MicrococciMicrococciMarphology:

_ _Gram +ve cocciGram +ve cocci

Arrangement : Tetrades _ _ _ _Non motile , non capsulated , non sporulatedNon motile , non capsulated , non sporulated

Habitat:

May be normal present in upper respiratory tractMay be normal present in upper respiratory tract Species:

11 - -M.varlansM.varlans 22 - -M.luteusM.luteus

33 - -M.roseusM.roseus

CultureCulture: : - -Stricking aerobic at 37°C incubation (24 hr)Stricking aerobic at 37°C incubation (24 hr)

Grow on ordinary media Nutrient agarGrow on ordinary media Nutrient agar - -

Blood agar andBlood agar and

- -on Mannitol salt agar grow given rose to rose or pinkon Mannitol salt agar grow given rose to rose or pink colonies except M.roseuscolonies except M.roseus. .

M.VarlansM.Varlans

))yellowyellow ( (

M.LuteusM.Luteus

))whitewhite ( (

M.RoseusM.Roseus

))pinkpink ( (

on the Blood agaron the Blood agar

Disease:Acute endocarditisAcute endocarditis

Urinary tract infectionUrinary tract infection

MastitisMastitis

Chest infectionChest infection

Resistance:Resistance to many antibioticsResistance to many antibiotics

StreptococciStreptococci

General characterGeneral character: :

11 - -MorphologyMorphology: : _ _Gram (+ve) cocciGram (+ve) cocci

Arrangement : ChainArrangement : Chain _ _

_ _Non motile , non sporulated , may be capsulated or notNon motile , non sporulated , may be capsulated or not. .

Culture characterCulture character: :

_ _Facultative anaerobicFacultative anaerobic _ _On fluid media →SedmentOn fluid media →Sedment

_ _Grow very poor on ordinary media as dew drops like Grow very poor on ordinary media as dew drops like colonies, but growth inhanced in blood and glucose agarcolonies, but growth inhanced in blood and glucose agar. .

ClassificationClassification : : 11--Brown`s classficationBrown`s classfication → depend up on degree of → depend up on degree of

hemolysishemolysis ** β- hemolyticβ- hemolytic (clear zone of hemolysis ) or ( complete ) e.g. (clear zone of hemolysis ) or ( complete ) e.g.

S.pyogens [most pathogenic group ]S.pyogens [most pathogenic group ] * *α – hemolyticα – hemolytic (incomplete hemolysis) greenish colour in (incomplete hemolysis) greenish colour in

the blood agarthe blood agar e.g. (S.viridans _ S.pneumonia) [mield pathogenic group]e.g. (S.viridans _ S.pneumonia) [mield pathogenic group]

**γ-haemolysisγ-haemolysis (non hemolytic group )(non hemolytic group )e.g. S.lactise.g. S.lactismainly saprophyticmainly saprophytic..

22 - -Sherman`s classficationSherman`s classfication → → depend up on the ability of depend up on the ability of microorgonism to grow at 10°C and 45°Cmicroorgonism to grow at 10°C and 45°C

* *pyogenicgrouppyogenicgroup e.g. S.pyogenice.g. S.pyogenic

- - Not grow at 10,45°C but grow at 37°CNot grow at 10,45°C but grow at 37°C - - pathogenicpathogenic

- - B- hemolyticB- hemolytic * *Entrococci groupEntrococci group

S.fecalisS.fecalis

))E. fecalisE. fecalis(( - - grow at 10& 45°Cgrow at 10& 45°C

- - less pathogenic (present in the intestine)less pathogenic (present in the intestine) - - highly resistance to alkaline, bile saltshighly resistance to alkaline, bile salts..

& & saline NaCl & resistance to Antibioticsaline NaCl & resistance to Antibiotic * *Lactic groupLactic group::

e.g. S.lactise.g. S.lactis - - grow at 10°C but not at 45°Cgrow at 10°C but not at 45°C

- - non pathogenicnon pathogenic - - γ- hemolyticγ- hemolytic

* *Viridans or oral streptococcusViridans or oral streptococcus S.viridansS.viridans

- - grow at 45 °C & not 10°Cgrow at 45 °C & not 10°C - - α – hemolyticα – hemolytic

33 - -lance field classficationlance field classfication → → depent on carbohydratedepent on carbohydrate Antigen Antigen in the cell wallin the cell wall

Group A , B ,C ,D ,G , N, K , untypable groupGroup A , B ,C ,D ,G , N, K , untypable group

Group AGroup A: :

S.pyogens affect the human causing scarlet fever acute tonsilis – S.pyogens affect the human causing scarlet fever acute tonsilis – abcess – sore throat – otitis media puer peral sepsis and pyogenic abcess – sore throat – otitis media puer peral sepsis and pyogenic infectioninfection

Also cause post streptococcus disease asAlso cause post streptococcus disease as: :

- -Rheumatic feverRheumatic fever. .

- -Rheumatic kidneyRheumatic kidney. .

- -Bovine mastitis in cattleBovine mastitis in cattle..

Group BGroup B: :

S.agalactia → mainly affect the bovine causing mastitisS.agalactia → mainly affect the bovine causing mastitis..

Normal present in the infant & sepsisNormal present in the infant & sepsis . .

Group CGroup C::S.dysglactia → mastitis in cattleS.dysglactia → mastitis in cattle..

Group DGroup D::S.faecalis (E. Faecalis) → endocarditisS.faecalis (E. Faecalis) → endocarditis

Urinary tract infectionUrinary tract infection

Group G,N,K :Group G,N,K : → animal strain→ animal strain

Affect the animalAffect the animal + + S.lactis , S.salivaris→ in salivaS.lactis , S.salivaris→ in saliva . .

untypable groupuntypable group::

S.pneumonia → pneumonia in manS.pneumonia → pneumonia in man.. S.uberis → mastitis in cattleS.uberis → mastitis in cattle..

S.pyogensS.pyogensFrom group A&B haemolyticFrom group A&B haemolyticMorphology:Morphology: As general characte As general characteCulture characterCulture character : As general character + ß.hemolysis : As general character + ß.hemolysisBiochemical testBiochemical test : As general characte: As general characteAntibioticAntibiotic sensitivitysensitivity:Bactrian sensitive:Bactrian sensitiveSerological testSerological test::

* *C-reactive protein (CRP)C-reactive protein (CRP)::it is test used for diagnosis of post_streptococcal diseaseit is test used for diagnosis of post_streptococcal disease

* *Anti-streptolysin O (ASO)Anti-streptolysin O (ASO)::strept-pyogene → produce streptolysin Ostrept-pyogene → produce streptolysin O

streptolysin Sstreptolysin Sproduce skin rash→ Erythrogenic toxinproduce skin rash→ Erythrogenic toxin

streptokinase (Fibrinolysin)streptokinase (Fibrinolysin) streptolysin O → stimulated produce of specific antibody in the streptolysin O → stimulated produce of specific antibody in the

serum after 3-4 weeks from infiction, this test used to serum after 3-4 weeks from infiction, this test used to measure the ASO titremeasure the ASO titre. .

What is rheumatic feverWhat is rheumatic fever? ?

ItIt is autoimmune disease due tois autoimmune disease due to similaritybetween Ag on the heart similaritybetween Ag on the heart muscle and on strep. ,so the Ab-formed against strept. Will attact muscle and on strep. ,so the Ab-formed against strept. Will attact the heart → Carditisthe heart → Carditis..

S.agalactiaS.agalactiaThere are 2 important test to differentiale S.agalactia from other species

CAMP testS.agalactia produce CAMP factor which help hemolysis of S.aureus.

S.aureus also cause hemolysis, while at the function between staph. & strept. There is enhancement of haemolysis is occur by CAMP factor in the form of Triangular zone of haemolysis give the shape of arrow.

-Sodum hippurate test :because S.agalactia cause hydrolysis of sodum hippurate.

- Produce yellow pigment colonies(carotenoid pigment)

S.viridansS.viridansMorphology:

Gram +ve cocci, arrangement in short or long chain _ Gram +ve cocci, arrangement in short or long chain _ non motile , non sporulated –non capsulatednon motile , non sporulated –non capsulated. .

Normal flora: Upper Respiratory –throat –oral Upper Respiratory –throat –oral mouthmouth. .

Culture: Grow on sheep blood agarGrow on sheep blood agar

α haemolyticα haemolyticGreenish hemolyticGreenish hemolytic..

Temperature:Grow 10°C and not at 45°CGrow 10°C and not at 45°C

Biochemical test

S.viridansS.viridans S.pneumoniaS.pneumonia

Solubility in bileSolubility in bile --veve++veve

Fermentation of Fermentation of inulininulin

--veve++ve with acidve with acid

Sensitivity to Sensitivity to optochinoptochin

RR ss

Pathogenicity to Pathogenicity to micemice

veve++ ــــــــــــ

Quelling testQuelling test ــــــــــــ ++veve

Pathogenicity - -MildMild

- -ability to infection weak . but may play the role ability to infection weak . but may play the role opportunistic disease. Under certain condition & opportunistic disease. Under certain condition &

when the immunity lowwhen the immunity low↓ ↓

Disease11 - -Dental cariesDental caries

22 - -EndocarditisEndocarditis

33 - -AbcessesAbcesses

Mariam Mariam AbdelazizAbdelaziz