Migration and Local Governments in Turkey

(25/01/2018 - Brussels)

Ayben OKKALIUnion of Municipalities of Turkey

Expert

Population of Turkey and Provinces

AdministrativeStructure

Number Population Percentage

Province 81 79.814.871 100%

Municipalities 1.398 74.911.343 94%

Village 18.286 4.903.528 6%

Union of Municipalities of Turkey

TBB(1398 Members)

Lobbying

Education

RepresentationLegal Support

Guidance

Number of the Syrian asylum seekers in Turkey

❖ There has been an intense refugee flow toTurkey since the year2011 that the crisis in Syria emerged.

❖ By the year 2019, thenumber of registeredrefugees has reachedover 3,6 million

0 14000225000

1500000

2500000

3500000

3600000

3700000

0

500000

1000000

1500000

2000000

2500000

3000000

3500000

4000000

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Number of Syrian Refugees in our Cities

MunicipalitiesLocal

InhabitantsSyrian Refugees Percentage

1-Kilis 142.541 114.788 80,53%

2-Hatay 1.609.856 447.884 27,82%

3-Şanlıurfa 2.035.809 452.534 22,23%

4-Gaziantep 2.028.563 426.383 21,02%

5-Mardin 829.195 89.806 11,83%

6-Mersin 1.814.468 206.241 11,37%

7-K. Maraş 1.114.851 88.602 7,74%

8-Adana 2.220.125 235.434 10.,60%

… … … …

Syrian Refugees

(3,6 millon)

In Cities

(%98)

Temporary Shelters

(%2)

558 437

235 434

167 615142 989

106 641 89 490 78 178

0

100 000

200 000

300 000

400 000

500 000

600 000

İstanbul Adana Bursa İzmir Konya Ankara Kayseri

Registration Procedures

❖ Document of «Registration» is given during the first entry.

❖ After necessary reviewsdocument of ‘’TemporaryProtection IdentificationDocument’’is given.

❖ Those who have the documentcan benefit from public services .

Education of Syrian Children (2017)

Educational Stage Numbers

Pre-school 488.382

Primary school 506.073

Middle school 390.976

High school and Other 59.804

Total 612.603

Health Services for Refugees (2017)

❖ Health screening is conducted during thefirst entry.

❖ The refugees with Temporary ProtectionIdentity Document can benefit fromhealth services for free.

❖ In the event of an emergency situation,aforementioned ID is not required.

❖ Medicines are given for free.

Health Services Number

Polyclinic 31.449.800

Patients referred to hospital 918.964

Patients in hospitals 1.326.849

Births 276.118

Surgeries 1.112.058

Employment of the Refugees

❖ To obtain work permit 6 months ofresidence is required.

❖ Work permitt is granted by the Ministryof Labour.

❖ The workers in agriculture are notsubject to permisson.

❖ The ones who want to start a businessare subject to same procedures as Turkishcitizens after obtaining work permit.

❖ The number of foreign employees in aworkplace can not exceed %10 of thenumber of the Turkish employees in thatworkplace.

Type of Education

Number

VocationalEducation

87.168

OtherEducation

21.66032.199 Syrian got working

permission in Turkey

Municipal Services for Refugees

Municipalities

Health

Housing

Education

Traffic andTransportation

Garbagecollecting

Drinking Waterand

Purification

Social Services

Educational Support of Municipalities toRefugees

Kindergarden Promoting Education Language courses

Vocational Courses Hobby Courses Youth Activities

Social Aid and Services provided byMunicipalities for Refugees

Food aid Toys Books

Soup Kitchen Clothing Stores Stationery Support

Cultural and Sports services provided byMunicipalities for Refugees

Film Festivals Kermesses

Cultural and Art Activities Sports Activities

Social Support Services by Municipalities toRefugees

❖ Family and social support centers.

❖ Information and advisory services on sivil rights in Turkish legal system.

❖ Psychological support to refugeeswho are affected by the war.

❖ Vocational education and guidanceservices on employment.

❖ Information and guidance services on Turkish education system.

❖ Guidance for public institutions andorganizations on the needs of refugees.

UMT’s Support to Municipalities with RefugeeLoad

Vehicle Support by Years

Year Number

2014 33

2015 263

2016 307

2017 343

Toplam 946

The Additional cost of Refugees to theMunicipalities

62%38%

Allocation of General Budget Sharein Municipalities

❖ According to population, surface area and developmentindex municipalities areallocated shares from general budget.

❖ Refuges benefit frommunicipal services as otherresidents.

❖ The refugees bring additionalcosts to municipal services.

❖ However in budget shareallocation the refugeepopulation is not considered.Population Criteria Other Criteria

Additional Cost of Refugees toMunicipalities

Housing Waste and Purification

Traffic Parks

THANK YOU