--MiLW086HA24 JULY 18S7

SUFE=JEDINGMI&W-OUl(Aer)6 JIINE 19s3

MILITARY

.

SPECIFICATION

WELDING,METAL ARC AND GA& STEELS, AND

CORROSION AND HEAT RESISTANT ALLOYS;

1. SOOPE

1.1 Scape. ‘R&I specification eowem the mquirement8 for the manual or machine waid-ing of steels and comeion and heat-resistant8MOYSfor akmft me.

1.2 (’k9aifkatkq. ‘X’MIJqlecikatioa ~the following types of prmesna:

oxv-acetylen~

my-hydrogen

atomic hydrogen

electric am, covered ekctfode

mbmemul arc

electric am inert m shiekkd, con8um-abk or nonux&xnabk electrode

2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS

The following specitkatkma, atandmkdrawinua, and publications of the &sue in ●f-

fect on date of invitation for bids forma partof this Speciik’atilirl :

SPECIFICATIONS

MILWARY

M2LT-!’iOZl — 7’ests; Aircraft WeldingOprators’ Ckrtifm-tbll

MILR4X11 — Rodn: Wddinfc, (kro-don and Heat Resisl -ing Alloys

MUAL56%2— Rods: Steel, Welding(for Aircmft Appli-cation)

MH.E=4M4!l -Electrodes: W e 1 d -ing, Mild and AibySteel (for AircraftApplidioau)

MIKA&6S44-ElactrodeB: Weld-ing, (lmooionsndHest-lleaistant A)hrys

●✎

MIbW’-$6llA

?fIL-14wi — inspection; Radio-graphic

MIL14366 — Inspection; Penetrnnt,Method of

MIL-I-6B& — lnapection Process,Magnetic Partick

MIlzl-6%’tO —lnsptction Require-ments, Non-Jkstruc-tive; for Aircraft Ma-terials and Parts

Ml Lt14?75 — H e a t Treatment of

M! I~k’-751(i

M1LA?AY)7

STANDARDS

FEOmAL

Test MethodMetals: Test

PUBLICATIONS

Steels (Aircraft) :Process for

- Flux, Welding, Corr&sion and Heat Resist-ing Alloys

-- Electrodes, W e 1 d -i n g, Ferrous, Cov-ered, Heat ‘IYeatable

Std. 151Method

A?4G!5 Strength of Metal Aircraft Ekments

(CopiesO!spteifkmtions, standsrds, snd drswin~quid by contmctom in cenntction with specifl,pracumunt functionr should be obtained from tlwprocuring scttntv nr u dtwetxl by thr contrmtin~Omcer).

3. RWUIREMENTS

3.1 Welder or Welding opemtor. We)dingshall be performed only by welder or weldingoperators who have met the requirements ofSpecification MTLT-5021 for the particularnoup of materials and types of welding in-volved .

X2 Equipment.

1~1 (%nrd. Welding equipment, such as

-

welding machines, torches, regulators, andfiller metal feed mechanisms shall be capable (of making satisfactory welds, when operatedby a certified @der or weiding operatorusing satisfactory filler rod or electrodewhere applicable.

3.21.1 If the Covemmeti representitivthas reason to doubt the capability of anywelding apparatus to function satisfactorilyhe shalI require welder’s eertifkation tests asdeacribsd in Specifiution MILT-5021 ap-plicable to the type of work for which thequipment is intended. The tests are to bemade by a welder certified for the materinland type of welding, ●nd aakcted by the au- .thorised Government representative. Mttlti-ple operator sets shall tM tested while themaximum number of operators am welding.If under these conditions the applicable re- 1

Quirementi cannot be met, the equipmentshall not be used until the necessary repairs,adjustments, or replacements have beenmade.

3Z2 Heating apptirmees. Furnaors used4

for preheating parts prior to welding or for {postheathtg parb after welding shall havesuitable pyrometric controls such ‘fiatthetemperature varies not more thnn = 25°F.Torches or induction heating coils may beused for preheating provided the specifiedtemperature range is maintained by usimc nsuitable contact pyrometer. acceptable tem-peratum-indicating sticks, or mceptib}e twn-ptrstu-indicating liquids.

3.3 Materiah

xl. 1 hre MetCd. stAs with a Cat+oll

equivalent greater than 0.44 % and harden-ability gveater than that of MILS-501Mshall not be welded without approval of theprocuring agency. For such approval theproposed welding procedure details and testreaulta of repreaentativt specimens, exam-ined in ●zordanee with methods specified in=]on 4, shall be submitted. Carbon Equiv-aknts may be determined by using the fol-lowing fonrmls:

2

.

MUPW+611.4

C.E. = C+ Mn+Mo+Cr+Ni+Cui I’T Tr 1s 5

:L3.L2 Corrosion and heat-resistant stickel-chromium steels shall not be welded unlessthey are of ● composition which is stabilisedagainst sensitization to intergranular oorrtPsion, tubs * maximum Urbon content is0.03% or * or unless they an mh-t-lrded in acwrdance with Military Specifi-catioi~ MIL-1 1-6, Table L

3&2 Fifkr Jfettd. Welding rods, we!dinsrwire, and ekctrodea used in the welding ofsteels and corrosion and heahesistant alloysshall be capable of producing satisfactorywelds when used by a certified welding oper-ator with satisfactory welding ●pparatus,and shall have a compositionsuitable for pmducing welds conforming to the swquire-ments specified herein. Coated ekdrodesused for welding mild and low alloy steelshall confom~ to Military Spedkation bflL-E-6843 or MIL-E-S697 as applicabk Coat-ed electrodes used for welding corrosion orheat-resistant alloys shall conform to bfili-+-tary Specifkntion MIM34844. R&is usedfor the weiding of mild and alloy steel shallconform to Military S~fication MILR-5632. Rods used for welding corrosion orheat-wsistant alloys ahaIl conform to Mili-tary SEificntion MILJU031. The fillermet mI med ill the weiding of dissimilarmc(.ak shall etmfovrn to the requirements ofthe prncuring agency. The class of fillermetil emplm-ed shrdl be comwtible with theIume metal in maintaining the mechaniadproperties nnd corrosion-resiatttnce of tttc&se metal.

3.3.3 FIMx. Flux for gas welding of corr~sion or heat-resistant alloys shall conform tothe requirements of Military SpecificationMII=F-7516. Fluxes shall not increase thecnrbon content of the weld metal ttignifi-cnntiy.

3.3.4 Guses. Gases shall be of a grade des-ignated for weiding.

34.1 Geaerd. Welds of material .4)83 itwhthkk or ksa may be of the flange, but~ lap,or tMet joinu aa ●pplicabk Welds of mate-rial thicker lhan .083 inch shall be of thebutt or fillet type 8s ●pplwabk Lap jointsmay be d in material thicker than tLINt:inch aubjed to the approvtd of the inspectwOr, in the sase of rriti8td jointa. to the albproval of the procuring sgency.

3.4.2 Joird lkuipt~. Joint design alwuid, mgenerai, be in accordance with 1he latestprndices recommended by lhc AmwieallWelding Society.

MS Acces@i/ity. Aii purtious d a weld .Shanbe ~ble to proper removal of fluxresidm

35.1 Procedure Certijkuhon. Prior to M.tm8ixM!in prdutiim welding, the contractorshall demonstrate to the authorised govern-ment inspector the satisfactory quaiity ofrep~tive welds by means of tile -L<8PWifkd in Section 4. Procedure Cerlificatiwis intended to cover a technique of o~r*-tiorta rather than a specific application nmlaccordingly shall not im repeated for differ-ent weld aasernbiies, uniess recertifkalioll is

warranted by a break in the continuity {Ifproduction, by a sttbsbmtial increase in Lhrcomplexity of the work being perffwrrwfl,or by substantial changes in prordu re. it)case of rifJuiL the l]*eSSlty fw I“ccerliflca -tion shall be cleterminwl hy t iw aut hnrlmrlgovernment inspector.

35-2 Preparation 0/ Swrjucts. Surfaces 10

be welded shall be free from grease or othwforeign matter ●nd shail be as free as pcNs-sible from rust and protective coatings.Cleaning with a wile brush orabrasive papermay be used for rernotiing’ rust and protec-tive coatings. Where a wire brush is used itis recommended that its composition, insofaras practicabk, be similar to the compositionof the materiai being welded.

3.4 Weld Design.

L-

3&3 Srrtoothneuu md wdd coni our. Where

3

DiLw-smA

practicable, all weld joiota shall fair inta theadjncent - in gradual, aoooth ~.Beads ahdlbesruooth andahdlbc free of*, excessive’ underc@ or txceaaive s@-Ier. Sut%cicnt metsl shall be added to providea muitibk fillet or minforcemcn t ankmaother-wbe x*IH. Welds ehall be aeakd to pm-wit the entrance of nir or Inoiatum -*Ihid the authorisd xovemment inspectormay wa ivc this requ irwnent for non-criticalalwas manufactured of corroaiom-~iatantmaterial or not subject to fiux maidrn.

%5.4 Burning w tntrn-thrmbgk. Fusionthrough the full thicknese of the ~ zna&rid, m areae other than those where 100%Iwnetration is * requiwment of joint tiign,shall not be acceptable when welding ma@vials nbovw U50 inch in thickneaa or inslructmml or in critiul areas, In no caseslm!l the weld snet81 he @rnt (*M) orrontuin hob or pores through the material.

3.S.6 Merking. Each welded aaeembly shallk mnrked by the eoutractor ao as to pi-tively i&ntify it with the welding ~torwho made the welds. using a methd of iden-tification approved by the (kwemmea t repreaentative.ldenliiication shall mnain onlhe pnti at kaat until final inspection and●cceptnnct of welds. Pmnanent marking,surh aa imp’%eion dampiug, shall ti &8pp1ied to Critically W- a- bwt per-manent marking shall he nd when not in-jurious to the servirw+hility of the parL

3.6.1 Plain earbun and iow alby ataels:Welded aaeembhee in ptitn carbon ad lowalloy ataeb shall be claeeifkd ae {a) ~-Mee for whkh a quench and temper type

heat trestment after welding ie specified athe applicable drawing (b) ~blia forwhich a normalizing or annealing heat treat-ment ●fterwelding ic specified on the 8Ppl”~bk drawinx, ●nd (c) tkher aaeembliea.

Type (a) aaeembih sampled as ~bedin WWMph 42.1, shall cOnfOrmb t)w pm

scribed mechanical strength level and to the -

Inmd tmt requirements of M11A+6W forthatatmngth ievel. (

Type (b) aeaesnbliw aampkd ae describedin ~mgraph 4+, shall meet the minimumatreulgthM.hM8 in ANG5,

Type (C) ~ aasopkd 88 Htmdin paragraph 4.2.1, ehall meet the minimum~ml=inANC%aMlh@akd-neaainthe beatattected weldzonee &tgreater than RockweU GS5 and shall with-stand COMbending without crackkg _anangke ofltlt) onamihieequal @twicethelnaterial tWcUee&

~ and ‘duotility mqmmnenbluay .be waived by the prtxunng agency upom aubmiaah)n of ‘~V * dessmattiingthat Weld~a& cosLfosmingthemko willbe”aabktmy for tke ishmckd application.

3.7 Gememl

Ttse~in gmiB8ize ofwekl-afktdsonacmer thatofthe&aemetd abllaotbe equivalent to snore than three nurnbm inthe AS’llfade andinnoeaae ahall the~inaise becouaerthan ASTX NC3as 1

}iated in Fedeml S&L 151.

In @ cesnpment ~ enteringintoweld aawsnblia should be norndised or an-Mnk4 in order to -t themquimmenta forgrain ●k, benk and freedom frun cracking

3.7.1 comoEion end hed-resisti ateeb,see par8gmph 8.s.12. T%e Co?70eion rdat-ance of the material shall be aa littk a.ffededIN weldi~ u ia rommtihk with the &atwelding practice.

4. QuALITY ASSU8ANCE mtovlSIoNs

4J~Allparte weMedhl UYmdaxnwith We spdbtkm shall be eubject to imm b -titi gwmunent *aentahwho ahallbegivenall ~facilities to det.4mnise cxmfonsmace With tim~u irwoeok of this Spdkath

42 P,’adare eertitmtiew

4

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43.1 ti~g Im Potire ~tiX*For consideration of procedure approval, thecontmctor shall aekt 6umdent aampka ofwekkd assemblies, prepared under produc-tion condition& to establish the quality ofwekling. Insofsraaitispradieabk, he shallaslect sampks made by different welding opermtma. The method of aekcthg samples andnumber of aamPk s~~l be ~tisfactom ~the government mp~tative.

423 Froce&re do.fa. The following infor-mation, as applicable, shal) be furnished thegovernment representative with all wekkdspecimens, submitted for consideration ofaPPrOVaIof procedure (-b mnducti ~ddata subrnitti for the certiti=tion of weld-ing. operators under Specification MIL-T-5021 may also be used for procedure certifi-cation) :

(a)

(b)

(e)

(d)

(e)

(f)

(K)

(h)

(i)

Manufacturer, type, and aerial num-ber of welding machine.

Brand of ekctrode or rod.

Nominal chemical analysis of ●kc-trode or rod.

Type ●nd purity of gases used, rnteof !knv, and flame chxracUwistics.

Nominal compmition or type of flux.

%- and poet-heat treatment, if ●ny.

Welding operator’s name xnd identi-tlcation symbol .

Drnwings of th? application.

Date welded.

LZ.3 Trdu /or procedure crrtipution. Thefollowinu tests. in sufficient number to esta~Iish the quality of welding, shall be ●mployedfor eertitkat ion of contractor’s procedure:

Visual inspection (paragraph 4.3.2)

Mametic particle inspection (paragraph4.3.2)

Penetrant inspection of non-magnetic ma-teriak (paragraph 432)

Radiography (pamgmph 4.3.21)L

kmF~’=A]~

Tensile and bed (MILT<”? I w MILE-8697, as 8pplicab!e)

u Qaality Co9trul of pmdmetiou

431 ~~v for inspecbn. Not k:

than 5 per At of the re~ntative aca-eritical mllhmults fmn eachweldingop?Y-ator’s production shall be aekcted for inspec-tion AN critical Weldments Shall be eekrteflfor inspection. Critid wekhnerds shall bedefined as one. the single failure of whichduring any opemting condition would museIosaofthe aircraft oroneofib-jor com-ponenk loss.of contro~ unintentional releaseof, or inability to rdease any ●rmamentstme, failure of gun tilation eomponen~,or which may cause aignifirmt injury tooccupanta of the aim’aft. The method ofselecting samples shall be acceptdde to thegovernment repreadative.

4.3.2 kpsctitm forproduction. Subsequentto heat treatment the weids and their adja-eat am of all aampks sekctad as m para-graph 4.3.1 shall be subjected to detailedvisual ina~on and to magnetic partickor penetrant inspection. Where ~ry.this examination shall be suppkmenti bymacroscopic and Inicroacopic inspection ofmpreaentative pmta for the following items:

(s) Fuaioz including root ●nd joint pene-tration.

(b) Convexity, conedvity~nd size ofheads.

(r) Ilndercutting and overlapping.

(d) Cracks.

I e) Pm-osit y and inclusions.

(f) Other metdiic discontinuities.

4S.21 In addition, at least1 per cent ofthe representi~ive critical weldments from●ach welding operator’s production shatl &spot checked by ndiogmphy for items 43.2(a). (d), (e), and (f) above. Radiographymay be waived by the government repre3en-trtive in applications when the geometry

5

MLW4611A

of the joint or other considemtionsradiograph y incapabk of adding to

renderthe in-

formation obtained under paragraph 4.3.2.

4.4 Quality control of repair W*

4.4.1 %nplinfl vepair suaIds.

AII repairs in critidly stressedassemblieswelded from wrought material, or in cast-

ings ctasaified as claaa i under Military S~-cification MI L-G6021, where such repairsat-c permitted shall be subject to inspection,Not less than ten (10) per cent of repairsi~i non<ritiadly stressed assemblies weldedfrom wrought material, or in class 11 cast-ings shall be sekcted for inspection. Themethod of sekcting aampks shall be accept-ahlc to the govmwnent representative.

4.4,2 fnsprction of repair welds. All aam-pics sekcted as in pnragraph 4.4.1 shall besubject to the requirements of paragraph4.!L2.

4.4.2.1 A!wdioflrrzphic inspection. One huN-drd (100) per cent of the repairs in ctass 1cnslings or criticxdly stressed assemblieswelded from wrought material, and three(::) per cent of the repairs in ck.as 11 cast-in~ or nmwriticnlly stressed assemblieswcIfid fronl wronght material shall krhccked by radio~raphy for items 4.3.2 (a),(I-I). (c). awl (f) ahovc.

t.4.2.2 Where examination of a welder’s oruekiinc operntor’s production reveals unsat-lsfactcwy welding quality, additional uW-nwnts by that operator may be taken asdeemed necessary bv the 1nspector for ex-ami nation by any means to insure astisfac-iory weld qua)ity.

4.5 Teat methods,

4.s.l Magnetic particle inspection shall beperformed in accordance with the ~uin+ments of Military Specification M1H4868.

4.5.2 Penetmnt inspection shall be pwform-

6

-ed in ●ccordance with the requirements ofMilitary Specification MILL-6866. (

4.%3 Radiographic inspection shatl be per-formed in accordance with Military Speci6ca-tion ~14866.

44.4 l’%e preparation of microscopic andmacroswpic specimens shall be in accdancewith standard metallograph ic practice.Mac-

roscopic inspection for defects should be con-ducted ●t magnifications below 40 diameters.Microscopic examination for grain sise, melt-ing, eh, shall be conducted at 100 diametersmagnitition or higher.

4.55 liminess and tensile testing shall be ‘in accordance with Federal Test MethodSktdard 1s1.

5. PREPARATION FOR DELIVERY.Not.sspplicabk.

NOTES

6.1 General. The. ptwvisions of this section --represent recommended practice nnd are notmandatory.

6.2 Preheating of weldments mny be ●m-ployed for the following purpose%:

To reduce distortion during wefdirw

To lmwent cracking during or immediatelynfter welding.

To prepare the weldment for posthe~tirw.

6.2.1 Preheating requirements will varyconsiderably with the base metal compositionand the filler me@l characteristics. In gen-eral, the preheating pro@ures n=es~ry toprevent cracking will be furnished by thevendor of the filler metal,

6.3 Post brat treatments of weldmentsmay be classified as follows:

QuenA and temper heat treatments formaximum strength.

●

✎ ✎

L

‘L

Normalizing to refine gra~ krtaae duc-tility, and improve machinability.

Stress relieving to reduce distortion duringsubsequent machining.

(Mtrokd cooling (austempering) to pmvent cracking.

Carbide aohstion treatment of cmroaion-resistant steels to minimise sensitivity40 intergmmular corrosion,

Stress relieving to reduce residual stresses.

6.%1 Recommended quench and temperheat treatments are listed in MIIAZ4697.

6.3.2 Normalizing should be performed inaccordance with the requirements of MILU-6875 after final welding of the parts.

6.3.3 Stress relieving may be accomplishedas follows :

(1) The areas to be welded should be pm-heated to the temperature noted in Table Iimmediately before welding.

TABLS I

PREHEATING

0.16 0? k$s

0.16 through 026

0.16 throurh 0.33

o.M through 0.43

0.44 snd higher

None rcqsaimd

Plain carbon steels

SAE 4130 and NE 8630s@els or alloy of equalor lower harwmbil ity

SteelI -h hmtlestdsilityhigher thsn ●bove

(*)

200

400

4767s0

(o)

t“) atmlo in thh rwbn mnm -Id ad b -W “blb -+h.m n~om h moclfiall, .~ ~ ~ ~Ac

-CJ Isa mrurulh l.a.1)

(2) After the heat-affected weld zoneshave cooled to room temperature, the weldand heat-afiected areas should be tempered(stress-relieved) by f umace heating or bytorch heating hxxdly using a “’soft*’gas flame

MILW’-W 1A

or by induction heating, in a ttqnp+ratur~

~ of 1000 — 1200’F.

(9) For M* specific joint involving si~]l Ificawtly different gauges of material, mclsor joint deaim the minimum time necea~a~.jwithin the above temperature range to iasu rticompliance w“th the rmuirwnents hereinshould be determhwd and incorporated in !he

-u=

6.3.4 The controlled cooling (mnrtemper-ing) of heat-affected zones may be performedns follows:

(I) Prior. to welding, the rnatcrial shouldbe pre-heated locally or in a furnace to a “temperature above the MS point of the basemetal.

(2) Immediately ●ftm welding, the hent-affected zones should be held within theabove temperature range for a minimum pe-riod of 10 minutes.

6.3.5 Preheating should be accomplished byone of the following methods:

(a) In a furnace.

(b) By one or more torches so arrangedas to pmcluce and to maintain a uniformtemperature. The wuird temperature rangeshould be maintained by using a suitable con-tact pyrometer or other acceptah;e tmnpera-ture measuring methods.

(c) Any other method provi?ling an equiv-alent degree of contm!.

During welding the preheated part shouldhe m~intained at the preheat temperature b}’satisfactory methods, such as an arrange-ment of torches and by use of satisfactoryinsulating materials or an induction coil toprevent the rapid dissipation of heat.

6.4 “Vmtibt* Suitable biowers, exhaust.em, or uther approved safety devices shall beprovided where &ed to protect personnelagainst fumes resulting from flux, filler rods,etc.

7

MILW4J611A

?Miee:Wbem Govemmmt 4r8wi9g&Bpoi61atioMorother d8ba.m888d Zor8ay~0the?ti ioeoanoction with ● deholtdy ~tmf ~t p-eummat ovcratiom the Uaitd St4- G4wtrnmrnttbemby incurs DO rczpoasibility wr w obliitienw&taWVer; aadtbef&?ttk8ttk @Wr8meatmS7h-e fol=lliatattforrlhbed,m’ ~ -7 m mpetJu8akldnw 8puisatkm% @rouur Aat8irMtto be~rddb yilnplicatbloorotkuuire.Uhlsnymsnner lkeasiagt beboider-~ Otk?pcmonor corporation, or conveying any* or ptXMdonM msndach, use or 8eU ●ny #a9td inwention*t wuy in ●ny w8y be &ted tkcto.

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.

L

FOLD

OFFICIAL BUSINESS● ENALTY FOR ● nlvATs. Ust Saoo

Comuncler,Naval &r Systems CosuMndEngineeringDivisionStandardization Section, Code: AIR-52021Xlepartsoent of the NavyUashlssgton,DC 20361

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STANDAROIZATtON OIXUMENT IMPROVEMENT PROf’O$A~ I . .WOB2Y’G%

INSTRUCTIONS The puqt-e of tbIB fern is tO SOliCit bvnekssl ~ts wbxb will beip -owe P’OCWO—men! 0[ suhble $sR@UCIS S1 nB=Ob]C C08t Otbd ~ delay. or dil otbswwoe @sibAnce ttoe of tbe doa=oot

DoD coaWOCtO=, @WO~l OCtiVlti-. W --=+=--l V—dO— wbo m pmmpoctive Ouppltofo of * pflD&ml

●e iftvnd to rob-it ~ts to tbe govosoomu. Fold 00 Liooo- SOVO—OOAde.Ot@e b ~, *oodsopmpOnltg●ctivity. comments8*ltt0d - ** km doDotCooOtisuw0?41y atbonoMAos to *W my~nion of tbe refemaood ~t(s) Or to ~d -~d ~ts. AttorA ow p0@ho8t doto *L4Aow be d 09@ in iM$ttOV~ tbh do~ t. u---tid~,s~ tokmd Ptooebotbb -Owolope Dddre-ed to propmfiag ●ctivkY.

*CUMEMT IDSWTIFIER AND TITLE

IAME OF OnGAMIZAtlOMAUD AOOmC= CONTRACT auMBS!*

UATEYtIAL PROCURED UNOER A

o D8acCT ● 0VC~NblCNTCONT*ACT o WOCOWTR*C’

MAS AMY PART OF THE 00 CuwfWT CREATED ● R08LEMS OR REWIRED lUTta@RUAtlOM w •~uRmcuTUSETA. GIVE P&WA6n6*H WUMOC* AND uDRDIMC.

COMMENTS ON ~N~ oocuu~NT RcQutn~w~MT coNs~~EnEo T* RIGIO

IS THE DOCUMENT ftESTRICTIVE*

~ “Es Q No f’tl”” Y.a”. h! *U W7?)

REMARKS

DDH,,1426

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