‘Z _v‡K| †Wwjfvwi mÿU ‡`‡L wb‡Z hvw”Q Avgiv, KviY, Av‡M †_‡K wK cÖZ¨vkv Kiv DwPZ, Avgiv `yRbB Zv †R‡b wb‡Z PvB|Õ

47

cÖ‡kœi Reve

cÖt Avwg N‡i mšÍvb cÖme Ki‡Z B”QyK, wKš‘ ejv n‡q‡Q, Avgvi GjvKvq †mB my‡hvM †bB|

Dt N‡i mš Í vb c Öm‡ei m y ‡h vM Avcbvi GjvKvq Lye Kg _vK‡Z cv‡i, wKš‘

ZviciI Avcwb PvB‡j N‡i mšÍvb cÖm‡ei my‡hvM evQvB Ki‡Z cv‡ib| ¯’vbxq †gUviwbwU BDwb‡U Avcbvi KwgDwbwU wgWIqvB‡di Kv‡Q G e¨vcv‡i eyK Ki“b| †mLvbKvi mycvifvBRvi ev wgWIqvBd‡ì Gic‡ii KvR n‡e Avcbvi Gw›UbvUvj †Kqv‡ii eë¯’v Kiv Ges wkïi Rb¥ I cieZ©x mg‡q Avcwb †hb wgWIqvBdvwi †Kqvi jv‡f m¶g nb, Zv wbwðZ Kiv| †Kvb mgm¨v ‡`Lv w`‡j Avcwb mycvifvBRvi ev wgWIqvBd‡ì mv‡_ ‡hvMv‡hvM Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

• e¨_vi Dckg wKfv‡e n‡e? (†`Lyb c„ 50-51) • Avcwb wK †Kvb ai‡Yi mnvqZv Qvov GKwU

ÕwdwRIjwRK¨vjÕ (kvixwiK e„‡Ëi) Z„Zxq ch©vq (_vW© †÷R) cQ›` Ki‡eb, bv-wK?†e‡Q †b‡eb Õmwµq eë ’vcbviÕ (GKwUfwj g¨v‡bR&W&) gva¨‡g GKwU _vW© †÷R?

• Avcwb wkï‡K ey‡Ki ya LvIqv‡bv, bv-wK †evZ‡j ya LvIqv‡bvi cwiKíbv Ki‡Qb? (G e¨vcv‡i GLwb gbw ’i Ki‡Z n‡e, G iKg g‡b Kivi †Kvb KviY †bB, GB ch©v‡q †Kvb †Kvb gwnjv G e¨vcv‡i gbw ’i Ki‡Z cv‡ib bv|)

• (nvmcvZv‡j wkï-Rb¥ n‡j) R‡b¥i ci KLb Avcwb

N‡i wd‡i hv‡eb e‡j Avcwb g‡b K‡ib? • wfUvwgb †K-i welqwU wK? Avcbvi wkïi R‡b¥i wKQy

ciB ‡ewki fvM †gUviwbwU BDwbU Zv‡K wfUvwgb †K Bb‡RKkb w`‡q _v‡K| beRvZK‡ì g‡a¨ GKwU yj©f ai‡Yi †ivM msµgY cÖwZ‡iv‡ai R‡b¨ GB

Bb‡RKkb †`qv nq| GB †ivMwU‡K beRvZK‡ì †n‡gv‡iwRK †ivM ejv n‡q _v‡K| GB †ivM †`Lv w`‡j †m Kvi‡Y wkïi Rxe‡bi cÖ_g K‡qKwU w`b Zvi kix‡ii †fZ‡i i³cvZ n‡Z cv‡i| (AviI Z‡_ï R‡b¨ †`Lyb c„ 89|) Avcbvi wkïi R‡b¥i ci Zv‡K wfUvwgb †K mvwc‡g›U ‡`qv †nvK, GUv Avcwb Pvb wK-bv, †m e¨vcv‡i Avcbvi Kv‡Q Rvb‡Z PvIqv n‡e | AZGe, Mf©ve ’vKv‡j GUv Avcbv‡K we‡ePbv K‡i †`L‡Z n‡e Ges G e¨vcv‡i AviI Z‡_ï R‡b¨ Avcbv‡K nq‡Zv Avcbvi wgWIqvBd, †nj_ wfwRUi ev Wv³v‡ii mv‡_ K_v ej‡Z n‡Z cv‡i|

†Kvb& ai‡Yi cÖme Avcbvi R‡b¨ mwVK? Mf©ve¯’vKv‡j Avcbvi wgWIqvBd Avcbvi Kv‡Q Rvb‡Z PvB‡eb, wkïi Rb¥ cwiKíbv (ev_© c¨vb) ˆZix Ki‡Z Avcwb AvMÖwn wK-bv| Gi A_© n‡”Q, GKwU c~Y©v½ Av‡jvPbvi ci Ges Avcbvi cQ›` wba©vi‡Yi e¨vcv‡i cÖ‡qvRbxq Z_¨vw` Avcwb †c‡Z m¶g n‡q‡Qb, GUv Avcwb eyS‡Z cvivi ci cÖm‡ei e¨vcv‡i Avcbvi †e‡Q †bqv c×wZwU wj‡L †bqv n‡e|

Gi ci GB ev_© c vb hv‡e Avcbvi †bv‡U, msi¶‡Yi R‡b¨ GKwU Kwc †`qv n‡e Avcbv‡K| Avcbvi cQ›`wU ¸i“Z¡c~Y© MvBW jvBb, wKš‘ GiciI Avcwb Avcbvi gZ e`jv‡Z cvi‡eb|

wewfbœ Bmÿi g‡a¨ K‡qKwU GLv‡b †`qv n‡jv, †h¸‡jv Avcwb nq‡Zv we‡ePbv K‡i †`L‡Z PvB‡Z cv‡ib: • cÖme †e`bv evov‡bv ev BbWvKmb

Kiv Gwo‡q hvIqv Avcbvi R‡b¨ wK ¸i“Z¡c~Y©? (†`Lyb c„ 75)

• wkïi R‡b¥i mgq Avcbvi mv‡_ †K

(ev Kviv) _vK‡eb?

• cÖme ‡e`bvi mgq Ges/A_ev wkïi Rb¥Kv‡j Avcwb wK GKwU evw_©s cyj ev ev_ eënvi Ki‡Z Pvb?

• Avcbvi wkïi ü`¯ú›`‡bi nvi (nvU© †iBU) wKfv‡e gwbUi Kiv †nvK e‡j Avcwb Pvb?

• cÖme †e`bv I cÖm‡ei mgq wewfbœ cwRkb †bqvi e¨vcv‡i Avcwb wK gy³ _vK‡Z Pvb?

48

cvwb‡Z cÖme cÖme †e`bvi mgq cvwb‡Z Ae¯’vb wb‡j Zv kix‡i wkw_jZv Avb‡Z (wij¨v· Ki‡Z) mnvqK nq| gwnjviv cÖvqB e‡j _v‡Kb, ms‡KvP‡bi e¨_vi mgq GUv mnvqK n‡q _v‡K| cÖK…Zc‡¶ ev‡_ mšÍvb cÖm‡ei PvB‡Z †ewk msL¨K gwnjv ev_ eënvi K‡i _v‡Kb cÖme †e`bvKv‡j|

cvwbi g‡a¨ Avcbvi mšÍvb cÖm‡ei m¤¢vebv wb‡q Avcwb Avcbvi †Kqv‡ii `vwqZ¡cÖvß wgWIqvBd‡ì mv‡_ K_v ej‡Z cv‡ib (hw` Avcwb N‡i cÖm‡ei cwiKíbv K‡i _v‡Kb), A_ev G wb‡q K_v ej‡Z cv‡ib, Gw›UbvUvj wK¬wbK I †jevi Iqv‡W©i wgWIqvB‡di mv‡_ (hw` Avcwb nvmcvZv‡j hvIqvi cwiKíbv K‡i _v‡Kb|)

Avcwb hw` cvwb‡Z `xN © mgq a‡i Ae¯’vb Ki‡Z Pvb, Zvn‡j GKwU eo cyj Avcbvi eënvi Kiv DwPZ| GUv h‡_ó cÖk ¦¯Í n‡Z n‡e, †hb, `xN © mgq a‡i Zv‡Z Ae¯’vb Ki‡Z _vKvi mgq Avcwb Avcbvi B”Qvg‡Zv Ae¯’vb cwieZ©b Ki‡Z (cvk wdi‡Z) m¶g nb| Zvici wgWIqvBd Avcbv‡K cÖ‡qvR‡b me w`K †_‡K cix¶v K‡i †`L‡Z Ges wkïi †ewi‡q Avmvi e¨vcv‡i mvnvh¨ Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| cvwb †gvUvgywU Mig _vK‡Z n‡e| †Kvb †Kvb nvmcvZv‡j evw_©s cyj _v‡K, ev _v‡K cÖme †e`bvi mgq eënv‡ii Dc‡hvwM GKwU eo ev_| N‡i eënv‡ii R‡b¨ Avcwb GKwU †¯úkvj cyj fvov Ki‡Z cv‡ib (GB eB‡qi ‡cQ‡bi As‡k AviI mvnvh¨ †mKk‡b †`L yb Õ†cÖMb¨vwÝ GÛ †gUviwbwU mvwf©‡mmÕ)

cvwb‡Z cÖme wK wbivc`? cvwb‡Z cÖme Kivi wbivcËvi welqwU m¤ú‡K© A‡bK cÖkœ DÌvwcZ n‡q‡Q, µm-Bb‡dKkb nIqvi m¤¢vebv m¤ú‡K© D‡ØM _vK‡Z cv‡i| wgWIqvBd I Aem‡UwUªwkqvb‡ì g‡a¨ G e¨vcv‡i gZ‡f` i‡q‡QÑKviI KviI G m¤ú‡K© m‡›`n i‡q‡Q, Abïv g‡b K‡ib, mwVKfv‡e †Kq †ii eë¯’v _vK‡j cvwb‡Z cÖme GKwU wbivc` Ackb|

†kl K_v n‡jv, cQ›`wU AvcbviB| wKš‘ Avcwb hw` Ggb GKwU nvmcvZv‡j Avcbvi wkk cÖme Ki‡Z hvb, †hLv‡b cvwb‡Z cÖm‡ei Dchy³ eë¯’v †bB ev cvwb‡Z cÖme Kiv‡bvi e¨vcv‡i †h nvmcvZv‡ji ÷vdiv h‡_ó Av¯’vevb bb, Zvn‡j Ab¨ †Kv_vI Avcbvi wkki Rb¥`v‡bi welq Avcwb †f‡e †`L‡Z PvB‡Z cv‡ib|

†Kvb †Kvb BDwbU cvwb‡Z cÖm‡ei mgq Gi ÷vd‡ì Dcw¯’Z _vKvi AbygwZ †`q bv ev Zv‡ì cÖwZôv‡b cvwbi g‡a¨ mšÍvb cÖm‡ei welqwU‡K Zviv Aby‡gv`bI K‡i

bv|

wkïi R‡b¥i mgq Avcbvi mv‡_ †K _vK‡eb? Avcbvi cÖme †e`bvi mgq mvnvh¨ I Drmvn †hvMv‡bvi R‡b¨ Kv‡K Avcwb Avcbvi c v‡k Pvb? Avcbvi †Kvb mw½ (cvU©bvi) †_‡K _vK‡j Zv‡KB nq‡Zv Avcwb PvB‡eb Avcbvi cv‡k, Aek¨ Zv‡KB †h _vK‡Z n‡e, Ggb †Kvb K_v †bB, Avcbvi GKRb eÜzI _vK‡Z cv‡ib Avcbvi cv‡k|

‡Kvb †Kvb †¶‡Î †`Lv hvq, Avcbvi mw½i cwie‡Z© ev Zvi mv‡_ Avcbvi cv‡k Ab¨ GKRb Dcw¯’Z _vK‡j Zv mnvqK nq| Gi d‡j Avcbvi cÖme †e`bvi mgq LvwbKUv K‡g †h‡Z cv‡i| ‡Kvb †Kvb gwnjv Zv‡ì Nwbô eÜ z, †Kvb AvZ¥xq ev Zv‡ì Gw›UbvUvj wUPvi‡K cv‡k iv‡Lb| †ckv`vi (cÖ‡dkbvj) †Kqvivi‡ì mv‡_ fv‡jv m¤úK© Avcbvi cÖmeKvjxb †e`bvi mg‡qi R‡b¨ ¸i“Z¡c~Y©ÑZ‡e Avcwb fv‡jv K‡i Rv‡bb, Ggb GKRb mw½i Dcw¯’wZI ¸i“Z¡c~Y©|

49

cÖme †e bvq e_v Dckg

bb-†KwgK¨vj †cBb wiwjd cÖme †e`bv ïi“i Av‡M e¨_v

Dck‡gi e¨vcv‡i ‡Kvb & c×wZ AbymiY Avcbvi cQ›`, Zv m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv K‡i wbb| e¨_v Dck‡gi †h me c×wZ AbymiY Kiv hv‡e, †m¸‡jv m¤ú‡K© Avcbvi wgWIqvBd ev Wv³vi Avcbv‡K Rvbv‡eb| Avcbvi cQ›` wb‡q Avcwb Gw›UbvUvj K¬v‡kI K_v ej‡Z cvi‡eb| e¨_v Dck‡gi R‡b¨ wb‡R Kivi g‡Zv wKQy c×wZ Avcwb nq‡Zv AbymiY Ki‡Z PvB‡Z cv‡ib ev PvB‡Z cv‡ib †e`bvbvkK †Kvb Ilya MÖnY Ki‡Z|

†ewki fvM Gw›UbvUvj K¬v‡k ms‡KvP‡bi (KÈ ªvKk‡bi) e¨_v gvwb‡q †bqvi GKwU cš’v wn‡m‡e k ¦vm-cÖk ¦v‡mi e¨vcv‡i m‡PZbZv wk¶v †`qv n‡q _v‡K| k ¦vm-cÖk ¦v‡mi Ici †Rvi †`qv n‡q _v‡K kixi wkw_j ivLvi (wij¨v·) c‡¶ mnvqK GKwU c×wZ wn‡m‡e| Gfv‡e wbqwš ¿Z k ¦vm-cÖk ¦v‡mi gva¨‡g e¨_vi mv‡_ gvwb‡q †bqvi welqwU mnvqK n‡q _v‡K| wij¨v‡·k‡bi gva¨‡g e¨_v mviv‡bv hvq bv, Z‡e e¨_v AviI †ewk nIqvUv †VKv‡bv hvq Gi gva¨‡g, KviY, D‡ØM e¨_vi gvÎv evwo‡q †`q| g~j j¶¨ n‡jv, e¨_vi Kvi‡Y mvsNvwZKfv‡e KvZi n‡q covi e`‡j Avcwb †hb e¨_vi mv‡_ wb‡R‡K gvwb‡q wb‡Z cv‡ib, †m e¨vcv‡i Avcbv‡K mvnvh¨ Kiv| Gici Avcwb cy‡ivcywi m‡PZb n‡Z cvi‡eb Ges hZUzKz PvB‡eb, Avcbvi cÖme †e`bv ZZUzKz wbqš ¿Y Ki‡Z m¶g n‡eb| M‡elYvq †`Lv †M‡Q, gwnjviv wij¨v· Ae¯’vq _vKvKv‡j Zv‡ì kix‡ii ni‡gv‡bi g‡Zv †e`bvbvkKÑGbWiwdÝ wiwjR nq (kix‡i Qwo‡q c‡o)|

cÖme †e`bvi mgq †Kvb †Kvb gwnjvi Ilya MÖnY bv Kiv ¸i“Z¡c~Y©, KviY, gv ev wkï A_ev `yR‡bi R‡b¨B †e`bvbvkK Ilya-wfwËK me c×wZ wKQy Amyweavi KviY n‡q _v‡K| Avcbvi Nwbô mK‡ji mnvqZv I Drmvn wb‡q Avcwb nq‡Zv Avcbvi wb‡Ri Ici wbf©ikxj _vK‡Z PvB‡Z cv‡ib| k ¦vm-cÖk ¦vm ev wij¨v‡·k‡b †Kvb Amyweav †bB, wKš‘ Avcbvi cÖme †e`bv hw` `xN ©vwqZ, RwUj ev ïayB cÖPÛ †e`bvgq nq, Zvn‡j Zv Kv‡R bv-I jvM‡Z cv‡i|

Ilya wfwËK bq, Ggb Ab¨vb¨ †e`bvbbvkK c×wZi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q, †nvwgIc¨vw_, wnc‡bvwmm, AvKzcvsPvi I AvKz‡cÖmvi| GB c×wZ¸‡jv eënvi Ki‡Z n‡j cÖ_‡g GKRb cÖ¨vKwUkbv‡ii mv‡_ Avcbv‡K †`Lv Ki‡Z n‡e| cvwb‡Z kqb (jvBwqs Bb IqvUvi)I mnvqK n‡Z cv‡i (†`L yb c„ 49), mnvqK n‡Z cv‡i g¨vmvRI| TENS—Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (wUBGbGmÑØviv †evSvq UªvÝwKD‡Uwbqvm B‡jw± ªK¨vj bvf© w÷gy‡jkb) GUv GK ai‡Yi †e`bvbvkK c×wZ, Avcbvi Pvgovi mv‡_ mshy³ B‡jK‡UªvW‡mi mv‡_ Zv‡ii gva¨‡g mshy³ GKwU e· GB †e`bvbvk‡Ki eë¯’v K‡i _v‡K mvgvb¨ B‡jw±ªK¨vj Pv‡R©i gva¨‡g| e¨_v Dck‡g GUv Kvh©Ki n‡Z cv‡i Ges Avcwb I Avcbvi wkïi R‡b¨ GUv wbivc`| Avcwb hw` GUv eënvi Ki‡Z Pvb, Zvn‡j nvmcvZv‡ji mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM K‡i †R‡b wbb, cÖme †e`bv ïi“ nIqvi mv‡_ mv‡_B eënvi ïi“i R‡b¨ Avcwb GKwU wUBGbGm †gwkb Avcwb fvov wb‡Z ev avi wn‡m‡e wb‡Z cvi‡eb wK-bv|

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Entonox(Gb‡Uv‡bv·) — KL‡bv KL‡bv Õjvwds M¨vmÕ ev ÕM¨vm GÛ GqviÕ ejv n‡q _v‡K| 50 kZvsk bvBUªvm A·vBW Ges 50 kZvsk Aw·‡R‡bi wgkª‡Yi eª¨vÛ bvg n‡”Q GUv| M¨vm _v‡K GKwU wmwjÛv‡i, Gi mv‡_ hy³ _v‡K GKwU wUDe I GKwU gy‡Lvk| GB gy‡Lvk Avcwb Avcbvi gy‡L jvMv‡eb| gy‡Lv‡ki e`‡j GKwU gvD_wcmI _vK‡Z cv‡i, Avcwb †mUvI eënvi Ki‡Z cv‡ib| K›UªvKkb ïi“i mgq †_‡K Avcwb eyK f‡i M¨vm MÖnY Ki‡Z _vKzb k ¦v‡mi mv‡_|

cÖfve: Avcwb k ¦v‡mi mv‡_ GUv cÖ_g evi MÖn‡Yi cÖvq 15 ev 20 †m‡KÛ ci Gi cÖfve ïi“ nq| Avcbvi †¶‡Î GUv hw` KvR K‡i, Zvn‡j e¨_vi ÕZx¶ èZvÕ Zv †fv uZv K‡i Av‡b Ges GB ¯^w¯Í eRvq _v‡K KÈvKk‡bi †kl ch©šÍ| †ewk gvÎvq Gb‡Uv‡bv· MÖnY Kiv Avcbvi c‡¶ m¤¢e n‡e bv| Gi KviY, Avcwb GUv eënvi Ki‡Z _vKvi mgq µgk Z›`ªvjy n‡q co‡eb, Avcwb N y‡gi †Nv‡i Av”Qbœ n‡q covi Kvi‡Y nv‡Z aiv Avcbvi gy‡Lvk ev gvD_wcm L‡m c‡o hv‡e, k ¦v‡mi mv‡_ GB M¨vm Avcwb Avi MÖnY Ki‡Z cvi‡eb bv| Avcbvi kixiI GB M¨vm ZvovZvwo †ei K‡i †`q|

wkïiv Gi d‡j ¶wZMÖ¯Í nq e‡j g‡b nq bv: Zv‡ì kix‡i L ye mvgvb¨ cwigvY Gb‡Uv‡bv·B †cŠu‡Q _v‡K| Diamorphine and pethidine (Wvqvgiwdb I †cw_wWb)— GwU giwd‡bi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z Ilya Ges mvaviYfv‡e cÖme †e`bvi mgq GUv †`qv n‡q _v‡K| Bb‡RKk‡bi gva¨‡g GUv cÖ`vb Kiv nq Ges Gi gvÎ n‡Z cv‡i wewfbœ iK‡gi|

cÖfve: 15 wgwb‡Ui g‡a¨ G¸‡jv KvR Ki‡Z ïi“ K‡i Ges G¸‡jvi Kvh©KvwiZv Ae¨vnZ _v‡K `yB †_‡K Pvi N›Uv| Avcbvi N yg N yg fve n‡Z cv‡i Ges Ggb GKUv Abyf~wZ Avcbvi n‡Z cv‡i †h, e¨_vUv i‡q‡Q, wKš‘ Avcwb †hb Zv ey‡S DV‡Z cvi‡Qb bv| †Kvb †Kvb gwnjv e¨_v _vK‡jI e¨_v‡eva bv Kivi GB e¨vcviUv Gfv‡e Abyfe Ki‡Z _v‡Kb †h, Zviv †hb wb‡R‡ì Ici Õwbqš ¿Y nvwi‡q †dj‡QbÕ|

‡e`bv bvkK Ilya GB Ilya¸‡jvi Kvi‡Y †Kvb †Kvb gwnjv Amy¯’ †eva Ki‡Z _v‡Kb Ges mvaviYZ GB WªvM cÖ‡qv‡Mi mgq GKB mv‡_ Amy¯’Zv-wbeviK IlyaI †`qv n‡q _v‡K|

R‡b¥i mgq wkïi k ¦vm-cÖk ¦v‡mi Ici ‡cw_wWb cÖfve †dj‡Z cv‡i| Rb¥-cieZ©x `yB-wZb w`b wkï nq‡Zv GKUz †ewk N yg-KvZz‡i n‡Z cv‡i Ges LvIqvi cÖwZ Zvi AvMÖn Kg †`Lv †h‡Z cv‡i| †cw_wW‡bi Kvi‡Y Avcbvi wkïi k ¦vm-cÖk ¦vm `ye©j n‡q _vK‡j, Zvi cÖwZKv‡ii R‡b¨ Ilya †`qv n‡Z cv‡i| wkïi R‡b¥i †ek KvQvKvwQ mg‡q Bb‡RKkb †`qv n‡q _vK‡j wkïi k ¦vm-cÖk ¦v‡mi Ici Zvi cÖfve covi m¤¢vebv †ewk| G Kvi‡Y Zv MÖnY bv Kivi R‡b¨ Avcbv‡K civgk© †`qv n‡Z cv‡i| R‡b¥i Pvi N›Uv ev ZviI †ewk mgq Av‡M †cw_wWb hw` †`qv nq, Zvn‡j gv‡qi g‡a¨ Zvi cÖfve K‡g Avmvi fv‡jv m¤¢vebv _v‡K| wkïi g‡a¨ Zvi cÖfve _vKvi mgqwU `xN ©Zi n‡e, ai“b, R‡b¥i ci 48 N›Uv ch©šÍ| Epidural anaesthesia (GwcWyivj G‡bm‡_wmqv)— GKwU G‡bm‡_wUK Ilya †gi“`‡Ûi me©wbgœ (GwcWyivj) As‡k Bb‡RKk‡bi gva¨‡g cÖ`vb Kiv nq| G‡bm‡_wm÷ GwcWyivj †`qvi mgq Avcbv‡K kixi gy‡o GK mv‡_ Kivi R‡b¨ ejv n‡Z cv‡i ev ejv n‡Z cv‡i †mvRv e‡m ‡Kv‡ji Ici GKwU evwjk †i‡L Zvi Ici S zu‡K emvi R‡b¨| cvw÷‡Ki GKwU gm „Y wUDe-GKwU K¨v‡_Uvi-†fZ‡i ivLv n‡Z cv‡i, hv‡Z cÖ‡qvR‡b AviI G‡bm‡_wUK †`qv m¤ ¢e nq| Avcbvi i³Pvc ¯^vfvweK gvÎvq ivLvq mnvqZvi R‡b¨ mvaviYZ Avcbv‡K wWªc †`qv n‡e (wbgœ i³ Pvc n‡Z cv‡i GKwU mvBW G‡d±)| wkïi nvU©weU gwbUi Kiv n‡Z cv‡i Ae¨vnZfv‡e|

cÖfve: †ewki fvM gwnjvi †¶‡Î e¨_v cy‡ivcywi K‡g hvq (Aek¨ mvgvb¨ wKQy msL¨‡Ki e¨_v Kg‡e ïaygvÎ GKvs‡k)| Avcbvi kix‡ii wbgœvs‡k Avcwb nq‡Zv †Kvb †PZbvB Abyfe Ki‡eb bv, Gi d‡j wØZxq ch©v‡q †c Š uQv‡bv Avcbvi c‡¶ KwVb n‡q DV‡Z cv‡i| GB Amvo Ae¯’v K‡qK N›Uv a‡i Ae¨vnZ _vK‡e| G Kvi‡Y cÖme †e`bvKv‡j ev cÖm‡ei mgq nv uUz †M‡o ev cv Qwo‡q emv Avcbvi c‡¶ m¤¢e bv-I n‡Z cv‡i| wkïi R‡b¥i ci gv‡S-g‡a¨ K‡qK w`‡bi R‡b¨ Avcbvi L ye gv_v aiv †`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i, †Kvb †Kvb gv‡qi wc‡VI e¨_v n‡Z cv‡i|

di‡m‡ci gva¨‡g †Wwjfvwi †ek mvaviY e¨vcvi n‡q DV‡Z cv‡i, KviY, ‡V‡j †`qvi (cyk Kivi) B”Qv Avcwb nvwi‡q †dj‡Z cv‡ib| Ab¨ w`‡K, †Kvb †Kvb Wv³vi g‡b K‡ib †h, GwcWyivj Kiv‡j, we‡kl K‡i `xN ©¯’vwq cÖme †e`bvi †¶‡Î, Zvn‡j Zv †hwbxc‡_ cÖm‡ei m¤¢vebv evov‡Z cv‡i| KviY, Gi Øviv †Kvb †Kvb gwnjv e¨_vi Dckg nIqv I wij¨v‡·k‡bi †h my‡hvM jvf K‡i _v‡Kb, wmb‡Uvwmbmn Zv cÖme †e`bv‡K GwM‡q w`‡Z (†`L yb c„ 75) Zv mnvqZv K‡i _v‡K|

me ai‡Yi †e`bvbvkK wK me mg‡qB cvIqv hvq? N‡i Avcbv‡K wgWIqvBd Gb‡Uv‡bv· Ges/A_ev †cw_wWb w`‡Z cv‡ib| nvmcvZv‡j Avcwb †c‡Z cv‡ib, cvIqv hvq, Ggb me ai‡Yi †e`bvbvkK| Z‡e †Kvb †Kvb BDwb‡U G‡bm‡_wm÷ bv _vKvi Kvi‡Y w`‡b-iv‡Z mve©¶wYKfv‡e GwcWyivj cvIqv bv-I †h‡Z cv‡i|

51


‡QvULv‡Uv mgm¨v ‡ewki fvM gwnjvB Mf©ve¯’vKv‡j Gme AwZ mvaviY Õcvk ¦©-cÖwZwµqvÕi †Kvb †KvbwU‡Z fyM‡ebÑwKš‘ Gm‡ei me¸‡jvi cvevi g‡Zv AvbjvwK Avcwb n‡eb!

Avcbvi hw` Nb Nb mgm¨v n‡Z _v‡K, Avcbvi Wv³v‡ii mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM Ki“b ev cÖwZKv‡ii R‡b¨ GKRb we‡kl‡Ái †cÖmµvBe Kiv weKí cÖwZ‡laK †Póv K‡i †`Lv Avcwb cQ›` Ki‡Z cv‡ib|

FOOD CRAVINGS (L v‡`ï R‡b¨ e¨vKzjZv)— Mf©ve¯’vi †h †Kvb mgq L ye mvaviY GKwU welq| Avcwb nq‡Zv A™ ¢yZ ai‡Yi Lvevi LvIqvi R‡b¨ AvMÖwn n‡q DV‡Z cv‡ib, ev Av‡M †L‡Z cQ›` K‡ibwb, Ggb Lv`¨ †ewk K‡i Lvevi R‡b¨ Avcbvi AvMÖn Rb¥v‡Z cv‡i| Avcwb hZ¶Y ch©šÍ ¯^v¯’¨Ki Lvevi †L‡q hv‡”Qb (†`L yb c„ 13), ZZ¶Y ch©šÍ Avcbvi wPšÍvi †Kvb KviY †bB|

BLEEDING GUMS/GINGIVITIS (gvwo‡Z i³cvZ) — Avcwb nq‡Zv †`L‡Z cv‡eb, Mf©ve¯’vKv‡j Avcbvi gvwo †_‡K mn‡RB i³cv‡Zi NUbv N‡U P‡j‡Q| d¬zIivBW Uz_‡c÷ w`‡q Aek¨B ˆ`wbK `yÕevi Avcbvi `v uZ I gvwo m¤ú~Y© fv‡e cwi®‹vi K‡i †b‡eb| g‡b ivL‡eb, Avcwb Mf©eZx _vKvKv‡j Ges Avcbvi wkïi R‡b¥i ci GK eQi

ch©šÍ Avcbvi `v u‡Zi wPwKrmv wd «| Avcbvi †Ww›U÷ Øviv Avcbvi `v uZ I gvwo cix¶v Kwi‡q †bqv fv‡jv|

HEARTBURN (INDIGESTION) (eyK R¡jvÑe`nRg) cvK¯’jxi im I Lvev‡ii Kvi‡Y cv uR‡ii nv‡oi †eóbx Ry‡o R¡vjv‡cvovi Abyf~wZ| Mf©ve¯’vi †kl w`‡K G iKg n‡Z †ewk †`Lv hvq| Avcbvi G iKg n‡j cwigv‡Y Kg K‡i Lvevi †L‡Z _vKzb Av‡Mi Zzjbvq †ewk Nb Nb| LvIqvi mgq ax‡i my‡¯’ †L‡Z _vKzb| Kov Pv/Kwd, d‡ji Lv uwU im, gkjv I Pwe©hy³ Lvevi eyK R¡jvi m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡i|

CONSTIPATION (†KvôKvwVb¨) Mf©ve¯’vKv‡j GUv L ye mvaviY GKwU welq| †ewk K‡i ZvRv dj I kvK-mwâ Ges †Kvj‡MÖBb †eªW I wmwiqvj Lvb| G‡Z K‡i Avcbvi dvBevi (Av uk) MÖn‡Yi cwigvY evo‡e| cvbxq cvb Ki“b †ewk K‡i- cÖwZevi Lvev‡ii mgq I gaëZ©x mg‡q GK M vm K‡i cvwb cvb Ki‡Z _vKzb| THRUSH (_ªvk)— †hvwbc_ w`‡q ‡ei“‡bv Nb, mv`v Zij c`v_©|IB mgq †m¯’v‡b PzjKvwb I ¯úk©KvZiZvI _v‡K| G‡K K¨wÛwWqvwmmI ejv n‡q _v‡K| Avcbvi Wv³vi

f¨vwRbvj †cwmwi (†hvwbc‡_ eënv‡ii R‡b¨ mvwR©K¨vj c vM) †cÖmµvBe Ki‡Z cv‡ib, Mf©ve¯’vq eënv‡ii R‡b¨ GUv wbivc` e‡j cix¶v K‡i Rvbv †M‡Q|

PASSING URINE OFTEN (Nb Nb c Öm ª ve nIqv)— GUv ¯^vfvweK| GUv n‡q _v‡K †cÖMb¨vwÝ ni‡gvb I Avcbvi g~Î_wj µgea©gvbfv‡e msKzwPZ n‡Z _vKvi Kvi‡Y| KL‡bv KL‡bv cÖmªv‡ei Bb‡dKkb n‡Z cv‡i| Avcbvi wgWIqvB‡di Kv‡Q welqwU D‡j L Ki“b|

STRESS INCONTINENCE (Pv‡ci Kvi‡Y g ~Î wbqš ¿‡Y Amvg_¨ ©)— g~Î_wj †_‡K mvgvb¨ cÖmªve wjK n‡q †ewi‡q Av‡m| Avcwb Kvk‡j, nv uwP w`‡j ev †`Šov‡j Avcbvi †cjwfK †d¬v‡ii gvsm‡cwk‡Z Pvc m„wó nIqvi Kvi‡Y GUv N‡U _v‡K| we‡kl K‡i Mf©ve¯’vi †kl w`‡K G iKg n‡q _v‡K| y‡cjwfK †d¬v‡ii e¨vqvg (†`L yb c„ 102-103) †mLvbKvi gvsm‡cwk¸‡jv‡K kw³kvwj Ki‡Z mvnvh¨ Ki‡Z cv‡i| hw` wb‡R‡K ¯^w¯Ígq ivL‡Z cÖ‡qvR‡b c¨vW eënvi Ki“b| wkïi R‡b¥i ciI Avcbvi e¨vqvg Ae¨vnZ ivL yb|

52

Avcbvi kix‡i cwieZ©b

CYSTITIS (wm÷vBwmm)— cÖmªv‡ei Bb‡dKkb, hvi Kvi‡Y cÖmªv‡ei mgq R¡jv‡cvov Abyf~Z nq Ges GB Bb‡dKk‡bi Kvi‡Y me mg‡qB cÖmªv‡ei †eM Abyf~Z n‡Z _v‡K| Nb Nb G iKg n‡Z _vK‡j Avcbvi Wv³vi Gi wPwKrmv Ki‡Z cv‡ib| Bb‡dKkb †ei K‡i †`qvi R‡b¨ †ewk K‡i cvwb †L‡q †`L yb| VARICOSE VEINS (†fwi‡KvR †fBbm)— i‡³i wkiv dz‡j hvIqv, mvaviYZ cv‡qi wkiv Gfv‡e dz‡j hvq, Z‡e KL‡bv KL‡bv dz‡j _v‡K fvjfvI (†hvwbc‡_i gyL)| G Kvi‡Y e¨_v n‡Z cv‡i, KL‡bv KL‡bv PzjKvwbI n‡Z cv‡i| `xN © mgq a‡i `v uwo‡q _vK‡eb bv, Ges hLb cvi‡eb, ZLb cv Dc‡ii w`‡K †i‡L wekªvg wbb| Avcbvi cv‡qi †Kvb ¯’v‡b KL‡bv Mig Abyf~Z n‡j, †Kv_vI jvj `vM †`Lv †M‡j ev †Kv_vI e¨_v Ki‡Z _vK‡j me mgq G¸‡jv m¤ú‡K© Avcbvi wgWIqvBd ev Wv³vi‡K ejyb| PILES OR HAEMORRHOIDS (cvBjm ev †n‡gvi‡qWm) — ÑG¸‡jv gjØv‡ii †fwi‡KvR †fBÝ|Ñ†Kvb †Kvb mgq G¸‡jv‡Z e¨_v K‡i ev KL‡bv PzjKvq| ‡KvôKvwVb¨ †`Lv w`‡j G¸‡jv AviI Lvivc Ae¯’vi w`‡K Movq| Avcbvi Wv³vi Gi wPwKrmv w`‡Z cvi‡eb|

BACKACHE (wc‡V e¨_v)— P¨vÞv RyZv ev wbPz wn‡ji RyZv G e¨vcv‡i mnvqK n‡Z cv‡i| emv I `v uov‡bvi mgq Avcbvi wcV †mvRv ivL‡eb, Ges Kv ua wkw_j K‡i ivL‡eb|fvwi †Kvb wKQy †Zvjvi mgq mveavb _vKzbÑ

G iKg †Kvb wKQy †Zvjvi mgq me©`v nv uUz fv uR K‡i Zvi ci fvwi wKQy Zzj‡eb| G e¨vcv‡i mnvqK wKQy mywbw`©ó e¨qvg i‡q‡Q-Avcbvi wgWIqvBd, Aem‡UwUªK wdwRI‡_ivwc÷ ev Gw›UbvUvj wUPv‡ii KvQ †_‡K †R‡b wbb| SWELLING OF THE ANKLES, FINGERS, FACE AND HANDS (cv‡qi †Mvovwj, AvO yj, gyL I nvZ dz‡j hvIqv), ev IwWgv,G¸‡jv n‡q _v‡K, Mf©ve¯’vq kix‡i †ewk Zij c`v_© Rgv n‡Z _vKvi Kvi‡Y| Mf©ve¯’vi †k‡li w`‡K wKQy cwigvY IwWgv nIqv ¯^vfvweK, wKš‘ GB Ae¯’v hw` †ewk cwigv‡Y n‡q _v‡K Ges †mB mv‡_ hw` _v‡K Ab¨vb¨ j¶YI, Zvn‡j GUv wcÖ -GKwj¤úwkqvi j¶Y n‡Z cv‡i (†`L yb c„ 55-56)| KL‡bv KL‡bv nv‡Zi Kwâ‡Z Zij c`v_© R‡g hvq Ges G Kvi‡Y nv‡Zi AvO y‡j †e`bv`vqK ev wSbwSb Kivi g‡Zv Abyf~wZ n‡Z cv‡i| GUv‡K ejv nq ÕKvicvj Uv‡bj wmb‡WªvgÕ| Zij c`v_© mwi‡q †`qvi R‡b¨ Avcbvi nvZ †ek K‡qK wgwb‡Ui R‡b¨ gv_vi Ic‡i Zz‡j a‡i ivL‡j wKQyUv DcKvi n‡Z cv‡i| GUv L ye Kómva¨ n‡j Avcbvi wgWIqvBd ev wRwci mv‡_ K_v ejyb| Zviv Avcbv‡K ‡idvi Ki‡Z cv‡ib GKRb Aem‡UwUªK wdwRI‡_ivwc‡÷i Kv‡Q| wZwb Avcbvi Kwâ‡Z civi R‡b¨ nvjKv w¯ú ›U w`‡Z cv‡ib| GB c×wZ AbymiY Ki‡j mvaviYZ IB e¨_v ev wSbwSwbi Dckg nq|

Mf©ve¯’vq IRb wK cwigv‡Y ev‡o?

Mf©ve ’vKv‡j Avcbvi IRb evo‡Z cv‡i 9 †_‡K 16 †KwRi (19 †_‡K 35 cvD‡Ûi) g‡a| Mo IRb e„w× n‡”Q cÖvq 12.5 †KwR (28 cvDÛ)| wb‡gœv³ welq¸‡jvi Kvi‡Y Avcbvi IRb evo‡e: • wkï 2.5 ‡KwR (5-9 cvDÛ) • c v‡m›Uv 500-1000 MÖvg (1-2

cvDÛ) • Ggbv‡qvwUK d¬zBW 1.5-2.5 wK‡jvMÖvg

(3-5 cvDÛ)

• Mf©vkq I ¯Í‡bi AwZwi³ IRb Ges kix‡i R‡g hvIqv Pwe©i Kvi‡Y AwZwi³ IRb 2-5 wK‡jvMÖvg (4-11 cvDÛ)

• i‡³i AwZwi³ IRb 2-4 wK‡jvMÖvg

(4-9 cvDÛ) Mf©ve ’v ïi“i G‡Kev‡i cÖ_g w K †_‡KB Avcbvi IRb e„w× ïi“ n‡Z cv‡i, Gi cÖavb KviY, AwZwi³ Zij c v_© I Zij c v_© Rgv n‡Z _vKv| A‡bK gwnjvi IRb Aek Lye mvgvb e„w× †c‡q _v‡K †k‡li yB ev wZb mßv‡n A_ev Zv‡ i Zv‡ i IRb ev‡o bv †gv‡UB| Mf©ve ’vi ïi“‡Z Avcbvi IRb †bqv n‡e, cieZ©x‡Z †bqv Avcbvi IR‡bi mv‡_ Zv Zzjbv K‡i †`Lvi R‡b¨| Z‡e cÖwZwU Gw›UbvUvj Gc‡q›U‡g‡›UB Avcbvi IRb bv-I †bqv n‡Z cv‡i| Gi KviY, †h Z_¨ cvIqv hv‡e, Zv me mgq Kv‡R jv‡M bv Avi IRb †bqvi e¨vcviwU A‡bK gwnjv‡KB A©nxbfv‡e DwØMœ K‡i †Zv‡j|

Avcbvi D‡ØM me wb‡Ri g‡bB cy‡l ivL‡eb bv| Mf©ve¯’vi me mgm¨vB Avcwb ev Avcbvi wkïi ¯^v‡¯’ï R‡b¨ R‡b¨ ¸i“Zi bq (hwÌ IB mgm¨vi mgq †m iKg g‡b bv-I n‡Z cv‡i| Mf©ve¯’vKv‡j Kg ¸i“Zi A¯^w¯ÍKi cwiw¯’wZ wKfv‡e †gvKv‡ejv Ki‡Z n‡e, †m m¤ú‡K© Avcbvi wgWIqvBd ev Wv³vi Acbv‡K civgk© I Avk ¦vm

cÖ`vb Ki‡eb|

Avcwb hw` †Kvb wgWIqvB‡di mv‡_ K_v ej‡Z Pvb, Zvn‡j †h nvmcvZv‡j cÖm‡ei cwiKíbv Avcwb K‡i‡Qb, IB nvmcvZv‡ji Gw›UbvUvj wK¬wb‡K †dvb Ki“b| KvD‡K Avcwb hw` bv‡g †P‡b, Zvn‡j Zvi †Lv uR Ki“b| A_ev Avcwb Avcbvi KwgDwbwU

wgWIqvBd‡K †dvb Ki‡Z cv‡ib|

53


‡Kvb mgm¨v wK n‡”Q? Avcbvi Mf©ve¯’vq †ewk ¸i“Zi mgm¨vejxi j¶Y †`Lv †M‡j Avcbvi wPwKrmvi cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i ev Acbv‡K mZK© ch©‡e¶‡Y ivLvi cÖ‡qvRb †`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i| GB mgm¨v¸‡jvi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q:

Anaemia (i³k~b¨Zv)

Gi A_©, Avcbvi Avqib, Ges/A_ev dwjK GwmW, Ges/A_ev wfUvwgb we12-i NvUwZ i‡q‡Q| i³ cix¶vq G e¨vcviwU aiv c‡o| Amy¯’Zv, Dchy³ Lv‡`ï Afve, ¸i“Zi kvixwiK Amy¯’Zv ev Avcbvi kix‡i evowZ Pvc (†hgb Avcbvi M‡f© hw` hgR mšÍvb G‡m _v‡K, Zvn‡j †m‡¶‡Î) BZ¨vw` Kvi‡Y Gwbwgqv †`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i| Avcbvi Lv‡`¨ cwieZ©b Avbvi e¨vcv‡i Z_¨vw` Avcbv‡K †`qv n‡e Ges Avcbv‡K Avqib mvwc ‡g›U †`qv n‡Z cv‡i| Bleeding (i³cvZ) Mf©ve¯’vq Avcbvi †hvwbc_ †_‡K i³cvZ n‡j ev Avcbvi Zj‡c‡U L ye †ewk e¨_v Abyfe n‡”Q e‡j Avcwb hw` j¶¨ K‡ib, Zvn‡j Zvr¶wYKfv‡e Avcbv‡K †gwWK¨vj GWfvBm wb‡Z n‡e| KL‡bv KL‡bv c v‡m›Uv G‡Zv wb‡P _v‡K †h, GwU †miwf· †X‡K iv‡L| GB cwRk‡b i³cv‡Zi m¤¢vebv †ewk| GB Ae¯’vwU‡K ejv nq-c ¨v‡m›Uv

‡cÖwfqvÑG iKg mvaviYZ nq bv, GUv mZK©Zvi mv‡_ ch©‡e¶Y Kivi cÖ‡qvRb i‡q‡Q| Mf©ve¯’vq †hvwbc_ †_‡K †h †Kvb iK‡gi i³cvZ ¸i“‡Z¡i mv‡_ †bqv DwPZ| Mf©ve¯’vi †kl ch©v‡q GgbI n‡Z cv‡i †h, c v‡m›Uv BD‡Uwib †`qvj †_‡K c„_K n‡”Q| GB Ae¯’v Avcbvi I Avcbvi wkïi R‡b¨ cÖvYbvwk n‡Z cv‡i|

me ai‡Yi i³cvZ ¸i“Zi bqÑ Mf©avi‡Yi †MvU mgq a‡i †Kvb †Kvb gwnjvi gv‡S-g‡a¨ mvgvb¨ i³cvZ N‡U _vK‡Z cv‡i| wewfbœ ai‡Yi †QvULv‡Uv Kvi‡Y G iKg n‡Z cv‡i|

Continued sickness (Ae¨vnZ Amy¯’Zv)

Mf©ve¯’vRwbZ Amy¯’Zv mvaviYZ 12 mßvn ci K‡g A‡m, Z‡e `yf©vM¨RbKfv‡e Avcbvi †¶‡Î Zv

Mf©ve¯’vi †kl ch©vq ch©šÍ Mov‡Z cv‡i| GB cwiw¯’wZi L ye ¸i“Zi ch©vq‡K nvBcvi‡gwmm MÖvwf‡Wivg ejv n‡q _v‡K, †Zgb n‡j nvmcvZv‡j Gi wPwKrmv Kiv‡bvi cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i| Diabetes (Wvqv‡ewUm)

Mf©ve¯’vKv‡j †Kvb †Kvb gwnjvi Wvqv‡ewUm n‡Z cv‡i| Mf©ve¯’vi ci Gi Aemvb n‡q hvq| Z‡e †Kvb †Kvb gwnjvi cieZ©x‡Z Wvqv‡ewUm nIqvi m¤¢vebv _v‡K| Wvqv‡ewU‡mi Kvi‡Y Mf©ve¯’vi Ici cÖfve co‡Z cv‡i, KviY, Gi d‡j wkïi AvK…wZ eo n‡q hvIqvi GKwU cÖeYZv _v‡K, Wvqv‡ewUm wbqš ¿‡Y ivL‡Z wbqwgZ GUv gwbUi Kiv n‡e|

54

‡ewk ¸i“Zi mgm¨v¸‡jv

High blood pressure (D”P i³ Pvc)

i³Pvc L ye †ewk n‡j Zv Mf©ve¯’vi Kvi‡Y m„ó nvBcvi‡Ubkb e‡j WvqvMbwmm Kiv n‡Z cv‡i| Ab¨vb¨ j¶Y mn GUv ‡`Lv †M‡j Zv wcÖ-GKjv¤úwkqvi j¶Y n‡Z cv‡i (†`L yb cv‡k I c„ 56)| D”P i³Pv‡ci Kvi‡Y c v‡m›Uv ¶wZMÖ¯Í n‡Z cv‡i| Itching (PzjKv‡bv) †Kvb †Kvb mgq Mf©ve¯’vq gwnjv‡ì Pvgovq `vi“Y iK‡g PzjKvwb †`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i| eo iK‡gi A¯^w¯ÍKi GKwU e¨vcvi nIqv Qvov mvaviYZ GUv Gi †ewk wKQy nq bv, Z‡e, †Kvb †Kvb mgq GUv GK ai‡Yi Ae¯’vi m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡i, hv‡K Aem‡UwUªK †Kv‡j÷vwmm ejv n‡q _v‡K| Gi d‡j wjfvi ¶wZMÖ¯Í n‡Z cv‡i| Avcbvi PzjKvwb bv mvi‡j ev †Kvb wPwKrmvq KvR bv n‡j Avcbvi Wv³vi ev wgWIqvB‡di mv‡_ †`Lv Ki“b|

Ab¨vb¨ mgm¨v Separated symphysis pubis (†mcv‡i‡UW wmgwdwmm wcDwem) GUv N‡U _v‡K hLb †cjwf‡mi nvogq MvW©‡ji mvg‡bi As‡ki †Rvov L ye †ewk L y‡j hvq| Mf©ve¯’vKv‡j GUv n‡Z cv‡i ev n‡Z cv‡i wkïi R‡b¥i mgq| nv uUvi mgq ev GgbwK `v uwo‡q _vKvi mg‡qI G Kvi‡Y L ye †ewk e¨_v Abyf~Z n‡Z cv‡i| wdwRI‡_ivwci Øviv Gi cÖwZKvi n‡Z cv‡i, A_ev Mf©ve¯’vi c~e©eZ©x ¯^vfvweK Ae¯’vq wdwi‡q †bqvi R‡b¨ †cjwf‡mi †Rvov¸‡jv‡K †e÷bx w`‡q Ave× ivLvi R‡b¨ GKwU mv‡cvU© †eë civ †h‡Z cv‡i| (GB eB‡qi ‡cQ‡b AviI mvnvh AskwU †`L yb|)

Separation of the long abdominal muscles (†mcv‡ikb Ae w` js GeWwgbvj gvmjm) GUv hLb N‡U, ZLb Mf©vk‡qi AwZwi³ mv‡cvU© cÖ‡qvRb nq, ZLb Mf©ve¯’v c~Y©Zvi c‡_ AviI GwM‡q †h‡Z _v‡K|

PRE-ECLAMPSIA (wcÖ-GKjv¤úwkqv) GB cwiw¯’wZi m „wó nq ïaygvÎ Mf©ve¯’vq Ges cÖwZ 10wU Mf©ve¯’vi g‡a¨ GKwU‡Z †`Lv †`q| †ewki fvM †¶‡ÎB Gi cÖ‡Kvc mvaviY ai‡Yi, Z‡K †Kvb †KvbwU wkï I Zvi gv‡qi R‡b¨ wec`RbK n‡Z cv‡i (cÖwZ 100wUi g‡a¨ GKwU cÖ_g Mf©ve¯’vq)|

GKRb gv‡qi hLb ¸i“Zi ai‡Yi wcÖ-GKjv¤úwkqv ev GKjv¤úwkqv †`Lv †`q, ZLb Zvi cÖme †e`bv NUv‡bvi (BbwWDm Kiv) ìKvi n‡Z cv‡i, G Kvi‡Y †gqv‡ì Av‡MB hw` †Wwjfvwi n‡q hvq, Zvn‡jI Zv Kiv‡Z n‡e| GB Ae¯’vwU‡K ÕwcÖÕ (c~e©eZ©x) GKjv¤úwkqv ejv nq, KviY, Gi wPwKrmv hw` Kiv‡bv bv nq ev wPwKrmv Kiv‡Z hw` L ye †ewk †ìx Kiv nq, Zvn‡j †m Kvi‡Y GKjv¤úwkqv n‡q †h‡Z cv‡i| Gi `yj©f, Z‡e ¸i“Zi GKwU RwUj êwkó¨ n‡”Q wLuPzwb| hv‡nvK, wcÖ-GKjv¤úwkqvi GKgvÎ ¸i“Zi RwUjZv GKjv¤úwkqv bq: ¶wZMÖ¯Í gwnjv‡ì wjfvi, jv½m,wKWbx, †e ªBb ev e vW WwUs wm‡÷‡gI mgm¨ Šv †`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i| wcÖ-GKjv¤úwkqvi j¶Y¸‡jv n‡”Q,

• Mf©ve¯’vi gvSvgvwS †_‡K †k‡li w`‡K i³Pvc evo‡Z _vKv

• cÖmªv‡e †cÖvwU‡bi Dcw¯’wZ

• ¸i“Zi IwWgv (†dvjv), cv‡qi †Mvovwj, AvO yj I gy‡L Zij c`v_© Rgvi Kvi‡Y

Avgv‡K wK nvmcvZv‡j fwZ© n‡Z n‡e? AvRKvj, Mf©eZx gwnjvi †Kvb †Kvb Ae¯’v ch©‡e¶Y I Zvi wPwK rmv N‡i Kiv n‡q _v‡K, m¤¢eZ wRwc ev KwgDwbwU wgWIqvBd Zv K‡i _v‡Kb| KL‡bv KL‡bv Avcwb ïaygvÎ †W †Kqv‡ii R‡b¨ nvmcvZv‡j wM‡q _vK‡Z cv‡ib, c‡i Avevi iv‡Z wd‡i Avm‡Z cv‡ib N‡i| Z‡e Avcbvi hw` i³cv‡Zi Avk¼v †_‡K _v‡K ev Avcbvi hw` †gqv`-c~e©eZ©x (wcÖ-Uvg©) cÖme †e`bv NUv‡bvi cÖ‡qvRb nq, Zvn‡j Avcbvi R‡b¨ nvmcvZvjB n‡Z cv‡i me‡P‡q fv‡jv ¯’vb| we‡kl K‡i Avcbvi Ni hw` wKQy `~‡i Aew¯’Z nq ev Ri“ix Ae¯’vq Acvcbvi c‡¶ hw` `ª“Z nvmcvZv‡j hvIqv m ¤¢eci bv nq, Zvn‡j GB eë¯’vB me‡P‡q DËg| KL‡bv KL‡bv Mf©eZx gwnjviv ¸i“Zi Amy¯’Zvi Kvi‡Y ev Zv‡ì hw` Ggb Ae¯’v n‡q _v‡K †h, Zv ch©‡e¶‡Yi ivLv cÖ‡qvRb, Zvn‡j Zviv nvmcvZv‡j fwZ© n‡q _v‡Kb|

• gv_v aiv/`„wókw³‡Z ‡Mvj‡hvM

• cv uR‡ii wVK wb‡P Zxeª e¨_v

• wkïi weKv‡k NvUwZ

55

cÖ‡kœi Reve Mf©ve¯’vq Avcbvi i³Pvc I cÖmªv‡ei i“wUb Gw›UbvUvj cix¶v g~jZ Kiv n‡q _v‡K wcÖ-GKjv¤úwkqvi cÖ‡Kvc eyS‡Z cvivi R‡b¨| wcÖ-GKjv¤úwkqv Ges/A_ev D”P i³Pv‡ci KviY GL‡bv cy‡ivcywi ai‡Z cviv m¤¢e nqwb, Ges cÖavb j¶Y¸‡jvi g‡a¨ †hvMm~ÎwU GL‡bv AZ¨šÍ A¯úó| wcÖ-Gjv¤úwkqv WvqvM‡bvwmm Kivi Av‡M AšÍZ `ywU cÖavb j¶Y Aek¨B _vK‡Z n‡e| ‡bvU: AZ¨šÍ ¸i“Zi wcÖ-GKjv¤úwkqvi †¶‡Î gv Lye †ewk Amy ’ †eva Ki‡Z cv‡ib| Zvi ewg n‡Z cv‡i, n‡Z cv‡i Lye Zxeª gv_ve¨_v, „wókw³i Amyweav I cvuR‡ii wVK wb‡P Lye †ewk e¨_v| me mgq Gme j¶Y m¤ú‡K© wgWIqvBd ev Wv°vi‡K Rvbvb|

AviI Z‡_ï R‡b¨ †`L yb AviI mvnvh¨ †mKkb|

cÖt Avgvi wkïi weKvk fv‡jvfv‡e n‡”Q bv| GUv wK ¸i“Zi wKQy?

Dt Zv n‡Z cv‡i, Z‡e †Kvb †Kvb wkï ¯^vfvweKfv ‡eB †QvU n‡Z cv‡i Ges KviI KviI e „w× ïi“ n‡Z cv‡i Mf©ve¯’vi †kl w`‡K| Avcbvi ZvwiL¸‡jv mwVK bv -I n‡Z cv‡i, ZvB Avcwb †hgbUv g‡b Ki‡Qb, Avcbvi Mf©ve¯’vi †gqv` ZZUzKz bv-I n‡Z cv‡i| †ewki fvM wkï ¯^v¯’ëvb Ae¯’vq Rb¥ wb‡q _v‡K| GKwU wkïi weKvk wVKg‡Zv bv n‡q _vK‡j Zv wbLuyZfv‡e ai‡Z cviv AZ¨šÍ KwVb| AvKv‡i †QvU wkï‡ì †ewki fvMB Rb¥ MÖnY K‡i _v‡K fv‡jvfv‡e Ges ¯^vfvweK ¯^v¯’ëvb wkï n‡qB Zviv †e‡o DV‡Z _v‡K|

‡Kvb †Kvb wkïi BbUªvBD‡Uwib †MÖv_ wiUvi‡Wkb (AvBBDwRAvi) n‡q _v‡K, Gi A_©, Mf©ve¯’vi GB ch©v‡q Zviv †ewki fvM ¯^v¯’ëvb wkïi Zzjbvq †QvU I nvjKv n‡q _v‡K| c v‡m›Uv †_‡K wkï fv‡jvg‡Zv cywó bv cvIqvi Kvi‡Y Zvi AvBBDwRAvi n‡q _vK‡Z cv‡i, ev m¤¢eZ Zvi Ggb †Kvb g~jMZ KviY _vK‡Z cv‡i, hv evavMÖ¯Í Ki‡Q Zvi weKvk| gv‡qi Lvevi MÖnY hw` h_vh_ bv nq, Zvn‡j ‡m Kvi‡Y wkïi weKv‡ki KvRwU `ye©j _vK‡Z cv‡i| a~gcv‡bi Kvi‡YI wkïi cywói Afve N‡U _vK‡Z cv‡i Avi Zvi Kvi‡Y wkïi AvKvi †QvU n‡Z cv‡i| KL‡bv KL‡bv wkïi `ye©j weKvk gv‡qi wcÖ-GKjv¤úwkqvi j¶Y e‡j we‡ewPZ n‡Z cv‡i|

AZ¨šÍ †QvU wkïiv †gqv -c~e©eZ©x-R‡b¥i weivU Su ywK I Gi wec‡ i g‡a _v‡K| Zv‡ i weKv‡ki †¶‡Î mgm v _vK‡Z cv‡i, hv Mov‡Z cv‡i Zv‡ i kkeKvjwU ch©šÍ| KL‡bv KL‡bv Mf©vk‡qi evB‡i wkïi †e‡o IVv I †eu‡P _vKvi fv‡jv m¤¢vebv _v‡K Ges Wv³viiv Avcbv‡K GB civgk© w ‡Z cv‡ib †h, me‡P‡q fv‡jv weKí n‡”Q cÖme †e`bv NUv‡bv († Lyb c„ 67)|

Avcbvi wkïi e„w× hw` wVKg‡Zv bv nq, Zvn‡j AviI cix¶vi e¨vcvi wb‡q Avcbvi mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡e| †hgb, Avcbvi nq‡Zv AviI ¯‹¨vb Kiv‡bv jvM‡Z cv‡i, hv‡Z Avcbvi wkïi weKv‡ki KvRwU AviI mwVKfv‡e cwigvc Kiv hvq|

56


Avcbvi AwaKvi I †ewbwdU Avcbvi Kv‡Ri e¨vcv‡i wm×všÍ Avcbv‡K wb‡Z n‡e| Avcbvi wkïi R‡b¥i Av‡M KLb Avcbvi c‡¶ KvR Qvov m¤¢e n‡e? Avcwb wK wkïi R‡b¥i ci Kv‡R wd‡i hvIqvi cwiKíbv K‡i‡Qb, hw` K‡i _v‡Kb, Zvn‡j KLb wdi‡Z Pvb?

Maternity leave (gvZ…Z¡RwbZ QywU) ) †hme Mf©eZx gwnjvi wkïi Rb¥ 2003 mv‡ji 6B GwcÖj ev Zvici nIqvi K_v Zviv 26 mßv‡ni AwW©bvwi †gUviwbwU jxf (IGgGj) wb‡Z cvi‡eb| Avcbvi wb‡qvMKZ©vi R‡b¨ Avcwb hZw`bB KvR K‡i _vKzb bv †Kb ev Avcbvi Kv‡Ri mgq h‡Zv N›UvB †nvK bv †Kb, Avcwb IGgGj wb‡Z cvi‡eb| Avcbvi wkïi R‡b¥i cÖZ¨vwkZ Zvwi‡Li 15Zg mßvn bvMv` Avcwb hw` Avcbvi wb‡qvMKZ©vi R‡b¨ 26

mßvn ch©šÍ KvR K‡i _v‡Kb, Zvn‡j Avcwb AwZwi³ AviI 26 mßv‡ni GwWkbvj †gUviwbwU jxf (GGgGj) wb‡Z m¶g n‡eb| GGgGj-Gi R‡b¨ †Kvb †eZb †`qv nq bv (Avb‡cBW) Ges GUv ïi“ nq IGgGj †kl nIqvi ci| Gfv‡e hviv GB my‡hvM cvIqvi AwaKvwi, ‡mB gwnjv‡ì‡K GK eQi ch©šÍ QywU †fv‡Mi my‡hvM †`qv nq|

Avcbvi wkïi R‡b¥i cÖZ¨vwkZ Zvwi‡Li c~e©eZ©x 15Zg mßvn bvMv` Avcbv‡K Aek¨B Avcbvi wb‡qvM`vZv‡K Avcbvi Mf©ve¯’v m¤ú‡K© †bvwUk cÖ`vb Ki‡Z n‡e Ges †mB mv‡_ Rvwb‡q w`‡Z n‡e, K‡e †_‡K Avcwb †gUviwbwU jxf ïi“ Ki‡Z Uvb| Avcbvi wgWIqvBd ev wRwc Avcbv‡K GgGwU we1 dig †`‡eb, Avcwb †h Mf©eZx, Zvi ÕcÖgvYÕ ¯îƒc GUv GKwU †gUviwbwU mvwU©wd‡KU| GUvI Avcbv‡K Avcbvi wb‡qvMKZ©vi Kv‡Q cvVv‡Z n‡e| Avcwb †hme myweav cvIqvi AwaKvwi, †m me wel‡q Z_¨ Rvwb‡q Avcbvi †bvwUwd‡Kk‡bi Pvi mßv‡ni g‡a¨ Avcbvi wb‡qvMKZ©v‡K Aek¨B Reve w`‡Z n‡e|

57

Mf©ve¯’v I KvR

Avcbvi KvR wbivc` _vK‡Q| Avcbvi Mf©ve¯’v, wkïi Rb¥ ev Avcbvi †gUviwbwU jx‡fi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z †Kvb Kvi‡Y Avcbvi wb‡qvMKZ©v KZ©„K Avcbv‡K PvKzix †_‡K eiLv¯Í Kiv ev Avcbv‡K evowZ †NvlYv Kiv n‡e A‰ea| Avcwb KZ N›Uv KvR K‡ib, Ges GKB wb‡qvMKZ©vi R‡b¨ Avcwb KZw`b a‡i KvR Ki‡Qb, †mUv we‡eP¨ welq bq| AvB‡b ewY©Z myweavwì †P‡q AviI fv‡jv I bgbxq m¤§Z †gUviwbwU AwaKvi envj _vK‡Z cv‡i †Kvb †Kvb KvR Ges Kg©¯’‡j| wK wK myweav cvIqvi AwaKvi Avcwb iv‡Lb, †m¸‡jv m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z me mgq Avcbvi wb‡qvM Pzw³ †`‡L wbb Ges Avcbvi cv‡m©v‡bj wWcvU©‡g›U, ev Avcbvi †UªW BDwbqb cÖwZwbwai mv‡_ K_v e‡j †R‡b wbb|

‡ewbwdU I †c‡g›U Mf©ve ’vKv‡j I Gi cieZ©x‡Z wK cwigvY A_© Avcwb cv‡eb, Zvi wnmve †ei Kiv †ek RwUj| Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP)(÷¨vUzUwi †gUviwbwU †c-GmGgwc)

÷¨vUzUwi †gUviwbwU †c-(GmGgwc) cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e 26 mßv‡ni R‡b¨| 6 mßv‡ni R‡b¨ Avcbvi Mo Av‡qi 90 kZvsk nv‡i Ges 20 mßv‡ni R‡b¨ cÖwZ mßv‡n 100 cvDÛ wn‡m‡e (A_ev hw` Zv Kg nq, Zvn‡j Mo mvßvwnK Av‡qi 90 kZvsk) GmGgwc cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e| Avcwb GmGgwc cvIqvi Dchy³ n‡Z n‡j Avcbvi wkïi R‡b¥i cÖZ¨vwkZ Zvwi‡Li 15Zg mßvn bvMv` Avcbv‡K Avcbvi wb‡qvMKZ©vi R‡b¨ 26 mßvn hveZ KvR Ki‡Z n‡e Ges b¨vkbvj BÝ y‡iÝ †jvqvi Avwb©sm wjwg‡Ui Ic‡i Avcbvi Avq _vK‡Z n‡e|

Avc-Uz-†WBU wdMv‡ii e¨vcv‡i Avcbvi wb‡qvMKZ©v, Avcbvi BDwbqb ev wmwU‡RÝ GWfvBm eÿ‡ivi mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM Ki“b|

Maternity Allowance (†gUviwbwU GjvI‡qÝ) Avcwb hw` GmGgwc cvIqvi Dchy³ bv nb, †hgb ai“b, G Kvi‡Y †h, Avcbvi Avq Lye Kg, Zvn‡j Avcwb †ewbwdU G‡RwÝ †_‡K †gUviwbwU GjvI‡qÝ `vwe Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| 26 mßv‡ni R‡b¨ †gUviwbwU GjvI‡qÝ †`qv n‡e mßv‡n 100 cvDÛ, GB evuav nv‡i (d¬¨vU nv‡i) (A_ev GUv Kg n‡q _vK‡j Mo mvßvwnK Av‡qi 90 kZvsk)| GB GjvI‡qÝ `vwe Kivi R‡b¨ Avcbv‡K †ewbwdUm G‡RwÝi GgG1 dig wb‡Z n‡e| Parental Leave(†c‡i›Uvj jxf) wcZv-gvZv `yR‡biB 13 mßvn ch©šÍ Avb‡cBW †c‡i›Uvj jxf †bqvi AwaKvi i‡q‡Q| cÖwZ Rb wkïi R‡b¨ wcZv I gvZv-cÖwZRbB GB jxf wb‡Z cv‡ib| †h ZvwiL †_‡K Avcwb GB QywU wb‡Z Pvb, †mB ZvwiL ch©šÍ Avcbvi wb‡qvMKZ©vi R‡b¨ Avcbv‡K GK eQi ch©šÍ Aek¨ KvR Ki‡Z n‡e| wcZv-gvZviv †gUviwbwU ev †cUviwbwU jxf †kl nIqvi ci GB †c‡i›Uvj jxf wb‡Z cvi‡eb, GR‡b¨ Zv‡ì‡K 21 w`‡bi †bvwUk w`‡Z n‡e|

KLb †h‡Z n‡e, KLb wdi‡Z n‡e?

GB wm×všÍ †bqvi fvi Avcbvi| Avcwb hw` Pvb, Zvn‡j Avcbvi wkïi G‡Kev‡i R‡b¥i w`b ch©šÍ Avcwb KvR K‡i †h‡Z cv‡ib| GiciI Avcwb Avcbvi KvR †_‡K GKB cwigvY QywU cvIqvi AwaKvi ivL‡ebÑGi †mvRv

A_© n‡”Q, wkïi R‡b¥i Av‡Mi cwie‡Z© GB QywUi cy‡ivUvB †bqv hv‡e R‡b¥i ci|

58

Paternity Leave (†cvUviwbwU jxf) 2003 mv‡ji 6B GwcÖj ev Zvi c‡i †h me wkïi R‡b¥i cÖZ vwkZ ZvwiL i‡q‡Q, Zv‡ i wcZv‡ i R‡b yB mßv‡ni m-‡eZb QywUi eë ’v GLb Kvh©Ki i‡q‡Q| yB mßv‡ni R‡b mßv‡n 100 cvDÛ wn‡m‡e evuav nv‡i (ev GUv Kg n‡q _vK‡j mvßvwnK Mo Av‡qi 90 kZvsk nv‡i) ÷ vUzUwi †cUviwbwU †c (GmGmwc) cÖ vb Kiv n‡e| wkïi R‡b¥i ZvwiL †_‡K ev R‡b¥i cieZ©x AU mßv‡ni g‡a †cUviwbwU jxf MÖnY Kiv hvq| Gmwcwc cvIqvi R‡b Avcbvi mw½‡K Avcbvi wkïi R‡b¥i cÖZ vwkZ Zvwi‡Li c~e©eZ©x 15 mßvn bvMv Zvi wb‡qvMKZ©vi R‡b 26 mßvn hveZ KvR Ki‡Z n‡e Ges DcvR©b Ki‡Z n‡e ‡jvqvi Avwb©sm wjwg‡Ui †P‡q †ewk| K‡e †_‡K wZwb †cUviwbwU jxf ïi“ Ki‡Z Pvb, wkïi R‡b¥i c~e©eZ©x 15 mßvn bvMv Zv‡K Aek¨B †mUv Zvi wb‡qvMKZ©v‡K)†bvwUk w ‡q Rvwb‡q w ‡Z n‡e|

Child Benefit and One Parent Benefit (PvBì †ewbwdU I Iqvb †c‡i›U †ewbwdU) wkïi Rb¥ †hw`b †_‡K, †mw`b †_‡K G me †ewbwdU Avcwb cvIqvi AwaKvwi|‡ewbwdU G‡RwÝ G me †ewbwdU w`‡q _v‡K| †eweR GÛ †ewbwdUm-GB wk‡ivbv‡g Zv‡ì †h wjd‡jU i‡q‡Q, Zvi †cQ‡bi As‡k PvBì †ewbwd‡Ui

dig i‡q‡Q| Avcwb hw` Iqvb †c‡i›U †ewbwdU `vwe Ki‡Z Pvb, Zvn‡j Avcbvi cÖ‡qvRb n‡e wmGBP11 dig| cy‡ivcywifv‡e c~iY Kiv dig Avcbvi wkïi ev_© mvwU©wd‡KUmn wcÖ-†cBW Gb‡fjv‡c K‡i cvwV‡q w`b| Sure Start Parents Payment (wmIi ÷vU© †c‡i›Um †c‡g›U)) BbKvg mv‡cvU©, wgÝ †U‡÷W Re wmKvm© GjvI‡qÝ, d¨vwgwj †µwWU ev wWmGwewjwU IqvwK©s GjvI‡qÝ †c‡q _v‡Kb †h me mšÍvb-m¤¢ev gv, Zv‡ì R‡b¨ GUv GKKvjxb GKwU MÖ¨v›U| GUv †c‡Z n‡j †c‡i›U‡ì‡K GKRb Abygvw`Z †nj_ cÖ‡dkbv‡j ¯v¶i Kiv GKwU mvwU©wd‡KU `vwLj Ki‡Z n‡e, hv‡Z GUv wbwðZ K‡i ej‡Z n‡e †h, beRvZ‡Ki cÖ‡qvRb m¤ú‡K© civgk© MÖnY Kiv n‡q‡Q|

Avcbvi ’vbxq †ewbwdUm G‡RwÝ AviI Z_ w ‡q Acbv‡K mvnvh Ki‡Z cv‡i| AviI †`L‡Z cv‡ib GB eB‡qi †cQ‡bi w`‡K AviI mvnvh¨ AskwU|

Avcbvi wkïi R‡b¥i ci KvR Kiv N‡ii evB‡i KvR ïi“ Kiv ev Avevi Kv‡R wd‡i hvIqvi e¨vcv‡i Avcbvi wm×všÍ †bqvi mgq Avcbvi wkïi eqm hv-B †nvK bv †Kb, Kg©iZ †c‡i›U (IqvwK©s †c‡i›U) nIqv Lye GKUv mnR welq bq| DbœZ gv‡bi PvBì †Kqvi Lyu‡R cvIqv Aek¨B ¸i“Z¡c~Y© Ges wkïi R‡b¥i K‡qK gv‡mi g‡a¨ Avcbvi hw` Avevi Kv‡R wd‡i hvIqvi cwiKíbv _v‡K, Zvn‡j Mf©eZx _vKvKv‡jB Avcwb nq‡Zv Avcbvi wewfbœ weKí¸‡jv †`‡L wb‡Z PvB‡eb|

• †QvÆ wkï I AviI wKQy eo wkï‡ì R‡b¨ †W †Kqv‡ii eë¯’v hviv K‡i _v‡K, Kg©¯’‡ji (IqvK©‡c ‡mi) bvm©vwi ev †µkmn †mB me Av‡qvRK‡ì †iwR÷vW© _vKv DwPZ Avcbvi †jvKvj A_wiwUi mv‡_| wbivcËv welqK cix¶v (†mBdwU †PK) m¤úbœ nIqvi e¨vcviwU wbwðZ K‡i _v‡K GB c×wZwU| †mB mv‡_ GUvI wbwðZ K‡i †h, wkï‡ì mv‡_ mwVK Zzjbvg~jK nv‡i Zv‡ì ÷vdI i‡q‡Q| Avcbvi GjvKvi †iwR÷vW© gvBÛvi, bvm©vwi I †µ‡ki GKwU ZvwjKv Avcwb †c‡Z cv‡ib| G e¨vcv‡i Ab¨vb¨ †c‡ib›U‡ì AwfÁZv wK, †m m¤ú‡K© †R‡b wbb Ges Avcwb wb‡R Av¯’vkxj nIqvi R‡b¨ hZevi Avcbvi B”Qv n‡e, ZZeviB Avcbvi wkï‡K wb‡q ev Zv‡K QvovB gvBÛvi ev bvm©vwi wfwRU Ki“b|

• wkï‡K †i‡L Avcbvi hLb evB‡i hvevi w`b Nwb‡q Avm‡e, AAcwb ZLb D‡Ø‡M AvµvšÍ n‡Z eva¨| wkï‡K †i‡L Avcbvi evB‡i hvIqvi mgq Avmvi Av‡MB Zv‡K hw` bZzb †Kqvivi ev †Kqvivi‡ì m‡½ Af¨¯Í K‡i Zzj‡Z m¶g nb, Zvn‡j DcKvi n‡e| GUv Aek¨ GK Av‡eMgq gyn~Z© n‡q `v uov‡Z cv‡i| Kv‡R hvIqv Avi wkïi mv‡_ _vKvi cÖ‡qvRbxqZvi g‡a¨ wb‡R‡ì mgq fvM Ki‡Z nIqvi Kvi‡Y A‡bK †c‡i›UB wb‡R‡ì Ici Pvc Abyfe K‡i _v‡Kb|

• Kv‡R wd‡i hvIqvi ci ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bv Ae¨vnZ ivLvi e¨vcv‡i Z‡_ï R‡b¨ †`L yb c„ 97| Avcbvi ¯’vbxq †nj_ cÖ‡gvkb wWcvU©‡g‡›U †eª÷wdwWs GÛ wiUvwb©s Uz IqvK© wk‡ivbv‡g GKwU eyK‡jU cvIqv hvq|

59


Mf©ve¯’v I cÖme wK Ab¨ iKg n‡e? wWg De©iv nIqvi wKQy ciB Zv wef³ n‡q hvIqvi gva ‡g hgR (Twins) yB mšÍvb (ev Z‡ZvwaK) († L‡Z GKB iK‡gi) mšÍvb n‡q _v‡K A_ev yB ev Zvi †ewk wWg yB ev Z‡ZvwaK ex‡h©i Øviv De©iv n‡q _vK‡j († L‡Z GK iK‡gi bv (non-identical) ev åvZ…mg) hgR yB mšÍvb (ev AviI †ewk msL¨K) mšÍvb n‡q _v‡K| wW¤vYy Drcv ‡bi j‡¶ De©iZvi wPwKrmv (dvwU©wjwU wUªU‡g›U) Kiv‡bvi d‡j bb AvB‡Ww›UKvj hgR‡ì m„wó nIqvi m¤¢vebv wKQyUv †_‡K _v‡K, Ges Gi A_© n‡Z cv‡i, G‡Ki †ewk wWg wiwjR n‡Z cv‡i| G‡Ki †ewk De©i wWg Bb-wf‡Uªvi ci (†U÷ wUDe †cÖMb vwÝi †¶‡Î) Mf©vk‡q ’vcb Ki‡jI G iKg NU‡Z cv‡i|

AvëªvmvDÛ ‹ v‡bi mgq w Œ‡b UzBÝ †`Lv †h‡Z cv‡i| Mf©ve ’vi GB ch©v‡q †h iKg nIqvi K_v Zvi PvB‡Z Avcbvi Mf©vkq †ewk eo nIqvi Kvi‡YhgR mšÍvb‡ i e vciwU aviYv Kiv n‡Z cv‡i| Avcwb ¯^v¯’ëvb n‡jI Ges eo ai‡Yi †Kvb mgm¨v Avcbvi bv _vK‡jI M‡f© GKvwaK mšÍvb _vK‡j hv wb‡q D‡Ø‡Mi m„wó n‡e, Zv n‡jv, Mf©ve¯’vq †QvULv‡Uv A¯^w¯ÍI Avcbvi R‡b¨ wØ¸Y n‡q `v uov‡Z cv‡i|

Gi A_© (D`vniY ¯îƒc) wc‡V AviI †ewk e¨_v, Aemv` †eva, eyKR¡jv I ewgi fve, †KvôKvwVb¨ I cvBjm| IRb e„w×, I Mf©ve¯’vi AwZwi³ ni‡gv‡bi Kvi‡Y G iKg n‡Z cv‡i| wekªv‡g _vKvi †Póv Ki“b, we‡kl K‡i Mf©ve¯’vi †k‡li w`‡K| wbw`©ófv‡e ¯^v¯’¨Ki Lvevi G mgq ¸i“Z¡c~Y©| Extra care AwZwi³ hZœ †Kqvi) Avcbvi hw` hgR `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK mšÍvb nIqvi m¤¢vebv _v‡K, Zvn‡j Mf©ve¯’vq Avcbvi cÖwZ g‡bv‡hvM ivLv n‡e †ewk K‡i| GB AwZwi³ h‡Zœi KviY¸‡jvi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q:

• D”P i³Pv‡ci †ewk m¤¢vebv, GUv g‡bv‡hv‡Mi mv‡_ ch©‡e¶Y Kiv I Gi cÖ‡qvRbxq wPwKrmv †`qvi cÖ‡qvRb i‡q‡Q

• hgR `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK mšÍv‡bi 40Zg

mßvn cy‡iv nIqvi Av‡MB Rb¥ MÖn‡Yi m¤¢vebv i‡q‡QÑhgR `yB mšÍv‡bi Rb¥ n‡Z cv‡i M‡o 37 ev 38Zg mßv‡n, wKš‘ hgR mšÍv‡bi †¶‡Î Mf©ve¯’vi 25 kZvs‡ki †gqv` †kl n‡q hvq 36 Zg mßv‡ni Av‡M|

• R‡b¥i mgq cÖvqB mgm¨v †`Lv †`q Ges †Wwjfvwi `ª“ZZi Kiv A_ev hgR mšÍvb‡ì wØZxqwU‡K `ª“Z †ei Kivi R‡b¨ wmRvwiqvb Kiv‡bvi ìKvi co‡Z cv‡i| Mf©vk‡q Kg RvqMv _vKvi A_© hgR‡ì GKRb ev `yRbB †hvwbc‡_ f~wgô nIqvi R‡b¨ GKwU KwVb ev Am¤¢e cwRk‡b i‡q‡Q|

M‡f© wZbwU mšÍv‡bi A_©, ywU hgR mšÍv‡bi PvB‡Z Zv‡ i †gqv c~e©eZ©x R‡b¥i m¤¢vebv Ges/A_ev Acv‡ik‡bi gva ‡g †Wwjfvwi Kiv‡bvi m¤¢vebv AviI †ewk| Pvi ev cvuPwU wkï GKmv‡_ f~wgô Kiv‡bvi mgq Zv ª“ZZi Ki‡Z I cy‡iv cwiw ’wZ wbqš¿‡Y ivL‡Z wmRvwiqvb c×wZ‡K cÖK…Zc‡¶ Awbevh© e‡j we‡ePbv Kiv n‡q _v‡K| ZviciI, M‡f© GKvwaK mšÍvb aviY Lye KóKi GKwU e vcvi nIqv m‡Z¡I, Ges GKvwaK mšÍv‡bi cÖme †e`bv I †Wwjfvwii welqwU cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki Kv‡Q GK ai‡Yi P v‡jÄ e‡j g‡b n‡jI hgR yB ev wZbwU mšÍv‡bi R‡b¥i NUbvi †ewki fvMB Ab †h †Kvb R‡b¥i NUbvi g‡ZvB Avb› vqK I Z…wßg~jK| G iKg A‡bK Mf©ve ’v I wkïi R‡b¥i NUbv cy‡ivcywi mnRfv‡e n‡q _v‡K|

60

hgR

cÖ‡kœi Reve

cÖt hgR wkï‡ì ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bv wK m¤ ¢e?

Dt n¨vu| Avcbvi wkï‡ì Pvwn`v hZUzKz, ZZUzKz `ya Avcbvi kixi ˆZix Ki‡Z cv‡i | hgR wkïiv ey‡Ki `y‡ai Pvwn`v wØ¸Y K‡i †Zv‡j, ZvB Avcbvi kixix `y‡ai mieivn wØ¸Y K‡i †`q| Gfv‡eB m¤ ¢e hgR wZbwU wkï‡KI ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bv (Ges Gi †ewk wkï‡ìI!)

Z‡e ev¯ÍeZvi †cÖw¶‡Z G‡Ki †ewk wkï‡K ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bv Kg‡ewk GKwU P¨v‡j‡Äi g‡Zv| GB wkïiv †QvU AvKv‡ii n‡Z cv‡i, Zv‡ì‡K ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bvi cÖwµqvq Avcwb mn‡RB K¬všÍI n‡q co‡Z cv‡ib, GR‡b¨ Zv‡ì‡K LvIqvi e¨vcv‡i AvMÖwn K‡i Zzj‡Z Avcbv‡K nq‡Zv cÖ_‡g †ek Kó Ki‡Z n‡e| LvIqvi e¨vcv‡i Zv‡ì Af¨vm M‡o Zzj‡Z Avcbv‡K nq‡Zv G wel‡q `¶ KviI mvnvh¨ wb‡Z n‡Z cv‡i (†`L yb c„ 91)| G‡ì LvIqv‡bvi me‡P‡q fv‡jv c×wZ †KvbwUÑGKmv‡_ `yRb‡K LvIqv‡bv, bvwK GKRb GKRb K‡i cvjvµ‡g LvIqv‡bvÑZv wVK Kivi R‡b¨ Avcbvi ìKvi n‡e mg‡qi| GB welqwUi GKwU myivnv Avcwb K‡i †d‡j‡Qb e‡j g‡b n‡jI Avcbvi wkïi cwieZ©bkxj Pvwn`vi mv‡_ Lvc LvIqv‡bvi R‡b¨ Avcbv‡K nq‡Zv IB mgvavbwUi cwieZ©b Ki‡Z n‡Z cv‡i Avevi|

LvIqvi Af v‡mi e vcv‡i hgRiv, hgR bq, Ggb Ab Avi ywU wkïi g‡ZvB, wfbœ iK‡gi cÖeYZvi AwaKvwi n‡Z cv‡i| hgR yRb‡KB mywL ivLvi KvRwU cÖ_g w KKvi mßvn ‡jv‡Z †ek KwVb n‡q DV‡Z cv‡i| Avcbv‡K wb‡Ri Ici Av ’vkxj _vK‡Z n‡e Avi G e vcv‡i Drmvn †c‡Z n‡e Av‡kcv‡ki mevi KvQ †_‡K| N‡ii Ab vb Kv‡Ri e vcv‡iI Avcbvi mvnvh cvIqvi iKvi n‡e| mgq hZ †cwi‡q hv‡e, ey‡Ki ya LvIqv‡bvi e vcviwUI Z‡ZvB Sv‡gjvwenxb n‡Z _vK‡e| A‡bK gwnjvi Kv‡QB ‡evZ‡j K‡i dig~jv ya Zixi Zzjbvq ey‡Ki ya LvIqv‡bv A‡bK mnR e‡j g‡b n‡Z _vK‡e|

Mf©vk‡q hgR wkï Ñ Zviv wKfv‡e Ae ’vb K‡i?

GKvwaK Rb¥-cwimsL¨vb G‡Ki †ewk wkïi Rb¥, Zv `yB, wZb ev ZviI †ewk n‡jI, me©`v gvwëcj ev_© wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ| G‡Kev‡i GKwU wkïi Rb¥‡K singleton (wm½jUb) ejv n‡q _v‡K| • cÖwZ 80wU Mf©avi‡Yi g‡a¨ 1wU‡Z

hgR wkï n‡q _v‡K|

• 8000 Mf©avi‡Yi g‡a¨ 1wU‡Z wkï n‡q _v‡K wZbwU|

• 800,000 Mf©avi‡Yi g‡a¨ 1wU‡Z

wkï n‡q _v‡K 4wU| M‡f© GKvwaK mšÍvb avi‡Yi cÖeYZv cwiev‡ii DËim~wi gwnjv‡ì g‡a¨ †`Lv †h‡Z cv‡i| wW¤^vYy †_‡K GKwUi †ewk wWg Aegy³ Kivi cÖeYZv eskvbyµwgK e‡j aviYv Kiv nq| G Kvi‡YB Õcwiev‡ii g‡a¨ G‡m _v‡KÕ (Õivb Bb d¨vwgwjRÕ) †h me hgR wkï, Zviv GKB iKg nq bv|

Mf©vk‡q hgR wkï‡ì †miv cwRkbwU n‡”Q G iKg †h, `yR‡biB gv_v _vK‡e wb‡Pi w`‡KÑÕcephalic' ('†mdvwjKÕ) ev Õ vertex' ('†fi‡U·Õ)Ñ GB cwRkbwUB mvaviYfv‡e †ewk †`Lv hvq| Z‡e Mf©vk‡qi AvqZ‡bi Ici Pv‡ci A_© n‡”Q, hgR wkï‡ì GKwU ev `ywUiB Ae¯’vb breech (weªP) nIqvUv (A_©vr, cv ev wbZ‡¤î w`K wb‡P _vKv ) A¯^vfvweK bq| Transverse Ae¯’vbI

(cy‡iv Mf©vkq Ry‡o wkïi Ae¯’vb) _vK‡Z cv‡i wkïi, hgR wkï‡ì cÖ_gwUi hw` GB Ae¯’v‡b †_‡KB †ewi‡q Avmvi m¤¢vebv _v‡K, Zvn‡j wmRvwiqvb Kiv‡bv Acwinvh©| hgR wØZxq wkïwU hw` Mf©vkq Ry‡o Ae¯’vb K‡i _v‡K, Zvn‡j cÖ_g wkï †hvwbc‡_ f~wgô nIqvi ci IB wØZxq hgRwU‡K N ywi‡q †`qvi GKwU †Póv Kiv n‡Z cv‡i|

61

‡mKkb: Mf©e¯’v

Avcbvi wkïi ÕAwfÁZv mg~nÕ GUv Rvbv †M‡Q †h, Rb¥-c~e©eZ©x wkïiv Zv‡ì Pvicv‡ki RMZ m¤ú‡K© wKQyUv eyS‡Z m¶g n‡q _v‡K| ‡m¸‡jvi cÖwZ Zviv nq‡Zv mvov w`‡ZI m¶g|

‡ek K‡qK eQi a‡i M‡elKiv Mf©¯’ wkïi mvov cÖ`vb m¤ú‡K© M‡elYv K‡i †`Lvi †Póv K‡i‡Qb| wbw`©ó wKQy NUbvi cÖwZ kvixwiK cÖwZwµqvi welqwU m¤ú‡K© M‡elYv K‡i †`Lv m¤¢e|

A memory of the uterus? Mf©vk‡qi ¯§ „wZ? evev-gv Ges Mf©¯’ wkï‡ì m¤ú‡K© GKmv‡_ M‡elYv Kiv n‡q‡Q| wkïi R‡b¥i ciI Zv Ae¨vnZ ivLv n‡q‡Q| G †_‡K GB m¤¢vebvi Avfvm cvIqv hvq †h, Mf©¯’ Rxe‡bi wKQy ¯§ „wZ wkï‡ì g‡a¨ †_‡K _vK‡Z cv‡i|

GKwU M‡elYv Abyhvwq, Mf©eZx †Kvb †Kvb gwnjvi Zv‡ì Mf©ve¯’vi †k‡li w`‡K cÖwZ mÜ¨vq GK Kvc Pv mn †Uwjwfk‡bi mycwiwPZ †Kvb †mvc A‡civ Dc‡fv‡Mi R‡b¨ Avivg K‡i

emvi Af¨vm wQ‡jv| Mf©¯’ wkïi R‡b¥i ci M‡elKiv hLbB IB A‡civi m~Pbv m½xZwU beRvZK wkïi mvg‡b evwR‡q‡Qb, ZLbB Zv‡ì‡K Avivg`vqK Ae¯’vb wb‡q _vK‡Z (wij¨v· Ki‡Z) †`Lv †M‡Q|

62

Avcbvi wkïi ms¯ú‡k© _vKv

Avcbvi wkï ¯^cœ †`L‡Z cv‡i Ñnq‡Zv M‡f© c~Y© ‡gqv` ch©šÍ Ae¯’vb Kiv wkïi g‡ZvB gvÎ 28 mßv‡ni wkïi gw¯Í‡®‹i mœvq~c_¸‡jvI GKB fv‡e weKwkZ n‡q _v‡K| 32Zg mßvn †_‡K cix¶vi gva¨‡g wkïi g‡a¨ REM (AviBGg-†iwcW AvB gyf‡g›U) N ygv‡bvi e¨vcviwU aiv m¤¢e nq| eo‡ì †ejvq, REM N ygv‡bvi A_©, mswk ó e¨w³wU ¯^cœ †`L‡Qb| M‡elKiv g‡b K‡ib, GB ai‡Yi ¯^cœ †`Lvi gva¨‡g M‡f©i evB‡ii Rxe‡bi R‡b¨ cÖ¯‘wZ wn‡m‡e Mf©¯’ wkïiv Zv‡ì AwfÁZvq aiv cov wKQy bovPov, †kvbv, †`Lv I Abyfe Kivi fvi †_‡K nq‡Zv gy³ n‡q _v‡K|

¯^ cœ †` Lv Avcwb hv Ki‡Z cv‡ib

• Avcbvi wkïi Kv‡Q wbqwgZ fv‡e m½xZ evRvb- Gfv‡e Zv Ki‡Z cv‡ib, GKUv mgq wbw`©ó K‡i wbb, †hgb, cÖwZ mßv‡n 10 wgwbU K‡i K‡qKevi GUv evRv‡eb| M‡elYvq †`Lv †M‡Q, Mvb-evRbv evR‡Z _vKvi mgq Mf©¯’ wkïiv †ewk PzcPvc _v‡K, †hb Zviv Zv ïb‡Q|

• Avcwb I Avcbvi mw½ hLb ï‡q wekªvg wb‡Z _vK‡eb, ZLb Avcbvi wkïi mv‡_ K_v ejyb| Avcbvi wkï Avcbvi KÉ¯î ïb‡Z m¶g| Avcbvi GB KÉ¯î Ab¨vb¨ †Kvjvn‡ji mv‡_ wg‡j bv †M‡j †m Avcbvi KÉ¯î AviI fv‡jvfv‡e ey‡S wb‡Z m¶g | Avcwb wK ej‡Qb, Zv eo K_v bq, kvšÍ I wbqwgZ KÉ¯^‡i Avcwb K_v ej‡Z _vKzb| wK ej‡Z n‡e, Zv hw` wVK ey‡S DV‡Z bv cv‡ib, Zvn‡j nursery rhymes (bvm©vwi ivBg) Ave„wË Ki‡Z _vKzb|

• Mf©ve¯’vi G‡Kev‡i ïi“i mgq †_‡KB Mf©¯’ wkï (†dUvm) ¯úk©KvZi n‡q _v‡K| Mf©ve¯’vi wØZxq ch©v‡q Avcwb wkïi bovPov ¯úó eyS‡Z cvi‡eb| Avcwb Avcbvi Zj‡cU Avj‡Zv I wbqwgZfv‡e ¯úk© I Zv gvwjk Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| GUv Avivg`vqK Ki‡Z Avcwb AjgÛ †Z‡ji g‡Zv †fwR‡Uej †Zj ev nvjKv g‡qðvivBwRs wµg eënvi Ki‡Z cv‡ib| Avcbvi mw½I Ask wb‡Z cv‡ib GB gvwjk-cÖwµqvq|

ÕAvwg hLb GKv _vKZvg, ZLb Avgvi wkïi mv‡_ Avwg K_v ejZvg| mgq mgq †QvULv‡Uv K_vevZ©v Pvwj‡q hvIqv Avgvi Kv‡Q Lye ¯^vfvweK g‡b n‡Zv| Avwg Zv‡K ejZvg, Avgv‡ì Kv‡Q Zvi AvMg‡bi R‡b¨ Avgiv wKfv‡e A‡c¶vq i‡qwQ| Avgiv GKwÎZ nIqvi ci wK Ki‡ev, †m¸‡jv wb‡qI Avwg K_v ejZvg Zvi mv‡_| Avwg †`‡LwQ, Gfv‡e Zvi mv‡_ K_v e‡j LyeB Avb›` nq Ges GKUv kvšÍfv‡ei m „wó nq g‡b|Õ

63


†kLvi wK Av‡Q, evQvB wKfv‡e Kiv hvq? Mf©eZx gwnjv‡ì cÖvq A‡a©KB †Kvb bv †Kvb Gw›UbvUvj K¬v‡k †hvM w`‡q _v‡Kb| wkï jvjb-cvj‡bi cÖ¯‘wZg~jK wk¶v GLv‡b †`qv n‡q _v‡K| GKwU †Kv‡m©i Ask wn‡m‡e mvaviYfv‡e GKwU K¬v‡k Qq †_‡K AvU Rb _v‡Kb| Mf©ve¯’vi †k‡li w`‡K Avcwb G¸‡jv‡Z Ask MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡ib| GB K¬vk¸‡jv bvbv ai‡Yi n‡q _v‡K| †Kvb †Kvb K¬vk †Lvjv‡gjv Ges 'rolling' ('†ivwjsÕ) _v‡K-Avcwb †h †Kvb mgq G¸‡jv‡Z †hvM w`‡Z cv‡ib ev P‡jI †h‡Z cv‡ib G¸‡jv †_‡K| †Kvb †Kvb K¬v‡ki Av‡qvRb we‡kl fv‡e n‡q _v‡K wewfbœ MÖ“‡ci gv Õ‡ì R‡b¨, †hgb, wK‡kvix gv (teenage mother), ev GKB iK‡gi RvwZmZ¡vi (ethnic background) gv‡q‡ì R‡b¨| Gw›UbvUvj K¬v‡k wewfbœ welq m¤ú‡K© e¨vcK Av‡jvPbv n‡q _v‡K, Z‡e †ewki fvM †¶‡Î Avcwb †h me welq m¤ú‡K© GB K¬vk¸‡jv‡Z Rvb‡Z cv‡ib, ‡m¸‡jv n‡jv:

• Mf©ve¯’vq ¯^v¯’¨, Lv`¨ m¤úwK©Z civgk© Ges †QvULv‡Uv Amyweav¸‡jv mvgjv‡bv

• Mf©ve¯’vi †k‡li w`‡K, Ges cÖme †e`bv I wkïi Rb¥Kv‡j wK n‡Z cv‡i

• e¨_vgyw³i weKímg~n

• Avivg`vqK Ae¯’vb (wijv·) I k ¦vm-cÖk ¦v‡mi g‡Zv wb‡Ri R‡b¨ mnvqK †KŠkj eënvi K‡i cÖme †e`bv I wkïi Rb¥-Kvjxb cwiw¯’wZi mv‡_ Lvc LvIqv‡bv

• cÖme †e`bv I wkïi Rb¥ m¤úwK©Z m¤¢ve¨ mgm¨vejx

• wmRvwiqvb †mKkb (Caesarean section), di‡mcm (forceps) (cÖme Kiv‡bvi Kv‡R eëüZ miÄvg), †fb‡UvDR †Wwjfvwi (ventouse delivery) (vaccum suction cup-f¨vKzqvg mvKkb Kvc eënvi K‡i wkï‡K f~wgô Kiv‡bv)

• Mf©ve¯’vKv‡j, wkïi Rb¥Kv‡j I cieZ©x mg‡qi R‡b¨ DcKvwi e¨vqvg

• wkï‡K LvIqv‡bv

• cÖv_wgK w`b I mßvn¸‡jv‡Z Avcbvi wkïi Rb¥

• wkïi Rb¥ cwiKíbv

‡ewki fvM wK¬wbK, nvmcvZvj I †nj_ †m›Uv‡i Gw›UbvUvj K¬v‡ki eë¯’v i‡q‡Q| G¸‡jvi R‡b¨ †Kvb wd w`‡Z nq bv| mvaviYZ wgWIqvBd Ges/A_ev †nj_ wfwRUi G¸‡jv cwiPvjbv K‡i _v‡Kb| GbGBPGm-Gi bq, Ggb Ab¨vb¨ K¬vk¸‡jv wd PvR© Ki‡Z cv‡i| †m¸‡jv cwiPvjbvi `vwq‡Z¡ _v‡Kb we‡klfv‡e cÖwk¶YcÖvß Gw›UbvUvj wk¶Kiv, Giv ¯^v¯’¨ welqK †ckvRxex (Health professionals-†nj_ cÖ‡dkbvj) n‡Z cv‡ib, Z‡e mvaviYZ Zviv ¯^v¯’¨ welqK †ckvRxex nb bv| G‡ì cÖvq mevB wb‡RivI gv| GbGBPGm-Gi K¬vk¸‡jv mvaviYZ wK¬wb‡Ki GKwU K‡¶B AbywôZ n‡q _v‡KÑAb¨vb¨ K¬vk¸‡jv n‡Z cv‡i wk¶‡Ki wb‡Ri evwo‡Z|

64

Gw›UbvUvj K¬vkmg~n

cÖ‡kœi Reve

cÖt ¯’vbxq fv‡e Avwg wK †c‡Z m¶g, †mUv Avwg Rvb‡ev wKfv‡e?

Dt Avcbvi wgWIqvBd ev †nj_ wfwRUi Z‡_ï GKwU fv‡jv Drm| ¯’vbxq wK¬wbK ev nvmcvZv‡ji K¬vk¸‡jvi Ae¯’vb Ges †Kvb †Kvb Zvwi‡L I mg‡q †m¸‡jv AbywôZ n‡q _v‡K, †h †Kvb †nj_ cÖ‡dkbvj Zv †R‡b wb‡Z cvi‡eb| National Childbirth Trust (b¨vkbvj PvBì ev_© Uªv‡÷i) K¬vkmg~n, Scottish Birth Teachers Association (¯‹wUk ev_© wUPvm© G‡mvwm‡qk‡bi)-Gi m`m¨‡ì Øviv cwiPvwjZ K¬vk ev Ab¨vb¨ eë¯’vcbvi Øviv Av‡qvwRZ K¬vkmg~n m¤ú‡K© Z‡_ï R‡b¨ GB eB‡qi †cQ‡bi As‡k †`qv wVKvbv¸‡jv †`‡L wbb ev Avcbvi ¯’vbxq †Uwj‡dvb eyK †`‡L wbb|

Gw›UbvUvj K¬v‡vk Avcbvi mw½ ‡Kvb †Kvb Gw›UbvUvj K¬vk hyMj‡ì (Mf©eZx gwnjv I Zvi mw½i) R‡b¨ Av‡qvwRZ n‡q _v‡K| ïay gvÎ gv ‡mLv‡b †hvM w`‡jI Zviv nq‡Zv mywLB n‡e, Z‡e Avcwb †mLv‡b GKv †hvM w`‡Z †M‡j nq‡Zv wKQyUv A¯^w¯Í †eva Ki‡Z cv‡ib| GKv hvIqvi PvB‡Z mv‡_ GKRb eÜz wb‡q hvIqvi welqwU †f‡e †`Lyb|

cÖt GbGBPGm-Gi bq, Ggb K¬v‡ki R‡b¨ †c‡g›U wK iKg?

Dt GbGBPGm-Gi bq, Ggb K¬v‡ki R‡b¨ †c‡g›U wewfbœ iK‡gi n‡q _v‡K| Z‡e

wd w`‡Z m¶g bv nIqvi Kvi‡Y GB K¬vk¸‡jv‡Z †hvM`vb †_‡K gwnjviv ev` c‡o †h‡Z cv‡ib, wk¶Kiv mvwe©K †cÖ¶vc‡U Zv cQ›` K‡ib bv| K¬vk wd-‡Z cÖvqB fZ©ywK †`qv n‡q _v‡K ev mnR wKw¯Í‡Z cwi‡kv‡ai my‡hvMI-†`qv n‡q _v‡K GB wd| †Kvb †Kvb †¶‡Î wd nq‡Zv †gv‡UI †bqv bv-I n‡Z cv‡i| eywKs‡qi mgq G e¨vcv‡i †R‡b wbb|

GKwU fv‡jv Gw›UbvUvj K¬v‡k mvg‡b `vuwo‡q †_‡K Avcbvi mv‡_ GKRb K_v e‡j hv‡”Qb, Gi PvB‡Z A‡bK †ewk wKQy n‡q _v‡K | GUv:

• Avcbvi R‡b¨ ¸i“Z¡c~Y© welq¸‡jv m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z PvIqv Ges †m¸‡jv wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kivi R‡b¨ Avcbv‡K DrmvwnZ Ki‡e

• Avcwb †hb eyS‡Z cv‡ib, †mfv‡e me wKQy Avcbvi Kv‡Q e¨vL¨v Ki‡e

• Av¯’vi mv‡_ Avcwb †hb cÖme †e`bv, wkïi Rb¥ I wkïi cÖv_wgK jvjb-cvj‡bi KvR¸‡jv mvgjv‡Z cv‡ib, ‡m e¨vcv‡i Avcbv‡K mvnvh¨ Ki‡e

GUv Avcbv‡K Dò, eÜ zZ¡c~Y© GKwU cwi‡e‡k mnvqZv I Drmvn cÖ`vb Ki‡e, †hb

Avcwb bZzb eÜ z †c‡Z cv‡ib Ges K¬v‡ki evèvwK mK‡jI Avcbv‡K mvnvh¨ Ki‡Q, G iKg †hb Avcwb Abyfe Ki‡Z cv‡ib |

Avcwb hw` cÖ_‡g †R‡b †bb, Zvn‡j mwVK K¬vk †e‡Q †bqv mnRZi n‡e| GB K¬vk¸‡jv m¤ú‡K© Ges fv‡jv wi‡cvU© G¸‡jvi ‡KvbwU m¤ú‡K© i‡q‡Q, wgWIqvBd Zv Rvb‡eb| m¤cÖwZ hviv gv n‡q‡Qb, Zv‡ì KvD‡K Avcwb hw` †P‡bb, Zvn‡j Zviv †Kvb fv‡jv K¬v‡k wM‡qwQ‡jb wK-bv, Zv‡ì KvQ †_‡K Zv †R‡b wbb| Avcwb hw` Pvb, Zvn‡j GK †m‡Ui †ewk K¬v‡kI Avcwb Ask wb‡Z cv‡ib|

‡Kvb †Kvb Gw›UbvUvj †Kv‡m© hyMj‡ì (Mf©eZx gwnjv I Zvi mw½i) R‡b¨ †mkb ev ÕïaygvÎ cyi“l‡ì R‡b¨Õ †mkb AbywôZ n‡q _v‡K|

Avcbvi R‡b¨ †KvbwU mwVK, †mUv Avcwb I Avcbvi †Kvb mw½ (partner) †_‡K _vK‡j, wZwbmnÑAvcbv‡ì `yR‡bi we‡ePbvi e¨vcvi| †Kvb ai‡Yi K¬v‡k bv hvIqvi e¨vcv‡i †Kvb †Kvb mw½ Abo _v‡Kb Avi ney gv‡q‡ì †KD †KD cQ›` K‡i _v‡Kb GKv GKv hvIqvUvB| mswk ó wewfbœ wel‡q GKB ai‡Yi D‡ØM i‡q‡Q, Ggb AviI A‡b‡Ki mv‡_ wgwjZ nIqvi e¨vcv‡i mw½‡ì R‡b¨ Gw›UbvUvj K¬v‡k ‡hvM`vb GKwU fv‡jv my‡hvM| G‡Z K‡i ‡Kvb cÖkœ wRÁvmvi my‡hvMI Zv‡ì n‡q _v‡K| mw½iv wkïi R‡b¥i mgq Ges ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bvi mgq wK fv‡e mnvqZv Ki‡Z cv‡ib, †m m¤ú‡K©I †R‡b wb‡Z cv‡ib GB K¬vk †_‡K| Avcwb gvwjk I Avivg`vqK Ae¯’vb MÖn‡Yi (wijv‡·kb) †KŠkj PP©v Ki‡Z cv‡ib Ges hyMj wn‡m‡e Avcbviv M‡o Zzj‡Z cv‡ib bZzb eÜ zZ¡I|

Avcbvi mw½ hw` gwnjv nb, Zvn‡j Avcbv‡ì m¤ú‡K©i e¨vcviUv, Avcwb †hfv‡e PvB‡eb, †Mvcb ivLv n‡Z cv‡i ev,†Mvcb bv-I ivLv n‡Z cv‡i| gwnjv eÜ z I AvZ¥xq-¯^Rbiv cÖvqB Gw›UbvUvj K¬v‡k Mf©eZx gwnjv‡ì mv‡_ wM‡q _v‡Kb|

65


Avcbvi hv wKQy cÖ‡qvRb n‡e Avcbvi wkïi hv wKQy cÖ‡qvRb n‡e, Zvi mewKQyB Avcbv‡K GKev‡i wK‡b wb‡Z n‡e bv| wkï‡ì cÖ‡hvRbxq A‡bK wRwbmB Avm‡j ìKvi nq A‡bK c‡i| wkï‡ì cÖ‡qvRb nq Kvco-‡Pvco, b¨vwc, Nygv‡bvi R‡b¨ Dò I cwi”Qbœ RvqMv, Zvi ÕPoviÕ R‡b¨ wkï‡K en‡bi Dc‡hvwM †Kvb wKQy, cÖ¨vg ev cyk †Pqvi (†kvqvi eë¯’v Ñ jvB e¨vK cwRkbmn), weQvbv, Avcwb hw` Mvwo eënvi K‡i _v‡Kb, Zvn‡j GKwU Kvi †mBdwU wmUÑcÖ_g K‡qK gv‡mi R‡b¨ G ch©šÍB| †h me wkï‡K †evZ‡j `ya LvIqv‡bv nq, Zv‡ì R‡b¨ `y‡ai †evZj I sterilising equipment (RxevY~gy³ Kivi miÄvg) (†`L yb c„ 99-101)| LyeB cÖ_g w`‡Ki mßvn¸wj‡Z AwZwi³ weKí • baby carrier ev sling (‡ewe

K¨vwiqvi ev w¯ s - wkï‡K S zwj‡q enb Kivi Dc‡hvwM †Kvb wKQy)|

• baby bath (‡ewe ev_)ÑGUv Kv‡R jv‡M, wKš‘ Acwinvh© bq| Avcbvi wkï eo ev_B eënvi Ki‡Z cvi‡e, ev cÖ_g GK ev `yB mßvn GKwU cwi®‹vi washing-up bowl eënvi Ki‡jI Pj‡e|

• Crib/Moses basket-(wµe-wkïi R‡b¨ wKbviv †Zvjv †eW)/†gv‡mm ev‡¯‹U-wkï‡ì R‡b¨ enb‡hvM¨ KU)Ñ ÕeoÕ K‡Ui Zzjbvq †`L‡Z my›ì I GUv ¯’vbvšÍi Kiv mnR, Z‡e GB weQvbvi Zzjbvq wkï wkMMxiB eo n‡q hvq|

• Cuddly toys - (KvWwj Uq-Rwo‡q a‡i ivLvi g‡Zv †Ljbv), wkïi i“‡g ivLvi R‡b¨ PgrKvi, Z‡e cÖ_g K‡qK gvm G¸‡jvi cÖwZ Avcbvi wkïi †Kvb AvMÖnB Rb¥v‡e bv|

• Changing mat or table (†PwÄs g¨vU ev †Uwej-b¨vwc e`jv‡bvi g¨vU ev †Uwej)-N‡ii †g‡S ev Avcbvi †Kvjmn cwi®‹vi I XvKv †h †Kvb PIov ¯’vbB Avcbvi wkïi b¨vwc e`jvevi Kv‡R eënvi Kiv hv‡e (Avcbvi hw` wmRvwiqvb n‡q _v‡K, Zvn‡j Avcbvi wKQyUv D uPz RvqMvi cÖ‡qvRb n‡e, †hgb, GKwU †PwÄs BDwbU ev †Wªwms †Uwe‡ji Ic‡i GKwU g¨vU)|

• Breast pump (‡eª÷ cv¤ú)ÑG¶zwY GUv Avcbvi ìKvi n‡e bv| †h †Kvb †¶‡Î, cv¤ú eënvi Qvov, nv‡Zi mvnv‡h¨ `ya †ei Kiv GKwU Kvh©Ki `¶Zv, hv wk‡L wb‡Z nq (†`L yb c„ 98)|

Avcbvi wkïi †hme Kvco-†Pvco cÖ‡qvRb n‡e, †m e¨vcv‡i wKQy civg‡k©i R‡b¨ †`L yb c„ 113|

Avcwb A_© evuPv‡Z cvi‡eb, hw` Avcwb: • †hLv‡b m¤¢eci †mLv‡b cyi‡bv

(second hand) mvgMÖx †K‡bb|

Gme mvgMÖx KZUzKz †UKmB I wbivc`

Zv Av‡M cix¶v K‡i †b‡eb| • nvZ Mwj‡q c‡o †djv hvq, Ggb Kvco

eënvi K‡ib-wkï‡ì fv‡jv Kvco-†Pvco ‡ek KÕwU wkïi R‡b¨ eënvi Kiv hvq|

• beRvZ‡Ki mvBR Abyhvwq Kvco bv

†K‡bb| cieZ©x mvBRwU †`L‡Z eo g‡b n‡Z cv‡i, wKš‘ Avcbvi wkïi Zv‡Z wKQy hvq Av‡m bv| (Aek¨, ‡QvU AvK…wZi ev †gqv`-c~e©eZ©x wkïi cÖ‡qvRb n‡e beRvZ‡Ki mvB‡Ri wKQy Kvco)|

• cyi‡bv †ewW wkU †K‡U Zv w`‡q KU I cª¨v‡gi †ewWs evbvb|

• ‡h me miÄvg mvgvb¨ K‡qK mßvn ev K‡qK gv‡mi PvB‡Z †ewk mg‡qi R‡b¨ cÖ‡qvRb n‡e bv, †m¸‡jv avi wn‡m‡e msMÖn K‡ib A_ev Ggb †Kvb eÜ z ev AvZ¥x‡qi mv‡_ IB miÄvg¸‡jvi `vg fvMvfvwM K‡i ‡bb, hv‡ì wkï Avcbvi wkïi R‡b¥i K‡qK gvm Av‡M ev c‡i Rb¥ †b‡e e‡j cÖZ¨vwkZ ZvwiL i‡q‡Q|

66

Avcbvi wkïi R‡b¨ cÖ¯‘wZ †bqv


Avcbvi wkï hLb Av‡M G‡m hvq Mf©ve¯’vi 37Zg mßv‡ni Av‡M ïi“ nIqv cÖme †e`bv‡K mvaviYZ †gqv` c~e©eZ©x cÖme †e`bv ejv nq| MZ K‡qK eQi a‡i, †gqv` cy‡iv nIqvi Av‡M Rb¥ †bqv wkï‡ì `xN ©¯’vwq †Kvb mgm¨v Qvov †e u‡P _vKvi I DbœwZ nIqvi A‡bK †ewk m¤¢vebv †`Lv †M‡Q| ‡gqv` c~e©eZ©x GKwU wkïi fwel¨Z †hme wel‡qi Øviv cÖfvweZ n‡Z cv‡i, †m¸‡jv n‡jv:

• KZ mßvn a‡i Avcbvi Mf©ve¯’v Ae¨vnZ i‡q‡Q, Zvi msL¨v (hZ †ewk nq, ZZ fv‡jv)|

• wkïi AvKvi| eo AvKv‡ii wkïiv, Ab¨vb¨ w`K †_‡K ¯^v¯’ëvb n‡q _vK‡j, Zv‡ì †e u‡P _vKvi m¤¢vebv mvaviYZ †ewk|

• wkïi Rb¥ m¤úwK©Z †Kvb A¯^vfvweKZv Av‡Q wKbv|

• we‡klÁ ch©v‡qi hZœ (specialist care) cÖvwßi my‡hvM|

23 mßv‡ni Av‡M Rb¥ †bqv wkïi mvgvb¨ wKQy mg‡qi †ewk †e u‡P _vKvi NUbv cÖvq N‡UB bv| †gvU †e u‡P _vKv wkï‡ì g‡a¨ 24 mßv‡n Rb¥ †bqv wkï‡ì A‡a©‡Ki wKQy Kg msL¨KB †e u‡P _v‡K| 25 mßv‡n Rb¥ †bqv wkïi †e u‡P _vKvi m¤¢vebv 50 kZvs‡ki mvgvb¨ wKQy †ewk| 26 mßv‡n GB m¤¢vebv kZKiv 75 fvM Ges 28 mßv‡n kZKiv 85 fvM wkïi †e u‡P _vKvi m¤¢vebv †_‡K _v‡K| Mf©ve¯’v 35Zg mßv‡n DcbxZ nIqv bvMv` wkï Ae¯’v fv‡jv ch©v‡q †cŠu‡Q hvIqvi K_v, Z‡e wKQy mgq nq‡Zv Zv‡K we‡kl †Kqv‡i KvUv‡Z n‡Z cv‡i| ‡gqv` c~e©eZ©x wKQy wkï †e u‡P _v‡K, wKš‘ Zvi ¯’vwq ev `xN © †gqvw` disability (cÖwZeÜKZv) ev ¯^v¯’¨MZ mgm¨v _vK‡Z cv‡i|

wKQy wkïi Rb¥ Av‡M n‡q _v‡K ‡Kb? me mgq GUv Rvbv hvq bv †h, wKQy gwnjvi cÖme †e`bv †Kb Av‡M ïi“ nq| Gi A‡bK m¤¢ve¨ KviY i‡q‡Q:

• gv‡qi kix‡i Bb‡dKkb

• Ggb kvixwiK cwiw¯’wZ †hgb • pre-eclampsia (wcÖ-

GKjv¤úwkqv-g„wM†iv‡Mi c~e©-j¶Y)|

• G‡Ki †ewk wkky| ‡ewki fvM hgR `yB ev wZbwU wkïi Rb¥ 38 mßv‡ni Av‡M n‡q _v‡K Ges A‡b‡Ki Rb¥ n‡q _v‡K GiI Av‡M| Mf©vk‡qi Ici hLb †ewk Pvc co‡Z _v‡K, ZLb Gi contraction (ms‡KvPb) ïi“ n‡q hvq|

• ‡miwf‡· (cevvix) `ye©jZv|

Avcbvi cÖme †e`bv hw` Av‡M ïi“ nq, Zvn‡j Avcbvi wSwj (Membranes) nq‡Zv wQbœ n‡q hv‡e (Avcbvi cvwb ÕfvO‡eÕ), ev Avcwb Abyfe Ki‡Z ïi“ Ki‡eb contraction (ms‡KvPb)| Avcbvi hw` m‡›`n nq †h, Avcbvi cÖme †e`bv ïi“ n‡q‡Q, ev Avcbvi hw` i³cvZ n‡Z _v‡K, Zvn‡j Z¶zwY nvmcvZv‡j †dvb Ki“b|

Avcbvi cÖme †e`bv Kwg‡q Avbv ev GgbwK Zv eÜ KivI m¤¢e n‡Z cv‡i| Avcbvi ms‡KvPb eÜ Kivi R‡b¨ †`qv Ily‡ai Kvi‡Y Avcbvi wkï Mf©vk‡q AviI †ewk mgq Ae¯’v‡bi my‡hvM †c‡Z cv‡i| respiratory distress syndrome (†imwc‡iUwi wWm‡Uªm wmb‡Wªvg) wb‡q Avcbvi wkïi Rb¥ MÖnY †VKv‡bvi R‡bÏ Avcbvi wPwKrmv Kiv‡bv n‡Z cv‡i| GB ciw¯’wZ †`Lv w`‡j k ¦vm-cÖk ¦vm ¶wZMÖ¯Í n‡Z cv‡i ¸i“Zifv‡e|

†Kvb †Kvb mgq GKRb gv-†K GUv ejv n‡Z cv‡i †h, Zvi cÖme †e`bv RvwM‡q †Zvjvi (induce-Kivi) cÖ‡qvRb i‡q‡Q, KviY, Zvi Ae¯’v Ggb ch©v‡q DbœxZ n‡q‡Q †h, Zvi ¯^v¯’¨ ev Zvi wkïi ¯^v¯’¨ ûgwKMÖ¯Í n‡q c‡o‡Q| Gi KviY GUvI n‡Z cv‡i †h, Mf©vk‡qi evB‡i Zvi wkïi †e u‡P _vKv ev Zvi ¯^v¯’¨ wVK _vKvi m¤¢vebv i‡q‡Q e‡j g‡b Kiv n‡”Q (cÖme †e`bv RvMv‡bvi e¨vcv‡i AviI Z‡_ï R‡b¨ †`L yb c„ 75)|

‡¯úkvj †Kqv‡i Avcbvi wkï m¤ú‡K© Z‡_ï R‡b¨ †`L yb c„ 29|

67

‡gqv` c~e©eZ©x cÖme †e`bv


R‡b¥i Av‡M Avcbvi wkï‡K nviv‡bv cÖwZ PviwUi g‡a¨ GKwU Mf©ve¯’v bó (miscarry) n‡q _vK‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e mvaviYfv‡e GUv ejv n‡q _v‡K †h, QqwU wbwðZ †cÖMb¨vwÝi g‡a¨ miscarriage (wgmK¨v‡iR-Mf©cvZ) n‡q _v‡K GKwU| wgmK¨v‡iR ej‡Z 24 mßv‡ni Av‡M åƒY-wkï bó n‡q hvIqv †evSvq| cÖwZ 200wUi g‡a¨ GKwU wkï g„Z Ae¯’vq f~wgô nq (24 mßv‡ni ci gviv hvq Mf©vk‡q)| A¯^vfvweKZvi Kvi‡Y Mf©ve¯’vi Aemvb NUv‡bv n‡jI Gi cwimgvwß N‡U| Miscarriage (wgmK¨v‡iR-Mf©cvZ) wgmK¨v‡iR‡K †gwWK¨vj Uv‡g© 'spontaneous abortion' (¯^Z:ù‚Z© Mf©cvZ) ejv n‡q _v‡K| †ewki fvM wgmK¨v‡iR cÖ_g wZb gv‡mi g‡a¨ n‡q _v‡K Ges †ewki fvM ‡¶‡ÎB wgmK¨v‡i‡Ri ¯úó †Kvb KviY †`Lv hvq bv| Avgiv Rvwb, ïi“i w`‡Ki (Mf©ve¯’vq 12 mßv‡ni Av‡M) wgmK¨v‡iR mvaviYZ bó n‡q hvIqv wW¤^vYyi ('blighted ovum') Kvi‡Y n‡q _v‡K| Mf©ve¯’v wVKg‡Zv Ae¨vnZ bv _vK‡j GUv n‡q _v‡K| `„k¨Z G iKg nIqvi †Kvb KviY †`Lv hvq bv|

KL‡bv KL‡bv, Mf©ve¯’vi Aemvb N‡U, wKš‘ åƒY †_‡K hvq Mf©vk‡qi †fZ‡i| GUv‡K ejv nq, missed abortion (e¨_© Mf©cvZ)| †Kvb ai‡Yi n¯Í‡¶c QvovB GUv GK mgq †ewi‡q Avm‡e, Z‡e 'evacuation of uterus' (BfvKz‡qkb Ae BD‡Uivm-Mf©vkq LvwjKiY) bv‡gi GKwU †QvU ¯^í¯’vwq Acv‡ik‡bi eë¯’v

Kiv n‡q _v‡K cÖvqB| GB Acv‡ikb Kiv n‡q _v‡K G‡bm‡_wUK cÖ‡qv‡Mi gva¨‡g|

‡Kvb †Kvb mgq cervical incompetence (†miwfKvj BbKgwc‡UÝ-Mf©vk‡qi wb‡Pi As‡ki Amyweav)-i Kvi‡Y wgmK¨v‡iR N‡U _v‡K| Gi A_©, cervix (Mf©vk‡qi wb‡Pi Ask) eÜ _vK‡Q bv| Mf©vk‡q hLb ms‡KvPb ïi“ nq, ZLb GUv eo n‡Z ïi“ K‡i| wkïi Rxebvemvb N‡U cÖvq 20Zg mßv‡ni Av‡M|

Ectopic pregnancy (GK‡UvwcK †cÖMb¨vwÝ-Mf©ve¯’vi evB‡i åƒY-wkïi weKvk) Mf©vk‡qi evB‡i GB Mf©ve¯’v weKwkZ n‡q‡Q, mvaviYZ fallopian tube-G (wW¤^bvjx‡Z)-GB Mf©ve¯’v weKwkZ n‡Z _v‡K| (†`L yb c„ 17 I 35)|

Hydatidiform mole (nvBWvwUwWdig †gvj -c v‡m›Uvi åƒ‡Yi As‡k i³bvjx ¸”Q) GUv cÖK…Z Mf©ve¯’v bq, eis, c v‡m›Uvq cwiYZ n‡e †h wUmÿmg~n, †m¸‡jv †_‡K D™ ¢~Z Zij c`v‡_© cwic~Y© GK ai‡Yi _‡ji ¸”Q GUv| Acv‡ik‡bi gva¨‡g Zv AcmviY Kiv nq ev Mf©vk‡q †e`bv m„wói gva¨‡g †ei K‡i Avbv nq Zv|

Stillbirth (g„Z Ae¯’vq f~wgô nIqv) †Kvb †Kvb wkïi g„Zÿ nq Mf©vk‡q ev R‡b¥i mgq| Z‡e G iKg mvaviYZ N‡UB bv| ¸i“Zi ai‡Yi †Kvb A¯^vfvweKZvi Kvi‡Y G iKg n‡Z cv‡i| A_ev, c v‡m›Uv fv‡jvfv‡e KvR Kiv _vwg‡q ‡`qvi Kvi‡Y n‡Z cv‡i G iKg Avi Zvi d‡j wkïi Kv‡Q Aw·‡R‡bi mieivn nq‡Zv K‡g hvq, ‡h Kvi‡Y g„Zÿ n‡Z cv‡i Zvi| cÖvq †¶‡ÎB wkïi G iKg g„Zÿi KviY Avm‡j Rvbv hvq bv|

Avcbvi wkï‡K we`vq Rvbv‡bv wgmK¨v‡i‡Ri cieZ©x‡Z cÖme †e`bv I †Wwjfvwii ci f~wgô n‡e Avcbvi g„Z wkï| A‡bK wcZv-gvZv m¤¢e n‡j GB wkïwU‡K Rwo‡q ai‡Z Pvb Acwimxg `ytL-†e`bvi ü`‡q aviY K‡i| i³-gvs‡m Mov GKwU ‡QvÆ gvbe mšÍvb‡K nvivevi †h AeY©bxq Kó, Zvi MfxiZv dz‡U I‡V Gi ga¨ w`‡q| GB wkïwU wQ‡jv Zv‡ì eû AvKvswLZ, hv‡K fv‡jvevmvi cÖvPzh© w`‡q ¯^vMZ Rvbvevi cÖ¯‘wZ †bqv n‡qwQ‡jv| Avcwb Zv‡K Kvco cwi‡q w`‡Z cv‡ib ev gy‡o wb‡Z cv‡ib Kvc‡o, Rwo‡q ai‡Z cv‡ib cig ggZvi mv‡_| Avcbvi R‡b¨ GKRb wgWIqvBd ev Wv³vi Zvi Qwe Zz‡j w`‡Z cv‡ib| Avcwb nq‡Zv Avcbvi GB wkïwU‡K mivmwi Rwo‡q ai‡Z bv-I PvB‡Z cv‡ib, Z‡e GKRb ms‡e`bkxj wgWIqvBd Avcwb ‡mUv Pvb wK-bv, GK A_ev `yevi Avcbv‡K ‡m e¨vcv‡i wRÁvmv Ki‡eb| cieZ©x‡Z A‡bK wcZv-gvZvB GB Ag~j¨ ¯§ „wZ Ggbfv‡e aviY K‡i _v‡Kb †h, Zviv IB mgq n¨v u ejvi my‡hvM †hb Avcwb †c‡Z cv‡ib, Zv wbwðZ Ki‡Z PvB‡eb|

wKfv‡e †klK…Z¨vbyôv‡bi Av‡qvRb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i, †m m¤ú‡K© nvmcvZvj KZ©„c¶‡K wRÁvmv Ki“b, ev Avcwb wb‡RI ‡mB Av‡qvRb Ki‡Z cv‡ib| Avcwb ag©vbyivwM †nvb ev bv-B †nvb, nvmcvZv‡ji ag©hvRK G e¨vcv‡i (chaplain) mnvqZv I Z_¨ jv‡fi GKwU fv‡jv Drm n‡Z cv‡ib|

Avcbvi wgWIqvBd ev Wv³vi Avcbvi wkïi gqbv Z`šÍ Kivi (post-mortem) e¨vcv‡i Avcbvi AbygwZ PvB‡Z cv‡ib| †Kb A vcbvi wkïi GB g„Zÿ n‡jv, †m m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z GUv mnvqK n‡Z cv‡i| ms‡e`bkxjZvi mv‡_ gqbv Z`šÍ Kiv n‡q _v‡K Ges Gi †Kvb iK‡gi cÖfve Avcwb cÖvq †`L‡ZB cv‡eb bv|

68

KLb Mf©ve¯’vq mgm¨v †`Lv †`q

cÖ‡kœi Reve

cÖt Avgvi Av‡M `yevi Mf©ve¯’vi cÖ_g w`‡K wgmK¨v‡iR n‡q‡Q| Av‡iKevi †Póv K‡i †`L‡Z ejv n‡q‡Q Avgv‡K| AveviI Mf©eZx n‡j Av‡iKwU wkï Avwg nviv‡ev bv, wK K‡i Zv Avwg wbwðZ Ki‡Z cvwi?

Dt ‡gwWK¨vj msÁv Abyhvwq ‘recurrent miscarriage’ †mwU‡KB

ejv nq, hLb G‡Ki ci GK wZb ev Zvi †ewk evi wgmK¨v‡iR n‡q _v‡K| yevi wgmK¨v‡iR nIqv Avcbvi R‡b¨ LyeB †e`bv`vqK, Z‡e m¤¢eZ Af¨šÍixY †Kvb cwiw ’wZi mv‡_ Zvi †Kvb m¤úK© †bB| Avcbvi cieZ©x Mf©ve ’vi †gqv` cy‡iv nIqvi m¤¢vebv h‡_ó †ewk| Z‡e cieZ©x †cÖMb¨vwÝ Avcbvi R‡b¨ D‡ØMc~Y© n‡q `vuov‡e e‡j GB mgqwU‡Z Avcbvi ìKvi n‡e Av‡eMRwbZ w`K †_‡K mnvqZv |

Mf©¶‡qi ci Av‡eMRwbZ mnvqZv Ab¨ †h me gwnjv Zv‡ì wkï nvwi‡q‡Qb,

Zviv Avcbv‡K nq‡Zv eo ai‡Yi mnvqZv

w`‡Z cv‡ib| Avcwb GK bb, GUv Rvb‡Z

cvivUvB GKUv weivU e¨vcvi| hviv Abyfe

Ki‡Z cv‡ib, Zv‡ì mvg‡b Avcbv‡K

mvnmx nIqvi fvb Ki‡Z n‡e bv| †`L yb AviI mvnvh¨ AskwU GB eB‡qi †cQ‡bi

w`‡K, †h me MÖ“c G e¨vcv‡i Avcbv‡K

mvnvh¨ Ki‡Z cvi‡e, Zv‡ì wVKvbv I

†dvb bv¤^vi †mLv‡b †`qv Av‡Q|

ÕAvgvi g‡b n‡qwQ‡jv AvwgB GKgvÎ e¨w³, †h wkï mšÍvb nvwi‡q‡Q ÑÕ g „Z wkï f~wgô nIqÕv (stillbirth) kãwUB Avwg Avgvi Rxe‡b Gi Av‡M KL‡bv ïwbwb| Gici †jvKRb hLb Avgvi Kv‡Q G‡m‡Qb, ZLb g‡b n‡q‡Q, Zviv Avgv‡K wK ej‡eb, ‡m e¨vcv‡i wbw ðZ bb| Avwg †`‡LwQ, †jvKRb Avgvi mv‡_ K_v ejvi PvB‡Z, eis iv¯Ív †cwi‡q Ab¨w`‡K P‡j †M‡Qb| Avgvi G‡Zv GKv †j‡M‡Q| Avgvi g‡b nq, Zviv Lye weeªZ †eva K‡i‡QbÑZ‡e Ggb g‡b n‡q‡Q †h, Zviv †hb Avgv‡K wb‡q fve‡Qb bv| A_ev Avgvi K‡ói PvB‡Z Zviv †ewk †f‡e‡Qb Zv‡ì weeªZ†evawU wb‡qB| AveviI Mf©eZx nIqv Avcwb hw` m¤cÖwZ †Kvb wkï nvwi‡q _v‡Kb, Zvn‡j, Avcwb, †KvbI w`b hw` Pvb, Zvn‡jI nq‡Zv cieZ©x wKQy w`‡bi g‡a¨ Av‡iKevi Mf©eZx nIqvi e¨vcviwU wb‡q wPšÍv Ki‡eb bv; A_ev Avcwb nq‡Zv Avcbvi `yB evû‡Z, Avcbvi Rxe‡b †h k~b¨Zv m„wó n‡q‡Q, Zv c~i‡Yi R‡b¨ Av‡iKwU wkïi R‡b¨ AvKzj n‡q DV‡Z cv‡ib| G‡KK R‡bi Abyf~wZ G‡KK iK‡gi n‡q _vK‡Z cv‡i| Abyfe ‡Kgb n‡e, Zvi †Kvb ÕmwVKÕ ev Õ¯^vfvweKÕ cš’v †bB|

Av‡iKevi Mf©eZx nIqviI †Kvb ÕmwVKÕ mgq wba©vwiZ †bB| †gwWK¨vj `„wófw½i Av‡jv‡K Avcbvi kixi cy‡ivcywi †m‡i IVv I Avcbvi gvwmK i³mªve c×wZwU Avevi cÖwZôvi ¯^v‡_© wZb †_‡K Qq gvm mgq Avcbvi cÖ‡qvRb| Z‡e Av‡eMRwbZ w`K †_‡K GB mgqwU nq‡Zv Avcbvi R‡b¨ †ek ZvovZvwo e‡j g‡b n‡Z cv‡i| †KejgvÎ AvcwbB Rv‡bb, †Kvb& mgqwU mwVK n‡eÑ†Kvb †Kvb `¤úwZ `ytL-†e`bv KvwU‡q IVvi R‡b¨ mgq ‡bqvUvB †e‡Q wb‡Z cv‡ib| ‡h wkï Avcwb nvwi‡q‡Qb, Zvi R‡b¨ GK eyK e¨_v wb‡q Av‡iKwU wkïi R‡b¥i cÖ¯‘wZ MÖnY †ek KwVb n‡Z cv‡i|

WILL IT HAPPEN AGAIN? (G iKg wK AveviI n‡e?)

Avcbvi wgWIqvBd I wRwc Avcbv‡K mnvqZv w`‡Z cv‡ib| †Kb Avcwb wkï nvwi‡q‡Qb, †m e¨vcviwU Avcwb †evSvi R‡b¨ m¤¢e n‡j Zviv Avcbvi †bvU mn Avcbvi mv‡_ e‡m Zv Avcbv‡K eywS‡q †`qvi †Póv Ki‡Z cv‡ib| Zviv Avcbv‡K G e¨vcv‡i AveviI Avk ¦ Í Kivi D‡`¨vMI wb‡Z cv‡ib †h, GB e¨vcviwUi R‡b¨ †Kvbfv‡eB Avcwb `vwq bb| Mf©ve¯’vi †kl w`‡K wgmK¨v‡iR ev g„Z wkï f~wgô nIqvi cieZ©x‡Z wgWIqvB‡di

hZœ Avcbvi cÖ‡qvRb n‡e| Mf©ve¯’vRwbZ Amy¯’Zv †_‡K Avcbvi cy‡ivcywi †m‡i IVvi R‡b¨ GUv cÖ‡qvRb|

GKwU wgmK¨v‡iR ev g„Z wkï cÖm‡ei ci †jvKRb †ewki fvM †¶‡ÎB gv‡qi e¨vcv‡iB †ewk wPšÍv-fvebv K‡i _vK‡Z cv‡ib, wKš‘ Zv‡ì mw½‡ìI (partner) mnvqZvi cÖ‡qvRb| Avcwb I †nj_ cÖ‡dkbvj‡ì g‡a¨ Avcbvi mw½ _vK‡Z cv‡ib cÖavb †hvMm~Î wn‡m‡e, ‡m Kvi‡Y GUv Zvi R‡b¨ n‡Z cv‡i L ye †e`bv`vqK|

†h me Kvi‡Y g„Z wkï cÖme n‡q _v‡K, wkïi Rb¥-cieZ©x g„Zÿ N‡U _v‡K ev n‡q _v‡K wgmK¨v‡iR, †m me Kvi‡Yi cybive„wË L ye KgB nq| Z‡e wKQy Kvi‡Yi cybive„wË NU‡Z cv‡i| wK iKg n‡Z cv‡i Zv, †m e¨vcv‡i Avcbv‡K Z_¨ †`qv n‡e|

KL‡bv KL‡bv cieZ©x mgq wba©vi‡Yi e¨vcv‡i Mf©avi‡Yi c~e©eZ©x †Kqvi (pre-conception care) ev cÖRbb welqK civgk© (genetic counselling) mnvqK n‡Z cv‡i| GUv we‡kl fv‡e mnvqK n‡Z cv‡i, hw` Avcbvi Ggb †Kvb D‡ØM †_‡K _v‡K †h, Avcwb ev Avcbvi mw½i ¯^v¯’¨MZ Ggb †Kvb mgm¨v ev eskvbyµwgK Ggb †Kvb Ae¯’v weivRgvb _vKvi m¤¢vebv i‡q‡Q, hvi Kvi‡Y Mf©aviY n‡Z cv‡i ¶wZMÖ¯Í| G iKg †¶‡Î Avcbvi Wv³vi GKRb †¯úkvwj‡÷i Kv‡Q Avcbv‡K †idvi Ki‡Z cv‡ib|

69

†mKkb `yB: Rb¥

‡Kvb& †Kvb& w`‡K j¶¨ ivL‡Z n‡e

Avcbvi cÖme †e bv I wkïi Rb¥ AwØZxq Ges gwnjv‡ i AwfÁZv n‡q _v‡K wfbœ wfbœ iK‡giÑme ^vfvweK, wKš‘ †KvbwU m¤ú‡K© AvMvg wKQy ejv hvq bv| cÖme †e`bvi ïi“Uv cÖvq †¶‡ÎB ¯úó _v‡K bv| KL‡bv KL‡bv Zv ïi“ n‡jI Avcwb cy‡ivcywi ‡mUv ai‡Z cv‡ib bv| cÖme †e`bvi j¶Y n‡Z cv‡i G iKg †h, K‡qK N›Uvi eëav‡b e¨_vi cybive„wË NU‡Z cv‡i ev Zv n‡Z cv‡i AviI j¤^v mgq Ry‡o| ¯úó j¶Y¸‡jv n‡”Q:

• ÕcÖ`k©bÕ (the ‘show’): AvVv‡jv wcw”Qj c`v_© ev operculum †ewi‡q Avmv, hv †miwf‡·i †Lvjv Ask eÜ K‡i iv‡L| †Kvb †Kvb gwnjvi †¶‡Î GUv †Mvjvwc i‡Oi ‡dv uUv †dv uUv †Rwji g‡Zv AvKv‡i †ewi‡q Av‡m †hvwbc_ w`‡q| Ab¨ AviI wKQy gwnjvi †¶‡Î †QvU †QvU UzK‡ivi AvKv‡i G‡Ki ci GK Zv †ewi‡q Av‡m| Avevi Avi KviI †¶‡Î Zv n‡q _v‡K jvj‡P ev`vwg i‡Oi Ges mvgvb¨ i³ wgwkªZ| cÖme †e`bvi cÖ¯‘wZ wn‡m‡e †miwf· m¤cÖmvwiZ n‡Z I wKQyUv big n‡Z

ïi“ K‡i‡Q, GUv Zvi GKUv j¶Y| Avcwb cÖK…Z cÖme †e`bvi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Qb, Gi Øviv †mUv bv-I †evSv‡Z cv‡i| cÖ`k©b I h_v_© cÖme †e`bvi g‡a¨ †ek wKQy w`b cvi n‡q †h‡Z cv‡i ev G `y‡Uvi g‡a¨ dvivK _vK‡Z cv‡i gvÎ GK N›Uv ev G iKg GKwU mgq A_ev Gm‡ei gaëZ©x †h †Kvb mgq|

• cvwb fvOv (breaking of the waters’): wSwj , ev Ggbv‡qvwUK m¨vK (amniotic sac) n‡”Q Zij c`v_© fwZ© e¨vM

hv Mf©vk‡qi g‡a¨ wkï‡K wN‡i i‡q‡Q| wSwj hLb †f‡O hvq ev wQbœ nq, ZLb Zij c`v_© †ewi‡q Av‡m| GUv NUvi mgq G iKgI n‡Z cv‡i †h, Avcbvi cv †e‡q AvKw¯§Kfv‡e Zv X‡ji g‡Zv bvg‡Z ïi“ K‡i‡Q| Aek¨ †ewki fvM †¶‡Î GUv ïi“ nq Pz uB‡q covi g‡Zv K‡i| Avcbvi cvwb hw` fvO‡Z ïi“ K‡i, Zvn‡j Avcbvi Wv³vi, wgWIqvBd ev nvmcvZvj‡K †Uwj‡dvb Ki“b| wSwj hw`wQbœ n‡q hvq, Zvn‡j wkïi Bb‡dKkb nIqvi m¤¢vebv _v‡K|

70

cÖme †e`bv

Ges cÖme †e`bv hw` GK-`yw`‡bi g‡a¨ ïi“ bv nq, Zvn‡j wkïi Bb‡dKkb nIqvi Su ywK †`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i| GL‡bv hw` wkïi gv_v Gb‡MRW& (engaged) bv nq, ev Avcbvi wkï hw` breech (weªP) n‡q _v‡K, Zvn‡j cvwbi †Zvo mv‡_ wb‡q Avm‡Z cv‡i cord (KW©)| GB KW© Gici msKzwPZ n‡q co‡Z cv‡i, G Kvi‡Y SuywKc~Y© n‡q co‡Z cv‡i Avcbvi wkïi Aw·‡Rb mieivn|

• ms‡KvPb (contractions):

ms‡KvPb hw` Nb Nb n‡Z _v‡K I 40 †m‡K‡Ûi †ewk ¯’vwq n‡Z _v‡K, Zvn‡j G¸‡jv cÖme †e`bvi GKgvÎ wbwðZ j¶Y| Avcwb eyS‡Z cvi‡eb, G¸‡jv µ‡gB kw³kvwj n‡q DV‡Q, `xN © mgq a‡i n‡”Q Ges n‡”Q Q‡›`vgqI|

wK Ki‡Z n‡e, †m e¨vcv‡i Avcwb hw` wbwðZ bv n‡q _v‡Kb, Zvn‡j †h †gUviwbwU BDwb‡U Avcwb wkïi Rb¥ †`qvi cwiKíbv K‡i‡Qb, Zv‡ì mv‡_ ev Avcbvi KwgDwbwU wgWIqvB‡di mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM Ki“b| Avcbvi j¶Y¸‡jv Zv‡ì Rvbvb| cieZ©x K‡qK N›Uvq wK N‡U, Zv †`L‡Z A‡c¶v Kiv Qvov Avi wKQy Avcbv‡K Ki‡Z n‡e wK-bv, †m e¨vcv‡i Avcbv‡K civgk© †`qv n‡e| Avcwb N‡i wkïi R‡b¥i cwiKíbv Ki“b ev bv-B Ki“b, GKRb wgWIqvBd Avcbv‡K †`L‡Z hv‡eb| cÖ‡qvRb n‡j wZwb Avcbv‡K cix¶v K‡i †`L‡eb, Ges Avcbvi R‡b¨ †KvbwU me‡P‡q fv‡jv ¯’vb n‡e, †m e¨vcv‡i wm×všÍ †bqvi e¨vcv‡i mvnvh¨ Ki‡eb Avcbv‡K|

ms‡KvPb wK? Mf©vkq n‡”Q gvsm †cwki Av u‡ki (muscle fibres) GKwU †bUIqvK©, GB Av uk hLb †QvU n‡q Av‡m, ZLb ms‡KvPb ïi“ nq| GUv n‡q _v‡K ‡miwf·‡K †U‡b aiv I Mf©vk‡qi Dc‡ii Ask †P‡c aivi Kvi‡Y| ms‡KvPb hLb P‡j hvq, ZLb †cwk¸‡jv wkw_j n‡q Av‡m| cÖwZwU ms‡KvP‡bi mgq †cwk¸‡jv †h cwigvY j¤^v wQ‡jv, Zvi †_‡K †QvU n‡q Av‡m| Gm‡ei d‡j †miwf· AviI wKQyUv L y‡j hvq Ges wkï‡K av°v w`‡q †V‡j †`q AviI wKQyUv wb‡Pi w`‡K|

ms‡KvP‡bi Kvi‡Y mvaviYfv‡e Avcbvi †c‡Ui cy‡iv GjvKv Av u‡Uvmv‡Uv (tightening sensation) n‡q †M‡Q e‡j Abyf~Z nq Ges G iKg Abyf~wZ m¤¢eZ n‡Z cv‡i Avcbvi wcV I Di“‡ZI| GUv cÖ_‡g ïi“ nq g„`yfv‡e, Gi ci D‡V hvq P~ovšÍ ch©v‡q Ges Avevi Kg‡Z ïi“ K‡i ch©vqµ‡g| gvwmK i³mªv‡ei mg‡qi e¨_vi K_v G¸‡jv Avcbv‡K g‡b Kwi‡q w`‡Z cv‡i (†mwUI Mf©vk‡qi ms‡KvPb) ev †mB e¨_vi PvB‡ZI A‡bK †ewk e¨_vhy³ e‡j g‡b n‡Z cv‡i GUv Avcbvi Kv‡Q| Gi e¨vcKZv bvbv iK‡gi n‡Z cv‡i, †m Kvi‡Y ms‡KvPb m¤ú‡K© gwnjv‡ì n‡Z cv‡i wewfbœ ai‡Yi AwfÁZv|

‡Kvb †Kvb mgq gwnjv‡ì ms‡KvPb ïi“ n‡q hvq, wKš‘ c‡i Avevi P‡j hvq Zv| GUv åvwšÍg~jK (deceptive) n‡Z cv‡i, Ges A‡bK gwnjvB g‡b K‡ib, Zv‡ì cÖme †e`bv ïi“ n‡q‡Q| Zviv nvmcvZv‡j hvb, wKš‘ †`Lv hvq, me †_‡g †M‡Q| Avcbvi †¶‡Î G iKg n‡j Avcbv‡K cix¶v K‡i †`Lv n‡Z cv‡i, Ges GUv †f‡e Avcbvi Lvivc jvM‡Z cv‡i †h, Avcbvi cÖme †e`bv †ewk¶Y ¯’vwq nqwb ; GgbI n‡Z cv‡i †h, Avcbvi †miwf· ms‡KvP‡bi †Kvb iK‡gi cÖfve †h Av‡` Š wQ‡jv, Zv †`Lv‡”Q bv |

GB cwiw¯’wZ‡Z Avcwb N‡i wdi‡Z Pvb wK-bv, Avcbvi Kv‡Q Zv Rvb‡Z PvIqv n‡e| wd‡i hvIqvB hyw³m½Z n‡e, hw` bv Avcwb nvmcvZvj †_‡K †ek `~‡i _v‡Kb| weeªZ †eva Kivi wKQy †bB| me mg‡qB G iKg fyj m‡¼Z `v‡bi NUbv (false alarm) N‡U ‡h‡Z cv‡i| cÖ m e †e ` bv i ï i“ ‡hŠb wgjb I cÖme †e`bv G iKg GKUv aviYv e¨vcK fv‡e cÖPwjZ Av‡Q †h, wkïi R‡b¥i mgq hLb KvQvKvwQ G‡m hvq, †m iKg mg‡q †hŠbK‡g©i wjß nIqvi Kvi‡Y cÖme †e`bv ïi“ n‡q †h‡Z cv‡i| G iKg aviYvi nq‡Zv wKQy wfwË _vK‡Z cv‡i| ex‡h©i (semen) g‡a¨ ¯^vfvweK †cÖvmUvMj¨vbwWÝ (prostaglandins) ni‡gvb (hormones) i‡q‡Q Ges GUv nq‡Zv †miwf·‡K wKQyUv '†c‡K †h‡ZÕ (ripen) DÏxß Ki‡Z cv‡i| gwnjv‡ì g‡a¨ †hŠb DÏxcbvi Kvi‡Y wbtmwiZ nq ni‡gvb-Aw·‡Uvwmbm (oxytocins)-cÖme †e`bvi mgqI hv †ei“‡Z _v‡K| †h ŠbK‡g©i cÖfv‡e †Kvb cÖme †e`bv Lye ZvovZvwo ïi“ n‡q hvq, Gi †Kvb iKg cÖgvY †bB| Aek¨, †h †Kvbfv‡eB †nvK, cÖme †e`bv ïi“i mgq hw` KvQvKvwQ G‡m _v‡K, Zvn‡j †h ŠbKg© Zv LvwbKUv GwM‡q †`qvi e¨vcv‡i mvgvb¨ mnvqK n‡q _v‡K|

71

†mKkb `yB: Rb¥

wK NU‡Q? cÖme †e`bv mvaviYZ wZbwU ch©v‡q n‡q _v‡K| cÖ_g ch©vqwU mvaviYZ nq me‡P‡q `xN ©¯’vwq| Z‡e GK N›Uv †_‡K 20 N›Uvi gaëZ©x †h †Kvb mgq ev Gi PvB‡ZI †ewk mgq GB †e`bv n‡q _vK‡j Zv ¯^vfvweK| cÖ_g ch©v‡qi m~Pbvq Avcwb nq‡Zv cÖwZ 10 wgwbU AšÍi 40 ev 50 †m‡K‡Ûi GKwU K‡i ms‡KvPb Abyfe Ki‡Z _vK‡eb| †k‡li w`‡K cÖwZwU ms‡KvPb mvaviYfv‡e GK wgwb‡Ui †ewk mgq ¯’vwq _vK‡e| cÖwZwUi g‡a¨ GK wgwb‡Ui PvB‡Z †ewk mg‡qi weiwZ (gap) _vK‡e bv| Aek¨, GUvI †h GKB iK‡giB n‡e, Zv bq, Gi wn‡me wfbœ ai‡YiI n‡Z cv‡i|

ïi“‡Z cÖme †e`bvi AMÖMwZ n‡Z _v‡K †ek ax‡i| Avcwb hLb cv uP ev Qq †mw›UwgUvi ùxZ n‡eb, ms‡KvPb¸‡jv ZLb AviI `xN ©¯’vwq I kw³kvwj n‡Z _vK‡e Ges cÖme †e`bv n‡Z _vK‡e `ª“ZZi| GUv‡K ejv nq, ÕcÖwZwôZÕ (established) cÖme †e`bv|

†miwf· L y‡j hvIqvi e¨vcv‡i ms‡KvPb mnvqK n‡q _v‡K| Zv L y‡j hvIqvi ci wkï‡K evB‡i †V‡j †`qvi e¨vcv‡i Mf©vkq‡K mvnvh¨ K‡i _v‡K ms‡KvPb| cÖ_g ch©v‡qi †kl bvMv`, †miwf· cy‡ivcywi L y‡j hvq, ZLb Zv m¤ú~Y©fv‡e Ry‡o hvq Mf©vk‡qi Øviv| ùxZ Ae¯’v 10 †mw›UwgUvi n‡q _vK‡j eyS‡Z n‡e Avcbvi †miwf· m¤ú~Y©fv‡e L y‡j †M‡Q Ges Avcwb wkïi R‡b¥i R‡b¨ GLb cÖ¯‘Z|

cÖme †e`bv m¤ ¢eZ ïi“ nq, ni‡gv‡bi Zvobv †_‡K, hvi m~Pbv NUvq wkï-Avgiv Aek¨ G e¨vcv‡i mwVKfv‡e Rvwb bv| wkïi adrenal gland (GW‡ibvj M¨vÛ-wKWwb‡Z k~b¨¯’vb wenxb `ywU †QvU M¨vÛ) hLb c~Y©ZvcÖvß nq, ZLb wkï KiwU‡mvb (cortisone)-Gi wbtmiY NUvq| G Kvi‡Y gv‡qi A‡÷ ªv‡Rb (oestrogen) I cÖ‡R‡÷‡ivb (progesterone)-Gi gvÎv cwiewZ©Z nq| Gi d‡j wZwb Drcv`b Ki‡Z ïi“ K‡ib ni‡gv‡bi g‡Zv GK ai‡Yi †KwgK¨vj, hv‡K cÖ÷vM¨vbwWÝ (prostaglandins) ejv n‡q _v‡K| GUv Mf©vkq‡K ms‡KvPb ïi“ Ki‡Z DÏxß K‡i _v‡K|

72

cÖ_g ch©vq

cÖme †e`bvi mv‡_ Lvc LvIqv‡bv cÖme †e`bvwU DuPz cvnv‡o DV‡Z _vKv ev Ab¨ Avi †Kvb iK‡gi P¨v‡jÄi) †gvKv‡ejvi g‡Zv, hvi gy‡LvgywL Avcwb n‡q‡Qb| KL‡bv KL‡bv Avcwb P~ovwU †`L‡Z m¶g n‡q _v‡Kb| Ab¨ mg‡q Zv ‡`Lv hvq bv Ges Avcwb †hb cy‡iv welqwUi D‡Ïk¨ fy‡j _v‡Kb| wKš‘ cÖwZwU c`‡¶cB Avcbv‡K wb‡q hv‡”Q P~ovi KvQvKvwQ|

ms‡KvP¸‡jv n‡jv †mB hvÎvi avcmg~n| cÖwZwU ms‡KvPb‡K †kl cÖv‡šÍ †c ŠuQv‡bvi GKwU gva¨g e‡j fve‡Z _vKzb ...hv Avcbvi wkïi R‡b¥i KvQvKvwQ wb‡q hv‡”Q Avcbv‡K| mvaviYfv‡e ms‡KvPb¸‡jv †e`bv`vqK, Z‡e ms‡KvPbmg~‡ni gaëZ©x mg‡q Avcwb nq‡Zv †Zgb e¨_v AbyfeB Ki‡eb bv|

cÖ‡kœi Reve

cÖt cÖme †e`bvKv‡j Avwg wKQy wK †L‡Z cvi‡ev?

Dt Avcbvi BDwb‡U G m¤úwK©Z bxwZgvjv (cwjwm) wK, Zv Avcbvi

wgWIqvBd‡K wR‡Ám K‡i †R‡b wb‡Z n‡e|

cÖme †e`bvKv‡j Lv`¨ MÖnY m¤ú‡K© HwZn¨MZfv‡e cÖPwjZ ÕwewaÕGB wQ‡jv †h, (general anaesthetic) IB mg‡q gwnjv‡ì †Kvb wKQy LvIqv DwPZ bq, hw` G‡bm‡_wUK cÖ‡qvM Kivi cÖ‡qvRb n‡q c‡o, †m Kvi‡Y| ‡Kvb †Kvb BDwb‡U GB wewa GLb wkw_j Kiv n‡q‡Q|

cÖ m e †e ` bv i ï i“

ms‡KvPb ïi“ n‡”Q e‡j †evSv †M‡j...

• kixi Gwj‡q w`b| we‡klfv‡e wPšÍv Ki‡Z _vKzb Avcbvi Kv ua, Avcbvi gyL, Avcbvi nvZ m¤ú‡K©| I¸‡jv k³ K‡i †hb aiv bv nq('unclenched'), †mUv wbwðZ Ki“b|

• Avcbvi k ¦vm-cÖk ¦v‡mi w`‡K g‡bvms‡hvM ¯’vcb Ki‡Z ïi“ Ki“b, k ¦vm-cÖk ¦v‡mi MwZ axi I kvšÍ ivL yb| k ¦vmZ¨v‡Mi w`‡K g‡bv‡hvM w`b †ewk|

• ms‡KvPb hLb kw³kvwj n‡Z _vK‡e, †mB mgq Avcbvi k ¦vm-cÖk ¦v‡mi c×wZ wb‡q AviI mZK©Zvi mv‡_ fve‡Z _vKzb Ges †Póv Ki“b h_vm¤¢e Avivg`vqK Ae¯’vq _vK‡Z|

• Avcbvi ‡cjwfm (pelvis) ‡`vjv‡Z I bvov‡Z _vKzb; Avcbvi †e`bv mn¨ Ki‡Z wM‡q †h ai‡Yi kã Ki‡Z cv‡ib |

• ms‡KvPb cÖwZ‡iva Kivi †Póv Ki‡eb

bv-Zvn‡j Gi e¨vcKZv †e‡o hv‡e| GUv P~ovšÍ gvÎvq †cŠu‡Q hvq, Avi Gici Kg‡Z ïi“ K‡i...

• ...GUv P‡j hvIqvi ci ‡m K_v fy‡j hvb, IUv †kl n‡q †M‡Q| IB ms‡KvPbwU Avi KL‡bvB wd‡i Avm‡e bv, Avcbvi cy‡iv hvÎvi GKwU avc K‡g †M‡jv|

†ewki fvM gwnjv cÖme †e`bvi mv‡_ m‡eŸ ©vËg fv‡e Lvc LvB‡q wb‡Z cv‡ib, hw` Zv‡ì bovPovq evavi m„wó bv Kiv nq| wewfbœ mg‡q wewfbœ ai‡Yi Ae¯’vb Avcbvi R‡b¨ fv‡jv Kv‡R Avm‡Z cv‡i, †hgb, nv uUz †M‡o _vKv, mvg‡bi w`‡K GKwU webe¨vM ev Avcbvi mw½i †Kv‡ji Ici Su y‡K _vKv, Pvi nvZ-cv‡qi Ici fi K‡i _vKv Ges Ab¨ Avi †h †Kvb ai‡Yi Ae¯’vb, hv Avcbvi mvnv‡h¨ Avm‡Z cv‡i| Avcbvi kix‡ii Ae¯’vUv ey‡S †bqvi †Póv Ki“b, wewfbœ ai‡Yi bovPov wb‡q cix¶v-wbix¶v Ki“b, Avcbvi R‡b¨ me‡P‡q †ewk mnvqZvg~jK Ae¯’vb†hwU, †mB Ae¯’v‡b _vKvi †Póv Ki“b|

73

Avcbvi wkïi gwbUwis wkïi ü`-¯ú›`‡bi MwZi (heart rate) cwigvc Kiv icygY cÖme †e`bv PjvKv‡j I Avcbvi wkïi Rb¥Kv‡j Zvi ¯^v¯’¨ I kw³-mvg‡_©ï welqwU g~j¨vq‡bi GKwU c×wZ|

gwbUwis‡qi wewfbœ cš’v • GKwU Pinard stethoscope (wcbvW©

†÷w_‡¯‹vc)- GwU Kvb Øviv eënvh© GK ai‡Yi †÷w_‡¯‹vc, hv Avcbvi Zj‡c‡U jvMv‡bv nq wkïi ü`¯ú›`b †kvbvi R‡b¨| cÖme †e`bv PjvKv‡j mg‡q mg‡q GUv Kiv n‡q _v‡K|

• GKwU ‘doppler’ (Wcjvi) n‡jv †QvU, enb‡hvM¨ ‡gwkb, weiwZmn Avë ªvmvDÛ eënvi K‡i hv w`‡q gwbUwis‡qi KvR Kiv n‡q _v‡K| ü`¯ú›`b †evSvi R‡b¨ GKwU †QvU UªvÝwgUvi-wiwmfvi Avcbvi Zj‡c‡Ui Ici ¯’vcb Kiv n‡q _v‡K|

• Electronic fetal monitoring (EFM) B‡j±ªwbK †dUvj gwbUwis (BGdGg) Avë ªvmvDÛ Zi½ eënvi K‡i Avcbvi wkïi nvU© †iBU Avcbvi Zj‡c‡Ui Ic‡i ¯’vwcZ GKwU UªvÝwWDmvi ( 'transducer') -Gi gva¨‡g UªvÝwgU K‡i _v‡K GKwU †gwk‡b| weKí wn‡m‡e, GKwU †QvU B‡j‡±ªvW Avcbvi wkïi gv_vi L ywji mv‡_ (ev weªP wkïi †¶‡Î Zvi kix‡ii wb‡Pi As‡ki mv‡_) mshy³ K‡i ivLv n‡Z cv‡i, GUv nvU©weU msMÖn I UªvÝwgU K‡i _v‡K| nvU© †iBU mvaviYZ wWwRUvj AvKv‡i w¯ Œ‡b †f‡m I‡V Ges MÖvd †ccv‡i Zv †iKW© I Zvi wcÖ›U AvDU Kiv hvq|

• Telemetry (†Uwj‡gwUª) GKB iK‡gi transducer (UªvÝwWDmvi) ev scalp electrode (¯‹ví B‡j‡±ªvW) eënvi K‡i _v‡K, Z‡e wiwmfv‡i wmMb¨vj cvwV‡q _v‡K †eZvi Zi‡½i gva¨‡g| Avcbv‡K Avm‡j gwbU‡ii mv‡_ Zvi w`‡q mshy³ K‡i ivLv nq bv, ZvB hZ¶Y GwUi cwiwai g‡a¨ Avcwb _vK‡eb, ZZ¶Y ch©šÍ ¯^vaxbfv‡e N y‡i †eov‡Z cvi‡eb|

B‡j± ªwbK †dUvj gwbUwis

wkïi Ae¨vnZ gwbUwis‡qi eë¯’v K‡i _v‡K BGdGg| hLb wkï Su ywKi g‡a¨ _v‡K, ev hLb GUv Rvbv hvq †h, Zvi †Kvb iK‡gi mgm¨v n‡Z cv‡i, Zvn‡j e¨w³we‡k‡li R‡b¨ GUv ¸i“Z¡c~Y© n‡q DV‡Z cv‡i|

RwUj bq, Ggb cÖme †e`bvi †¶‡Î BGdGg L ye GKUv Kv‡R jv‡M bv| gwbUi c‡o (monitor reading) Zv ey‡S †bqv GKwU D uPz gv‡bi `¶Zv wfwËK KvR| Ggb wK, AZ¨šÍ AwfÁ Aem‡UwUªwkqvbivI Õ¯^vfvweKÕ wiwWs ej‡Z wK †evSvq, Ges †KvbwU D‡Ø‡Mi KviY n‡Z cv‡i, †m m¤ú‡K© wfbœgZ †cvlY K‡i _v‡Kb| A‡bK nvmcvZv‡ji Wv³vi I wgWIqvBdiv GKgZ †h, cÖ_vMZ ¯^vfvweK cÖme †e`bvi mgq, we‡kl K‡i, cÖ_g ch©v‡q Ae¨vnZ fv‡e BGdGg-Gi cÖ‡qvRb ‡bB| Gi cwie‡Z© gv‡qiv cÖ_g nvmcvZv‡j fwZ© nIqvi mgq

Zv‡ì gwbUwis Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| cieZ©x‡Z GUv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i weiwZ w`‡q Avi GB gwbUwis Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i cÖme †e`bvi wØZxq ch©v‡q |

BbWvKkb (induction), wmb‡Uvwmbb (syntocinon) ev GwcWyivj (epidural)-Gi g‡Zv eë¯’v hw` MÖnY Kiv nq, Zvn‡j BGdGg-Gi cÖ‡qvRb i‡q‡Q, KviY, IB me eë¯’v¸‡jv wkïi Ici Pvc †d‡j _vK‡Z cv‡i|

Avcwb I Avcbvi †Kqvivi hw` me wKQy ¯^vfvweK _vK‡e e‡j g‡b K‡ib, Zvn‡j Avcwb nq‡Zv Ab¨ cÖKv‡ii gwbUwis‡qi eë¯’v cQ›` Ki‡Z cv‡ibÑ‡hgb, Wcjvi ev wcbvW© †÷w_‡¯‹vc w`‡q weiwZmn gwbUwis‡qi eë¯’v| Avcwb nq‡Zv †`L‡eb, cÖwZ 15 ev 20 wgwbU cici A_ev GiKgB GKwU wbqwgZ weiwZ‡Z Avcbvi wkïi ü`¯ú›`b †kvbv n‡”Q Ges wØZxq ch©v‡q G iKg †kvbv n‡”Q †ewki fvM ms‡Kv‡P‡bi ci|

74

Avcbvi Ab¨ †h me cix¶v n‡e

ms‡KvPb axiMwZi n‡j ev eÜ n‡q †M‡j wK n‡e?

Avcwb †jevi Iqv‡W© fwZ© nIqvi ci Ges cÖ_g ch©v‡qi cy‡ivUv mgq a‡i Avcbvi I Avcbvi wkïi cwiw¯’wZ g~j¨vqb K‡i †`Lv n‡e| wbqwgZfv‡e †h me welq g~j¨vqb Kiv n‡e, †m¸‡jvi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q:

• Avcbvi i³Pvc, bvwoi ¯ú›`b, I ZvcgvÎv|

• Avcbvi cÖmªve| Gi g~j¨vq‡bi gva¨‡g wgWIqvBd Avcbvi Kg©kw³i (energy) gvÎv cix¶v K‡i †`L‡eb|

• Avcbvi ms‡KvP‡bi ¯’vwqZ¡Kvj, ZxeªZv I KZ Nb Nb Zv n‡”Q, Zv|

• Af¨šÍixY ev †hvwbc‡_i cix¶vi mgq Avcbvi †miwf·| AvRKvj, A‡bK wgWIqvBd i“wUb wn‡m‡e ‡hvwbc‡_ cix¶vi KvRwU Gwo‡q P‡jb| ‡hvwbc‡_ cix¶v Zviv †KejgvÎ ZLbB K‡i _v‡Kb, hw` Zviv g‡b K‡ib †h, GB cix¶vi ga¨ w`‡q cvIqv Z_¨ Kv‡R jvM‡e|

KL‡bv KL‡bv g‡b n‡Z cv‡i †h, cÖme †e`bv †_‡g †M‡Q| Avcwb I Avcbvi wkï fv‡jv _vK‡j G e¨vcviUv wb‡q D‡Ø‡Mi †Kvb KviY †bB| âh© ai“b, Av‡kcv‡k N y‡i †eovb, Avcbvi cwRkb e`‡j wbb, ‡Kvb ai‡Yi m½xZ evwR‡q Avivg Ki‡Z _vKzb...Avcbvi ms‡KvPb m¤¢eZ h_vmg‡q Avevi ïi“ n‡e| Avcbvi wKQy †L‡Z B‡”Q n‡Z cv‡i| Avcbvi cÖwZ Avcbvi kix‡ii `„wó AvKl©‡Yi GUv GKUv aiY, kixi Avcbv‡K GUvB ej‡Q †h, GwM‡q hvIqvi R‡b¨ Avcbvi AviI R¡vjvwb ('fuel') cÖ‡qvRb| Avcbvi cÖme †e`bv AZ¨šÍ axi MwZi n‡j Ges Avcbvi wkïi KvQ †_‡K m¼‡Ui j¶Y cvIqv hv‡”Q e‡j aviYv Kiv n‡j, Avcbvi Wv³vi Avcbvi cÖme †e`bv evov‡bvi R‡b¨ e¨¯’v MÖn‡Yi civgk© w`‡Z cv‡ib| GUv‡K cÖme †e`bvi augmentation (AM‡g‡›Ukb) ev acceleration (Gw·jv‡ikb) ejv n‡q _v‡K|

• Avcbvi cvwb hw` GLbI bv fv‡O, Zvn‡j K…wÎgfv‡e wSwj wQbœ K‡i (artificial rupture of the membranes-ARM) Avcbvi ms‡KvPb‡K DÏxß Kiv n‡Z cv‡i|

m s ‡K vP b

• Avcbv‡K ni‡gvb wWªc (hormone

drip) †`qv n‡Z cv‡i, GUv wmb‡Uvwmbb‡K (syntocinon) mivmwi Avcbvi i‡³ †cŠu‡Q †`q| Gi cÖfve n‡Z cv‡i †ek kw³kvwj-ms‡KvPb Av‡Mi Zzjbvq n‡q I‡V AviI kw³kvwj Ges n‡Z _v‡K Nb Nb| G iKg GKUv cwiw¯’wZ Avcwb bv-I PvB‡Z cv‡ib| †ewki fvM gv-B avivevwnK fv‡e m„wó nIqv cÖme †e`bvi mv‡_ Lvc LvB‡q wb‡Z cv‡ib fv‡jvfv‡e|

cÖme †e`bvi cÖ_g I wØZxq ch©v‡qi gvSvgvwS‡Z KL‡bv KL‡bv 'transition' (AšÍe©Z©x) wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ GKwU ÕAwZwi³Õ ch©vq m„wó n‡q _v‡K| A‡bK gwnjv Zv‡ì cÖme †e`bvi Ab¨vb¨ As‡ki †P‡q GwU‡K Ab¨ iK‡gi e‡j

¯úófv‡e Abyfe K‡i _v‡Kb| ‡V‡j †`qvi GKwU Zvobvi m~Pbv Avcwb Abyfe K‡i _vK‡Z cv‡ib| Gi weKí wn‡m‡e GUvI g‡b n‡Z cv‡i †h, cÖme †e`bv † _‡g †M‡Q|

UªvbwRkb GKwU gvbwmK I †mB mv‡_ kvixwiK GKwU Ae ’v| Avcbvi wb‡R‡K A‰ah© I K¬všÍ, GgbwK µz×, nZvk Ges Avcbvi cwiPh©vKvwi‡ i (carers) mv‡_ ywe©bxZ e‡jI g‡b n‡Z cv‡i| GUv m¤ú~Y©fv‡e GKwU ¯vfvweK cÖwZwµqv Ges G †_‡K GUvI ey‡S †bqv †h‡Z cv‡i †h, Avcbvi wkïi Rb¥ †ewk ~ieZ©x bq|

MwZ evov‡bvi ìKvi bv co‡j Avcwb †Kvb iK‡gi n¯Í‡¶c cQ›` bv-I Ki‡Z cv‡ib|

75

Avcbvi cwRkb (Ae¯’vb)

Pvi nv‡Z-cv‡q fi K‡i _vKv: ms‡KvPb¸‡jvi gaëZ©x mg‡q mvg‡bi w`‡K S z u‡K †_‡K Avcwb wekªvg Ki‡Z cv‡ib|

†Kvb wKQyi mvnvh¨ wb‡q `vuov‡bv ev Dey n‡q emv Ae¯’vbwU Avcbvi †cjwfm fv‡jv K‡i L y‡j hvIqvi e¨cv‡i mnvqK, GKB mv‡_ GwU Avcbvi wkï‡K ga¨vKl©Y kw³i †Rv‡i f~wgô nIqvi my‡hvMI K‡i †`q| fvimvg¨ eRvq ivLvi R‡b¨ Avcbvi kix‡ii Ic‡ii Ask †Kvb wKQyi mv‡_ †Vm w`‡q ivL‡Z n‡e| Avcbvi mw½ Avcbvi †cQ‡b `v uwo‡q Avcbvi evûi wb‡P w`‡q Zvi nvZ Mwj‡q wb‡q Avcbv‡K a‡i †i‡L mvnvh¨ Ki‡Z cv‡ib| Aek¨, Avcbvi cy‡iv IRb enb Kivi R‡b¨ †ek kw³i cÖ‡qvRb n‡e| Avcbvi nv uUz KL‡bvB ‡hb Avcbvi KwU †`‡ki (Di“i nvo I ga¨-kix‡ii ms‡hvM¯’‡ji) †P‡q D uPz‡Z †hb bv I‡VÑAvcbvi kix‡ii †Rvov¸‡jvi Ici Zvn‡j AZ¨šÍ †ewk Pvc co‡e|

Avcbvi cvk ¦©‡`‡ki Ici: Avcbvi cvk ¦©‡`‡ki Ici fi w`‡q Avcwb ï‡q _vK‡eb (cvk ¦©MZ Ae¯’vb-the 'lateral' position)| Avcbvi Ic‡ii cv †Zvjv _vK‡e| Avcwb hw` P~ovšÍ iK‡gi K¬všÍ _v‡Kb, Zvn‡j GB cwRkb †ek mnvqK n‡e|

wVK ev fyj cwRkb ej‡Z ‡Kvb wKQy †bB| Z‡e wPr n‡q ï‡q _vK‡j mvaviYZ Zv Avivg`vqK nq bv Ges GB cwRk‡b Avcbvi †cjwfm eÜ n‡q _v‡K| †h cwRkb gwnjviv me‡P‡q fv‡jv e‡j g‡b K‡ib, †mB cwRkb MÖn‡Yi R‡b¨ Zv‡ì DrmvwnZ Kiv n‡jI IB iKg cwRkb Zviv ej‡Z †M‡j †KDB MÖnY K‡ib bv|

emv: GKwU †Pqv‡ii `ycv‡k `yB cv S zwj‡q emv Ges mvg‡bi w`‡K Suy‡K _vKv, GKwU Kzkb ev evwj‡ki Ic‡i wekªvg MÖnY|

c Ö _ g c h © v q

ï‡q _vKvi GKwU weKí n‡”Q, weQvbv‡Z †mvRv n‡q emv, Z‡e ZviciI GB Ae¯’v‡bi Kvi‡Y †cjwf‡mi Ici wKQyUv Pvc co‡e| Avcwb hw` GB Ae¯’vbwU cQ›` K‡ib, Zvn‡j Avcbvi wcV I Kv ua fv‡jvg‡Zv †Vm w`‡q ivLvi R‡b¨ cÖPzi msL¨K evwjk eënvi Ki“b| Avcbvi mw½ weQvbvi cv‡k e‡m Avcbvi Kv u‡ai †cQb w`‡q Avcbv‡K mn‡RB a‡i ivL‡Z m¶g n‡eb|

76

‡mKkb `yB: Rb¥

Avcbvi wkï cÖvq P‡j G‡m‡Q wØZxq ce©wU ïi“ nq Rivqy hLb m¤ú~Y©fv‡e cÖmvwiZ nq, Ges G ce©wU †kl nq wkïi Rb¥ †bqvi ga¨ w`‡q|

Avcwb nq‡Zv GLb L ye †Rv‡ii mv‡_ bx‡Pi w`‡K GKwU av°v †`qvi cÖ‡qvRb †eva Ki‡Z cv‡ib| G‡K Ô‡eqvwis WvDbÕ ev Ôbx‡Pi w`‡K wb‡q AvmvÕ ejv n‡q _v‡K| av°v †èvi Rb¨ †KvbwU mwVK mgq, Avcwb nq‡Zv Zv eyS‡Z cvi‡eb, A_ev Avcbvi wgWIqvBd ev avÎx Avcbv‡K G e¨vcv‡i civgk© w`‡Z cv‡ib| cÖwZwU K›Uª¨vKkb& ev ms‡KvP‡bi mgq Avcwb nq‡Zv cÖvq wZbev‡ii g‡Zv av°v w`‡Z PvB‡Z cv‡ib| Ôbx‡P bvwg‡q AvmviÕ mgq Avcwb hw` k ¦vm AvU‡K ivL‡Z Pvb, Z‡e GwU †ekx mgq a‡i AvU‡K ivL‡eb bv| wKQy wKQy gwnjv Ôbx‡Pi w`‡K wb‡q AvmviÕ cÖ‡qvRbwU †eva K‡ib bv Ges wKQy wKQy cÖm‡ei †¶‡Î GwUi cÖ‡qvRb nq bvÑ †Kvb †Póv QvovB wkïi Rb¥ nq| Avcbv‡K hw` GKwU Epidural (GwcwWDivj) (cÖme †e`bvi mgq ‡cQb w`‡K jvMv‡bvi Rb¨ †`qv nq), Z‡e Avcwb nq‡Zv av°v †`qvi Zvobv bvI †eva Ki‡Z cv‡ib, A_ev Ki‡jI Z‡ZvUv †Rv‡ii mv‡_ bq| Avcbvi wgWIqvBd Avcbv‡K Rvbv‡eb

‡h Avcbvi KLb ‡eqvi WvDb ev Ôbx‡Pi w`‡K wb‡q AvmviÕ cÖ‡qvRb n‡e|

gv_v hLb ev_© K¨vbvj (Rivqy Ges †hvwbc‡_i †h iv¯ —v w`‡q Mf©¯’ wkï †ei nq) Ges †cwiwbqvg (ev_© K¨vbvj Ges gjØv‡ii ga¨Kvi Pvgov) cÖmvwiZ K‡i, Avcwb ZLb nq‡Zv GKwU Zxeª, R¡jybx Abyf~wZ †eva Ki‡Z cv‡ib| GwU gvÎ Aí wKQy¶b mgq ¯’vqx nq| gv_v hLb fvj&fv ev †hvwbgyL w`‡q cy‡ivUv †`Lv hvq, ZLb GUv‡K e‡j Crowning (µvDwbs)|

Avcwb hw` Pvb,Z‡e GB mgq GKwU Avqbv Zz‡j a‡i ivL‡Z cv‡ib, hv‡Z K‡i Avcwb GB g~ûZ©wU †`L‡Z cv‡ib|

GB mgq Avcwb nq‡Zv †eva Ki‡Z cv‡ib †h, Avcbvi †cwiwbqvg cÖmvwiZ n‡”Q| GB mgq hw` †cwiwbqvg wQ u‡o hvIqvi m¤¢vebv _v‡K, Z‡e Avcbvi †Kqvivi ev ‡`Lv‡kvbvKvixiv nq‡Zv Avcbv‡K GLb av°v bv †`qvi Rb¨ ej‡Z cv‡ib| Avcbv‡K GLb nq‡Zv c¨v›U ev Nb Nb k ¦vm †bqvi Rb¨ ejv n‡Z cv‡i, A_ev Av‡iv ax‡ii mv‡_ Ñ hv‡Z K‡i nvjKv, gm„Y k ¦v‡m Ôwkï‡K evB‡i k ¦vm wb‡Z †`qv hvqÕ|

cieZ©x GKwU A_ev `yBwU K›Uª¨vKk‡bi g‡a¨, hLb wkïi gv_v evB‡i ‡ewi‡q Avm‡e, Ges Gi c‡i Avcbvi wkï m‡`‡n Rb¥jvf NU‡e|

77

wØZxq ce©

R‡b¥i g~ûZ© wØZxq c‡e©i mgqwU‡Z, wkïi gv_v Uvb© K‡i ev Gw`K †_‡K Iw`K n‡q _v‡K, GwU mvaviYZt GKw`‡K gyL Kiv †_‡K Avcbvi ‡cQ‡bi w`‡K gyL Kiv|

Avcbvi wkïi gv_v hLb †ewi‡q Avm‡Z _vK‡e, ZLb wgWIqvBd nq‡Zv Avg&wewjKvj KW ev bvox a‡i ivL‡Z cv‡ib, hv‡Z K‡i ‡mUv wkïi K uv‡ai Kv‡Q Rwo‡q bv hvq| Avcbv‡K GB mgq nq‡Zv wekªvg ev Nb Nb k ¦vm †bqvi Rb¨ ejv n‡Z cv‡i|

K uva N ywi‡q †`qv nq, hv‡Z K‡i †`n KvZ n‡q _vK‡Z cv‡i, Ges m¤ú~Y©fv‡e Rb¥ †bqv gv_v Avcbvi cv‡qi w`‡K gyL K‡i _v‡K, hv‡Z K‡i Avcbvi wkï mn‡R Ges `ªƒZ evB‡i ‡ewi‡q Avm‡Z cv‡i|

78

cÖ‡kœi Reve

R‡b¥i mgq Avcbvi wkï‡K †Kgb †`Lv‡e Avcbvi wkïi Pvgovq nq‡Zv Vernix (fvwb©·) bv‡gi GKwU c`v_© _vK‡Z cv‡i, hv Rivq~‡Z _vKv Ae¯’vq Pvgov‡K Av`ª© ivL‡Z mnvqZvKvix GKwU wcw”Qj wRwbm| wkïi kix‡i nq‡Zv i‡³i K‡qKwU `vM _vK‡Z cv‡i (Avcbvi i³, hv Avcbvi GwcwRIUwg (ev”Pvi cÖme mnR Kivi Rb¨ ‡hvwbgyL Ges gjØv‡ii ga¨w`‡q we‡kl Acv‡ikb), A_ev ‡Kvb Ask ‡Q uov _v‡K, Z‡e Zvi ‡_‡K)| wkïi gv_vwU nq‡Zv mvgvb¨ AbïKg †`Lv‡Z cv‡i, wKš‘ GUv `xN ©mgq ¯’vqx nq bv| GUv †gvwìs ev AvK…wZ `vb bv‡g cwiwPZ Ñ L ywji big nvo ¸‡jv wb‡Riv wb‡R‡ì AvK…wZ wVK K‡i wb‡q‡Q, hv‡Z K‡i wkïi gv_v ev_© K¨vbvj w`‡q ‡ewi‡q Avm‡Z cv‡i|

cÖt Avwg Rvwb †h AwaKvsk evevB GUv a‡i †bb †h, cÖme Ges Rb¥ †bqvi mgqwU‡Z Zviv †mLv‡b _vK‡Qb| wKš‘ Avwg GB aviYvwU †g‡b wb‡Z cvwi bv| Avwg Rvwb †h wkïi e¨vcv‡i Avgvi †Kvb mgm¨v †bB, Ges evev nevi Rb¨ Avwg Aaxi AvMÖ‡n A‡c¶v KiwQ| wK NU‡Q Avwg ïay †mUv †`L‡Z PvB bv|

Dt Avcwb †Kb ‡mLv‡b _vK‡Z Pvb bv Zvi KviY ‡R‡b ‡ei Ki‡j fv‡jv nq| Avcwb wK Amy¯’ n‡q †h‡Z, Ggb wK Ávb nvwi‡q †dj‡Z cv‡ib, GBme wb‡q wPwš —Z| A_ev Avcwb wK g‡b K‡ib †h, Rb¥ †bqvi g~ ûZ©wU, wkïwU hLb †ewi‡q Avm‡e, Avcwb Zv †`L‡Z PvB‡eb bv| A_ev Avcwb wK Avcbvi wK Kiv DwPZ, A_ev Avcwb ‡Kvb wKQy fyj K‡i †d‡jb wK bv, Zv wb‡q wPwš —Z| GB me¸‡jv wPš —vB mPivPi N‡U _v‡K Ges G¸‡jv mvaviY|

Avcbvi cvU©bvi ev mnag©xi mv‡_ Avcbvi Abyf~wZ¸‡jv wb‡q Avjvc Ki“b| Avcwb hw` †mLv‡b _vKvi wm×vš — †bb, Z‡e Avcwb memgqB Ab¨ w`‡K ZvwK‡q _vK‡Z cv‡ib, A_ev Rb¥ MÖn‡Yi w`‡K ZvKv‡bv hw` Avcbvi Rb¨ Ô†ekxÕ n‡q hvq, Z‡e Avcbvi cvU©bv‡ii gy‡Li w`‡K g‡bvwb‡ek Ki‡Z cv‡ib| hw` cÖ‡qvRb nq, Z‡e Avcwb i“g ev Kvgiv †Q‡o †ewi‡q Avm‡Z cv‡ib|

cÖm‡ei mg‡q, mwZ¨Kvi A‡_©, G‡KKev‡i, Avcwb nq‡Zv Ô†ekxÕ wKQy Ki‡Z cvi‡eb bv| G‡Z wKQy hvq Av‡m bv| †mLv‡b _vKvUv AwaK ¸i“Z¡c~Y©| Avcwb hw` wm×vš — wb‡q †d‡jb †h Avcwb †mLv‡b _vK‡eb bv, Z‡e Avcbvi cvU©bv‡ii nq‡Zv †mLv‡b Ggb Kv‡iv cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i, whwb Zv‡K R‡b¥i mgq †mLv‡b mnvqZv Ki‡Z cv‡ib, Ges Ggb GKRb, whwb Zvi mv‡_ K¬vm¸‡jv‡Z †h‡Z cvi‡eb|

wØZxq ce© KZ mgq

¯’vqx nq cÖ_g wkïi †¶‡Î, wØZxq ce© 10 wgwbU †_‡K ïi“ K‡i `yB N›Uv ev Zvi †P‡q †ekx

mgq ¯’vqx n‡Z cv‡i| wØZxq ev Zvi c‡ii wkïiv Aí K‡qKwU av°v Ges GK A_ev `yBwU ms‡KvP‡bi g‡a¨ ‡ewi‡q Avm‡Z cv‡i|

79

R b¥

Rb¥`v‡b mnvqZv ‡Kvb †Kvb †¶‡Î, wkïi Rb¥`v‡b mnvqZv Ki‡Z forceps (di‡mcm &) A_fv ventouse (vacuum) extraction (‡f›UR (f¨vKzqvg) G·UªvKkbÑGi eënvi Kiv n‡q _v‡K| †h mKj †¶‡Î GUv NU‡Z cv‡i ‡m¸‡jv n‡jv: • wkï Aw·‡R‡bi ¯^íZvq fyM‡Q Ñ hv

Fatal distress (d¨vUvj wWm‡Uªm) wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ| GUv ZLbB wbY©q Kiv nq, hLb wkïi nvU© †iU ev ü`K¤ú‡bi nvi Kb&UªvKkbÑGi Abyhvqx hv nIqv DwPZ Zvi †P‡q Kg nq, Ges cybivq GwUi †h nv‡i e„w× cvIqv DwPZ, Zv bv cvq| Av‡iv GKwU j¶Y n‡jv, wkïi evIj ev Aš¿ hw` †Lvjv Ae¯’vq _v‡K Ges Zv) †_‡K meconium (†g‡Kvwbqvg) (wkïi Aš¿ †_‡K wbM©Z c`v_©) wbM©Z nq| GwU

Amniotic fluid (A¨vgwbIwUK d¬zBW)‡K meyR A_ev ev`vgx isÑG gqjv K‡i †d‡j| wkïi ¯‹¨ví ev gv_vi Pvgov †_‡K Aí GKUz i‡³i bgybv wb‡q Zv cix¶v Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i Ges Aw·‡R‡bi cwigvY wbY©q Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

• wkïi cÖ¯’vb c_ hw` eÜ ev evavMÖ¯ — _v‡K Ñ cwRkb ev Ae¯’vbwU nq‡Zv KóKi, †hgb †dm Avc ev gyL Dc‡ii w`‡K (occipito-posterior ev Awmwc‡Uv-‡cv‡÷wiIi), A_ev gv‡qi †cjwfm ev †kªvYx nq‡Zv h‡_ó cÖk¯ — AvKv‡i cÖmvwiZ n‡Z m¶g bv nq, hv †Kvb †Kvb mgq Zvi Ae¯’v‡bi Kvi‡Y n‡q _v‡K

• K›UªvKkb¸‡jv hw` `ye©j n‡q hvq

• wcÖ-Uvg© ev AcwiYZ wkï, hvi A_© n‡jv wkïi gv_vi Rb¨ Av‡iv †ekx cwigv‡Y myi¶vi cÖ‡qvRb

• wkï †cQbgy‡Lv, hvi A_© n‡jv wkïi gv_vi Rb¨ Av‡iv †ekx cwigv‡Y myi¶vi cÖ‡qvRb

• gv K¬vwš —i Kvi‡Y av°v w`‡Z cvi‡Qb bv

• gv‡qi nq‡Zv nvU© ev ü`RwbZ Amyweavi b¨vq †Kvb kvwiixK Ae¯’v i‡q‡Q, Ges †h Rb¨ Zvi L ye ‡ekx av°v †`qv DwPZ bq|

80

Avcbvi hw` forceps (di‡mcm &)A_ev ventouse (†f›UR)ÑGi mvnv‡hï cÖ‡qvRb nq

cÖ‡kœi Reve

Avcbv‡K nq‡Zv wPr n‡q †kvqvi Rb¨ ejv n‡Z cv‡i, Ges cv D uPz K‡i ivLv n‡e, Ges nuvUz‡Z w÷ivcm& ev GK ai‡bi cv`vbx i gva¨‡g mnvqZv cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e| Avcbv‡K GKwU anaesthetic (A¨vbvm‡_wUK) cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e, L ye m¤¢eZt GKwU epidural (GwcwWDivj) A_ev GKwU spinal (¯úvBbvj), A_ev GKwU local anaesthetic (†jvKvj Gbvm‡_wUK) hv pudendal block (cy‡WbWvj e K) wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ, hwÌ GKwU general anaesthetic (†Rbv‡ij Ab¨vm‡_wUK) Lye Kg eënvi Kiv n‡q _v‡K . GKwU catheter (K¨v‡_Uvi) w`‡q nq‡Zv Avcbvi gyÎ_jx Lvwj Kiv n‡e| hš ¿ ‡jv †fZ‡i †XvKv‡bvi Rb¨ Avcbvi m¤¢eZt GKwU episiotomy (GwcwRIUvwg) Kivi cÖ‡qvRb n‡e|

Forceps (di‡mcm &) `yBwU A‡a©K A‡a©K Avjv`v Avjv`v As‡ki ˆZix Ges G¸‡jv GKwUi mv‡_ AciwU AvUKv‡bv Ae¯’vq _v‡K| G‡KKwU †e W G‡KKevi K‡i forceps (di‡mcm&¸‡jv) †hvbxi †fZ‡i X ywK‡q †`qv nq| cÖwZwU †e W wkïi gv_vi KvQ w`‡q, wbL yZfv‡e, gy‡Vve× AvKv‡i jvMv‡bv nq| Gi ci nvZj¸‡jv AvUKv‡bv nq, hv wkïi gv_vi Pvicvk a‡i myiw¶Z GKwU LuvPvi AvKvi aviY K‡i| forceps (di‡mcm&¸‡jv) ev”Pvi w`K cwieZ©b Ki‡Z cv‡i (hw` cÖ‡qvRb nq)|

Gici, Avcwb hLb cÖwZwU KbUªvKkb †eva Kivi mv‡_ mv‡_ av°v w`‡Z _vK‡eb, †hgbwU Avcwb Ki‡Zb, Ges Wv³vi †U‡b Avbvi welqwUi ‡`Lv‡kvbv Ki‡eb|

cÖt Rb¥`v‡bi ci Avgvi wK †mjvB‡qi cÖ‡qvRb n‡e?

Dt ‡Kvb †Kvb mgq wkïi gv_vi Ici w`‡q cÖmvwiZ n‡Z wM‡q ‡cwiwbqvg (cvqy Ges g~‡Îi iv¯ —vi gaëZ©x RvqMv) wQu‡o †h‡Z cv‡i| A_ev †Kvb †Kvb mgq wgWIqvBd G RvqMvwU Lye Lvivcfv‡e wQu‡o †h‡Z cv‡i, A_ev wkïi `ª“Z Rb¥MÖnY cÖ‡qvR‡bi Rb¨, ‡cwiwbqvg KvUvi Rb¨ Avcbv‡K wRÁvmv Ki‡Z cv‡ib| GB KvUvwU ‘episiotomy’ (GwcwRIUwg) wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ| GwU cÖvq †Kvb mgq Ki‡Z n‡e Zv wb‡q wgWIqvBd‡ì †fZ‡i g‡Zi cv_©K¨ i‡q‡Q, hwÌ mevB GKgZ nb †h GwU †KejgvÎ Ri“ix eë¯’v wn‡m‡e MÖnY Kiv n‡e|

‡QvULv‡Uv ‡Q uov/KvUv wb‡R †_‡KB fv‡jv n‡q hvq| eo¸‡jv Ges episiotomy (GwcwRIUwg)ÑGi Rb¨ nq‡Zv ‡mjvB‡qi cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i| GwU hLb Kiv n‡e ZLb Avcbv‡K local anaesthetic (†jvKvj Gbvm‡_wUK) †`qv n‡e| ‡mjvB¸‡jv wb‡R †_‡K wgwj‡q hvq Ñ Avcbvi mvaviYZt G¸‡jv L y‡j †bqvi cÖ‡qvRb n‡e bv| GwU bv NUv ch©š —, K‡qK w`b ch©š —, Avcwb hLb em‡eb, ZLb wKQyUv A¯^w¯ — nIqvUv ¯^vfvweK| Avcbvi hw` Gi‡P‡q †ekx e¨v_v nq, Z‡e wgWIqvBd‡K Rvbvb| †Kvb †Kvb mgq GKwU A_ev `yBwU †mjvB L y‡j wb‡j Zv Avivg w`‡Z cv‡i|

Ventouse extraction (†f›UR G·UªvKkb) wkïi w`K cwieZ©b Ki‡Z Ges ‡ei Ki‡Z Ges cÖme Kiv‡Z cv‡i| GKgv_vq Kvc jvMv‡bv Ae¯’vq Gi GKwU wUDe i‡q‡Q| wUDewU GKwU †QvU f¨vKzqvg cv‡¤úi mv‡_ mshy³ _v‡K| KvcwU mvKkb ev †Pvl‡Yi gva¨‡g wkïi gv_vi mv‡_ mshy³ nq| cÖwZwU KbUªvKk‡bi mv‡_ gv av°v †`b Ges Wv³vi Uvb‡Z _v‡Kb|

forceps (di‡mcm&¸‡jv) †hLv‡b jvMv‡bv n‡q‡Q, †mLv‡b gv_vi cÖwZwU w`‡K eª“R ev Kvjwk‡U `vM †`Lv †h‡Z cv‡i| Ventouse extraction (†f›UR G·UªvKkb)ÑGi Kvi‡Y †dvjv `vM †`Lv †h‡Z cv‡i (†Kvb †Kvb mgq GUv‡K ‘chignon’ (wPMbb) ejv n‡q _v‡K| Gi †KvbwUB ¯’vqx bq, Ges cieZ©x K‡qK w`‡bi †fZ‡i G¸‡jv P‡j hv‡e|

81

‡mKkb `yB: Rb¥

R‡b¥i ci cÖ_g g~ûZ©¸‡jv cÖm‡ei Z…Zxq ce© n‡jv Avcbvi wkïi ‡ewi‡q Avmvi ci placenta (c v‡m›Uv ev Mf©bvox) Ges membranes (†g¤^v‡i‡Ým ev AveviK wSwj ) †ei K‡i Avbv| AwaKvsk gwnjvi †¶‡Î †Kvb we‡kl NUbv QvovB GUv n‡q hvq| Avcwb nq‡Zv eyS‡ZB cvi‡eb bv †h GUv NU‡Q| AwaKvsk nmwcUvj¸‡jv‡Z Z…Zxq ce©wUi wel‡q ÔKvh©Kix eë¯’v MÖn‡YiÕ eë¯’v _v‡K| Gi A_© n‡jv , cÖm‡ei GB ce©wU Zivwš^Z Kivi Rb¨, †Kvb †Kvb eë¯’v¸‡jv wbqggvwdKfv‡eB MÖnY Kiv n‡q _v‡K|

• cÖ_‡g, Rivqyi ms‡KvP‡bi Rb¨, Avcbv‡K nq‡Zv GKwU Bb‡RKkb †`qv n‡e| GwU Avcbvi wkï hLb Rb¥ wb‡Z _vK‡e ZLb †`qv n‡q _v‡K, mvaviYfv‡e, hLb wkïi cÖ_g Kuva †ewi‡q Avm‡Z _v‡K| Bb‡RKkbwU Avcbvi _vB ev Di“ A_ev cðvZ‡`‡k †`qv n‡q _v‡K| GUv Kivi Av‡M wgWIqvBd Avcbvi m¤§wZi Rb¨ Avcbv‡K wRÁvmv Ki‡eb|

• wØZxq c`‡¶cwU N‡U Avcbvi wkï hLb Rb¥ wb‡q †d‡j| AvgwewjKvj KW ev bvox k³ K‡i a‡i ivLv nq Ges †K‡U †djv nq| GUv mvaviYZt ZLb Kiv nq hLb wbwðZ nIqv hvq †h wkï fv‡jvfv‡e k ¦vm wb‡”Q, Ges Avi Aw·‡R‡bi Rb¨ c v‡m›Uvi Ici wbf©ikxj bq|. Avcbv‡K hw` Bb‡RKkb bv ‡`qv nq, Z‡e KWwU nq‡Zv GLb †K‡U †djv n‡Z cv‡i,

A_ev ¯ú›`b eÜ bv nIqv ch©š — A_ev c v‡m›Uv †ei bv Kiv ch©š — GUv †i‡L †`qv n‡Z cv‡i|

• GLb †h‡nZz Bb‡RKk‡bi Kvh©KvwiZv ïi“ n‡Z _v‡K, GwU Rivqy‡K AZ¨š — kw³i mv‡_, GwU‡K Av‡iv †QvU, Av‡iv k³ Ges UvBU nevi Rb¨ DÏxwcZ Ki‡Z _vK‡Z| Gi d‡j c v‡m›Uvbv Rivqyi †fZ‡ii w`‡Ki cÖvPxi †_‡K L‡m co‡Z _v‡K| GB Kb&UªvKk‡bi d‡j Avcwb nq‡Zv Avev‡iv av°v w`‡Z PvB‡Z cv‡ib, Ges Avcwb nq‡Zv

82

Z …Zxq ce©

av°v w`‡q c v‡m›Uv evB‡i †ei K‡i wb‡q Avm‡Z m¶g n‡Z cv‡ib| AwaKvsk‡¶‡Î, mvaviYfv‡e Wv³vi c v‡m›Uv †ei K‡i wb‡q Avm‡Z mnvqZv K‡i _v‡Kb| Zviv, Avcbvi Rivqy myiw¶Z ivL‡Z GK nvZ Avcbvi Zj‡c‡U a‡i iv‡Lb, Ges GKBmv‡_ Aci nvZ w`‡q KW©wU UvbUvb K‡i a‡i iv‡Lb| GwU ‘cord traction’ (KW© UªvKkb) bv‡g cwiwPZ|

• c v‡m›Uv †ewi‡q Av‡m Ges i‡³i agbx¸‡jv, †h¸‡jv c v‡m›Uv‡K a‡i iv‡L, †m¸‡jv hLb Avcbvi Rivqyi †ck¸‡jv ms‡KvwPZ nq, ZLb eÜ n‡q Av‡m| GwU i‡³i ¶iY eÜ K‡i (hw` G mgq GKUz i³ cov mvaviY)| Avcwb nq‡Zv †eva K‡i _vK‡eb †h c v‡m›Uv, †g¤^v‡i‡Ýi ci ci, Avcbvi cv¸‡jvi g‡a¨ by‡q Ges †ewi‡q co‡Q|

‡Kvb †Kvb mgq, c v‡m›Uv Rivqy †_‡K ‡ewiq Av‡m bv| GUv hLb N‡U, ZLb GUv‡K Acmvi‡Yi Rb¨ GKwU †QvU Acv‡ik‡bi cÖ‡qvRb nq, hv memgq GKwU anaesthetic (Gbvm‡_wUK)ÑGi gva¨‡g Kiv n‡q _v‡K| Z„Zxq c‡e©i Av‡iKwU RwUj m¤¢vebv n‡jv i‡³i ¶iY, hv ‘postpartum haemorrhage’ (†cv÷cvU©vg †ngv‡iR) A_ev wcwc‡nBP bv‡g cwiwPZ| haemorrhage (†ngv‡iR) n‡j Zvi Ri“ix wfwË‡Z wPwKrmvi cÖ‡qvRb|

GKwU Bb‡RKkvb A_ev KW© UªvKkb e¨wZZB, GKwU mnvqZvnxb, A_ev ¯^vfvweK Z…Zxq ce© N‡U _v‡K, hv wKQyUv †ekx mgq jv‡M| ey‡K †i‡L Avcbvi wkï‡K LvIqv‡bvi c`‡¶cwU A_ev ïaygvÎ Avcbvi wkïwU‡K Avcbvi Pvgovi mv‡_ ms‡hvM Kiv‡j, Zv Oxytone (Aw·‡Uvb) ni‡gv‡bi cÖevn‡K DÏxß K‡i| GwU Avcbvi Rivqy‡K ms‡hvM Ki‡Z Ges c v‡m›Uv Ges †g‡¤^ªÝ‡K evB‡i †V‡j w`‡Z mnvqZv K‡i| bvoxi MwZ †_‡g †M‡j KW© †K‡U †djv nq, Ges cÖvqB Zvi ci, c v‡m›Uv †ewi‡q Av‡m|

Avcwb nq‡Zv Avcbvi Z…Zxq c‡e©i wel‡q Ges G e¨vcviwUi wel‡q Kvh©Kix eë¯’v †bqv n‡e wK bv, Zv Avcwb hLb wkïi R‡b¥i cwiKíbv Ki‡eb, ZLb Avjvc Ki‡Z PvB‡Z cv‡ib| Avcbvi cÖm‡ei cÖ_g Ges wØZxq c‡e© hw` †Kvb mgm¨v †`Lv w`‡q _v‡K, A_ev Avcbvi hw` c~‡e©i cÖm‡ei mgq A_ev Zvi c‡i †Kvb mgm¨v n‡q _v‡K, Z‡e GKwU ¯^ vfvweK Z…Zxq ce© GKwU wbivc` cQ›` bq| Avcbvi wgWIqvB‡di mv‡_ G wel‡q Avjvc Ki“b|

Avcbvi wkïi Apger score (AvcMvi † ‹vi (beRvZ‡Ki kvwiixK Ae ’Av cwigv‡ci GKwU cÖwµqv)) : wkï Rb¥ †bqvi ci ciB Avcbvi wgWIqvBd Avcbvi wkïi I‡qj-wewqs ev kvwiixK fv‡jv Ae¯’v A¨vcMvi †¯ ‹v‡ii gva¨‡g cwigvc K‡i _v‡Kb|GwU mvaviYZ t wkïi Rb¥ †bqvi GK †_‡K cuvP wgwbU mg‡qi †fZ‡i, ch©‡e¶Y cÖwµqvi gva¨‡g Kiv n‡q _v‡K| †Kvb †Kvb BDwbU `yB wgwb‡Ui GKwU Ae¯’v cwigvc K‡I _v‡K| Avcbvi wkïi k ¦vmcÖk ¦vm, Mv‡qi is, †ckxi AvKvi, DÏxc‡Ki cÖwZ mvov Ges ü`K¤ú‡bi MwZ cix¶v Kiv nq, Ges Avcbvi wkïi evwn¨K i ƒc Ges kvwiixK Ae¯’vi GB me w`K¸‡jvi Rb¨ 0, 1 A_ev 2 gvK© ev m~PK wPý cÖ`vb Kiv nq|

Avcbvi wkï‡K ¯vMZg Rvbv‡bv

hw` Avcbvi Ges Avcbvi wkïi mewKQy wVKVvK _v‡K, R‡b¥i ci mv ‡_ mv‡_ Avcwb Avcbvi wkï‡K a‡i †`L‡Z cv‡ib|

‡Kvb wKQy bv †cwP‡q A_ev Avcbv‡ì g‡a¨ †Kvb Kvco ivLv QvovB,& Avcbvi wkï‡K Rwo‡q ai“b (Pvgov mv‡_ Pvgov wgwj‡q)| wgWIqvBd Avcbvi wkïi Mv †_‡K Zij c`v_©¸‡jv gy‡Q †dj‡eb Ges DòZvi Rb¨ nq‡Zv Avcbv‡ì `yÕR‡bi Ici GKwU Pvì ev K¤^jRvZxq AveiY cÖ`vb Ki‡eb| GLbB Avcbvi wkï‡K †Kvb wKQy w`‡q †cPv‡bi mgq nqwb| Gi cwie‡Z©, Zv‡K Rwo‡q ai“b Ges Zvi cÖwZwU RvqMvq Av`‡ii cik eyjvb! Zvi nq‡Zv Avcbvi ¯ —‡bi mv‡_ Rwo‡q _vK‡Z PvIqvi m¤¢vebv †ekx, GLb Avcwb Zv‡K Zvi cÖ_g ey‡Ki `ya cÖ`vb Ki‡Z cv‡ib|

ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bvi welqwU fv‡jvfv‡e ïi“ Kivi †¶‡Î, Avcbvi `yÕR‡bi ga¨Kvi GB Nwbô ms‡hvMwU DcKvix nq e‡j †`Lv †M‡Q| GwU Avcbvi wkï‡K Dò _vK‡ZI mnvqZv K‡i _v‡K, †m M‡f© †hgb Avcbvi ü`K¤úb ïb‡Zv, †Zgwbfv‡e Avcbvi ü`K¤úb ïb‡Z cv‡i, †m K‡U _vK‡j †hgbwU n‡Zv, Zvi †P‡q fv‡jvfv‡e Zvi nv‡Z cv‡q i‡³i mÂvjb n‡Z _v‡K, Ges Zvi Kvbœv Kivi m¤¢vebv K‡g hvq| ïaygvÎ GB we‡kl mgq¸‡jv Dc‡fvM Ki“b, Ges GB mgq †Kvb ai‡Yi Zvovûov †eva Ki‡eb bv| Avcbvi wkïi mv‡_ K_v ejyb, Zvi w`‡K AcjK †P‡q _vKzb, Ges fv‡jvevmvi GB gyn~Z©¸‡jv Dc‡fvM Ki“b Ñ G¸‡jv Avcwb mviv Rxeb g‡b ivL‡eb|

83

ÔAvgvi g‡b nq, wkïi R‡b ¥i ci Avwg GKUz evKi“× Ae¯’vi g‡Zv n‡q wM‡qwQjvg| cÖm‡e GZ `xN© mgq †j‡MwQj| cÖvq g‡b nw”Qj †h wkïwUi ¸i“Z¡ Avgvi Kv‡Q Kg Ñ Avwg wbwðZfv‡eB Zv‡K ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bv ev Zv‡K a‡i ivLvi g‡Zv g‡b KiwQjvg bv| c‡ii w`b †_‡K, Zvi c‡ii w`b¸‡jv‡Z, Avwg A‡bK fv‡jv †eva KiwQjvg, Ges Avwg eyS‡Z cviwQjvg †h Avwg ïay Avb›` cvIqvi Rb¨B Avgvi wkï‡K a‡i AvwQ| wKš‘ GUv G‡Kev‡ii Avcbv †_‡KB n‡q Av‡mwb|Õ

cÖ_g g~ûZ’M„‡jv

¬ÔAvwg Avb‡›ì AvwZk‡h¨ Awff~Z n‡q wM‡qwQjvg Ñ Avgv‡ì `y ÕR‡biB GUv n‡qwQj| ‡Rwg‡K †`Lvi mv‡_ mv‡_B, Zvi mv‡_ Avgvi cv †_‡K gv_v ch©š — fv‡jvevmv n‡q hvq| I g‡b n‡Zv †h Avgv‡ì `yÕR‡bi w`‡K ZvwK‡q i‡q‡Q, Ges Avgiv `yÕR‡b Zvi mv‡_ K_v ejZvg, Zv‡K †UvKv w`Zvg, Ges Zv‡K ¯úk© KiZvg... Gi ci †m `yB N›Uvi Rb¨ kvwš —‡Z N ywg‡q c‡o| Kgc‡¶ `yB w`b ch©š — Avwg Ab¨ RM‡Z wQjvg|Õ

Avcbvi wkï‡K cÖ_g ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bv Avcbvi wkï hLb cÖ_g ey‡Ki `y‡ai cÖwZ AvMÖn †`Lv‡e, Avcwb ZLb Zv‡K cÖ_g ey‡Ki `ya w`‡Z cv‡ib| Pvgovi mv‡_ Pvgov jvwM‡q Avcbvi wkï‡K Rwo‡q ai“b (83 c„ôv †`L yb)| †m hLb cÖ_g wRnŸv w`‡q †Vv‡Ui ‡fZ‡i evB‡i Ki‡e, wkï‡K ey‡Ki `ya †`qvi Rb¨ ZLbB fv‡jv mgq| M‡elYvq †`Lv †M‡Q †h beRvZK wkï‡ì‡K hw` Awew”Qbœfv‡e Pvgovi mv‡_ †Q uvqv jvwM‡q ivLv hvq, Z‡e Zviv cÖvqB gv‡qi ¯ —‡bi w`‡K Ônvgv¸woÕ w`‡q GwM‡q hvq,†mLv‡b _v‡K Ges gv‡qi ¯ —‡bi mv‡_ fv‡jvfv‡e wb‡R‡ì jvwM‡q iv‡L|

84

‡mKkb `yB: Rb¥

GUv †Kb Kiv nq Ges wK N‡U _v‡K GKwU wmRvwiqvb R‡b¥i gv‡b n‡jv, Avcbvi wkï GKwU Acv‡ik‡bi gva¨‡g Rb¥jvf Ki‡Q| mvR©b ev kj¨wPwKrmvwe` KvUvi gva¨‡g Avcbvi Zj‡cU Ges c‡i Rivqy Db¥y³ K‡ib| Avcbvi †bvU¸‡jv‡Z Avcwb nq‡Zv GUv LSCS (GjGmwmGm) A_ev,LUSCS (GjBDGmwmGm), Lower Segment Caesarean Section (†jvqvi †mM‡g›U wmRvwiqvb †mKkb), A_ev Lower Uterine Segment Caesarean Section (†jvqvi BD‡Uwib †mM‡g›U wmRv wiqvb †mKkb) A_ev ïay CS (Caesarean Section) wn‡m‡e †`L‡Z cv‡eb|

Avcbvi wmRvwiqvb †mKkb Kiv n‡”Q Zv nq‡Zv Avcwb Av‡M †_‡K Rvb‡Z cv‡ib| GUv m¤¢eZ Avcbvi cÖm‡e hvIqvi Av‡MB Kiv n‡e, myZivs Avcbvi A¨v‡cv‡q›U‡g›U I wkïi R‡b¥i cÖZ¨vwkZ Zvwi‡Li †P‡q Av‡M n‡e| GB AvMvg cwiKíbvwU ÔB‡jw±f †mKkbÕ bv‡g cwiwPZ| wKQy wKQy gwnjvi cÖm‡e hvIqvi ci Ges †hvwb c‡_ Rb¥ n‡e e‡j Avkv Kivi ci wmRvwiqvb †mKk‡bi cÖ‡qvRb nq| GwU Bgv‡R©Ýx ev Ri“ix wmRvwiqvb †mKkb wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ, hwÌ AwaKvsk ‡¶‡ÎB

G¸‡jv GZUv bvUKxq e‡j g‡b nq bv Ges †h iKg †kl g~ûZ© e‡j †kvbvq †ZgbwU nq bv|

Avcbvi wK N‡U _vK‡e Avcbv‡K †h ai‡YiB anaesthetic (A¨vbvm‡_wUK)B †`qv ‡nvK bv †Kb, Acv‡ikb¸‡jv cÖvq GKB iKg| AvRKvj anaesthetic (A¨vbvm‡_wUK)— GKwU spinal (¯úvBbvj) A_ev GKwU epidural (GwcwWDivj) †`qv AwaK mvaviY Ñ hvi d‡j Avcwb ‡R‡M _vK‡Z cvi‡eb Ñ hwÌ Avcwb †Kvb e¨v_v Abyfe Ki‡eb bv| Avcbvi cvU©bvi A_ev Rb¥ †`qvi mgq whwb Avcbvi mv‡_ _vK‡eb, wZwb †Zgbfv‡eB Avcbvi mv‡_ _vK‡Z cvi‡eb|

mvR©b Avcbvi wbgœv‡½i †K‡ki wVK Dc‡i, GKB jvBb eivei, cÖ_‡g Avcbvi Zj‡c‡Ui wfwË‡Z Ges c‡i Rivqy eivei KvU‡eb|

wkï‡K hLb †ei K‡i Avbv n‡e, Avcwb ZLb nq‡Zv, †Kvb †Kvb mgq nvZ, †Kvb †Kvb mgq GK‡Rvov di‡m‡ci n¨vPKv Uvb †eva Ki‡Z cv‡ib| GB mgq wkïi AvgwewjK¨vj KW© KvUv nq Ges Zv `„pfv‡e a‡i ivLv nq, Gi ci `ª“Z Zv‡K cix¶v Kiv nq, Ges mewKQy hw` wVK _v‡K Z‡e Avcbv‡K ai‡Z †`qvi Rb¨ †`qv n‡e| Gi ci c v‡m›Uv Ges ‡gg‡eªÝ †ei K‡i Avbv nq, Ges Gi ci Avcbvi Rivqy Ges Zj‡c‡U †mjvB Kiv n‡e| wkï‡K Rb¥ w`‡Z cÖvq 10 wgwbU mg‡qi g‡Zv jv‡M Ges Gi ci Avcbvi ‡mjvB¸‡jv Ki‡Z cÖvq 30 wgwbU mg‡qi g‡Zv jv‡M|

85

wmRvwiqvb Rb¥

Avcwb †h me Kvi‡Y wmRvwiqvb †mKkb Kivi wm×vš — wb‡Z cv‡ib, Zvi †fZ‡i Aš —f©~³ i‡q‡Q:

• Avcbvi c v‡m›UvwU L ye ‡jv-jvBs ev bxPz Ae¯’vq i‡q‡Q (hv placenta praevia (c v‡m›Uv †cÖBwfqv) bv‡g cwiwPZ) hv wkïi ‡ei n‡q Avmvi c‡_ evavi m„wó K‡i

• gvwëcj ev GK‡Î K‡qKwU wkïi Mf©aviY Ñ RgR wkï‡ì †ejvq, †Kvb †Kvb †¶‡Î Ges wZbwU ev Zvi †P‡q †ekx _vK‡j cÖvq memgqB

• Ab¨vb¨ RwUjZv, ‡hgb †hvbx‡Z c~‡e©i

†Kvb Acv‡ikb • malpresentation (gj‡cÖ‡R‡›Ukb

ev AmyweavRbK Ae¯’vb) — Avcbvi wkï Ggb GKwU Ae¯’vq i‡q‡Q ‡h †hvbx c‡_ Rb¥`vb

†h mKj Kvi‡Y Ri“ix wmRvwiqvb ‡mKkb Kiv n‡q _v‡K Zvi †fZ‡i Aš —f©~³ i‡q‡Q: • gv‡qi g‡a¨ eclampsia

(GK‡jw¤úwRqv) A_ev ¸i“Zi pre-eclampsia (wcÖ-GK‡jw¤úwRqv) i‡q‡Q (c„ôv 55–56 ‡`L yb), hvi A_© n‡jv Mf©ve¯’v hZ ZvovZvox m¤¢e †kl nIqv DwPZ

• ¸i“Zi †Kvb Amy¯’Zvi nVvr ewntcÖKvk, ‡hgb wKWwbi †ivM, A_ev L ye D”P i³ Pvc|

• wkï, Rb¥`v‡bi Rb¨ AmyweavRbK ev Am¤¢e GKwU Ae¯’v‡b i‡q‡Q (‘malpresentation gj‡cÖ‡R‡›Ukb’) A_ev †cjwfm w`‡q †ewi‡q Avmvi Rb¨ L ye eo| (‘disproportion wWRcÖ‡cvk©b ev Amg nvi’)| cÖme ïi“i c~e© ch©š — GUv nq‡Zv `„wó‡MvPi n‡e bv|

• wkï d¨vUvj wWm‡Uª‡m fyM‡Q (Aw·‡R‡bi Afve) Ges forceps di‡má A_ev Ventouse (‡f‡›UvR) Øviv wbivc` Mf©`v‡bi Rb¨, cÖme GL‡bv h‡_ó cwigv‡Y AvMvq wb|

• Avcbvi wkïi gv_v Avcbvi †cjwf‡mi Zzjbvq h‡_ó eo, A_ev Avcbvi †cjwf‡mi MVb A_ev AvKvi, eo ai‡Yi †Kvb Amyweav Qvov wkï‡K Rb¥ wb‡Z w`‡e bv

• cÖm‡e MwZi Afve, K›UªvKkb ev ms‡KvPb¸‡jv hLb `ye©j Ges mvwf©· hLb cy‡ivUv cÖmvwiZ nq bv

KwVb A_ev Am¤¢e| Anaesthesia (A¨vbvm‡_wkqv) Ges wmRvwiqvb †mKkb Avcbvi hw` wmRvwiqvb ‡mKkb n‡q _v‡K Z‡e Avcbvi, e¨v_v †_‡K m¤ú~Y© gyw³i cÖ‡qvRb n‡e| wKQy wKQy gwnjv‡K mvaviY anaesthetic (A¨vbvm‡_wUK) †`qv n‡q _v‡K, hvi A_© n‡jv, Acv‡ik‡bi mgq Avcbvi Ávb _vK‡e bv| AwaKvsk gwnjv‡K GKwU epidural (GwcwWDivj) A_ev spinal anaesthetic (¯úvBbvj A¨vbvm‡_wUK) †`qv n‡q _v‡K| GwU Bb‡RKkb †h RvqMvq †`q nq, †mLvb †_‡K bxP w`‡K m¤ú~Y© Amvo K‡i †`q, wKš‘ GwU Avcbv‡K m¤ú~Y© mRvM _vK‡Z ‡`q Ges e¨v_v Qvov, Ab¨ hv wKQy NU‡Q †m m¤ú‡K© mRvM iv‡L|

mvaviY anaesthetic (A¨vbvm‡_wUK)ÑGi cvk ¦©cÖwZwµqv¸‡jv †_‡K gyw³ †c‡Z wKQyUv mgq jv‡M, Ges G‡Z gv‡qi ¯^v‡¯’ï Rb¨ †ekx Su ywK _v‡K, Ges GB Kvi‡Y mvaviYfv‡e epidural (GwcwWDivj) A_ev spinal anaesthetic (¯úvBbvj A¨vbvm‡_wUK) †`qv nq| †Kvb †Kvb RvqMvq Wv³viiv spinal (¯úvBbvj) Ges epidural (GwcwWDivj)ÑGi GKwU mswgkªY cÖ`vb K‡ib, hv cÖ‡qvRb n‡j anaesthetic (A¨vbvm‡_wUK) Øviv cwic~iY Kiv hvq|

86

cÖ‡kœi Reve

Avcbvi †mKk‡bi ci Avcbvi wmRvwiqvb †mKk‡bi ci cÖ_g w`b¸‡jv‡Z, Avcwb L ye K¬vwš — †eva Ki‡eb Ñ m¤¢eZt f¨vwRbvj ev_© ev †hvbxc_ Øviv R‡b¥i PvB‡Z AwaK K¬vwš — Ñ Ges Avcbvi wKQy e¨v_v _vK‡Z cv‡i, we‡kl K‡i Avcbvi KvUvi RvqMvwUi Av‡kcv‡k| Avcwb nq‡Zv intestinal wind (B‡›Uw÷bvj DBÛ)ÑG fyM‡Z cv‡ib, hv Zj‡c‡Ui ‡h †Kvb Acv‡ik‡bi ci GKwU mvaviY welq| nvm‡j A_ev Kvk‡jI Zv‡Z e¨v_v Ki‡Z cv‡i| Avcbvi hLb Kvkevi A_ev nvmevi cÖ‡qvRb n‡e ZLb †c‡U †h †Kvb ai‡Yi Pvc Gov‡bvi Rb¨, Avcbvi KvUv RvqMvwU‡Z wKfv‡e mnvqZv cÖ`vb Ki‡eb, Zv wgWIqvBd Avcbv‡K †`wL‡q w`‡eb| weªd ev Rvw½qv, ‡h¸‡jvi Gjvw÷K Avcbvi KvUv RvqMvwUi Dci G‡m co‡e, †m¸‡jv civi cwie‡Z© eis eo ai‡Yi c¨v›U co–b, hv Avcbvi gvRv ch©š — Avm‡e| Avcbv‡K †cBb wiwjd ev e¨v_v DckgKvix cÖ`vb Kiv n‡e, hv wkï‡K ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bvi mgq wbivc`|

cÖt Avgvi hw` Av‡iv GKwU wkï nq, Z‡e wK Avgvi wmRvwiqvb †mKk‡bi cÖ‡qvRb n‡e?

Dt m¤ ¢eZ bv, hw` bv wmRvwiqvb †mKkb Kivi KviY¸ ‡jv Avev‡iv bv N‡U, A_ev Avcwb hw` eo wkï aviY K‡ib Ges Avcbvi †cjwfm †QvU nq (‘disproportion (wWRcÖ‡cvk©b)’)| hvB‡nvK, wWRcÖ‡cvk©‡bi welqwU wba©viY Kiv memgqB KóKi A_ev `ª“Z n‡q _v‡K bv, Ges Avcwb nq‡Zv Av‡iv wK Ki‡Z cv‡ib, †m wel‡q Rvb‡Z PvB‡Z cv‡ib|

Avcwb hL‡b cÖm‡e hv‡eb, ZLb GKwU mvgvb¨ Su ywK i‡q‡Q †h, K›UªvKkb ev ms‡KvP‡bi d‡j Zv nq‡Zv Avcbvi Rivqy‡Z ¶‡Zi m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡i, hvi d‡j Zv wQo‡Z ïi“ n‡Z cv‡i| hwÌ GUv NUv L yeB weij Ges GUv †Kvb cÖKvi mZK©evYx QvovB ïi“ n‡Z cv‡i, GUv mgm¨v Kivi Av‡MB Zv wPwýZ Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

Avcbvi mv‡_ nq‡Zv GKwU †QvU bj jvwM‡q † qv n‡e, †hUv bvn‡jv nq‡Zv Avcbvi KvUv RvqMvi †h i³ Rgv n‡Zv †mUv ‡ei K‡i Avb‡e| GUv GK w b ev GiKg mg‡q †fZ‡i Ly‡j †djv nq| cÖ _‡g, Avcbvi evû‡Z ’vcb Kiv GKwU intraveneous drip (B›Uªvwfbvm wWªc) Avcbvi kixi †_‡K †h Zij c v_© †ei n‡q‡Q, Zv c~iY Ki‡e| Avcwb D‡V †ckve Ki‡Z †h‡Z m¶g n‡e bv| Avcbv‡K nq GKwU Kv‡_Uvi jvwM‡q † qv n‡e A_ev Avcbv‡K †eWcv‡bi mvnvh wb‡Z n‡e|

Avcbvi Pvgovi †mjvB¸‡jv nq‡Zv Avcbv †_‡KB wgwj‡q hv‡e A_ev G¸‡jv c‡i L y‡j †djv n‡e| Individual clips (BwÛwfRyqvj wK¬c)¸‡jvI L y‡j †djv n‡e|

Avcbvi Abyf~wZ ‡Kvb †Kvb mgq, gwnjviv nq‡Zv wmRviwiqvb Rb¥ †`qvi Kvi‡Y nZvk †eva K‡ib| Avcbvi ÔRb¨Õ wkï †ei K‡i AvbvwU, Avcbv‡K nq‡Zv GUv †eva Kiv‡Z cv‡i †h, Avcwb nq‡Zv cÖ‡qvRbxq wKQy cvb wb| Zvi ci wkï hw` my¯’ _v‡K, Z‡e Avcwb nq‡Zv nZvk nevi Rb¨ Aciva †eva Ki‡Z cv‡ib| GB Abyf~wZ¸‡jv wb‡q Avcbvi cvU©bv‡ii mv‡_, wgWIqvBd Ges Ab¨vb¨ hv‡ì wmRvwiqb wkï n‡q‡Q Zv‡ì mv‡_ Avjvc Ki“b| Avcbvi †Kb wmRvwiqvb †mKkb Kivi cÖ‡qvRb n‡q‡Q Zv eyS‡Z cvi‡j Zv Avcbvi AwfÁZvwU‡K ev¯ —e cwi‡cÖw¶‡Z wPš —v Ki‡Z mvnvh¨ Ki‡e| mv‡cvU© ms¯’v¸‡jv G wel‡q mvnvh¨ Ki‡Z cv‡i| (GB eB‡qi †k‡l Further help ev Av‡iv mnvqZvq †`L yb).

wmRvwiqvb †mKk‡bi ci wkï‡K ey‡Ki ya LvIqv‡bv Avcbvi hw GKwU wmRvwiqb †mKkb nq, ZviciI hZ¶b bv †m ey‡Ki ya LvIqvi cÖwZ AvMÖn †`Lvq, ZZ¶Y Avcbvi wkï‡K Pvgovi mv‡_ Nwbôfv‡e jvwM‡q Rwo‡q ai‡Z cv‡ib| (c„ôv 84 †`Lyb)| Avcbvi wkï‡K Avivg K‡i emv‡Z Ges Avcbvi mv‡_ jvwM‡q ivLvi Rb¨ cÖ_g K‡qK w`b Avcbvi nq‡Zv Aci Kv‡iv mnvqZvi cÖ‡qvRb n‡e| Avcbvi Ges Avcbvi wkï, Df‡qiB Aviv‡gi mv‡_ _vKv cÖ‡qvqRb, Ges Avcwb nq‡Zv †`L‡eb †h, Avcbvi †Kv‡ji Dci GKwU evwj‡ki Ici wkï‡K Zz‡j ai‡j, Zv Avcbvi †c‡Ui Ici AwZwi³ Pvc cov ‡iva Ki‡e| A_ev, Avcwb hLb cvk wd‡i ï‡eb, ZLb nq‡Zv wkï‡K ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bvi wPš —v Ki‡Z cv‡ib| ÔdzUejÕ Kvq`vq aivwU cÖvq‡¶‡ÎB me‡P‡q AvivgcÖ` nq e‡j †`Lv †M‡Q (Avcbvi kixi Ges evûi gaëZ©x ¯’‡j wkïi cv `y‡Uv ¯’vcb Kiv)| Avcwb †h fv‡e ey‡Ki `ya Drcv`b Ki‡eb, wmRvwiqb ‡mKkb Zvi †Kvb cv_©K¨ NUvq bv|

87

‡mKkb wZb: Avcwb Ges Avcbvi beRvZK wkï

Avcbvi wkïi g‡a¨ cwieZ©b G‡Kev‡i cÖ_‡g, Avcbvi wkï‡K nq‡Zv wKQyUv AbïKg jvM‡Z cv‡i Ñ cÖvq‡¶‡ÎB A uv‡Uvm uv‡Uv Ges †iLvgq, Ges m¤¢ve¨ †¶‡Î nvZ Ges cv‡q bxjvf †Q uvqv| K‡qK w`‡bi gv_vq, Avcwb †`L‡eb †h GUv GKUz GKUz K‡i wVK n‡q Avm‡Q, gv_v Av‡iv †ekx †MvjvK…wZ n‡Z _v‡K, Pvgovq Vernix (fvwb©·)-Gi mv`v‡U AveiY †jvc †c‡Z _v‡K| wKQy wKQy wkï cÖ_g `yB †_‡K wZb w`b cÖPzi cwigv‡b N ywg‡q _v‡K; Ab¨vbïv cÖvqB mRvM _v‡K Ges †KD †KD cÖvq memgq ey‡Ki `ya †L‡Z Pvq| wkï ‡h¸‡jv Ki‡Z Pvq, †m¸‡jv Kiv Ges Zviv hLb †L‡Z Pvq, Zv‡ì‡K ZLb LvIqv‡bv ¸i“Z¡c~Y©| AwaKvsk BDwbUB GLb wkï‡ì‡K Zv‡ì gv‡q‡ì mv‡_ w`‡bi 24N›UvB GKmv‡_ _vKvi Rb¨ mycvwik K‡i _v‡K| GwU ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bvi welqwU‡Z Af¨¯ — K‡i Ges msµg‡Yi Su ywK n «vm K‡i| G QvovI wbivcËvRwbZ Kvi‡Yi RbÏ GUv ¸i“Z¡c~Y©| Avcbvi wkïi †h cix¶v¸‡jv Kiv n‡Z cv‡i R‡b¥i ci cÖ_g w`b¸‡jv‡Z, Avcbvi wkï †h my¯’ mej i‡q‡Q, Zv wbwðZ Ki‡Z, cix¶v¸‡jv Kivi Rb¨ ejv n‡q _v‡K|

Wv³vi Ges wgWIqvBd G¸‡jv Avcbvi mv‡_ Av‡MB Avjvc Ki‡eb|

• Heart (nvU© ev ü`wcÛ)| Avcbv‡K hw` ejv nq †h Avcbvi wkïi nv‡U©i AwZwi³ kã i‡q‡Q hv ‘murmur’ (gvg©vi) bv‡g cwiwPZ, Z‡e Avcwb nq‡Zv wPwš —Z n‡Z cv‡ib, wKš‘ ev¯ —e‡¶‡Î GB Ae¯’vwU AZ¨š — mvaviY| wn‡m‡e †`Lv †M‡Q †h 50 kZvsk wkïiB cÖ_g mßv‡n nv‡U©i murmur (gvg©vi) i‡q‡Q| GK mßv‡ni †fZ‡i murmurs (gvg©vim&) Avi †kvbv hvq bv|

• Congenital dislocation of the hip (Kb‡RwbUvj wWR‡jv‡Kkb Ae wnc ev Rb¥MZfv‡e KwU‡`‡ki ¯’vbPz¨wZ). Di“i nvo¸‡jvi gv_vi (femur (wdgvi)) †hfv‡e bov DwPZ, †m¸‡jv †mfv‡e KwU‡`‡k wdgv‡ii m‡KU ev †KUv‡i wVKfv‡e bo‡Q, Ges Zv wcQ‡j †ewi‡q Avm‡Q bv, Zv wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ Wv³vi cÖwZwU wnc R‡q›U ev Di“mwÜ cix¶v K‡i _v‡Kb|

• PKU— phenylketonuria (wcwKBD Ñ †dbvjwK‡Uvbwiqv Ñ AZ¨š — weij GKwU †gUvewjK ev wecvKxq MÛ‡Mvj)| e vW ¯úU †U÷ (AvbyôvwbK ‘Guthrie’ (¸_wi) ‡U÷ wkï Rb¥ †bqvi GK mßvn ev GiKg mg‡qi †fZ‡i Kiv n‡q _v‡K, mvaviYZt cÂg w`bwUi ci, hv‡Z K‡i G welqwU Ges Ab¨vb¨ Ae¯’v¸‡jv cix¶v Kiv hvq, ‡hgb congenital hypothyroidism (CPT) (Kb‡RwbUvj nvB‡cv_vBi‡qwWRg (wmwcwU)| Avcbvi wkïi †Mvovjx‡Z m u~P †dvUv‡bv nq, Ges we‡kl GKwU Kv‡W© K‡qK †dvU i³ †bqv nq| Gi ci i‡³i bgybv cix¶v Kivi Rb¨ j¨ve‡iUix ev imvqvbvMv‡i cvVv‡bv nq| †U÷wUi gva¨‡g wK wK Rvbv hv‡e, Zv Rvbvi Rb¨ wgWIqvB‡di mv‡_ K_v ejyb|

• Cystic fibross (wmw÷K dvB‡eªvwmm) GwU Ggb GKwU Ae¯’v hv‡Z jvs ev dzmdzm Ges cwicvK m¤^Üxq mgm¨v †`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i| hZ ZvovZvwo Gi wPwKrmv Kiv hvq ZZ fv‡jv| 2003 mv‡ji †deª“qvix †_‡K, ¯‹Uj¨v‡Û, wkïi †Mvovjx †_‡K †bqv GKB i‡³i ¯úU †U‡÷i gva¨‡g wmw÷K dvB‡eªvwmm cix¶v Kiv n‡e|

• Jaundice (RwÛm ev cxZ‡ivM)| GUv mvaviYZt Pvgov ch©‡e¶‡Yi gva¨‡g cix¶v Kiv n‡q _v‡K, wkïi hw` GUv †_‡K _v‡K, Z‡e Zv‡ì Pvgov njy`vf n‡q _v‡K| A‡bK beRvZK wkïi i‡³ Bilirubun (wewji“web) bv‡gi GKwU c`v_© weivRgvb _v‡K, Zv‡ì nvjKv RwÛm †_‡K _v‡K|

88

cÖ_g w`b¸‡jv

¯‹Uj¨v‡Ûi K‡qKwU GjvKvq Newborn screening test (wbDeY© wnqvwis ¯Œxwbs ev beRvZK wkïi kªeYkw³ ch©‡e¶Y) cÖ‡qvM Kiv n‡”Q, hv infant distraction test ÑGi cwie‡Z© Kiv n‡e, Ges GwU 2005 mv‡ji GwcÖj †_‡K me¸‡jv GjvKv †_‡K Zz‡j †bqv n‡e| GB †U‡÷i wel‡q Av‡iv Z‡_ï Rb¨, Ges GUv Avcbvi GjvKvq K‡e †_‡K cvIqv hv‡e, Zv Rvbvi Rb¨ Avcbvi ¯’vbxq g¨vUviwbwU BDwbU, wRwc A_ev †nj_ wfwRU‡ii mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM Ki“b|

hw` Mv‡qi njy` is P‡j bv hvq, Z‡e RwÛmwU ¸i“Zi wK bv Zv cix¶v Kivi Rb¨ GKwU i³ cix¶v Kiv nq| †h mKj wkï‡ì 14 w`b ch©š — RwÛm _v‡K, Zv‡ì Ab¨vb¨ cix¶vi Rb¨ GKRb a paediatrician (‡cwWqvwUªqvwkqv‡bi) Kv‡Q †bqv DwPZ| RwÛ‡mi Ab¨vb¨ Av‡iv Kg mvaviY KviY i‡q‡Q, †h¸‡jv wÿ‡ePbvq ‡bqvi cÖ‡qvRb †bB| hvB †nvK, AwaKvsk wkïB m¤ú~Y© my¯’ _v‡K|

• Group B Streptococcus (Strep) (MÖ“c we †÷c‡UvKKvm (†÷ ªc)| GwU GK ai‡Yi RxevYy, hv GK Z…Zxqvsk gv KZ…©K evwnZ n‡q _v‡K, Ges mvaviYZt G¸‡jv †Kv‡bv ¶wZ K‡i bv| hvB †nvK cÖm‡ei mg‡q, GwU wkïi kix‡i P‡j Avm‡Z cv‡i, Ges L ye Aí msL¨K wkï, hviv G‡Z Avµvš — nq, Zv‡ì wPwKrmv Kiv bv n‡j, Zviv AZ¨š — Amy¯’ n‡q co‡Z cv‡i| ‡h mKj wkï G‡Z Avµvš — nq Zviv hv‡Z Amy¯’ bv n‡q

AwaKvsk †gUviwbwU BDwb‡U, wkïi R‡b¥i Aí wKQy¶b ciB, †jevi Iqv‡W© wbqggvwdKfv‡e Vitamin K (wfUvwgb †K) ‡`qv n‡q _v‡K, GKwU beRvZ‡Ki GKwU weij †ivM hv haemorrhagic disease (†ngv‡iR wWwRR) bv‡g cwiwPZ, Zv †iva K‡i _v‡K, GB †iv‡M wkïi i³ RgvU evav eÜ n‡q hvq| Avcbvi wkï‡K `yBfv‡e Vitamin K (wfUvwgb ‡K) †`qv n‡q _v‡K, Iivwj ev LvIqv‡bvi gva¨‡g (gyL w`‡q) A_ev Bb‡RKk‡bi gva¨‡g|

Dfq c×wZ‡ZB Avcbvi wkï‡K myi¶v cÖ`vb Kiv nq| cv_©K¨ n‡jv †h Avcbvi wkï‡K hw` Ôgy‡LiÕ gva¨‡g †`qv nq Z‡e †WvR ev c_¨wU Avev‡iv LvIqv‡Z n‡e Ñ †h mKj wkïiv digyjv (ev”Pv‡ì LvIqvi wmwiqvj) Lvq, Zv‡ì Rb¨ `yBevi Ges hviv ey‡Ki `ya Lvq Zv‡ì Rb¨ Kgc‡¶ wZb evi| Gi KviY n‡jv Vitamin K (wfUvwgb †K) Bbd¨v›U digyjv¸‡jv‡Z Av‡M‡_‡KB ‡gkv‡bv _v‡K| G wel‡q Avcwb hv hv Z_¨ Rvb‡Z Pvb, Avcbvi Zvi me¸‡jvB Rvbv‡bv n‡e Ges Vitamin K (wfUvwgb †K) †`qvi c~‡e© Avcbvi AbygwZ ‡bqv n‡e|

c‡o †m Rb¨ Zv‡ì antibiotics (A¨vw›Uev‡qvwU·) †`qv nq| †Kvb †Kvb GjvKv‡Z, gv‡q‡ì Rb¨ ˆbwgwËKfv‡e Strep B (†÷ªc we) †U‡÷I welqwU we‡ePbv Kiv n‡”Q| ¯’vbxq cwjwmi wel‡q Avcbvi wgWIqvBd‡K wRÁvmv Ki“b Ges GB eB‡qi †cQ‡b Further help ev Av‡iv mnvqZvq †`L yb|

Reflexes (wi‡d¬‡·m ev cÖwZwµqv)ÑGi †fZ‡i hv hv Aš —f~©³ n‡q _v‡K: • Moro or “startle” reflex

(†gv‡iv A_ev ÷vU©j wi‡d¬·) Avcbvi wkï‡K ‡h e¨w³wU cix¶v Ki‡eb wZwb Zvi nvZ Ges †dviAvg© ev AMÖevûi Øviv wkï‡K mv‡cvU© ev †VK& cÖ`vb Ki‡eb, Gici hLb cix¶viKvixi nvZ wkïi gv_v †_‡K mwi‡q †bqv n‡e, ZLb wkï Zvi nvZ-cv †Q uvovQuywo Ki‡Z _v‡K, Ges Zvi ci ax‡i ax‡i Av‡Mi Ae¯’v‡b wd‡i hvq|

• stepping response (†÷wcs

†imcÝ ev n uvUvi cÖwZwµqv) ZLbB Rvbv hv‡e hLb Avcwb Avcbvi wkï‡K Ò÷¨vwÛs cwRkbÓ ev Ò` uvo Kiv‡bv Ae¯’vqÓ a‡i ivL‡eb – nvZ `y‡Uv ey‡Ki cvk w`‡q Rov‡bv Ges ‡m Avcbvi w`‡K wecixZ gyL K‡i ` uvov‡bv| k³ †Kvb wRwb‡mi (†hgb †Uwej) Ici wkïi GKwU cv ivL yb| †mB cvwU AvMv‡bvi mv‡_, Ges Zvi Ab¨ cvwU mvg‡bi w`‡K AvMv‡Z _v‡K, †hb g‡b n‡”Q †h Avcbvi wkï cv †dj‡Q|

• trunk incurvation reflex

(UªvsK BbKv‡f©kb wi‡d¬·)| Avcbvi wkïi †cQb w`‡K, †gi“`‡Ûi RvqMv a‡i, nvZ eyjv‡j Avcwb GB wi‡d¬·wU †`L‡Z cv‡eb| wkïi Zvi †cQbw`K e uvKv Ki‡e|

Avcbvi wkïi R‡b¥i g~ûZ© †_‡K †m hv hv Ki‡Z cv‡i: • ‡`L‡Z cv‡i, hwÌ 25 †mw›UwgUv‡ii

(10 BwÂ) †ekx `~‡ii †Kvb wRwbm Zvi Rb¨ cwi®‹vifv‡e ‡`Lv KóKi| Avcwb hw` GKRb Av‡iKR‡bi w`‡K ZvKv‡bv Ae¯’vq Zv‡K Zz‡j a‡ib, Avcbvi gv_v Ab¨w`‡K †divb Z‡e wkïi †PvL Avcbvi gyL‡K AbymiY Ki‡e|

• ïb‡Z Ges †Rv‡i †Kvb k‡ãi Øviv mPwKZ n‡Z| wkï me‡P‡q †ekx mvov †`q big, nvjKv KÚ‡K Ñ wkï‡ì mv‡_ K_v ejvi mgq Avgiv ¯^vfvweKfv‡e †h ai‡Yi my‡i K_v ewj|

• gy‡Vv K‡i ai‡Z, GUv †`L‡eb,& Avcwb hLb Avcbvi nvZ Zvi nv‡Zi Zvjy‡Z †Quvqv‡eb, ZLb GUv †`Lv hvq| Avcwb hw` wkïi cv‡qi Zjvq Avj‡Zv K‡i nvZ eyjvb, Zvn‡jI Zvi cv‡qi Av½y‡ji †bvqv‡bv A_ev e uvKv‡bv †`L‡Z cv‡eb|

wkïi Rb¥ ‡iwRw÷ª ev wbeÜxKiY ¯‹Uj¨v‡Û, Avcbv‡K Aek¨B wZb mßv‡ni †fZ‡i Avcbvi wkïi Rb¥ †iwRw÷ª Kiv‡Z n‡e| nmwcUvj A_ev wgWIqvBd, wkïi R‡b¥i 36 N›Uvi †fZ‡i Zv ¯’vbxq PvBì †nj_& BDwbU‡K AewnZ K‡ib, hv cvjvµ‡g †iwR÷vi Ae ev_© Ges Avcbvi †nj_& wfwRUi‡K AewnZ K‡i _v‡K| Avcwb hw` GB mg‡qi g‡a¨ wkïi Rb¥ ‡iwRw÷ª bv K‡ib Z‡e Avcbv‡K GKwU wigvBÛvi ev ZvMv`vcÎ †cÖiY Kiv n‡e| Avcwb hw` wkïi wcZviv mv‡_ weevwnZ nb, Z‡e Avcbv‡ì †h †KD wkï‡K ‡iwRw÷ª Ki‡Z cv‡ib| Avcwb hw` weevwnZv bv nb, Ges wkïi wcZvi bvg mvwU©wd‡K‡U Pvb, Z‡e Avcbv‡ì `y ÕR‡bi GK‡Î ‡iwR÷vi Ae ev‡_©i Kv‡Q hvIqvi cÖ‡qvRb n‡e|

89

evmvq hvIqv cÖ_g evi hviv gv n‡q‡Qb, AwaKvsk †¶‡ÎB nvmcvZv‡j Zviv GK A_ev `yB ivÎ Ae¯’vb K‡ib| Avcbvi hw` wmRvwiqvb †mKkb nq A_ev Avcbvi A_ev Avcbvi wkï hw` AwZwi³ cwiPh©¨vi cÖ‡qvRb nq, Z‡e Avcbv‡K †ekx mgq Ae¯’vb Ki‡Z n‡e| wØZxq Ges cieZ©x wkï‡ì †¶‡Î, mewKQy hw` wVK _v‡K, Z‡e cÖvq †¶‡ÎB Avcwb K‡qK N›Uvi †fZ‡i A_ev c‡ii w`b evmvq P‡j †h‡Z cv‡ib| evmvq hZUv †ekx m¤¢e mnvqZv cvIqv hvq Zvi eë¯’v Ki“b|

Kvi †mBdwU ev Mvox‡Z wbivcËvi welqwU g‡b ivLyb nvmcvZvj †_‡K evmvq hvIqv mn cÖwZwU åg‡Y Avcbvi h‡_vchy³ PvBì wi‡÷ªB›U ev wkï‡ì emv wbqš ¿YKvix wmU eënvi Kiv DwPZ| Avcbvi wkï‡K †Kv‡j A_ev Avcbvi nv‡Z wb‡q emv wec¾bK|

Mvoxi mvg‡bi A_ev †cQ‡bi mx‡U, we‡kl ai‡Yi †ewe wmU eënvi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| eo‡ì eënv‡ii wmU‡eë Øviv GwU Aek¨B AvUwK‡q w`‡Z n‡e| †h wmU‡eë¸‡jv ïay †Kv‡ji Ici w`‡q jvMv‡bv hvq, Avcwb †m ai‡Yi wmU‡eë ‡ewe wm‡Ui Rb¨ eënvi Ki‡Z cvi‡eb bv|

Avcbvi c¨v‡mÄvi mvBW ev Av‡ivnx‡ì w`‡Ki wm‡U hw` Gqvie¨vM jvM v‡bv _v‡K, Z‡e Avcbvi wkï‡K Aek¨B †cQ‡b ewm‡q ågY Kiv‡Z n‡e|

wmU wKfv‡e jvMv‡Z Ges L yj‡Z nq, Avcbvi wkïi mv‡_ eënvi Kivi c~‡e©B Zv wk‡ L wbb| †Kvb †Kvb nvmcvZv‡j †ewe wmU fvov cvIqv hvq| wKQy wKQy U¨vw· mvwf©mI †ewe wmU cÖ`vb K‡i _v‡K Ñ Avcwb Ges Avcbvi w kï hw` GKwU U¨vw· eënvi K‡ib, Ges Avcbvi hw` wb‡Ri †ewe wmU bv _v‡K, Z‡e GB we‡kl mvwf©mwUi Rb¨ Aby‡iva Ki“b| (G QvovI 131 bs c„ôv †`L yb)|

wbivcËvi ¯^v‡_©, hvbevnb Pjv Ae¯’vq, hvbevn‡b Ae¯’vbKvix cÖ‡Z¨K‡K Aek¨B me mgq wmU †eë A_ev PvBì wmU eënvi Kiv DwPZ|

† ` L v ‡ k v b v

KL‡bv Avcbvi wmU‡eë Avcbvi Ges Avcbvi wkïi Ici GKmv‡_ †cuwP‡q ivL‡eb bv|

90

AwaKvsk gwnjviB evmvq hvIqvi wel‡q wgkª Abyf~wZ n‡q _v‡K: ¯^w¯ — Ges D”Qv‡mi mv‡_ wgwkªZ GKai‡bi mœvqyPvc| hwÌ Avcbvi nvmcvZvj Z¨vM Kivi c~‡e©, wgWIqvBd Avcbv‡K wkïi †`Lv‡kvbv, LvIqv‡bv Ges wbivcËvi g~j welq¸‡jv Avcbv‡K wkwL‡q _vK‡eb| Avcbvi wkï Kgc‡¶ 10 w`b bv nIqv ch©š —, Avcwb Ges Avcbvi wkï my¯’ i‡q‡Qb, Zv wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ KwgDwbwU wgWIqvBd Avcbvi evmvq Avcbv‡K †`L‡Z hvIqv Pvwj‡q hv‡eb| (106 bs c„ôv †`L yb)| Avcbvi wkï hw` L ye †QvU A_ev wcÖ-g¨vwPDi ev AcwiYZ n‡q _v‡K, Z‡e Avcbvi nq‡Zv GKwU mgq ch©š — nmwcUvj ‡cwWqvwUªwkqv‡bi mv‡_ ms‡hvM eRvq ivL‡Z n‡Z cv‡i, GUv nq Avcbvi mv‡_ mivmwi A_ev GKRb KwgDwbwU wbIb¨vUvj bv‡m©i mv‡_ K‡i n‡Z cv‡i|

‡mKkb wZb: Avcwb Ges Avcbvi beRvZ wkï

Avcbvi hv Rvbvi cÖ‡qvRb ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bv ey‡Ki `ya Avcbvi wkïi Rb¨ me‡P‡q fv‡jv Lvevi Ges cvbxq| GUv memgqB ¸bMZ gv‡b AZ¨š — DuPz Ges wkïi R‡b¥i cÖ_g Pvi †_‡K Qq gvm GwU wkïi cÖ‡qvRb¸‡jvi mv‡_ PgrKvifv‡e Lvc _vB‡q †bq| ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bvwU cÖvK…wZK, wKš‘ GwU Ggb GKwU welq hv gv Ges wkï Df‡qiB wkL‡Z n‡Z cv‡i| GwU Avcbv‡K Ges Av‡kcv‡ki, Avcbvi cQ‡›ì hviv hviv Avcbv‡K mnvqZv Ki‡Qb, Zv‡ì Av¯’vkxj n‡Z mvnvh¨ Ki‡e| GKwU fv‡jv ïi“ Avcbvi wkïi Rb¥ nevi ci ci wgWIqvBd Zv‡K gy‡Q fv‡jvfv‡e ïwK‡q w`‡eb Ges Zvici Avcwb Zv‡K Avcbvi Pvgovi mv‡_ Nwbôfv‡e ms‡hvM K‡i Rwo‡q ai‡Z cv‡ib| wkï Avcbvi ü`K¤ú‡bi kã †kvbv Dc‡fvM Ki‡e Ges Avcbvi M‡Üi mv‡_ cwiwPZ n‡Z ïi“ Ki‡e| Avcbvi cv‡k Zv‡K Rwo‡q ai‡j †mUv Avcbvi ni‡gvb‡K DÏxß Ki‡e Ges †m hLb wRnŸv †Vuv‡Ui evB‡i Avbv †bqv Ki‡e, ZLb Avcwb Zv‡K ey‡Ki ya LvIqv‡bvi Rb¨ DrmvwnZ Ki‡Z cv‡ib| wKQy wKQy wkï‡K hw` Zv‡ì gv‡ì Pvgovi mv‡_, Zv‡ì Pvgovi ms‡hv‡M GKUvbv †i‡L †`qv nq,Z‡e Zviv —‡bi w`‡K nvg¸wo w`‡q AvMv‡Z _v‡K Ges wb‡R‡ì‡K —‡bi mv‡_ ms‡hvM K‡i jvwM‡q iv‡L|

Avcwb Ges Avcbvi wkï hLb wkL‡Qb, ZLb G welq¸‡jv nq‡Zv mvnvh¨ Ki‡Z cv‡i: Avcbvi wkïi Ae ’vb:

• Avcbvi wkï‡K ¯ —‡bi mgvb D”PZvq, Avcbvi w`‡K gyL K‡i, Avcbvi mv‡_ Nwbôfv‡e a‡i ivL yb

• Zvi gv_v, K uva Ges kixi GKB jvBb eivei ‡mvRv K‡i ivL yb, hv‡Z K‡i Zv‡K N yi‡Z A_ev Zvi gv_v N yiv‡Z bv nq

• Zvi bv‡Ki dz‡Uv A_ev Dc‡ii †V uvU Avcbvi ¯ —‡bi ‡e uvUvi wVK wecixZ w`‡K ivL yb|

Avcbvi wkï‡K Avcbvi ¯ —‡bi mv‡_ fv‡jvfv‡e ms‡hvM Ki‡Z mvnvh¨ Kiv:

• ‡h fv‡e eY©bv Kiv n‡q‡Q †mfv‡e Zvi bv‡Ki dz‡Uv A_ev Dc‡ii †V uvU Avcbvi ¯ —‡bi ‡e uvUvi wVK wecixZ w`‡K K‡i Zv‡K ivL yb

• Zvi gyL cy‡ivcywi bv †Lvjv ch©š — A‡c¶v Ki“b (Avcbvi Av½yj A_ev ¯ —‡bi †e uvUv w`‡q Zvi bx‡Pi †V uvU eyjvbvi gva¨‡g Avcwb Zv‡K DrmvwnZ Ki‡Z cv‡ib|

• Zvi gyL hLb ‡m cy‡iv L y‡j †dj‡e, ZLb wkï‡K Avcbvi m —‡bi Kv‡Q wb‡q Avmyb| Avcbvi ¯ —‡bi †e uvUv Zvi Dc‡ii †V uvU A_ev bv‡Ki d uy‡Uvi Kv‡Q wb‡q Avmyb, hv‡Z K‡i hLb †m Zv‡K Avcbvi ¯ —‡bi mv‡_ jvMv‡e, Zvi bx‡Pi †V uvUwU Avcbvi ¯ —‡bi †e uvUvi †_‡K hZUv m¤¢e `~‡i _v‡K|

Avcwb hLb Avcbvi wkï‡K Avcbvi ¯ —‡bi Kv‡Q Avb‡eb, ZLb Zvi gv_vwU Aí GKUz ‡cQ‡b K‡i wbb, hv‡Z K‡i Zvi _yZwbwU Avcbvi ¯ —‡bi mv‡_ cÖ_g ms‡hv‡M Av‡m| GB Kvi‡Y Avcbvi wkïi gv_vi †cQb w`K a‡i bv ivLvwU ¸i“Z¡c~Y© KviY GUv Zv‡K mwVKfv‡e h‡_ó cwigv‡Y gyL f‡i Avcbvi ¯ —b wb‡Z evavMÖ¯ — Ki‡e|

Avcbvi wkï fv‡jv Ae¯’v‡b Ges ms‡hv‡M i‡q‡Q, Zvi wPý¸‡jv n‡jv:

• Aí K‡qKwU †m‡KÛ c‡iB Ñ e¨v_vnxbfv‡e LvIqv‡bv

• Zvi †Pvlvi aiY cvëv‡”Q — cÖ_g w`‡Ki †Rviv‡jvfv‡e Pzlv †_‡K †_‡g †_‡K `xN© Ges Mfxifv‡e Pzlv

• Zvi _yZwb Avcbvi ¯ —b‡K ¯úk© Ki‡e

• Avcwb nq‡Zv †`L‡Z cv‡eb ‡h, Zvi Kv‡bi mvg‡bi ‡QvU gvsk‡ckxwU bo‡Q|

91

Avcbvi wkï‡K LvIqv‡bv

GUv wKfv‡e nq wkï hLb Avcbvi ¯ —b Pz‡l Ges †mLvb †_‡K `ya Lvq, ZLb ni‡gvb¸‡jv Avcbvi kixi‡K Av‡iv `ya Drcbœ Kivi Rb¨ ÒAby‡iva K‡iÓ mvov †`q| hZ †ekx `ya LvIqv‡eb, Avcwb Z‡Zv ‡ekx `ya Drcbœ Ki‡eb Ñ GB Rb¨ RgR wkï‡ì gv‡qiv wØ¸Y `ya Drcbœ K‡i _v‡K|G QvovI, djcÖmyfv‡e ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bv n‡j Zv ‘let down’ reflex (Ô†jU WvDbÕ wi‡dj· ’†K DÏxß K‡i _v‡K, hv †fZ‡ii w`‡Ki R‡g _vKv `ya‡K †V‡j ¯ —‡bi bvwj¸‡jv‡Z bvwg‡q wb‡q Av‡m Ges ¯ —‡bi †e uvUvi bj¸‡jv w`‡q †ei K‡i Av‡b| c w i e Z © b m g ~ n c‡i, Avcwb hw` Pvb Z‡e Avcbvi wkï‡K wbw`©ó mgqg‡Zv `ya LvIqv‡bvi Rb¨ DrmvwnZ Ki‡Z cv‡ib| wKš‘ cÖ_g mßvn¸‡jv‡Z, AwaKvsk wkïi †¶‡Î, Nb Nb AwbqwgZfv‡e `ya LvIqv ¯^vfvweK| `xN © mgq a‡i, Nb Nb `ya LvIqv, hw` g‡b nq †h Avcbvi wkï KL‡bvB Z…ß n‡”Q bv, Z‡e Zv Avcbvi Ges Avcbvi wkïi †h mvnv‡hï cÖ‡qvRb Zvi GKwU wPý| †Kvb †Kvb mgq, †QvU †QvU cwieZ©b, †hgb nq‡Zv Avcbvi wkïi Ae¯’vb A_ev ms‡hv‡Mvi ai‡Yi cwieZ©b, mwZ¨Kv‡ii cwieZ©b e‡q wb‡q Avm‡Z cv‡i|

cÖ_g w`b¸‡jv‡Z cwieZ©b Avcbvi `ya, Avcbvi wkïi cÖ‡qvRb¸‡jvi mv‡_ mv½xf~Z n‡q _v‡K| Mf©ve¯’vq Ges Avcbvi wkïi R‡b¥i cÖ_g w`b¸‡jv‡Z Avcwb †h `ya Drcv`b K‡i _v‡Kb Zv colostrum (†Kv‡jv÷ªvg) bv‡g cwiwPZ|. GwU GKwU D”PgvÎvq Nbxf~Z, Lo isÑGi GKwU Zij c`v_©, hv cywó Ges antibodies (A¨vw›UewWR)ÑG ficyi, hv Avcbvi wkïi myi¶v K‡i _v‡K|Avcbvi wkïi GB mgq hv hv cÖ‡qvRb, G‡Z Zvi mewKQyB i‡q‡Q| Avcbvi `ya `yB †_‡K c uvP w`‡bi †fZ‡i ÔG‡m _v‡KÕ|

LvIqv ïi“ Kivi ci Avcbvi wkï cÖ_g †h `yawU cvq Zv n‡jv ‘foremilk’ (†dviwgé)| let-down reflex (†jU WvDb wi‡d¬·) KvR Kivi mv‡_ mv‡_ Avcbvi —b Nb, D”P K¨v‡jvwi hy&³ ‘hindmilk’ (wnÛviwgé) cÖ`vb Kiv ïi“ K‡i|. Avcbvi wkïi eo nIqvi Ges ¯^v¯’ëvb _vKevi Rb¨ GB foremilk (†dviwgé) Ges (wnÛviwgé) Dfq ai‡Yi `yaB cÖ‡qvRb| GB Rb¨ GUv Avcbvi wkïi Ici †Q‡o †`qvB fv‡jv †h KLb Zvi LvIqv cy‡ivcywi m¤úbœ nq Ñ †Kvb GKwU wbw`©ó mgq †g‡b P‡j KL‡bv Avcbvi wkïi LvIqv eÜ Ki‡eb bv|

GK A_ev `yB Ôw`KÕ?

Avcbvi wkï nq‡Zv cÖwZevi LvIqvi mgq GKwU A_ev Dfq —b †_‡KB ya †L‡Z cv‡i| Avcbvi wkï hZ¶Y Pvq, ZZ¶Y Zv‡K ‡mB —b †_‡K †L‡Z w b, Gi ci Zv‡K AbwU w b| wkï nq‡Zv Aci —bwU wb‡ZI cv‡i, bvI wb‡Z cv‡i| c‡ii evi LvIqv‡b vi mgq Zv‡K wØZxqwU A_ev †h —bwU †_‡K †m Lvqwb, †mwU w b|

92

cÖ‡kœi Reve

cÖt ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bvi mgq wK we‡kl †Kvb ai‡bi Lvevi ev cvbxq LvIqvi cÖ‡qvRb i‡q‡Q?

Dt bv| mylg Lvevi Lvb Ges Avcbvi Z …òv Abyhvqx cvwb cvb Ki“b| Avcwb nq‡Zv mvaviY mg‡qi PvB‡Z †ekx Z …òvZ© n‡eb, we‡kl K‡i cÖ_g w`‡K, wKš‘y Avcwb †h cwigv‡Y cvb Ki‡Z Pvb, Zvi PvB‡Z †ekx cvb Ki‡Z wb‡R‡K eva¨ Ki‡eb bv| wKQy wKQy gwnjvi GUvI g‡b n‡q _v‡K †h, Zviv GKUz †ekx ¶zavZ©| †Kvb ai‡Yi Lvevi Avcbvi wkïi Ici cÖwZwµqv Ki‡Q, GUv wbwðZ bv nIqv ch©š — †Kvb Lvevi cwinvi Ki‡eb bv| wbw`©ó †Kvb ai‡Yi Lvev‡i, Ab¨ †Kvb Lvev‡i i PvB‡Z †ekx Kvh©KvwiZvi †Kvb cÖgvY cvIqv hvq wb| Avcwb hw` g‡b K‡ib †h Avcwb Ggb wKQy Lv‡”Qb, hv‡Z Avcbvi wkïi Ici cÖwZwµqv n‡”Q, Z‡e Avcbvi wgWIqvBd A_ev †nj_ & wfwRUi A_ev †eª÷wdwWs KvDwÝj‡ii mv‡_ K_v ejyb|

ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡”Qb G iKg gv‡q‡ì Rb¨, †Kvb †Kvb Jla cwinvi KivB me‡P‡q fv‡jv| Avcbvi Wv³vi A_ev †Ww›U÷ hw` Avcbv‡K †Kvb Jla ‡`b, Z‡e Zv‡K ejyb †h Avcwb ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡”Qb| ÔIfvi-w`-KvD›UviÕ ev dv‡g©mx‡Z PvB‡j cvIqv hvq, G ai‡Yi Jla †Kbvi mgq dvg©vwm÷‡K ejyb †h, Avcwb ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡”Qb Ges Jl‡ai †gvoK c‡o wbb|

¯^í cwigv‡Y A¨vj‡Kvnj ¶wZKi e‡j aiv nq bv, wKš‘ †mUv nRg Ki‡Z Avcbvi wjfvi ev hK…‡Zi PvB‡Z Avcbvi wkïi wjfv‡ii A‡bK †ekx mgq jvM‡e|

Avcwb A_ev Avcbvi Nwbô †Kvb AvZ¥xq hw` eczema (GKwRgv), hayfever (†nwdfvi) Ges A¨vRgvq fy‡M _v‡Kb, Z‡e wcbvUm& ev Pxbvev`g Ges Pxbvev`vg i‡q‡Q G ai‡Yi Lvevi cwinvi Ki“b|

ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bv n‡j, Zv A‡bK ai‡bi msµgY Ges Ae¯’vi wei“‡× cÖwZ‡iva ˆZix Kivi gva¨‡g, Avcbvi wkïi myi¶v K‡i _v‡K| M‡elYv †`Lv †M‡Q †h, †h mKj wkï ey‡Ki `ya †L‡q _v‡K, Zv‡ì bx‡Pi Amy¯’Zv¸‡jvi Su ywK Kg _v‡K: • gastro-enteritis — vomiting

and diarrhoea (M¨v‡÷ªv-G›UvivBwUm Ñ fwgwUs Ges Wvqvwiqv ev ewg Ges cvZjv cvqLvbv)

• Kv‡bi msµgY

• k ¦vm †bqvi mgq m uvB m uvB kã/asthma (A¨vRgv)

• eczema (GKwRgv), ‡h mKj †¶‡Î GUv cwiev‡ii Ab¨‡ì i‡q‡Q

• ‡QvU‡ejvq Wvqv‡ewU‡mi j¶Y¸‡jvi cÖKvk

• ‡ckv‡ei msµgY

• ey‡Ki msµgY|

wcª-Uvg© ev AwciYZ wkï, hviv m¤¢ve¨ wKQy wec¾bK Ae¯’vi Øviv msµwgZ nevi m¤¢vebvhy³ (‡hgb wbDb¨vUvj †b‡µvUvBwRs Gb‡U‡iv‡KvjvBwmm), Zv‡ì †¶‡Î ey‡Ki `y‡ai GKwU we‡kl g~j¨ i‡q‡Q| G QvovI ey‡Ki `ya wcÖ-Uvg© wkï‡ì gw¯ —‡®‹i fv‡jvfv‡e weKvk wbwðZ K‡i|

‡h mKj gv‡qiv ey‡Ki `ya LvIqvb, Zv‡ì bx‡Pi Ae¯’v¸‡jvi S zuwK Kg i‡q‡Q: • ovarian cancer (Ifvwiqvb K¨vÝvi)

• pre-menopausal breast cancer (wcÖ-‡g‡bvcRvj †eª÷ K vbmvi)

ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bv hLb fv‡jvfv‡e Pj‡Z _v‡K, ZLb GUv AZ¨š — Dc‡fvM¨ GKwU welq, Ges gv I wkï DfqB G‡Z

`vi“Y Z …wß jvf K‡i _v‡Kb|

93

Ôey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bvi wel‡q Avwg KL‡bvB Lye †ekx AvMÖnx wQjvg bv| Avgvi memgqB g‡b n‡Zv Ab¨vb¨ †jvKR‡bi mvg‡b LvIqv‡Z Avgvi Kv‡Q A¯^w¯ —Ki jvM‡e Ñ Avgvi g‡b n‡Zv Avwg AcÖ¯‘Z †eva Ki‡ev| Avwg wK cwigvb `ya Drcbœ Ki‡Z cvi‡ev, Avgvi †mB m¶gZvi IciI h‡_ó AvZ ¥wek ¦vm wQj bv| Gi ci Avwg ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bvi myweav¸‡jvi K_v wPš —v Kwi Ges cÖwZÁv Kwi †h, Aš —Z `yB mßv‡ni Rb¨ Avwg GUv Ki‡ev|

‘ÔcÖ_g K‡qKw`b wQj KóKi, Ges Avwg Aí K‡qK †duvUv †Pv‡Li cvwbI †d‡jwQjvg| Avgvi Lye e¨v_v n‡Zv Ges ¯ —‡bi †euvUv †d‡U wM‡qwQj|wKš‘ Zv fv‡jv n‡Z _v‡K Ges Avgvi wgWIqvBd Avgv‡K `ya LvIqv‡bv Pvwj‡q †h‡Z Ges wkï‡K wKfv‡e ey‡Ki mv‡_ jvwM‡q ivL‡Z n‡e, hv‡Z K‡i Avgvi ¯ —‡bi †euvUvi Dckg nq, †m wel‡q A‡bK mvnvh¨ K‡ib|Avwg Ggb GKUv Dcv‡q Zv‡K LvIqv‡bvi Af¨vm Ki‡Z _vwK, hv‡Z K‡i †KD †`L‡Z bv cvq †h Avwg wK KiwQ Ñ Avwg wU-kvU© Ges Uc civ ïi“ Kwi, hv Dc‡ii w`‡K Zz‡j aiv hvq, Ges †`L‡Z †cjvg †h wkï Ges Kvco, Avgvi ¯ —‡bi ` „k¨‡K Avovj Ki‡Q|

ÔZvi GLb Pvi gvm Ges Avwg GL‡bv GU vPvwj‡q hvw”Q| GUv GLb mnR Ges Avwg wPš —v Ki‡Z _vwK †h, †evZj †÷wijvBR ev RxevY~gy³ Kiv Ges Lvevi ˆZix Kivi g‡Zv KZ¸‡jv KvR Avwg euvwP‡qwQ|

cieZ©x mgq¸‡jv‡Z ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bv gv‡qiv cÖvqB e‡j _v‡Kb †h, cÖ_g K‡qK mßvn ci, ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bv mnR n‡Z _v‡K| GUv hLb fv‡jvfv‡e Pj‡Z _v‡K, ZLb Avcwb Gi myweav¸‡jv Abyaveb Ki‡Z cv‡ib| Avcwb hw` Ab¨ Kv‡iv mvg‡b ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡Z A¯^w¯ — †eva K‡i _v‡Kb, Avcbvi AvZ¥wek ¦vm Rb¥vevi mv‡_ mv‡_, †mB A¯^w¯ —I `~i n‡Z _v‡K| Avcbvi wkï ZvovZvwo ey‡Ki mv‡_ †j‡M hvq, LvIqv‡Z Kg mgq jv‡M, Ges Avcbvi wkï cÖvqB Kg evi Lvq| LvIqv‡bvi mgq¸‡jvi g‡a¨, Avcbvi cÖ‡qvRb n‡j Avcwb wkïi KvQ †_‡K wKQy mg‡q Rb¨ m‡i _vK‡Z cv‡ib|

mg‡qi mv‡_ mv‡_, LvIqv‡bvi ga¨Lv‡b `ya Drcbœ n‡q Zv Rgv bv n‡q †_‡K, eis Avcbvi wkï †h mgq¸‡jv‡Z Pzl‡Z _v‡K, †mB mgq¸‡jv‡Z `ya Drcbœ n‡Z _v‡K| Avcwb hw` Avcbvi ¯ —b Av‡Mi †P‡q big, Ges ÔLvwjÕ †eva K‡ib, Z‡e nq‡Zv Gi A_© n‡jv Avcbvi mieivn Avcbvi wkïi cÖ‡qvRb Abyhvqx n‡”Q| Avcwb Avcbvi wkï‡K hZ¶Y mgq a‡i Pvb, `ya LvB‡q †h‡Z cv‡ib, Avcbvi `y‡ai mieivn Pj‡ZB _vK‡e| w`‡b GKevi ev Zvi †P‡q Kg evi ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bv, UWjvi ev m‡e n uvU‡Z ‡kLv wkïiv nq‡Zv GUzKyB cÖ‡qvRb †a‡K _v‡K, ‡mUv Avcbvi mieivn eRvq ivLvi Rb¨ h‡_ó n‡Z cv‡i|

e y ‡ K i ` y a L v I q v ‡ b v

94

ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bv hLb fv‡jvfv‡e AvMvq bv wKQy wKQy gwnjv ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bvi mgq Kó †c‡q _v‡Kb, we‡kl K‡i wkïi R‡b¥i cÖ_g w`b¸‡jv‡Z| wKš‘ cÖvq mKj Kómva¨Zv¸‡jvi mgvavb Kiv hvq| wkï‡K hw` mwVKfv‡e ms‡hvM Ges Ae¯’v‡b ivLv nq, Ges hLb †m ‡L‡Z Pvq ZLb hw` Zv‡K LvIqv‡bv nq, Z‡e AwaKvsk Kómva¨ZvB Gov‡bv hvq|

¯ —‡bi †euvUvq e¨v_v cÖvq mKj †¶‡ÎB Î“wUc~Y© Ae¯’vb Ges ms‡hv‡Mi Kvi‡Y N‡U _v‡K| cix¶v K‡i ‡`L yb, Ges hw` cÖ‡qvRb nq, Z‡e wkï †hfv‡e ey‡Ki `ya Lv‡”Q, Ges wkïi Ae¯’vb Ges mshy³ nIqv wVK K‡i wbb| †Kvb †Kvb mgq e¨v_v ev R¡jybx ¯ —‡bi †e uvUvq thrush (_ªvk ev QÎv‡Ki msµgbRwbZ mv`v mv`v †Qvc)ÑGi Kvi‡Y n‡q _v‡K| Gi Rb¨ Avcwb Ges Avcbvi wkï Df‡qi Wv³v‡ii wPwKrmvi cÖ‡qvRb|

AvU‡K hvIqv ducts (Wv±m) Ges mastitis (gv÷vBwUm ev ¯ —bMÖwš’i ùxwZ Ges cÖ`vn): GwU ¯ —‡bi GKwU Ask w`‡q hLb `ya †ewi‡q Avm‡Z cv‡i bv, ZLb NU‡Z cv‡i| Gi A_© n‡jv `y‡ai secretion (†mwµkb ev wbM©gb) †_‡K Ges storage tissue (the alveoli)(†÷v‡iR wUmy¨ (Avjwf‡qvwj)) †_‡K `ya msM„wnZ nq| AvU‡K hvIqv duct (Wv±) wkï‡K Kvh©Kixfv‡e ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bvi gva¨‡g cwi®‹vi n‡q †h‡Z cv‡i| Duct (Wv±) hw` cwi®‹vi bv n‡Z cv‡i Z‡e mastitis (gv÷vBwUm) †`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i| Mastitis (gv÷vBwUm), msµgY mn A_ev msµgY QvovB ¯ —‡bi GK ai‡Yi cÖ`vn| Gi j¶Y¸‡jv n‡jv, jv¤ú ev gvs‡mi `jv evav, †iW c¨vP ev jvj †Qvc, LvIqv‡bvi mgq e¨v_v Ges m¤¢ve¨‡¶‡Î Avcbvi †fZ‡i d¬zi b¨vq R¡i R¡i Ae¯’v| LvIqv‡bv Pvwj‡q hvb, wKš‘y GKRb †eª÷wdwWs KvDwÝji, †nj_& wfwRUi A_ev wgWIqvB‡di KvQ †_‡K civgk© wbb|L ye Kg †¶‡ÎB Wv³vi Avcbv‡K antibiotics (A¨vw›Uev‡qvwUKm&) w`‡q _vK‡eb, hw` †mLv‡b †Kvb msµgY †`Lv w`‡q _v‡K Z‡e|

ch©vß cwigvY `y‡ai Afve: Avcwb hw` g‡b K‡ib Avcbvi ch©vß `ya †bB, Z‡e cÖ_g †h wRwbmwU cix¶v Ki‡eb Zv n‡jv wkïi Ae¯’vb Ges ms‡hvM (91 bs c„ôv †`L yb)| wkïi Ae¯’vb Ges ms‡hvM hw`

wVK n‡q _v‡K, Z‡e K‡qKevi LvIqv‡jB Zv Avcbvi mieivn e„w× Ki‡e| wkï hZ¶Y PvB‡e,ZZ¶Y a‡i wkï‡K LvIqv‡Z _vKzb| g‡b ivL‡eb, cÖvq mKj gwnjvB Zvi wkïi Rb¨ ch©vß cwigvY `ya Drcv`b Ki‡Z m¶g| Avcbvi wkï‡K †evZ‡j K‡i cvwb, digyjv A_ev Ab¨ wKQy w`‡j, Zv mdjfv‡e ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bv cÖwZwôZ Kivi my‡hvM Kwg‡q Avb‡e| †evZjRvZ Lvevi w`‡q hw` Avcbvi wkïi †cU f‡i hvq, Z‡e †m ¯ —‡b Kg mgq AwZevwnZ Ki‡e, hvi d‡j Avcbvi `ya Drcv`‡bi cwigvY Kwg‡q Avb‡e|

Avcbvi wkï‡K †h fv‡jvfv‡e LvIqv‡bv n‡”Q Zv Avcbvi wb‡R‡K wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ 96 bs c„ôv †`L yb| mviv ¯‹Uj¨vÛ Ry‡o, mv‡cvU© MÖ“ç‡jvi gva¨‡g, ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bvi wel‡q mvnvh¨, eÜzZ¡ Ges mnvqZv cvIqv †h‡q _v‡K| A_ev ey‡Ki `ya LvB‡q _v‡Kb, G ai‡Yi gv‡q‡ì KvD‡Ýwjs ev civgk© w`‡q _v‡K, G ai‡Yi GKwU msMV‡bi mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM Ki“b| G wel‡q Z‡_ï Rb¨ 151 bs c „ôv †`Lyb|

95

wkïi IRb e„w×i wel‡q GKwU K_v Avcwb hLb Avcbvi wkï hZevi Ges hZ¶Y mgq a‡i PvB‡e ZZ evi Ges ZZ mgq a‡i Zv‡K LvB‡q _v‡Kb, ZeyI Avcwb †`L‡Z cv‡ib bv †h ‡m KZUzKz ey‡Ki `ya Lv‡”Q| wkïi e„w× cvIqvi, Avcbvi Kv‡Q GKwU gvÎ ÔcÖgvYÕ n‡jv, †MÖv_ PvU© ev wkïi e„w×jv‡fi ZvwjKvq I‡qU †MBb ev IRb e„w×i w`‡K j¶¨ Kiv| G‡Z hw` †`Lv hvq †h Avcbvi wkïi hZUv IRb jvf Kiv DwPZ, †m Zvi †P‡q Kg IRb jvf Ki‡Q, Z‡e GUv Avcbvi Rb¨ wPš —vi welq n‡Z cv‡i| wKš‘ g‡b ivL yb, I‡qU PvU©¸‡jv fyjI n‡Z cv‡i, KviY G¸‡jv †evZjRvZ Lvevi LvIqv‡bv wkï‡ì Ici M‡elYv K‡i ˆZix Kiv n‡q‡Q, Ges G QvovI GwU nq‡Zv mKj ms¯‹„wZi Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨ bvI n‡Z cv‡i|

Avcwb wKfv‡e Rvb‡eb †h Avcbvi wkï‡K fv‡jvfv‡e LvIqv‡bv n‡”Q?

I R b e „ w ×

IRb n‡jv wkïi weKv‡ki GKwU gvÎ wbY©vqK| G QvovI Ab¨ Av‡iv i‡q‡Q| D`vniY¯îƒc, GKwU m‡PZb, ¯^v¯’ëvb wkï, hv‡K cÖvqmgqB LvIqv‡bvi ci Z…ß Ges mš‘ó g‡b nq, †h mvaviYfv‡e †Kvb iKg Sv‡gjv QvovB ¯ —‡bi mv‡_ mshy³ n‡q †h‡Z cv‡i, ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bv ‡h fv‡jvfv‡e AvMv‡”Q, G¸‡jv Avcbv‡K †mB j¶Y¸‡jv cÖ`vb K‡i|

¯^v¯’ëvb, fv‡jvfv‡e cyó ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv wkïiv:

• AwaKvsk LvIqv‡bvi mgqB †Kvb iKg Sv‡gjv QvovB ¯ —‡bi mv‡_ mshy³ n‡q †h‡Z cv‡i

• w`‡b 5-6 evi b¨vwc wfwR‡q _v‡K

• R‡b¥i cÖ_g w`b¸‡jvi ci, big Ges njy` gj Z¨vM K‡i _v‡K| gv‡S gv‡S meyR isÑGi gj Z¨vM Kiv ¸i“Z¡c~Y© †Kvb welq bq| AwaKvsk ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv wkï cÖ_‡g w`‡b K‡qKevi gj Z¨vM K‡i _v‡K, Gi ci K‡qK mßvn ci Zv‡ì bowel movement (e‡qj gyf‡g›U ev cvqLvbv wbM©gb cÖwµqv)ÑGi Rb¨ K‡qKw`b jvM‡Z cv‡i, hwÌ Nb Nb gj Z¨vM KivI ¯^vfvweK| (†h fv‡e Avcbvi wkïi gj ev cvqLvbvi cwieZ©b N‡U _v‡K, †m wel‡q Avcwb 112 bs c„ôvq Av‡iv Z_¨ †c‡q _vK‡eb)|

• ‡h fv‡e weKvk jvf Kiv DwPZ, †m

fv‡e weKvk jvf Ki‡Q (‡hgb, Qq mßv‡ni gv_vq nvm‡Q)|

‡R‡b wbb: Avcbvi wkï‡K cÖwZeviB †Kvb Kvco A_ev b¨vwc civ‡bv Qvov IRb Ki“b|

Avcbvi wkï hLb Avcbvi —‡b _v‡K, ZLb Zvi Pzlv Ges wMjvi aiY j¶¨ Ki“b| LvIqv ïi“ Kivi cÖ_g w ‡K †m nq‡Zv ª“Z Pzl‡Z cv‡i, Gi ci †m nq‡Zv Q‡› i mv‡_, Mfxifv‡e Pzlv Pvwj‡q †h‡Z cv‡i| †m nq‡Zv †Kvb †Kvb mgq _vg‡Z cv‡i, Ges Avevi ïi“ Ki‡Z cv‡i| GKwU mgq ci †m nq‡Zv —b †Q‡o P‡j Avm‡Z cv‡i, †cU fiv Ae ’vq Ges Zv‡K ZLb †`L‡Z jvM‡e ‘zonked’ (RvsKW& ev w`‡knviv)!

96

cÖ‡kœi Reve

cÖt ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bvi mv‡_ mv‡_ †evZ‡j K‡i LvIqv‡bv m¤¢e?

Dt GUv mwZ¨ †h, wKQy wKQy gv GwU K‡i _v‡Kb Ñ wKš‘ Av‡M Av‡M †evZj †`qv n‡j, Zv mdj ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bvi Af¨vm cÖwZw ôZ Kivi †¶‡Î weNœ m „wó K‡i, Ges ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bvi wel‡q A‡bK we‡kl‡Ái AwfÁZv †_‡K cÖvß aviYv n‡jv †h, hZ †ìx K‡i Avcwb ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bvi mv‡_ †evZ‡ji wgkªY NUv‡eb, ZZ fv‡jv|

hvB‡nvK, GKevi ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bvi Af¨vm cÖwZwôZ n‡q hvIqvi ci Ñ †hgb ai“b, Qq ev mvZ mßvn ci, wKQy wKQy gv‡qiv †`L‡Z †c‡q‡Qb †h, gv‡S gv‡S †evZ‡j K‡i Lvevi w`‡j Zv Zv‡ì mieiv‡ni †¶‡Î `xN©‡gqv`x †Kvb cv_©K¨ e‡q Av‡b bv| †h mKj gv‡qiv KvR K‡i _v‡Kb, Zviv †` L‡Z †c‡q‡Qb †h, mßv‡ni Kv‡Ri w`b¸‡jv‡Z Zvi w`‡b `yBevi ey‡Ki `ya LvB‡q _v‡Kb, Ges mßvn †k‡li QywUi w`b¸‡jv‡Z Zviv ïay ey‡Ki `ya LvB‡q _v‡Kb, Ges Zv‡ì kixi GB wfbœ wfbœ Pvwn`vi mv‡_ Lvc LvB‡q †d‡j| wKQy wKQy wkïiv Zv‡ì gv‡q‡ì KvQ †_‡K †evZ‡ji Lvevi wb‡Z Pvq bv, wKš‘ GwU Ab¨ †KD w`‡j Zviv Zv †g‡b †bq|

cÖt GKwU mgq ch©š — †evZ‡j LvIqv‡bvi ci Avwg wK ey‡Ki

`ya LvIqv‡bv ïi“ Ki‡Z cvwi?

Dt nu v, wKš‘ Avcwb GUv hZ ZvovZvwo cwieZ©b Ki‡eb ZZ fv‡jv| cÖ_g w b ‡jv‡Z, Avcbvi wkï Avcbvi —‡bi Kv‡Q G‡Kev‡iB AvmyK ev bv AvmyK, Avcwb ya Drcv b K‡i _v‡Kb| mieivn hw wkïi Pzlvi Øviv DÏxß bv nq, Z‡e ya P‡j hvq, wKš‘ GUv hLb Avev‡iv DÏxß nq ZLb Zv wd‡i Av‡m| GwU relactation (wijvK‡Ukb ev cybivq ya nIqv) bv‡g cwiwPZ| kvwiixKfv‡e relactate (wijvK‡UU) nIqv m¤¢e, wKš‘ Gi Rb Avcbvi GKwU mn‡hvwMZvKvix wkïi cÖ‡qvRb, †h Pzlevi Rb Zix i‡q‡Q, GgbwK hL‡b †mLv‡b y‡ai cwigvY Kg i‡q‡Q, ZLbI|

GB ai‡Yi cwiw¯’wZ‡Z Avcbv‡K mvn vh¨ Kivi Rb¨ wKQy we‡kl ai‡Yi ‡eª÷wdwWs GBWm& ev ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bvi mnvqZvKvix wRwbm i‡q‡Q, hv Avcbvi ¯ —‡bi †e uvUvi mv‡_ mshy³ GKwU b‡ji gva¨‡g digyjv wg‡ éi mieivn cÖ`vb K‡i, hv‡Z K‡i Avcbvi wkï †h Pzl‡Q, †m Zvi djjvf K‡i| †eª÷wdwWs KvDwÝji, wgWIqvBd Ges †nj_& wfwRUiMY Avcbv‡K G wel‡q Av‡iv Z_¨ cÖ`vb Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

KvR Kiv Ges ey‡Ki ya LvIqv‡bv

AwaKvsk gv Zv‡ì Kv‡R wd‡i hvIqvi ciI ey‡Ki ya LvIqv‡bvi mvwbœa¨wU Dc‡fvM K‡i †h‡Z _v‡Kb, Ges ey‡Ki ya LvIqv‡bvi kvwiixK myweav¸‡jv, GUv m¤¢eci Kiv wbwðZ

Kivi Rb¨ AwZwi³ wKQy eë ’v MÖnY Kivi Rb¨ djcÖ` (93 bs c„ôv †`Lyb)| Avcbvi ya express (G·‡cÖm ev ‡ei Ki) Kiv Ges Zv ‡Kvb RvqMvq ivLevi mywea cÖ`vb Kivi gva¨‡g, Ges Avcbvi ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bv‡Z ‡iva Ki‡Z cv‡i, Ggbfv‡e Kv‡Ri A_ev hvZvqv‡Zi mgq e„w× cwinvi Kivi wel‡q Avcbvi G‡¤ú vqvi ev wb‡qvMKZ©vi nq‡Zv GKwU `vwqZ¡ i‡q‡Q| G wel‡q Avcbvi Ges Avcbvi G‡¤úvqv‡ii Rb Maternity Alliance (gvUviwbwU Avjv‡qÝ)ÑGi Kv‡Q Z_ i‡q‡Q| Avcbvi cÖavb cÖavb Ackb ev †e‡Q †bqvi welq ‡jv n‡jv:

• Avcbvi wkïi Rb¨ Expressed breast milk(G·‡cÖm&W †ewe wgé ev †ei K‡i Avbv ey‡Ki ya) (EBM (BweGg) — c‡ii c„ôvq †`Lyb) ‡i‡L w`b| Lmov GKwU wb‡ ©kbv Abyhvqx, wZb gv‡mi Kg eqmx GKwU wkï cÖwZevi LvIqvi mgq 100-120 wgwjwjUvi, Ges wZb gv‡mi AwaK eq¯‹ GKwU wkï cÖwZevi LvIqvi mgq 150-200 wgwjwjUvi (5-7 d¬zBW AvDÝ) Expressed breast milk(G·‡cÖm&W †ewe wgé ev †ei K‡i Avbv ey‡Ki ya) †L‡q _vK‡e| wKš‘ GwU AZ¨š— mvaviY| GwU K‡qKevi Kivi ci, Avcbvi wkïi wK cwigvY cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i, Zv Rvbvi wel‡q Avcwb `¶ n‡q hv‡eb|

• Avcbviv hLb GKmv‡_ _vK‡eb, ZLb ev”Pv‡K †eª÷wdW ev ey‡Ki ya LvIqvb, Ges hLb Avjv`v _vK‡eb ZLb Zv‡K digyjv w`b| cÖ_g cÖ_g, Avcbvi ¯v”Q›`¨ eRvq ivLvi Rb¨ Avcbv‡K nq‡Zv Kv‡R G·‡cÖm ya ‡ei Ki‡Z n‡e, wKš‘ kxNÖB Avcbvi kixi Gi mv‡_ gvwb‡q †b‡e| Avcwb GgbwK, mßvn †k‡li QywUi w`b¸‡jv‡Z wkï‡K cy‡ivcywi †eª÷wdW ev ey‡Ki ya LvIqv‡Z cv‡ib|

• cuvP †_‡K Qq gvm eqm †_‡K wkïiv GKwU Kv‡c K‡i EBM (BweGg) A_ev digyjv †L‡Z cv‡i (GBfv‡e, Zv‡ì‡K ‡evZ‡j K‡i LvIqv‡bvi Af¨vm Kivi cÖ‡qvRb †bB)|

Breastfeeding and Returning to Work (†eª÷wdW GÛ wiUvwb©s Uz IqvK©) bv‡gi GKwU Avjv`v

cyw¯—Kv Avcbvi wgWIqvBd A_ev †nj_ wfwRU‡ii Kv‡Q cvIqv hv‡e 97

Avcbvi ya †ei K‡i Avbv

Gi A_© n‡jv nvZ ev GKwU we‡kl ai‡Yi n¨vÛ cv‡¤úi (‡Kwg÷ A_ev †ewe ‡÷vi¸‡jv‡Z cvIqv hvq) gva¨‡g Avcbvi ¯ —b †_‡K `ya ‡ei K‡i Avbv Ñ Avcbvi wgWIqvBd, ‡nj_ wfwRUi A_ev GKRb †eª÷wdwWs KvDwÝji, Avcbv‡K wK Ki‡Z n‡e Zv e¨L¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| †eª÷wdwWs mv‡cvU© msMVb¸‡jv †_‡K B‡jw±ªK ‡eª÷ fvov Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| nv‡Zi gva¨‡g

• cÖ_‡g, Avcbv‡K Rvb‡Z n‡e †h Avcbvi ¯ —‡bi †Kv_vq `ya msMÖnKvix ducts (Wv±m) i‡q‡Q| MVb‰ewk‡ói cweZ©b †Ui bv cvIqv ch©š, — Avcbvi ¯ —b Abyfe Ki‡Z _vKzb| ducts (Wv±m)¸‡jv cÖvq‡¶‡ÎB areola (AvwiIjv ev ¯ —‡bi †e uvUvi Pvicv‡ki jvj‡P RvqMv)ÑGi wKbv‡i, A_ev Avcbvi ¯ —‡bi †e uvUvi GK BwÂi Pvi fv‡Mi wZbfvM `~i‡Z¡ Ae¯’vb K‡i, wKš‘ GUv wfbœ wfbœ gwnjvi †¶‡Î wfbœ iKg n‡q _v‡K, GB Rb¨ GUv †Kv_vq Ae¯’vb Ki‡Q Zv Lu y‡R †c‡Z Avcbv‡K Avcbvi ¯ —b Abyfe Ki‡Z n‡e| A‡bK gwnjv e‡j _v‡Kb †h, `ya msMÖnKvix ducts (Wv±m)¸‡jv ‡QvU †QvU cÖmvwiZ gUi`vbvi g‡Zv Abyf~Z nq|

• Qwei g‡Zv K‡i, Avcbvi ey‡ov Av½y‡ji mvg‡bi w`K Ges Av½yj¸‡jv `ya msMÖnKvix ducts (Wv±m)¸‡jvi Ici GKs ¯ —‡bi †e uvUvi bx‡P ¯’vcb Ki“b|

• ax‡i ax‡i Avcbvi ¯ —b ey‡Ki wc uRivi w`‡K ‡Vj‡Z _vKzb

• Pvgovi Ici w`‡q hv‡Z bv wcQjvq,

†mfv‡e ax‡i ax‡i Avcbvi ey‡ov Av½yj Ges Av½yj¸‡jv GKmv‡_ Pvc w`b|

• Pvc †`qv †Q‡o w`b, Ges GKwU Q›` M‡o †Zvjvi g‡Zv K‡i cÖwµqvwU evi evi cÖ‡qvM Ki“b (Avcbvi Av½yj Ges ey‡ov Av½yj GKB RvqMvq Ae¯’vb Ki‡e)|

cÖ_‡g †dvUv †dvUv `ya co‡e Ges Gi ci wdbwK w`‡q `ya †ei n‡e| wdbwK¸‡jv hLb Avev‡iv †dvUvq wd‡i hv‡e, ZLb GUv ¸i“Z¡c~Y© †h Avcwb wfbœ GK ¸”Q `ya msMÖnKvix ducts (Wv±m)ÑGi Ici Avcbvi Av½yj w`‡q cÖwµqvwU Avev‡iv Pvjvb, hv‡Z K‡i Avcwb Avcbvi ¯ —‡bi Ab¨b¨ DcwifvM †_‡KI `ya †ei Ki‡Z cv‡ib| Avcwb Avcbvi ¯ —‡bi Pvicv‡k Av½yj¸‡jv N yiv‡bvi gva¨‡gI GUv Ki‡Z cv‡ib|

‡Kvb †Kvb mgq, `ya †ei Kiv ïi“ Kivi c~‡e©, Avcbvi ni‡gvb¸‡jv‡K DÏxß Ki‡Z, ¯ —‡b nvjKv †UvKv ev g¨v‡mR Ki‡j Zv DcKvix nq| A‡bK gwnjvB †`L‡Z †c‡q‡Qb †h, Abykxj‡bi gva¨‡g Zviv, GKB mg‡q `yBwU ¯ —b †_‡K `ya †ei K‡i Avb‡Z cv‡ib|

ey‡Ki `ya memgq GKwU ‡÷wijvBRW& ev RxevY~gy³ cv‡Î †ei Ki“b|

Avcbvi ya gRyZ ivLv me‡P‡q AvcUz‡WU ev nvjbvMv` civgk©wU n‡jv, `ya c uvP w`b ch©š — wd «‡R ivLv ivLv hvq| GQvovI EBM(BweGg) Qqgvm ch©š — †dªv‡Rb ev VvÛvq RgvU e uvwa‡q ivLv hvq| Avcbvi wd «R Ges wd «Rvi cwi®‹vi ivLv Ges Gi ZvcgvÎvi wbf©i‡hvM¨Zv _vKv cÖ‡qvRb| Avcwb evmvq †c uŠQv‡bv bv ch©š — EBM(BweGg) GKwU VvÛv e¨v‡M msi¶Y Ki‡Z cv‡ib Ñ Avcwb hw` Avcbvi Kv‡R `ya †ei K‡i _v‡Kb Ges †mLv‡b hw` Avcbvi eënvi Kivi g‡Zv GKwU wd «R bv _v‡K, Z‡e GwU DcKvix|

Off to a Good Start: All you need to know about breastfeeding your baby (Ad Uz G ¸W ÷vU©: Aj BD wbW Uz †bv A¨vevDU †eª÷wdwWs B‡qvi †ewe) eBwU Avcbvi

wgWIqvBd A_ev †nj_& wfwRU‡ii Kv‡Q cvIqv hv‡e|

98

‡evZ‡j LvIqv‡bv &GKRb gv hw` Zvi wkï‡K ey‡Ki `ya bv LvIqvb, Z‡e ey‡Ki `y‡a cwie‡Z© †ewe digyjv wgé eënvi Kiv nq| wkïi eqm GK eQi bv nIqv ch©š —, wkï‡K ïaygvÎ †ewe digyjv wgé †`qv †h‡Z cv‡i, mvaviY cv¯‘wiZ Mi“i `ya bq (hwÌ Qq gvm eqm †_‡K ivbœvq c~Y© bbxhy³ Mi“i `ya eënvi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i)|

‡ e w e w g é

Qq gvm eq‡mi ci †_‡K gv‡qi `y‡ai mv‡_ Ab¨ Lvev‡i Af¨¯ — Kivi Rb¨ Mi“i `y‡ai mvgMÖx (†hgb B‡qvMvU© ev `B, ‡d «v‡gR ‡d «BR Ges Kv÷vW©) †`qv †h‡Z cv‡i|

digyjv wgé mvaviYZt Mi“i `ya ‡_‡K ˆZix Kiv nq, hv wkïi cywó msµvš — we‡kl Pvwn`v¸‡jv †gUv‡bvi Rb¨ iƒcvš —i Kiv nq| †h mKj wkï Mi“i `ya mn¨ Ki‡Z cv‡i bv (‡hgb (lactose intolerance (j¨vK‡UvR BbUjv‡iÝ), Mi“i `y‡ai cÖwZ ¯úk©KvZiZv Ges galactosaemia (M¨vjvKUvwmwgqv) Zv‡ì Rb¨ hydrolysed protein formulas (nvB‡WªvjvBRW& †cÖvwUb dg©yjv) cvIqv hvq Ges c_¨ wn‡m‡e †`qv nq| G¸‡jv mqv-‡eBRW& digyjv¸‡jv †_‡K AwaK cQ‡›ì, KviY G¸‡jv‡Z D”PgvÎvi phytoestrogen content (dvB‡UvA‡÷ªv‡Rb Kb‡U›U) _vKvi Kvi‡Y, G¸‡jv wkïi cÖwZ `xN © †gqv`x Su ywK enb Ki‡Z cv‡i|

digyjv wgé, K¨vb ev c¨v‡K‡U, ¸‡ov A_ev MÖvby‡qvj ev `jve× AvKv‡i, cvwbi mv‡_ wgwk‡q LvIqv‡bvi g‡Zv K‡i cvIqv hvq| Ô†iwW-Uz-wdWÕ ev ÔLvIqv‡bvi Rb¨ cÖ¯‘ZÕ AvKv‡iI GwU KvU©y‡b wewµ n‡q _v‡K| GwU ïK‡bv digyjv †_‡K AwaK e¨qeûj|

d‡jvÑAb wgé n‡jv Bbd¨v›U digyjv hv AwaK eqmx wkï‡ì Rb¨ Dchy³ (BD‡KÕ†Z Gi Rb¨ mycwikK…Z me‡P‡q Kg eqm n‡jv Qq gvm)|G¸‡jvi ey‡Ki `ya ev Bbd¨v›U digyjv †_‡K †Kvb DrK…óZv ‡bB|

99

cÖ‡kœi Reve ‡evZ‡j LvIqv‡bvi Rb¨ Avcbvi hv hv cÖ‡qvRb

cÖt ‡÷wijvBR ev RxevY~gy³ Kiv †Kb G‡Zv ¸i“Z¡c~Y©? Dt Mig `ya ¶wZKi RxevY~‡ì eske „w×i Rb¨ GKwU †¶Î| cy‡ivcywi †evZ‡j

LvIqv GKwU wkï ey‡Ki `y‡a msµg‡Yi wei“‡× ¯^vfvweK †Kvb cÖwZ‡iva ‡c‡q _v‡K bv, myZivs GB S uywK h_vmva¨ Kwg‡q Avbvi Rb¨ GUv ¸i“Z¡c~Y© †h Avcwb wRwbmcÎ¸‡jv Rxevb~gy³ K‡i †bb| GUv KZw`b a‡i Ki‡Z n‡e ‡m wel‡q civg‡k©i Rb¨ Avcbvi †nj_ & wfwRUi‡K wRÁvmv Ki“b, Z‡e mvaviY civgk© n‡jv, wkïi eqm Qq gvm ch©š — Avcwb Zvi LvIqv‡bvi wRwbmcÎ¸‡jv RxevY~gy³ K‡i wbb, Ges Zvi eqm GK eQi bv nIqv ch©š — Avcwb Zvi `ya LvIqvi wRwbmcÎ¸‡jv RxevY~gy³ Kiv Pvwj‡q hvb|

cÖt ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bv GZ eo GKUv Sv‡gjv wQj, Ges

Avwg GLb digyjvq cwieZ©b K‡i G‡bwQ| wKš‘ Avwg GLb Acivax †eva Kwi

Dt ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bv hw` KvR bv K‡i Z‡e gv‡qiv AZ¨š — `ytwLZ Ges nZvk

†evav Ki‡Z cv‡ib| †Kvb RvqMvq fyj n‡q‡Q, Zv †ei Ki‡Z cviv DcKvix n‡Z cv‡i| nq‡Zv Ggb GKwU Kvi‡Y Avcwb Zv‡K ¯ —‡b wb‡Z cvi‡Zb bv, KviY fv‡jvfv‡e ïi“ Kivi Rb¨, nq‡Zv Avcbvi `ya wbt‡kl n‡q wM‡qwQj| nq‡Zvev Avcwb Î“wUc~Y© Z_¨ Ges mnvqZv jvf K‡iwQ‡jb| GB welq¸‡jv wb‡q †eª÷wdwWs KvDwÝj‡ii mv‡_ Avjvc Ki‡j Zv nq‡Zv GUv †h Avcbvi †`vl wQj bv †m wel‡q Avcbv‡K wbwðš — Ki‡Z Ges Avcbvi hw` Av‡iv GKwU wkï nq ZLb AvZ¥wek ¦vm cÖ`vb Ki‡Z mvnvh¨ Ki‡e|

• Kg c‡¶ QqwU 200 ml (200wgwj) aviY¶gZv m¤úbœ †evZj, wUU ev wbcj Ges ‡evZ‡ji †gvoK|

• digyjv wgé| • ‡evZ‡ji eªvk Ges wbc‡ji eªvk|

• RxevY~gy³ Kivi wRwbmcÎ|

msµg‡Yi wei“‡× Avcbvi wkï‡K myi¶v Ki‡Z, wkï‡K LvIqv‡bvi me¸‡jv wRwbmcÎ Aek¨B cwi®‹vi ivL yb| eënv‡ii ci cÖwZwU wRwbm Mig mvevb-cvwb‡Z ay‡q wbb, Ges R‡g _vKv me wRwbm cwi®‹vi n‡q‡Q Zv wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ eªvk eënvi Ki“b| Avcwb hw` wbc‡ji Rb¨ GKwU eªvk eënvi bv K‡ib, Z‡e wbcjwUi †fZ‡ii w`K evB‡ii w`‡K Dwë‡q cwi®‹vi Ki“b| cwi®‹vi cvwb‡Z me¸‡jv wRwbm ay‡q wbb Ges RxevY~gy³ Ki“b| RxevY~gy³KiY: • XvKbv A uvUv GKwU cv‡Î wRwbmcÎ¸‡jv

Kgc‡¶ 10wgwbU a‡i dzUv‡bvi gva¨‡g Ges wbwðZ Kivi gva‡g †h, †evZ‡j A_ev wbc‡j †Kvb evZvm AvU‡K †bB|

• ‡Kwg‡Kj †÷wijvBwRs mwjDb ev ivmvqwbK RxevY~gy³KiY `ªe‡Yi gva¨‡g (cÖ¯‘ZKvixi wb‡`©kbv co–b)| mwjDk‡b Kgc‡¶ 30 wgwb‡Ui Rb¨ ‡i‡L w`b| cÖwZ 24 N›Uv Aš —i bZzb mwjDkb ˆZix Ki“b|

• we‡kl ai‡Yi w÷g †÷wijvBRv‡i w÷wgs ev ev®úvwqZ Kivi gva¨‡g

• gvB‡µvI‡qf I‡f‡bi Rb¨ cÖ¯‘Z †÷wijvBwRs BDwbU eënvi Kivi gva¨‡g|

wRwbmcÎ L yjevi Av‡M memgq Avcbvi nvZ ay‡q wbb| eënvi Kievi Av‡M hw` Avcwb wRwbmcÎ¸‡jv ay‡q wb‡Z Pvb, Z‡e †m× Kiv VvÛv cvwb eënvi Ki“b|

100

wKfv‡e GKwU LvIqv ˆZix Ki‡eb

Avcbvi N‡ii cvw¤^s ev cvwb cwienb eë¯’v hw` wjW ev mxmvi ˆZix cvB‡ci gva¨‡g nq, ev mxmvi ˆZix cvBc hw`

Avcbvi evmv ch©š — G‡m _v‡K, Z‡e 128 bs c „ôvi

1. mivmwi U¨vc †_‡K †bqv cvwb‡Z ‡KUwjwU dzwU‡q wbb| GUv‡K VvÛv n‡Z w`b|

3. mv‡L †`qv ¯‹zc ev PvgPwUi gva¨‡g

mwVK cwigv‡Y cvDWvi †g‡c wbb| mv‡_ †`qv ¯úvPzjv (PIov gv_vIqvjv mgvb Kivi wRwbm) A_ev c vw÷‡Ki Qywi w`‡q Pvg‡Pi cvDWvi mgvb K‡i wbb| ‡Kvb Ae¯’v‡ZB Pvg‡P cvDWvi ‡V‡m †XvKv‡eb bv| cvwb †gkvb| wW¯‹ ev †evZ‡ji XvKwb, wbcj Ges Kfvi ev †gvoK cwo‡q wbb|

2. Avcbvi nvZ¸‡jv m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c ay‡q wbb| cwi®‹vi GKwU RvqMvq †evZjwU ` uvo Kivb| mwVK cwigv‡Y cvwb Xvjyb|

4. cvDWvi cy‡ivcywi wg‡k bv hvIqv

ch©š — fv‡jvfv‡e SuvKv‡Z _vKzb|

Av‡M ‡_‡K LvIqv ‰Zix Avcwb 24 N›Uv ch©š — †evZj¸‡jv wd «‡R ivL‡Z cv‡ib| †evZ‡ji Kfvi ev †gvoK w`‡q wbcj¸‡jv †X‡K ivL yb, A_ev †evZ‡j wbcj bv jvwM‡q, wW¯‹ ev XvKwb w`‡q †evZj¸‡jv AvU‡K ivL yb| Mig cvwbi GKwU R‡M †evZjwU ` uvo Kwi‡q, A_ev we‡kl ai‡Yi †evZj Iqvg©v‡i `ya Mig K‡i wbb| KL‡bv gvB‡µvI‡qf eënvi Ki‡eb bvÑ GUv `y‡a †_vKv †_vKv Mig RvqMv ˆZix K‡i, hv Avcbvi wkïi gyL cywo‡q w`‡Z cv‡i| me mgq cvDWv‡ii mv‡_ mwVK cwigv‡c cvwb eënvi Ki“b| c¨v‡K‡U †h cwigvY `y‡ai K_v †jLv Av‡Q, Zv GKwU wb‡`©kbv gvÎ| Avcbvi wkïi ¶zav Abyhvqx Lvevi ˆZix Ki“b| wPwKrm‡Ki civgk© e¨vwZZ mqv digyjv eënvi Ki‡eb bv|

5. Avcwb hLb LveviwU Avcbvi wkï‡K w`‡eb ZLb Zv †hb Dò _v‡K| Avcbvi Kwâi †fZ‡ii w`‡K, Aí K‡qK †dvUv †d‡j ZvcgvÎv cix¶v Ki“b Ñ GUv MigI †eva n‡e bv, VvÛvI †eva n‡e bv| VvÛv cvwbi U¨vc †Q‡o, U¨v‡ci bx‡P †evZjwU a‡i Avcwb GwU‡K VvÛv K‡i wb‡Z cv‡ib|

‡R‡b wbb: cÖwZevi LvIqv‡bvi †k‡l, AeëüZ `ya¸‡jv memgq †d‡j w`b| Avcwb hw` GKmv‡_ K‡qK ‡evZj ˆZix K‡i _v‡Kb, Z‡e 24 N›Uv mg‡qi ci hv AeëüZ AeëüZ †_‡K hv‡e, Zv †d‡j w`b| 101


‡h cwieZ©b¸‡jv Avcwb Avkv Ki‡Z cv‡ib wkïi R‡b¥i wVK ci ci, Avcbvi †cU †`L‡Z Avjy_vjy Ges big †`Lv‡e| AwaKvsk gwnjvB ïaygvÎ mvaviY Lvevi MÖn‡Yi gva¨‡gB Zv‡ì Mf©c~e© IRb Ges AvK…wZ wd‡i †c‡q _v‡Kb Ñ hwÌ Avcwb nq‡Zv KL‡bvB wVK Av‡Mi Avi †`L‡Z †`Lv‡eb bv| e¨vqvg Kivi gva¨‡g nq‡Zv Gi MwZ `ª“Z n‡Z cv‡i, Ges GB RvqMv¸‡jvi Uvb Uvb fve wdwi‡q Avb‡Z pelvic floor exercise (‡cjwfK †d¬vi G·vimvBR) Kiv ¸i“Z¡c~Y© (103 bs c„ôv †`L yb)| Avcbvi hw` GKwU wmRvwiqvb †mKkb A_ev ‡c‡U wew”QbœK…Z gvsm‡ckx _v‡K, Z‡e †Kvb †Kvb e¨vqvg Avcbvi Rb¨ Dchy&³ bvI n‡Z cv‡i Ñ G wel‡q Avcbvi wgWIqvBd A_ev GKRb

obstetric physiotherapist (Aem‡UUwiK wdwRI‡_ivwc÷)ÑGi mv‡_ K_v ejyb| wkïi R‡b¥i c‡ii w`b¸‡jv‡Z, Rivqy hLb Zvi Mf©c~e© AvKv‡i wd‡i †h‡Z _v‡K ZLbI †mUv K›Uªv±m& ev msKzwPZ n‡Z _v‡K| Avcwb nq‡Zv †Kvb †Kvb mgq GB ms‡KvPb¸‡jv †Ui †c‡q _vK‡eb (hv ‘afterpainÕ ev ÔRb¥cieZ©x e¨v_vÕ wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ| GUv hw` Avcbvi Rb¨ L ye hš ¿Yv`vqK nq (mK‡ji †¶‡Î nq bv), Z‡e †Kvb †cBbwKjvi ev e¨v_v DckgKvix¸‡jv LvIqv wbivc`, Zv Avcbvi wgWIqvBd A_ev wRwc‡K wRÁvmv Ki“b|

Avcbvi `ya hLb Av‡m, ZLb Avcbvi ¯ —‡bi AvK…wZ e„w× †c‡Z cv‡i Ges Avcwb †m¸‡jv Av‡iv big †eva Ki‡Z cv‡ib (92 bs c„ôv †`Lyb)| GwU n‡jv Avcbvi —‡bi wUmy¨¸‡jv‡Z `ya, i³ Ges lymph (wjç ev jwmKv) e„w× nIqvi dj| Vaginal discharge (lochia) (f¨vwRbvi wWmPvR© (†jvwKqv) ev †hvbxmªve) n‡jv wM‡q wkïi R‡b¥i ci, Rivqy †_‡K i³ Ges Ab¨vb¨ c`v‡_©i wgkªY‡K wbs‡o †ei K‡i wb‡q Avmv| cÖ_g cÖ_g GUv _v‡K D¾¡j jvj, Gi ci GUv n‡Z _v‡K †Mvjvcx ev`vgx Ges c‡i wµg is‡qi| cÖ_g cÖ_g GUv L ye fvix n‡q _v‡K Ges Avcbvi w`‡b K‡qKwU m¨vwbUvwi c¨vW cwieZ©b Kivi cÖ‡qvRb n‡e (msµg‡Yi SuywKi Rb¨ GB mgq tempon (†Ugcb) mycvwik Kiv nq bv| cÖ_g 24 N›Uvq wKQy wKQy gwnjv m¨vwbUvwi b¨vcwK‡bi †P‡q wWR‡cv‡Rej ev eënv‡ii ci †d‡j †`qv hvq GiKg b¨vwci eënvi‡K AwaK djcªmy e‡j g‡b K‡i _v‡Kb|

cÖ_g mßv‡ni ci GwU AZ¨š — axi n‡q hvq, hwÌ Avcwb nq‡Zv †`L‡eb †h, cy‡ivcywi †kl n‡q hvIqvi Av‡M GUv wZb †_‡K Pvi mßvn ¯’vqx n‡”Q| Av‡M ev`vgx is‡qi i³ hvIqvi ci hw` Avcbvi hw` ZvRv jvj i³ †h‡Z _v‡K, A_ev Avcbvi mªve hw` MÜhy³ nq, A_ev Avcbvi hw` †c‡Ui e¨_v nq, A_ev Avcbvi hw` R¡i Av‡m, Z‡e wPwKrm‡Ki civgk© wbb| hvB‡nvK, GKevi ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bvi ci ZvRv jvj i³ hvIqv ¯^vfvweK|

wkïi R‡b¥i cieZ©x `yB w`b †KvôKvwVb¨ _vKv AZ¨š — mvaviY GKwU welq| cÖPzi cwigv‡Y Zij c`v_© cvb Kivi gva¨‡g, ZvRv dj Ges kvK-mâx mn D”P A uvkhy³ Lvevi LvIqvi gva¨‡g wb‡R‡K mn‡hvwMZv Ki“b|

102

wkïi R‡b¥i ci Avcbvi Rxeb

Qq mßv‡ni postnatal (†cv÷b¨vUvj ev Rb¥cieZ©x) cix¶v wkïi R‡b¥i Qq mßvn ci Avcbv‡K nq Avcbvi wRwc, bZzev KwgDwbwU wgWIqvBd A_ev Avcbvi wkï †h BDwb‡U Rb¥ wb‡qwQj †mL‡b GKRb Wv³v‡ii mv‡_ †`Lv Kivi Rb¨ ejv n‡e| GwU GKwU wbqggvwdK gyj¨vqb, hv‡Z K‡i wbwðZ Kiv hvq †h, Avcwb ¯^vfvweK kvwiixK Ae¯’vq wd‡i Avm‡Qb, Ges Avcbvi †¶‡Î hw` Zv bv N‡U, ‡h †Kvb mgm¨v _vK‡j hv‡Z †m wel‡q eë¯’v †bqv hvq| G QvovI GwU Avcwb †Kgb †eva Ki‡Qb Zv Avcbv‡K wRÁvmv Kivi, Ges Avcbvi hw` †Kvb cÖkœ _v‡K Zvi DËi †èvi GKwU my‡hvM| GB cix¶vi mgq Avcwb hw` Pvb Z‡e contraception (K›Uªvwmckb ev Mf©wb‡ivaK)ÑGi wel‡qI Avjvc Ki‡Z cv‡ib|

Avcbvi Wv³vi nq‡Zv Avcbv‡K GB mgq GKwU B›Uvibvj ev Avf¨š —ixY cix¶v Ges Avcbvi †c‡Ui palpate (cvj‡cU ev ¯ú‡k©i gva¨‡g GKai‡Yi cix¶v)ÑGi Rb¨ civgk© w`‡Z cv‡ib, hv‡Z wbwðZ Kiv hvq †h, Avcbvi Rivqy Mf©c~e© AvKv‡i wd‡i G‡m‡Q| Avcwb hw` G wel‡q cÖ¯‘Z †eva bv K‡ib, Z‡e †mBiKgB ejyb|

Ô‡ewe eyRÕ ev Ôwkï Rb¥cieZ©x welv`Õ Ô‡cv÷ b¨vUvj e yRÕ A_ev Ô†ewe e yRÕ, wkïi R‡b¥i `yB ev wZb w`b ci, AkÖ“‡fRv †Pv‡Li GKwU AZ¨š — mvaviY Abyf~wZ| GUv nq‡Zv GiKg †h Rb¥ †`qvi Ôgwngvwš^ZÕ †Kvb RvqMv †_‡K c„w_ex‡Z †b‡g Avmv| G QvovI GwU ni‡gvb msµvš — Kvi‡YI n‡Z cv‡i, KviY cÖvq GB mg‡qB cwic~Y© `ya ÔG‡m _v‡KÕ| GUv mvaviYZt GK ev `yB w`‡bi g‡a¨ P‡j hvq, wKš‘ GUv hZ¶Y ¯’vqx n‡e, ZZ¶Y Avcbvi AwZwi³ mnvqZvi cÖ‡qvRb n‡e (& G QvovI 107-109 c„ôvq post natal depression (†cv÷b¨vUvj wW‡cÖkb)ÑG †`Lyb|

‡cjwfK †d¬vi G·vimvB‡Rm ev e¨vqvg

Gi ci

‘¯^vfvweK Ae¯’vq wd‡i †h‡Z Avwg ‡cÖkvi ev Pvc Abyfe Kwi- Ges Avwg Avgvi wb‡Ri Rb¨ GKUzLvwb mgq Pvw”Qjvg| wkïwUi Rb ¥ Avgvi Kv‡Q GKwU m¤ú~Y© weRq e‡j g‡b n‡qwQj- Zvi e¨vcv‡i `~:wðšÍv Kiv eÜB Ki‡Z cviwQjvg bv, Ges Avwg Avgvi ïay fq n‡Zv Avwg mewKQyB eywS wVKgZ Ki‡Z cviwQjvg bv|Õ

‡cjwfK †d¬vi G·vimvBR, GB ¸i“Z¡c~Y© gvsm‡ckx¸‡jvi `„pZv wd‡i †c‡Z mvnvh¨ Ki‡Z cv‡i| G¸‡jv stress incontinence (‡÷ªm BbKw›U‡bÝ ev Pv‡ci Kvi‡Y †eM a‡i ivL‡Z A¶gZv) (52 bs c„ôv †`L yb) †iva Ki‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i _v‡K, hv wkïi R‡b¥i ci NU‡Z cv‡i (Avcwb hLb Kvk‡eb, nvm‡eb A_ev †`Šov‡eb ZLb GK `yB ‡d uvUv †ckve †ewi‡q hvIqv)| wkïi R‡b¥i ci Ges Gi cieZ©x `yB w`b Avcwb nq‡Zv †cjwfK †d¬vi gvsm‡ckxi Ici Avcbvi †Kvb wbqš¿Y i‡q‡Q Zv †eva Ki‡eb bv|

g‡b ivL‡eb †h, Avcwb hZ †ekx evi GwU Ki‡eb, ZZB fv‡jv| G¸‡jv wKfv‡e Ki‡eb Zv Mf©Kvwjb mg‡q A_ev wkïi R‡b¥i ci, GKRb wgWIqvBd A_ev wdwRI‡_ivwc÷ Avcbv‡K wkwL‡q †`‡eb| wkïi R‡b¥i ci cÖ_g w`b¸‡jv‡Z ïi“ Ki“b, Ges cÖwZw`b 10 †_‡K 12wU G·vimvB‡Ri Pvi †_‡K c uvP †mU K‡i Kivi j¶¨ wbb| Avcwb GwU †h †Kvb mg‡q Ki‡Z cv‡ib Ñ Avm‡j, Avcbvi Rxe‡bi cÖwZwU w`b GUv Kivi Af¨vm ˆZix Kiv, Ges G¸‡jv‡K Avcbvi ‰bwgwËK KvR¸‡jvi GKwU As‡k cwiYZ Kiv, GKwU fv‡jv aviYv| cÖwZevi †ckve

Z¨vM Kivi ci, GUv Kivi K_v g‡b ivLvi gva¨‡g, Af¨vm ˆZix Kiv DcKvix n‡Z cv‡i| cÖ_‡g ax‡i ax‡i G¸‡jv Ki“b

1. g‡b Ki“b †h Avcwb Avcbvi †ckve AvUKv‡Z PvB‡Qb| †ckv‡ei †ei nIqv †iva Ki‡Z Avcbvi d «›U c¨vmvR ev mvg‡bi w`‡Ki iv¯ —v UvBU K‡i ivLyb|

2. k ¦vm Qvovi mv‡_ mv‡_ ax‡i ax‡i wkw_j Ki‡Z _vKzb|

3. ci ci Ki‡Z _vKzb|

Avcbvi †cjwfK †d¬vi gvsm‡ckx¸‡jv hw` `ye©j nq, Z‡e cÖ_g cÖ_g GUv Kiv Avcbvi Rb¨ L ye Kómva¨ n‡Z cv‡i| hwÌ, Nb Nb GUv Kivi gva¨‡g kxN ÖB Ae¯’vi DbœwZ NU‡e| hw` DbœwZ bv nq, Z‡e Avcbvi wRwci mv‡_ †`Lv Ki“b| Avcbvi †ckx¸‡jv Kvh©Kix i‡q‡Q Zv cix¶v Ki‡Z, †ckv‡ei gvSc‡_ iv¯ —v eÜ Kivi †Póv Ki“b| GUv Nb Nb Ki‡eb bv, cÖwZ K‡qK mßv‡n GKevi K‡i Kiv h‡_ó n‡e|

103

Avcbvi Avš—tm¤úK©, Avcbvi Rxeb wkïi R‡b¥i ci A‡bK wKQyi cwieZ©b N‡U| Avcwb nq‡Zv g‡b Ki‡eb ‡h, Avcwb Avcbvi Rxe‡bi GKwU bZzb Aa¨vq ïi“ Ki‡Qb| ZviciI g‡b n‡e †h c„w_exi mK‡ji g‡bv‡hvM †hb Avcbvi wkïi cÖ‡qvRb¸‡jvi Ici, Ges Avcbvi wb‡Ri Ici bq| †h wRwbm¸‡jvi Avcbvi me‡P‡q †ekx cÖ‡qvRb n‡e, †m¸‡jvi †fZi i‡q‡Q mgq, cÖvß eq¯‹‡ì mnvqZv Ges Zv‡ì mv‡_ K_vevZ©v| Avcwb nq‡Zv g‡b Ki‡Z cv‡ib †h, Avcbvi wkï Avcbvi Rxeb `Lj K‡i wb‡q‡Q| †KD hw` †Kvb mvnv‡hï cÖ¯ —ve †`q, Z‡e Ggb wKQyi wPš —v Ki“b, †hUv Zviv Ki‡Z cvi‡e Ñ Zv bvB‡j Zviv nq‡Zv Avi KL‡bv wRÁvmv Ki‡e bv! AwaKvsk e¨w³B GUv ‡f‡e Avbw›`Z nb †h, Zviv Avcbvi Rb¨ †QvULv‡Uv GKwU DciKvi Ki‡Z cv‡ib Ges GKwU bZzb wkï †h cwieZ©b e‡q Avb‡Q, Zv‡Z Ask wb‡Z cvi‡Qb| Avcbvi cvU©bvi ev m½x

wkïi †`Lv‡kvbv Kivi Rb¨ Avcbvi cvU©bv‡ii Ici Av ’v ivLyb, Ges Avcbvi Avb› Ges D‡ØM¸‡jv yÕR‡b fvMvfvwM Ki“b| Avcwb hw cv‡ib, Z‡e

GKv mgq KvUvb, GKRb Kvcj ev RywU wn‡m‡e Ñ hw I GKwU mgq ch©š— GUv AR©b Kiv mnR n‡e bv!

Avcbvi cwievi Ges eÜzevÜe mvnvh¨ Ges mnvqZvi cÖ¯ —ve Avcwb nq‡Zv Avb‡›ì mv‡_ †g‡b wb‡eb, wKš‘ Zviv hLb Avcbv‡K †`L‡Z Avm‡eb, ZLb Avcbvi †h Zv‡ì Avc¨vqb Ki‡Z n‡e, GgbwU †eva Ki‡eb bv| Avcwb hw` †jvKR‡bi mv‡_ ‡`Lv Ki‡Z cwikªvš — ‡eva K‡ib, Z‡e hviv Avcbv‡K †`L‡Z Avm‡eb Zv‡ì‡K Ab¨ mgq Avm‡Z ej‡Z fxZ †eva Ki‡eb bv, Ab¨_vq, Zv‡ì‡K †`L‡Z hvIqvi Av‡qvRb Ki“b|

‘Avcbvi hLb GKwU wkï nq, ZLb †jvKRb wewfbœfv‡e Avcbvi mv‡_ m¤úK©hy³ nq| Avgvi g‡b nq †h, Avgvi eÜziv Avgvi †P‡q Avgvi wkïi cÖwZ †ekx AvMÖnx| Avgvi g‡b nq †h Zviv nq‡Zv GUv wPš —v Ki‡Q †h ÒAvwgB n‡ev c‡iiUvÓ|Õ ‘‡mB cÖ_g mßvn¸‡jvi ¯§„wZi K_v g‡b Ki‡j Avgvi g~jZt K¬vwš —i K_vB g‡b nqÑ cÖwZwU iv‡ZB Nyg fv½‡Zv, cÖvq‡¶‡ÎB GKev‡ii †P‡q †ekx| †Kvb †Kvb mgq K‡qK N›Uv a‡i Kvbœv Pj‡Zv| GUv GKRb‡K weaŸ¯ — K‡i †`q|Avgiv hLb †`L‡Z †cjvg †h †m G¸‡jv †Q‡o w`‡”Q,ZLb †mUv wQj PgrKvi| ‡jvKRb hZB ejyK bv †Kb Zzw †Kvb fyj Ki‡Qv b, †Zvgvi g‡b n‡e †h Zzwg Aek¨B †Kvb fyj Ki‡Qv|Õ

(cvU©bvi)

m n v q Z v wkïi mvwbœ‡a¨ †h‡Z Avgvi †ek mgq †j‡MwQj| Zvi Rb¥ nIqvUv wQj PgrKvi Ges Avwg Rvwb †h Avwg Zv‡K fv‡jv‡e‡mwQjvg, wKš‘ Avgvi g‡b nq Avgv‡ì g‡a¨ A‡bK w`b ch©š—, hv‡K e‡j Òwi‡jkbkxcÓ ev ÒAvš—tm¤úK©Ó, ‡mUv wQj bv| Zvi hLb eqm K‡qK gvm, Ges hLb †m †`Lv‡Z ïi“ K‡i †h ‡m Avgvi mv‡_ _vKv Dc‡fvM K‡i, mwZ¨ mwZ¨ Avwg ‡KejgvÎ ZLbB Zvi m½ Dc‡fvM Kiv ïi“ Kijvg ... †m hLb ïb‡Z cvq †h Avwg AvmwQ, ZLb †m D”Q¡wmZ n‡q D‡V, Ges Zv‡K †Kv‡j †bqvi Rb¨ Avgvi w`‡K Zvi nvZ evwo‡q †`q| Avwg †mUv `vi“Y fv‡jvevwm!Õ

(cvU©bvi)

bZzb eÜz cvZv‡bv AwaKvsk GjvKv‡ZB Ab¨vb¨ wcZvgvZv‡ì MÖ“c i‡q‡Q, hv‡ì mnvqZv Ges eÜ zZ¡ Avcbvi Rb¨ `vi“Y DcKvix n‡Z cv‡i| Avcwb hw` jvRyK n‡q _v‡Kb, Z‡e GB ai‡Yi †bUIqvK© ev ms‡hv‡Mi mv‡_ ‡gkvUv Avcbvi Rb¨ KwVb n‡Z cv‡i, myZivs Avcbv‡K †ek mvnmx Ges âh©¨kxj n‡Z n‡e| wKQy msMV‡bi Kwd MÖ“cm&, A_ev Wªc -Bb-‡m›Uvi, A_ev UWjvi K¬ve i‡q‡Q| †dvb K‡i GKwU wgwUs ev mfvi mgq I ¯’vb †R‡b wbb| Avcwb †K Zv Zv‡ì‡K ejyb, Zviv †K Zv wRÁvmv Ki“b, Ges Avcwb hLb †mLv‡b hv‡eb, ZLb Kvi mv‡_ †`Lv Ki‡eb, Zvi bvg †R‡b wbb| GBfv‡e Aš —Zt Avcbvi g‡b n‡e †h, Avcwb KvD‡K Rv‡bb (A_ev GKiK‡gi Rv‡bb)| Avcwb hw` Ggb GKwU MÖ“c‡K †e‡Q †bb, hv‡ì Avcbvi wK¬K ev `jevR GKwU MÖ“c e‡j g‡b n‡e, Z‡e †_‡g _vK‡eb bv| `yf©vMëkZt, GiKgwU N‡U _v‡K| nq Avev‡iv †Póv Ki“b, A_ev Ab¨ GKwU MÖ“‡ci mv‡_ †Póv Ki“b|

Avcwb †gjv‡gkv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb, GB ai‡Yi Ab¨vb¨ †jvKR‡bi wel‡q Avcbvi †nj_& wfwRUi †R‡b _vK‡eb Ges Ges Avcbv‡K Zv‡ì mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM Kwi‡q †`‡eb . Ges wZwb wfbœ wfbœ K¬v‡ei wel‡q Z_¨ jv‡fi GKwU fvjv Drm n‡Z cv‡ib| Avcbvi mv‡_ gvbvbmB †Kvb MÖ“c hw` bv _v‡K, Z‡e Avcbvi †nj_& wfwRUi, Avcbvi wb‡Ri MÖ“c ˆZix Kivi wel‡q Avcbv‡K mvnvh¨ Ki‡Z cv‡ib|

104

cÖ‡kœi Reve

cÖt ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bv wK Mf©wb‡ivaK wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i?

Dt ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bv nq‡Zv, ovulation (IwfD‡jkb ev wW‡¤^vùUb)†K evavMÖ¯ — K‡i, hvi A_© n‡jv Avcbvi wW¤^ Drcv`b Kivi m¤ ¢vebv Kg| Avcbvi Mf©aviY Kivi m¤ ¢vebv Kg, Ges Ges Avcbvi wcwiqW ev FZz evavMÖ¯ — _v‡K|

Mf©wb‡iva‡Ki GKwU c×wZ GB welqwU‡K eënvi K‡i †h, ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bvi (lactation (j¨vK‡Ukb) A_© n‡jv Avcbvi nq‡Zv gvwmK FZzmªve n‡e bv (‘amenorrhoea’ (A¨v‡g‡bvwiqv)ÑGi A_© n‡jv gvwmK FZzmªve eÜ) GwU cwievi cwiKíbvi ‘lactational amenorrhoea’ (j¨vK‡Ukbvj A¨v‡g‡bvwiqv) c×wZ wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ|

Avcwb hw` Mf©wb‡ivaK wn‡m‡e GB c×wZ eënvi Ki‡Z Pvb, Z‡e GKRb KvDwÝji A_ev Wv³v‡ii mv‡_ K_v ejyb| GUv‡K KvR Kiv‡bvi Rb¨ Avcbv‡K, wkï‡Kv †evZ‡j Lvevi bv w`‡q, GgbwK iv‡ÎI, ïaygvÎ Ges cÖvq mgq ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡Z n‡e| Gi ciI, GB c×wZ eënvi Kivi gva¨‡g †Kvb wbðqZv †bB †h Avcwb Mf©aviY Ki‡eb bv| Avcwb hw` Mf©aviY bv Kivi wel‡q wbwðZ n‡Z Pvb, Z‡e Ab¨ Av‡iK ai‡Yi Mf©wb‡ivaK eënvi Ki“b| gvwmK FZzmªv‡ei c~‡e©B wW‡¤^vùUb N‡U _v‡K, myZivs Avcbv‡K †evSevi AeKvk bv w`‡qB Avcbvi dvwU©wjwU ev De©ivkw³ wd‡i Avm‡Z cv‡i|

wKQy wKQy gwnjvi ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bvi mgq gvwmK FZzmªve nq bv Ñ GgbwK Zv‡ì wkïiv hLb k³ Lvev‡i fv‡jvfv‡e Af¨¯ — n‡q hvq, nq‡Zv GK A_ev `yBevi ey‡Ki `ya †L‡q _v‡K| Ab¨vb¨ gwnjv‡ì gvwmK FZzmªve, Zv‡ì wkïiv hLb ‡¯úmwdW ev `xN © weiwZ w`‡q LvIqv ïi“ K‡i, ZLb wd‡i Av‡m| Kv‡iv Kv‡iv †¶‡Î GUv wkïi R‡b¥i K‡qK mßvn ciB ïi“ n‡q hvq|

wkïi R‡b¥i ci †hŠbwgjb

wkïi R‡b¥i ci L ye Aí mg‡qi †fZ‡iB Avcbv‡K nq‡Zv, Avcwb wK ai‡Yi Mf©wb‡ivaK eënvi Ki‡Z Pvb, †m wel‡q wRÁvmv Kiv n‡q _vK‡e Ñ nq‡Zv †mB mgq †hŠbwgj‡bi welqwU Avcbvi gv_vq G‡Kev‡iB †bB| †nj_& cÖ‡dkbvjm& ev ¯^v¯’¨welqK †ckvRxexiv Avcbv‡K GB cÖkœwU GB Kvi‡Y wRÁvmv K‡i _v‡Kb †h, hv‡Z K‡i GB wm×vš — MÖn‡Yi welqwU AwaK cxovcxwoi ch©v‡q †cŠQv‡bvi Av‡MB Avcwb wPš —v Kivi mgq cvb| Avcbvi Wv³vi, †nj_& wfwRUi A_ev d¨vwgwj c vwbs wK¬wb‡Ki gva¨‡g, Avcwb †h †Kvb mgq civgk© jvf Ki‡Z cv‡ib| Avcwb hw` ey‡Ki `ya LvB‡q _v‡Kb, Z‡e Avcbv‡K nq‡Zv combined pill (K¤^vBÛ wcj) Ñ †h ai‡Yi wc‡j oestrogen (G‡÷ªv‡Rb) Ges progesterone (†cÖv‡R‡÷ib) i‡q‡Q, †m¸‡jv bv LvIqvi Rb¨ civgk© †`qv n‡e| Gi KviY, oestrogen (G‡÷ªv‡Rb) nq‡Zv Avcbvi ey‡Ki `ya Drcv`‡bi cwigvb Kwg‡q Avb‡Z cv‡i| Progesterone-only (†cÖv‡R‡÷ibÑAbwj) wcj¸‡jv (†Kvb †Kvb mgq G¸‡jv mini-pill (wgwb wcj) bv‡g cwiwPZ) ‡ekx Dchy&³| (G QvovI Further help ev Av‡iv mnvqZv ‡mKk‡b d¨vwgwj c vwbs ev cwievi cwiKíbvq †`L yb)|

Avcwb hw` Avev‡iv †h Šbwgjb ïi“ K‡ib, Z‡e wbivcËv wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨, wkïi R‡b¥i Pvi mßv‡ni †fZ‡i, Mf©wb‡iva‡Ki Avcbvi cQ‡›ì c×wZwU eënvi ïi“ Ki“b| Avcwb hw` GKwU diaphragm (Wvqvd «vg) A_ev GKwU cap (K¨vc) eënvi K‡ib, Z‡e GUv †h GL‡bv Av‡Uvm uv‡Uv _v‡K, Zv wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ cix¶v K‡i wbb| (wkïi R‡b¥i ci Rivqygy‡Li AvKvi Ges MV‡bi nvjKv cwieZ©b n‡Z cv‡i)|

A‡bK gwnjvi Rb¨, wkïi R‡b¥i ci cÖ_gw`‡Ki mßvn¸‡jv‡Z, KbWg nq‡Zv mvaviY GKwU cQ›` n‡Z cv‡i|

Avcbvi hw` †hŠbwgj‡bi mgq e¨v_v nq, Z‡e G e¨vcv‡i Wv³v‡ii mv‡_ †`Lv Ki“b| Avcwb hw` ‡hŠbwgj‡bi Rb¨ L ye WªvB ev ï®‹ †eva K‡ib, Z‡e GKwU jyweªK¨vÛ ev wcw”QjKviK †hgb †KIqvB ‡Rjx eënvi Ki“b| GwU Wvqvd «vg A_ev KbW‡gi mv‡_ eënvi Kiv wbivc`, KviY †ZjwfwËK wcw”QjKviK¸‡jv G¸‡jvi ¶wZ Ki‡Z cv‡i|

105

wkïi R‡b¥i ci KZ ZvovZvwo Avcwb †hŠbwgjb Ki‡eb, A_ev Ki‡Z cvi‡eb Ñ Ges Avcwb hw` Ki‡Z bv Pvb, Z‡e wK n‡e?

kvwiixKfv‡i, hLb Avcbvi lochia (discharge) (†jvwKqv) (wWmPvR©) ev ‡hvbxmªve) eÜ n‡q hv‡e Ges perineum (†cwiwbqvg)ÑG †h ‡Kvb KvUv Ges ‡Q uov Dckg n‡q hv‡e (Gi Av‡M msµg‡Yi Su ywK _v‡K), Zvi ci Avcwb †Kb †hŠbwgjb Ki‡eb bv, Zvi †Kvb KviY ‡bB| ev¯ —e‡¶‡Î, Avcwb nq‡Zv Av‡iv GKUz †ekx mgq A‡c¶v Ki‡Z PvbÑ cyi“l Ges gwnjv‡ì g‡a¨, Zviv KZ ZvovZvwo Zv‡ì ‡hŠbRxeb ïi“ Ki‡Z Pvb, †m wel‡q cv_©K¨ n‡q _v‡K| g‡b ivL yb, Avcbvi g‡a¨ †h †Kvb GKRb A_ev Avcbvi `yÕR‡bB nq‡Zv †hŠbwgj‡bi Rb¨ AZ¨š — K¬vš — †eva Ki‡Z cv‡ibÑ GUv G‡Kev‡iB mvaviY GKwU welq| wb‡Ri mv‡_ ‰ah©¨kxj ‡nvb| Avcwb hw` ey‡Ki `ya LvB‡q _v‡Kb, Z‡e nq‡Zv Avcbvi ¯ —b Ges ¯ —‡bi †e uvUv big _vK‡e| Avcbvi hw` †mjvB †_‡K _v‡K, Z‡e Avcwb nq‡Zv GKwU mg‡qi Rb¨ Kvjwk‡U civ A_ev wech©¯ — †eva Ki‡Z cv‡ib| gvbwmKfv‡e, GKwU `xN ©, K¬vwš —Ki Ges KóKi cÖme, Avcbvi ‡`n Ab¨ GKR‡bi mv‡_ fvMvfvwM Ki‡Z Avcbv‡K Kg cÖ¯‘Z †eva Kiv‡Z cv‡i| .

`yR‡bi †fZ‡i kvwiixK Ges Av‡eMg~jK ¯úk© eRvq ivL yb| †hŠbwgj‡bi Rb¨ we‡kl mg‡qi Av‡qvRb Ki“b Ñ Avcwb Av‡M †hgb ¯^Ztù zZ© wQ‡jb, †ZgbwU nq‡Zv GLb Avi cvi‡eb bv, KviY GLb GKRb wkï i‡q‡Q, hvi nq‡Zv †h †Kvb mgq Avcbvi g‡bv‡hv‡Mi cÖ‡qvRb n‡e|

Avcbviv hw` fv‡jvfv‡e A_ev m¤ú~Y©i ƒ‡c ‡hŠbwgjb Ki‡Z bvI cv‡ib, ZviciI Avcbviv wewfbœ Av‡eMg~jK Dcv‡q, G‡K A‡bï cÖwZ fv‡jvevmv †`Lv‡Z cv‡ib Ñ we‡kl GKwU wWbvi ev iv‡Zi Lvevi (ev †UKI‡q) `yBR‡b wg‡j Lvb Ges ‡avqv‡gvQvi e¨vcviwU c‡ii w`‡bi Rb¨ †i‡L w`b; `yRb `yRb‡K DÏxcK mvov cÖ`vb Ki“b|

Avcbvi Ges Avcbvi wkïi Rb¨ mnvqZv

wkïi R‡b¥i ci 10 w`b ch©š — wgWIqvBd Avcbvi ‡`Lv‡kvbvi `vwq‡Z¡ _v‡Kb, Ges hw` cÖ‡qvRb nq, Z‡e GB mgq Av‡iv evov‡bv hvq|ev¯ —e‡¶‡Î, nvmcvZv‡ji wgWIqvBdMY, Avcbvi †`Lv‡kvbvi fvi, KwgDwbwUi Kv‡Q n¯ —vš —i K‡ib, Ges GKRb A_ev Zvi †P‡q ‡ekx wgWIqvBd, Avcwb nvmcvZvj Z¨vM Kivi ci, Avcbvi mv‡_ evmvq G‡m ‡`Lv Ki‡eb| Avcwb Ges wgWIqvBd Av‡jvPbv K‡i, wgWIqvB‡di ‡`L‡Z Avmvi mgqm~Px wVK K‡i wb‡Z cv‡ib&

cÖvq mKj †¶‡ÎB, kg w ‡bi ci, wgWIqvBdMY Avcbvi † Lv‡kvbvi fvi †nj_& wfwRU‡ii Kv‡Q Ac©Y K‡ib| Gi ci Lye Aí mg‡qi †fZ‡i †nj_& wfwRUi Avcbvi Ges Avcbvi wkïi mv‡_ † Lv Ki‡Z Avm‡eb| †nj_& wfwRU‡ii vwqZ¡ ‡jvi g‡a Ab¨Zg GKwU n‡jv, cuvP eQ‡ii Kg eqmx wkï i‡q‡Q, Ggb

me cwievi¸‡jvi †`Lv‡kvbv Kiv (G QvovI 37 Ges 122 bs c„ôv †`L yb)|

Avcbvi hw` mvaviY IqvwK©s AvIqvi ev ˆ`bw›`b Kv‡Ri mg‡qi evB‡i mnvqZvi cÖ‡qvRb nq, Z‡e wgWIqvBd A_ev †nj_& wfwRUi‡K †dvb Kivi Rb¨ Avcbvi Kv‡Q GKwU †dvb bv¤^vi _vK‡e| Avcbvi †nj_& wfwRUi †dvb Kivi Rb¨ Avcbv‡K GKwU bv¤^vi w`‡eb| G QvovI wZwb Avcbv‡K †ewe wK¬wb‡Ki wel‡q Ges Avcwb KLb wkï‡K immunization (BwgDbvB‡Rkb ev cÖwZ‡ivaK) cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ wb‡q Avm‡eb, Zv Rvbv‡eb| wZwb nq‡Zv Avcbv‡K GKwU PvBì †nj_& †iKW© cÖ`vb Ki‡eb, hv n‡jv Avcbvi wkïi e„w×, ¯^v¯’¨, BwgDbvB‡Rkb Ges Ab¨vbv¨ Av‡iv welq¸‡jvi m¤ú‡K© Z_¨vejx wj‡L ivLvi eB|

Avcbvi hw` wkïi Rb¥ w`‡Z Kómva¨Zv n‡q _v‡K, Z‡e Avcwb nq‡Zv †`L‡eb †h, Avcwb G wel‡q A‡bK wPš —v Ki‡Qb, nq‡Zvev wPš —v Ki‡Qb

†h †Kb GUv NU‡jv| Ggb GKRb, whwb Mf©ve¯’v Ges wkïi R‡b¥i wel‡q Rv‡bb Ges whwb Gi †K ŠkjMZ w`K¸‡jv Avcbvi Kv‡Q e¨L¨v

Ki‡Z cvi‡eb, Zvi mv‡_ Avjvc Ki‡Z cvi‡j Zv Avcbvi Rb¨ Dc Kvix n‡Z cv‡i| Avcwb, Avcbvi wRwc A_ev Avcbvi wgWIqvBd A_ev †nj_ & wfwRUi, Avcbvi KvMRcÎ¸‡jv Avcbvi mv‡_ bv _vK‡j, Zv †c‡Z mg_©

n‡eb, Ges Avcwb GK‡Î KvMc‡Î wjwLZ welq¸‡jv GK GK K‡i Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z cv‡ib|

106


wKQy wKQy gwnjv wkïi R‡b¥i ci †Kb welbœZvq fy‡Mb wkïi R‡b¥i c‡ii mßvn Ges gvm¸‡jv‡Z Postnatal depression (PND) (†cv÷b¨vUvj wW‡cÖkb (wcGbwW)) nIqv †ek mvaviY, hwÌ Gi KviY¸‡jv GL‡bv cy‡ivcywi Rvbv hvqwb| GUv †Kb N‡U Gi nq‡Zv K‡qKwU wfbœ KviY i‡q‡Q, Ges GUv nq‡Zv wfbœ wfbœ iƒc aviY Ki‡Z cv‡i| D`vniY¯îƒc, GKwU KviY nq‡Zv n‡Z cv‡i †h, wkïi R‡b¥i ci bZzb gv‡q‡ì ZvovZvwo ÔmvaviY ev c~‡e©Kvi Ae¯’vq wd‡i AvmviÕ Pvc Ges wb‡R‡K Kg©¶g Ges AvZ¥wek ¦vmx ‡eva Kiv| GKRb gv hLb wb‡R‡K GiKg †eva Ki‡Z cv‡ib bv, ZLb wZwb cÖvqB wb‡R‡K Acivax Ges A¶g e‡j g‡b K‡ib| Zv‡ì Rb¨ nq‡Zv bZzb eÜ z Ges ms‡hvM ˆZix Kiv KóKi n‡q D‡V, Ges GKvKxZ¡ Zv‡ì Rb¨ GKwU eo mgm¨v n‡q DV‡Z cv‡i|

Zviv †h mKj gv‡K †`‡Lb, Zv‡ì‡K nq‡Zv g‡b nq Zviv Av‡iv fv‡jvfv‡e ÔmewKQyi mv‡_ gvwb‡q wb‡”Qb Õ Ñ GUv Zv‡ì‡K †eva‡K Av‡iv Lvivc Ki‡Z cv‡i|

gv‡q‡ì KvQ †_‡K Avkv Kiv nq †h Zviv Zv‡ì wkï‡ì G‡Kev‡i cÖ_g †_‡KB fv‡jvevm‡eb Ges hwÌ cÖvq me gvB GB Abyf~wZ¸‡jvi e„w× †c‡Z Ges Av‡iv cÖMvp n‡Z †`‡L _v‡Kb, wKš‘ gvZ„‡Z¡i ïi“‡Z nq‡Zv GB Abyf~wZ¸‡jv bvI _vK‡Z cv‡i| Gi cwi‡e‡Z© †mLv‡b Abyf~wZi GK ai‡Yi wbwj©ßZv, Aciva‡eva Ges `ytL‡eva KvR K‡i|

wKQy wKQy we‡klÁ g‡b K‡ib †h PND (wcGbwW)-i Rb¨ nq‡Zv ni‡gvb msµvš — ‡Kvb KviY _vK‡Z cv‡i, Ges †h mKj gwnjv G‡Z fy‡M _v‡Kb, Zv‡ì‡K ni‡gvb wPwKrmvi gva¨‡g fv‡jv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

gv‡qiv, Zviv wK iKg †eva K‡ib, Zv gv‡S gv‡S jyKv‡bvi †Póv K‡ib| Zviv Zv‡ì KvQ †_‡K A‡bK ‡ekx Avkv K‡i _v‡Kb, Ges †m¸‡jvi mv‡_ gvwb‡q Pj‡Z bv cvivi Kvi‡Y wb‡R‡ì †`vlv‡ivc K‡i _v‡Kb| GUv GiKg †h PND (wcGbwW) i‡q‡Q, GiKg GKRb gv hw` †`‡Lb †h, Ab¨‡ì mewKQy wVKVvK g‡Zv Pj‡Q, Ges ZviUv wVK g‡Zv Pj‡Q bv, Z‡e GUv Zvi †`v‡l n‡q _vK‡Q|

PND (wcGbwW) Z_vKw_Z ‘baby blues’ (†ewe eyR) †_‡K Avjv`v, hv 103 bs c„ôvq ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| Avcbvi wkïi R‡b¥i ci Avcwb 10 w`b A_ev Zvi †P‡q †ekx mg‡qi Rb¨ nxb †eva K‡ib, Z‡e GKRb ‡nj_& cÖ‡dkbvj ev ¯^v¯’¨ welqK †ckvRxexi mv‡_ K_v ejyb|

107

‡cv÷b¨vUvj wW‡cÖkb ev Rb¥-cieZ©x welbœZv

Avcbvi hw bx‡Pi K‡qKwU DcmM© _v‡K, Z‡e Avcbvi nq‡Zv PND (wcGbwW) i‡q‡Q:

• Avcbvi mgq †K‡U hvq Ñ Avcwb nq‡Zv Nwo‡Z mgq †`L‡jb, wKš‘ eyS‡Z cvi‡Qb bv MZ `yB N›Uv wKfv‡e KvU‡jv

• cÖwZw`b mKv‡j Avcwb N yg †_‡K D‡V Aembœ †eva K‡ib, †hb g‡b nq †h Avcbvi mviv ivZ N yg nq wb

• Avcbvi g‡b nq †h Avcwb Av‡Mi

g‡Zv nvwm VvÆv Ki‡Z cvi‡Qb bv

• ‡Kvb wKQyi cÖwZ gb‡hvM w`‡Z A_ev mvaviY GKwU KvR Av‡qvRb Kiv KóKi n‡q hvq

• Avcbvi wb‡R‡K e¨_© e¨_© g‡b nq • ‡Kvb wRwb‡mi gRvi w`K¸‡jv †`Lv

Avcbvi Rb¨ KóKi n‡q ` uvovq

• Avcwb gv‡S g‡a¨ Amvo †eva K‡ib, †hb g‡b nq Abyf~wZ A_ev AwfÁZv, †Kvb wKQyB Avcbv‡K ¯úk© Ki‡Q bv

• ‡QvU †QvU KvR¸‡jv Ki‡Z A‡bK †ekx cÖ‡Póvi cÖ‡qvRb nq

• ‡QvULv‡Uv wel‡q A_ev †Kvb KviY QvovB Avcwb †K u‡` A_ev AkÖƒ mRj n‡q D‡Vb

• Avcbvi g‡b nq †h Avcwb †Kej Avcbvi cvU©bv‡ii mv‡_B wVK _vK‡Z cvi‡eb, gv‡S g‡a¨ g‡b nq ZvI cvi‡Qb bv|

mvnvh¨ cvIqv †h‡q _v‡K| GgbwU n‡Z cv‡i ‡h PND (wcGbwW)ÑGi wPwKrmvi me‡P‡q ¸i“Z¡c~Y© AskwU eÜ zZ¡ Ges mvgvwRKfv‡e mnvqnZvi welq¸‡jv‡K Aš —f©~³ K‡i| wbw`©ófv‡e, †nj_& wfwRUiMY welbœZvMÖ¯ — gv‡q‡ì ÔIqvb-Uz-IqvbÕ ev ÔGK ev‡i GKRb‡KÕ mnvqZv cÖ`vb K‡i _v‡Kb Ges PND (wcGbwW) (GQvoI hviv GKvKx, Aemv`MÖ¯ — A_ev wew”Qbœ) i‡q‡Q, G ai‡Yi bZzb gvZv‡ì MÖ“c MVb K‡ib, †hLv‡b Zviv G‡K Ab¨‡K Rvbvi gva¨‡g, Ges Zv‡ì cwiw¯’wZi wel‡q †Pbv cwi‡e‡k K_v ejvi gva¨‡g mvnvh¨ †c‡q _v‡Kb|

Avcbvi Wv³vi nq‡Zv Avcbv‡K anti-depressants (A¨vw›U wW‡cÖmv›U) w`‡Z cv‡ib| wKQy wKQy anti- depressants(A¨vw›U wW‡cÖmv›U), wkï‡K ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bv Ae¯’vq Gwo‡q Pj‡Z cvi‡jB me‡P‡q fv‡jv e‡j we‡ePbv Kiv nq| hvB †nvK, mKj we‡klÁ Gi cÖ‡qv‡Mi wel‡q GKgZ bb|

GB Jly‡li Kvh©KvwiZv nq‡Zv `ya ch©š — †cŠQ‡Z cv‡i, wKš‘ dg©yjv †`qv ïi“ Kiv wkïi `xN ©‡gqv`x ¯^v‡¯’ï ‡¶‡Î eo ai‡Yi cÖfve †dj‡Z cv‡i| GB cÖ‡kœi †Kvb ‡mvRvmywR DËi †bB, ZvB Avcwb †KvbwU †e‡Q †b‡eb, Zvi Rb¨ Avcbvi Wv³v‡ii mv‡_ Avjvc Kiv DwPZ|

GB †¶‡Î Psychotherapy (mvB‡Kv‡_ivcx)I KvR K‡i _v‡K e‡j †`Lv †M‡Q| Gi gva¨‡g GKRb †_ivwc‡÷i mv‡_ GKRb gv nIqvi AwfÁZv Ges Avcbvi ˆkk‡e Ges Zvi ci wK n‡qwQj, †m¸‡jvI Avjvc Kiv nq| ‡Kvb †Kvb mgq gvZ„Z¡‡eva Avgv‡ì Ggb wKQy AwfÁZv‡K ¯úk© K‡i, †h¸‡jvi m¤ú‡K© Avgiv fy‡j †MwQ A_ev cÖKvk Kwiwb| GUv aviYv Kiv nq †h GB me AgxgvswkZ Av‡e¸‡iv wel‡q eë¯’v †bqv n‡j Zv PNDÑGi †¶‡Î DcKvix n‡q _v‡K|

me‡P‡q †h welqwU g‡b ivLv ¸i“Z¡c~Y© Zv n‡jv PND mviv‡bv hvq| bxi‡e G‡Z fyM‡Z _vKvi †Kvb A_© †bB| Avcbvi hw` g‡b nq, Avcbvi nq‡Zv mvnv‡hï cÖ‡qvRb, Z‡e Avcbvi †nj_ & wfwRUi, wgWIqvBd A_ev Wv³v‡ii mv‡_ K_v ejyb|

‘Avwg RvbZvgI bv †h Avgvi †cv÷b¨vUvj wW‡cÖkb i‡q‡Q... GU GLb wek ¦vm Ki‡ZI Kó jv‡M| Avwg Aek¨B PND (wcGbwW)ÑGi m¤ú‡K© ï‡bwQ, Avgvi m¤úK©hy³ GK‡evb G‡Z fy‡M‡QI| wKš‘ GUv hLb Avgvi Abyf~wZ‡Z nvbv w`‡qwQj, Avgvi †Lqvj Av‡Q, Avgvi wKQy n‡q‡Q Zv g‡b bv K‡i, Avwg †eva KiZvg †h, Avgvi wKQyB wVK ‡bB| Avwg Lvwj g‡b KiZvg †h, Avwg GKRb Lye fv‡jv gv bv, †Rv‡md GKwU `ytmn, AwaKvsk mgq †R‡M _vKv GKwU wkï, Ges Avgvi gvwb‡q Pjvi Rb¨ A‡bK †ekx| Avgvi g‡b Av‡Q, Avgvi wb‡R‡K †U‡b †U‡b Pj‡Z n‡Zv, Ò¯^vfvweKÓ n‡q Pjv‡div Kivi Rb¨ Avgvi A‡bK kw³ P‡j †h‡Zv| †kl ch©š —, Avgvi †nj_& wfwRUi Avg‡K mvnvh¨ †bIqvi Rb¨ DrmvwnZ K‡iwQ‡jb| wZwb eyS‡Z †c‡iwQ‡jb †h, mewKQyi †hgb nIqv ìKvi, me †Zgb Pj‡Q bv, Ges Zvi mv‡_ Avwg ‡Kgb †eva Kwi Ges Ab¨vb¨ wel‡q K_v ewj| Avgvi Wv³vi Avgv‡K mvnvh¨ K‡ib, Z‡e Avwg fv‡jv n‡q ‡MwQ, Zv †eva Ki‡Z K‡qK gvm mgq †j‡MwQj|

A v ‡ e M

108

wcDi‡civj mvB‡Kvwmm LyeB weij †¶‡Î , gv‡qiv gvbwmK Amy ’Zvi GB gvivZ¥K aiYwU‡Z f~‡M _v‡Kb, hv puerperal psychosis (hv wcDi‡civj mvB‡Kvwmm) bv‡g cwiwPZ| GwU 1000 bZzb gv‡q‡ì ‡fZ‡i 1 †_‡K 2 R‡bi †¶‡Î N‡U _v‡K| GUv PND (wcGbwW) †_‡K Avjv`v Ges Gi Rb¨ Avjv`v wPwKrmvi cÖ‡qvRb

GB Amy¯’Zvq Avµvš — gv‡qiv, memgq a‡i, ev¯ —‡ei mv‡_ m¤úK©nxb n‡q †h‡Z cv‡ib| mvaviYfv‡e, Zviv A™ ¢yZ A™ ¢yZ aviYv jvf K‡i _v‡Kb Ges/A_ev Zv‡ì hallucinations (†njywm‡bkbm&) n‡q _v‡K| Zvi nq‡Zv AZ¨š — D`¨gx n‡Z cv‡ib, A_ev G‡Kev‡i cÖvYkw³nxb n‡q †h‡Z cv‡ib| Zv‡ì mv‡_ Nwbô †h †Kvb Kv‡iv Kv‡Q, Zviv †h Amy¯’ Zv cwi®‹vi n‡q hvq| (GUv postnatal depression (‡cv÷b¨vUvj wW‡cÖkb) †_‡K Avjv`v, †hLv‡b Gi DcmM©¸‡jv `xN © mgq a‡i jywK‡q ivLv hvq| Gi Rb¨ psychiatric (mvBwµqvwUK) wPwKrmvi cÖ‡qvRb, Ges gv‡K nq‡Zv nvmcvZv‡j fwZ© nIhv jvM‡Z cv‡i, nq‡Zvev mv‡_ Zvi wkï mn, hw` †mLv‡b GKB mv‡_ wkïi †`Lv‡kvbvi eë¯’v _v‡K|

cvU©bvi Ges †cv÷b vUvj wW‡cÖkb

c v U© b v i

gwnjviv hLb Postnatal depression (†cv÷b¨vUvj wW‡cÖkb)ÑG fy‡M _v‡Kb, ZLb Zv‡ì Rb¨ cvU©bviiv we‡kl ¸i“Z¡c~Y©| cvU©bviB n‡Z cv‡ib GKgvÎ e¨w³, GKgvÎ whwb welbœZvMÖ¯ — gwnjvwUi mv‡_ Ae¯’vb K‡i _v‡Kb Ñ Ges ZvB Zvi K‡ói m¤ú~Y© cÖfve ey‡S _vK‡Z cv‡ib| cvU©bviMY wb‡RivI ivMvwš^Z n‡q †h‡Z cv‡ib, Ges Zv‡ìI mvnv‡hï cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i| GB welbœZv †_‡K gyw³ cvIqvi Rb¨ Zv‡ì fv‡jvevmv Ges ‡cÖiYv Aek¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq Ges mvnvh¨ †bIqvi wel‡q Zv‡ì mwbe©Ü Aby‡iva, GB c‡_i cÖ_g c`‡¶c wn‡m‡e cwiMwYZ n‡Z cv‡i| GKRb gwnjv hw` wPwKrmv jv‡fi Rb¨ hvb ZLb hw` Zvi mv‡_ cvU©bvi _v‡K, Z‡e †mUv Zvi Rb¨ DcKvix nq|

&GKRb cvU©bvi nq‡Zv Kbmv‡ëkb ev civgk© †bIqvi mgq wK K_v n‡qwQj, Zv c‡i g‡b Kwi‡q †`qvi Rb¨, Zv Av‡iv fv‡jv g‡b ivL‡Z cv‡ib|

mv¤cÖwZK M‡elYvq †`Lv †M‡Q †h, cyi“livI evev nevi ci welbœZvq fyM‡Z cv‡ib| Gi KviY GLbI cy‡ivcywi Rvbv hvq wb, Z‡e cyi“livI KvD‡Ýwjs ev †_ivcxi gva¨‡g DcK…Z n‡Z cv‡ib| G wel‡q Avcbvi Wv³v‡ii mv‡_ K_v ejyb|

109


ev_ (†Mvmj) Kiv‡bv, b¨vcx e`jv‡bv, RvgvKvco civ‡bv

cÖ_g Ae ’vq wkï‡K ev_ Kiv‡Z wM‡q Avcbvi wKQyUv fq fq n‡Z cv‡i| wkïwU KwP Ges ZzjZz‡j| ZvB Avcbvi fq nIqvUv ^vfvweK GB Kvi‡Y †h, KwP wkï‡K ev_ Kiv‡Z wM‡q bv Rvwb †Kvb& mgmv NwU‡q †d‡jb| Z‡e mgq Pjvi mv‡_ mv‡_ Avcbvi mvnm evo‡Z _vK‡e|

Ôgv_v †_‡K cvÕ ch©šÍ gy‡Q †bIqv

KwP wkï‡K ev_ Kiv‡bvi weKí wnmv‡e w`‡b GK A_ev `yBevi wkïi Ôgv_v †_‡K cvÕ ch©šÍ gy‡Q wb‡Z cv‡ib, hv mn‡RB I `ª“Z K‡i †bIqv hvq| GBRb¨ Avcbvi cÖ‡qvRb n‡e:

• Zzjv A_ev `yBwU big, cwi®‹vi Kvco

• GK eDj nvjKv Mig cvwb

• cª‡qvRbvbymv‡i GKwU bZzb b¨vcx Ges cwi®‹vi RvgvKvco

• AveR©bv †djvi web ev cvÎ| cÖ_‡g Avcbvi nvZ ay‡q wbb| wkï‡K wPr Ae¯’vq ïB‡q wb‡q b¨vcx ev‡` Mv‡qi RvgvKvco Ly‡j wbb|

GB mgq ‡Zvqv‡j w`‡q †cwQ‡q ivL‡j KwP wkïiv Dò Ges Avivg ‡eva K‡i|

wkïi gyL, Mjv Ges Kvb gy‡Q wbb| Gi c‡i Zzjv A_ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv Kvco wKsev †Zvqv‡j w`‡q kix‡ii cvwb Zz‡j wbb|

Gi c‡i eMj, nvZ I evû gy‡Q wbb| Av‡Mi g‡Zv cvwb Zz‡j wbb|

b¨vcx Ly‡j wbb| m`¨ Rb¥cÖvß KwP wkïi †¶‡Î bvwfi (KW© ÷v¤ú) w`‡q †Kvb wKQy wbM©Z n‡q _vK‡j, Zv cwi®‹vi K‡i wbb|

wkïi wbgœvsk Ges †hŠbv½ ay‡q cwi®‹vi K‡i wbb| ‡g‡qwkïi †¶‡Î cwi®‹vi wfRv Kvco w`‡q mvg‡bi w`K †_‡K wcQ‡bi w`‡K †gvQv †`‡eb| ‡Zvqv‡j w`‡q bv N‡l Pvc w`‡q w`‡q cvwb Zz‡j wbb| Ôb¨vcx ivkÕ cÖwZ‡iv‡ai Rb¨ PvB‡j cÖwZ‡laK wµg eënvi Ki“b| bZzb b¨vcx jvwM‡q RvgvKvco cwi‡q wbb|

wkïi cwi®‹vi cwi”QbœZvq mv`v cvwb A_ev wkï‡ì Rb¨ ˆZwi MÜnxb cÖmvabx (Uq‡jwUªR) eënvi Ki‡eb| R‡b¥i

c‡ii GK `yB mßvn wkïi Z¡‡K †Kv‡bv wKQy gvLv‡bvi ìKvi nq bv| H mgq wkï‡ì Z¡K †_‡K GK ai‡bi

c`v_© wbM©Z nq hv Z¡K‡K i¶v K‡i| ZvB myMÜxhy³ †Kv‡bv wKQy gvLv‡j ev ¶wZKi cÖmvabx eënvi Ki‡j wkïi Z¡‡Ki

wbR¯^ cÖwZi¶v eë¯’v ¶wZMÖ¯Í n‡Z cv‡i|

110

wbqwgZ hZœ

cÖ‡kœi Reve cÖ. Avwg wKfv‡e wkïi Pzj †aŠZ Ki‡ev? D. Avcbvi wkïi gv_vq hw` †Zgb †ewk Pzj bv _v‡K, Zvn‡j ev_

Kiv‡bvi mgq wkïi gv_vi Z¡‡K nvZ A_ev RM w`‡q cvwb †X‡j Zv †aŠZ K‡i †b‡eb| j¤^v PzjIqvjv wkï‡ì ‡¶‡Î GK †dvuUv wbgœ -kw³i I Kg Kov (gvBì) k¨v¤úy ‡fRv Pz‡j jvwM‡q wb‡q cÖ_‡g †dbvi AveiY ˆZwi K‡i ‡b‡eb| Gi c‡i Zv cvwb w`‡q cwi®‹vi †b‡eb| Pzj ‡avqvi mgq ev‡_i Dc‡i Avcbvi GK nvZ w`‡q †kvqv‡bv Ae¯’vq wkï‡K Rwo‡q a‡i Ab¨ nvZ w`‡q gv_vq cvwb Xvj‡eb| weKí Dcvq wnmv‡e GKwU †Zvqv‡j w`‡q wkï‡K Rwo‡q wb‡Z cv‡ib, Ges Zvici GK nvZ w`‡q ev‡_i Dci wkï‡K a‡i ‡i‡L Ab¨ nvZ w`‡q ay‡q wb‡Z cv‡ib|

wkïi gv_vq Rb¥Kvjxb ˆZjv³, KoK‡o gqjvi AveiY †j‡M _vK‡j †ewe I‡qj A_ev †fwRU¨v‡evj I‡qj (†Zj) jvwM‡q Zv big K‡i wbb| Zvici cvwb w`‡q ay‡q mvd K‡i wbb|

ev_ Kiv‡bv Avcbv‡K hv hv Ki‡Z n‡e - Ges Avcbvi †hme welq ‡R‡b †bIqv ìKvi!

• VvÛv evZvmgy³ nvjKv Mig i“‡g ev_ Kiv‡eb|

• cÖ‡qvRbxq me mvgMÖx hv‡Z bvMv‡ji g‡a¨ _v‡K, Zv wbwðZ K‡i †b‡eb| KwP wkï‡K A_ev nvuUv wkL‡Q Ggb †Kv‡bv wkï‡K ev‡_i g‡a¨ KL‡bvB GKv †i‡L P‡j hv‡eb bv| G‡Z wkïwU Wy‡e †h‡Z cv‡i| ‡Kv‡bv wKQy Avbvi Rb¨ †h‡Z n‡j A_ev †dvb aivi ìKvi n‡j, wkï‡K †Zvqv‡j w`‡q †cwQ‡q mv‡_ K‡i wb‡q hv‡eb|

• †ewe ev‡_ ev eo ev‡_, †hLv‡bB ev_

Kivb bv †Kb, cÖ_‡g VvÛv cvwb Ges c‡i Mig cvwb Xvj‡eb| cvwb‡Z Avcbvi KzbyB jvwM‡q cvwbi ZvcgvÎv hvPvB K‡i †b‡eb| Avcwb Dò Ges Avivg †eva K‡ib Ggb ZvcgvÎvi cvwb eënvi Ki‡eb|

• GK nvZ w`‡q wkïi gv_v I Kuva a‡i ‡i‡L cwb‡Z wPr Ae¯’vq a‡i ivLyb|

• Ab¨ nvZ w`‡q wkïi kixi wfwR‡q wbb Ges GKwU cwi®‹vi †Zvqv‡j w`‡q Avj‡Zv K‡i kixi g‡`© wbb|

• PvB‡j wkïi kix‡i Kg Kov (gvBì) mvevb A_ev Ô†ewe ev_ wjKzBWÕ eënvi Ki‡Z cv‡ib, Z‡e R‡b¥i ci GK `yB mßvn Zv eënv‡ii ‡Zgb cÖ‡qvRb nq bv|

• cvwb-PzlK GKwU eo †Zvqv‡j w`‡q wkïi kix‡ii cvwb Zz‡j wbb| Gi c‡i RvgvKvco cwi‡q wbb|

‡R‡b ivLyb: Avcwb wb‡R ev_ Kivi mgqI Avcbvi mv‡_ wkï‡K ev‡_ wb‡Z cvi‡eb, Z‡e cvwb †ewk Mig n‡Z cvi‡e bv| GB‡¶‡Î cÖ_‡g Avcwb ev‡_ bvg‡eb| Gi c‡i Ab¨ †KD ‡hb wkï‡K Avcbvi nv‡Z Zz‡j †`b| ev_ †_‡K DVvi mgq cÖ_‡g Ab¨ †KD ‡hb wkï‡K Avcbvi nvZ †_‡K †bb Ges Gi c‡i Avcwb ev_ †_‡K bvg‡eb|

111

b¨vcx GKevi eënvi K‡i †d‡j w`‡Z nq Ggb (wWm‡cv‡R‡evj) b¨vcx mvaviYZ myweavRbK, Z‡e ay‡q cybivq eënvi‡hvM¨ (Iqv‡k‡evj) b¨vcxi Zzjbvq (Ggb wK b¨vcxi `vg I †avqvi †gvU LiP ‡hvM Ki‡jI) eënv‡ii ci †d‡j w`‡Z nq Ggb b¨vcxi `vg †ewk| Ab¨w`‡K GKevi eënv‡ii ci †d‡j w`‡Z nq Ggb b¨vcx mn‡R cu‡P bv| cwi‡ek i¶vi Av‡›`vj‡b wb‡qvwRZ †jvKiv e‡j _v‡K †h, G¸‡jv gqjv AveR©bv cy‡Z ivLvi RvqMv Ry‡o iv‡L, cuP‡Z A‡bK eQi ‡bq, Ges GLv‡b †mLv‡b †d‡j ‡Ìqvi Kvi‡Y ¯^v‡¯’ï ¶wZ K‡i| hw` Avcwb mywZ Kvc‡oi ˆZwi Ges ay‡q wb‡q cybivq eënvi‡hvM¨ b¨vcx eënvi Ki‡Z Pvb, Zvn‡j Avcbvi wbR evwo‡ZB Zv ay‡q ïwK‡q wb‡Z cvi‡eb, A_ev ‡Kv‡bv b¨vcx jwÛª mvwf©m eënvi Ki‡Z cvi‡eb, hw` Zv Avcbvi Av‡kcv‡k _v‡K| b¨vcx jwÛª mvwf©m cÖwZevi gqjvhy³ b¨vcx ‡i‡L w`‡q cwi®‹vi b¨vcx †`‡e| Avcbvi wkïi cvqLvbv cÖ_g Ae¯’vq Avcbvi wkï meyR A_ev Kv‡jv is Gi g‡Zv AvVv‡jv cvqLvbv Ki‡e | GwU‡K ejv nq meconium (†g‡Kvwbqvg)| GK yB mßvn hvIqvi ci Zv e ‡j wM‡q ûjy is Gi big I gm„Y iƒc jvf Ki‡e| †evZ‡ji ya cvb K‡i Ggb wkï‡ i cvqLvbv A‡bKUv cwiYZ Ges †dKv‡k ev vgx is Gi n‡Z cv‡i| wKQy dg©yjv wgé wkï‡ì cvqLvbvi is meyR K‡i Zz‡j| †evZ‡ji `ya cvb K‡i Ggb wkï‡ì cvqLvbv gv‡Sg‡a¨ meyR is Gi n‡Z cv‡i, hv wPšÍbxq †Kv‡bv e¨vcvi bq|

A‡bK wkïiB Ôb¨vcx ivkÕ †`Lv †`q| b¨vcx iv‡ki j¶Y¸‡jv n‡jv, †`‡ni †h AskwU b¨vcxi Øviv XvKv _v‡K †mB Ask jvj n‡q hvq A_ev ¯úk© Ki‡j e¨_v nq|

hZ ZvovZvwo m¤¢e †bvsiv b¨vcx e`‡j †b‡eb| wkïi †`‡ni wbgœvsk fvj K‡i cwi®‹vi K‡i Ges ï®‹ K‡i wb‡q b¨vcx jvMv‡j Ôb¨vcx ivkÕ nIqvi m¤¢vebv Kg _v‡K| Ab¨w`‡K b¨vcx bv jvMv‡bv Ae¯’vq wkï‡K LvwbK¶Y nvZ cv †Qvovi my‡hvM w`‡jI

Zv Ôb¨vcx ivkÕ cÖwZ‡iv‡a mvnvh¨ Ki‡e| gv‡Sg‡a¨ m¤¢eZ _ªvk RxevYyi (GK ai‡bi msµvgK †ivM hv ¯¿x A‡½ ev gy‡L nq) Øviv Ôb¨vcx ivk, msµvwgZ n‡q _v‡K|

Avcbvi †nj_ wfwRUvi A_ev Wv³v‡ii mv‡_ †`Lv Ki‡eb|

112

RvgvKvco Ñ wkïi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq wKQy RvgvKvco KwP Ae¯’vq wkï‡K mv`vwm`v wWRvB‡bi RvgvKvco civ‡eb †h¸‡jv b¨vcx e`jv‡bvi Rb¨ mn‡R †Lvjv ev jvMv‡bv hvq (†hgb ai“b, wUc †evZvg jvMv‡bv RvgvKvco)

cÖ_g wZb gv‡m Avcbvi wkïi Rb¨ AšÍZc‡¶ †hme RvgvKvco jvM‡e †m¸‡jvi GKwU ZvwjKv wb‡P ‡Ìqv n‡jv:

• cuvPwU Aj-Bb-Iqvb †÷ªPmyÜ

• cuvPwU †MwÄ (†f÷)

• wZbwU KvwW©Mvb ev g¨vwUwb R¨v‡KU • kvj (Pvì)

• cÖv‡gi weQvbv Ñ PviwU weQvbvi Pvì, yBwU evs‡KU

• K‡Ui weQvbv Ñ PviwU weQvbvi Pvì, yBwU evs‡KU

• gv_vi n¨vU Ñ kxZKv‡j Rb¥MÖnYKvix wkïi gv_vq VvÛv bv jvMvi Rb¨, mvb‡nU Ñ MigKv‡j Rb¥MÖnYKvix wkïi gv_vq †iv` bv jvMvi Rb¨|

• b¨vcx

• `yBwU †Zvqv‡j, IqvkK ¬_, QqwU K ¬_ (gmwj‡bi A_ev big myZvi ˆZwi) LvIqv‡bvi c‡i Ges LvIqv‡bvi mgq gyQvi Rb¨)

wZb gvm cvi nIqvi ci wKQy RvgvKvco nq‡Zv wkïi Mv‡q Avi jvM‡e bv| wKQy w`b hvIqvi ci Avcbvi wkï‡K nq‡Zv cÖv‡g ev K‡U me mgq †d‡j ivL‡eb bv| ZLb Zvi Rb¨ ìKvi n‡e cv‡qi †gvRv, ewne©vm (wfZ‡ii Kvc‡oi Dc‡i civi Kvco)| Avcwb nq‡Zv mÜ¨vi mgq wkï‡K ev_ Kwi‡q wb‡q Nyg cvov‡bvi Af¨vm M‡o Zzj‡eb| ZvB wkïi Rb¨ Nygv‡bvi mgq cwiav‡bi wKQy Kvco (bvBUK ¬_)-I ìKvi n‡e| wkïwU hLb k³ Lvevi (mwjW dzW) LvIqv ïi“ Ki‡e, ZLb Zvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb n‡e wKQy ÔweeÕ Gi Ñ cÖvq ev‡ivwU ÔweeÕ Gi cÖ‡qvRb n‡e|

evošÍ wkï nvuUv wkL‡Q Ggb wkïiv Lye ZvovZvwo RvgvKvco †bvsiv K‡i †d‡j| ZvB GB eq‡mi ‡Kv‡bv wkïi Rb¨ K‡qK †mU AwZwi³ RvgvKvco ivL‡Z n‡e| Avcbvi wkï hLb evB‡i wM‡q nvuUvnuvwU Ki‡e, ZLb Zvi Rb¨ RyZvi cÖ‡qvRb n‡e| wkïi cv‡qi ˆ`N©¨ Ges cÖ‡¯’i gvc wb‡q mwVK mvB‡Ri RyZv Lwi` Ki‡eb| wZb †_‡K Pvi gvm ci ci RyZv hvPvB K‡i wb‡q Zv †QvU n‡q †M‡Q wK bv †`‡L †b‡eb| fvj RyZvi †`vKv‡b †M‡j wkïi cv‡q RyZv wVK g‡Zv jvM‡Q wK bv, Zv webvg ~‡j¨ cix¶v K‡i †b‡e| GBRb¨ Avcbv‡K Zv‡ì KvQ †_‡K bZzb RyZv Lwi` Ki‡Z n‡e bv| ZvÕQvov cv‡qi ‡gvRvI hv‡Z wVK g‡Zv jv‡M, Zv wbwðZ K‡i †b‡eb|

113

wkïi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq AvmevecÎ

GKUz ‡ewk eq‡m cÖ‡qvRbxq AvmevecÎ AvbygvwbK wZb eQi eq‡mi AwaKvsk wkïi RbB Avi ÔwµeÕ Gi (wkï‡K Nyg cvov‡bvi Rb S~wo AvKv‡ii weQvbvi) cÖ‡qvRb nq bv| ZLb ‡_‡K Zvi Rb eo mvB‡Ri GKwU KU jvM‡e| AvbygvwbK Qq gvm eqm †_‡K wkïi Rb GKwU nvB †Pqv‡ii (DuPz †Pqv‡ii) cÖ‡qvRb n‡e|

Avcbvi wkï m¤¢eZ `yB †_‡K wZb eQ‡ii g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv GK mg‡q KU †Q‡o weQvbvq Nygv‡bv ïi“ Ki‡e (117bs c„ôv †`Lyb)|

cwieZ©bmg~n

‡ewe w¯s (wkï †eówb) cÖvg Ges/A_ev jvB-e¨vK cyk‡Pqv‡ii Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq mvgMÖx

G¸‡jv mvaviYZ R‡b¥i ciciB eënvi Kiv ‡h‡Z cv‡i (mvg‡bi w¯ s)| G¸‡jv w`‡q wkï‡K †`‡ni mv‡_ ‡cwQ‡q ‡i‡L Pj‡Z cvi‡eb, Ges Avcbvi nvZ I evû gy³ _vK‡e| wc‡V †cwQ‡q ivLvi w¯ s (e¨vK c¨vK) AwaKZi ‡ewk eq‡mi wkï‡ì Rb¨ eënvi Kiv nq, hviv gv_v I Mjv wbqš¿‡Y ivL‡Z m¶g| Rxeb-mv_x‡K (¯^vgx ev ¯¿x‡K) mv‡_ wb‡q K‡qK ai‡bi w¯ s hvPvB K‡i wb‡q GKwU Dchy³ w¯ s Lwi` Ki‡eb|

• VvÛv AvenvIqvq wkï‡K cÖv‡g K‡i evB‡i wb‡q †M‡j Zvi Dci cvZjv e vs‡K‡Ui `yB cÖ¯Í AveiY w`‡Z n‡e| Av‡iv jvM‡e e„wó‡Z bv †fRvi Rb¨ cvwb‡ivaK AveiY, Ges Zvi kix‡ii wb‡P GKwU Pvì| nvjKv IR‡bi cyk‡Pqv‡ii ‡¶‡Î e vs‡K‡Ui Av‡iv †ewk AveiY w`‡Z n‡e Ges gvivZ¥K VvÛv AvenvIqvq Gi †_‡KI †ewk Avei‡Yi cÖ‡qvRb n‡e| Avcbvi wkïi wb‡P I Ges Dc‡i GKwU K‡i e vs‡KU mn Kvc‡oi ˆZwi (†dweªK) cyk‡Pqvi A_ev wbPz cyk‡Pqvi myweavRbK n‡e|

wkï‡K gvÎvwZwi³ Mi‡gi g‡a¨ ivL‡eb bv | evBi †_‡K wfZ‡i Avmvi ci wkï‡K cÖv‡g A_ev cyk‡Pqv‡iB †i‡L w`‡j (m¤¢eZ †m Nywg‡q _vKvi Kvi‡Y), kix‡ii Dc‡ii †h †Kv‡bv AveiY mwi‡q †b‡eb Ges †h †Kv‡bv ai‡bi fvix ewne©vm (R¨v‡KU, Rv¤úvi) Ly‡j †b‡eb|

• Mig Kv‡j DËß AvenvIqvq GKwU mvb K¨v‡bvwc (†iv` AvUKv‡bvi c`©v) A_ev c¨viv‡mvj (‡iv` AvUKv‡bvi GK ai‡bi c`©v) eënvi Kiv fvj| Ges Lye Mig AvenvIqvq Zv AZ¨šÍ cÖ‡qvRbxq| m ~‡h©i Av‡jv hv‡Z Avcbvi wkïi Dci mivmwi bv c‡o, Zv me©`v wbwðZ K‡i †b‡eb|

• GKwU kwcs †Uª A_ev kwcs ev‡¯‹U

(evRvinvU ivLvi Szwo) ivL‡j fvj n‡e| we‡kl K‡i cÖv‡gi ev cyk‡Pqv‡ii wb‡P AweKj ¯’vcb Kiv hvq (wdU n‡q hvq) Ggb ‡Uª ev ev‡¯‹U n‡j fvj nq| G‡Z Lwi`K …Z `ªe¨ Øviv ev‡¯‹U c ~Y© n‡q †M‡jI Avcbvi wkïi †gvPovgyPwoi Kvi‡Y cyk‡Pqvi D‡ë hv‡e bv|

• wkï‡K cyk‡Pqv‡i ev cÖv‡g AvUwK‡q ivLvi Rb¨ GKwU Ô‡mBdwU nv‡b©mÕ jvM‡e| Lye KwP wkï‡ì †¶‡Î Ô†mBdwU nv‡b©‡miÕ cÖ‡qvRb †bB, KviY GB eq‡mi wkïiv cÖv‡g ev cyk †Pqv‡i me mgqB ï‡q _v‡K| Z‡e A‡bKUv †ewk eq‡mi wkï Ges nvuUv wkL‡Q Ggb wkï‡ì Rb¨ Zv AZ¨šÍ cÖ‡qvRbxq| ZvÕQvov , wkï‡K ÔnvB †Pqv‡iÕ AvUwK‡q ivLvi RbI GKwU Ô†mBdwU nv‡b©‡miÕ cÖ‡qvRb n‡e|

114


Ny‡gi Af¨vm, Ges KvbœvKvwUi e¨vcv‡i wK wK Ki‡eb m`¨ Rb¥cÖvß wkïiv Lye ‡ewk n‡j G‡KK ev‡i GK `yB N›Uv Nygvq| Ab¨w`‡K iv‡Z Zv‡ì‡K `ya cvb Kiv‡bvi cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i, hv A¯^vfvweK †Kv‡bv e¨vcvi bq| wkï‡K `ya cvb Kiv‡bvi ci Avcwb wb‡R hZ ZvovZvwo m¤¢e Nywg‡q †M‡j, Avcbvi Rb¨ Zv fvj n‡e| wkï mRvM nIqvi ci jvBU R ¡vjv‡eb bv A_ev wkïi b¨vcx e`jv‡eb bv, hw`bv Avcwb Zv AwZ Ri“ix nq| wkï‡K Avcbvi wb‡Ri weQvbvq wb‡q `ya cvb Kiv‡eb| G‡Z Avcwb wb‡RI Avivg Ki‡Z cvi‡eb Ges wkïI Avivg †eva Ki‡e|

cÖ_g K‡qK gvm Avcbvi cv‡k ÔK‡UÕ A_ev Ôwµ‡eÕ wkï‡K Nyg cvov‡Z cv‡ib| Gi c‡i PvB‡j Avjv`v i“‡g K‡Ui g‡a¨ †kvqv‡Z cvi‡eb| wkï Avjv`v i“‡g _vK‡j wKQy gv -evevi fvj Nyg nq| Avcbvi Rb¨ hv myweavRbK nq ZvB Ki‡eb,

Z‡e wkï Kv‡Q _vK‡j Avcwb Zvi Kvbœv ïb‡Z cv‡eb Ges mv‡_ mv‡_B Lvevi w`‡q Zv‡K w¯’i K‡i wb‡Z cvi‡eb| g‡b Ki‡eb bv †h, G‡Z ÔAf¨vm LvivcÕ n‡q †h‡Z cv‡i| mviv we‡k ¦i (Ges BwZnv‡mi Rb¥jMœ †_‡K) me gv‡qivB Zv K‡i‡Qb Ges Ki‡Qb, A_©vr wkïiv gv‡qi cv‡kB Nygvq|

w`‡bi ‡ejvq KwP wkï‡ì‡K cÖv‡g A_ev evmM„‡ni †h †Kv‡bv ¯’v‡b GKwU K¨vwi-K‡U (enb‡hvM¨ Sywo‡Z) Nyg cvov‡bv hv‡e| Z‡e eqm evo‡Z _vKvKv‡j cvwicvwk ¦©K AvIqvR Ges ‰n‰P Gi Kvi‡Y Ny‡g Amyweav nIqvi m¤¢vebvI evo‡Z _vK‡e| ZLb nq‡Zv †eWi“‡gB wkïi fvj Nyg n‡e|

eo nIqvi mv‡_ mv‡_ wkï‡ì Ny‡gi Af¨v‡m cwieZ©b Avm‡Z _v‡K, Z‡e me eq‡mi wkï‡ì †¶‡ÎB GB Af¨v‡m e¨vcK e¨wZµg cwijw¶Z nq| Avcbvi wkï w`‡b K‡qK evi Nygv‡e, ïaygvÎ LvIqvi mgq Nyg †_‡K DV‡e Ges KvbœvKvwU Ki‡e bv, mvgvwRK n‡e, GgbUv Avkv Kiv hyw³msMZ n‡e bv| Aí msL¨K wkï GB ai‡bi AvPiY Ki‡Z cv‡i Z‡e AwaKvsk wkïB Zv K‡i bv|

cÖ‡Z¨K wkïB †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv †ewk Nygv‡Z PvB‡e, ‡Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv w`b Avevi †ewk mRvM _vK‡Z PvB‡e| weKv‡j Ges mÜ¨v‡ejvq A‡bK wkïi Aw¯’iZv I Ave`vi †e‡o †h‡Z cv‡i| ZvB H mgq G‡ì cÖwZ †ewk g‡bv‡hvM cÖ`v‡bi cÖ‡qvRb nq|

hw` †Kv‡bv wkïi ‡Pv‡L Nyg Nyg fve _v‡K hv mvaviYZ Zvi g‡a¨ †`Lv hvq bv, Zvn‡j g‡b Ki‡eb †h wkïwUi nq‡Zv †Kv‡bv AmyL n‡q‡Q|

115

Nygv‡bv Ges KvbœvKvwU

KU †W_ Ñ S ~yuwK Kgv‡bv ¯‹Uj¨v‡Û KU †W_ A_ev nVvr AcÖZ¨vwkZ fv‡e cÖ‡Z¨K eQi 50wU wkïi g„Zz¨ nq| KU †W_ LyeB weij| Gi KviY GL‡bv Avgv‡ì Rvbv †bB| Z‡e KU †W‡_i m¤¢vebv Kgv‡bvi wKQy Dcvq Rvbv Av‡Q| Dcvq¸‡jv n‡jv:

• wkï‡K wPr K‡i †kvqv‡eb|

• Mf©ve¯’vq A_ev Gi c‡i a~gcvb Ki‡eb bv| hw` evm¯’vb aygcvb gy³ ivLv m¤¢e bv nq, Zvn‡j wkïi Nygv‡bvi ¯’v‡b KL‡bvB a~gcvb Ki‡eb bv| ‡KqviviMYI (†mevhZœKvixiI) †hb wkïi wbK‡U aygcvb bv K‡ib|

• K‡Ui g‡a¨ wkï‡K Ggb fv‡e †kvqv‡eb

hv‡Z Zvi cv K‡Ui wcQ‡bi cÖvšÍ †N‡l _v‡K Ges gv_vi Dc‡ii w`‡K RvqMv Lvwj †_‡K| G‡Z wkï gyPovgyPwo Kivi mgq cv‡qi w`‡K mi‡Z bv cvivi Kvi‡Y evswK‡U gyL †X‡K hv‡e bv Ges weQvbv gvÎvwZwi³ MigI n‡e bv| Nvo ch©šÍ †X‡K wkï‡K †kvqv‡eb|

• Avcbvi wkïi weQvbv gvÎvwZwi³ Mig

n‡Z †`‡eb bv Ñ nvjKv RvgvKvco cwiavb Ae¯’vq †Kv‡bv cÖvßeq¯‹ †jv‡Ki Rb¨ Avivg`vqK nq Ggb ZvcgvÎv eRvq ivL‡eb|

• wkïi K‡U ÔWy‡eÕ eënvi Ki‡eb bv, Ges wkï‡K Kvco‡Pvco w`‡q †cwQ‡q wb‡q Zv‡K gvÎvwZwi³ Mig Ki‡eb bv| nvZ w`‡q wkïi †cU ¯úk© K‡i Avcbvi wkï Lye †ewk Mig Abyfe Ki‡Q wK bv A_ev Nvg‡Q wK bv †`‡L wbb| wkïi nvZ A_ev cv VvÛv _vK‡j G‡Z †Kv‡bv wPšÍv Ki‡eb bv, GUv nIqv ¯^vfvweK| Amy¯’ wkï‡ì Rb¨ weQvbvq Kg weQvbvi Kvc‡oi cÖ‡qvRb nq, †ewk Kvco bq|

• wkïi kix‡ii ZvcgvÎv †e‡o †M‡j Ges Zv‡K Amy¯’ g‡b n‡j, A_ev k ¦vmKó n‡j wKsev ¯^vfvweK †_‡K Kg mvov w`‡”Q g‡b n‡j, Wv³v‡ii civgk© †b‡eb|

mv¤cÖwZK M‡elYvi Av‡jv‡K wWcvU©‡g›U Ae †nj_ (miKv‡ii ¯v¯’¨ wefvM) wbgœwjwLZ civgk© I mycvwik¸‡jv cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb (2004 mv‡ji Ryb gv‡m ms¯‹wiZ)|

• R‡b¥i ci cÖ_g Qq gvm gv‡qi i“‡g GKwU K‡Ui g‡a¨ wkï‡K Nyg cvov‡bvB me‡P‡q wbivc`| G‡Z KU †_‡K wkï‡K Zz‡j wb‡q ey‡K Rwo‡q a‡i Zv‡K Avì †mvnvM Kiv I LvIqv‡Z cvi‡eb| Z‡e Avcbvi Nyg Avmvi Av‡MB wkï‡K cybivq K‡Ui g‡a¨ †i‡L ‡ÌqvB me‡P‡q wbivc`| wkï‡K wb‡q GKB weQvbvq mviv ivZ Nygv‡bvi mv‡_ ÔKU †W‡_iÕ GKUv m¤úK© i‡q‡Q hw` Avcwb A_ev Avcbvi Rxeb-mv_x (¯^vgx):

- aygcvqx nb (‡hLv‡bB ev hLbB aygcvb K‡ib bv †Kb)

- m¤cÖwZ A¨vj‡Kvnj (g`) cvb K‡i _v‡Kb

- Ggb †Kv‡bv Jla A_ev WªvM MÖnY K‡i _v‡Kb, †hwUi Kvi‡Y Mfxi Nyg nq|

- K¬všÍ _v‡Kb|

• wkï‡K wb‡q KL‡bvB †mvdvq A_ev Avg©‡Pqv‡i Nygv‡eb bv|

GKUz †ewk eq‡mi Ges nuvUv wkL‡Q Ggb wkï GKUy †ewk eq‡mi Ges nvuUv wkL‡Q Ggb wkï iv‡Z mRvM nq| GK eQi eq‡mi cÖvq A‡a©K msL¨K wkïB AwaKvsk iv‡Z Kgc‡¶ GKevi mRvM nq| AwaKvsk wkïi †¶‡Î AvcbvAvcwbB GB Amyweav ` ~i n‡q hvq| Avcwb GwU‡K mgm¨v wnmv‡e wb‡Z A_ev mgm¨v wnmv‡e bvI wb‡Z cv‡i Ñ wKQy cwiev‡ii †¶‡Î Zv cvwievwiK Rxe‡biB GKwU Ask, Zviv GwU‡K ¯^vfvweK wnmv‡e MÖnY K‡ib| Gme cwievi m¤¢eZ wkï‡K K‡U bv †i‡L mviv ivZ wkï‡K wb‡R‡ì cv‡k wb‡q Nygvb A_ev wkï mRvM nIqvi ci wb‡R‡ì cv‡k wb‡q cwiw¯’wZ gvbvbmB K‡i †bb|

Nyg

wkïi Nyg wb‡q wPwšÍZ _vK‡j, A_ev ‡Kv‡bv iv‡Z Avcbvi Nyg bó nIqvi Kvi‡Y Avcbvi g‡a¨ K ¬vwšÍ I A¯^w¯Í †`Lv w`‡j, GB eB‡q cÖ`Ë wb‡`©kvejx (c‡ii c„ôvq †`Lyb) AbymiY K‡i wkï‡K Nygv‡bvi wk¶v ‡Ìqvi †Póv Ki‡Z cv‡ib| †hme wkïi mn‡R Nyg Av‡m bv, ‡mme wkï‡K Nyg cvov‡bvi Rb¨ mÜ¨vq weQvbvq hvIqvi Av‡Mi mgqUzKz bxie I cÖkvwšÍKi K‡i wb‡j nq‡Zv mvnv‡h¨ Avm‡e| D`vniY¯îƒc, Nygv‡bvi Av‡M wkï‡K ev_ Kwi‡q wb‡q Avav N›Uv mgq eB c‡o ev Mvb †kvbv‡Z cv‡ib| Nygv‡bvi mgq Avcbvi ev”Pv hv‡Z nvwmLywk _v‡K Ges Dò I Avivg †eva K‡i, Zv wbwðZ K‡i †b‡eb, Ges Ô¸WbvBU (iv‡Z we`vq †bIqvi mgqUzKy)Õ `xN©vwqZ Ki‡eb bv| jvBU Ad K‡i wb‡j hw` wkï Kvu`‡j A_ev jvBU R ¡vwj‡q ivL‡j Zvi fvj Nyg n‡j, Zv R ¡vwj‡q ivL‡eb| c‡ii c„ôvi ÔcÖ‡kœi DËiÕ Aa¨v‡q cÖ`Ë civgk© AbymiY K‡i Ges †Kv‡bv Sv‡gjv bv K‡i Nygv‡bvi mgqUvq bxieZv Ges cÖkvwšÍ wb‡q Avmyb||

116

cÖ‡kœi Reve

w`‡bi †ejvq Nyg

`yB ev wZb eQi eqm ch©šÍ GKUz †ewk eq‡mi Ges nvuUv wk¶vq iZ AwaKvsk wkï w`‡bi †Kv‡bv bv †Kv‡bv mg‡q GKUv Nyg w`‡q _v‡K| w`‡b Nyg w`‡Z bv cvi‡j wKQy wkïi gb†gRvR wVK _v‡K bv|

Avcwb PvB‡j wkïi g‡a¨ cÖwZw`b (AvbygvwbK) GKB mg‡q Nygv‡bvi Af¨vm M‡o Zzj‡Z cv‡ib| ‡W bvm©vwi¸‡jv j¶¨ K‡i †`‡L‡Q †h Aí wKQy w`b c‡iB ev”Pviv GB Af¨v‡m Af¨¯Í n‡q c‡o, hwÌ wKQy wkï Ges ÔnvuUv wkL‡QÕ Ggb ev”Pv‡ì g‡a¨ GB Af¨vm Avm‡Z wKQyUv mgq jv‡M|

nvuUv wkL‡Q Ggb wkï‡ì †hme gv-evev Zv‡ì wkï‡ì‡K mÜ¨vq mn‡R Nyg cvov‡Z, Ges iv‡Z mRvM nIqvi ci cybivq mn‡R Nyg cvov‡Z cv‡ib bv, Zv‡ì Rb¨ w`‡bi †ejvq Nyg cvov‡bvi GKwU Af¨vm M‡o †Zvjvi mycvwik Kiv nq| Gi d‡j ev”Pv wk‡L †b‡e †h Nywg‡q cov mnR| Ab¨w`‡K ev”Pv‡ì Aw¯’ZiZv e„w×i Rb¨ `vqx K ¬vwšIÍ ` ~i n‡e|

wKQy ev”Pv w`‡bi †ejvq bv Nywg‡qB Pj‡Z cv‡i| w`‡b Nygv‡bv AZ¨vek¨Kxq bq, Avcbvi ev”Pv nq‡Zv w`‡bi †ejvq Nygv‡Z PvB‡eI bv|

cÖ. Avwg wK Avgvi ev”Pv‡K †Kv‡bv fv‡e Mfxi Ny‡g Af¨¯Í K‡i Zzj‡Z cvi‡ev?

D. KvuPv Ny‡gi wkïiv nq‡Zv Nyg KvZz‡i wkï‡ì ‡P‡q †ewk mRvM nq bv| wKšÍy G‡ì †¶‡Î g~j mgm¨vwU n‡jv, mRvM nIqvi ci cybivq Nyg cvov‡bv|

AvbygvwbK mvZ A_ev AvU gvm eq‡m, Avcwb PvB‡j, Zv cwieZ©b K‡i wb‡Z cvi‡eb|

KvbœvKvwU eÜ Kivi Rb hv wKQy Kiv m¤¢e Zv Ki‡eb, Ges Gi c‡i Zv‡K †i‡L † ‡eb| Avcbvi wkï ax‡i ax‡i Nywg‡q co‡e| wkï‡K GK yB wgwb‡Ui †ewk Kvu ‡Z † ‡eb bv| Zvi †Pv‡L †PvL †i‡L K_v ejyb, ey ‡K Rwo‡q a‡i Av i Ki“b, wc‡V nvZ eyjvb | G ‡jv Qvov AwZwi³ †Kv‡bv wKQy Ki‡Z hv‡eb bv| Dc‡iv³ KvR ‡jv evi evi Ki‡Z _vKzb| Ab †Kv‡bv wKQy Ki‡eb bv, †hgb Zvi mv‡_ ‡Ljv Ki‡eb bv, LvIqv‡eb bv, BZ vw Ki‡eb bv| GB c×wZ AbymiY Ki‡j Avcbvi wkï‡K wb‡R wb‡R Nywg‡q covq Af¨ Í K‡i Zzj‡Z cvi‡eb| c×wZwUi dj †c‡Z GK A_ev yB mßvn jvM‡Z cv‡i, Z‡e hw GwU Avcwb AbymiY K‡i †h‡Z _v‡Kb Zvn‡j dj cv‡ebB| GwU wb‡q Avcbvi †nj_ wfwRUv‡ii mv‡_ Avjvc K‡i wb‡Z cv‡ib|

cÖ. Avgvi ev”Pv‡K KLb KU †_‡K weQvbvq ¯’vbvšÍwiZ

Kiv ìKvi?

D. AvbygvwbK `yB ev wZb eQi eqm ch©šÍ AwaKvsk wkïB ÔK‡UÕ _v‡K| Gi c‡i kvixwiK w`K w`‡q eo n‡q hvIqvi Kvi‡Y wkïiv Avi ÔK‡UÕ Nygv‡bvi Dchy³ _v‡K bv | Avcbvi wkï hw` GB eq‡mi Av‡MB ÔKUÕ †e‡q wb‡P bvgv wk‡L †d‡j, Zvn‡j `yN©Ubv Gov‡bvi Rb¨ Av‡iv Av‡MB Z v‡K weQvbvq wb‡q †b‡eb| Avcbvi Av‡iv GKwU bZzb wkïi Rb¨ hw` H K‡Ui cÖ‡qvRb nq, Zvn‡j bZzb wkïi Rb¨ H KU eënvi Kivi Av‡M GK `yB mßvn eo wkïwU‡K Zv‡Z ivL‡eb Ges Zvici Zv‡K weQvbvq †b‡eb|

117

KvbœvKvwU wKQy wkï Ab¨vb¨ wkï‡ì †_‡K A‡bK †ewk Kvu‡`, hvi KviY Avgv‡ì Rvbv †bB| Gme wkïi Kvbœv mn‡R _vgv‡bv hvq bv| ¯^v¯’¨MZ ev kvixwiK I gvbwmK weKv‡k †Kv‡bv mgm¨v bv _vKv m‡Ë¡I G‡ì‡K †`L‡Z wegl© Ges welbœ jv‡M| hw` Avcbvi wkïi KvbœvKvwU wb‡q wPwšÍZ _v‡Kb, Zvn‡j wkï‡K fvjfv‡e cix¶v K‡i wb‡q ‡Kv‡bv mgm¨v Av‡Q wK bv Zv †`Lvi Rb¨ Avcbvi Wv³vi‡K Aby‡iva Ki“b| ‡Kv‡bv mgm¨v cvIqv bv †M‡j Avcbv‡K ZLb †g‡b wb‡Z n‡e †h Avcbvi wkïwU GB iKgB| Zv Avcbvi †`v‡l n‡”Q bv Ges Avcwb †Kv‡bv fyjÎ“wU Ki‡Qb bv| mgq hZB †h‡Z _vK‡e, Avcbvi wkïi ZZB nvwmLywk n‡q DV‡e Ges KvbœKvwU Kg‡Z _vK‡e|

wKQy †jvK g‡b K‡ib, wkï‡ì ‡c‡U evZv‡mi eyØy` Rgv nIqvi Kvi‡Y †c‡Ui e¨_vq wkïiv AbeiZ Kvu‡`| hw` g‡b K‡ib Avcbvi ev”Pvi †¶‡Î ZvB n‡”Q, Zvn‡j Avcbvi Wv³v‡ii A_ev †Kwg‡÷i Jla A_ev ÔMÖvBc IqvUv‡iiÕ g‡Zv cÖPwjZ Jla eënvi K‡i †`L‡Z cv‡ib| Jl‡ai †evZ‡ji Mv‡q †jLv Ôeënv‡ii wb‡`©kvejxÕ AbymiY Ki‡eb| fvj dvq`v †c‡Z n‡j Avcbvi cQ›`K …Z ÔMÖvBc IqvUviÕ wZb †_‡K Pvievi LvIqv‡eb|

wkïi AbeiZ Kvbœv A‡bK mgq gv -evev‡K K ¬všÍ Ges nZvk K‡i Zz‡j| Avcbvi wb‡Ri gb Lvivc n‡q †M‡j, wkï‡K wbivc` †Kv‡bv ¯’v‡b ‡i‡L A_ev Kv‡ivi Kv‡Q w`‡q i“g †_‡K †ewi‡q hv‡eb|

Avcbv‡ì Df‡qi mvnv‡hï Rb¨ ÔcÖkvwšÍKiÕ wKQy m¤¢ve¨ c×wZ AbymiY Ki‡j Zv Kv‡R Avm‡Z cv‡i| †hgb:

• † vjv‡bv, wc‡V A_ev ‡c‡U nvjKv Pvco ‡ Iqv wKsev Avj‡Zv K‡i nvZ eyjv‡bv|

• ÔNyg cvovwb MvbÕ evwR‡q ‡kvbv‡bv| G¸‡jv eo eo wgDwR‡Ki †`vKv‡b cvIqv hvq|

• GKwU Ô†ewe w sÕ w ‡q w ‡bi AwaKvsk mgqB wkï‡K Avcbvi † ‡ni ms ú‡k© ivLv|

• Nb Nb ey‡Ki `ya ‡Ìqv Ñ my‡hvM

†c‡j wKQy wkï 24 N›UvB ey‡Ki `ya Uvb‡Z cQ›` K‡i!

• Dò cvwb w`‡q ev_ (†Mvmj)

Kiv‡bv|

Avcbvi ev”Pv ÔjvBÕ †c‡q hv‡e, GB wPšÍv Ki‡eb bv| G¸‡jv AwZ cÖ‡qvRbxq Avì †mvnvM Qvov Avi †Kv‡bv wKQy‡Zv bq|

GKUz †ewk eq‡mi (3 gv‡mi †ewk eq‡mi) wkï‡ì Kvbœv _vgv‡bvi Rb¨ ìRvi Dci ‡_‡K wb‡Pi w`‡K GKwU Ô‡Wvi evDÝviÕ (k ~‡b¨ Sz‡j Ggb mvgMÖx) Szwj‡q ivL‡Z cv‡ib| KvbœvKvwUi Af¨vm i‡q‡Q Ggb wKQy wkï Ô‡Wvi evDÝv‡iiÕ k ~‡b¨ DVvbvgv cQ›` K‡i| hw` Avcwb †Kv‡bv ai‡bi weKí wPwKrmv (Kgwc ‡g›Uvwi †_ivwc) eënvi K‡i †`L‡Z Pvb, Zvn‡j Avcbvi wgWIqvBd wKsev †nj_ wfwRUv‡ii mv‡_ Zv wb‡q Avjvc Ki‡eb| Avcbvi wkïi Kvbœv wb‡q wPwšÍZ _vK‡j Avcbvi Wv³v‡ii Kv‡Q Zv‡K wb‡q hv‡eb Ges †Kv‡bv kvixwiK mgm¨vi Kvi‡Y KvbœvKvwU K‡i wK bv, hvPvB K‡i †b‡eb| GB e¨vcv‡i mvnvh¨ I mnvqZv †b‡eb| KvbœvKvwU K‡i Ges †`L‡Z ALywk g‡b nq Ggb wkïi mv‡_ wb‡R‡K gvwb‡q †bIqvi †Póv Ki‡Z wM‡q gv-evev fxlY gvbwmK Pv‡ci m¤§yLxb n‡Z cv‡ib| mgm¨vwU A‡bK w`b a‡i Pj‡Z _vK‡j wKQy gv-evevi †gRvR weM‡o †h‡Z cv‡i Ges ivMvwš^Z n‡Z cv‡ib| wkï‡K KL‡bvB SvuKzwb †`‡eb bv Ñ Zv gvivZ¥K cwiYwZ †W‡K Avb‡Z cv‡i| mvnvh¨Kvix cÖwZôvb¸‡jvi mv‡_ †hvMv‡hv‡Mi we¯ÍvwiZ weei‡Yi Rb¨ Av‡iv mvnvh¨ Aa¨vqwU †`Lyb|

118

‡mKkb Pvi: Avcbvi wkïi weKvk wKfv‡e nq Avcbvi weKvkgvb wkï: GK bR‡i AMÖMwZ

GB eqm wfwËK ch©vq¸‡jvi gva¨‡g †KejgvÎ GKwU w`K-wb‡`©kbv cÖ`vb Kiv n‡q‡Q| Avcbvi wkïi weKvk wb‡q wPwšÍZ _vK‡j Avcbvi Wv³vi A_ev †nj_ wfwRUv‡ii mv‡_ Avjvc Ki“b|

1Ñ2 3Ñ4 5Ñ6 7Ñ8 9Ñ10 gvm gvm gvm gvm gvm

Aí mg‡qi Rb¨ gv_v Lvov K‡i

DcyZ n‡q †kvqvi mgq

cv Kg evuKv _v‡K

†Rv‡i jv_vjvw_ K‡i mvgvb¨ mvnvh¨ wb‡q A_ev †Kv‡bv mvnvh¨ QvovB gv_v

Lvov iv‡L DcyZ n‡q †kvqv Ae¯’vq †g‡S‡Z nv‡Zi fi w`‡q

gv_v Lvov K‡i †bq

mvnvh¨ Ki‡j em‡Z cv‡i

mvg‡bi w`K †_‡K wcQ‡bi w`‡K MovMwo Lvq

DcyZ Ae¯’v †_‡K nv‡Zi

Zvjyi Dci fi w`‡q Dc‡ii w`‡K D‡V hvq

wb‡R wb‡R e‡m nq‡Zv wbZ‡¤î Dci fi

w`‡qI Pjv‡div K‡i

nq‡Zv wb‡R wb‡R `vuov‡Z cv‡i

8-20 gvm eq‡mi g‡a¨ ‡Kv‡bv GK mgq nuvUv ïi“ K‡i w`‡Z cv‡i|

emv Ae¯’vq nvZ I kixi mgv‡bi w`‡K evwo‡q wb‡q ‡Ljbv `ªe¨ Zz‡j Av‡b Ges Zv Ki‡Z wM‡q c‡o hvq bv

emv Ae¯’vq wcV †mvRv iv‡L

4 gvm eqm †_‡K `vuo Kwi‡q a‡i ivL‡j wb‡Ri kix‡ii IRb

wbqš¿‡Y Avbv ïi“ K‡i

Av‡jvi (jvB‡Ui) w`‡K gv_v Ges †PvL wdivq

PjšÍ wRwb‡mi Pjvi w`‡K †PvL †i‡L Zv

AbymiY K‡i

†QvULv‡Uv wRwbm AvuK‡o a‡i

gvby‡li w`‡K ZvwK‡q _vKv cQ›` K‡i

wb‡Ri nvZ j¶¨ K‡i †`‡L AbeiZ Gw`K Iw`K

ZvKvq

Avcbvi KÚ¯^‡ii cÖwZ mvov †`q

AvIqv‡Ri w`‡K gv_v wdivq

kã ev AvIqvR

K‡i

my‡ijv fw½‡Z wb‡Ri I Ab¨‡ì mv‡_ ÔK_v e‡jÕ

AvIqv‡Ri Drm mwVK fv‡e †ei K‡i †bq

Mjvq A‡evaMg¨ kã K‡i Ges AvIqvR ev ˆn‰P-i

cÖwZ mvov †`q

wKQy k‡ãi A_© †ev‡S

Avb›` Ges `ytL cÖ`k©b K‡i

Av‡Mi †_‡K ‡ewk nv‡m

Zvi mv‡_ †Ljv Ki‡j nv‡m Ges

DrdzjZv cÖ`k©b K‡i

GUv IUv gy‡L ‡bq

wb‡Ri cv wb‡q †Ljv K‡i

†Kv‡j DVvi Rb¨ nvZ evovq

wQ`ªhy³ XvKbv jvMv‡bv Kvc †_‡K cvbxq cvb K‡i|

ÔwdsMvi dzWÕ (nvZ w`‡q Zz‡j †L‡Z nq Ggb Lvevi) LvIqv

ïi“ Ki‡Q (6 gvm ‡_‡K)

wKQy kã Ges wµqvKg© (†hgb Kvuwk, nvZ †b‡o

we`vq Rvbv‡bv)AbyKiY K‡i

wei³ n‡j ‡`n Abo K‡i iv‡L

AwaKZi mZK© Ges ûuwkqvi

Av‡Mi †_‡K Kg Nb Nb Lvq

4 gvm eqm †_‡K Ñ `y‡ai mv‡_ mv‡_ Ab¨vb¨ Lvevi LvIqv ïi“

Ki‡Q

nq‡Zv mviv ivZ Mfxi Ny‡g Av”Qbœ _v‡K

cÖwZ‡laK wUKv (`yB gvm eqm †_‡K) cÖvq 6 gvm eq‡m `vuZ D‡V‡Q

c‡ii c„ôvq Av‡iv i‡q‡Q

119

ZR©bx Av½yj w`‡q †QvULv‡Uv wRwb‡m

†LvPv gv‡i

Avcbvi weKvkgvb ev”Pv GK bR‡i Zvi AMÖMwZ

11Ñ12 13Ñ18 19Ñ24 2Ñ21/2 21/2Ñ3 gvm gvm gvm eQi eQi

AvmevecÎ a‡i nvuU‡Z cv‡i Ges KL‡bv KL‡bv GKvB nvuUv ïi“

K‡i

nvu‡U Ges A‡bKUv eo ªe¨mvgMÖx enb Ki‡Z

cv‡i

eo‡ì mvnvh¨ wb‡q wmuwo w`‡q DVvbvgv

Ki‡Z cv‡i

gv‡Sg‡a¨ †ùŠov‡ùŠwo K‡i Ges c‡o hvq

mn‡RB †ùŠo‡Z, †e‡q EVvbvgv Ki‡Z I Avmb

†M‡o em‡Z cv‡i

wmuwo w`‡q †nu‡U DVvbvg Ki‡Z cv‡i

eo ej jyd‡Z

cv‡i

wKQyUv ~i †_‡K gvbyl wPb‡Z cv‡i

Av½yj w`‡q †`wL‡q w`‡Z cv‡i

Wvb nvZ ev evg nvZ w`‡q KvR Kivi cÖeYZv cÖ`k©b ïi“

Ki‡Z cv‡i PK w`‡q AvuKvAvuwK K‡i

DbœZ gv‡bi AbyKiY `¶Zv †cwÝj w`‡q mnR mij R¨vwgwZK AvKvi ‡`‡L

†`‡L AvuK‡Z cv‡i

wKQy is Gi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ wbY©q Ki‡Z cv‡i

†evSvi †hvM¨ K‡i AvKvi AvK…wZ AsKb K‡i

AwaKZi RwUj kãvejx ey‡S

bvg a‡i WvK‡j mvov

†`q

K_vevZ©v Pvwj‡q †h‡Z cv‡i

kãvejx cybivq ejvi †Póv K‡i

6 †_‡K 20wU kã ej‡Z

cv‡i

mnR mij evK¨ eënvi K‡i Ges mnR mij cÖkœ

K‡i mnR mij wb‡`©k AbymiY

K‡i

cÖkœ wRÁvmv K‡i

Avcbv‡K Mí e‡j

K_vevZ©v ¯úó K‡i e‡j ev ¯úó K‡i g‡bi K_v

cÖKvk K‡i

gvqv ggZv †`Lvq

†Pv‡Li mvg‡b jyKv‡bv ‡Ljbv ‡ei K‡i †bq

wb‡R wb‡R Lvq

Aw¯’i Ges AbymwÜrmy

†Ljvi fvb K‡i

wb‡Ri bvg eënvi K‡i

Ab¨vb¨ ev”Pv‡ì mv‡_ †Ljva~jv K‡i

‡Ljv evbvq

nvZ Ges gyL ay‡q †bq

10 ch©šÍ MYbv Ki‡Z cv‡i, Zv wkLv‡bv n‡q _vK‡j

cvÎ †_‡K wRwbmcÎ †ei Ki‡Z Ges ivL‡Z cQ›` K‡i

MMR (Gg.Gg.Avi) cÖwZ‡laK wUKv

Uq‡jU wk¶v

120

‡mKkb Pvi: Avcbvi wkïi weKvk wKfv‡e nq

cÖwZwU w`bB Ab¨vb¨ w`b †_‡K Avjv`v R‡b¥i ci cÖ_g wKQy w`b wKQy wkï mRvM _v‡K wKšÍy AwaKvsk wkïB LvIqvi mgq Qvov evwK mgqUzKz Ny‡g _v‡K| ‡Zgb †ewk mgq `ya cvb K‡i bv| GK `yB wgwbU Uvbvi ciB Nywg‡q c‡o A_ev Nyg Nyg fve G‡m hvq|

GB ai‡bi wkï m¤¢eZ K‡qK w`b c‡i Av‡iv †ewk mRvM _vK‡e Ges ‡ewk mgq `ya Uvb‡e| (wKQy wkï Avevi G iK‡gi bq Ñ Giv G‡Kev‡i ïi“ †_‡KB mRvM Ges cÖvYešÍ _v‡K|) cÖwZwU w`bB Ab¨ w`b †_‡K n‡Z cv‡i Avjv`v| Avcbvi wkï nq‡Zv AcÖZ¨vwkZ mg‡q `ya cvb Ki‡e A_ev Nygv‡e, hvi g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv avivevwnK wbqg _vK‡e bv|

mewKQy wVKVvK _vK‡j K‡qK mßvn c‡i Avcbvi Av¯’v evo‡e Ges Avcbvi wkï‡K Z …ß ivLv Av‡iv mnR n‡q DV‡e| ZLb LvIqv‡bvI mnR n‡e|

cÖ_g `yB gv‡m wkïiv A‡bK wKQy wk‡L • wkïi ey‡Ki wb‡P nvZ †i‡L Avcbvi evû

`yBwU‡Z wkï‡K DcyZ K‡i †Kv‡j wbb| GK gv‡mi g‡a¨B Avcbvi wkï †`‡ni eivei K‡i Aí mg‡qi Rb¨ gv_v Lvov Ki‡e|

• cuvP †_‡K Qq mßvn eqm †_‡K Avcbvi KÉ¯î †kvbvi ci wkï ÔKzÕ kã Ki‡e|

• GKB eqm †_‡K Avcbvi wkï Nb Nb nvm‡e, Avcbvi KÉ¯î ïb‡Z †c‡j KvbœvKvwU eÜ K‡i †`‡e Ges Avcbvi KÉ¯^‡ii w`‡K gv_v wdiv‡e|

• Avcbvi wkï‡K hw` †c‡U fi w`‡q †kvqvb, Zvn‡j Avcwb †`L‡Z cv‡eb †h Zvi nvZ I cv Av‡Mi †_‡K Kg †MvRv‡bv ev evKv‡bv| m`¨ Rb¥cÖvß wkï nvuUz fvR K‡i Zv Ô‡e‡Oi g‡ZvÕ Zz‡j iv‡L, Ges wbZ¤^ ‡ei K‡i iv‡L| `yB gvm eqm bvMv` Zv A‡bKUv Kg cwijw¶Z n‡e | cv `yBwU evuKv ivL‡e, Z‡e ‡Zgb Zz‡j ivL‡e bv Ges wbZ¤^ Kg DuPz K‡i ivL‡e| (wkï‡K KL‡bvB DcyZ Ae¯’vq Nygv‡Z †`‡eb bv| wkï‡ì‡K wPr K‡i Nyg cvov‡Z nq Ñ 116bs c„ôv †`Lyb|)

• `yB gvm eqm bvMv` Avcbvi wkï Av‡iv

†ewk †ewk mRvM I cÖvYešÍ _vK‡e| Zv‡K Av‡Mi g‡Zv Nb Nb LvIqv‡bvi cÖ‡qvRb n‡e bv| wkï‡K LvIqv‡bvi Rb¨ mgqI nq‡Zv Kg jvM‡Z cv‡i|

121

1-2 gvm

Avcbvi †nj_ wfwRUv‡ii mv‡_ cwiwPZ nIqv Avcbvi †nj_ wfwRUvi Avm‡j GKRb bvm©, hvi ¯’v¯’¨MZ Pvwn`v Ges cuvP eQ‡ii wb‡Pi eq‡mi wkï‡ì cwievi¸‡jvi ¯^v¯’¨MZ Dbœq‡bi e¨vcv‡i †UªBwbs i‡q‡Q|

Mf©v¯’vqB nq‡Zv ‡nj_ wfwRUv‡ii mv‡_ Avcbvi cwiPq n‡q hv‡e| m¤¢eZ Avcbvi wkïi R‡b¥i cÖvq 11 w`b c‡i ‡nj_ wfwRUvi Avcbv‡K Ges Avcbvi wkï‡K †`Lvi Rb¨ Avcbvi evmM„‡n hv‡eb| ‡nj_ wfwRUvi Avcbv‡K Ô†ewe wK ¬wbKÕ m¤ú‡K© ej‡eb| wZwb cÖwZ‡laK wUKv †Ìqvi Rb¨ wkï‡K ‡ewe wK ¬wb‡K wb‡q hvIqvi w`b ZvwiL Avcbv‡K Rvbv‡eb, Ges wkïi kvixwiK I gvbwmK AMÖMwZ wb‡q Avjvc Ki‡eb|

†nj_ wfwRUv‡ii KvR n‡jv Avcbv‡K, Avcbvi cwievi‡K Ges Avcbvi wkï‡K mnvqZv Kiv| †nj_ wfwRUv‡ii mv‡_ wkïi Nyg, LvIqv‡bv, k³ Lvevi †Ìqv ïi“ Kiv, BZ¨vw` mn Avcbvi g‡bi AbyfywZ I ¯^v‡¯’ï mv‡_ RwoZ †h †Kv‡bv welq wb‡q Avjvc Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| ‡nj_ wfwRUvi AvbygvwbK Qq ‡_‡K AvU mßvn eq‡m cÖ_g ev‡ii g‡Zv Avcbvi wkïi AMÖMwZ hvPvB K‡i †bIqv n‡e| Gi c‡i mvZ †_‡K AvU gvm eq‡m, cÖvq `yB eQi eq‡m, Ges ¯‹z‡j fwZ© nIqvi wKQy Av‡M Avev‡iv Zv Kiv n‡e| Avcbvi Wv³vi A_ev †nj_ wfwRUvi nq wK¬wb‡K A_ev Avcbvi evm¯’v‡b Zv m¤úbœ Ki‡eb|

cÖ_g cix¶vi mgq Wv³vi ev †nj_ wfwRUvi wKQy ‡gŠwjK kvixwiK cix¶v m¤úbœ Ki‡eb, wkïi AMÖMwZ m¤ú‡K© Avcbv‡K wRÁvmv Ki‡eb Ges Avcbvi †Kv‡bv cÖkœ _vK‡j Zvi DËi †`‡eb|

PvBì †nj_ wK¬wbK Avcbv‡K Ges Avcbvi ev ”Pv‡K ÔPvBì †nj_ wK ¬wb‡KÕ hvIqvi Avgš¿Y Rvbv‡bv n‡e| Avcbvi †Kv‡bv wKQy Rvbvi _vK‡j wK ¬wb‡K wM‡q Zv †R‡b wb‡Z cvi‡eb, Avcbvi wkïi ¯^v¯’¨ I DbœwZ cix¶v Kwi‡q wb‡Z cvi‡eb Ges wkï -cwiPh©v m¤ú‡K© Z_¨ wb‡Z cvi‡eb|

wkï‡ì ¯^v¯’¨ hvPvB Kivi Ab¨Zg GKwU Kvh©Kix c×wZ n‡”Q IRb ‡g‡c ‡`Lv| †nj_ wfwRUvi Ô‡m›UvBjÕ Pv‡U© Avcbvi wkïi IR‡bi Ae¯’vb Avcbv‡K †`Lv‡eb| D`vniY¯îƒc hw` †Kv‡bv wkïi IRb 50Zg †m›UvB‡j Ae¯’vb K‡i, Zvn‡j Zvi IRb KgI bq Avevi †ewkI bq| wkïwUi IRb Zvi mgeqmx cÖwZ 100wU wkïi g‡a¨ 49wU wkï †_‡K †ewk, Ges GKB eq‡mi cÖwZ 100wU wkïi g‡a¨ 49wU wkïi †_‡K Kg| ZvÕQvov kix‡ii D”PZvi RbÏ Ô†m›UvBjÕ PvU© i‡q‡Q| Avcbv i wkïi AMÖMwZi A‡bK¸‡jv w`‡Ki g‡a¨ gvÎ GKwU w`K n‡jv IRb| wkïi mvwe©K my¯^v¯’¨ Ges weKvk AZ¨šÍ ¸i“Z ¡c ~Y© (119-120bs c„ôvq kvixwiK I gvbwmK weKv‡ki ZvwjKvwU c‡o wbb|

PvBì †nj_ wK ¬wb‡K nq‡Zv GKRb Wv³vi _vK‡Z cv‡ib, whwb cÖ‡qvRb Abymv‡i Wv³vix gZvgZ cÖ`vb Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

122


Avcbvi wkïi g‡a¨ cwieZ©b Avm‡Q GB eq‡m wkïiv Mob ewjô Ges bv`ykby`k iƒc jvf K‡i _v‡K| Zv‡ì gyLgÛj, nvZ cv BZ¨vw` Ô‡MvjMvjÕ n‡q D‡V| †h †Kv‡bv cvwievwiK mv`„k¨Zv ¯ú ó n‡q D‡V|

Avcwb eyS‡Z cvi‡eb †h, wkïwU Avcbv‡K Ges nq‡Zvev Ab¨ GK `yBwU †`Lv gyL wPb‡Z cvi‡Q| wbw ©ó wKQy mg‡q wK n‡e ev bv n‡e Zv GLb wkïwU Rv‡b, Ges DrdzjZv cÖ`k©b K‡i Ñ †hgb Avcwb hLb Zv‡K ev_ (†Mvmj) Kiv‡bvi cÖ ÍywZ †b‡eb ZLb Zv‡K Drdzj † Lv‡e|

wkï‡K LvIqv‡bvi Rb¨ mg‡qi e¨q w`‡b w`‡b K‡g Avm‡e| Z‡e mÜ¨vq Nyg cvov‡bvi Rb¨ A‡bK mgq a‡i Avì †mvnvM Kiv, LvIqv‡bv Ges g‡bv‡hvM cÖ`vb Kivi cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i, hv A¯^vfvweK †Kv‡bv e¨vcvi bq | GB eqm bvMv` Avcwb mvÜ¨Kvjxb GKwU Af¨vm M‡o †Zvjv wb‡q wPšÍv-fvebv Ki‡Z cv‡ib| Gi d‡j wkï Nywg‡q hvIqvi ci Avcbvi wb‡Ri Rb¨ nq‡Zv wKQy mgq cv‡eb|

GB eq‡m Lye Kg wkïB GK bvMv‡o mviv ivZ Nygvq|

Avcbvi wkï hv hv Ki‡Z cv‡i †m¸‡jv n‡jv:

• emv Ae¯’vq ivL‡j gv_v Lvov iv‡L, Ges gv_v nq‡Zv G‡Kev‡iB bvovPov Ki‡e bv A_ev Ki‡jI mvgvb¨ K‡i| (gv_v Aek¨B a‡i ivL‡eb)

• emv Ae¯’vq ivL‡j wcV Av‡Mi †_‡K †ewk K‡i †mvRv iv‡L

• DcyZ Ae¯’vq ivL‡j gv_v Dc‡ii w`‡K Zz‡j †bq Ges nv‡Zi Dci fi w`‡q †`n wbqš¿‡Y iv‡L

• †Rv‡i jv_vjvw_ K‡i| mvgvb¨ kvixwiK ÔcwikªgÕ Kivi ci wPr Ae¯’vq ï‡q _vK‡Z cQ›` K‡i| nq‡Zvev cv AvuK‡o a‡i G‡Kev‡i gy‡Li mvg‡b wb‡q Avm‡e|

• wkïi wcQ‡b GKwU †QvU †ej evwR‡q wb‡q wkïi Pviw`‡K ‡Nviv‡Z _vK‡j, †mI gv_v Nywi‡q wb‡q ‡e‡ji AvIqvR AbymiY Ki‡e

• wkï Avcbvi Di“i Dci `vuwo‡q _vK‡Z cQ›` K‡i, Ges Pvi gvm eqm bvMv` †m nq‡Zv cv‡qi Dci wKQyUv fi ‡dj‡Z cvi‡e|

123

3-4 gvm

wkïi mv‡_ †Ljv Kiv GB eq‡m wkïiv Avwe®‹vi Kiv ïi“ K‡i Zviv KZ bv mvgvwRK n‡Z cv‡i, Ges eoiv Zv‡ì Øviv cÖfvweZ n‡q _v‡Kb| wkï eyS‡Z cv‡i Avcbvi Avì †mvnv‡Mi cÖwZ †m hZ †ewk mvov †`‡e, Avcbvi Avì †mvnvMI ZZB evo‡Z _vK‡e|

wkïi mv‡_ †Ljv Kivi mgq Zvi cÖwZwµqvi cÖwZ Ges ‡Ljv Pvwj‡q hvIqvi cÖwZ j¶¨ ivL‡eb| wb‡P K‡qKwU †Ljvi bgybv †Ìqv n‡jv:

• wkïi nv‡Z GKwU SbSwb A_ev †QvÆ GKwU †Ljbv w`b| wZb gvm eqm †_‡K wkïiv GUv IUv nv‡Z a‡i ivL‡Z cv‡i| Gi c‡ii K‡qK mßvq wkï‡ì g‡a¨ †PvL I nv‡Zi mgš^‡q KvR Kivi ¶gZv M‡o D‡V| Avcbvi wkïwU ZLb ‡LjbvwU nv‡Z wb‡q g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i cix¶v wbix¶v Ki‡e|

• wkï‡K wb‡q Avqbvi mvg‡b `vuovb| Avqbvi w`‡K †P‡q wkïi mv‡_ K_v ejyb| wkï Avqbvq Zvi wb‡Ri cÖwZwe¤^ wPb‡Z cvi‡e bv, Z‡e Avcbv‡K wPb‡Z cvi‡e, mewKQy ¯^vfvweK fv‡e MÖnY Ki‡e

• wewfbœ ai‡bi AvIqvR ˆZwi K‡i †Ljv Ki“b, Ges wkïi Avb‡›ì cÖwZ j¶¨ ivLyb| †Kvb& AvIqvRwU †m †ewk cQ›` K‡i Zv ‡R‡b †bIqvi †Póv Ki“b

• Avcbvi wRnŸv ‡ei K‡i Zvgvmvi AvKv‡i gyL †fsPvwb w`b| wkï Ab›` cv‡e, Ges nq‡Zvev Zv AbyKiY KiviI †Póv Ki‡e!

• Mvb Ki“b| †`L‡eb wkïI Zvi wbR ¯^‡i Avcbvi mv‡_ †hvM w`‡”Q|

• wkïi mvg‡b †Kv‡bv GKwU wRwbm Szwj‡q ‡i‡L Zv Gcvk Icvk Ki“b| ‡`L‡Z cv‡eb †h, wRwbmwUi w`K cwieZ©‡bi mv‡_ Avcbvi wkïi †PvLI w`K cwieZ©b Ki‡Q

• A‡bK mgq wkïiv wb‡R wb‡R †Ljv K‡i, Avcb nvZ Ges Av½yj w`‡q AvKi AvK …wZ ˆZwi, e vswKU mwi‡q wb‡q †`qv‡j wb‡R‡ì †`‡ni Qvqv ˆZwi K‡i, GK nv‡Zi Zvjyi Dci Ab¨ nv‡Zi Zvjy †i‡L Pvc †`q, nvZ wb‡Ri gy‡Li mvg‡b G‡b bvo‡Z _v‡K|

me‡P‡q ¸i“Z ¡c ~Y© welqwU n‡jv Avcbvi wkïi mv‡_ K_v ej‡eb| Avcbvi K_v nq‡Zv †m eyS‡e bv Z‡e gvby‡li K_vevZ©vi AvIqvR Ges aiY †m ïb‡Z cv‡e| Avcbvi ev”Pv wKšÍy K_v ejvi fw½, g‡bi fve Ges K_vevZ©v AbeiZ wk‡L wb‡ ”Q|

124

Avcbvi wkïi cÖwZ‡la wUKv `yB, wZb Ges Pvi gvm eq‡m Avcbvi wkï‡K `yB ai‡bi wUKv ‡Ìqv‡Z n‡e| AbyMÖn K‡i wb‡Pi mgqm ~PxwU †`‡L wbb|

2004 mv‡j DTaP/IPV/Hib (wW.wU.G.wc/AvB.wc.wf/wne) bv‡gi GKwU bZzb cÖwZ‡la wUKv Pvjy Kiv n‡q‡Q| GB wUKv Avcbvi wkï‡K diphtheria (wWc‡_wiqv), tetanus (wU‡Ubvm), pertussis (cvU©ywmm ÑNyswo Kvwk), polio (†cvwjI) Ges Hib meningitis (wne †gwbbRvBwUm) Gi wei“‡× cÖwZi¶v cÖ`vb Ki‡e| bZzb wUKvq †cvwjI †iv‡Mi wUKvwU Ab¨vb¨ Dc‡iv³ evKx †ivM¸‡jvi wUKvi mv‡_ wgwk‡q GKwU Bb‡RKk‡bi gva¨‡g †Ìqv nq| Av‡Mi g‡Zv c„_K fv‡e gyL w`‡q †Ìqv nq bv|

Avcbvi wkï‡K DTaP/IPV/Hib (wW.wU.G.wc/AvB.wc.wf/wne) wUKv †Ìqvi GKB mg‡q MenC (†gb.wm) wUKvI †Ìqv n‡e| GB wUKv †gwbs‡MvK°vj MÖ“c wm e¨v‡±wiqvi AvµgY RwbZ meningitis (†gwbbRvBwUm) Ges septicaemia (†mwÞ‡mwgqv)-i wei“‡× cÖwZi¶v cÖ`vb K‡i| MMR (Gg.Gg.Avi) wUKv Avcbvi ev”Pv‡K measles (wg‡Rvj&m), mumps (gv¤úm) Ges rubella (i“‡ejv) †_‡K i¶v Ki‡e| Rubella (i“‡ejv)-‡K ejv nq (Rvg©vb wg‡Rvj&m)| mvaviYZ 13 gvm eqm bvMv` GKwU Bb‡RKk‡bi gva¨‡g GB wUKv †Ìqv nq| Avcbvi ¯’vbxq wR.wc-i mvR©vwi‡Z MMR: Your questions answered (Gg.Gg.Avi: Avcbvi cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi), Ges The MMR Discussion Pack (Gg.Gg.Avi m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbvcÎ) _vKvi K_v| G¸‡jv c‡o wb‡q gv-eveviv Gg.Gg.Avi wUKvi mv‡_ RwoZ me welq we‡ePbv K‡i wb‡Z cvi‡eb Ges ‡Kv‡bv GKRb Wv³v‡ii mv‡_ Zv wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

Aí K‡qKwU KviY Qvov wbw`©ó ZvwiL¸‡jv‡Z wUKv †Ìqv‡bvi Rb¨ wkï‡K wb‡q wK ¬wb‡K †h‡Z n‡e| Avcbvi wkï ¯úóZB Amy¯’ _vK‡j, A_ev Zvi Mv‡q R ¡i _vK‡j Avcbvi Wv³vi, †nj_ wfwRUvi A_ev cÖ¨vw±m bvm©‡K Zv Rvbv‡eb| Avcbv‡K ZLb bZzb Gc‡q›U‡g›U †Ìqv n‡e|

cÖwZ‡laK wUKv †bIqvi mgqm ~Px

cÖwZ‡laK wUKv m¤ú‡K© Avcbvi †Kv‡bv cÖkœ _vK‡j Avcbvi Wv³vi, †nj_ wfwRUvi A_ev cÖ¨vw±m bv‡m©i mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM Ki“b|

KLb wUKv w`‡Z n‡e †h wUKv †Ìqv nq †hfv‡e †Ìqv nq Diphtheria (wWc‡_wiqv), tetanus (wU‡Ubvm), GKwU Bb‡RKkb `yB, wZb Ges Pvi gvm eq‡m pertussis (cvU©ywmm Ñ Nyswo Kvwk),

polio (‡cvwjI) Ges Hib (wne) (DTaP/IPV/Hib) MenC (†gb.wm)

Measles (wg‡Rvj&m), mumps (gv¤ú&m) Ges GKwU Bb‡RKkb AvbygvwbK 13 gvm eq‡m i“‡ejv (MMR Ñ Gg.Gg.Avi)

Diphtheria (wWc‡_wiqv), tetanus (wU‡Ubvm), GKwU Bb‡RKkb

wZb eQi Pvi gvm †_‡K pertussis (cvU©ywmm Ñ Nyswo Kvwk), Ges polio (‡cvwjI) GKwU Bb‡RKkb cuvP eQi eq‡m (dTaP/IPV A_ev DTaP/IPV)

Measles (wg‡Rvj&m), mumps (gv¤ú&m) Ges GKwU Bb‡RKkb i“‡ejv (MMR Ñ Gg.Gg.Avi)

10 †_‡K 14 eQi eq‡m BCG (we.wm.wR Ñ h²vi wei“‡× cÖwZi¶v) Pvgov cix¶v, Gi c‡i (A_ev KL‡bv KL‡bv R‡b¥i cÖ‡qvRb n‡j GKwU Bb‡RKkb wKQy c‡i)

13 †_‡K 18 eQi eq‡m Tetanus (wU‡Ubvm), diphtheria (wWc‡_wiqv), GKwU Bb‡RKkb polio (‡cvwjI) (Td/IPV)

125

cÖwZ‡laK wUKv

Avcbvi wkïi cÖwZ‡laK wUKv m¤ú‡K© Av‡iv Z_¨ A Guide to Immunisation for Babies up to 15 Months of Age (15 gvm eq‡mi ch©šÍ wkï‡ì wUKv m¤ú‡K© GKwU wb‡`©wkKv)

c‡o wb‡q Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb


Avcbvi wkïi AMÖMwZ GB eq‡m Avcbvi wkïwU nq‡Zv mviv ivZ Mfxi Ny‡g Av”Qbœ _vK‡e| Z‡e gv‡Sg‡a¨ mRvMI n‡Z cv‡i, hv LyeB ¯^vfvweK| mRvM nIqvi ci GB eq‡mi AwaKvsk wkï‡KB LvIqv‡bvi cÖ‡qvRb nq bv| Z‡e KvbœvKvwU K‡i Ggb wkï‡K kvšÍ Kiv Ges cybivq Nyg cvov‡bvi Kvh©Kix GKwU Dcvq wnmv‡e LvIqv‡Z cv‡ib|

Avcwb I wkï hLb †Ljv K‡ib ZLb wkï ¯^Zù zZ©fv‡e wdKwdK K‡i nv‡m, A_ev gyPwK gyPwK nv‡m| KvbœvKvwUi cwie‡Z© GLb †m Zx¶ è kã K‡i A_ev nVvr wPrKvi K‡i ivM ‡`Lvq| Avcbvi wkï GLb Ab¨vb¨ wkï Ges ev ”Pv‡ì j¶¨ Kiv Dc‡fvM K‡i| kã K‡i A_ev D‡ËRbvi mv‡_ nvZ cv †b‡o Ab‡ i g‡bvhvM AvKl©‡Yi †Póv K‡i|

GB `yB gv‡m AMÖMwZi wKQy j¶Y n‡jv:

• wPr n‡q †kvqv Ae¯’vq Avcbvi wkï Zvi cv gy‡Li mvg‡b wb‡q Av‡m, cv wb‡q †Ljv K‡i, A_ev cv‡qi Av½yj Pz‡l

• a‡i ivL‡j Ges †Kvg‡i evwj‡ki mg_©b ivL‡j cÖv‡g A_ev †mvdvq em‡Z cv‡i (GB Ae¯’vq wkï‡K GKv †i‡L P‡j hv‡eb bv)| wKQy wkï †Kv‡bv mg_©b QvovB wb‡R wb‡R K‡qK gyûZ© em‡Z cv‡i|

• ‡Kv‡j DVvi Rb¨ nvZ evwo‡q †`q

• mvg‡bi w`K †_‡K wcQ‡bi w`‡K Ges KL‡bv KL‡bv wcQ‡bi w`K †_‡K mvg‡bi w`‡K MovMwo K‡i

• ‡c‡Ui Dci fi w`‡q ‡kvqv Ae¯’vq gv_v A‡bKUv Dc‡i Zz‡j †bq Ges nv‡Zi Zvjy †g‡S‡Z †i‡L evû `yBwU †mvRv K‡i †bq

• Avcbvi Di“i Dci A_ev †g‡S‡Z `vuo Kwi‡q a‡i ivL‡j SuywK ‡`q, Ges cv‡qi Dci †`‡ni mg¯Í †`‡ni fi wb‡Z cv‡i

126

5-6 gvm

• mvg‡b ivLv †QvULv‡Uv ‡Ljbv A_ev wRwbm mvaviYZ `yB nvZ w`‡q AvuK‡o ai‡Z cv‡i

• cÖvg †_‡K †m †Kv‡bv wRwbm †d‡j w`‡j ‡mwUi cZb j¶¨ K‡i †`‡L| †Pv‡Li AšÍiv‡j P‡j †M‡j cwZZ wRwbmwUi K_v `ª“Z fy‡j hvq, Ges eyS‡Z cv‡i bv †h Zv Luy‡R ‡ei Kiv hv‡e! Zvi Kv‡Q GwUi Avi †Kv‡bv Aw¯ÍZ ¡ †bB

‡h †Kv‡bv wRwbm gy‡L wb‡q †bq

• ey‡S †h SbSwb w`‡q SvuKzwb w`‡j kã Drcbœ nq

• Zvi mv‡_ ivMZ ¯^‡i K_v ej‡j Kvu‡` A_ev gyL ÔKzuP‡KvÕ K‡i †bq

• wb‡Ri nvZ w`‡q A‡bï nv‡Z wRwbmcÎ w`‡Z (n¯ÍvšÍi) Ki‡Z cv‡i

• DËvj Ges Amvgvj †Ljv Ki‡Z cQ› K‡i|

`ya Qvov Ab¨ ai‡bi cÖ_g Lvevi

Rxe‡bi cÖ_g Lvevi Avcbv‡K we‡kl ai‡bi †Kv‡bv Lvevi Lwi` Ki‡Z n‡e bv| `y‡ai mv‡_ Ab¨vb¨ Lvevi †Ìqv ïi“ Kivi mgq (DBwbs Gi mgq) Avcbvi wkïi Rb¨ Dchy³ wKQy Lvev‡ii civgk© wb‡P ‡Ìqv n‡jv:

• wm× Avjy A_ev wgwó Avjy • †ewe ivBm

• wm× Kiv †mvqxW (GK ai‡bi eo

kvjMg) A_ev ZigyR

• wm× Kiv MvRi (K¨viU)

• wm× Kiv wgwó †cqvi, ‡Lvmvgy³

• wm× Kiv wgwó Av‡cj, †Lvmvgy³ • Kjv|

wm× Kivi mgq jeb, wPwb A_ev ^v ea©K (wmRwbs) eënvi Ki‡eb bv|

y‡ai mv‡_ Ab vb Lvevi LvIqv‡bv ïi“ Kiv eo eo `vbv ev UzKivUvKwi miv‡bvi Rb¨ Lv`¨`ªe¨ ‡g‡o ‡b‡eb, Pvjwb w`‡q †S‡o ‡b‡eb, A_ev wc‡l ‡b‡eb|

ÔDBwbs (weaning)Õ K_vwUi A_© n‡jv Avcbvi wkï‡K ey‡Ki `ya A_ev Bbd¨v›U dg©yjv wg‡éi mv‡_ mv‡_ Ab¨vb¨ Lvevi Ges cvbxqI LvIqv‡bv ïi“ Kiv| KL‡bv KL‡bv GwU‡K ejv nq Ôk³Õ (mwjW)Õ A_ev Ôk³ Lvevi (mwjW dzW)Õ ïi“ Kiv Ñ hwÌ cÖ_g Ae¯’vq Avcbvi wkï‡K k³ bq big LveviB †`‡eb| k³ Lvev‡ii mv‡_ mv‡_ †hme wkï AwaKvsk cÖ‡qvRbxq cywó ey‡Ki `ya ev evRv‡ii dg©yjv wgé †_‡K †c‡q _v‡K, Zv‡ì‡K ejv nq ÔAb wg·W wdwWsÕ A_ev ÔAb wg·W Wv‡qU (wgkª Lvevi MÖnYKvix)Õ|

mviv we‡k ¦i Ges hy³iv‡Rï we‡klÁiv GKgZ †h, Qq gvm eqm ch©šÍ AwaKvsk wkïi cÖ‡qvRbxq me cywó ey‡Ki `ya ‡_‡K Av‡m| Gi Av‡M wKQy wkïi Ab¨vb¨ ai‡bi Lvev‡ii cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i, Z‡e eqm AšÍZc‡¶ Pvi gvm bv nIqvi Av‡M Zv LvIqv‡bv ïi“ Kiv wVK n‡e bv|

cÖvq Qq gvm eqm bvMv` Avcbvi wkï:

• Lvevi Pzlv ev Uvbvi mv‡_ mv‡_ wPev‡bv ïi“ K‡i w`‡Z cv‡i

• PvgP w`‡q Lvevi gy‡L w`‡j, †mB Lvevi wRnŸv w`‡q wfZ‡ii w`‡K †V‡j w`‡q Zv wM‡j wb‡Z cv‡i

• Ab¨vb¨ ai‡bi Lvev‡ii ¯^v` wb‡Z PvB‡e

• mvgvwRK wgjvwgkv ïi“ Ki‡Q| Abïv †hme KvR Ki‡Qb, †m¸‡jv‡Z †hvM †Ìqvi g‡a¨ GKUv Avb›` Av‡Q, Zv ey‡S|

• †PvL I nv‡Zi mgš^‡q KvR Kivi ¶gZv M‡o DV‡Q| Gi gv‡b n‡jv, GUv IUv nvZ w`‡q Zz‡j wb‡q gy‡L †Ìqvi †Póv K‡i|

wkïi gy‡L cÖ_‡g AwZ Aí Lvevi ‡`‡eb| `yB GK w`b ci ci ïaygvÎ GK ev `yB ai‡bi bZzb ¯^v‡ì Lvevi †`‡eb| cÖ_g w`‡K Avcbvi wkï nq‡Zv GK `yB PvgP gy‡L wb‡qB gyL wdwi‡q †b‡e| ¯v ’ evb wkïi Rvbv _v‡K KZUzKz †L‡Z n‡e ev bv n‡e| myZivs †Rvi K‡i LvIqv‡bvi †Póv Ki‡eb bv| G‡Z LvIqvi ev LvIqv‡bvi ce©Uv †kl ch©šÍ †f‡ Í hv‡e, m„wó n‡e nZvkvi| GB ch©v‡q M y‡Ub (gq`v ev AvUvhy³ Lvevi), wWg A_ev Mi“i `ya LvIqv‡eb bv (136bs c„ôv †`Lyb)|

k³ Lvevi (mwjW dzW) †L‡Z †Ìqv cÖ_g Ae¯’vq wkï‡K `ya †Ìqvi Av‡M I c‡i, Ggb wK `ya cv‡bi mgq ev Avcbvi myweavRbK mg‡q GKevi k³ Lvevi w`‡jB h‡_ó n‡e| wKQy w`b c‡i wkï‡K mv‡_ wb‡q AvcbvivI †L‡Z em‡Z cvi‡eb| mKv‡ji bv¯Ív, `ycy‡ii Lvevi Ges weKv‡ji Pv-we¯‹z‡Ui cÖwZ cÖwZ Af¨¯Í n‡Z wKQy wkïi wZb gvm ev †ewk mgq jv‡M ; wKQy wkï Avevi Lye `ª“Z Af¨¯Í n‡q c‡o| AvbygvwbK cuvP †_‡K Qq gvm eq‡m wkïi nv‡Z cvbxq cv‡bi (wWªsK Gi) Kvc Zz‡j w`‡Z cv‡ib|

127

†jW (wklv) wgwkªZ Lvevi cvwb

GKw`‡bi mycvwikK …Z Lvevi Ñ cÖvq Qq gvm eq‡m mKvj 7Uvq Ñ ey‡Ki `ya|

mKvj 8Uvq Ñ †ewe ivBm w`‡q bvkZv

mKvj 11Uvq Ñ ‡dvUv‡bvi ci VvÛv K‡i †bIqv mv`v cvwb

`ycyi 12Uvq Ñ gvk&W c‡U‡Uv (eZ©v Kiv Avjy) Ges Wvj| wgwó Av‡c‡ji ‡QvU GKwU UzKiv| ey‡Ki `ya A_ev dg©yjv wgé|

weKvj 3Uvq Ñ ey‡Ki `ya A_ev dg©yjv wgé Ges GK ev `yB UzKiv Kjv|

weKvj 5Uvq Ñ K viU Ges wcR wm× Kiv cvwb, gvk&W c‡U‡Uv Ges wP‡Kb, ey‡Ki ya/dg©yjv wgé A_ev †dvUv‡bvi ci VvÛv K‡i †bIqv mv v cvwb|

mÜ¨v 7Uvq Ñ Nygv‡bvi mgq Ñ ey‡Ki `ya/dg©yjv wgé| Dc‡ii mgq ‡jv AvbygvwbK| Avcwb nq‡Zv † L‡Z cv‡eb †h GK GKwU w b Avcbvi Avcbvi Ges Avcbvi wkïi mvg‡b bZzb iƒ‡c nvwRi n‡”Q| Pe©¨ Lvevi I UzKiv Kiv Lvevi ‡Zgb †ewk w`b Gwo‡q Pj‡eb bv| wKQy wkï gm „Y I wgwn `vbvi Lvev‡ii mv‡_ G‡ZvB Af¨¯Í n‡q c‡o †h, fvj fv‡e nuvUv wkLvi eq‡m bv †cuŠQv ch©šÍ ‡Wjv cvKv‡bv ev Pe©¨ Lvevi, †Kv‡bvUvB gy‡L wb‡Z Pvq bv| AwaKvsk Lvevi dK© w`‡q wc‡l wb‡jB h‡_ó nq, Ggb wK k³ Lvevi (mwjW dzW) LvIqv m‡egvÎ ïi“ K‡i‡Q Ggb wkï‡K LvIqv‡bvi RbÏ Zv h‡_ó|

hw Avcbvi evmM„‡ni cvwbi cvBc †j‡Wi (wklvi) ˆZwi nq, wKsev cvwbi U vs‡Ki mv‡_ †j‡Wi (wklvi) ‰Zwi cvBc jvMv‡bv _v‡K, A_ev evBi †_‡K †j‡Wi ˆZwi cvB‡ci ms‡hvM _v‡K, Zvn‡j Avcbvi evmM„‡ni cvwbi g‡a D”P cwigv‡Y †jW (wklv) _vKvi m¤¢vebv i‡q‡Q| hwÌ ¯‹Uj¨v‡Û ‡jW wgwkªZ cvwb GLb Avi †Zgb eo ¯^v¯’¨ mgq bq, Z‡e ev”Pv‡ì †gav I eyw×MZ weKv‡k Lvivc cÖfve Gov‡bvi Rb¨ Lvevi cvwb‡Z †j‡Wi cwigvY wbwðZ K‡i hZUzKz m¤¢e Kg ivLv AZ¨šÍ ¸i“Z ¡c ~Y©|

gvby‡li †`n Lvevi cvwb †_‡K Lye mn‡R †jW Pz‡l †bq| †evZ‡ji `ya cvbKvix wkïiv †h‡nZz dg©yjv wg‡éi gva¨‡g gvÎvwZwi³ cvwb cvb K‡i †m‡nZz GKRb gaëq‡mi cÖvßeq¯‹ †jv‡Ki Zzjbvq G‡ì kixi A‡bK †ewk †jW Pz‡l †bq| Ges cÖgvY i‡q‡Q

†h, cÖvß eq¯‹ †jvK‡ì †_‡K wkï‡ì kix‡i †ewk Ô†jWÕ _v‡K|

Lvevi cvwb‡Z eZ©gv‡b †h cwigv‡Yi Ô†jWÕ i‡q‡Q Zv ¯^v‡¯’ï Rb¨ gvivZ¥K ¶wZKi bq, Z‡e Zv ev”Pvi †gavMZ weKv‡k evav cÖ`vb Ki‡Z cv‡i| GB fv‡e Avcbvi ev”Pv hv‡Z ¶wZMÖ Í bv nq, Zv Avcwb AekB wbwðZ K‡i wb‡Z PvB‡eb|

Gbfvqi‡g›Uvj †nj_ wWcvU©‡g›U (Environmental Health Department) Gi mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM K‡i Avcbvi evmM„‡ni cvwb‡Z ‡j‡Wi cwigvY wbY©q Kivi Aby‡iva Rvbv‡Z cv‡ib| (Gi Rb¨ Avcbv‡K cqmv w`‡Z n‡Z cv‡i| ) cvwb mieivnKvix †Kv¤úvbx¸‡jv †j‡Wi ˆZwi cvBc BZ¨vw` e`wj‡q †bIqvi mycvwik K‡i _v‡K| BZëm‡i, Avcbvi I Avcbvi wkïi cv‡bi Rb¨ g ~j cvB‡ci mv‡_ mshy³ U¨vc (mvaviYZ Avcbvi wKwP‡bi wms‡Ki U¨vc) ‡_‡K cvwb †b‡eb| cÖwZw`b mKv‡j Nyg †_‡K DVvi ci cÖvq GK `yB wgwb‡Ui g‡Zv U¨v‡ci cvwb †Q‡o ivL‡eb| G‡Z iv‡Z †Kv‡bv cvwb †j‡Wi ms¯ú‡k© G‡m _vK‡j, Zv †ewi‡q hv‡e|

wkï‡ì wfUvwgb Wªcm (wfUvwgb Jla) m¤ú‡K© Rvbvi Rb¨ 138bs c „ôv †`Lyb

128


`vuZ DVv GB eqm bvMv` AwaKvsk wkïiB mvaviYZ wb‡Pi gvwo‡Z mvg‡bi w`‡K GK ev `yBwU `vuZ (KZ©K `šÍ) D‡V hvq| Aci w`‡K eqm GK eQi nIqvi c‡iI Avcbvi wkïi `vuZ bvI DV‡Z cv‡i Ges Zv A¯^vfvweK †Kv‡bv e¨vcvi bq| eqm GK eQi ‡cwi‡q hvIqvi c‡iI wKQy wkïi `vuZ D‡V bv| big †ewe Uz_eªv‡k AwZ Aí cwigvY †d ¬vivBW Uz_‡c÷ jvwM‡q ‰`wbK `yBevi Avcbvi wkïi ùvZ ‡g‡R ‡b‡eb| wkïi `vu‡Zi hZœ †bIqv m¤ú‡K© 141bs c„ôv †`Lyb| `vuZ DVvi mgq wK e¨_v nq? `vuZ DVvi mgq KL‡bv KL‡bv wKQy wkï‡K wegl© g‡b nq, hvi cÖK …Z KviY Avgv‡ì Rvbv †bB| `vuZ DVvi g‡Zv AZ¨šÍ cÖvK …wZK I ¯^vfvweK NUbvq e¨_v nIqvi K_v wK?

`vuZ DVvi mgq wKQy wkïi g‡a¨ A¯^w¯Í †`Lv †`q, Z‡e `vuZ m¤ú ~Y©iƒ‡c D‡V hvIqvi ci Zv ` ~i n‡q hvq| `vuZ DVvi mv‡_ mv‡_ GB eq‡mi wkï‡ì gyL w`‡q †ewk K‡i jvjv c‡o Ges Zv Mv‡j Ges _yZwb‡Z Nv m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡i|

wKQy wkïi ‡¶‡Î ÔmyMvid «x wUw_s †RjÕ KvR K‡i e‡j g‡b Kiv nq|

hw Avcbvi wkï‡K † L‡Z wb‡ ÍR Ges ALywk g‡b nq, Zvn‡j g‡b Ki‡eb bv †h Zv vuZ DVv †_‡K Zv n‡”Q| nq‡Zvev wkïi †Kv‡bv AmyL n‡q‡Q| Avcbvi Wv³v‡ii mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM Ki‡eb|

emv, j¶¨ Kiv GB eq‡m Avcbvi wkï:

• mvnvh¨ QvovB K‡qK wgwbU em‡Z cvi‡e

• nq‡Zvev ‡g‡Si Dci w`‡q N‡l N‡l wKsev wcQ‡j GK ¯’vb †_‡K Ab¨ ¯’v‡b mi‡Z cvi‡e| GB eq‡m wKQy wkï MovMwo Kivq `¶ n‡q D‡V ! AZšÍ Aí msL¨K wkï nvg¸wo w`‡Z cv‡i

• wQ`ªhy³ hy³ XvKbv mn cvbxqc ~Y© GKwU Kvc a‡i ivL‡Z cv‡i

• Avcbvi KÚ¯î ïb‡j A_ev †Kv‡bv †Ljbvi mvgMÖxi AvIqvR ïb‡j

A‡bKUv mwVK w`‡K gv_v wdwi‡q wb‡q AvIqv‡Ri Drm †ei K‡i wb‡Z cv‡i|

• Av‡av Av‡av K_v e‡j Ges kã K‡i Avcbvi cÖwZ mvov †`q|

GB ‡jvKwU †K? Avcwb Ges Avcbvi wkï G‡K Aci‡K fvjfv‡e ‡R‡b ‡bIqvi mgq GLbB| Avcwb GLb Zv‡K †`L‡Z cv‡ ”Qb GKRb ¶z`ª Ôe¨w³ gvbylÕ wnmv‡e, † h wb‡Ri cQ›` AcQ‡›ì K_v Avcbv‡K Ô†evSv‡ZÕ cv‡i| m¤¢eZ Avcwb Av›`vR K‡i wb‡Z cvi‡eb eo nIqvi ci Avcbvi wkï kvšÍwkó Ges mnR cÖK …wZi n‡e, bvwK D‡ËwRZ ¯^fv‡ei I AbeiZ Av‡gv` dzwZ©i g‡a¨ _vK‡Z PvB‡e Ñ bvwK kvšÍ Ges jvRyK, A_ev mevi mv‡_ †gjv‡gkKvix Ges ˆn‰PKvix n‡e! Avcbvi wkï nq‡Zv G‡KK cwiw¯’wZ‡Z Ges G‡KK ai‡bi †jvK‡ì mv‡_ G‡KK ai‡bi AvPiY Ki‡e|

129

7-8 gvm

Avcbvi wkï Ges Ab¨vb¨ †jvK

LvIqv wdsMvi dzW big/eZ©v Kiv/A_ev wclv Lvev‡ii cÖwZ Af¨¯Í n‡q hvIqvi ci Avcbvi ev”Pv‡K Av‡¯Í Av‡¯Í ÔwdsMvi dzWÕ †Ìqv ïi“ Ki‡eb| ‡hme Lvevi wkï nvZ w`‡q a‡i wb‡R wb‡R †L‡Z cv‡i †m¸‡jv‡K ejv nq ÔwdsMvi dzWÕ| GB eq‡m †cuŠQvi Av‡M wKQy wkï k³ Lvevi (mwjW dzW) G‡Kev‡iB cQ›` K‡i bv| mvaviYZ Qq gvm eqm †_‡K Ges ÔDBwbsÕ ïi“ Kivi mg‡qi Dci wbf©i K‡i PvgP w`‡q LvIqv‡bvi cwie‡Z©, wkïiv wb‡R wb‡R †L‡Z cQ›` K‡i e‡j g‡b nq| A‡bK wkï wclv Lvevi LvIqvi ch©vqwU AwZ ª“Z †cwi‡q Av‡m, we‡kl K‡i Zv‡ì‡K hw` A‡bKUv c‡i (Qq gv‡mi KvQvKvwQ eq‡m) k³ Lvevi LvIqv‡bv ïi“ Kiv n‡q _v‡K|

GB eqm bvMv` AcwiwPZ †jv‡Ki mvg‡b A‡bKUv mZK©Zv Aej¤^b Ki‡Z, Ggb wK A¯^w¯Í cÖ`k©b Ki‡Z cv‡i, Z‡e Zv LyeB ¯^vfvweK| AcwiwPZ †jvK K_v ejvi †Póv Ki‡j wkïiv A‡bK mgq gv A_ev evevi Kuv‡a gyL jywK‡q †bq|

AcwiwPZ †KD K_v ejvi †Póv Ki‡j Avcbvi wkï nq‡Zv mvov †`‡e, Z‡e Avcbvi Dcw¯’wZ‡ZB ‡Kej Zv Ki‡e|

wKQy wkï Aí wKQy w`b GBiƒc K‡i, wKšÍy wKQy wkïi †¶‡Î Zv Pj‡Z _v‡K Ges Zv Lvivc AvKvi aviY K‡i| wkï‡K i“‡g †i‡L hw` Avcwb †ewi‡q hvb Zvn‡j Avcbvi wkï Zv AZ¨šÍ AcQ›` Ki‡Z cv‡i| Avcbv‡K ZLb evBi †_‡K WvK w`‡q †evSv‡Z n‡Z cv‡i †h Avcwb Av‡kcv‡kB Av‡Qb| †Pv‡Li Avov‡j P‡j †M‡jI Avcwb †h Avev‡iv wd‡i Avm‡eb, Zv Avcbvi wkï GL‡bv eyS‡Z cv‡i bv|

AwaKvsk wkïiB gv-evev QvovI Av‡iv wKQy RbwcÖq †jvK _v‡Kb Ges Zv‡ì mv‡_ wkïiv wKQy KvRKg© Ges wRwb‡mi †hvMm ~Î ‡ei Ki‡Z cv‡i| m¤¢eZ Avcbvi wkï `v`x ev bvbxi evmM„n †P‡b| `v`x ev bvbxi evmM„n †Pv‡L cov gvÎB Avb‡›` Drdzj n‡q D‡V| cwiwPZ †jv‡Ki KÚ¯î ïb‡j †m nq‡Zv ey‡S wb‡Z cvi‡e AgyK ev ZgyK Avm‡Qb, Avi ZvB ‡m Avb›` cÖKvk Ki‡e|

GB eq‡m Af¨vm g‡Zv mewKQy Kiv LyeB ¸i“Z ¡c ~Y©, Ges Af¨v‡m †Kv‡bv cwieZ©b Avb‡j Zv nq‡Zv Avcbvi wkï cQ›Ì Ki‡e bv| nwj‡W‡Z †M‡j Avcbvi wkï nq‡Zv wfbœ K‡U ev i“‡g Nygv‡bv cQ›` Ki‡e bv| w`‡bi †ejvq Nygv‡bvi wbw`©ó mgqUv e`wj‡q wb‡j Avcbvi wkïi gb Lvivc n‡Z cv‡i Ges Aw¯’iZv cÖ`k©b Ki‡Z cv‡i|

Lv`¨ ªe¨ ‡K‡U Ggb fv‡e UzKiv ev dvwj dvwj K‡i wbb, hv‡Z Avcbvi ev”Pv Zv mn‡R ai‡Z, wPev‡Z A_ev Pzl‡Z cv‡i| DbœZ gv‡bi ÔwdsMvi dzWÕ n‡jv:

• ‡eªW, †UŠ÷, wcVv, bvb †eªW A_ev PvcvwZi cvZjv UzKiv

• Av‡cj, ‡cqv‡ii cvZjv UzKiv • K¨vi‡Ui, †mjvwii, klvi KvwV

• ‡MÖB‡UW wPR, K‡UR wPR, KzwP KzwP K‡i KvUv ZvRv dj Ges wclv Kjvi †QvU m¨vÛDBP

• wgwónxb wPR we¯‹zU (‡h¸‡jv‡Z jeb †bB) • ‡UŠ‡÷i Dc‡i wP‡Ri j¤^v UzKiv A_ev wc¾v

• wP‡Ri UzKiv • wewfbœ AvK …wZi ivbœv Kiv cv¯Ív Ñ ‡MvjvK …wZi, A_ev

bvbvb AvK…wZi g¨vKv‡ivwbi UzKiv wkïiv mn‡R Zz‡j wb‡Z cv‡i

• ivbœv Kiv mewR| ÁvZe¨: wkïi LvIqvi mgq me©`v Zvi cv‡k _vK‡eb, ejv hvq bv Mjvq †Kv‡bv wKQy AvU‡K wM‡q k¦vmi“× n‡Z cv‡i| eqm AšÍZc‡¶ Qq gvm nIqvi Av‡M My‡Ub (gq`vi ˆZwi Lvevi), wWg A_ev Mi“i ya †`‡e bv|

cÖvq mvZ †_‡K AvU gvm eq‡m Avcbvi wkïi Kvb Ges †PvL cix¶v Kiv n‡e| Avcbvi wkï‡K ‡Ljv Kivi Rb¨ wKQy †Ljbv BU †Ìqv n‡Z cv‡i| Zvi g‡bi K_v Av`vbcÖ`v‡bi (K_vevZ©v) ejvi `¶Zv m¤ú‡K© Avcbvi KvQ †_‡K †R‡b †bIqv n‡e| BU w`‡q †Ljvq Avcbvi wkï fvj Ôcvi`k©xZvÕ cÖ`k©b Ki‡Z bv cvi‡j †Kv‡bv wPšÍv Ki‡eb bv| ‡Kv‡bv wPšÍbxq KviY _vK‡j cix¶vwU cybivq m¤úbœ Kiv hv‡e| Avcbvi ev”Pv wK wK Ki‡Z cv‡i ev cv‡ib bv, †m m¤ú‡K© Avcbvi ch©‡e¶Y Ges AwfÁZv m¤ú‡K© ejvi Rb¨ Avcbv‡K Aby‡iva Kiv n‡e| Avcbvi ev”Pvi weKvk hvPvBKi‡Y G¸‡jvI ¸i“Z¡c~Y© Ges g~jëvb Ae`vb ivL‡e|

130

R‡b¥i wØZxq Qq gv‡m wkïi LvIqv`vIqv m¤ú‡K© Av‡iv Rvbvi 136bs c„ôv †`Lyb|

wbivcËv Ges Avcbvi ev”Pv wkïi R‡b¥i ci †_‡KB wbivcËvi w`‡K †Lqvj ivLv ïi“ Ki‡Z nq|

Mvwoi wfZ‡i †Kv‡bv mvnvh¨ QvovB A‡bK mgq wb‡R wb‡R em‡Z mg_© nIqvi c ~e© ch©šÍ wkï‡K wcQ‡bi w`‡K gyL Kiv Ae¯’vq ivLv GKwU Ô†ewe wm‡UÕ ivL‡Z n‡e| †h wm‡U Di“i A_ev Kuv‡ai wmë‡ej i‡q‡Q †mB wm‡U Ô†ewe wmUÕ ivLv hv‡e| Z‡e c¨v‡mÄvi Gqvie¨vM i‡q‡Q Ggb †Kv‡bv Mvwoi mvg‡bi wm‡U wkï‡K KL‡bvB ivL‡e bv| evmM„‡n

wkï hLb MovMwo Kiv ïi“ K‡i ZLb A‡bK gv-evev Avðh© n‡q hvb| Avcwb K‡qK gyû‡Z©i Rb¨ wcQ w`‡jb, wKšÍy wd‡iB †`L‡Z †c‡jb †h †m Av‡Mi RvqMvq Avi †bB! †h †Kv‡bv eq‡mi wkï‡K DuPzwbPz †Kv‡bv mgZ‡j GKv †i‡L hv‡eb bv| KviY MovMwo K‡i c‡o wM‡q AvNvZ †c‡Z cv‡i| †Lqvj ivL‡eb: • B‡jKwUªwmwU PvwjZ †Kv‡bv hš¿cvwZi

Zvi ev Iqv‡ii cÖwZ • D¤§ y³ B‡jKwUªK¨vj m‡KU Ñ

c vw÷‡Ki Ôm‡KU KvfviÕ wK‡b wb‡q ‡QvU Av½yj cÖ‡e‡ki g‡Zv wQ`ª eÜ K‡i w`b A_ev AvmevecÎ w`‡q m‡K‡Ui Kv‡Q hvIqvi c_ eÜ K‡i w`b

• †cvlv cÖvYxi Rb¨ eënv‡ii wRwbmc‡Îi cÖwZ Ñ †hgb weov‡ji g‡ji cvÎ, Lvev‡ii cvÎ, Suywo

• Szjv‡bv †Uwej K ¬_

• ‡g‡S‡Z c‡o _vKv ‡QvU †QvU wRwbm, †hgb wkïi eo fvB ev †ev‡bi †Ljbv

• Mig cvbxq (Pv, Kwd)| wkï‡K Di“i Dci ev †Kv‡j †i‡L KL‡bvB Mig cvbxq cvb Ki‡eb bv|

eë¯’v wbb • Avcbvi evmM„‡n † §ŠK Gjvg© jvMv‡bv bv

_vK‡j Zv jvwM‡q wbb| cÖwZwU Zjvq GKwU K‡i Gjvg© jvMv‡j Av‡iv fvj n‡e| † §ŠK Gjvg© Kvh©Ki Ae ’vq Av‡Q wK bv, Zv wbqwgZ fv‡e hvPvB K‡i †b‡eb|

• Bgv‡R©wÝ Ae¯’vq, †hgb Av¸b jvM‡j Avcwb Ges Avcbvi cwiev‡ii mevBi †ewi‡q hvIqvi c_¸‡jv wVK K‡i I wP‡b ivLyb|

• ‡Lvjv Av¸b A_ev Pzjvq dvqvi MvW© (Av¸b cÖwZi¶v eë¯’v) jvwM‡q wbb|

• wKwP‡b Ges ev_i“‡g GKwU K‡i

hvZxq miÄv‡g cwic ~Y© dv÷© GBW wKU (cÖ_vwgK wPwKrmvi ev·) ivLyb|

• AwZ i“Z¡c~Y© †Uwj‡dvb bv¤vi (Wv³v‡ii, nvmcvZv‡ji, Rxeb-mv_xi A_©vr ^vgx ev ¿xi Kg© ’‡ji, BZvw i) †Uwj‡dv‡bi Kv‡Q ivLyb hv‡Z K‡i Bgv‡R©wÝ cwiw ’wZ‡Z †KD Zv ª“Z ‡c‡q †h‡Z cv‡ib|

• wmuwoi yB gv_vq †mBdwU †MBU jvwM‡q wbb| KL‡bv KL‡bv wkï‡K †Kv‡bv i“‡gi evB‡i ivL‡Z, †hgb wKwP‡bi evB‡i ivL‡Z PvB‡j, †mB i“‡gi cÖ‡ek iRvqI GKwU †MBU jvwM‡q wbb| †MBU jvMv‡bvi c‡iI Avcbviv G‡K Aci‡K † L‡Z Ges ÔK_vÕ ej‡Z cvi‡eb|

• wmuwo‡Z †Kv‡bv wKQy ivL‡eb bv Ñ KviY wkï‡K †Kv‡j wb‡q DVvbvgv Kivi mgq Avcbvi cv wcQ‡j †h‡Z cv‡i, A_ev wmuwo w`‡q DVvbvgv Kiv wkL‡Q Ggb ev”Pv nq‡Zv †nvuPU †L‡Z cv‡i A_ev AvNvZ †c‡Z cv‡i|

• Kvev‡W©i ìRvq, wbPz Wªqv‡i, wd «‡R, wd «Rv‡i A_ev wec`RbK wKsev wech©q m„wóKvix wRwbmcÎ ivLvi †h †Kv‡bv ¯’v‡b Ô†mBdwU K¨vPÕ j vwM‡q wbb|

Avcbvi wkï hLb nvgv¸wo †`‡e, AvmevecÎ a‡i ‡NvivNywi Ki‡e A_ev nvuU‡e ZLb wec` NUvi

m¤ ¢vebv †e‡o hv‡e|

131

• welv³ ªe (Jla Ges U ve‡jU, weP, cwi®‹vi cwi”QbœZvi mvgMÖx, eb MvQMvQvwj aŸsk Kivi Jla mn) bvMv‡ji evB‡i Zvjv †g‡i ivL‡eb

• Mig Zij c`v_©, cvÎ, Pv Ges Kwdi cvÎ, BZ¨vw` me©`v bvMv‡ji evB‡i ivL‡eb|

• Pzjvq emv‡bi mgq mm‡c‡bi nvZj wcQ‡bi ivL‡eb Ges h_v m¤¢e †¶‡Î wcQ‡bi ÔwisÕ eënvi Ki‡eb|

cÖwZi¶v

• ìRv Ges †Uwe‡ji DcwifvM mn

wkï bvMv‡ji g‡a¨ M v‡mi ˆZwi †Kv‡bv AvmevecÎ _vK‡j, Ô†mBd& wU M vmÕ jvwM‡q wbb|

• wfwWI Ges †Uwjwfk‡bi K‡›Uªv‡ji Dci ÔMvW©Õ jvwM‡q wbb|

• ìRv ìvg K‡i †j‡M wM‡q hv‡Z Avcbvi wkïi Av½y‡j wPcv jvM‡Z bv cv‡i ‡mBRb¨ ìRvq GKwU †Vm ev †Wvi ÷c eënvi Ki‡eb| A_ev mvg‡bi nvZj †_‡K wcQ‡bi nvZj ch©šÍ GKwU GKUv Kvco †e‡a ‡b‡eb| G‡Z iRv cy‡ivcywi eÜ n‡Z cvi‡e bv|

KL‡bvB wkï‡K ev‡_ †i‡L P‡j Avm‡eb bv, A_ev evmM „‡ni wfZ‡i wKsev evB‡i cvwbi wbK‡U GKv ivL‡eb bv Ñ GKwU evjwZi K‡qK BwÂ cwigvY cvwbI wec` †W‡K Avb‡Z cv‡i|

hLb Avcbvi wkï K_v ej‡Z mg_© n‡e

ZLb Zv‡K Zvi cy‡iv bvg wkLv‡eb| yB eQi

eq‡mi wKQy ev”Pv wb‡Ri wVKvbv, Ggb wK wb‡R‡ i

†dvb bv¤vi ch©šÍ ej‡Z cv‡i| kwcs †m›Uv‡i

A_ev e¨¯Í ¯’v‡b KL‡bv Avcbvi ev”Pv

Avcbvi KvQ wew”Qbœ n‡q †M‡j Ô†Uwj‡dvb

bv¤^vi Rvbv _vKvÕ AZ¨šÍ Kv‡R jvM‡Z

cv‡i|

Avcbvi †nj_ wfwRUv‡ii nq‡Zv wewfbœ ai‡bi Ô†jŠb w¯‹gÕ m¤ú‡K© Rvbv Av‡Q| Gme w¯‹‡gi

AvIZvq wbivcËvi miÄgvw` avi †bIqv hvq, A_ev mvgvb¨ cqmv w`‡q fvov Avbv hvq|

‡iv` †_‡K cÖwZi¶v KwP wkï Ges nvuUv wkL‡Q Ggb ev ”Pv‡ì‡K me©`v †iv` †_‡K i¶v Ki‡eb| Qq gv‡mi wb‡Pi eq‡mi wkï‡ì‡K m ~‡h©ï mivmwi Av‡jv †_‡K m¤ú ~Y©iƒ‡c evuwP‡q ivL‡Z n‡e| hLbB m¤¢e n‡e ZLbB Avcbvi ev ”Pv‡K Qvqvi wb‡P ivL‡eb, Ges Ômvb‡nUÕ eënvi Ki‡eb A_ev cÖvg wKsev cyk‡Pqv‡i Ômvb‡kWÕ jvwM‡q †b‡eb| hw` †iŠ`ªgq †Kv‡bv w`‡b ev”Pv‡K wb‡q mgy`ª ˆmK‡Z A_ev evMv‡b hvb, Ges †m nvgv¸wo †`q A_ev nuv‡U ZLb me mgq Zv‡K Qvqvi g‡a¨ ivLv KwVb n‡Z cv‡i| D”P Ô†cÖv‡UK&kb d¨v±iÕ hy³ (Kgc‡¶ 25) ev”Pv‡ì sun-screen (mvb-w¯Œb) wµg eënvi Ki‡eb| wU-kvU© Ges gv_vq Ô‡nUÕ cwi‡q †b‡eb| weª‡U‡bi cÖLi Mi‡gi mgq `ycy‡i wfZ‡i _vK‡eb (A_ev Mi‡gi †Kv‡bv †`‡k nwj‡W‡Z ‡M‡j cÖ‡Z¨K `ycy‡i wfZ‡i _vK‡eb)| Mi‡gi mgq Avcbvi ev”Pv‡K †ewk K‡i cvbxq cvb Kiv‡bviI cÖ‡qvRb n‡e|

132


wkïi Pjv‡div

10 gvm eqm bvMv` AwaKvsk wkïB nvgv¸wo w`‡Z cv‡i, Ges wKQy wkï AvmevecÎ a‡i Avmevec‡Îi Pvicv‡k ‡NvivNywi Ki‡Z cv‡i| AwaKvsk wkïB Avmevec‡Î fi w`‡q `vuov‡Z cv‡i, Z‡e `vuov‡bv Ae¯’v †_‡K cybivq †g‡S‡Z †h‡Z n‡j acvm K‡i c‡o hvq|

†m Avi wK wK Ki‡Q? GL‡bv nq‡Zv wkïwU Avcbvi KvQ †_‡K mi‡Z Pvq bv| ‡hme wkï GB ch©vqwU cvi n‡q Av‡mwb, †mme wkï nq‡Zv GB eq‡m Zv Ki‡e| AcwiwPZ †Kv‡bv ¯’v‡b ev †jv‡Ki mvg‡b wkï Avcbvi ‡Kv‡j, A_ev Kv‡Q _vK‡Z PvB‡e|

GB eq‡m wkïiv Av‡iv ‡h `¶Zv¸‡jv AR©b K‡i _v‡K †m¸‡jv n‡jv:

• A‡bKUv Abo n‡q em‡Z cv‡i, Ges ‡gvo wb‡q A_ev nvZ evwo‡q †Ljbv BZ¨vw` ai‡Z cv‡i, Ges Zv Ki‡Z wM‡q me mgq c‡o hvq bv|

• †QvULv‡Uv wRwb‡m ZR©bx Av½yj w`‡q †LuvPv gvi‡Z cv‡i| †Kv‡bv wQ`ª †`L‡Z †c‡j Av½yj †XvKv‡bvi †Póv K‡i| (we‡kl ai‡bi AveiY w`‡q B‡jKwUªK m‡KU †X‡K ivL‡eb|)

• †QvULv‡Uv wRwbm Zz‡j †bIqvi Rb¨ nv‡Zi Av½yj Ges Zvjy KvQvKvwQ wb‡q G‡m AvuU K‡i †bq|

• ÔwdsMvi dzWÕ A‡bKUv fvjfv‡eB wb‡R

wb‡R †L‡Z cv‡i, Z‡e GL‡bv PvgP eënvi Ki‡Z cv‡i bv

• K‡Ú ‡evaMg¨ kã K‡i, †hgb ÕgvgvgvÕ Ges Ô`v`v`vÕ| Avcbvi wKQy KÚ¯î AbyKiY Ki‡Z cv‡i

• nvwmi D‡`ªK K‡i Ggb kãvejx

AbyKiY Ki‡Z cQ›` K‡i

wRnŸv ‡ei K‡i AgvwR©Z kã Ki‡Z Ges `vu‡Z wRnŸv jvwM‡q Pz‡gv LvIqvi g‡Zv kã Ki‡Z cQ›` K‡i

• Avcbvi mv‡_ mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡Z bv PvB‡Z cv‡i, RvgvKvco civ‡bvi mgq †`n k³ K‡i ivL‡Z Ges GKB mg‡q ‰n‰P K‡i AvcwË Rvbv‡Z cv‡i|

• ÔbvÕ, ÕevB evBÕ Ges ÔLveviÕ BZ¨vw` RvZxq k‡ãi A_© ey‡S

• ‡Kv‡bv Kvc‡oi Z‡j ‡Kv‡bv †Ljbv

jyKv‡bvi mgq Zv ZvwK‡q †`‡L, Ges Rv‡b †h †LjbvwU GL‡bv †mLv‡bB i‡q‡Q, Ges weRqxi g‡Zv Kvco mwi‡q wb‡q †Ljbv †ei K‡i †bq

• Avcbvi KvR AbyKiY K‡i djvdj hvPvB K‡i wb‡Z Pvq| D`vniY¯îƒc, GKwU ‡ej evRvb, Zv‡K †`Lvb, Zvi nv‡Z w`b, †m †ejwU †b‡o GKB ai‡bi AvIqvR m„wó Kivi †Póv Ki‡e|

133

9 - 10 gvm

wkïi mv‡_ ‡Ljv Kiv GB eqm bvMv` wkïiv kã ev AvIqvR m„wóKvix †Ljbv wKsev bovP‡o K‡i ev PjvPj K‡i Ggb ai‡bi †Ljbvi cÖwZ LyB AvMÖnx n‡q D‡V| wKfv‡e †Ljv Ki‡Z nq Zv wkï‡K †`wL‡q w`b| Avcbvi wkïi Avb›` Ges AbymwÜrmy kw³ w`‡q †m Zv AbyKiY K‡i †b‡e| wkïiv GUv IUv cix¶v wbix¶v Ki‡Z Ges †b‡o‡P‡o †`L‡Z cQ›` K‡i| mn‡R a‡i ivLv hvq Ggb me wRwbm Zv‡ì Kv‡Q L ~eB AvKl©Yxq| ‡Ljva ~jvi mvgMÖx¸‡jv wbivc` wK bv Ges wkïi Øviv wM‡j †djvi m¤¢vebv i‡q‡Q wK bv, Zv hvPvB K‡i †b‡eb|

Avcbvi Ges wkïi †Ljvi wRwbmcÎ ivLvi GKwU ev· wbb| †Ljvi mvgMÖx ‡jv wb‡q Avjvc Ki“b| mvgMÖx ‡jv m¤ú‡K© eY©bv Ki“b Ges Avcbvi wkï mvgMÖx ‡jv w ‡q hv Ki‡Q, Zv Zv‡K ejyb, †hgb Ñ ÔZzwg ‡h †LjbvwU úk© Ki‡Qv, †mwUi GB cvkUv LmL‡m, Ges H cvkUv gm„Y...Õ| Ô†Zvgvi ev‡·i e vcv‡i Avgvi Kv‡Q wKQy fvj aviYv Av‡Q Ges †m ‡jv n‡jv...Õ| ev‡·i wRwbm ‡jv e jv‡Z _vK‡eb, hv‡Z K‡i Avcbvi wkï me mgqB bZzb †Kv‡bv wKQy LwZ‡q † Lvi my‡hvM cvq|

• myZv †cwQ‡q ivLvi Lvwj jvVvB (G¤úwU KUb ixj)|

• c vw÷‡Ki †QvU †evZj (†evZ‡ji gy‡Li wWcv Ly‡j †d‡j ‡`‡eb)|

• wewfbœ ai‡bi Kvc‡oi UzKivUvKwi|

• PvgP|

• cZz‡ji (†Ljbvi) Kvc Ges †cBU|

• Kv‡Vi ˆZwi BU|

• wW‡gi KvU©b|

• ej| • gPgP AvIqvR K‡i Ggb KvMR|

Round and Round the Garden (ivDÛ GÛ ivDÛ w` Mv‡W©b) Ges This Little Piggy (w`m wj‡Uvj wcwM) RvZxq wdsMvi ‡MBg (Av½ y‡ji †Ljv) Ges n¨vÛ †MBg (nv‡Zi †Ljv) wkïiv Dc‡fvM K‡i| †Ljvi †k‡li gRvi AskUzKz Avmvi Av‡M Avb›` I Drdzj n‡q D‡V| ‡Ljv eÜ K‡i †Ìqvi ci Avcbvi wkï nq‡Zv cybivq Avcbvi nvZ Zz‡j wb‡q Zv Avev‡iv ïi“ Kivq eva¨ Ki‡e| nvZZvwji ‡Ljv wkï‡ì GKvwaK cÖZ¨‡½i mgš^‡q KvR Kivi `¶Zv DbœZ K‡i _v‡K|

Mvb †M‡q, Ges Avcbvi wkïi nv‡Z SbSwb I `yg `vovg AvIqvR m„wóKvix mvgMÖx w`‡q Mvb-evRbv ˆZwi‡Z Avcbvi wkï‡K mvnvh¨ Ki“b|

nvZ w`‡q †PvL †X‡K wb‡q nVvr nvZ mwi‡q wb‡q Sv ejv (wcc-†ev)Õ Ges Ôjy‡KvPzwi (‡ev), BZ¨vw` †Ljv Ki“b Ges j¶¨ K‡i †`Lyb †h, Avcwb jywK‡q _vK‡jI †m eyS‡Z cv‡i Avcwb ZL‡bv †mLv‡bB Av‡Qb|

Avcbvi wkï wKfv‡e †Ljv ïi“ K‡i Zv j¶¨ K‡i †`Lyb| D`vniY¯îƒc, DuPz †Pqvi †_‡K †m hw` †Kv‡bv †Ljbv †d‡j †`q, Zvn‡j ey‡S †b‡eb †h Avcbvi wkï Pvq Avcwb Zv Zz‡j †b‡eb| Avcwb Zv Zz‡j †b‡eb ... Ges †m hw` Zv Avev‡iv †d‡j †`q Zvn‡j Avev‡iv Zz‡j †b‡eb, Ges Gfv‡e †Ljv Pvwj‡q hv‡eb!

Avcbvi †Kv‡bv †Ljv Rvbv bv _vK‡j A_ev †Ljv fy‡j wM‡q _vK‡j Avcbvi †nj_ wfwRUvi wKQy †Ljv Avcbv‡K wkwL‡q w`‡Z ev g‡b Kwi‡q w`‡Z cvi‡eb|

134


Avcbvi cÖvq GK eQi eq‡mi wkï cÖ_g eQ‡ii †kl bvMv` Avcbvi wkïi g‡a¨ wb‡R wb‡R wm×všÍ †bIqvi j¶Y †`Lv hv‡e, Ges Avcwb Zvi wm×v‡šÍ GKgZ bv n‡j nq‡Zvev wei³ n‡e|

wkïiv A‡bK fv‡e gv-evevi mv‡_ mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡Z cQ›` K‡i| D`vniY¯îƒc, R¨v‡KU civi Rb¨ nvZ evwo‡q †`‡e| KL‡bv KL‡bv ÔevB evBÕ ej‡e hLb Zv ejvi Rb¨ Zv‡K Aby‡iva Kiv n‡e| nv‡Z wPi“wb wKsev eªvk w`‡j Pzj Avuov‡bvi †Póv Ki‡e| nvZ evwo‡q w`‡q †Kv‡bv wRwbm Avcbv‡K †Ìqvi Rb¨ ej‡j †m Avcbvi nv‡Z Zv Zz‡j †`‡e| A‡bK wkïB cwiwPZ wRwbmcÎ Av½yj w`‡q †`wL‡q w`‡Z mg_© n‡q _v‡K| Z‡e Avcwb hw` e‡jb, Avgvi bvK †Kv_vq?Õ ZLb ‡m nq‡Zv Av½yj w`‡q Zvi wb‡Ri bvK †`Lv‡e|

GK eQ‡i Avcbvi wkï KZUzKz AMÖmi n‡q‡Q Zv Rvbvi Av‡iv wb‡P wkïi Av‡iv wKQy mvg_© Zz‡j aiv n‡jv †h ‡jvi gva ‡g eyS‡Z cvi‡eb Avcbvi ev”Pv GB GK eQ‡i KZUzKz AMÖmi n‡q‡Q |

• wRwbmcÎ Av½yj w`‡q †`Lvq hv‡Z Avcwb †mwU m¤ú‡K© †Kv‡bv wKQy e‡jb, †hgb,

Ônu¨vÕ GwU jvBUÕ, Ônu¨v, Zzwg hv †`Lv‡ ”Qv †mwU GKwU MvwoÕ| Avgiv Rvwb †h GKUv mvov ev Reve cvIqvi Rb¨ wkïiv GBiƒc K‡i, GKv Ae¯’vq Zv K‡i bv|

• 8 †_‡K 20 gvm eq‡mi g‡a¨ †h †Kv‡bv mgq wkï nvuUv ïi“ Ki‡Z cv‡i| wKQy wkï wmuwo w`‡q DVvbvgvi †Póv K‡i _v‡K (`yN©Ubv Gov‡bvi Rb¨ wmuwoi `yB gv_vq †MBU jvwM‡q †b‡eb|

• GB eq‡m ‡hme wkï nvuU‡Z cvi‡e bv, Zviv nq‡Zv emv Ae¯’vq N‡l N‡l ¯’vbvšÍwiZ n‡e A_ev `ª“Z nvgv¸wo †`‡e, wKsev nvZ I cv‡qi Dci fi w`‡q, Õfvjy‡Ki g‡ZvÕ nuvU‡e|

• A‡bKUv ` ~i †_‡K c ~e©cwiwPZ †jvK‡ì‡K wPb‡Z cv‡i|

• wb‡Ri bvg Rv‡b Ges bvg a‡i WvK‡j cvk wd‡i Pvq|

• A‡bKUv RwUj evK¨ ey‡S †hgb ÔKvcwU †Kv_vq?Õ Ges ÔZzwg wK cvbxq (wWªsK) PvI?Õ

• Avì †mvnvM Ki‡j Ges Pz‡gv w`‡j †mœn cÖ`k©b K‡i|

135

11 - 12 gvm

cvwiev‡ii mevB GKmv‡_ LvIqv Ñ R‡b¥i wØZxq Qq gv‡m wkïi Lvevi

cÖvq bq gvm eq‡m AwaKvsk wkï ey‡Ki `ya/dg©yjv wg‡éi mv‡_ mv‡_ bv¯Ív, `ycy‡ii Lvevi Ges mvÜ¨Kvjxb Pv-we¯‹zU, Ges G¸‡jvi gaeZ©x mg‡q nvjKv Lvevi (mœ¨vKm) †L‡q _v‡K| A‡bK wkï Avevi Av‡iv Av‡M Zv LvIqv ïi“ K‡i _v‡K| Avcbvi wkï GLb wewfbœ Rv‡Zi Lvevi Lvq| Qq gvm eqm †_‡K AwaKvsk LveviB Avcbvi wkïi Rb¨ Dchy³| GB mg‡q (A_ev `y‡ai mv‡_ Ab¨vb¨ LvIqv‡bv ïi“ Kivi Dci wfwË K‡i Av‡iv wKQy c‡i) Avcbvi wkï‡K †hme LvIqv‡bv †_‡K weiZ i‡qwQ‡jb †m¸‡jv LvIqv‡bv ïi“ K‡i w`‡Z cv‡ib|

bvbv b ai‡bi Lvevi

bZzb Lvev‡ii g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q:

• M y‡Ub hy³ †mwi‡q¨j| M‡gi AvUvq, M‡gi AvUvi ‰Zwi Lv`¨`ª‡e¨, †hgb †eªW Ges wewfbœ ai‡bi bv¯Ívi †mwi‡q¨j, Ges gq`vi ˆZwi AwaKvsk Lv`¨`ª‡e¨ (cv¯Ívq) M y‡Ub _v‡K|

• Qq gvm eqm †_‡K AwZ-wm× wW‡gi Kzmyg Ges AvU gvm eqm †_‡K Kzmyg mn wW‡gi mv`v Ask|

• k³ wPR ev cwbi (N‡l KzwP KzwP Kiv) Mwj‡q wb‡q A_ev †QvU †QvU UzKiv K‡i wb‡q)

fvwR Kiv Lvevi Ges gmjvhy³ Lvevi mxwgZ ivL‡eb| wkïi Lvev‡i jeb A_ev wPwb †hvM Ki‡eb bv|

ev`vg ev bvU &m LvIqv‡eb bv| wPbvev`vg ev wcbvU&‡m †hme wkïi cÖwZwµqv nq e‡j g‡b nq, Zv‡ì‡K wZb eQi eqm ch©šÍ Zv LvIqv‡bv †_‡K weiZ _vK‡Z n‡e, Ges Wv³v‡ii Øviv cix¶v Kwi‡q wb‡q mgm¨v wbY©q wb‡Z n‡e| ZvQvov, cvuP eQ‡ii wb‡Pi eq‡mi ev”Pv‡ì‡K Av¯Ív wPbvev`vg ‡L‡Z bv †ÌqviI mycvwik Kiv nq KviY Zv Mjvq AvU‡K wM‡q k ¦vmi“× cv‡i|

Qq gvm eqm †_‡K ev”Pvi Lvevi ivbœv Kivi mgq Zv‡Z Aí cwigvY Mi“i ¯^vfvweK `ya †hvM Ki‡Z cvi‡eb, Z‡e eqm AšÍZc‡¶ GK eQi bv nIqv ch©šÍ wkïi Rb¨ DËg `ya n‡jv ey‡Ki `ya A_ev dg©yjv wgé| wkï A_ev nuvUv wkL‡Q Ggb eq‡mi ev”Pv‡ì‡K Pv cvb Kiv‡bv wVK bq Ñ Zv †`‡ni †jŠn c`v_© (Avqib) Pz‡l ‡bIqvi ¶gZv Kwg‡q †`q| Avcbvi wkïi LvIqvi i“wP w ‡b w ‡b cwieZ©b n‡e, hv LyeB ^vfvweK| wKQy wkïi †¶‡Î † Lv hvq †h, R‡b¥i cÖ_g eQ‡ii †k‡li w ‡K LvIqvi cwigvY K‡g hvq| Avcbvi wkï hZ¶Y ch©šÍ ¯^v¯’ëvb Ges nvwmLywk _vK‡e, Ges evo‡Z _vK‡e ZZ¶Y ch©šÍ Zv †Kv‡bv wPšÍbxq e¨vcvi bq, Ggb wK IRb Lye Av‡¯Í Av‡¯Í evo‡Z _vK‡jI|

c~e©-cÖ¯ÍyZK…Z wkï Lvevi AwaKvsk wkï‡KB evRvi †_‡K Lwi` K‡i Avbv cye©-cÖ¯ÍyZK…Z wkï Lvevi LvIqv‡bv nq| Gme Lvevi ˆZwi Kivi mgq mvaviYZ AwZwi³ jeb ev K …wËg c`v_© †hvM Kiv nq bv| ZvÕQvov G¸‡jv wec‡ì KvÛvwi Ges mn‡R eënvi Kiv hvq|

Z‡e Avcbvi wkïi Rb¨ evRv‡ii c ~e©-cÖ¯ÍyZK …Z Lvev‡ii ‡Kv‡bv cÖ‡qvRb †bB| N‡i Lvevi ˆZwi Ki‡Z nq‡Zv wKQyUv mgq e¨q n‡e| Avcbvi wkï hv‡Z wbqwgZ fv‡e N‡i ‰ZwiK …Z bvbv ai‡bi Lvev‡ii ¯^v` ‡bIqvi my‡hvM cvq, Zv wbwðZ K‡i wb‡j Aek¨B GKUv fvj dj cv‡eb| cÖPzi †ewe dzW (evRv‡ii c ~e©-cÖ¯ÍyZK …Z Lvevi) Lvq Ggb wKQy wkï †kl ch©šÍ nq‡Zv ÔAvmjÕ Lvevi †L‡Z PvB‡e bv, Ges evRv‡ii Lvevi †L‡q Af¨¯Í n‡q hvIqvi Kvi‡Y wKQy wkïi Avmj Lvev‡i †QvU †QvU ÔUzKivUvKwiÕ Mjvq AvU‡K wM‡q ewgi D‡`ªK K‡i|

136

cvwievwiK Lvev‡i Af¨¯Í K‡i Zzj‡Z Avcbv‡K A‡bK w`b âh©¨ aivi ìKvi n‡Z cv‡i|

evRv‡ii c ~e©-cÖ¯ÍyZK …Z Lvev‡ii cywóKi Dcv`vb we‡ePbv K‡i †`Lv cÖ‡qvRb| evRv‡ii wkï Lvev‡i we‡kl K‡i Avnv‡ii †kl c‡e© cwi‡ek‡bi wgóv‡bœ (wWRv‡U©) AwZwi³ wPwb †hvM Kiv nq Ges wgwói gvÎv A‡bK †ewk nq| evRv‡ii c~e©-cÖ ÍyZK…Z A‡bK Lvev‡i cvwbi cwigvY Lye †ewk _v‡K| ZvB Lvevi Nb Kivi Rb G ‡jv‡Z †k¦Zmvi RvZxq c v_©I eënvi Kiv nq| ‡k¦Zmvi c v_© ¶wZKi bv n‡jI G ‡jv‡Z cywóKi Dcv vb Kg _v‡K, Ges v‡gi Zzjbvq wRwbm ‡jv fvj bq| cywó

cÖ‡kœi Reve

cÖ. Avgvi wkïi KLb Kvc eënvi Ki‡Z cvi‡e? D. cÖvq cuvP ev Qq gvm eq‡m †Kv‡bv GK mgq Kvc eënvi Kiv ïi“ Ki‡eb|

cÖ_g Ae¯’vq Avcbvi wkï‡K mvnvh¨ Kivi ìKvi n‡e|

cÖ. Avgvi wkï‡K KLb ey‡Ki ya †Ìqv

eÜ Ki‡ev? D. GwU wbf©i K‡i Avcbvi Dci| Avcwb Ges Avcbvi wkï hZ¶Y ch©šÍ PvB‡eb ZZ¶Y ch©šÍ ey‡Ki `ya Pvwj‡q hv‡eb| World Health Organization (Iqvì© †nj_ I‡M©bvB‡Rkb Ñ wek ¦ ¯^v¯’¨ ms¯’v) ‡_‡K Kgc‡¶ cuvP eQi ch©šÍ ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bvi mycvwik Kiv nq| Zv bv n‡j AšÍZc‡¶ R‡b¥i wØZxq eQ‡ii gvSvgvwS bvMv` ev Av‡iv c‡i ey‡Ki `ya eÜ Ki‡j fvj nq| wek ¦e¨vcx A‡bK gv GK eQ‡iiI †ewk mgq ey‡Ki `ya cvb Kivb| Aí cwigvY ey‡Ki `yaI ¯^v‡¯’¨ i Rb¨ fvj| wkïi eqm hvB †nvK bv †Kb, Zvi Rb¨ ey‡Ki `ya me mgqB ¯^v¯’¨Ki| Breastfeeding: Getting Off to a Good Start (†eª÷dxwWs: †Mvwqs Ad Uz G ¸W ÷vU©) bv‡gi cÖPvicÎwU c‡o wbb| GwU Avcbvi †nj_ wfwRUv‡ii Kv‡Q A_ev ¯’vbxq ¯^v¯’¨ cÖPvi wefvM (†nj_ †cÖv‡gvkb wWcvU©‡g›U)-G cv‡eb|

cÖ. Ges †evZv‡ji `ya?

D. ‡evZ‡ji `y‡ai e¨vcviwU Avjv`v| GKwU wkï A‡bK¸‡jv †evZj ‡kl K‡i †cU f‡i wb‡Z cv‡i, wKšÍy Zv †_‡K AwZ cÖ‡qvRbxq cywóKi nq‡Zv cv‡e bv| Kgc‡¶ GK eQi eq‡m †evZ‡ji `ya †Ìqvi j¶¨ ivL‡eb, Z‡e Gi Av‡M Nygv‡bvi mgq GK †evZj `ya w`‡Z cv‡ib (‡evZj gy‡L wb‡q wkï‡K Nygv‡Z ‡`‡eb bv)| ‡evZ‡ji `y‡ai cÖwZ Avcbvi wkïi †ewk AvKl©Y _vK‡j, µ‡g µ‡g Zv evov‡eb, †hgb cÖ_g Ae¯’vq Lvev‡ii mgq GK Kvc `ya †`‡eb, Ges ‡Kv_vI †eov‡Z †M‡j mv‡_ K‡i Kvc I `ya wb‡q hv‡eb|

‡ewe dz‡Wi †KŠUvq ev c¨v‡K‡Ui Mv‡q ‡jLv c‡o wb‡q gvÎvwZwi³ wgwóhy³ Lvevi Ges †ewk cvwb I †k ¦Zmvi hy³ Lvevi †Kbv cwinvi Ki‡eb| ‡ewk cvwbhy³ Lvevi Nb Kivi Rb¨ †h c`v_©¸‡jv (w_‡Kbvm© Ñ Thickeners), vegetable gum (†fwRU¨v‡evj Mvg), gelatine (wRj¨vwUb), modified starch (†gvwWdvBW ÷vP©) Ges wewfbœ ai‡bi gq`v wnmv‡e †jLv _v‡K| Ômaltodextrin (g¨v‡ëv‡WªwÝb)-IÕ †jLv _vK‡Z cv‡i| GwUI GK ai‡bi †k ¦Zmvihy³ NbZ ¡ ea©K ev cwigvY ea©K Ges cywói w`K w`‡q GwUi †Kv‡bv ¸i“Z ¡ †bB ej‡jB P‡j|

cÖvß-eq¯‹ †jvK‡ì c ~e©-cÖ¯ÍyZK …Z Lvev‡ii c¨v‡K‡U ev †KŠVvi Mv‡q †hfv‡e ‡jLv _v‡K wVK †mfv‡e †mfv‡e wkï Lvev‡ii Dcv`vb¸‡jvI †KŠUvi ev c¨v‡K‡Ui Mv‡qi cÖ_g w`‡K †jLv _v‡K| Kg cvwb I †k ¦Zmvi hy³ Lvevi wKb‡Z wM‡q Avcwb †`L‡Z cv‡eb †h G¸‡jvi `vg †ewk|

137

cÖ‡kœi Reve

mycvwikK…Z GK w`‡bi Lvevi Ñ cÖvq 11 gvm eq‡m mKvj 7Uvq Ñ ey‡Ki `ya/dg©yjv wgé| mKvj 8Uvq Ñ Szwo K‡i fvRv wWg, †UŠ÷, ey‡Ki ya/dg©yjv wgé A_ev dzwU‡q VvÛv K‡i †bIqv mv v

cvwb| mKvj 10Uvq Ñ ey‡Ki `ya/dg©yjv wgé ycyi 12Uvq Ñ †fwoi gvsk Ges wc‡l eZ©v

Kiv Avjy I MvRi (K viU), mvUmygv (mn‡R †Qvjv‡bv hvq Ggb †QvU Kgjv‡jey), ey‡Ki ya/dg©yjv wgé A_ev dzwU‡q VvÛv K‡i †bIqv

mv v cvwb| weKvj 3Uvq Ñ ey‡Ki `ya/dg©yjv wgé, j¤^v K‡i KvUv †eª‡Wi UzKiv| weKvj 5Uvq Ñ `B, µ¨vKvi (GK ai‡bi cvZjv we¯‹zU), wc‡l †bIqv Kjv, ey‡Ki `ya A_ev dg©yjv wgé| mÜ¨v 7Uvq Ñ N ~gv‡bvi mgq ey‡Ki `ya/dg©yjv wgé| Dc‡ii LvIqvi mgq ‡jv AvbygvwbK gvÎ| Avcwb nq‡Zv † L‡Z cv‡eb ‡h cÖwZwU w bB Avcbvi I Avcbvi wkïi Rb wfbœ A_©vr Dc‡iv³ mgqm~Px ûeû AbymiY Kiv Avcbv‡ i Rb m¤¢e n‡”Q bv|

cÖ. Avgvi wkïi Rb¨ ïay wbivwgl Lvevi (†fwRUvwiqvb Wv‡qU) wK h‡_ó?

D. nüv| my¯’ mej _vKvi Rb¨ Avcbvi wkïi gvQ ev gvs‡mi ìKvi ‡bB| wbivwgl‡fvwR wkïiv cÖ‡qvRbxq †cÖvwUb Ges Ab¨vb¨ cywóKi Dcv`vb Zv‡ì Lvev‡ii evKx Ask¸‡jv †_‡K, †hgb †Qvjv, wWg, `ya, kl¨ Ges †mwi‡q¨j †_‡K|

wWg Ges `y»RvZ Dcv`vb wenxb wbivwgl LveviI wkïi ¯^v‡¯’ï Rb¨ fvj, Z‡e Lvev‡i wbw`©ó wKQy cywóKi Dcv`vb cÖ‡qvRbxq cwigv‡Y bv _vKvi SzuwK _v‡K| wbivwgl Lvevi w`‡q Avcbvi wkï‡K KwVb Lvevi †Ìqv ïi“ Kivi wPšÍv-fvebv Ki‡j GKRb dietitian (Wv‡qwUwkqvb Ñ Lvev‡ii e¨vcv‡i we‡klÁ) Gi mv‡_ Avjvc K‡i wb‡j fvj n‡e| Avcbvi GP (wRwc) A_ev †nj_ wfwRUv‡ii mv‡_ Avjvc K‡i Gi eë¯’v K‡i wbb| we¯ÍvwiZ Rvbvi Rb¨ 155bs c„ôvq cÖ`Ë wVKvbvq wPwV wjL‡Z cv‡ib|

¯^v¯’¨Ki Lvevi m¤ú‡K© Av‡iv Rvbvi Rb¨ 13bs c„ôv †`Lyb| wkï‡K wK wfUvwgb Wªcm (wfUvwgb Jla) LvIqv‡bv hv‡e?

Avcbvi †nj_ wfwRUvi A_ev wRwc Avcbv‡K wkï‡ì wfUvwgb Jl‡ai (Bbd¨v›U wfUvwgb mvwc ‡g‡›Ui) civgk© †`‡eb| G¸‡jv wkï‡ì‡K mvaviYZ ‡duvUv wnmv‡e †Ìqv nq| eZ©gv‡b hv mycvwik Kiv nq Zvn‡jv ‡evZ‡ji `ya cvb K‡i Ggb Qq gv‡mi †ewk eq‡mi †hme wkï ˆ`wbK 600 wgwj wjUv‡ii (cÖvq GK cvB‡›Ui) Kg dg©yjv wgé cvb K‡i Zv‡ì Rb¨ nq‡Zv wfUvwgb Jl‡ai cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i| Qq gvm eqm †_‡K †hme wkï GKgvÎ cvbxq wnmv‡e ey‡Ki `ya cvb K‡i Zv‡ì‡K Vitamin D (wfUvwgb wW), Ges †¶Î we‡k‡l Vitamin A (wfUvwgb G) †Ìqv cÖ‡qvRb| GK eQ‡ii ‡ewk eq‡mi ‡hme wkï bvbv ai‡bi cywóKi Lvevi MÖnY Ki‡Q, Zv‡ì nq‡Zv wfUvwgb Jl‡ai cÖ‡qvRb n‡e bv|

138


nvuUv wk¶vi eq‡m †cuŠQv GB gvm¸‡jv‡Z AwaKvsk wkïB nvuUv

wk‡L| Z‡e Aí wKQy ev”Pv GL‡bv Ôemv

Ae¯’vq †g‡Si Dci N‡l N‡lÕ ¯’vbvšÍwiZ

nq A_ev ÔnvZ Ges cv‡qi Dci fi

w`‡q Ôfvjy‡Ki g‡Zv nvu‡U| G¸‡jv‡Z

Zviv GZB `¶ n‡q †h‡Z cv‡i †h,

A‡bK w`b ch©šÍ Zviv nvuUvi †Póv Ki‡e

bv| GB eq‡m wkïiv nuvU‡Z Ges GKB

mg‡q fvimvg¨Zv bv nvwi‡q GK ev `yBwU

eo †Ljbv enb Ki‡Z cv‡i| eo‡ì

mvnvh¨ wb‡q Zviv wmuwo w`‡q ‡nu‡U

DVvbvgv Ki‡Z cv‡i| GB eqm ¯Í‡ii

†kl bvMv` wkïiv GKwU cy‡iv mvB‡Ri

†Pqv‡i wb‡R wb‡R DV‡Z cv‡i, A_ev

‡Ljv Kiv wKsev †Kv‡bv wKQy Zz‡j

†bIqvi Rb¨ †g‡S‡Z Dey n‡q em‡Z

cv‡i|

ev”Pviv wb‡R‡ì nvZ Ges Av½yj wbqš¿Y Ki‡Z cv‡i| †`wL‡q w`‡j wZbwU †Ljbv BU w`‡q ‡QvU UvIqvi wbg©vY Ki‡Z cv‡i| GB eq‡m ‡Kv‡bv wkï Wvb nvwZ bv evg nvwZ, Zv ‡evSv †h‡Z cv‡i Ñ Avcbvi wkïi nv‡Z PK ev †cwÝj Zz‡j †Ìqvi mgq j¶¨ K‡i †`L‡eb †m †Kvb& nvZ evwo‡q †`q|

Lvev‡ii mgq Zviv A‡bKUv fvjfv‡e PvgP eënvi Ki‡Z cv‡i| †h †Kv‡bv wRwbm gyL w`‡q ¯^v` cix¶v Kivi cÖeYZv A‡bKUv K‡g hv‡e|

wkïiv AbymwÜrmy g‡b GUv IUv †b‡o‡P‡o †`L‡Z cQ›` K‡i Ñ nvZj, KvevW© Ges Wªqv‡ii cÖwZ cÖej AvKl©Y _v‡K| ìRvi wcQ‡b wK Av‡Q Zv †`L‡Z Pvq| wkïi GB eqm ¯ÍiwU Avcbv‡K A‡bKUv kvixwiK fv‡e cwikªvšÍ K‡i Zzj‡Z cv‡i Ñ KviY mviv w`bB wkïi wc‡Q wc‡Q _vK‡Z n‡e, me©¶Y †PvL ivL‡Z n‡e!

GB eq‡m †evaMg¨Zv Ges K_vevZ©v ejv ev g‡bi K_v Av`vbcÖ`v‡bi `¶Zv A‡bKUv †e‡o hvq| GB eq‡m ev ”Pviv:

• cv‡Î cvwb XvjvXvwj K‡i, wKQyUv PP©v Kivi ci wewfbœ ai‡bi ÔR¨vwgwZK AvKvi †kªYxe×KiYÕ'†Ljv †Lj‡Z cv‡i|

• ÔK‡_vcK_‡bÕ 6 †_‡K 20 Gi g‡a¨ †h †Kv‡bv msL¨vi kã eënvi K‡i

• kã cybive„wË K‡i A_ev cybive„wË Ki‡Z ej‡j Zv Kivi †Póv K‡i

• Mvb MvIqvi Ges Mv‡b †hvM †Ìqvi †Póv K‡i

• ÔZvgvm KivÕ wk‡L †bq, †hgb

Avcbv‡K Zvgvmvi Q‡j e‡j KzKziwU GB ej‡Q †mB ej‡Q, A_ev Mi“wU GB ej‡Q ‡mB ej‡Q|

• †Ljv Kivi mgq wb‡Ri mv‡_ K_v e‡j| Avcwb Kivi AbygwZ †`‡eb bv Ggb †Kv‡bv wKQy Kivq DcbxZ nIqvi mgq nq‡Zv Avcwb ïb‡Z cv‡eb ‡h ev”Pv wb‡RB wbR‡K ÔbvÕ ej‡Q |

139

13 - 18 gvm

eBcÎ Ges Avcbvi wkï

R‡b¥i K‡qK mßvn c‡iB Avcbvi ev”Pv‡K eB‡qi mv‡_ cwiwPZ K‡i Zzj‡Z cv‡ib| cÖ_gZ Avcbvi wkï‡K ¯’vbxq jvB‡eªix‡Z m`m¨ K‡i wbb, Ges Avcbvi †Kv‡j e‡m ‡b‡o‡P‡o †`L‡Z cv‡i Ggb ai‡bi eB msMÖn K‡i wbb|

Avcbvi wkïi Rb¨ †h †Kv‡bv mvB‡Ri ev AvKv‡ii eB wKb‡Z ev msMÖn Ki‡Z cv‡ib| wkïiv mvaviYZ †QvU, k³, gReyZ Ges mn‡R Dëv‡bvi †hvM¨ cvZvi eB cQ›` K‡i|

Mí Ges Qwe

AvbygvwbK Qq gvm eqm †_‡K Avcbvi ev”Pv AvMvg Abygvb Kiv, Ges GLbB NU‡Z hv‡”Q Ggb NUbvi c ~e©-j¶Y aiv m¤ú‡K© wkL‡e| ‡hme eB‡qi †Kv‡bv cvZv †`Lvi ci c‡ii cvZvq wK n‡e Zv wkïiv eyS‡Z cv‡i †m me eB Zviv Dc‡fvM K‡i| GB ai‡bi eB †_‡K wkïiv A‡bK wKQy wk‡L _v‡K| GKwU wkïi RvgvKvco cwiavb Kiv wb‡q †jLv GKwU eB GB eq‡mi wkï‡ì Rb¨ LyeB Dchy³| GB eB‡q GKwU wkï Zvi RvgvKvco cwiavb K‡i Ges cÖwZwU cvZvqB eBi wkïwU bZzb Rvgv cwiavb K‡i|

GB ai‡bi eB wkï‡K †`Lv‡bvi mgq Ges eB‡qi welqe¯Íy wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kivi mgq, eB‡qi Qwei mv‡_ wkïi Rxe‡b Ges ˆ`bw›`b Af¨v‡mi wgj ev mvgÄm¨Zv wb‡q Avjvc Ki‡eb| D`vniY¯îƒc, c ~‡e© D‡j wLZ eB‡qi wkïwU hLb †gvRv ci‡e ZLb Avcbvi wkï‡K Zvi †gvRv †`Lv‡eb| eB‡qi Qwe‡Z †Kv‡bv gvby‡li gyLgÛj _vK‡j ‡mwUi bvK, †PvL, gyL BZ¨vw` Av½yj w`‡q †`Lv‡eb Ges cÖwZwU A‡½i bvg ej‡eb Gi c‡i GKB fv‡e Avcbvi wkïi Ges Avcbvi bvK, †PvL Ges gyL BZ¨vw` Av½yj w`‡q †`wL‡q w`‡q †m¸‡jvi bvg ej‡eb|

Ggb wKQy eB ivLyb †h¸‡jv wQ‡o ev bó K‡i †dj‡j ‡Kv‡bv wKQy hv‡e Avm‡e bv Ñ cyi‡bv ÔK¨vUvjM eyK (cY¨`ª‡eï Qwei eB)Õ wkï‡ì Rb¨ AZ¨šÍ DËg Ñ G¸‡jvi Qwe m‡gZ

wkï‡ì AskwU wkïiv AZ¨šÍ cQ›` K‡i| GUv IUvi Qwe jvwM‡q Avcwb wb‡R GKwU eB evwb‡q wbb, Ges Ggb me Qwe ‡hvM Ki“b †h¸‡jv Avcbvi Rvbv g‡Z LyeB mgv`‡ii Ges wkïi mv‡_ m¤úK©hy³| eÜ z-evÜe, cwiev‡ii Ges wkïi wKQy QweI ivL‡eb| Avcbvi wkï hw` KzKi, A_ev weovj wKsev Mvwoi cÖwZ Drdzj Zv cÖ`k©b K‡i, Zvn‡j G¸‡jvi A‡bK Qwe ivL‡eb|

140

LvIqv`vIqv Avqib (‡jŠn c`v_©)

Avcbvi ev”Pvi `vuZ

M‡elYvq †`Lv †M‡Q †h BD.†K-i wKQy wkï Ges nvuUv wkL‡Q Ggb ev”Pviv †h Lvevi Lvq, Zv‡Z cÖ‡qvRbxq cwigv‡Y †jŠn Avqib _v‡K bv|

wbgœwjwLZ wb‡`©k¸‡jv AbymiY K‡i fvj Af¨vm M‡o Zzjb:

• `vuZ DVvi ci ciB wkï‡ì Uz_eªvk w`‡q `vuZ eªvk Kiv ïi“ Ki‡eb

• `vuZ eªvk Kivi mgq Aí cwigv‡Y †d ¬vivBWhy³ Uz_‡cB÷ eënvi Ki‡eb Ñ eªv‡ki gv_vq Uz_‡cB‡÷i AwZ nvjKv cÖ‡jc jvMv‡eb|

• `yBwU g ~j Lvev‡ii gaëZ©x mg‡q wkï‡K wPwbhy³ nvjKv Lvevi (mœ¨v·) Ges cvbxq †`‡eb bv| ‡ewk wPwbhy³ Lvevi b ~ bZg cwigv‡Y ivLvi †Póv Ki‡eb|

• cvwb cvb Ki‡Z †`‡eb| d‡ji im w`‡j, cvwb w`‡q Zv cvZjv (1:10) K‡i †b‡eb Ges ‡KejgvÎ g ~j Lvev‡ii mgq¸‡jv‡Z Zv cvb Ki‡Z †`‡eb| ‡evZj w`‡q wgwóhy³ cvbxq cvb Kiv‡eb bv, A_ev w`‡bi ‡ejvq wKsev iv‡Z Nygv‡bvi Av‡M wkï‡K kvšÍ Kivi Rb¨ ‡evZj w`‡q wgwóhy³ cvbxq †`‡eb bv|

• KL‡bvB †Kv‡bv †evZ‡j (A_ev cvbx‡qi Kv‡c) wgwóhy³ cvbxq f‡i wkïi nv‡Z Zz‡j †`‡e bv Ñ G‡Z Zvi mvg‡bi `vuZ¸‡jv `ª“Z ¶qcÖvß n‡Z cv‡i|

wkïi eqm Qq gvm nIqvi ci, A_ev wkïi cÖ_g `vuZwU DVvi ci GKRb †Ww›U‡÷i (`vu‡Zi Wv³v‡ii) mv‡_ wkïi bvg †iwR÷vi K‡i wb‡q cix¶v Kwi‡q ‡b‡eb| wkï‡K wbqwgZ fv‡e ‡Ww›U‡÷i Kv‡Q wb‡q hvIqvi eë¯’v Ki‡eb Ges ‡d ¬vivBW mvwc ‡g›U (†d ¬vivB‡Wi weKí) m¤ú‡K© ‡Ww›U‡÷i KvQ †_‡K †R‡b ‡b‡eb|

¯^v¯’¨ Ges kvixwiK I gvbwmK DbœwZi Rb¨ GB LwbR c`v_©wU AwZ cÖ‡qvRbxq| †hme ev ”Pvi g‡a¨ Avqi‡bi NvUwZ _v‡K, Zv‡ì‡K †`L‡Z wb‡¯ ÍR g‡b nq, kix‡i kw³ cvq bv Ges LvIqvi i“wP Kg _v‡K| Z‡e wKQy ev”Pv‡K Avevi †`L‡Z nvwmLywk Ges ¯^v¯’ëvb g‡b nq Ges Zv‡ì kix‡i Avqi‡bi NvUwZ AwbwY©Z †_‡K hvq|

gvsm, wWg, ‡mwi‡q¨j, †Qvjv (Wvj), ï®‹ dj Ges wKQy kvK mewR‡Z Avqib _v‡K| AvbygvwbK Qq gvm eqm †_‡K Avcbvi wkïi Rb¨ ‡ewk K‡i Avqib cÖ‡qvRb| ey‡Ki `ya Ges dg©yjv wg‡é wKQy Avqib _v‡K, Z‡e Avcbvi wkïi Rb¨ Ab¨vb¨ Dr‡mi AvqibI cÖ‡qvRb| Avcbvi ev”Pv hv‡Z h‡_ó cwigv‡Y Avqib MÖnY K‡i Zv wbwðZ K‡i †b‡eb

• cÖ_g eQ‡i Avcbvi wkï‡K Mi“i `ya (cv¯ÍwiZ †nŠj wgé) bv w`‡q ey‡Ki `ya A_ev dg©yjv wgé †`‡eb KviY Mi“i `y‡a Zzjbvg ~jK fv‡e Kg Avqib _v‡K|

• Qq gvm eqm †_‡K Kgc‡¶ ˆ`wbK GKevi GK Lv`¨vsk (cikb) Avqibhy³ Lvevi ‡L‡Z †`‡eb|

• Vitamin C (wfUvwgb wm) hy³ Lvevi †L‡Z †`‡eb| Vitamin C (wfUvwgb wm) Avqib Pz‡l wb‡Z kixi‡K mvnvh¨ K‡i| djg ~j I kvK mewR‡Z Zv cvIqv hvq (Vitamin C hv‡Z n‡q bv hvq ‡mBRb¨ KvuPv A_ev nvjKv fv‡e ivbœv K‡i eënvi Ki‡eb)

Avcbvi ev”Pv‡K Pv cvb Ki‡Z †`‡eb bv| Pv Avqib Pz‡l †bIqvi ¶gZv Kwg‡q †`q|

141


wkïKvj wcQ‡b †d‡j Avmv GB eq‡mi †kl bvMv` ev”Pviv †ùŠo‡Z cv‡i, Ges Av‡Mi †_‡K Kg c‡o hvq| ev”Pviv wb‡R wb‡R ‡QvU wZb PvKvIqvjv mvB‡Kj mvg‡bi w`‡K (Ges KL‡bv KL‡bv wcQ‡bi w`‡K) Pvjv‡Z cv‡i, Z‡e GB eq‡m Lye Kg ev”PvB c¨v‡Wj eënvi Ki‡Z cv‡i| Zviv eo e‡ji w`‡K AMÖmi n‡q cv w`‡q jvw_ gvivi †Póv K‡i| GB mgq ev”Pv‡ì g‡a¨ Av‡ivnb (†e‡q DVvbvgv Kiv) Ges ÔG‡µv‡ewUK (kvixwiK Kmi‡Zi)Õ `¶Zv Rb¥ jvf K‡i| ev”Pviv GB eq‡m bvMv‡ji evB‡ii ‡Kv‡bv e¯Íy Avbv ev aivi Rb¨ KvíwbK kw³ eënvi K‡i, †hgb †Pqvi A_ev †Uwe‡j P‡o Zv bvMvj cvIqvi †Póv Ki‡e| Zviv g‡bv‡hvM cÖ`k©b Ki‡e| nvZ GZUzKz `„pZv AR©b K‡i‡Q †h, Qq A_ev mvZwU †Ljvi †QvU BU w`‡q UvIqvi ˆZwi Ki‡Z cv‡i| Zv‡ì AbyKiY Kivi ¶gZv †_‡K †`Lv hv‡e †h, Zviv GK GK K‡i eBi cvZv Dëv‡Z cv‡i Ges myB‡Ui (wgwó`ª‡eï) †gvoK Lyj‡Z cv‡i|

ev”Pviv Ab¨‡ì KvR AbyKiY Ki‡Z cQ›` K‡i, Ges GKwU mgeqmxi mv‡_ wg‡j cyZzj, †Ljbv fj yK A_ev ‡Ljbv Mvwo, BZ¨vw` w`‡q eo‡ì KvR AbyKiYg ~jK †Ljva ~jv Ki‡Z cQ›` K‡i| †Kv‡bv wKQy Kiv †_‡K Zv‡ì‡K weiZ ivLv n‡j Zviv ivMvwš^Z n‡q D‡V Ges Zv Pvwj‡q hvIqvi e×cwiKiZv cÖ`k©b K‡i| Ab¨ ev”Pv‡ì‡K nq‡Zv Zv‡ì †Ljbv w`‡q †Ljv Ki‡Z †`‡e bv| `„wó AvKl©Y Kivi Rb¨ Zviv AvcÖvY †Póv Pvjv‡Z cv‡i| Ab¨ ev”Pv‡ì m½ Dc‡fvM K‡i, Z‡e nq‡Zv A_©c ~Y© †Ljv Ki‡e bv, Ges kÎ“Zvc ~Y© AvPiY cÖ`k©b Ki‡e| GB eq‡m AwaKvsk ev”PvB i“¶ †gRvR Ges ivM cÖ`k©b K‡i|

K‡_vcK_‡b, Avjvc Av‡jvPbvq Ggb g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q †kvbvq Avcbvi ev”Pv weivU AMÖMwZ cÖ`k©b Ki‡Z cv‡i, Ges †m:

• `yBwU kã mn‡hv‡M, KL‡bv KL‡bv wZb ev Z‡ZvwaK kã mn‡hv‡M mnR mij evK¨ ˆZwi Ki‡Z cv‡i (†hgb ÕAv¤ § y Av¤§ y ...GLb evwo hvB?Õ)

• Av‡kcv‡ki e¯Íy m¤ú‡K© cÖkœ Ki‡Z cv‡i (†hgb, ÔIUv wK?Õ)

• wb‡Ri bvg Rv‡b Ges Zv eënvi Ki‡Z cv‡i

• mnR wb‡`©k Abyhvqx KvR Ki‡Z cv‡i, †hgb ÔhvI Ges KzKz‡ii wkKjwU wb‡q Av‡mvÕ|

142

19 - 24 gvm

Avcbvi ev”Pv‡K Uq‡jU ‡UªBwbs †Ìqv ev”Pvi wØZxq Rb¥w`‡bi KvQvKvwQ mg‡q ev”Pv‡K cÖmªve I cvqLvbv wbqš ¿Y m¤ú‡K© wk¶v †Ìqv ïi“ Ki‡Z cv‡ib, hwÌ wKQy ev”Pvi Rb¨ GB eq‡m Zv ïi“ Kiv wVK n‡e bv, Av‡iv c‡i ïi“ Ki‡Z n‡e| Uq‡jU eënvi m¤ú‡K© wk‡L wb‡Z ev”Pviv ZLbB cÖ¯ÍyZ n‡q D‡V hLb Zviv:

• '†Zvgvi RyZv †g‡Si Dci iv‡LvÕ Ñ GB RvZxq mnR mij wb‡`©k eyS‡Z cv‡i

• K‡qK N›Uv b¨vcx QvovB Pj‡Z cv‡i

• RvgvKvco †Lvjv ev civi mgq Avcbv‡K mn‡hvwMZv K‡i

• cÖmve cvqLvbvi †eM n‡j Zv eyS‡Z I ej‡Z cv‡i|

hw` Avcbvi ev”Pv GB ch©v‡q _v‡K Ges eZ©gv‡b Avcbvi cwiev‡i Ab¨ †Kv‡bv eo Av‡qvRb (†hgb bZzb evm¯’v‡b hvIqv, nwj‡W‡Z hvIqv A_ev m`¨ Rb¥cÖvß wkï) bv _v‡K, Zvn‡j ev”Pv‡K wk¶v †Ìqvi †Póv Ki‡Z cv‡ib|

Avcwb hv Kivi cwiKíbv Ki‡Qb,Zv Avcbvi ev”Pv‡K ejyb Ges cvi‡j Ab¨vb¨ ev”Pviv wK K‡i _v‡K, Zv Zv‡K †`Lvb| ev”Pv‡K wb‡q Uq‡j‡U hvb Ges Avcwb wK Ki‡Qb Zv Ggb fv‡e eywS‡q ejyb, hv‡Z †m Zv e yS‡Z cv‡i|

GLv‡b wKQy civgk© † Iqv n‡jv †h ‡jv Avcwb AbymiY Ki‡Z cv‡ib|

• ev”Pvi Uq‡j‡U hvIqvi cÖ‡qvRb hw` Avcwb eyS‡Z cv‡ib, Zvn‡j cwUi Dc‡i Zv‡K emv‡eb| hw` cwU eënvi Kivi mgq ev”Pv †Kv‡bv wKQy Ki‡Z cv‡i, Zvn‡j Zvi A‡bK cÖksmv Ki‡eb| ev”Pv †Kv‡bv wKQy Ki‡Z bv cvi‡j Zv ¯^vfvweK fv‡M MÖnY Ki‡eb|

• ev”Pv‡K wb‡q evm¯’v‡b GK `yB N›Uv KvUv‡bvi mgq _vK‡j Zv‡K b¨vcx civ‡eb bv| wKQy mgq ci ci ev”Pv‡K cwUi Dci emv‡bvi †Póv Ki‡eb| ev”Pvi mv‡_ wg‡j GKwU eB‡qi cÖwZ bRi w`‡q cwU‡Z emvi mgqUzKz Avcwb `xN©vwqZ K‡i wb‡Z cv‡ib | cybivq ejwQ †h, hw` ev”Pv ‡Kv‡bv wKQy Ki‡Z mg_© nq, Zvn‡j Zv‡K cÖPzi evnev †`‡eb|

• cwU A_ev Uq‡jU eënv‡ii my‡hvM evovb, Ges gv‡Sg‡a¨ Zv eënvi Kivi K_v g‡b Kwi‡q w`b|

Uq‡jU †UªBwbs-G mvnv‡h¨ Avm‡e hw` Avcwb:

• evm¯’v‡bi wbP Zjvq Ges Dc‡ii Zjvq GKwU K‡i cwU †i‡L †`b, hv‡Z K‡i †m ZvovZvwo Zv‡Z wM‡q em‡Z cv‡i

• evB‡i hvIqvi mgq AwZwi³ c¨v›U Ges †fRv Kvco ivLvi Rb¨ GKwU e¨vM mv‡_ iv‡Lb|

wKQy bv wKQy mgm¨v n‡eB| nvuUv wkL‡Q Ggb me ev”PvB wbf©i‡hvM¨ fv‡e wk¶v jvf Kivi Av‡M A‡bK evi RvgvKvco †bvsiv K‡i _v‡K| hw` Avcbvi ev”Pv w`‡b A‡bK evi RvgvKvco †bvsiv K‡i †d‡j, Zvn‡j Zv‡K Uq‡jU wk¶v †Ìqvi mgq nq‡Zv GL‡bv nqwb| cybivq ev”Pv‡K b vcx civ‡bv ïi“ Kivq †Kv‡bv j¾v †bB| Ab w ‡K cybivq b vcx civ‡bv ïi“ K‡i w ‡j Avcbvi gvbwmK Pvc nq‡Zv jvNe n‡e| RvgvKvco †bvsiv K‡i †dj‡j Aw ’i n‡e bv| cwi®‹vi K‡i †b‡eb Ges ev”Pv‡K ej‡eb †h Zv‡Z †Kv‡bv wKQy hvq Av‡mwb| GB ch©v‡q GKevi eënv‡ii ci †d‡j w`‡Z nq Ggb ai‡bi Ô†UªBbvi c¨v›UÕ A‡bK mgq Kv‡R Av‡m| G¸‡jv ÔcÖmªve cvqLvbvÕ Pz‡l †bq, Avi ZvB ci‡bi RvgvKvco †bvsiv nq bv| ZvÕQvovI G¸‡jv‡K cwU A_ev Uq‡jU eënv‡ii mgq ¯^vfvweK c¨v‡›Ui g‡ZvB †U‡b bvgv‡bv ev DVv‡bv hvq| Z‡e, A‡bK gv-evev G¸‡jv cQ›` K‡ib bv Ñ †KD †KD g‡b K‡ib G¸‡jv cÖvq b¨vcxi g‡ZvB Ges Uq‡jU eënvi cÖvq wk‡L †d‡j‡Q Ggb ev”Pvi g‡a¨ fyj †evSveywSi m„wó K‡i| Uq‡jU †UªBwbs m¤ú‡K© Av‡iv Rvbvi Rb¨ 145bs c„ôv †`Lyb|

143


Avcbvi mvgvwRK ev”Pv

GB eq‡m Avcbvi ev”Pv Ab¨vb¨ ev”Pv‡ì mv‡_ wgjvwgkv Kiv ïi“ Ki‡e, ‡Ljva ~jvi mgq ‡Kv‡bv AvcwË bv K‡iB A_ev bv ey‡SB wb‡Ri cvjv Avmvi c ~e© ch©šÍ A‡c¶vq _vK‡e|

cwU ev Uq‡jU eënv‡ii mgq Avcbvi ev”Pv nq‡Zv wb‡R wb‡R Kvco Lyj‡Z I jvMv‡Z cvi‡e, Z‡e m¤¢eZ Zv‡K wKQyUv mvnvh¨ Kivi cÖ‡qvRb n‡e| GB eq‡m Lye Kg ev”PvB iv‡Zi †ejvq RvgvKvco †bvsiv K‡i bv|

kvixwiK `¶Zvq Avcbvi ev”Pv GLb AvZ¥-wek ¦vmx n‡q D‡V‡Q| †Lvjv‡gjv I wbivc` RvqMvq †ùŠov‡ùŠwo Kivi kw³ AR©b K‡i‡Q| ‡m mnR mij AvK …wZ Ggb wK mij‡iLv w`‡q ˆZwi A¶i (†hgb T A_ev L) †cwÝj w`‡q †`‡L †`‡L wjL‡Z ev AuvK‡Z cv‡i|

ev”PvwU wjWwenxb (XvKbvnxb) Kvc †_‡K cvbxq cvb Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges dK© (KvUvPvgP) eënvi Ki‡Z cv‡i| PvgP w`‡q wb‡R wb‡R LvIqv Zvi Rb¨ GLb mnR KvR|

Avcbvi ev”Pvi K_vevZ©v GLb Av‡iv cwigvwR©Z n‡q D‡V‡Q| AvZ¥xq-¯^Rb QvovI Ab¨vb¨ †jvK‡ì Kv‡Q Zvi K_vevZ©v †evaMg¨| Z‡e wKQy D”PviY Ges me©bv‡gi (†m, Avwg, Zzwg, †Zvgiv, Avgv‡K BZ¨vwì) eënvi GL‡bv ¯úó K‡i †evSv hvq bv|

144

2 Ñ 21/2 eQi

GB ch©v‡q ev”Pviv:

• 200 A_ev Av‡iv †ewk kã eënvi Ki‡Z Ges evK¨ ˆZwi Ki‡Z cv‡i

• wb‡R‡ì cy‡iv bvg Ges m¤¢eZ wVKvbv A_ev UvD‡bi bvg Rv‡b (hw` Zv‡K Avcwb Zv wkwL‡q _v‡Kb)

• Ô‡KbÕ Ges Ô‡KÕ BZ¨vw` cÖkœm ~PK kã eënvi K‡i cÖkœ K‡i

• cwiwPZ †Kv‡bv M‡íi eB c‡o ïbv‡bvi mgq cwiwPZ kã ev` w`‡j, †m mwVK kã w`‡q evK¨ c ~iY K‡i wb‡Z cv‡i| A_ev fvj fv‡e Rvbv Av‡Q, Ggb Mvb †m MvB‡Z cv‡i

• N‡U‡Q Ges/A_ev NU‡Z hv‡”Q Ggb NUbv Avcbv‡K ej‡Z cv‡i|

Uq‡jU †UªBwbs m¤ú‡K© Av‡iv wKQy K_v

AvovB eQi ev GB eq‡mi KvQvKvwQ eq‡mi nvuwU nvwU cv cv Ki‡Q Ggb ‡hme ev ”Pv GL‡bv cwU eënvi K‡i bvB, Zviv nq‡Zv †mvRvmywR Uq‡jU eënvi wk‡L †b‡e| Zviv nq‡Zv GZUzKz eo n‡q‡Q †h, eo‡ì mvnvh¨ wb‡q Uq‡j‡U em‡Z mg_© i‡q‡Q| cÖ_g Ae¯’vq Uq‡j‡U GKwU Ôev”Pv‡ì wmUÕ jvwM‡q wb‡j ev”Pv wbivcËv I ¯^w¯Í †eva Ki‡e| GLv‡b †mLv‡b hvIqvi mgq mv‡_ K‡i cwU wb‡q hvIqv cwinvi Kivi Rb¨ ïi“ †_‡KB Uq‡jU eënv‡ii Rb¨ ev”Pvi cÖwZ evi evi Drmvn †hvMv‡eb| eqm AvbygvwbK AvovB eQi nIqvi Av‡M AwaKvsk ev”PvB Uq‡j‡U hvIqvi cÖ‡qvRb n‡j †ewk mgq mn¨ Ki‡Z cv‡i bv|

145

Avcbvi mwµq ev”Pv wZb eQi eq‡mi †kl cÖv‡šÍ Avcbvi ev”Pv n‡q DV‡e mwµq, cÖvYPÂj I Av ’vkxj, Pjv‡div Ki‡e ¶Zvi mv‡_| ZLb †m wmuwo w`‡q cv `ywU µgvbymv‡i †d‡j †nu‡U Dc‡i DV‡Z I wb‡P bvg‡Z cv‡i (wb‡P bvgvi mgq ev”Pviv mvaviZ wmuwoi †kl gv_vq G‡m `yB cv †Rvo K‡i jvd w`‡q bv‡g)| †m `yB cv‡qi cvZvi AMÖfv‡M fi w`‡q `vuov‡Z cv‡i Ges GB Ae¯’vq nvuU‡Z cv‡i| †m GK cv‡qi Dci fi w`‡q `vuov‡Z cv‡i| G‡Z mv‡_ mv‡_B ‡`n wbqš¿Y nvwi‡q †d‡j bv|

ej Qyu‡o gvi‡j mvaviYZ AvuK‡o bv bv a‡i `yB nvZ w`‡q Rwo‡q ai‡Z cv‡i| c¨v‡W‡j cv †i‡L wZb PvKvIqvjv evBK Pvjv‡Z cv‡i|

GLb Avcbvi ev”Pv ‡cwÝj w`‡q gv_v, nvZ Ges cv Ges Ab¨vb¨ êwkó¨ cÖ`vb K‡i gvby‡li Qwe AvuK‡Z cv‡i, hv †`L‡jB †evSv hvq †h gvby‡li Qwe| GB eq‡m †m is Gi bvg Rvbv ïi“ Ki‡e| mvaviYZ jvj Ges njy` is cÖ_‡g †R‡b ‡b‡e, Ges bxj I meyR is Gi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ wbY©q Ki‡Z nq‡Zv Zvi wKQyUv mgq jvM‡e|

AwaKvsk ev”PvB Kg K‡i n‡jI AvswkK fv‡e wb‡R wb‡R RvgvKvco ci‡Z A_ev Lyj‡Z cv‡i, hw` Zv‡ì RvgvKvco RwUj d¨vk‡bi bv nq| Zviv wb‡R wb‡R nvZ Ges gyL ay‡Z cv‡i, Z‡e nvg gyL fvj K‡i ïwK‡q wb‡Z nq‡Zv Zv‡ì mvnvh¨ jvM‡e|

Zviv Ab¨‡ì mv‡_ wg‡jwg‡k †Ljva ~jv ïi“ Ki‡Z cv‡i, Ges Ab¨vb¨ ev ”Pv‡ì mv‡_ wgQvwgwQ †Ljvq †hvM w`‡Z cv‡i, Ges A‡bK mgq †Ljva ~jvi mvgMÖx w`‡q we¯ÍvwiZ †Ljv ˆZwi K‡i wb‡Z cv‡i|

†m cwiev‡ii †jvK Ges Ab¨vb¨ †jvK‡ì mv‡_ g‡bi K_v Av`vbcÖ`vb Ki‡Z ev K_vevZ©v ej‡Z cv‡i, Ges K‡_vcK_b Pvwj‡q ‡h‡Z cQ›` K‡i|

• ‡m 10 ch©šÍ MYbv Ki‡Z cv‡i hw` Zv wkLv‡bv n‡q _v‡K, Z‡e `yB A_ev wZb ch©šÍ msL¨v¸‡jv Qvov evKx msL¨v¸‡jvi AšÍwb©wnZ gv‡b ‡Zgb †ev‡S bv|

• †m bvm©vwii A‡bK Qov I QovMvb gyL¯’ ej‡Z cv‡i|

• Zvi eqm KZ n‡q‡Q, Zv †m ej‡Z cv‡i|

• ‡m mwVK fv‡e me©bvg eënvi K‡i Ges Av‡iv ï× K‡i D”PviY K‡i|

146


21/2 - 3 eQi

cÖ‡kœi Reve

cÖ. Avwg Avgvi ev”Pv‡K iv‡Z ï®‹ _vKvi wk¶v wKfv‡e †`‡ev?

D. mvaviYZ w`‡bi †ejvq ï®‹ _vKv †_‡K iv‡Zi †ejvKv i ï®‹Zv M‡o D‡V| cÖvq wZb eQi eq‡mB AwaKvsk ev”Pvi GB Af¨vm M‡o D‡ V| Z‡e wKQy ev”Pvi cuvP A_ev Qq eQi wKsev Av‡iv †ewk eq‡mI GB Af¨vm M‡o D‡ V bv | hLb †`L‡eb, GK bvMv‡o K‡qK ivZ ev”Pvi b¨vcx ï®‹ i‡q‡Q ZLb Zv‡K Avi b¨vcx civ‡eb bv| iv‡Z †Kb b¨vcx jvMv‡”Qb bv, Zv ev”Pv‡K ej‡eb| ev”Pvi Rb¨ iv‡Z Uq‡j‡U hvIqvi eë¯’v mnR K‡i †b‡eb| hw` iv‡Z Avcwb wb‡R ev”Pv‡K Uq‡j‡U wb‡q hvIqvi wm ×všÍ †bb, Zvn‡j Zv‡K mRvM K‡i †b‡eb| N~‡gi g‡a¨ wb‡q M‡j Avcwb Zv‡K weQvbvq cÖmªve KiviB wk¶v †`‡eb, hv Avcbvi Kvg¨ bq|

mvZ eQi eqm ch©šÍ iv‡Zi †ejvq weQvbvq cÖmªve Kiv‡K GKwU mgm¨v wnmv‡e †`Lv nq bv| Gi KviY n‡jv eqm evo‡Z _vKvKv‡j A‡bK ev”PviB GB Af¨vm ` ~i n‡q hvq|

Avcbvi ev”Pvi Rb¨ ¯^v¯’¨Ki Lvevi nvuwU nvuwU cv cv Ki‡Q Ggb ev ”Pv‡ì wewfbœ ai‡bi Lvevi LvIqv cÖ‡qvRb (13bs c„ôv †`Lyb)| Z‡e cÖvß-eq¯‹ †jvK‡ì †_‡K Zv‡ì Rb¨ kw³-mg„× Lvev‡ii †ewk cÖ‡qvRb| nuvwU nvuwU cv cv Ki‡Q Ggb ev”Pviv G‡KK ev‡i ‡ewk cwigvY †L‡Z cv‡i bv| Zviv cÖwZ †ejvq Kg †L‡Z Ges `yB †ejvi gaëZ©x mg‡q nvjKv Lvevi (mœ¨v·) †L‡Z cQ›` K‡i| nvB dvBevi ev Auvkmg„× Lvevi (†hgb, †nŠjwgj †eªW, cv¯Ív, Ges †eªKdv÷ wmwi‡q¨j) ¯^v‡` Lye fvj n‡jI G¸‡jv‡Z Lv`¨-kw³ Kg _v‡K| ZvB Gme ‡nŠjwgj Lv`¨`ª‡eï mv‡_ mv‡_ Ab¨vb¨ cÖPwjZ Lv`¨`ªeÏ ev”Pv‡K †L‡Z †`‡eb|

¯^v¯’¨Ki Lvevi

Avcbvi ev”Pvi Rb¨ DbœZ gv‡bi Ges ¯v ’¨Ki Lvev‡ii g‡a¨ _vK‡e kvK mewR, dj, †eªW, †mwiq¨vj Ges kl¨ (fvZ, cv Ív, ‡eªKdv÷ †mwiq¨vj), gvsm Ges gvQ, ya, wWg, y»RvZ ªe¨ (wPR, †d«v‡gBR †d«Bm, `B)|

Avcbvi ev”Pvi i“wP fvj n‡j `yB eQi eqm †_‡KB Zv‡K †mwg-w¯‹gW `ya LvIqv‡bv ïi“ Ki‡Z cv‡ib|

Avcbvi ev”Pv wbivwgl‡fvwR n‡j gvsm Ges gv‡Qi ’v‡b Zv‡K ‡Qvjv (Wvj Ges web) Ges †mvq v Lvevi ‡L‡Z †`‡eb (evKx Lvevi¸‡jv GKB _vK‡e)| wgwó I wPwbhy³ Lvevi hZUzKz m¤¢e Kg LvIqv‡eb, Ges 141bs c„ôvq ewY©Z `vu‡Zi ¯v ’¨ m¤úwK©Z civgk© AbymiY K‡i Pj‡eb|

147

LvIqvi mgm¨v ‡h eQi¸‡jv‡Z wkïiv nvuUv wk‡L ‡mB eQi¸‡jv‡Z mPivPi wkï‡ì g‡a¨ LvIqvi mgm¨v †`Lv †`q| KL‡bv KL‡bv wkïiv A‡bK †ewk, KL‡bv KL‡bv Avevi Lye Kg cwigv‡Y LvIqv`vIqv K‡i| GgbI n‡Z cv‡i †h, cQ‡›ì Lvevi¸‡jv ÔG‡Kev‡iB †Q‡oÕ w`‡Z cv‡i, A_ev AcQ›`bxq Lvevi¸‡jv Zv‡ì Kv‡Q cQ›`bxq n‡q DV‡Z cv‡i|

Zv A¯^vfvweK †Kv‡bv e¨vcvi bq| Avcbvi Avgvi g‡Zv ev”Pv‡ìI wbR¯^ cQ›` Ges AcQ›` i‡q‡Q| ev ”Pv‡ì g‡a¨ wbR¯^ ¯^wbf©iZv M‡o DV‡Q Ges wb‡RB cQ›` K‡i wb‡Z Pvq| ˆ`bw›`b Rxe‡bi Ab¨vb¨ wel‡q wb‡R wb‡R wm×všÍ †bIqvi mv‡_ mv‡_ Zviv wb‡RivB wb‡R‡ì Lvevi cQ›` K‡i wb‡Z Pvq|

wKQy ev”Pvi †¶‡Î Zv‡ì cQ›` AcQ›` wewfbœ m ~Î †_‡K Rb¥ jvf Ki‡Z cv‡i Ñ g‡b nq †hb Zviv Ggb GKwU c„w_ex‡Z Rvbv Ges Ôwbivc`Õ wRwbm cQ›` K‡i wb‡Z Pvq, †h c„w_exwU GLv‡bv Zv‡ì Kv‡Q A‡bKvs‡k wewfbœ ai‡bi weåvwšÍKi I AcÖvwkZ NUbv I wµqvK‡g© ficyi|

gv-evev‡ì g‡a¨ wPšÍv Rv‡M †h, LvIqvi GB Af¨vm¸‡jvi Kvi‡Y wkï Acywó‡Z f ~M‡Z cv‡i| †Kv‡bv wkï hw` Lvev‡ii cÖwZ Awbnv cÖ`k©b K‡i Ges AbeiZ ÔbvÕ ej‡Z _v‡K Ges Lvevi LvIqvi Rb¨ me mgq wgbwZ Ki‡Z nq, Zvn‡j gv-evev‡ì Rb¨ Zv weiw³i e¨vcvi n‡q `vuov‡Z cv‡i|

Z‡e, nvuwU nvuwU cv cv Ki‡Q Ggb eq‡mi wkïi LvIqvi Af¨vm wb‡q hw` Zvi mv‡_ †ewk Sv‡gjv K‡ib, Zvn‡j Zv DbœZ Kiv Av‡iv KwVb n‡q `vuov‡Z cv‡i| GLv‡b wKQy aviYv †Ìqv n‡jv †h¸‡jv mvnv‡h¨ Avm‡Z cv‡i:

• ev”Pv‡K Aí Aí K‡i Lvevi w`b, Lv`¨`ªe¨ Ggb fv‡e UzKiv K‡i wbb hv‡Z gy‡L wb‡q wPev‡Z mnR nq

• LvIqvi mgq Zv‡K †Kvgj my‡i Drmvn Ges evnev †`‡eb

• hw` †m Lvevi wdwi‡q †`q A_ev gvÎ GK `yBevi gy‡L wb‡q Avi †L‡Z bv Pvq, Zvn‡j Zvi ÔB”QvÕ †g‡b wb‡q Lvev‡ii †c BU mwi‡q †b‡eb

• Lvev‡ii mgqUzKz‡K mvgvwRK c‡e© cwiYZ Kivi Rb¨ ev”Pv‡K LvIqv‡bvi mgq AvcwbI †Kv‡bv bv †Kv‡bv wKQy Lv‡eb| ev”Pvi †c BU †_‡K Avcbvi bRi Ab¨ w`‡K wdwi‡q wb‡ZI Zv mvnvh¨ Ki‡e|

• ev”Pv‡K wb‡R wb‡R †L‡Z w`b

• KL‡bvB †Rvi K‡i LvIqv‡eb bv

• Lvev‡ii mgqKvi AvPiY‡K KL‡bvB ev”Pv‡ì‡K kvm‡bi wel‡q cwiYZ Ki‡eb bv (†hgb, ÔZzwg `yó z, Zywg Lvevi LvI bvBÕ BZ¨vw` ej‡eb bv A_ev fq †`Lv‡eb bv)

• `ywðšÍvgy³ nIqvi Rb¨ ev”Pvi IRb hvPvB K‡i †b‡eb

• Lvev‡ii Av‡M `ya cvb K‡i †cU f‡i wb‡Z †`‡eb bv

• nvjKv Lvevi w`‡Z cv‡ib, Z‡e g ~j Lvev‡ii Lye KvQvKvwQ mg‡q †Kv‡bv wKQy †Zgb †ewk ‡L‡Z †`‡eb bv|

• Lvevi wdwi‡q †Ìqvi GK N›Uv c‡i hw` Avcbvi ev”Pv †Kv‡bv wKQy †L‡Z Pvq, Zvn‡j G‡Z †Kv‡bv Sv‡gjv Ki‡eb bv| Zv‡K wKQy †L‡Z †`‡eb Ñ Z‡e g ~j Lvev‡ii †P‡q nvjKv Lv`¨`ªe¨ Avcbvi ev ”Pvi Kv‡Q AvKl©Yxq K‡i Zzj‡eb bv|

• ev”Pvi mvg‡b Zvi LvIqvi Af vm wb‡q Avjvc Ki‡eb bv|

A‡bK mgq mgm¨v Lvivc AvKvi aviY K‡i, Ges ev”Pv‡ì ¯^v¯’¨ `~e©j n‡q c‡o| ev”Pv nq‡Zv cÖ‡qvRbxq me cywó cvq bv|

ev”Pvi eqm m‡šÍvlRbK fv‡e bvI evo‡Z cv‡i, A_ev `vu‡Zi Rb¨ ¶wZKi mxwgZ cwigv‡Y wgwóhy³ Lvevi Qvov Ab¨ †Kv‡bv Lvevi bvI †L‡Z cv‡i|

GB ¶wZ¸‡jv Lye KgB n‡q _v‡K| Z‡e wbqwgZ fv‡e cix¶v Kiv‡bv cÖ‡qvRb| Avcbvi Wv³vi A_ev †nj_ wfwRUvi m¤ú ~Y© ¯^v¯’¨ cix¶vi, Ges m¤¢eZ GKRb Wv‡qwUwkqv‡bi (Lvev‡ii e¨vcv‡i we‡klÁ Wv³v‡ii) Kv‡Q cvVv‡bvi eë¯’v Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

g‡b ivL‡eb, Ggb wK Lye KwP wkïI Awfgvbx n‡q DV‡Z cv‡i| ZvB ‡ewk wPšÍv Ki‡eb bv Ges †nj_ wfwRUv‡ii KvQ †_‡K civgk© I mvnvh mnvqZv wb‡Z fy‡j hv‡eb bv|

148


wkï Ges KwP ev”Pviv AmyL wemy‡Li K_v Rvbv‡Z mg_© bq Ñ Avcbvi ev”Pv Amy¯’ wK bv Ges KZUzKz Amy¯’ Zv ‡evSvi `vwqZ¡ Avcbvi|

R‡b¥i cÖ_g eQ‡i AwaKvsk wkïiB gv‡Sg‡a¨ AmyL wemyL n‡e| nvjKv R ¡‡ii Kvi‡Y wkï Aw¯’ZiZv cÖ`k©b Ki‡Z Ges AbeiZ Kvu`‡Z cv‡i| wKš ‘ gv‡Sg‡a¨ AmyL wemy‡Li j¶Y A‡bKUv ¸i“Zi AvKv‡i †`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i| ZLb Wv³v‡ii mvnvh¨ †bIqvi cÖ‡qvRb n‡e| A‡bK mgq Ggb wKQy j¶Y ev DcmM© †`Lv †`‡e †h¸‡jv Avcwb ai‡Z cvi‡eb bv, Ges Avcwb wPšÍvq c‡o hv‡eb| j¶Y¸‡jv gvivZ¥K wK bv, Zv ZLb Wv³v‡ii KvQ †_‡K †R‡b wb‡Z n‡e| nvjKv AmyL wemyL, †hgb Kvwk A_ev VvÛv jvMv mPivPi n‡qB _v‡K| Z‡e G¸‡jvI Avcbv‡K wPšÍvq †d‡j w`‡Z cv‡i| ZvB G¸‡jv wPšÍvi KviY n‡j Wv³v‡ii civgk© †b‡eb| weij †¶‡Î wkï I ev”Pv‡ì gvivZ¥K, Rxe‡bi cÖwZ ûgwKg ~jK AmyL wemyL n‡q _v‡K|

Wv³v‡ii Kv‡Q wb‡q hvb (A_ev †dv‡b Avjvc Ki“b) hw` Avcbvi wkï‡K:

• wb‡¯ÍR, A_ev ¯^vfvwe‡Ki †P‡q Kg mZK© I cÖvYešÍ g‡b nq, A_ev A¯^vfvweK fv‡e A‡bK mgq Nygvq

• GK N›Uvi †ewk mgq a‡i AbeiZ ewg Ki‡Z _v‡K

• Wvqwiqv nq wKšÍ Zv GK w`‡bi g‡a¨ ` ~i bv nq

• kix‡i †QvU †QvU ¸wU (ivk) †`Lv †`q Ges Zv Mi‡gi Kvi‡Y bv Kvc‡oi Nl©‡Yi Kvi‡Y n‡q‡Q, Zv Avcwb mwVK K‡i ej‡Z cv‡ib bv|

• ci‡bi b¨vcx ïK‡bv _v‡K (cÖmªve cvqLvbv bv K‡i)

• cvqLvbvi is gm„YZv Ggb nq, hv mvaviYZ Zvi †¶‡Î nq bv (gv‡Sg‡a¨ meyR is Gi cvqLvbv n‡j †Zgb †Kv‡bv wPšÍvi KviY †bB, Ges wkï‡ì wKQy dg©yjv wg‡é cvqLvbv wbqwgZ fv‡e meyR nq|

• R ¡i R ¡i g‡b nq Ges kixi ¯^vfvweK †_‡K ‡ewk Mig g‡b nq (Kcv‡j nvZ bv w`‡q ey‡K nvZ w`‡q Mig hvPvB K‡i †b‡eb Ñ wkïwUi Mv Ng©v³ I Mig g‡b n‡j, m¤¢eZ †m R ¡‡i f ~M‡Q)|

• ‡`‡ni †Kv_vI AvNvZ RwbZ `v‡Mi g‡Zv `vM †`Lv †`q, A_ev Kvb, gyL, bvK, cvqLvbvi iv¯Ív w`‡q i³ c‡o wKsev cvqLvbv A_ev cÖmªv‡e i³ _v‡K|

149

AmyL wemyL Ges †hme wel‡qi cÖwZ †Lqvj ivL‡eb

†gwbbRvBwUm Ges †mwÞ‡mwgqv †hme j¶‡Yi w`‡K mZK© „wó ivL‡eb

†ìx bv K‡i mv‡_ mv‡_B Wv³v‡ii mvnvh¨ †b‡eb hw` Avcbvi wkï:

• gyQ©v hvq Ñ ‡`‡n AbeiZ †nuPKv Uvb ‡`Lv †`q A_ev †`n SvKzwb w`‡Z _v‡K, ‡PvL Nyi‡Z _v‡K Ges ‡Kv‡bv mvovkã bv K‡i

• k ¦vmKó nq

• ‡eûk n‡q hvq

• †`n, †VuvU wKsev gyL bxjeY© aviY K‡i

• meningitis (‡gwbbRvBwUm) Ges septicaemia (†mwÞ‡mwgqv)-i j¶Y A_ev DcmM© ‡`Lv †`q (Wvb cv‡k †`Lyb)

• cvqLvbvi mv‡_ i³ hvq A_ev cvqLvbvi is Ô†iWKv‡i›U †RwjiÕ g‡Zv nq|

• ¯úóZB g‡b nq †h e¨_vq f ~M‡Q| wkïiv A‡bK mgq a‡i wPrKvi K‡i Kvu`‡Z cv‡i Ges Zv gv-evev‡ì Rb¨ GKwU wPšÍvi e¨vcvi n‡q `vuov‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e Amy¯’ wkïiv wKšÍy AbeiZ Ges ‡Rv‡i Kvu‡` bv| Avcbvi wkï hw` †Rv‡i wPrKvi K‡i Kvu‡`, Z‡e †gŠwjK w`K w`‡q ‡m wVK Av‡Q, Z‡e nq‡Zv ‡Kv‡bv Kvi‡Y Kó cv‡”Q A_ev A¯^w¯Í Abyfe Ki‡Q| Amy ’ †Kv‡bv wkï mvaviYZ Bwb‡q wewb‡q Ges Aby‡hv‡Mi my‡i Kvu‡ |

118bs c„ôvq wkïi Kvbœv m¤ú‡K© Av‡iv Z_¨ i‡q‡Q|

Avcbvi Wv³vi nq‡Zv me mgqB Avcbvi wkï‡K Jla †`‡eb bv| Dchy³ KviY Qvov wkï‡K Jla †Ìqv wVK bq|

gvby‡li †eªBb Ges †gi“i¾ y cÖwZi¶v AveiY †gwbb‡Rm-G cÖ`vn RwbZ Kvi‡Y Meningitis (†gwbbRvBwUm) †`Lv †`q| e v‡±wiqv Ges fvBiv‡mi Avµg‡Y wewfbœ ai‡bi †gwbbRvBwUm n‡q _v‡K| †gwbbRvBwUm LyeB weij †¶‡Î n‡q _v‡K| Z‡e Zv LyeB gvivZ¥K †ivM| cÖv_wgK Ae ’vq GB †ivM aiv co‡j Ges wPwKrmv † Iqv n‡j AwaKvsk ev”PvB cy‡ivcywi my ’ n‡q D‡V|

Septicaemia (†mwÞ‡mwgqv) Ñ i‡³ welwµqv Ñ GwUI AwaKvsk ai‡bi †gwbbRvBwUm m „wóKvix GKB e¨v‡±wiqvi Avµg‡Y n‡q _v‡K| GwU AZ¨šÍ gvivZ¥K|

Hib (wne) cÖwZ‡laK wUKv †KejgvÎ ÔwneÕ †gwbbRvBwUm †_‡K i¶v K‡i, Ab¨ †Kv‡bv Rv‡Zi †gwbbRvBwUm †_‡K i¶v K‡i bv| MenC (†gb.wm) cÖwZ‡laK wUKv meningococcal group C (†gwbs‡MvK°vj MÖ“c wm) e¨v‡±wiqvi AvµgY RwbZ †gwbbRvBwUm Ges †mwÞ‡mwgqv †_‡K i¶v K‡i| ‡gwbbRvBwUm Ges †mwÞ‡mwgqvi wcQ‡b wewfbœ KviY _v‡K| ZvB AZ¨šÍ ¸i“Z ¡ mnKv‡i G¸‡jvi j¶‡Yi cÖwZ mRvM I mZK© `„wó ivL‡eb| Avcbvi ev”Pvi ‡gwbbRvBwUm A_ev †mwÞ‡mwgqv n‡q‡Q g‡b n‡j, †ìx bv K‡i mv‡_ mv‡_B Wv³v‡ii mvnvh¨ †b‡eb| `ª“Z eë¯’v wb‡j nq‡Zv Avcbvi ev”Pv‡K evuPv‡bv hv‡e|

†gwbbRvBwUm Ges †mwÞ‡mwgqvi j¶Y I DcmM© †gwbbRvBwUm Ges †mwÞ‡mwgqvi cÖv_wgK j¶Y Ges DcmM©mg ~n aiv KwVb n‡Z cv‡i KviY Zv A‡bKUv d ¬z (mw`©R ¡‡ii) j¶‡Yi g‡ZvB ‡`Lv w`‡q _v‡K| j¶Y Ges DcmM©¸‡jvi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q:

• ewg • R ¡i • wc‡V A_ev †Rvovq †Rvovq e¨_v • cÖPÛ gv_v ‡e`bv • Mjv bvov‡Z bv cviv|

Avcbvi wb‡Ri aviYvi Dci Av¯’v ivL‡eb| ev”Pvi g‡a¨ Dc‡iv³ †Kv‡bv j¶Y †`Lv w`‡j mv‡_ mv‡_B Wv³vix mvnvh¨ †b‡eb|

Gi c‡ii j¶Y Ges DcmM©¸‡jv :

• Av‡jv (jvBU) cQ›` K‡i bv • kix‡i Kvj‡m‡U †QvU †QvU ¸wU

‡`Lv †`q, †h¸‡jvi Dci Pvc w`‡j wb‡Pi w`‡K ‡a‡e hvq bv (wb‡Pi ÔM vm cix¶vwUÕ K‡i wbb)

• weåvwšÍ (wK Ki‡e eyS‡Z cv‡i bv) • Nyg Nyg fve Ges Zv †_‡K

†euûk n‡q hvIqv| kix‡i cÖ_gZ jvj is Gi †QvU †QvU ¸wU A_ev `vM †`Lv †`q Ges c‡i Zv bxjvf jvje‡Y©i `v‡M cwiYZ nq Ges G¸‡jv‡K †`L‡Z AvNvZRwbZ Kv‡jv `vM A_ev i³c ~Y© †dv¯‹vi g‡Zv g‡b n‡Z cv‡i| kix‡ii †h †Kv‡b ¯’v‡b Zv †`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i| GKwU M vm w`‡q cvk Pvc w`‡j Zv Pvgovi mv‡_ wg‡k hvq bv Ñ ÔM vm cix¶vÕ|

wkï‡ì g‡a¨ †gwbbRvBwUm Ges †mwÞ‡mwgqvi j¶Y I DcmM©¸‡jvi g‡a¨ Av‡iv _vK‡Z cv‡i:

• UvbUvb fv‡e cÖmvwiZ A_ev †dvjv d «›U¨v‡bj (wkïi gv_vi Zvjyi big I †Kvgj Ask)

• `vMhy³ A_ev †dKv‡k

Pvgov • †L‡Z Pvq bv • Aw¯’iZv A_ev Zv‡K aiv †Quvqv

cQ›` K‡i bv • D”P ^‡i †KvuKv‡bv Kvbœv| g‡b ivL‡eb Ñ †gwbbRvBwUm Ges †mwÞ‡mwgqvi j¶Y I DcmM© ‡jvi e vcv‡i mRvM „wó ivLv cÖ‡qvRb| Kv‡iv †gwbbRvBwUm A_ev †mwÞ‡mwgqv n‡q‡Q g‡b Ki‡j † ix bv K‡i Wv³vix mvnvh †b‡eb| G ‡jv AZšÍ gvivZ¥K †ivM Ges Lye ª“Z Lvivc Ae ’v aviY Ki‡Z cv‡i| hZ Av‡M wPwKrmv † Iqv hv‡e Av‡ivM jv‡fi m¤¢vebv ZZB †ewk _vK‡e| †gwbbRvBwUm Ges †mwÞ‡mwgqv m¤ú‡K© Av‡iv Z‡_ï Rb¨ GB eB‡qi wcQ‡bi w ‡K Av‡iv mvnvh¨ AskUzKz †`Lyb|

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cÖ ‘Z †nvb kvšÍ _vKzb wkï Avm‡Q! www.healthscotland.com/readysteadybaby

Av‡iv mvnvh¨, Z_¨ Ges cÖ‡qvRbxq wVKvbv wbgœwjwLZ cÖwZôvb¸‡jv Avcbvi GjvKvq mvnv‡hï m~Î¸‡jvi mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM Kwi‡q w`‡Z cvi‡e| ¯‹Uj¨v‡ Ûi evB‡i Aew¯’Z cÖwZóvb¸‡jvi ¯‹Uj¨v‡Ûi wfZ‡i †hvMv‡hv‡Mi eë¯’v _vK‡Z cv‡i| eÜzZ¡c~Y© Avjvc Kiv I mvnvh¨ ‡bIqvi Rb¨ Gme cÖwZôvb‡K †dvb Ki“b| AwaKvsk cÖwZôvbB Aby‡ivaµ‡g Avcbv‡K Zv‡ì cÖKvwkZ Z_¨cÎ cv Vv‡e †h¸‡jv c‡o wb‡q Avcwb mvnvh¨ mnvqZvi we¯ÍvwiZ †R‡b wb‡Z cvi‡eb| Gme cÖwZôv‡bi nq‡Zv †Uwj‡dv‡bi gva¨‡g mvnvh¨ ‡bIqvi eë¯’vI _vK‡Z cv‡i| mvnvh¨Kvix civgk©, KvD‡Ýwjs (e¨w³MZ e¨vcv‡i civgk©) A_ev mvaviY Z_¨vwì Rb¨ Zv‡ì‡K †dvb Ki‡Z cv‡ib|

‡¯§ŠKjvBb Smokeline 0800 84 84 84 a ~gcvb Z¨vM Kivi e¨vcv‡i hv‡ì civgk© A_ev mvnv‡hï ìKvi, A_ev a ~gcvb Z¨vM Kivq Drmvn cÖ`vbKvix a ~gcvqxi eÜz-evÜe‡ì Rb¨ ¯‹wUk RvZxq mvnvh¨ jvBb| GLv‡b i‡q‡Qb †UªBwbscÖvß Kg©Pvix hviv mvnvh msµvšÍ wb‡ ©wkKvi GKwU Kwc Avcbv‡K webvg~‡j cvVv‡eb|

AZ¨šÍ cÖ‡qvRbxq GKwU mvwf©m| GwU Avcbvi ’vbxq †nj_ GRyK vkb/†cÖv‡gvkb BDwb‡Ui gva¨‡g Ges/A_ev NHS Helpline (Gb.GBP Gm †níjvBb) Gi gva¨‡g ’vbxq fv‡e mvnvh¨ cvIqvi eë ’v m¤ú‡K© Z_¨ cÖ`vb K‡i| †nj_ GRyK vkb/†cÖv‡gvkb BDwb‡Ui mv‡_ †hvMv‡hv‡Mi weeiY Avcbvi †dvb ey‡Ki ‘Health’ Aa v‡q cv‡eb| Gb.GBP.Gm †níjvB‡bi bv¤vi n‡jv d«x‡dvb: 0800 22 44 88 (†Kv‡bv KjPvR© †bB; mKvj 8Uv - ivZ 10Uv, mßv‡ni 7 w`bB)| Avcbvi cvewjK jvB‡eªix †_‡KI Z_¨ Rvb‡Z cvi‡eb| ¯^v‡¯’ï mv‡_ RwoZ Av‡iv Z‡_ï Rb¨ AbyMÖn K‡i ‡hvMv‡hvM Ki“b: NHS Health Scotland Library The Priory, Canaan Lane Edinburgh EH10 4SG ‡Uwj: 0845 912 5442 ‡UK&÷‡dvb: 0131 536 5593 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.healthscotland.com/library

ABUSE Children 1st 83 Whitehouse Loan Edinburgh EH9 1AT ‡Uwj: 0131 446 2300 d¨vK &m: 0131 446 2339 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.children1st.org.uk wec‡ i SzuwK‡Z i‡q‡Q Ggb ev”Pv‡ì cwievi‡K eënvwiK mvnvh cÖ vb K‡i| ParentLine Scotland 0808 800 2222 ev”Pv‡ì gv-evev/AwffveK‡ì‡K fjvw›UqviMY †Uwj‡dv‡bi gva ‡g †MvcbZv i¶v K‡i mvnvh cÖ vb K‡ib| cwiPq †Mvcb ‡i‡L ‡dv‡b mvnvh †bIqv hvq| Scottish Women’s Aid Norton Park 57 Albion Road Edinburgh EH7 5QY ‡Uwj: 0131 475 2372 d¨vK &m: 0131 475 2384 B‡gBj:[email protected] gvbwmK, kvixwiK A_ev †hŠb wbh©vZ‡bi f~³‡fvMx gwnjv‡ì Ges Zv‡ì ev”Pv‡ì Rb¨ civgk©, mnvqZv Ges Avkªq|

`yN©Ubv cÖwZ‡iva Ges wbivcËv British Red Cross Society (Scottish Region) Alexandra House, 204 Bath Street Glasgow G2 4HL ‡Uwj: 0141 332 9591 †Kqvi wel‡q (†mevhZœ wel‡q) Ges cÖv_wgK wPwKrmv (dv÷© GBW) wel‡q bvbv ai‡bi wk¶v-†KŠm© cwiPvjbv K‡i| Child Accident Prevention Trust (CAPT) 4th Floor, Clerks Court 18-20 Farringdon Lane London EC1R 3HA ‡Uwj: 020 7608 3828 d¨vK &m: 020 7608 3674 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.capt.org.uk evj¨Kvjxb yN©Ubv cÖwZ‡iv‡ai e vcv‡i ev”Pv‡ gv-evev‡ i‡K mvnvh Ges civgk© cÖ vb K‡i|

The Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents (RoSPA) Slateford House, 53 Lanark Road Edinburgh EH14 1TL ‡Uwj: 0131 455 7457 www.rospa.com me ai‡bi yN©Ubv cÖwZ‡iv‡ai e vcv‡i Z_¨ Ges civgk© cÖ vb K‡i| St Andrew’s Ambulance Association St Andrew’s House 48 Milton Street, Glasgow G4 0HR ‡Uwj: 0141 332 4031 B‡gBj: [email protected] www.firstaid.org.uk cÖv_wgK wPwKrmv wel‡q Ges Gi mv‡_ m¤úK©hy³ welqvw ‡Z †UªBwbs cÖ vb K‡i| ADOPTION Scottish Adoption Association 2 Commercial Street, Edinburgh EH6 6JA ‡Uwj: 0131 553 5060 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.scottishadoption.org.uk GWckb (ev”Pv‡ì cvjK MÖnY) Gi Kvi‡Y cÖfvweZ †h †Kv‡bv ‡jvK‡K civgk© Ges KvD‡Ýwjs (kvšÍbv) cÖ`vb mn e¨vcK GWckb mvwf©m cÖ`vb K‡i|

A¨vj‡Kvnj, WªvM, aygcvb Alcohol Focus Scotland 2nd Floor, 166 Buchanan Street Glasgow G1 2LW ‡Uwj: 0141 572 6700 d¨vK &m: 0141 333 1606 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.alcohol-focus-scotland.org.uk A¨vj‡Kvnj mgm¨vq fy³‡fvMx †jvK‡ì‡K webvg~‡j, †MvcbZv i¶v K‡i e¨w³MZ I mvgvwRK wel‡q civgk© cÖ`vb Kiv nq| wbivc`, ¯^v¯’¨Ki A¨vj‡Kvnj cvbvf¨vm cÖmvi I cÖPvi K‡i, Z‡e A¨vj‡Kvnj we‡ivax bq|

Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) 50 Wellington Street, Glasgow G2 6HJ ‡Uwj: 0141 226 2214 mvnvh¨jvBb: 0845 769 7555 d¨vK &m: 0141 221 9450 wb‡R wb‡R‡K mvnvh¨Kvix †jvK‡ì msMVb¸‡jvi GKwU †bUIqvK©| msMVb¸‡jvi †g¤viMY A vj‡Kvnj cvb eÜ K‡i w ‡Z Ges Zv cvb Kiv †_‡K weiZ _vK‡Z G‡K Aci‡K Drmvn cÖ vb K‡ib| Avcbvi GjvKvi msMV‡bi mv‡_ †hvMv‡hv‡Mi weeiY †dvb ey‡K cv‡eb| ASH Scotland 8 Frederick Street, Edinburgh EH2 2HB ‡Uwj: 0131 225 4725 d¨vK &m: 0131 225 4759 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.ashscotland.org.uk a ~gcvqx‡ì a~gcv‡bi Af¨vm Z¨vM Kivq Drmvn cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ Z_¨ Ges mvgMÖx FRANK (RvZxq WªvM mvnvh¨jvBb) 0800 77 66 00 www.talktofrank.com WªvM m¤ú‡K© 24 N›Uve¨vcx Z_¨, civgk© Ges KvD‡Ýwjs mvwf©m| Scottish Drugs Forum Shaftesbury House 5 Waterloo Street, Glasgow G2 6AY ‡Uwj: 0141 221 1175 d¨vK &m: 0141 248 6414 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.sdf.org.uk WªvM eënviKvix, Zv‡ì cwievi Ges eÜz-evÜe‡ì Rb¨ ¯’vbxq fv‡e wPwKrmv eë¯’v m¤ú‡K© Z_¨ cÖ`vb K‡i|

AvPiYMZ mgm¨v Hyperactive Children’s Support Group 71 Whyke Lane, Chichester PO19 7PD ‡Uwj: 01243 551313 d¨vK &m: 01903 734726 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.hacsg.org.uk nvBcv‡iw±f (AwZ PÂj) Ges GjvwR©K ev”Pv‡ì cywó/Lv wPwKrmv

m¤ú‡K© ev”Pv‡ì gv-evev I †ckvRxwe‡ i‡K Z_ I aviYv cÖ vb K‡i|

wkï‡K ey‡Ki ya cvb Kiv‡bv Association of Breastfeeding Mothers (ABM) PO Box 207, Bridgwater, Somerset TA6 7YT mvnvh¨jvBb: 020 7813 1481 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.abm.me.uk wkï‡K ey‡Ki ya cvb Kiv‡Z AvMÖnx me gwnjv‡ i‡K mnvqZv I Z_ cÖ vb K‡i Ges mgMÖ BD .†K-†Z KvD‡Ýwjs (e w³MZ wel‡q civgk©) cÖ vb K‡i| The Breastfeeding Network P.O. Box 11126, Paisley PA2 8YB mnvqZvKvix‡ì jvBb: 0870 900 8787 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.breastfeedingnetwork.org.uk ey‡Ki ya cvb Kiv‡bv m¤ú‡K© ¯Zš¿ Z_ Ges mnvqZv cÖ vb K‡i| La Leche League (Great Britain) P.O. Box 29, West Bridgford Nottingham NG2 7NP mvnvh¨jvBb: 0845 120 2918 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.laleche.org.uk wkï‡K ey‡Ki w`‡Z Pvb Ggb gwnjv‡ì Rb¨ mvnvh¨ I Z_¨ cÖ`vb K‡i| ey‡Ki `ya cÖ`v‡bi †¶‡Î mgm¨vi m¤§yLxb gv‡ì‡K e¨w³MZ welqvw`‡Z civgk© cÖ`vb K‡i| ¯’vbxq msMVb¸‡jv ey‡Ki `ya cvb Kiv‡bv, Rb¥ Ges wcZ…Z¡ I gvZ„Z¡ m¤ú‡K© eÜzZ¡c~Y© Ges N‡ivqv cwi‡e‡k Av‡jvPbvi Av‡qvRb K‡i| The National Childbirth Trust (NCT) Alexandra House, Oldham Terrace Acton, London W3 6NH AbymÜvb: 0870 444 8707 ey‡Ki `ya LvIqv‡bvi e¨vcv‡i mvnvh¨: 0870 444 8708 d¨vK &m: 020 8992 5929 www.nctpregnancyandbabycare.com wkï‡K ey‡Ki `ya cvb Kiv‡Z Pvb Ggb gwnjv‡ì Rb¨ mvnvh¨ Ges Z_¨| ey‡Ki `ya Gi e¨vcv‡i civgk©`vZviv e¨w³MZ wel‡qI mvnvh¨ cÖ`vb Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

CHILDCARE Daycare Trust 21 St George’s Road, London SE1 6ES Childcare Hotline: 020 7840 3350 d¨vK &m: 020 7840 3355 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.daycaretrust.org.uk Dchy³ PvBì‡Kqvi (wkï‡ì †`Lv‡kvbv eë¯’v) cvIqv Ges †W‡Kqvi cÖwZôvi e¨vcv‡i Z_¨ Ges civgk©| National Association of Toy & Leisure Libraries 4 Drum Street, Edinburgh EH17 8QG ‡Uwj: 0131 664 2746 d¨vK &m: 0131 664 2753 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.natll.org.uk Uq jvB‡eªix¸‡jv (†Ljbvi jvB‡eªix¸‡jv) DbœZ gv‡bi, g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i cQ› K …Z †Ljbv we‡kl Amyweav (†¯úk vj bxWm) m¤úbœ ev ”Pv‡ì‡K mn Ab vb¨ wkï I ev”Pv‡ì cwievi‡ì‡K avi †`q|

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Scottish Childminding Association Suite 3, 7 Melville Terrace Stirling FK8 2ND ‡Uwj: 01786 445377 d¨vK &m: 01786 449062 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.childminding.org AvU eQ‡ii wb‡Pi ev ”Pv‡ i Rb DbœZ gv‡bi †W -‡Kqvi eë ’v M‡o †Zvjvi Kv‡R wb‡qvwRZ| PvBìgvBÛvi Ges ev”Pv‡ì gv-evev‡ì‡K mvnvh¨ I civgk© †`q| Scottish Pre-school Play Association 45 Finnieston Street, Glasgow G3 8JU ‡Uwj: 0141 221 4148 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.sppa.org.uk ¯‹Uj¨v‡Û †cMÖ“c, gv`vi-GÛ-UWjvi MÖ“c Ges AvÛvi-dvDf MÖ“ç‡jvi msMVb| Working Families 1-3 Berry Street, London EC1V 0AA ‡Uwj: 020 7253 7243 d¨vK &m: 020 7253 6253 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.workingfamilies.org.uk PvKwi Ges mvsmvwiK `vq-`vwq‡Z¡i g‡a¨ GKwU DbœZ gv‡bi fvimvg¨Zv M‡o Zzj‡Z ev”Pv‡ì‡K, Kg©Rxwe gv-evev Ges †Kqvivi I Zv‡ì PvKzixKZ©v‡ì‡K mvnvh¨ K‡i|

wW‡RwewjwU Ges Amy ’Zv (mvaviY mnvqZv) Action for Sick Children 172 Leith Walk Edinburgh EH6 5EA ‡Uwj: 0131 553 6553 Amy ’ ev”Pv‡ì‡K Ges Zv‡ i cwievi‡ì‡K mvnvh K‡i| ev”Pv‡ì Ges gv-evev‡ i D‡Ïk K‡i ZwiK…Z nvmcvZv‡j hvIqv m¤ú‡K© Z_ cÖ vb K‡i| †c-MÖ“‡ci ev”Pv‡ì †Ljva~jvi Rb nvmcvZvj †_‡K †Ljva~jvi mvgMÖx avi †`q| Association of Parents of Vaccine Damaged Children 21 Saughton Mains Gardens Edinburgh EH11 3QG ‡Uwj: 0131 443 9287 cÖwZ‡laK wUKvi Kvi‡Y ¶wZMÖ Í ev”Pv‡ì Rb¨ h‡_ó cwigv‡Yi ¶wZc~iY Av vq Kiv wb‡q KvR K‡i| cwievi¸‡jv‡K mvnvh¨ I mnvqZvI cÖ vb K‡i| Contact A Family Scotland Norton Park, 57 Albion Road Edinburgh EH7 5QY ‡Uwj: 0131 475 2608 d¨vK &m: 0131 475 2609 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.cafamily.org.uk †h †Kv‡bv ai‡bi wW‡R‡ewjwU A_ev we‡kl Amyweavhy³ (cÖwZewÜ)

ev”Pv‡ i‡K †mevhZœKvix cwievi ‡jvi g‡a cvi®úwiK mvnvh mnvqZv

cÖ v‡b Drmvn cÖ vb K‡i| Disability Information Trust Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre Oxford OX3 7LD ‡Uwj: 07092 746081 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.abilityonline.org.uk wW‡R‡evì †jvK‡ì eënv‡ii hš¿ -mvgMÖx hvPvB I cix¶v K‡i †`‡L| Disability Scotland Princes House, 5 Shandwick Place Edinburgh EH2 4RG ‡Uwj: 0131 229 8632 d¨vK &m: 0131 229 5168 ‡UK&÷‡dvb: 0131 229 8632 B‡gBj: [email protected] wW‡R‡ewjwUi mv‡_ RwoZ me© wel‡q Z_ I civgk© cÖ vb K‡i| wW‡R‡evì †jvK‡ì cÖ‡ek myweav Ges Pjv‡div, hš¿-mvgMÖx, KwgDwbwU †Kqvi ˆ bw›`b Rxeb mgm v wb‡q KvR K‡i| ENABLE 6th Floor, 7 Buchanan Street Glasgow G1 3HL ‡Uwj: 0141 226 4541 d¨vK &m: 0141 204 4398 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.enable.org.uk jvwb©s wW‡RwewjwU (†gav I eyw×MZ cÖwZeÜKZv) i‡q‡Q Ggb †jvK‡ i I Zv‡ i cwievi‡ i AwaKvi I PvIqv cvIqvi weKvk NUvq| Z_ , civgk© Ges eënvwiK mvnvh cÖ vb Ki‡Z cv‡i| 152

Family Fund Trust P.O. Box 50, York YO1 9ZX ‡Uwj: 01904 621115 miKvix A_©vq‡b cwiPvwjZ GKwU Uªv÷| GwUi KvR n‡jv Aby`vb Ges ‡mevh‡Zœi mv‡_ m¤úK©hy³ Z_¨ cÖ`vb Kivi gva¨‡g 16 eQ‡ii wb‡Pi eq‡mi gvivZ¥K wW‡R‡evì ev”Pv‡ì gv-evev‡ì gvbwmK Pvc Kgv‡bv| Genetic Interest Group (GIG) Unit 4D, Leroy House 436 Essex Road, LONDON N1 3QP ‡Uwj: 020 7704 3141 d¨vK &m: 020 7359 1447 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.gig.org.uk eskMZ †ivM ev eskMZ ‡iv‡Mi SuywKi m¤§yLxb ‡jvK‡ì‡K Z_¨ cÖ`vb K‡i| wW‡RwewjwU Ges Amy ’Zv (we‡klÁg~jK mnvqZv) Advice Service Capability Scotland (ASCS) 11 Ellersly Road, Edinburgh EH12 6HY ‡Uwj: 0131 313 5510 d¨vK &m: 0131 346 1681 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.capability-scotland.org.uk †m‡i‡eªj cvjwm i‡q‡Q Ggb ev”Pv‡ i gv-evev‡ i‡K civgk©, mnvqZv Ges Z_ cÖ vb K‡i| AFASIC Unlocking Speech and Language 2nd Floor 50-52 Great Sutton Street, London EC1V 0DJ mvnvh¨jvBb: 0845 3 55 55 77 ‡Uwj: (cÖkvmwbK wefvM): 020 7490 9410 d¨vK &m: 020 7251 2834 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.afasic.org.uk ev”Pv‡ì ¯úxP Ges j¨vs¸‡qR wWwdKvwëR (K‡_vcK_b I fvlvMZ mgm¨v) Gi e¨vcv‡i civgk© Ges Z_¨ cÖ`vb K‡i| Anaphylaxis Campaign PO Box 275 Farnborough, Hants GU14 6SX ‡Uwj: 01252 373793 mvnvh¨jvBb: 01252 542029 d¨vK &m: 01252 377140 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.anaphylaxis.org.uk gvivZ¥K GjvwR©‡Z fy³‡fvMx †jvK‡ì mvnv‡hï e vcv‡i RbgZ M‡o †Zv‡j| fy³‡fvMx‡ì‡K mvnvh cÖ vb K‡i Ges miKvi, wkí KviLvbv I Rbmvavi‡Yi g‡a m‡PZbv evov‡bvi j¶ iv‡L| Association for Children with Heart Disorders 104 Comiston Road, Edinburgh EH10 5QL ‡Uwj: 0131 447 2711 nv‡U©i mgm¨v i‡q‡Q Ggb ev”Pv‡ì‡K, hyeK hyeZx‡ì‡K Ges Zv‡ì cwievi‡ì‡K mvnvh I mnvqZv cÖ vb K‡i| Asthma UK Scotland 2A North Charlotte Street, Edinburgh EH2 4HR ‡Uwj: 0131 226 2544 mvnvh¨jvBb: 0845 701 0203 d¨vK &m: 0131 226 2401 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.asthma.org.uk A vmgv (nuvcvwb) †iv‡M fy³‡fvMx †jvK‡ì‡K I Zv‡ì cwievi‡ì‡K Z_ Ges mnvqZv cÖ vb K‡i| Child Growth Foundation 2 Mayfield Avenue Chiswick, London W4 1PW ‡Uwj: 020 8994 7625/020 8995 0257 d¨vK &m: 020 8995 9075 www.heightmatters.org.uk kvixwiK e„w×‡Z mgm¨v i‡q‡Q Ggb ev ”Pv‡ì gv-evev‡ì‡K, Ges ev”Pvi kvixwiK e„w× wb‡q wPwšÍZ gv -evev‡ì‡K mnvqZv cÖ`vb K‡i| Children Living with Inherited Metabolic Diseases (CLIMB) Climb Building 176 Nantwich Road, Crewe CW2 6BG ‡Uwj: 0800 652 3181 d¨vK &m: 0870 7700 327 www.climb.org.uk †gUvewjK wWwR‡R († ‡ni wecvK cÖwµqvi †iv‡M) fy³‡fvMx ev”Pv‡ì wPwKrmv Ges †mevh‡Zœi Rb¨ Aby vb Ges fvZvi eë ’v K‡i| GKB cwiw ’wZi Ab vb gv-evev‡ì mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM Kwi‡q †`q|

Cleft Lip and Palate Association (CLAPA) CLAPA Head Office 1st Floor Green Man Tower 332b Goswell Road, London EC1V 7LQ ‡Uwj: 020 7833 4883 d¨vK &m: 020 7883 5999 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.clapa.com ‡K¬dU wjc (‡VuvU dvUv) Ges/A_ev c v‡jU mgm vq fy³‡fvMx ev”Pv‡ì gv-evev‡ì‡K mnvqZv K‡i| †K¬dU i‡q‡Q Ggb wkï‡ i‡K LvIqv‡bvi e vcv‡i gv -evev‡ì‡K we‡klÁg~jK ‡mev cÖ vb K‡i| The Coeliac Society P.O. Box 220, High Wycombe Buckinghamshire HP11 2HY ‡Uwj: 01494 437278 www. coeliac.co.uk K‡qwjqvK ‡iv‡M A_ev Wvg©vUvBwUm nv‡c©wUdwg©m †iv‡M fy³‡fvMx †jvK‡ì‡K civgk© Ges Z_¨ cÖ`vb K‡i| Craighalbert Centre The Scottish Centre for Children with Motor Impairments 1 Craighalbert Way, Cumbernauld G68 0LS ‡Uwj: 01236 456100 d¨vK &m: 01236 736889 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.craighalbert.org.uk ‹wUk RvZxq †K› ª, †hLvb †_‡K GKwU ÔmnvqK wk¶vÕ eë ’v cÖ vb Kiv nq, Ges †hwUi j¶ n‡jv

†mwi‡eªj cvjwm‡Z fy³‡fvMx ev ”Pv‡K Rx‡eb me© wel‡q wk¶v †Ìqv, ev ”Pvi †jLvcovi ¶gZv evov‡bv Ges ‹z‡ji Rb Zv‡ì Zwi K‡i †Zvjv| Cystic Fibrosis (CF) Trust 11 London Road, Bromley, Kent BR1 1BY ‡Uwj: 020 8464 7211 d¨vK &m: 020 8313 0472 B‡gBj:[email protected] www: cftrust.org.uk wmw÷K dvB‡eªvwm‡mi wPwKrmv I wbivgq †ei Kivi j‡¶¨ Wv³vix I êÁvwbK M‡elYvq A_©vqb K‡i| GB ai‡bi †ivMxiv hv‡Z Zv‡ì Rxe‡bi me© w ‡K m¤¢ve DËg †mev I mnvqZv jvf K‡ib, Zv wbwðZ K‡i †bIqvi j¶¨ iv‡L| Diabetes UK Scotland Savoy House, 140 Sauchiehall Street Glasgow G2 3DH ‡Uwj: 0141 332 2700 d¨vK &m:0141 332 4880 B‡gBj: [email protected] www.diabetes.org.uk/scotland Wvqv‡ewUm wb‡q Rxeb Pvwj‡q hvIqv m¤ú‡K© eënvwiK mvnvh¨ Ges Z_¨ cÖ`vb K‡i| Down’s Syndrome Scotland 158-160 Balgreen Road, Edinburgh EH11 3AU ‡Uwj: 0131 313 4225 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.dsscotland.org.uk WvDÝ wmb‡Wªv‡g fy³‡fvMx ev”Pv‡ì gv-evev‡ì Rb¨ Z_¨, civgk© Ges KvD‡Ýwjs| Eczema Scotland 84 West Main Street Broxburn, West Lothian EH52 5LQ ‡Uwj: 01506 852 033 GKwRgv †ivMx I Zv‡ì cwievi‡ì Rb¨ Z_¨, civgk© Ges mnvqZv| Epilepsy Association of Scotland National Headquarters 48 Govan Road, Glasgow G51 1JL ‡Uwj: 0141 427 4911 mvnvh¨jvBb: 0808 800 2200 d¨vK &m: 0141 419 1709 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.epilepsyscotland.org.uk Gwc‡jcwmi ‡ivMx‡ i (g„M †ivMx‡ì), Zv‡ i cwievi cwiRb, Ges Zv‡ i †mevh‡Zœi vwqZ ¡ wb‡qvwRZ †Kqvivi I †ckvRxwe‡ i mv‡_ Kv‡R wb‡qvwRZ GKwU vZe cÖwZôvb| Group B Strep Support P.O. Box 203, Haywards Heath West Sussex RH16 1GF ‡Uwj: 01444 416176 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.gbss.org.uk Mf©eZx gwnjv‡ì Rb , GB e v‡±wiqv enbKvix Mf©eZx gwnjv‡ì Rb , msµvwgZ ev”Pv‡ì gv-evev Ges ^v ’¨‡mev wefv‡Mi †ckvRxwe‡ì Rb¨ Z_¨ cÖ vb K‡i|

The Haemophilia Society Chesterfield House 385 Euston Road London NW1 3AU ‡Uwj: 020 7380 0600 mvnvh¨jvBb: 0800 018 6068 d¨vK &m:020 7387 8220 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.haemophilia.org.uk †n‡gvwdjvq fy³‡fvMx A_ev AvµvšÍ †jvK‡ i PvIqv cvIqv Ges ^v‡_©i cÖwZwbwaZ¡ K‡i| Jennifer Trust for Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) Elta House Birmingham Road Stratford Upon Avon CV37 0AQ ‡Uwj: 0870 774 3651 d¨vK &m:0870 774 3652 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.jtsma.org.uk Gm.Gg.G (SMA ) i‡q‡Q Ggb †jvK‡ì Rb¨| Ab¨vb¨ cwiev‡ii mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM Kwi‡q w`‡q _v‡K Ges hš¿-mvgMÖxi e¨vcv‡i mvnvh¨ K‡i| MENCAP, the Learning Disability Charity Mencap National Centre 123 Golden Lane London EC1Y 0RT ‡Uwj: 020 7454 0454 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.mencap.org jvwb©s wW‡RwewjwU i‡q‡Q Ggb ev”Pv I cÖvß-eq¯‹ †jvK‡ì I Zv‡ì cwievi‡ì I †Kqvivi‡ì (†mevK‡ì) mv‡_ KvR K‡i Zv‡ì Rxe‡bi gvb DbœZ K‡i I my‡hvM evovq| Meningitis Association of Scotland 9 Edwin Street Glasgow G51 1ND ‡Uwj: 0141 427 6698/0141 556 4211 d¨vK &m:0141 427 6698 www.meningitis-scotland.co.uk ‡gwbbRvBwU‡m fy³‡fvMx A_ev †gwbbRvBwU‡mi Kvi‡Y wW‡R‡evì n‡q †M‡Qb Ggb †jvK‡ì‡K Rb¨ webvg~‡j¨ Z_¨ Ges mnvqZv cÖ`vb K‡i|

Meningitis Research Foundation 133 Gilmore Place Edinburgh EH3 9PP ‡Uwj: 0131 228 3322 mvnvh¨jvBb: 080 8800 3344 d¨vK &m:0131 221 0300 www.meningitis.org †gwbbRvBwU‡m gviv †M‡Q Ggb ev”Pv‡ì gv-evev‡ì‡K KvD‡Ýwjs (kvšÍbvg ~jK civgk©) cÖ`vb K‡i Ges nvmcvZv‡j wKsev evm¯’v‡b wPwKrmv MÖnYKvix‡ì cwievi‡ì‡K mnvqZv cÖ`vb K‡i| ZvÕQvov wb‡Pi Meningitis Trust-I †`Lyb|) Meningitis Trust 19 Hillfoot Houston PA6 7NR ‡Uwj/d¨vK &m:0845 120 4885 mvnvh¨jvBb: 0845 6000 800 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.meningitis-trust.org.uk ‡gwbbRvBwU‡m fy³‡fvMx A_ev †gwbbRvBwU‡mi Kvi‡Y wW‡R‡evì n‡q †M‡Qb Ggb †jvK‡ì‡K Z_¨ Ges mnvqZv cÖ`vb K‡i| Muscular Dystrophy Campaign 7-11 Prescott Place London SW4 6BS ‡Uwj: 020 7720 8055 d¨vK &m:020 7498 0670 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.muscular-dystrophy.org fy³‡fvMx Ges Zv‡ì cwievi‡ì‡K eënvwiK mvnvh Ges Av‡eMg ~jK mnvqZv cÖ vb K‡i, Wv³vi, †mvk vj mvwf©m Ges RbM‡Yi Rb¨ GKwU Z_¨ I wk¶v mvwf©m cwiPvjbv K‡i National Autistic Society Scotland Central Chambers 1st Floor 109 Hope Street Glasgow G2 6LL ‡Uwj: 0141 221 8090 d¨vK &m:0141 221 8118 www.nas.org.uk gv-evev‡ì mnvqZvKvix GKwU cÖwZôvb hv GKwU civgk© I Z_¨ mvwf©m cwiPvjbv K‡i|

National Deaf Children’s Society Scotland 293-295 Central Chambers 93 Hope Street Glasgow G2 6LD ‡Uwj: 0141 248 2429/0141 248 4457 d¨vK &m: 0141 248 2597 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.ndcs.org.uk evjKvjxb ewaiZvi mv‡_ RwoZ me wel‡q Z_ Ges civgk© mvwf©m| wk¶v, ^v ’ , †ewbwdU Ges cÖ‡KŠkj wel‡q we‡klÁ †jvK‡ i gva‡g mvnvh cÖ vb K‡i| National Society for Phenylketonuria (NSPKU) P.O. Box 26642 London N14 4ZF ‡Uwj: 0845 603 9136 d¨vK &m:0870 122 1864 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.nspku.org GB †iv‡M fy³‡fvMx †jvK‡ i Ges Zv‡ i cwievi‡ i Rb Z_ I mnvqZv cÖ vbKvix GKwU cÖwZôvb| Reach (Association for Children with Hand or Arm Deficiency) PO Box 54 Helston Cornwall TR13 8WD ‡Uwj: 0845 1306 225 d¨vK &m:0845 1300 262 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.reach.org.uk nvZ †bB Ggb ev”Pv‡ì cwievi¸‡jvi g‡a cviv®úwiK mn‡hvwMZv M‡o †Zvjvi gva¨‡g GB ai‡bi ev”Pv‡ i Rb¨ mvnvh mnvqZv evov‡Z Pvq| RNIB Scotland Dunedin House 25 Ravelston Terrace Edinburgh EH4 3TP B‡gBj:0131 311 8500 d¨vK &m:0131 311 8529 AÜ †jvK‡ i Rb Z_ , mvwf©m Ges civgk©| jyK ÷Kj vÛ (Look Scotland Ñ 0131 313 5711) †_‡K „wókw³‡Z mgm v m¤úbœ ev”Pv‡ i gv-evev‡ i Rb m¤úK©hy³ mvwf©m m¤ú‡K© Z_ cÖ vb K‡i| Scope PO Box 833 Milton Keynes MK12 5NY ‡mwi‡eªj cvjwm mvnvh¨jvBb: 0808 800 3333 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.scope.org.uk †m‡i‡eªj cvjwm‡Z fy³‡fvMx †jvK‡ì Ges Zv‡ i cwievi/†Kqvivi‡ i Rb wewfbœ ai‡bi mvwf©m cÖ vb K‡i| Scottish Society for Autism Hilton House, Alloa Business Park Whins Road Alloa FK10 3SA ‡Uwj: 01259 720044 d¨vK &m:01259 720051 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.autism-in-scotland.org.uk AwURg i‡q‡Q Ggb †jvK‡ i †mev, mnvqZv Ges wk¶vi e vcv‡i, Ges Zv‡ì cwievi‡ì‡K wewfbœ ai‡bi mvwf©m cÖ vb K‡i| Scottish Spina Bifida Association 190 Queensferry Road Edinburgh EH4 2BW ‡Uwj: 0131 332 0743 mvnvh¨jvBb: 08459 111112 d¨vK &m: 0131 343 3651 B‡gBj:[email protected] I‡qe: ourworld.compuserve.com/ homepages/SSBAHQ gv-evev‡ i Rb Z_ , civgk©, KvD‡Ýwjs, mv‡cvU© Ges Avw_©K mvnvh¨| SENSE Scotland (National Deaf-Blind and Rubella Association) 45 Finnieston Street Glasgow G3 8JU ‡Uwj: 0141 564 2444 d¨vK &m:0141 564 2443 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.sensescotland.org.uk GKB mv‡_ ewai I AÜ Ges i“‡ejv †ivM †_‡K wW‡R‡evì n‡q‡Q Ggb ev”Pv‡ i cwievi‡ì Rb Z_ , civgk© Ges mnvqZv

Sickle Cell Society 54 Station Road London NW10 4UA ‡Uwj: 020 8961 7795 d¨vK &m:020 8961 8346 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.sicklecellsociety.org wm‡Kvj †mj †ivM Ges GB †iv‡Mi evnK‡ i m¤ú‡K© Z_ , civgk© Ges KvD‡Ýwjs cÖ vb K‡i| Society for Mucopolysaccharide Diseases (MPS) 46 Woodside Road Amersham HP6 6AJ ‡Uwj: 01494 434156 d¨vK &m: 01494 434252 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.mpssociety.co.uk gv-evev‡ì mnvqZKvix GKwU cÖwZôvb wnmv‡e KvR K‡i; Gg.wc.Gm (MPS) †ivM¸‡jv m¤ú‡K© RbM‡Yi m‡PZbv e„w× K‡i; M‡elYvi Rb¨ A_© msMÖn K‡i| Tay Sachs Screening Programme R26 Research Centre Royal Manchester Children’s Hospital Pendlebury Salford M27 4HA ‡Uwj: 0161 794 4696 eZ©gv‡b gvivZ¥K eskMZ A¯vfvweKZv i‡q‡Q ev Gi AZxZ BwZnvm i‡q‡Q, Zv‡ì Rb¨ cix¶v Kiv, Z_¨, KvD‡Ýwjs| UK Thalassaemia Society 19 The Broadway Southgate Circus London N14 6PH ‡Uwj: 020 8882 0011 d¨vK &m:020 8882 8618 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.ukts.org wfy³‡fvMx †jvK‡ì Ges GB †iv‡Mi evK‡ i‡K wk¶v,

Z_ , M‡elYv Ges KvD‡Ýwjs cÖ vb K‡i| A‡bK fvlvq

Z‡_ï eë ’v i‡q‡Q|

cwievi cwiKíbv Caledonia Youth 5 Castle Terrace Edinburgh EH1 2DP ‡Uwj: 0131 229 3596 d¨vK &m:0131 221 1486 B‡gBj:[email protected] 24 eQi Ges 24 eQi ch©šÍ eq‡mi me hyeK hyeZx‡ì‡K webvg~‡j Ges †MvcbZv i¶v K‡i †hŠb¯v ’ †mev cÖ vb K‡i| mvwf©K vj w Œwbs (Rivqy cix¶v), Mf© cix¶v, Mf©cv‡Zi Rb mycvwik K‡i cvVv‡bv, BZ vw m¤ú‡K© mvnvh Ges civgk© cÖ vb K‡i| Family Planning Association Scotland Unit 10 Firhill Business Centre 76 Firhill Road Glasgow G20 7BA mvnvh¨jvBb: 0141 576 5088 d¨vK &m:0141 948 1172 www.fpa.org.uk cwiKwíZ cwievi MV‡bi gva¨‡g, Z_ , cÖPvi, wk¶v I †UªBwbs cÖ vb K‡i †hŠb ¯v ’ , Av‡eMg~jK Ges cÖRbb ^v‡ ’ï weKvk NUv‡bvi j¶ iv‡L|

mvaviY mnvqZv Caesarean Support Network 55 Cooil Drive Douglas Isle of Man IM2 2HF ‡Uwj: 01624 661269 (ïaygvÎ mÜ¨vq) mv¤cÖwZK A_ev AZxZ wmRvwiqqvb †Wwjfvwii mv‡_ RwoZ me© wel‡q mnvqZv Ges civgk© cÖ`vb K‡i| Couple Counselling Scotland 18 York Place Edinburgh EH1 3EP ‡Uwj: 0131 558 9669 d¨vK &m: 0131 556 6596 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.couplecounselling.org RvwZ, ag©, êevwnK gh©v`v, A_ev mgKvgxZv wbwe©‡k‡l `v¤úZ¨ Kj‡ni m¤§yLxb `¤úwZ‡ì Rb¨ KvD‡Ýwjs mvwf©m|

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Institute for Complementary Medicine P.O. Box 194, London SE16 1QZ ‡Uwj: 020 7237 5165 d¨vK &m:020 7237 5175 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.icmedicine.co.uk weKí wPwKrmv (Kgwc‡g›Uvwi †gwWmb) m¤ú‡K© Z_¨ cÖ vbKvix GKwU vZe¨ cÖwZôvb| cvkKiv wPwKrmK Ges mvnvh¨Kvix cÖwZôvb ‡jvi Kv‡Q mycvwik cvVvq| Life Life House Newbold Terrace, Leamington Spa CV32 4EA ‡Uwj: 01926 421587 d¨vK &m: 01926 336497 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.lifeuk.org 1967 mv‡ji Mf©cvZ AvBb evwZj Kivi Rb RbgZ M‡o Zz‡j| Mf©Kvjxb mg‡q Ges Mf©cv‡Zi c‡i KvD‡Ýwjs (e¨w³MZ e¨vcv‡i civgk©), Ges gwnjv‡ì I Zv‡ì wkï‡ì Rb evm ’vb cÖ vb K‡i| The Infertility Network Charter House 43 St Leonards Road Bexhill-on-sea, East Sussex TN40 1JA ‡Uwj: 08701 188088 d¨vK &m: 01424 731858 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.infertilitynetwork.com eÜ v ev ev”PvKv”Pv nq bv Ggb ¤úwZ‡ì g‡bi K ó ~i Kivq mvnvh K‡i| The Samaritans Admin office The Upper Mill, Kingston Road Ewell, Surrey KT17 2AF mvnvh¨jvBb: 08457 90 90 90 ‡Uwj: 020 8394 8300 d¨vK &m: 020 8394 8301 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.samaritans.org.uk Scotland Patients’ Association Gartincaber West Plean, Stirling FK7 8BA ‡Uwj: 01786 818008 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.scotlandpatientsassociation.org.uk ¯v ’¨MZ wel‡q Ges †mev cÖ v‡bi mv‡_ RwoZ welqvw ‡Z m‡PZbvZv e„w×i Rb¨ civgk© Ges Z_¨ cÖ vb K‡i| †MvcbZv i¶v K‡i Awf‡hvM we‡ePbv K‡i Ges †nj_ mvwf©m m¤ú‡K© AbymÜv‡bi Reve †`q| wPwKrmv I AvBbMZ e vcv‡i civgk©, B›UviwcÖUvi mvwf©m cÖ vb Ki‡Z cvi‡e| Shelter Scotland Head Office, 4th Floor Scotiabank House 6 South Charlotte Street Edinburgh EH2 4AW ‡Uwj: 0131 473 7170 d¨vK &m: 0131 473 7199 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.shelter.org.uk †nvg‡jm †jvK‡ì vwi ªZv Ges ytLKó ~i Kivi Rb KvR K‡i Ges evm ’vb Pvwn v wgUv‡bvi e vcv‡i RbgZ M‡o Zz‡j, AvÂwjK nvDwRs GBW Awdm Ges P vwiwU kc cwiPvjbv K‡i| Women’s Health 52 Featherstone Street, London EC1Y 8RT mvnvh¨jvBb: 0845 125 5254 d¨vK &m:020 7250 4152 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.womenshealthlondon.org.uk gwnjv‡ì ¯^v‡¯’ï mv‡_ RwoZ bvbv ai‡bi wel‡q Z_¨ cÖ`vb K‡i| ‡dv‡b Ges wPwVi gva¨‡g AbymÜv‡bi Reve †`q| wb‡R wb‡R mvnvh¨ I mnvqZv jvf Kivi Rb¨ e¨w³we‡kl ev cÖwZôv‡bi mv‡_ gwnjv‡ì‡K †hvMv‡hvM Kwi‡q †Ìqvi Rb¨ †idv‡iÝ jvB‡eªix Ges W¨vUv‡eBR i‡q‡Q|

GBP.AvB.wf Ges GBWm National Aids Trust New City Cloisters 196 Old Street London EC1V 9FR ‡Uwj: 020 7814 6767 d¨vK &m: 020 7216 0111 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.nat.org.uk GBP.AvB.wf Ges GBWm m¤ú‡K© RbM‡Yi m‡PZbv e„w×i j¶ iv‡L; GBP.AvB.wf cÖwZ‡ivaKi‡Y cÖ‡Póv M‡o Zz‡j Ges mg_©b K‡i, Ges GBP.AvB.wf I GBWm †ivMx‡ i Rxeb hvc‡bi gvb DbœZ K‡i|

Positive Voice 37-39 Montrose Terrace Edinburgh EH7 5DJ ‡Uwj: 0131 652 0754 (Awdm)

0131 477 2580 (fjvw›Uqvi) d¨vK &m:0131 661 9100 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.positive-voice.org.uk GBP.AvB.wf (HIV) Ges GBWm (AIDS) †iv‡M fy³‡fvMx †jvK‡ì, Zv‡ì Rxeb -mv_x‡ì Ges eÜz-evÜe‡ì‡K mnvqZv Ges civgk© I KvD‡Ýwjs cÖ vb K‡i| Positively Women 347-349 City Road London EC1V 1LR ‡Uwj: 020 7713 0222 d¨vK &m:020 7713 1020 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.positivelywomen.org.uk GBP.AvB.wf/GBWm (HIV/AIDS) †iv‡M fy³‡fvMx gwnjv Ges Zv‡ì cwievi‡ì Rb mnvqZv cÖ vbKvix GKwU cÖwZôvb| Waverley Care Solas 2/4 Abbeymount Edinburgh EH8 8EJ ‡Uwj: 0131 661 0982 d¨vK &m:0131 652 1780 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.waverleycare.org ‹Uj v‡Ûi GBP.AvB.wf (HIV)-†Z fy³‡fvMx †jvK‡ì‡K mnvqZv K‡i| wekªvg †K› ª, Z_ Ges

mnvqZv †K› ª, eÜzZ¡ Kg©m~Px Ges gwnjv‡ i Rb mvßvwnK mnvqZvi Avmi| g „Zz¨ Ges g „Zz¨‡kvK The Compassionate Friends 53 North Street Bristol BS3 1EN mvnvh¨jvBb: 0845 123 2304 ev”Pvi g„Zz¨‡kv‡K RR©wiZ gv-evev‡ i Ges gv-evev‡ i Rb RvZxq cÖwZôvb| GLvb †_‡K Ab vb †kvKvnZ gv-evev‡ i mv‡_ eÜzZ¡ M‡o †Zvjvq mg‡e`bv wewbgq Kivq mvnvh Kiv nq| CRUSE — Bereavement Care 3 Rutland Square Edinburgh EH1 2AS ‡Uwj: 0131 229 6275 d¨vK &m:0131 229 9355 B‡gBj:[email protected] Kv‡iv g„Zy¨‡kv‡K RR©wiZ †jvK‡ì Rb mvnvh , mnvqZv Ges KvD‡ Ýwjs| Foundation for the Study of Infant Deaths (FSID) Artillery House 11-19 Artillery Row London SW1P 1RT ‡Uwj: 020 7222 8001 mvnvh¨jvBb: 020 7233 2090 d¨vK &m:020 7222 8002 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.sids.org.uk/fsid/ ÔKU †W_Õ Gi gva ‡g ev”Pvi g„Zz n‡q‡Q Ggb gv-evev‡ i Rb e w³MZ mnvqZv| 24 N›Uve vcx mvnvh¨jvBb| †Kqvi Ae †bK÷ Bbd v›U (wm.I.Gb.AvB Ñ CONI) Kg©m~Px cwiPvjbv K‡i ÔKU †W‡_iÕ gva ‡g gviv †M‡Q Ggb wkï‡ i gv-evev‡ì‡K cwieZ©x wkï‡ì e vcv‡i mnvqZv I civgk© cÖ vb K‡i| Scottish Cot Death Trust Royal Hospital for Sick Children Yorkhill Glasgow G3 8SJ ‡Uwj: 0141 357 3946 d¨vK &m: 0141 334 1376 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.sidscotland.org.uk wkïi AvKw®§K g„Zz¨‡kv‡K RR©wiZ gv-evev‡ i‡K mnvqZv I Z_ cÖ vb K‡i| ’vbxq mnvqZvKvix cÖwZôvb Ges Ab vb †kvKvnZ gv-evev‡ i mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM Kwi‡q †`q| Stillbirth and Neonatal Death Society (SANDS) 28 Portland Place London W1B 1LY mvnvh¨jvBb: 020 7436 5881 (†mvgevi †_‡K ïµevi ch©šÍ) GWwgb (cÖkvmwbK wefvM): 020 7436 7940 d¨vK &m: 020 7436 3715 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.uk-sands.org mšÍv‡bi g„Zz¨‡Z †kvKvnZ gv-evev‡ì Rb Z_ Ges A‡bK mnvqZvKvix cÖwZôv‡bi gva ‡g mnvqZv cÖ vb K‡i|

gvbwmK ¯v ’¨ Association for Postnatal Illness (APNI) 145 Dawes Road Fulham London SW6 7EB ‡Uwj: 020 7386 0868 d¨vK &m:020 7386 8885 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.apni.org †Uwj‡dv‡b Ges wPwVi gva¨‡g mvnvh¨ mnvqZv cÖ`bKvix fjvw›Uqvi‡ì GKwU †bUIqvK©, hviv wb‡Riv †cŠ÷b vUvj (cÖme cieZ©x) Amy‡L fy‡MwQ‡jb| cÖ‡Z¨K‡K Avjv v fv‡e Ges e w³MZ fv‡e Z_ , mnvqZv Ges Drmvn cÖ vb Kiv nq| Meet A Mum Association (MAMA) 7 Southcourt Road Linslade Leighton Buzzard Bedfordshire LU7 2QF ‡Uwj: 0845 120 6162 mvnvh¨jvBb: 0845 120 3746 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.mama.co.uk †cŠ÷b¨vj Amy‡L (ev”Pv cÖme cieZ©x Amy‡L) fy³‡fvMx gwnjv‡ì‡K Z_¨ Ges mnvqZv cÖ`vb K‡i| gv‡ì‡K Ges n‡bIqvjv gv hviv wew”QbœZv Ges GKvKxZvq fyM‡Qb Zv‡ì‡K Ab¨vb¨‡ì mv‡_ eÜzZ¡ Mov Ges mnvqZv jv‡fi Rb¨ cwiPq Kwi‡q †`q| Scottish Association for Mental Health (SAMH) Cumbrae House 15 Carlton Court Glasgow G5 9JP ‡Uwj: 0141 568 7000 d¨vK &m: 0141 568 7001 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.samh.org.uk Z_¨‡mev cÖ vb K‡i, gvbwmK ¯v ’ wel‡q RbgZ M‡o Zz‡j Ges †UªBwbs cÖ`vb K‡i Ges gvbwmK ¯v ’ , AvBb I †ewbwdU mvwf©m m¤ú‡K© †KD †Kv‡bv wKQy Rvb‡Z PvB‡j Zvi eë ’v K‡i|

PARENT SUPPORT BLISS ‡Uwj: 0870 770 0337 d¨vK &m: 0870 770 0338 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.bliss.org.uk we‡kl †mevh‡Zœi (†¯úk¨vj †Kqv‡ii) Aax‡b wQ‡jv ev i‡q‡Q Ggb wkï‡ì gv-evev‡ì‡K wk¶v, wk¶v-mvgMÖx Ges mnvqZv cÖ`vb K‡i| Cry-sis BM CRY-SIS London WC1N 3XX mvnvh¨jvBb: 020 7404 5011 B‡gBj:[email protected] RvZxq mvnvh¨jvB‡bi gva¨‡g gvÎvwZwi³ KvbœvKvwU K‡i, Nygvq bv Ges Awfgvbx ev”Pv‡ì cwievi‡ì‡K mnvqZv cÖ`vb K‡i| ZvÕQvov Wv‡Ki gva¨‡g wPwVcÎ cvwV‡qI mvnvh¨ K‡i Ñ AbyMÖn K‡i WvK wU‡KU jvMv‡bv Ges Avcbvi wVKvbv wjwLZ GKwU Lvg cvVv‡eb| Gingerbread Scotland 1014 Argyle Street Glasgow G3 8LX ‡Uwj: 0141 576 5085 ¯’vbxq msMVb¸‡jv GKv gv‡qi cwievi‡ì‡K cvi®úwiK mnvqZv, eÜzZ¡, Z_¨, civgk© Ges eënvwiK mvnvh¨ cÖ`vb K‡i| Mf©eZx gwnjv‡ì‡KI ¯^vMZ Rvwb‡q _v‡K| Home-Start 2 Salisbury Road Leicester LE1 7QR ‡Uwj: 0116 233 9955 d¨vK &m: 0116 233 0232 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.home-start.org.uk gvbwmK Pv‡ci g‡a¨ _vK‡Z cv‡ib Ggb cwievi¸‡jv‡K eÜzZ¡c~Y©, eënvwiK mvnvh¨ Ges Av‡eMg~jK mnvqZv cÖ`vb K‡i| (cuvP eQ‡ii wb‡Pi Kgc‡¶ GKwU ev”Pv Aek¨B _vK‡Z n‡e) One Parent Families Scotland 13 Gayfield Square Edinburgh EH1 3NX ‡Uwj: 0131 556 3899 mvnvh¨jvBb: 0800 018 5026 d¨vK &m: 0131 557 7899 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.opfs.org.uk Mf©eZx gwnjv, GKv Ae ’vq ev”Pv jvjb cvjbKvix gv A_ev evev, bb-Kv÷wWq vj gv-evev‡K (AvB‡bi Øviv ev”Pv‡K jvjb cvjb † Iqv nqwb Ggb gv-evev‡K ) mvnvh K‡i| I‡qj‡dqvi ivBU, nvDwRs, PvBì‡Kqvi, Avw_©K mvnv‡hï m ~Î, wk¶v Ges wb‡R wb‡R mvnvh¨Kvix msMVb m¤ú‡K© Z_ cÖ vb K‡i|

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One Plus — One Parent Families 55 Renfrew Street Glasgow G2 3BD ‡Uwj: 0141 333 1450 d¨vK &m:0141 3331399 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.oneplus.org ïaygvÎ gv A_ev ïaygvÎ evevi cwievi ‡jvi (Iqvb c v‡i›U d vwgwj ‡jvi) Rb GKwU ¯Zš¿ cÖwZôvb| ‡jŠb c v‡i›U‡ i‡K (ev”Pv jvjb cvjbKvix ïay gv A_ev ïay evev‡ì‡K) jxq fv‡e A_ev GKK fv‡e Z_ , civgk© Ges KvD‡Ýwjs cÖ vb K‡i| wj½, mgKvgxZv, RvwZ, eY© A_ev ag© wbwe©‡k‡l ev”Pv‡K GKv jvjb cvjbKvix gv (wms‡Mvj ), weaev, ZvjvKcÖvßv A_ev ¯vgxi KvQ †_‡K Avjv v n‡q hvIqv, ‡h †Kv‡bv gwnjvi Rb mgvb my‡hvM eë ’v cÖwZôvi e vcv‡i RbgZ M‡o Zz‡j| gv-eveviv wb‡RivB Zv cwiPvjbv K‡ib| Twins and Multiple Births Association (TAMBA) 2 The Willows Gardener Road Guildford, Surrey GU1 4PJ ‡Uwj: 0870 770 3305 mvnvh¨jvBb: 0800 138 0509 (mÜ¨vq) d¨vK &m:0870 770 3303 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.tamba.org.uk `yB, wZb A_ev Av‡iv †ewk hgR wkïi cwievi¸‡jvi Rb¨ Z_¨ Ges cvi®úwiK mvnvh¨ mnvqZv cÖ`v‡bi j¶¨ iv‡L| hgR wkï I Zv‡ì cwiev‡ii †mevh‡Zœ wb‡qvwRZ me †jvK‡ì Kv‡Q Zv‡ì e¨wZµgag©x Pvwn`v¸‡jv Zz‡j a‡i|

Mf©eZx Ges cÖm~wZ gv‡q‡ì Rb¨ mvwf©m AIMS (Association for Improvements in the Maternity Service) 40 Leamington Terrace Edinburgh EH10 4JL ‡Uwj: 0131 229 6259 mvnvh¨jvBb: 0870 765 1433 www.aims.org.uk gv-evev‡ì AwaKvi, Awf‡hvM c×wZ Ges wbR evm¯’v‡b wkïi Rb¥`vb mn cÖm ~wZ gv‡q‡ì †meveë¯’vq gv-evev‡ì AwaKvi, Awf‡hvM c×wZ Ges cQ›` AcQ›` m¤ú‡K© Z_¨ I mnvqZv cÖ`vbKvix GKwU fjv›Uvwi Pvc m„wóKvix cÖwZôvb| Birth Resource Centre Edinburgh 40 Leamington Terrace Edinburgh EH10 4JL ‡Uwj: 0131 229 3667 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.birthresourcecentre.org.uk me gwnjv Ges Zv‡ì cwiev‡ii Rb¨ eënvwiK I Av‡eMg~jK mnvqZv: Dò Ges Avb›``vqK cwi‡e‡k Avivg Kiv Ges bovPov Kivi cÖwZ `„wó wbe× K‡i Gw›Ub¨vUvj (Mf©Kvjxb) Ges †cŠ÷b¨vUvj wel‡q (ev”Pv cÖme cieZ©x wel‡q) wk¶vg~jK K¬vm, cÖ‡Z¨K‡K Avjv`v fv‡e mvnvh¨, AwfÁZv wewbgq, Z_¨, civgk© Ges ev”Pv-†Kw›`ªK ‡Ljva~jv| Lothian Homebirth Support Group ‡Uwj: 0131 478 0659 wb‡Ri evm¯’v‡b ev”Pv cÖme Ki‡Z Pvb Ges gwnjv‡ì Rb¨ mnvqZv Ges civgk© cÖ`vb K‡i| mvnvh¨ Ges civg‡k©i Rb¨ G‡ì‡K †dvb Ki“b| Maternity Alliance Third Floor West 2-6 Northburgh Street, London EC1V 0AY ‡Uwj: 020 7490 7639 Z_¨ jvBb: 020 7490 7638 d¨vK &m: 020 7014 1350 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.maternityalliance.org.uk gv, evev Ges wkï‡ì AwaKvi Ges mvwf©m DbœZ Kivi e vcv‡i RbgZ M‡o Zz‡j| ^v ’¨‡mev, †ewbwdU Ges PvKwii mv‡_ RwoZ AwaKvi m¤ú‡K© civgk© cÖ vb K‡i| gv-evev I †ckvRxwe‡ì‡K Z_ cÖ`vb K‡i| Scottish Independent Midwives 9 Cordiner Street (ïa~gvÎ wPwV cvVv‡bvi wVKvbv) Glasgow G44 4TY ‡Uwj: 0141 579 8404 †hme gwnjv Zv‡ì †mevi e¨vcv‡i Av‡iv GKwU gZvgZ wb‡Z Pvb Zv‡ì Rb¨ †Uwj‡dv‡b civgk© cÖ`vb K‡i|

Mf©aviY mgm¨v Action on Pre-eclampsia (APEC) 84-88 Pinner Road Harrow, Middlesex HA1 4HZ mvnvh¨jvBb: 020 8427 4217 d¨vK &m: 020 8424 0653 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.apec.org.uk wcÖ-GK ¬¨v¤úwmqvq fy³‡fvMx †jvK‡ì mvnvh¨ mnvqZv I Z_¨ cÖ`v‡b wb‡qvwRZ GKwU `vZe¨ cÖwZ ôvb|

Antenatal Results and Choices (ARC) 73-75 Charlotte Street London W1T 4PN mvnvh¨jvBb: 020 7631 0285 d¨vK &m:020 7631 0280 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.arc-uk.org M‡f©i wkïi g‡a A ^vfvweKZv wbY©q Kiv n‡q‡Q Ggb gwnjv Ges ¤úwZ‡ i‡K mnvq Zv Ges Z_ cÖ vb K‡i| hviv Mf© bó Ki‡Z eva n‡q‡Qb Zv‡ i‡K AbeiZ mnvqZv cÖ vb K‡i| The Chartered Association Physiotherapy 14 Bedford Row London WC1R 4ED ‡Uwj: 020 7306 6666 d¨vK &m:020 7306 6611 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.csp.org.uk †iwR÷vW© wdwRI‡_ivwc‡÷i vq- vwqZ¡ m¤ú‡K© Z_¨ Ges ’vbxq wdwRI‡_ivwc÷‡ì mv‡_ ‡hvMv‡hv‡Mi weeiY| Miscarriage Association c/o Clayton Hospital Northgate Wakefield WF1 3JS ‡Uwj: 01924 200799 d¨vK &m:01924 298834 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.miscarriageassociation.org.uk wgmK¨vwiR n‡q‡Q A_ev wgmK¨vwiR n‡Z hv‡”Q Ggb gwnjv‡ì Rb¨ Z_¨, civgk© Ges mnvqZv| Obstetric Cholestasis Support Group 4 Shenstone Close Four Oaks Sutton Coldfield Birmingham B74 4XB ‡Uwj: 0121 353 0699 B‡gBj:[email protected] mnvqZv Ges Z_¨| SCIM (Scottish Care and Information on Miscarriage) 41 Merryland Street Glasgow G51 2QG ‡Uwj: 0141 445 3727 d¨vK &m:0141 445 0119 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.connectedscotland.org.uk/scimnet wgmK vwi‡Ri gva ‡g wkï nvwi‡q‡Qb Ggb gwnjv‡ì Rb KvD‡Ýwjs mvwf©m, fwel ‡Z Mf©aviY

m¤ú‡K© Ges wgmK vwi‡Ri c‡i Mf©aviY cwiKíbv Kivi e vcv‡i mnvqZv| Gc‡q›U‡g›U K‡i

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AwaKvi Ges †ewbwdU ACAS (Advisory, Concilliation and Arbitration Service) 151 West George Street Glasgow G2 7JL ‡Uwj: 0141 248 1400 RbM‡Yi AbymÜvb mvwf©m: 0845 747 4747 www.acas.org.uk Mf©Kvjxb mg‡q PvKwi †_‡K QywU †bIqv Ges Ab vq fv‡e PvKwi †_‡K eiLv Í Kiv RvZxq wel‡q civgk© cÖ vb K‡i| Avcbvi GjvvKvi jvB‡eªix Ges wmwU‡RÝ GWfvBm ey¨‡ivi Rb¨| ‡ewbwdU Bb‡Kvqvwi jvBb Benefit Enquiry Line 0800 88 22 00 ‡UK÷‡dvb: 0800 24 33 55 †MvcbZv i¶v K‡i †Uwj‡dv‡bi gva¨‡g wW‡R‡evì †jvK‡ì, Zv‡ i †Kqvivi‡ì Ges cÖwZwbwa‡ i‡K civgk© I Z_ cÖ vb K‡i| †mvk¨vj wmwKDwiwUi †ewbwdU¸‡jv m¤ú‡K© Ges G ‡jv vex Kiv m¤ú‡K© Z_ I civgk© cÖ vb K‡i| Child Benefit Office P.O. Box 1 Newcastle Upon Tyne NE88 1AA ‡Uwj: 0845 302 1444 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.inlandrevenue.gov.uk/ childbenefit/eligible.htm PvBì †ewbwdU (Child Benefits), Iqvb c¨v‡i›U †ewbwdU (One Parent Benefit ) Ges MvwR©qvÝ GjvI‡qÝ (Guardian’s Allowance) m¤ú‡K© Z_¨ I civgk© cÖ`vb K‡i|

Child Support Agency P.O. Box 55 Pedmore House Brierley Hill West Midlands DY5 1YL ‡Uwj: 08457 133 133 wgwbKg: 08457 138 924 www.csa.gov.uk miKvix cÖwZôvb †h †MÖBwU weª‡U‡b ev”Pv‡ì fiY‡cvl‡Yi LiP wnmve K‡i Ges Zv Av`vq K‡i| wmwU‡RÝ GWfvBm ey¨‡iv (wm.G.we.Gm) Citizen’s Advice Bureaux (CABs) Avcbvi †jvK¨vj jvB‡eªix †_‡K †hvMv‡hv‡Mi weeiY †R‡b wbb, A_ev †dvb ey‡Ki Counselling and Advice ’Aa¨vq †`Lyb| Commission for Racial Equality The Tun 12 Jackson’s Entry (Off Holyrood Road) Edinburgh EH8 8PJ ‡Uwj: 0131 524 2000 d¨vK &m: 0131 524 2001 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.cre.gov.uk †eAvBbx RvwZMZ êlg¨Zv ~ixKiY Ges mevi Rb¨ mgvb my‡hvM weKv‡k I DbœZ gv‡bi RvwZMZ †mŠnv ©¨Zv M‡o †Zvjvi e vcv‡i KvR K‡i| Edinburgh Disability Benefits Centre (DBC) Argyle House 3 Lady Lawson Street Edinburgh EH3 0XY ‡Uwj: 0131 229 9191 d¨vK &m:0131 222 5231 ‡UK÷‡dvb: 0845 722 4433 www.dss.gov.uk/ba G‡U‡ÛÝ GjvI‡qÝ Ges wW‡RwewjwU wjwfs GjvI‡qÝ m¤ú‡K© Z_ Ges civgk©| (see Glasgow DBC). ÷ª¨v_K¬vBW Qvov ¯‹Uj¨v‡Ûi me GjvKvi e¨vcv‡i KvR K‡i (Glasgow DBC †`Lyb)| Equal Opportunities Commission St Stevens House, 279 Bath Street Glasgow G2 4JL ‡Uwj: 0845 601 5901 B‡gBj:[email protected] www.eoc.org.uk êlg¨Zv Ges mevi Rb mgvb my‡hv‡Mi mv‡_ RwoZ welqvw ‡Z Z_ Ges civgk©| Glasgow Disability Benefits Centre Corunna House, 29 Cadogan Street Glasgow G2 7BN ‡Uwj: 0141 249 3500 G‡U‡ÛÝ GjvI‡qÝ Ges wW‡RwewjwU wjwfs GjvI‡qÝ m¤ú‡K© Z_¨| ÷ª v_K ¬vBWI GwUi †mevi AšÍf©y³| wWcvU©‡g›U Ae †mvk¨vj wmwKDwiwU Social Security, Department of ‡gUvwb©wU †ewbwdU Ges BbKvg mv‡cvU© mn me ai‡bi †mvk¨vj wmwKDwiwUi †ewbwdU, PvBì mv‡cvU©, ‡cbkb, b¨vkb¨vj BÝy‡iÝ m¤ú‡K© mvaviYZ Z_¨ cÖ`vb K‡i| Avcbvi GjvKvi †mvk¨vj wmwKDwiwUi Awd‡m †Uwj‡dvb Ki“b, wPwV †jLyb A_ev hvb| ‡mvk¨vj mvwf©‡mm GÛ I‡qj‡dqvi A‡M©bvB‡RkÝ Social Services and Welfare Organisations †ewbwdU, nvDwRs, Avw_©K mgmv, Kg©ms ’vb, fvjevmvi m¤ú‡K© mgmv, ev”Pv‡ i † Lv‡kvbv Ges iKvix cÖwZôvb ‡jv m¤ú‡K© Z_ cÖ vb K‡i| †dvb ey‡Ki Avcbvi †jvKvj A‡_vwiwUi (KvDwÝ‡ji) bv‡gi Aax‡b Social Services’ Aav‡q GwUi we ÍvwiZ weeiY cv‡eb| A_ev Avcbvi GjvKvi jvB‡eªix †_‡K †hvMv‡hv‡Mi weeiY †R‡b wbb|

wbivwgl‡fvwRZv (†fwRUvwiqvwbRg) Vegetarian Society of the UK Ltd Parkdale, Dunham Road Altrincham Cheshire WA14 4QG ‡Uwj: 0161 925 2000 d¨vK &m:0161 926 9182 B‡gBj:[email protected] www. vegsoc.org wbivwgl‡fvR Gi me© w`K m¤ú‡K© mvaviYZ Z_¨ Ges civgk©| wkï, ev”Pv Ges Mf©eZ©x gwnjv‡ì wbivwgl‡fvwRZv m¤ú‡K© Z_¨cÎ mn wewfbœ ai‡bi wk¶v-mvgMÖx cÖKvk K‡i|

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Mf©ve¯’v, Rb¥ I kvšÍ vKzb - NHS Grampian Steady... · ‡mKkb GK Mf©ve¯ ’v Mf©ve¯’vi cÖv_wgK ch©vq 4 Mf©ve¯’vq kvixwiK mejZv I ¯^v ... ‡h me k‡ãi gy‡LvgywL