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7 elements of culture Communication examples
Michael Sheinis Block: 110/5/14
CultureIs passed on by parents, grandparents,
teachers, etc Affects the way we think, what we believe
(religiously & morally), what we eat, what we wear, how we behave, how our society behaves
Social OrganizationSociology= the study of the development,
organization, & functioning of societyWhat is the most important social unit?
FamilyFamily patterns
Nuclear family- wife, husband, kids. Typical to industrialized societies
Extended family- Several generations in one household. Parents, kids, grandparents, aunts, uncles. Usually in developing nations.
Patriarchal- family where the oldest male makes the decisions
Matriarchal- family where the oldest female makes all the decisions
Social Organization (cont...)Kinship= concept that everyone is related to
someoneThere are rules (i.e. uncles can’t marry nieces)
Clan= people w/in an ethnic group who claim to be descended from a common ancestor
Social Classes= rank people according to status in societyCan be based on $, occupation, heredity,
education, etcSocial mobility= chance to move up and
down the social ladder.
Customs & TraditionsRules of behavior (enforced by social
pressures or by written laws)ways of doing everyday thingsBasic moral valuesLanguage
Linguistics= the study of languagesLanguage families- most languages have root in
same source. Largest major language family is the Indo-European Language
ClothesFoodsEducationOccupation
Arts & LiteratureProducts of human imagination teach us
about cultural values. Can encourage pride or criticize.
Includes:PaintingSculpturemusicDrawingTheatreLiteraturearchitecture
ReligionHelps people answer the basic questions about the
meaning of life; supports the values of a culture; can shape morals & ethics of a group of people
Monotheism- belief/worship of 1 godPolytheism- belief/worship of more than 1 godAnimism- belief that everything in nature has a spiritThe 5 Major World Religions:
HinduismBuddhismChristianityJudaismIslam
LanguageCornerstone of CultureCulture passed through languageAll cultures have languageLanguage reflects a culture’s identitySome countries have mixed languages
Forms of GovernmentGovernment is designed to provide for
people‘s common needs- keeping order in society & protecting it from outside threatsRefers to the person(s) who holds power and to
society’s laws & institutions.Types of Governments:
Democracy- the people have supreme pwr. Governments acts by & w/ their consent
Republic- people choose the leaders who will represent them
Dictatorship- a ruler (or group acting as 1) holds power by force. Often uses military to stay in office.
Economic SystemsHow people use limited resources to satisfy their wants &
needs3 questions:
What goods & services should we produce? How should we produce them? For whom should we produce them?
Traditional economy- people prod most of what they need to survive. Hunting/gathering or farming/herding societies.
Market economy- individuals answer the econ questions by buying & selling goods & services
Command economy- government controls what goods are prod, how they are prod & what they cost. Individuals have little econ power
Mixed economy- individuals make some decisions & government makes others
Examples of communicationThe process of sending and
receiving messages through verbal or nonverbal means--speech (oral communication),writing (written communication), signs, signals, or behavior.