MGT201 Term Paper British American Tobacco

7/23/2019 MGT201 Term Paper British American Tobacco

1/21

MGT201

Term Paper

On

British American Tobacco

Submitted To:

Tanzin Khan

Facut!" BBS# Submitted B!:

Moinu $ossain % 1120&0&'

Samit Sai( % 1'10&1))

Fahim *aman + 1&,0&1'0

Khaed -bne *aman % 1,,0&100

.our $ossain % 1&10&1)/


2/21

ate o( submission: 2&%11%201'


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hapters .ame o( the theor! Pae .o

---------------- Introduction- about theorganization

01

01 Need Theory 02

02 Goal Setting Theory 10

03 Re-enforcement Theory 12

04 !uity Theory 14

0" #$ectancy Theory 1%

---------------- &onclu'ion 1(


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P3O4OG56 ABO5T B3-T-S$ AM63-A. TOBAO 7BAT8

Bac9round:

The presence o( British American Tobacco in this part o( the ord can be traced bac9 to 1;10#

Beinnin the " the ompan! chaned its name and identit! to British

American Tobacco Banadesh ompan! 4td#

Their sharehoders:

This as one o( the (irst companies isted on ha9a and hittaon stoc9 e?chanes# The British

American Tobacco Group hods /'#;1@ o( the shares in British American Tobacco Banadesh#

Other sharehoders are the -nestment orporation o( Banadesh" Shadharan Bima orporation"

Banadesh Shipa 3in Shanstha" Goernment o( Peope=s 3epubic o( Banadesh" Sena

Ka!an Shanstha and other members o( the pubic#

Their ontributions:

British American Tobacco Banadesh is one o( the arest mutinationa companies in

Banadesh# onseuent!" this is aso the arest priate sector ta? pa!er in Banadesh# -n

201&" this contributed T9 ;,#,; biion in the (orm o( Suppementar! ut!" Caue Added Ta?

7CAT8 and other ta?es to the nationa e?cheuer# Oer time" it has success(u! estabished itse(

as the compan! contributin to economic" socia and human resource deeopment# -t continues

to moe (orard to deier hiher promises#


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Their Beie(s:

At British American Tobacco Banadesh" the! strie to be a responsibe compan! hereer the!

operate % that ma! be to their sharehoders" empo!ees" business partners or an! other reeant

interna and e?terna sta9ehoders# To them" responsibiit! is a a! o( i(e and that is h! the!

beiee Dsuccess and responsibiit! o toetherE#

Their Peope:

At British American Tobacco Banadesh" di((erence is its adantae and diersit! is its strenth#

-t empo!s more than 1">0; peope direct! and about '0"000 peope indirect! as (armers"

distributors and oca suppiers# Moreoer" around ;00"000 retaiers in the countr! se its brands

to earn their iin# The! ta9e reat pride in sa!in that the! are one o( the most pre(erred

empo!ers in the countr!# $ain peope (rom a ide ariet! o( cutures and bac9rounds ho

support each other=s success ma9es them uniue# -t is their poo o( taented peope ho ie this

pace the onder(u and peasant or9in enironment that ta9es them (orard eer! da!#

Chapter: 01

Need Theory:

$ierarch! o( need theor!:

As e are or9in on BAT=s empo!ee motiation" so e oud i9e to start our research (rom

the most popuar and e 9non theor! o( motiation (rom Abraham Maso 7in the picture8


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hich is 9non as the D$ierarch! o( need theor!E# Abraham Maso deeoped the $ierarch! o(

.eeds mode in 1;&0%'0s in 5SA" and the $ierarch! o( .eeds theor! remain aid ti toda! (or

understandin human motiation" manaement trainin" and persona deeopment# -ndeed"

Masos ideas surroundin the $ierarch! o( .eeds concernin the responsibiit! o( empo!ers to

proide a or9pace enironment that encouraes and enabes empo!ees to (u(i their on

uniue potentia 7se(%actuaization8 are toda! more reeant than eer# Abraham Masos boo9

Motiation and Personait!" pubished in 1;'& here he has shoed the ' criteria o( need hich

are Ph!siooica" Sa(et!" Socia" 6steem and Se( actuaization#

$e separated the ' needs into hiher and oer order# Ph!siooica and Sa(et! as cassi(ied as

oer order need as these satis(ies e?terna! 7huner" thirst" sheter etc#8 and the other three%

Socia" 6steem and Se( actuaization is cassi(ied as hiher order need because the! satis(ies

interna! 7(riendship" oe" se( respect" autonom!" se( (u(iment etc#8 Maso=s too9 some

assumptions to proe his theor!# $ere" he said that as each o( these needs becomes substantia!

satis(ied" the ne?t need becomes dominant# So" he suested (or motiatin an indiidua at (irst

e need to understand hat ee o( hierarch! that person beon and (ocus on satis(!in the

needs o( the current ee and aboe that ee# -n spite o( ettin ide rane o( reconition" it

has some drabac9s# First!" he proided no obseration hich can authenticate his theor!#

Second!" seera studies that souht to aidate the theor! (ound no support# 4ast!" he

suested that hen a need is sini(icant! satis(ied" the ne?t need come to the driin seat#

5n(ortunate!" hoeer" researches do not enera! aidate the theor!# There(ore" e decided

to aunch an inestiation on this theor! and e i tr! to (ind and reate thins ith this theor!#


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e hae aread! summed up the theor! in the preious pararaph and then accordin to the

assumptions o( Maso=s e ent (or the research# For our research e interieed an empo!ee

(rom BAT her name is -shrat Hahan" &'7app8" she has been or9in in BAT (or such a on period

o( time# As BAT is a bi oranization" so e assume that a midde ran9 empo!ee has obious!

her ph!siooica needs (u(ied and aso bein in her mid ee she has not touch the se(%

actuaization part !et# As because e i tr! to proe Maso=s theor!" e set some uestions

(rom the sa(et!" socia and esteem# Athouh" our sampe do not (it into a the ' needs" but

someone ese=s sampe miht (it in a the criteria=s# Apart (rom that e (ind a the other

components er! interestin in our sampe# Meanhie" e started our interie and initia!

as9ed uestion about sa(et! i9e here does she ie in" here is her o((ice and does she hae an!

car proided b! the oranization or personaI As (irst she smied" and then repied that she ies in

Mirpur and her o((ice is in Gushan# Moreoer" she does not hae a car both a! and the


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Maso# 5n(ortunate!" this theor! has a bad reputation reardin research and e aso (aied to

support the theor!" hoeer this theor! is sti ide! reconized and popuar amon the actie

manaers (or its positie portions# Thus" in the ater stae man! edition o( the theor! has come

hich has oer its criticism to some e?tent#

Mceand=s Theor! o( .eed:

-n the ear! 1;/0" an American socia ps!chooist" aid arence Mceand 7in the picture8

and his associates deeoped the Mceand theor! o( need# Accordin to Mceand" these

motiators are earned 7hich is h! this theor! is sometimes caed the 4earned .eeds Theor!8#

Mceand sa!s that" reardess o( our ender" cuture" or ae" e a hae three motiatin

driers" and one o( these i be our dominant motiatin drier# This dominant motiator is

are! dependent on our cuture and i(e e?periences# The three motiators are achieement ,

a((iiation, and poer# Peope i hae di((erent characteristics dependin on their dominant

motiator# The three motiators are de(ined as (oos:

.eed (or achieement The drie to e?ce" to achiee in reation to a set o( standard" to

strie to success

.eed (or poer The need to ma9e others behae in a a! that the! oud not hae

behaed otherise#

.eed (or a((iiation The desire (or (riend! and cose interpersona reationship


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This is the combination o( three (actors hich hih achieer aa!s pre(er# First!" hih achieer

aa!s stries and see9s (or persona responsibiit!# Second! the! pre(er to hae an amount o(

(eedbac9 hich can be either positie or neatie# 4ast!" hih achieer do not i9e ambin

ith hih odd numbers and aa!s (aor hain moderate ris9# The peope ith hih in need (or

poer ant to in(uence other and ta9e contro o( others# This t!pe o( person=s pre(er to be

paced into competitie and status oriented situation and tend to be more concern ith prestie

and ainin in(uence oer others than ith e((ectie per(ormance# 4ast o( a" the person ith

hih need (or a((iiation stries (or (riendship" pre(er cooperatie situation than competitie one

and pre(erred to be inoed in a hih deree o( mutua understandin# Man! researchers had

proided ots o( eidence to proe the theor! and some other (aied# There(ore" e too9 our

sampe and decided to ta9e a oo9 at it and e i tr! to proe the theor!#

e hae aread! summed up the theor! in the preious pararaph and then accordin to the

assumptions o( Mceand=s theor! o( need e ent (or the research# For our research e

choose a sampe (rom BAT her name is -shrat Hahan" &'" she has been or9in in BAT (or such a

on period o( time# Be(ore oin (or an! t!pe o( interie e set some sampe uestion to as9

her# hen e appeared (or the interie" (irst o( a e as9ed he does she pre(er hih


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responsibiit!


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This is the time to ana!ze the theor! based on our (indin (rom our sampe# Be(ore oin into

an! detai e can sa! that man! researchers hae proed the theor! and it has ot more support

(rom the researcher than the Maso=s hierarch! o( need theor!# .o" ana!zin the theor! e

(ound that our sampe is hih! motiated as her hih need (or achieement is (u(ied# She ot

hih responsibiities" hih (eedbac9 and moderate ris9 hich cear! indicate to her hih ee o(

motiation# Second!" she possesses ood interpersona reationship ith her co%or9er

aonside the peope or9in under her# She is aso happ! ith her need (or a((iiation part#

4ast!" she is not hain a compete (reedom in the time o( e?ercisin poer hich e can

cear! see (rom her s9ippin o( a uestion# The (u(iment o( the assumption directs us to that

e hae success(u! proe the theor! ith our sampe# .eertheess" some peope miht

disaree ith our researchJ sti e ere abe to proe the theor!# So" e thin9 that Mceands

Theor! o( .eeds is the best theor!" 9eepin in mind human need and the business perspectie

because the empo!ee i pre(er those oranizations here he can e?press his 9noede"

e?periences and s9is in a proper a! and in a ood enironment so that he ma! achiee his

mission as e as ision# On the other hand the oners o( the (irmsoranizations i pre(er to

hiher those empo!ees hom the! ished to or9 in their oranization so that the! ma!

achiee the ision and mission o( the (irm and enerate the ma?imum pro(it (or the oranization#

There(ore" the manaer needs to identi(! hich t!pe o( motiation an empo!ee needs#

Chapter: 02

Goa Settin Theor!:

-n 1;/0=s" 6din 4oc9e 7-n the picture8 put (orard the Goa%settin theor! o( motiation and he

said the intention to or9 toard a oa are a ma


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tes an empo!ee hat needs to be done and ho much e((ort needs to be ien# -n addition to

that" speci(ic oas increase per(ormanceJ that di((icut oas" hen accepted" resut in hiher

per(ormance than do eas! oas and that (eedbac9 eads to hiher per(ormance than does no

(eedbac9# Goa settin is a poer(u a! o( motiatin peope" and o( motiatin one= se(# The

aue o( oa settin is so e reconized that entire manaement s!stems" i9e Manaement b!

ob


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e" this time to ana!ze the theor! and e i sho ho e supported the oa settin theor!#

As e moe on e (ound (rom our interie that the (ie continencies are hain impact# The

person e interieed in(ormed us that his manaer ies him speci(ic oas" ies him

(eedbac9" he is se( con(ident and the a! the oranization is or9in he is rea! happ!# $ere"

e support the theor! that oa settin aonside its continencies motiates empo!ees# Thus"

under the proper condition these can ead to hih motiation and


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e aread! ot some ideas about 3ein(orcement theor!# For this theor! e ta9e interie (rom

-shrat Hahan# e aread! 9no that she has been or9in in BAT (or such a on period o( time#

So" e pre(erred her (or this theor!# Our (irst uestion as to her about her saar!# But she did

not te about this# e did not as9 second time about her saar!# e 9no man! peope do not

i9e to ta9 about their saar!# But she said the! she ets a ood enouh saar! and she is happ!

ith that# Then" e as9ed her about the Bonus s!stem o( BAT# Aain she did not ie an! anser

o( this uestion# She said it is con(identia and it is aainst the compan! poic!# A(ter that e

as9ed that is she happ! ith her bonuses# She said she et ood amount o( bonuses and it=s

(u(iin her e?pectation# Fooed b! e as9ed that hen her boss ants to repeat a behaior"

does he ies her an! bones" promotion or on! per(ormance appraisa# She auhed and then

said that she ets on! per(ormance appraisa (or that# A(ter that e anted to 9no i( she ets

bonus on a (i?ed intera or it aries on the per(ormance# She said that she ets bonus on both the

occasion# At ast e as9ed her i( she (ind an! chane in her behaior no (rom the time hen

she


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rein(orcement in(uence behaior 7e (ound (rom our sampe=s chane in the behaior8 on the

other hand conitie ariabes can hinder rein(orcement schedue# Ma! be some other

inestiator (ind some di((erent soution e ant to sa! bein in the neutra position that

rein(orcement can motiate peope to some e?tent but" that is imited#

Chapter: 04

Equity Theory:

A theor! sa!s that indiiduas compare their


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$ere A represents the empo!ee and B represents reeant others#

There are (our re(erent comparisons that an empo!ee can use:

1. Self-inside: 6mpo!ee=s e?perience in current oranization#

2. Self-outside: 6mpo!ee=s e?perience outside the oranization#

3. ther !inside: Another indiidua inside the empo!ee=s oranization#

4. ther !outside: Another indiidua outside the empo!ee=s oranization#

6mpo!ees miht compare themsees to (riends" neihbors" coor9ers" coeaues in other

oranizations or compare their present


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1# Gien pa!ment b! time oer rearded empo!ees i produce more than i euitab! paid

empo!ees#

2# Gien pa!ment b! uantit! o( production oer rearded empo!ees i produce (eer but

hiher uait! units than i euitab! paid empo!ees#

,# Gien pa!ment b! time under rearded empo!ees i produce ess uait! o( output#

Gien pa!ment b! uantit! o( production under rearded empo!ees i produce a are

number o( o uait! units in comparison ith euitab! paid empo!ees#

6uit! theor! based on distributie


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Chapter: 0)

6?pectanc! Theor!:

Cictor Croom=s e?pectanc! theor! arues that the strenth o( a tendenc! to act in a certain a!

depends on the strenth o( an e?pectation that the act i be (ooed b! a ien outcome and

on the attractieness o( that outcome to the indiiduas# -t is an e?pected and not the actua

satis(action that an empo!ee e?pects to receie a(ter achiein the oas# 6?pectanc! Theor! o(

motiation can hep manaers understand ho indiiduas ma9e decisions reardin arious

behaiora aternaties#

Soe! based on the theor! e as9ed some chosen empo!ees a (e uestions" their ansers ead

us to beiee BAT 7British American Tobacco8 (oos e?pectanc! theor! ith their or9ers# -n

spite bein an internationa compan! BAT motiates their or9er throuh reards" bonus and

hih praise to the empo!ee (rom their empo!er# 6mpo!ees acts a certain a! that is e?pected

o( them b! their empo!er and aso because o( the attractie resut (or their or9#


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To (ind out i( BAT (ocuses on the three reationship o( e?pectanc! theor!" e tried to narro it

don b! as9in them some uestion#

6((ort%per(ormance reationship:

The probabiit! perceied b! indiidua that e?ertin ien amount o( e((ort i ead to

per(ormance#

-ndiidua or9 per(ormance in each sector is e((icient# ue to the (act that BAT monitors its

empo!ees a the time the! are e?pected to or9 their best and su((icient to succeed# 6mpo!ees

are mani(ested on achiein ood per(ormance reie hich is aso another reason (or

empo!ees to or9 hard# 6mpo!ees (ee the need to improe their or9# So our (indin (rom

this as that indiiduas= e((ort is i9eise to be reconized b! BAT in his per(ormance appraisa

as e((ort%per(ormance reationship is on a((ect#

Per(ormance%reard reationship:

The deree to hich the indiidua beiees that per(ormin at a particuar ee i ead to the

attainment o( a desired outcome#

As mentioned be(ore empo!ees are er! hard or9in" 9eepin in mind their per(ormance

reie and or9 e((ort is monitored a the time# Aso based on these empo!ees are aso

rearded in arious di((erent a!# So hen empo!ees per(orm the! are (ocused on doin their

best# .ot on! durin indiidua or9 but aso durin team or9# As a resut eer! empo!ee

contributes e((ectie!# As a resut BAT empo!ees et a ood per(ormance appraisa eadin to

oranizationa reards#


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3eards%persona oas reationship:

The deree to hich oranizationa reards satis(! an indiidua=s persona oas or needs and

the attractieness o( those potentia reards (or the indiidua#

-ndiidua per(ormance is rearded b! the compan! throuh bonus" reard or promotion#

ependin on the t!pe o( or9 the! are inoed ith" empo!ees are rearded accordin!#

BAT emphasizes on reards (or the empo!ees (or their or9 as a resut indiiduas are inested

on settin up persona oas and imitation (or them to achiee in the oranization#

From our uestions and the ained ansers (rom the empo!ees o( BAT e (ind that the

oranization has e?pectanc! theor! on e((ect ith their empo!ees#

oncusion:

To sum up" a the theories e can summaries them in di((erent pararaphs as (oos:

From the to need theories e coud not support the Maso=s hierarch! o( need theor! but e

supported the Mceand theor! o( need#

-n the second part (or the oa settin theor! e share same thouht as 6din 4oc9e# e ere

abe to support the theor!#

On the third part e too9 a neutra position on rein(orcement theor! as it has its a((ect on both

a!s#

.e?t" e coud support H# Stac! Adams (or his euit! theor! (rom our (indins#

4ast!" e maintain Cictor Croom=s e?pectanc! theor! hich shos sins o( simiarities ith our

(indins#

To (inish this assinment e ant to ma9e a reminder that these are our (indins" e (ound these

(rom our sampes and e rote our thouht or


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Reference:

http://www.batbangladesh.com/group/sites/BAT_85DTR.nsf/!w"ages#eb$i!e/D%85D&

'() opendocument*+&,-

&at0 Daniel0 Robert $ouis &ahn00 and . +tac1 Adams. The +tud1 of %rganiations. +an2rancisco0 3alif.: osse14Bass0 86. "rint.
http://www.batbangladesh.com/group/sites/BAT_85DJTR.nsf/vwPagesWebLive/DO85DKEX?opendocument&SKN=1http://www.batbangladesh.com/group/sites/BAT_85DJTR.nsf/vwPagesWebLive/DO85DKEX?opendocument&SKN=1http://www.batbangladesh.com/group/sites/BAT_85DJTR.nsf/vwPagesWebLive/DO85DKEX?opendocument&SKN=1http://www.batbangladesh.com/group/sites/BAT_85DJTR.nsf/vwPagesWebLive/DO85DKEX?opendocument&SKN=1http://www.batbangladesh.com/group/sites/BAT_85DJTR.nsf/vwPagesWebLive/DO85DKEX?opendocument&SKN=1

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MGT201 Term Paper British American Tobacco