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Mid-latitude Climates. Marine West Coast Climate. UK Air Masses. Air mass types m = maritime, wet c = continental, dry P = polar, cold T = tropical, warm A mP cP mT cT. UK Weather. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Mid-latitude Climates
Marine West Coast Climate
UK Air Masses
Air mass typesm = maritime, wetc = continental, dryP = polar, coldT = tropical, warmAmPcPmTcT
UK WeatherWesterly Unsettled weather with variable wind directions as depressions cross the
country. Mild and stormy in winter, generally cool and cloudy in summer (mP, mPw, mT).
NW Cool, changeable conditions. Strong winds and showers affect windward coasts especially, but the southern part of Britain may have dry, bright weather (mP, mA).
Northerly Cold weather at all seasons, often associated with polar lows. Snow and sleet showers in winter, especially in the north and east (mA).
Easterly Cold in the winter half-year, sometimes very severe weather in the south and east with snow or sleet. Warm in summer with dry weather in the west.' Occasionally thundery (cA, cP).
SoutherlyWarm and thundery in summer. In winter it may be associated with a low in the Atlantic giving mild, damp weather especially in the south-west or with a high over central Europe, in which case it is cold and dry (mT or cT, summer; mT or cP, winter).
Cyclonic Rainy, unsettled conditions often accompanied by gales and thunderstorms. This type may refer either to the rapid passage of depressions across the country or to the persistence of a deep depres sion (mP, mPw, mT).
Anticyclonic Warm and dry in summer, occasional thunderstorms (mT, cT). Cold and frosty in winter with fog, especially in autumn (cP).
Effect of wind direction and topography on rainfall in England and Wales
Air masses in N. America
Westerlies bring damp air, uplift by Rockies.
Sub-tropical high, descending, dry air.Wind from east.
North American rainfallNorth American rainfall
Warm damp air from Atlantic. Hurricanes.
Mid-latitude Cyclones
Warm Front
precipitation
Cold Front
Cold air Warm air
Note difference in wind direction and how cold air advances under the warm sector
Polar front
Mid-latitude frontal zone
Cyclogenesiscold air
warm air
polar front
warm frontcold front
Dissolving stage
occluded front
Open stage Occluded stage
Early stage
Cyclogenesis – in cross-section
Conveyor belt model of cyclone
Mid-latitude Cyclones
Formation revisited
Polar front
Upper atmosphere pressure and winds
Mid-latitude Climates
Mediterranean Climate
Humid Subtropical
Humid Continental
High-latitude Climates
Sub-arctic Climate
Tundra Climate
Polar Climate