Midnight to millennium

9/6/2020 Midnight to millennium - The Hindu

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AUGUST 15, 2017 00:00 ISTUPDATED: AUGUST 15, 2017 14:56 IST

INDIA@70

Midnight to millennium

A quick rundown of the highs and lows, achievements and disappointments andchanges in leadership that shaped independent India’s collective consciencethrough 70 years. It’s not an exhaustive list, but a point by point potted history of ayoung nation.

15-08-1947 India gains Independence from British Rule.

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Jawaharlal Nehru, India’s �rst Prime Minister, at the Constituent Assembly debates in New Delhi. | Photo Credit: The Hindu Archives

28-10-1947 Kashmir accedes to Union of India

29-02-1948 Free India’s first full budget

27-11-1949 Constitution of India adopted

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Leaders sign as the Constituent Assembly adopts India's constitution. | Photo Credit: The Hindu Archives

15-03-1950 First Planning Commission reporting to the Prime Minister set up

18-01-1950 Birth of Indian Republic

26-01-1950 First President sworn in

28-01-1950 Proclamation of new Constitution

29-01-1950 Supreme Court inaugurated

10-07-1951 First Five Year Plan launched

18-08-1951 First Indian Institute of Technology inaugurated in Kharagpur

21-10-1951 The Telangana armed struggle led by the Communists ends formally




25-10-1951 First general elections

25-07-1952 India wins gold in hockey, Khashaba Jadhav wins bronze in wrestling inHelsinki Olympics

01-08-1953 Air India nationalised and becomes India’s national carrier

01-10-1953 Formation of Andhra State after popular agitations for separate State fromMadras Presidency

11-08-1954 Annexation of Dadra & Nagar Haveli from the Portuguese

01-07-1955 India’s largest bank Imperial Bank of India renamed as State Bank of India

01-11-1956 State Reorganisation Act reforms the boundaries of States in India on linguisticlines

06-12-1956 India wins a hockey gold by beating Pakistan 1-0. The only medal in thatOlympics

05-04-1957 First democratically elected Communist Party government outside Europe getsto power in Kerala with CPI leader EMS Namboodiripad as the Chief Minister

01-10-1958 The Standards of Weights and Measures Act takes effect

31-03-1959 The Dalai Lama flees Tibet and arrives in India

01-12-1959 Eighth Amendment to the Constitution extends period of reservations toSCs/STs by 10 years

01-05-1960 Gujarat and Maharashtra are formed from the State of Bombay

09-09-1960 India loses to Pakistan 1-0 and gets Silver - the only medal in that Olympics

13-11-1961 First Indian Institute of Management inaugurated in Calcutta

19-12-1961 Goa is officially ceded to India after 400 years of Portuguese rule

20-10-1962 Beginning of the Sino-Indian war with China launching attacks in Aksai Chinand Arunachal Pradesh

21-11-1962 China declares ceasefire and withdraws to MacMohan Line in Eastern sector toend war.

27-05-1964 Jawaharlal Nehru passes away

26-01-1965 Hindi becomes “official language”. Anti-Hindi agitations follow, which result init remaining as one of 23 “official languages of India”.



23-02-1965 English adopted as associate language between Central government and non-Hindi speaking States

06-09-1965 - 22-09-1965 India-Pakistan war ends after UN Security Council calls forceasefire on September 20.

01-12-1965 Border Security Force formed as a special body to guard the borders

10-01-1966 Tashkent Accord signed between Indian Prime Minister Lal Bahadur Shastriand Pakistan President Ayub Khan

11-01-1966 Lal Bahadur Shastri dies in Tashkent

27-05-1967 Peasant uprising in Naxalbari, West Bengal. Later, it spawns other movements



19-07-1969 14 leading banks nationalised through an ordinance

24-06-1970 Operation Flood - an initiative to create a nation-wide milk grid is launched

03-12-1971 - 17-12-1971 War with Pakistan for the liberation of Bangladesh ends afterGeneral Yahya Khan accepts India’s cease-fire proposal

The Dakota-3 aircraft used during the Bangladesh Liberation War. | Photo Credit: Special Arrangement

02-07-1972 Simla Agreement signed between India and Pakistan to resolve all disputespeacefully

18-05-1974 India explodes nuclear device underground in Pokhran as part of Project‘Smiling Buddha’

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19-04-1975 India enters space age with the launch of Aryabhatta, first Indian satellitedesigned and built at the Space Research Centre near Bangalore and launched near Moscow

16-05-1975 Sikkim annexed by India

26-06-1975 President proclaims National Emergency during Prime Minister IndiraGandhi’s tenure. 676 persons detained all over country

21-03-1977 Emergency ends

24-03-1977 The Janata Party’s chairman Morarji Desai becomes Prime Minister in India’sfirst non-Congress party led government after the Congress was defeated

18-10-1979 Mother Teresa awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace

25-06-1983 India wins the Prudential ODI cricket World Cup at Lords, London defeatingthe two-time champion West Indies

19-10-1983 Indian-American astrophysicist S Chandrasekhar wins the Nobel Prize forPhysics

03-04-1984 Rakesh Sharma becomes India’s first man in space after he was launchedaboard Soyuz T-11 spaceship



06-06-1984 Indian government launches Operation Blue Star to remove militants from theSri Harminder Sahib (Golden Temple) premises in Amritsar

31-10-1984 Indira Gandhi assassinated by her security guards.



In this photo Zail Singh (right), N. Sanjeeva Reddi, R. Venkataraman pay their last respects to Indira Gandhi. | Photo Credit: The HinduArchives

01-11-1984 - 03-11-1984 Anti-Sikh riots in Delhi kill and injure thousands

03-12-1984 Methyl Isocyanate leak from Union Carbide plant in Bhopal results in morethan 2,000 immediate deaths. More than 10,000 people were treated for inhaling thepoisonous gas

29-07-1987 India and Sri Lanka sign an accord to safeguard the interest of the Tamilminority in the island nation

24-03-1990 The last of the Indian Peace Keeping Force leave Sri Lanka, ending a 2 1/2 yearlong chapter in the relations between the two nations




25-07-1991 Government led by Prime Minister Narasimha Rao and Finance MinisterManmohan Singh embark upon economic liberalisation

The Hindu's cartoon on economic liberalisation.

30-03-1992 Satyajit Ray receives honorary Oscar from the Academy of Motion Picture Artsand Sciences

06-12-1992 Babri Masjid demolished by kar sevaks belonging to the Vishwa Hindu Parishadand other Sangh Parivar affiliates



12-03-1993 Series of bomb blasts in Mumbai claimed 250 lives, injured 1,000. First blastreported at Jeejeebhoy Towers

11-05-1998 — 13-05-1998 India conducts a series of nuclear tests in Pokhran, Rajasthan;also tests a thermonuclear device

14-10-1998 Amartya Sen wins Nobel Prize for Economics

20-02-1999 Prime Minister AB Vajpayee commences bus diplomacy to Lahore

May-July 1999 Kargil conflict between India and Pakistan after Pakistan soldiers andmilitants infiltrate across the LoC



25-12-1999 Hijacking of IA flight IC 814 results in release of three terrorists in Afghanistanas ransom for release of hostages

13-12-2001 Suicide squad of LeT and JeM terrorists attack Parliament complex. Threatneutralised

Feb-March 2002 Riots in Gujarat kill more than a thousand people after a train bogie isburnt in Godhra, killing 59 kar sevaks

02-03-2006 India and U.S. sign landmark nuclear deal pending approval by legislatures inboth countries

06-07-2006 Nathu La pass between India and Tibet Autonomous Region (TAR) of Chinareopened after 44 years



24-09-2007 India wins World Twenty20 Championship in cricket

30-09-2007 Vishwanathan Anand is undisputed world champion after defeating V Kramnik

11-08-2008 Abhinav Bindra wins India’s first individual Olympic gold in Shooting

21-08-2008 Sushil Kumar wins Bronze in Beijing

22-10-2008 India’s moon mission Chandrayaan-1 injected into its initial orbit

14-11-2008 Impact probe onboard Chandrayaan-1, successfully landed on the moon

26-11-2008 Lashkar-e-Taiba militants from Pakistan carried out coordinated attacks acrossMumbai, killing 164 people and wounding at least 308

Smoke billowing out of the ground and �rst �oor of the Taj Hotel in south Mumbai following the 26/11 terror attacks. File photo



23-02-2009 Music composer A R Rahman wins Oscars for best score and song for the filmSlumdog Millionaire

24-09-2009 Chandrayaan I finds traces of water on the moon

09-03-2010 Rajya Sabha votes for 33 per cent reservation for women in Parliament

02-04-2011 India wins the cricket ODI world Cup held in the subcontinent by beating SriLanka.

Indian team celebrates after winning the ICC World Cup.

20-04-2012 Agni V propels India into elite ICBM club

12-08-2012 Wrestler Sushil Kumar wins silver medal in London Olympics



09-09-2012 In ISRO’s 100th mission, PSLV puts two satellites into orbit

17-06-2013 More than 5700 die in massive Uttarakhand floods

10-08-2013 In a first for India, submarine INS Arihant’s nuclear reactor goes critical

05-11-2013 India starts historic mission, Mangalyaan or Mars Orbital Mission to Mars

16-11-2013 Bharat Ratna awarded to Sachin Tendulkar and scientist C.N.R. Rao

05-01-2014 India joins five other nations to have mastered cryogenic engine tech

26-05-2014 Narendra Modi sworn in as India’s 15th Prime Minister after taking BJP-ledalliance to a stunning victory

01-06-2014 Telangana, the 29th State of India, is born



24-09-2014 India puts Mars Orbiter Mission, Mangalyaan, in orbit around Mars in its firstattempt

01-01-2015 NITI Aayog is the new policy body replacing the Planning Commission

01-07-2015 India’s GDP crosses $2-trillion mark

10-08-2015 Chennai-born Sundar Pichai named chief executive officer of Google

17-08-2016 Wrestler Sakshi Malik wins the bronze medal in Rio Olympics

19-08-2016 Shuttler P.V. Sindhu wins the silver medal in Rio Olympics

01-02-2017 Budget presented with the merger of Railway Budget after 92 years of beingpresented separately



01-07-2017 Goods and Services Tax implemented nationwide

Compiled by The Hindu indexing team

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