Midterms Review Midterms Review Pictorial ProjectPictorial Project

By Prem GaneshkumarBy Prem Ganeshkumar22ndnd Period Period

Johannes KeplerJohannes KeplerGerman astronomer and mathematician who tried to

mathematically prove Copernicus’s hypotheses about the Earth.

One of the earliest Enlightenment scientists.

Natural LawNatural LawA universal moral law that, like physical laws, could be

understood by applying reason. Political scientists such as Hobbes and Locke pondered this at length.

RestorationRestorationThe period in England in which the Merry Monarch, Charles II, of the House of Stuart was returned to the throne as a

constitutional monarch. Everybody was happy because he allowed a constitution to be written, limiting his powers.

Olive Branch PetitionOlive Branch PetitionA petition for peaceful compromise from the Continental

Congress to King George III, which was refused. This really kicked off the American Revolution.

RobespierreRobespierreOne of the leaders of the Jacobins (Radical Left Wing Liberals) in the French National Convention. He practically ruled France during the

“Reign of Terror”.

ElbaElbaAn island off the coast of Italy that Napoleon Bonaparte

was exiled to after being defeated. Napoleon came back and tried to take over again, but was defeated at Waterloo and put back in exile, this time farther away.

Collective BargainingCollective BargainingWhen union leaders meet with an employer to discuss problems and

reach an agreement. Both sides come to a compromise where everyone is happy.

Edward JennerEdward JennerEnglish surgeon, invented vaccination, discovered smallpox

vaccine. Louis Pasteur based his research on Jenner’s discovery.

RomanticismRomanticismAn artistic movement in which human emotions and

imagination were emphasized over reason. This started an artistic revolution where traditional forms of art were

neglected.

Robert OwenRobert OwenA wealthy Welsh manufacturer who attempted to

construct model industrial societies using socialism. His first experiment was a success, but his second

one wasn’t really successful.

Les Trois GlorieusesLes Trois GlorieusesRevolution in which Bourbon monarchy was overthrown

in France, and King Louis-Philippe (Citizen King) took the throne. However, he was later revolted against, and Louis-Napoleon took the office of President in the new

French Republic.

Charles XCharles XThe brother of Louis XVIII who tried to bring back

absolute monarchy by attempting to put ultraroyalists in power. He was overthrown in “Les Trois GlorieusesLes Trois Glorieuses”

Dr. Sun Yat-SenDr. Sun Yat-SenChinese doctor, who formed the revolutionary United

League against the Chinese empire, later became the first president of the new Chinese Republic. He brought China

forward enough to compete with other powers.

Culture SystemCulture SystemAn effective method of forced labor used by the

Dutch in the Dutch East Indies to gather raw materials. It caused the Dutch to be envied by other

empires.