Miguel de UnamunoMiguel de Unamuno

New Currents of ThoughtNew Currents of Thought

Psychoanalysis (Freud)Psychoanalysis (Freud)

Marxism, gains importanceMarxism, gains importance

Existentialism (man is born in order to die)Existentialism (man is born in order to die)

Soren Kierkegaard “leap of faith”Soren Kierkegaard “leap of faith”

18981898

Explosion of the Maine in Explosion of the Maine in Santiago de CubaSantiago de Cuba

War with the United War with the United States: begins April 23 States: begins April 23

Destruction of the Destruction of the Spanish Fleet in the Spanish Fleet in the Pacific and the CaribeeanPacific and the Caribeean

Treaty of Paris: Treaty of Paris: December 10December 10

EffectsEffects

Spain loses its last colonies:Spain loses its last colonies:– Independent: Cuba and the Phillipines Independent: Cuba and the Phillipines – Protectorates of the U.S.: Puerto Rico y GuamProtectorates of the U.S.: Puerto Rico y Guam

Crisis in Spain: end of empireCrisis in Spain: end of empire

Spanish intellectuals try to understand the Spanish intellectuals try to understand the essence of Spain. essence of Spain.

Miguel de Miguel de UnamunoUnamuno 1864-19361864-1936

Intellectual

Essayist

Novelist

Dramatist

Poet

ChronologyChronology1864 Born in Bilbao. 1864 Born in Bilbao. 1873 Siege and bombardment of 1873 Siege and bombardment of

Bilbao by the Carlists. Interrupts Bilbao by the Carlists. Interrupts Unamuno’s education.Unamuno’s education.

1880 Attends U of Madrid1880 Attends U of Madrid1883-84 Receives doctorate 1883-84 Receives doctorate 1891 Marries Concepción 1891 Marries Concepción

Lizarraga. In June passes tests Lizarraga. In June passes tests to become Professor of Greek to become Professor of Greek at the U of Salamanca.at the U of Salamanca.

Spends his life in Salamanca, Spends his life in Salamanca, except for periods of exile and except for periods of exile and deportation due to his political deportation due to his political views.views.

1896-1897 he experiences a 1896-1897 he experiences a personal religious crisis that personal religious crisis that causes a distrust of progress causes a distrust of progress and science.and science.

ChronologyChronology 1914 Becomes rector of the University, a post he loses because of criticism of Alfonso XIII.

1924 Deported to Fuerteventura (Canarias) for his opposition to the dictatorship of Primo de Rivera, Is exiled in Paris and then in Hendaya, until 1930. Loses his professorship.

1930 Returns to Spain, given the professorship of History of the Spanish Language.

1931 Named rector of the University but is fired due to his sympathy for the rebellion of General Francisco Franco.

1936 Reinstated as rector but loses the post due to his disapproval of the nationalists. Dies in Salamanca, 31st of December under house arrest.

Sample of WorksSample of WorksEssays

Vida de Don Quijote y Sancho (1905) suggests that Cervantes' hero represents the spirituality of the Spanish people.

Del sentimiento trágico de la vida en los hombres y en los pueblos (1913).Novels:

Paz en la guerra (1897) explores the relationship of self and world through the familiarity with death. It is based on his experiences as a child during the Carlist siege of Bilbao.

Niebla (1914) called this work a “nivola” to dintiguish it from the novel

Abel Sánchez (1917) uses Cain and Abel story

San Manuel Bueno, Mártir (1933)Poems: “El Cristo de Velázquez” (1920)

Cristo de Velazquez