Millennium Development Goals

and Sustainable Energy

Ms. Sezin Sinanoglu Resident Representative

Power conference15 May 2012Ulaanbaatar

Mongolia

Outline• Linkages between human development and

energy access• UN Initiative – Sustainable energy for all• Key elements of sustainable energy

development • Mongolia – MDG progresses and challenges• Relevant UNDP Support• Further energy sector cooperation potentials• Conclusions

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Human development and energy access

• Close link between energy poverty & income poverty• Energy is expensive & resources are exhaustible• For advancement of HD investment in sustainable energy is

essential:– Globally, 1.3 Billion people lack modern energy service

• Provision with <1% increase of global carbon emissions possible

• Investment of $48 billion per year needed– Great advancement in energy efficiency under green

economy:• ~40% decrease in global energy demand by 2050

• Significant increase in clean energy investments underway– US $162 billion in 2009– US$180-200 billion in 2010

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MDG - sustainable energy linkages

Access to clean energy reduces the fuel import bills Lightning in schools and at home help children do more homework Modern energy services saves time for survival activities (cooking inefficiently, manual farm work) Globally indoor air pollution contributes to respiratory infections that account for up to 20% of child mortality Energy services are needed to provide access to better medical facilities for maternal careElectricity in health centers enables night activities, and allows full use of equipmentsCleaner and efficient fuels reduce GHG emissions

• The Secretary-General’s Initiative – a comprehensive approach with 3 goals.

• Make use of collective UN strengths to: • Make Sustainable

Energy for All agenda international priority

• Achieve Rio+20 commitments for three global goals and implementation mechanisms.

2012 – Year for Sustainable energy for all

Key elements of sustainable energy development The Institutional Framework

• Governments: provide enabling environment and regulatory framework

• Private sector to manufacture, sell and service energy products

• NGOs/CBOs: community mobilization, consumer awareness, information dissemination

• Financial institutions: loans and micro-financing • mix of financing options, e.g. subsidy, user

contribution and loan• building capacities of MFIs and suppliers

The right technology - a robust modern technology • Suitable to the local lifestyle• Possible to expand and create employment

Mongolia – MDG progresses Indicator

Baseline

19902000 2005 2010

Target

2015Human Development Index

0.745

0.750

0.763

0.8

Poverty headcount ratio (%)

36.3 35.6 32.2 39.2 18.0

Labour force participation rate (%)

62.9 64.4 61.6 70.0

Average daily concentration of NO2 in the atmosphere in Ulaanbaatar (mkg/m3)

30.5 32.0 33.0 52.0 30.0

Average concentration of SO2 in the atmosphere in Ulaanbaatar (mkg/m3)

9.8 16.0 22.0 63.0 20.0

Mongolia - challenges • Trade-off between economic growth & ecosystem

balance• Inefficiency in energy and material use (often

poverty driven): • High intensity of energy in production

• Lack of technology transition and know-how• MDG Targets – more than a half are off-track• High economic growth vs. persistent poverty rate

• Inequity - adjusted HDI - 14% low (2011): • Within the countries with same range of HDI

• Urban air pollution – 6th in the world• Per capita GHG emission - 3x higher • Per capita ecological footprints - 2x higher

Relevant UNDP support• Acceleration Framework for MDGs lagging behind • Analyzing bottlenecks, determining priorities and

supporting implementation of selected interventions

• Building energy efficiency – climate change mitigation• Long-term measures for emission reduction &

abatement of air pollution • Improvement of Building Codes, Norms and

Standards system • Energy efficient housing designs

• Study on public instruments to promote de-risking of renewable energy investments • Mongolia – pilot country

Potentials for further cooperation

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• Renewable Energy:• Off-grid and decentralized solutions• Feasibility studies for solar concentrator for power

generation• Detailed studies for wind and solar energy potentials• Upscaling renewable energy use (combined

solar/wind heaters etc.)• Waste management and energy generation:

• Feasibility of producing energy from municipal waste • Energy efficiency:

• Compliance with BCNS for energy efficiency• Labeling of commercial buildings & appliances (HVAC

etc.)• Sustainable transportation• Public Private Partnerships in sustainable energy

development

Conclusions• Sustainable development, MDG achievement

and energy access are closely linked• Increased investment in sustainable/clean

energy is inevitable• Government leadership and commitment are

essential– Stable policy and regulatory framework– Financing innovation and transformation

• UNDP commitment to support energy access to all

Apr 25, 2023

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THANK YOU!

Apr 25, 2023

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Visit: www.undp.mnwww.undp.org/eegwww.sustainableenergyforall.org