Midterm+1+Review (1)

7/29/2019 Midterm+1+Review (1)

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1)


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Roughly how many stars are in the Milky Way Galaxy?A)


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1 billionB)


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100 billionC)


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10 billionD)


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100 millionE)


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100 trillion

2)


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If the Moon is setting at 6 A.M., the phase of the Moon must beA)


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first quarter.B)


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third quarter.C)


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full.D)


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new.E)


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waning crescent.

3)


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Suppos e you live on the Moon. How long is a day (i.e., from sunrise to sunrise)?A)


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23 hours 56 minutesB)


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24 hoursC)


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a lunar monthD)


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a yearE)


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about 18 years

4)


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Which of the following statements about scientific models is true?A)


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A model tries to represent all aspects of nature.B)


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A model tries to represent only one aspect of nature.C)


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A model can be used to explain and predict real phenomena.D)


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All models that explain nature well are correct.E)


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All current models are correct.

5)


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When we see Venus in its full phase, what phase would Earth be in as seen by a hypothetical Venetian?A)


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fullB)


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newC)


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first quarterD)


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third quarterE)


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waning crescent

6)


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FromKepler's

third law, an asteroid with an orbital period of 8 years lies at an average distance from the Sunequal to

A)


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2 astronomical units.B)


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4 astronomical units.C)


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8 astronomical units.D)


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16 astronomical units.E)


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It depends on the asteroid's mass.

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If your mass is 60 kg on Earth, what would your mass be on the Moon?A)


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10 lbB)


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10 kgC)


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50 kgD)


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60 kgE)


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60 lb

8)


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Whatwould

happen if the Space Shuttle were launched with a speed greater than Earth's escape velocity?

A)


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It would travel away from Earth into the solar system.B)


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It would travel in a higher orbit around Earth.C)


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It would take less time to reach its bound orbit.D)


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It would orbit Earth at a faster velocity.E)


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It would be in an unstable orbit.

9)


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What quantities does angular momentum depend upon?A)


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mass and velocityB)


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mass, velocity, and radiusC)


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force and radiusD)


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force, velocity, and radiusE)


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momentum and angular velocity

10)


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Theforce of

gravity is an inverse square law. This means that, if you double the distance between two largemasses, the gravitational force between them

A)


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also doubles.B)


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strengthens by a factor of 4.C)


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weakens by a factor of 4.D)


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weakens by a factor of 2.E)


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is unaffected.

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Fromlowest

energy to highest energy, which of the following correctly orders the different categories ofelectromagnetic radiation?

A)


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infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X rays, gamma rays, radioB)


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radio, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X rays, gamma raysC)


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visible light, infrared, X rays, ultraviolet, gamma rays, radioD)


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gamma rays, X rays, visible light, ultraviolet, infrared, radioE)


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radio, X rays, visible light, ultraviolet, infrared, gamma rays

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When an atom absorbs a photon containing energy, any of the following can happen exceptwhich?A)


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The atom becomes excited.B)


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The atom is ionized.C)


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An electron moves from an upper energy level to a lower one.D)


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An electron moves from a lower energy level to an upper one.

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When an electron in an atom goes from a higher energy state to a lower energy state, the atomA)


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emits a photon of a specific frequency.B)


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absorbs a photon of a specific frequency.C)


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absorbs several photons of a specific frequency.D)


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can emit a photon of any frequency.E)


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can absorb a photon of any frequency.

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Which of the following statements about thermal radiation is always true?A)


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A hot object emits more X rays than a cool object.B)


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A hot object emits more radio waves than a cool object.C)


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A hot object emits more total radiation than a cool object.D)


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A hot object emits more total radiation per unit surface area than a cool object.E)


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A hot object emits less total radiation than a cool object.

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Which of the following statements about thermal radiation is always true?A)


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A hot object emits photons with a longer wavelength than a cool object.B)


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A hot object emits photons with a higher average energy than a cool object.C)


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A hot object emits more radio waves than a cool object.D)


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A hot object emits more X rays than a cool object.

16)


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Fromlaboratory

measurements, we know that a particular spectral line formed by hydrogen appears at awavelength of 486.1 nanometers (nm). The spectrum of a particular star shows the samehydrogen line appearing at a wavelength of 485.9 nm. What can we conclude?

A)


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The star is moving toward us.B)


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The star is moving away from us.C)


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The star is getting hotter.D)


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The star is getting colder.E)


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The "star" actually is a planet.

17) Rank the five terrestrial worlds in order of size from smallest to largest:A)


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Mercury, Venus, Earth, Moon, Mars.B)


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Mercury, Moon, Venus, Earth, Mars.C)


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Moon, Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars.D)


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Moon, Mercury, Mars, Venus, Earth.E)


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Mercury, Moon, Mars, Earth, Venus.

Short Answer


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1)


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Brieflyexplain

what we mean by the statement "The farther away we look in distance, the further back we lookin time."


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2)


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What would you see if you were on the Moon during a lunar eclipse?

3)


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State

Kepler's three laws of planetary motion.

4)


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Brieflyexplain

why Earth feels a greater tidal force from the Moon than from the Sun, even though it feels agreater gravitational force from the Sun.


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5)Briefly

explain why spectral lines are useful in determining the chemical composition of their source.

Ans

we

age of universe

light (absorption, emission, transmission, reflection)

phases of the moon & timing

tides & timing

Keplers laws planetary formation orbits in same direction and

plane

light years

weight, Universal Law of Gravitation

seasons

eclipses

Newtons Laws & Laws of Conservation

light (wavelength, frequency, energy)

light spectra

solar system formation

linear and angular momentum

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Midterm+1+Review (1)